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7/27/2019 Chinese Grammar Powerppt
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Wednesday
Grammar Review
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Chinese Word Order
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+Subject-Predicate Structure
Subject section + Predicate section
Please identify the predicate section in
each sentence belowQ
A
Q: A:
Q:
A:
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+Introducing Chinese Adverbial
DefinitionA word or phrase modifying or restricting the predicate is called anadverbial and the word it modifies is the head wordpredicate).For example:
What does an adverbialdo in Chinese?The adverbial is the pre-modifying element denoting the time,frequency, place, degree, manner, negation, etc. of the head word.
Thus adverbials could be time, frequency, place, degree, or
negation words.
What can serve as adverbials(in lesson 4)
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+The order of adverbs
used in succession
Two or more adverbs are often used insuccession as adverbial adjunct.
When thus used, attention should be paid totheir order: the modifying one always precedesthe modified one and this order can not bereversed.
Please translate the following sentences intoChinese:1. They are all students. We are all students, too.
2. We eat Chinese food very oftentoo.(hint: adverbials MUST precede the head predicate.)
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+General Word Order in Chinese
Subject +Adverbial + Verb +Object
1.///
2. / //3.//
4.////
Time, place, degree,
negation, etc.
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+Affirmative + negative
(A-not-A ) questions
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+A-not-A questions
Review
Change the statements below into
A-not-A questions
1.
2.
3.
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+A-not-A question
Use A-not-A question to ask your partner
Q:?
A: .(create your own answer).
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+A-not-A questions
Grammatical features
If there is an adverbial(such as , , or )before the predicate and
you want to keep it in thesentence,questionmust be used instead ofA-not-A structure.
If there is more than oneverb, the A-not-A formapplies to the first verb.
Please change the following
statements into questions:
1.2.
3.
4.
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+Sentences with verbal
constructions in series
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+Verbal constructions in series
A sentence, in which two or more verbs are used as the predicates of the
same subject, is called a sentence with verbal constructions in series.
Basic pattern:
Sub. + predicate 1 (Object 1) + predicate 2 (Object 2)
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+Verbal constructions in series
Grammatical features 1: time adverb
An adverbial (if there is any) is normally placed
before the first predicate verb.
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+Verbal constructions in series
Grammatical features 2: negation
The negative form is generally made by placing
the negative adverb or before the first
predicate.
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+Verbal constructions in series
Grammatical features 3: A-not-A
A-not-A question structure only applies on the first
predicate.
(statement) (A-not-A question)
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+Exercise
Step 1:How do you say she wants to play ball in Chinese?
Step 2:practice the negative form for the sentence
Step 3:Apply the A-not-A rule to turn the statement (Shewants to play ball) into a question (Does she wantto play ball or not?).
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+(word order & subject-predicate structures)
Exercises
Workbook Dialogue Translation
P.74 #5
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+Differentiate Similar terms
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+ to like
would like; want to do something (desire)
feel, think (give opinions or physical feelings,hungry, hot, cold, etc.)
__________
__________
__________
__________
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Grammar in conversation
Workbook exercisep. 73 D4