Fall Volume .1 Number 4

_bi_ " Upda_e on a vicious d,sease .

i •

Notices~

Catalog Produced by NRA Wanted _The educational materials produced by the National Home for'the 1981 Conference.anywhere in Ontario preferred-

Restaurant Association (NRA) are listed and described in a new require location as soon as possible.catalog, available fromthe NRA. _ . OFFERS

Books and training materials in managemen L personnel .-opp0rtunity t0 meet public Health Inspectors from throughouttraining, food service equipment and maintenance, and other Ont.categories are listed in the catalog. .refiew old acquaintances

To order the cata!og, write: National Restaurant Association, -a learning experienceOne IBM Plaza, Suite 2600, Chicago, IL 60611. The NRA -a chance to contribute to.your fellow inspectors.address after July 1 will be:311 First Street NW, Washington, Send inquir!es, to the Branch Sec. Treasurer ot_ contact anyDC 20001. .' Branch Committee Member. ,'

"" Where is the new home for 1981?Oetolmr 19 - 23, 1980 . Scarborough? Etobicoke?, Halton Regional?, Durham Regional?

The American Public HealthAssociation will be holding its Niagara? North York?, Perth District?, Huron?, Chatham?, yourannual meeting in DetrOit, Michigan. Further fnformati0n.m'ay Health Agency?be obtained by writing The American Public Health Association,1015 Fifteenth.Street, N.W. Washington, D.C.;20005, U.S.A. ' " " •

..... THE NEW EXECUTIVEwas announ_ed at the annual meeting

October 20 - 21, 1980 : of the Ontario Food Protection Association. The persons who willA seminar on occupational exposure to noise and vibration, serve in leadet_shippositions for the coming year are: Ralph

organized jointly by the Division ofPhysics, National Research Abell, President; Gaff Holland, Past President; Brenda Cfiesly,Council and 'the "Non-Ionizing Radiation Section. of National Secretary-Treasurer; and Directors; John Sterns, David Collins-Health and Welfare will be held in Montreal._The fee for the Thompson, Sue Lymburner, Gary.Huber, Pat Dodsworth, andconference will be $60.00 ($80.00 after August 15, 1980). For Reinhart Purfurst.further information write to D. Benwell, Non-lonizing Radiation WHY. ? ? ? are you NOT a- member of THE CANADIANSection, Radiation Protection Bureau, Health and Welfare INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC HEALTH INSPECTORS ONTARIOCanada, Environmental Health Centre, Room 233, Tunney's BRANCH? - If you or any of your colleagues'are not membersPasture, Ottawa, Ontario K!A 012. _ _ please tell us why. Send the editor a note or write to the Ontario

Branch President, BrianHatton,'1975 Caribou St., Sudbury. The

BACHELOR OF APPLIED ARTS [ENVIRONMENTAL application for membership may befound in the publication youHEALTH]' ., are holding in your hands.Classes have started this Fall 1980 at Ryerson P01ytechnical /Institute. For more information on course offerings andadvanced standing, please contact: THE PUBLIC HEALTH / v_\ x_INSPECTION DEPARTMENT, A-622 'JORGENSON HALL, \RYERSON POLYTECHNICAL INSTITUTE, 50 GOULD ST.,TORONTO,ONT., M5B IE8

RENFREW COUNTYAND DISTRICTHEALTH UNIT _:invites _ _

APPLICATIONS for the position 'of Public Health Inspectol" forits Branch office located at Barry's Bay. The incumbent will beresponsible for a generalized program in a scenic,resort setting.This position offers excellent working and fringe benefits. Salary$16,607.00 to $20,142.00. "_ " :.

• Inquiries may be dlrecteff tot

J.'M, Watt', Director, : _i" . Environmental Health Division, ,..-.- - .... . '

Renfrew Country.1217&PembrokeDistrictHealthstreetUnit,_ ...,1"_ - ,_'i____: "°' "\., : East, ,, _ .. __a_x_ _o._P.O. Box 940 ,J "='- ._____:_.Aax'_"....

" Pembroke, Ontairo _ • . • lI _

i : K8A7M5 '1 : ,' 5

RYERSON ALUMNI ASSOCIATION a ...... "'. _. +.

