URBANIZATIONCHINA’s

China’s urbanization over the past thrree decades is a massive phenomenon of scale and speed. In the 1980’s, in a very much “different” China, there were less than 200 million of “urban” population (a �fth of the total population). However, by 2011, 700 million (half of the total population) leave in urban areas, marking the ever largest popu-lation movement in the history of mankind. In 2012, China and EU have signed a coop-eration partnership to for jointly addressing the challenges of urbanization.

is the enforcement period of China’s 12th Five Year Plan which explicitly calls for more urbanization and supports theemergence of giantmegacities.

Landin China

is dividedinto

types:urban

andrural

years is the

lease duration

of urban land

which is

owned by the

state to

devel-

opers, enter-

prizes and

private owners

70years with

extension

option is the

lease period of

rural land

parts which

belongs to the

collective to

farmers.

30

China has only7% of planet’s arable

land.

7%

China has to feed 25% of the world

population

25%

2011-2015

units of social subsidized housing would be builtin China by 2015 as central government declared in 2011.

36million

million

million

million hectares of agricultural land, mark the «red line», for the Country being able to feed itself.

new inhabitants must be absorbed every year by China’s cities

120

40

/691

1,25

20

2020

60.000

is the year by which 10 million rural residents (the population of Greece) will have been moved into cities as Chongqing plans.

USD (Rmb8million) is the least amount for enterpre-neurs that haveto invest in company creation in Beijing to be granted hukou.

bicycles available at 2200 rental points constitute the world biggest public bicycle rental scheme, established in Hangzhou.

Only 20% of Chinese cities meet the WHO standards for Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide, while almost no city meets the standards for particulates.

The proportionof people cycling to workin Beijing, fall from 75% in 1986 to 18% in 2010.

Chinahas around700 small cities with populations bellow1.5 million.

Urbanresidents spend nearly 4 times than rural resi-dents. In 2010 rural residents spent US$600 per year.

The cost for extending the urban bene�tsand welfare to 300 million migrant workers, will be around US$ 230billion or 3,8% of 2010 GDP

BeijingTianjin

Shanghai

Guangzhou

Chongqing

In February 2010, the ministryissued the "National UrbanSystem Plan" anddesignated �ve majorcities as Nationalcentral cities

Rur

al

Urb

an

China’surbanization

2011

/2001980

million people lived in cities, taking China’s urbanization ratio to 51% and making China.

million people pproximately livedin cities.

During these

30 years, China’s Urbani-zation

rate has increased

to 51%

During the last three decades,the Chinese urban population expanded by nearly 500 million- the equivalent of adding USA, UK, France and Italy

China cities emit 75% of the country’s greenhouse gases.

This Inforaphic is produced bythe DRAGON-STAR project.DRAGON-STAR is co-fundedby the European Commission’s FP7 program aiming to support the bilateral cooperation between EU and China towards the goal to address common challenges.

This Inforaphic is designed by

51%

18%

75%1986

2010

If 400 million people are added to the nation’s urban popula-tion in the next 10 years and each new urban resident requires 100,000 yuan ($16,130) in �xed-asset invest-ments,

trillion yuan at least would be required for total investment in urbanization

Urbanization in China is controlled by the hukou system, a household registra-tion system intro-duced in 1958. The hukou system legally ties migrant workers to their rural home and was designed to keep rural residents working on the farm.

www.dragon-star.eu