If you have any functions, articles, comments or criticisms you O.k_. - /-/_#___ T/4/__ ' d_Ot¢_ , ___2_

wish to express in the upcoming alumni newsletters, please: 7-_-- _C,C,--_K'_#_,4_ ._,4-_._/m_ d/4 /.JILLdirect them to DEREK SIM, DIRECTOR, RYERSONALUMNISUDDPV ASSOC., 50 GOULDSTREET, TORONTO, ONT, M5B _z_ _t G'/4T- i.tP ,t1ES. ::

i

Every year the Public HealthProfessionassembleto partakeinan educationalconference.

WELCOMETO THE

\

in the

Holiday Inn, Kingston,Ont.Hosted by:

Kingston,Frontenac,Lennoxand Addington Health Unit

Enjoy,learn,andmeetnewfriends

OTTAWA HEALTH UNIT -- Championsfor 1980.Theywonthe tournamentand hosteda great weekend. (Photo by Seeger)

!

Spa Brom keeps its coolin hottubs and spasDo you know another chemical that Soon everybody will be wanting a hotcan say that? Of course not. Spa Brom tub or spa. And when they do, they'll.is bromine based. Hot tubs and spas want the advantages of Spa Brom,are fast spreading across the country, automatically.indoors and outdoo_'s.The relaxing

effect of surging, soothing hot water Z_XJ/t,_/_,_ _.,,._,f;P/J_'--4

has become a part of today's life style. Rexdale,Ontario.115CifyViewDr.,(416)249-7451

And Spa Brom is right there. Lonaon. Ootario, POBox2425 N6A4C-3,(519)686-9335

CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF PUBLICHEALTH INSPECTORS

="_. L'INSTITUT CANADIEN DES INSPECTEUR_"_4 EN HYGII_NE PUBLIQUE

LEXt

Ontario Letters to The Editor are welcome and should b'emailed to:

Edlt=r PublishedQuarterly

Branch News BoxKLAUSSEEGER687 Inserton DeadlinesClinton, Ont. N0M 11.0 Spring Feb. 15Publishedby the Summer May 15CanadianInstitute of Public Fall August 15

Fall Volume 1- Number 4 HealthInspectorsIOntarloBranchlInc. Winter Nov. 15

, This issue -It has been reported, that most members received their

Summer issue within ten days. We aren't really preoccupied0t_wa tekes trophy ............. P. 3 with time, but sometimes we have dated material to print and theGlimpses of the Past.... ........ P. S sooner you receive the ONTARIO BRANCH NEWS, the better.Gnest Edltedal .P. 7 ********FEATURE: A RABIES UPDATE RABIES: an update. An update on what vaccines are currentlyDifferent Vaccines used ............ P. 9 being used for post-exposure prophylaxis; A report on how theRabies in Humans ......... , ..... P. 10 Ministry of Natural Resources is trying to reduce the incidence ofA _tbld Rabbltyou say? .......... P. 11 rabies in wildlife, which in turn will help decrease PHIOn the Lighter side ............. P. 12 investigation; Some advice on what to do when confronted by aWalk Don't run ........ ; ....... P. 13 growling dog;Information exchange ' .P. 14 * * * * *'* * *Running at both ends ............ P. IS Regular departments include; ON THE LIGHTERSIDE, AnWhere areyou? .............. . .P. IS experience with a skunk; RUNNING AT BOTH ENDS disusses

the not so simple sample.********

The GUEST EDITORIALby Herb Waters, is a primer for theWinter issue. Think about it, and if you agree or disagree, writeUS.

*1.*1.*

SubsCription$4. lyr. THE COVER:A UFO? No it is a photomicrograph of a negativelystained rabies virus, and it is courtesy of Dr. P. Blaskovle, who iswith the Virus Laboratory,of the,Ontario Ministry of Helath. Dr:

PrNit S_*_lary-Trlrar Blaskovic says that "the particle is typically bulle_-shaped andBRIAN HATrON MIKE GRAVEL

_" 1975CarlbonSt.,Sudbury RLR.11,Petarborough,Ont. the surface is covered with projections which form a fringe. Themmmlat, Pastarmldml virus measures 200 x 90 nm and the magnifications of theWILLIAM WRIGHT875WonderlandRoad.,S. ." photomicrographs are 300,000 x."We are grateful to Dr./_ot.. 803,London,Ont. Blaskovic for submitting this on such short notice.

"******

The CARTOON was drawn b_TdmSly, wffo not only is a fineCouncillOrs COUNCILLORS -1_/8-1980 lPTIFtU.1 writer, but also a talented artist.

P_IER FITZSIMONS JAMESCAVE Hopefully, many of you will be or have attended(depends on614 WellingtonSt.,E. 34 Stoney Creek Dr. whenyoureadthis), the annualconferenceinKingston.If it isn'tSaultSte.Marie WestHill, Ont.M1E3Lo possible, be sure to read the next issue. A lot of committeePAUL MclNNIS HUGH GOODFELLOW

P.O.Box34, 107GlonburnlngCres.. reportswill be presentedanda reportof the speaker'stopicswillOwen Sound, Ont. N4K 5P1. Lonoon,unt. be given.PATRICK (Bud) O'DONNELL FREEMAN HUTCHINGS * * * * * * * * * *b-15SummerhillCres. R.R.1,Sudbury=Ont. Bginburg, Ont. KOH 1MO

FREDRUE JIMSTONE Thanksto BobDussaultfor3355Carillion Ave. 1233 Donald Drive

Mlsslssauga,.Ont. L5C 2Ag North.., Dot. 3H2 helpingwith this issue.

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Our president speaks " -t

Membership increaseFirstly I would like to thank th0se who returned their proxies This year I and the Branch Executive have been very

to me for the National Conference in' Saskatoon. It was a very encouraged with the substantial increase in our membership.successful conference and congatulations are in order to the For 1980,weare expectingan increase of approx. 25 percent overconference committee for a very educational and hospitable 1979. I think the contributing factors are mainly ourweek. Next year the annual conference will be held in Winnipeg communication with the membership in kbeping them betterduring the first week of July. Also we would like to extend our informed, our excellent newsletter and the efforts of Jim Cave'sthanks and appreciation to Ron de Burger. Paul Stone, Larry membership committee. It appeai's we are now reaching moreS/omka, Jim Sandul, Fred Ruf_and Phil Barton for an excellent P.H.I.'s and the Branch will now have to concentrate on thosejob they have done for the institute while in office. We are now non members to find out why they don't belong. We wouldlooking forward to working with Tim Roark and his executive, certainly like to hear from those Inspectors and their reasons for

As of this writing there have been no new de_,elopments with not being members.regards toLicencing and Registration. We are expecting to hear On behalf of the Branch COmmittee we hope to have the

from our lawyer, in .the not too distant future, of any progress opportunity of meeting with you in Kingston in September.with the Attorney General. We will certainly keep you informedof these developments.

Executive meetingThe Ontario Branch-Executive during their last meeting on donation in memory of the Major was received from the Hospital

June 21 1980 decidcd to defer their final decision to the for Sick Children.membership ht the animal meeting in Kingston regarding the A recommendation was made that the Calendar committee be

question of advertising and renumeration for individuals.selling discontinued due toincreased mailing costs. This question willpai:d advertising for insertion in the newsletter. This decision be decided upon by the membership at the annual meeting.

, was made when a motion was defeated_which would provide A letter from J Bakkei" expressed concern regarding escalatingi individuals soliciting "and promoting a successful advertising costs of application fees for Certificates of approval issued under

campaign 10 percent of his accounts, upon written request, to Part VII of the E.P.A.cover their expenses. The editor of the Ontario Branch News has been invited tO

Mrs. A.S. O'Hara wrote the Ontario Branch expressing the'Annual Meeting in Kingston. with expenses paid. Through aappreciation at Branch's sympathy in regards to the M,ajor'_ tmanimous motion by the executive.recent death. An acknowledgement of the Ontario Branch's

Apolog ",Our losif.you read most of the Summer issue of probably be used in conjunction with any food item...

the Ontario Branch News, you would have noticed (how could • DETAILS STRESSED6,

you have missed [hem) many errors and typing mistakes., The Wh.en 1 mention about detailed information in your dailyreader can be reassured that all errors are hunted down and journal, remember that we Were being asked in 1980 to. givecorrected throughout the production process. At least Rhea and I detailed information of a 1/)74 incident. Some of the questionstry our _damnedes.t, t_ do this. However, when the typesetting asked by the defence were;

" machine malfunctions, the time is one a.m., andthe printing 1. HOW many boxes were in the cooler?deadline approaches, the inevitabM happened; errors, and dark 2. Where were these.located?

pictures. Needless to say the Editor_svoice was the loudest when 3. Were there any other meats in cooler at time? •,_.the issue came off the press. _ 4. Where and, when did you examine _the meat and who was

The article WHIRLPOOLSby BOB DUSSAULT, incorrectly present at the time?stated that 100 degree Water would be scalding. The original 5. Did you open and examine bach and every carton of meat?article stated that. " The Whirlpool water temperature 6. What did the meat look like? - give details. ,usually is about 104-108 degrees Fahrenheit. Over 110 .degrees 7. Where was meat held? - and hog' was each box identified?Fahrenheit can be scalding." 8. What was the weight of the cartons?

" .- 9. What was the size and colour of each carton?

Our apoligies also to Petar Moedo for consistently mispelling 10. Was the store manager present? Was the owner presentduring your inspection? Did you advise the owner of thel_s name in the last issue, action you took at the time? '

in the article T.4JNI_D MEAT: THE CONCLUSION, written 11. Did you take a sample of the meat?byALVlNBERGIN,a fewseKtem_ceswereleftout.Following is Ifyoudid- ja reprintofthe detailswhichshouldbe stressed whenrecording, a) What size sample? 'informationin your daffyjournal. The details mentionedwill Ph_:a_eturn to page 5

• ONTARIO BRANCH NEWSlFALL 1980 PC. 5

Glimpsesof thepast1960 Montreal Memphis was finally free tram yellow fever. This new status was

After 27 years of arguing, "hot letters streaming across the probably achieved after thirty miles of sewer pipes were laid,country", and committee activities buzzing, the national and an equal number of miles of drain tile were laid. Cleaningconference held in Montreal voted 103 to 20 (23 abstentions) to and filling of vaults, the,demolition of old buildings, the cleaningadopt THE CANADIAN INSTITUTEOF PUBLIC HEALTH up of cellars and the general renovation of stores and dwellingsINSPECTORS' as their new name. Seven final name choices was also completed.Were voted upon by elimination. Some of the suggestionsconsidered in the period 1958 to 1960 included: CanadianAssociation of Environmental Control Officers; 2. CanadianAssociation of Public Health Sanitarians; 3. Canadian Associa-

tion of Public Health Inspectors; 4. Canadian Association of WINTERISSUEPublic Health Officers; 5. Canadian Sanitarian Association; 6.

Association of Sanitary Science (ASS); 7. Canadian Association DEADLINE

of Health Inspectors; 8. Canadian Association of HealthEducators; 9. Association of Public Health Educators; 10.Canadian Institute of Sanitarians; 11. Canadian Institute ofEnvironmenta_ Health; 12. Canadian Institute of Public HealthInspectors. The Committee process began to get the legal work articles and informationcompleted to officially change the charter.

July 19 1880-YeHowFever JSIScientific American_ in 1880 reposed that "the' terrible

visitation of yellow fever on the cities along the lower Mississippi _ 4[. _,_ A,_c o e rhas indicated clearly to the United States Medical Department /

the great need of a better system of quarantine regulation,inspection and disinfection and the want of swirl, properlyappointed craft to relieve passing vessels of sick persons and toconvey them to the quarantine stations along the river." Duringthe same year it was reported in _Scientific American' that

Next issue

• pest' Kil LITIGATION is the Winter issue theme. We'll try and get somemore information on the proposed legislation which will enablePill's to write summons'. What is your op'm[onon the process o_lit!gation? How often does your agency get involved in litigation?

• The main urban centres should be able to give the smaller areassome advice, since they inevitably will get more cases.

Do you have an opinion? The guest editorial is open to anymember (or non-member, if you wish to discuss why you want to

A service for[ retain that status).

no$$ Don't forget to let your area correspondent/chairmen knowHomes-Farms" BusJ the answer to the question WHERE ARE YOU? so it can beincluded in that department. Look for our regular departments,such as RUNNING AT BOTH ENDS, and ON THE LIGHTER

Serving: Londonand tlm GLIMPSES OF THE PAST, INFORMATION EXCHANGE, ANDsurrounding atl_ GUEST EDITORIALare requested.• s_tSS_

If you attended the conference and tookpictures please sendi

FREE ESTIMATE8 them to us for the next issue. /

• CorrectionContinued from pa_gg2

OWNERIMANAQER ' b) How did you carry same? i.e. how wrapped?c) How was sample identified? \HIII_Oy _ d) Where did you take sample to? _HackJand e) Was the refrigerator locked and were there other items in

• refrigerator?

'Your Protection 0 Who picked UP sample and who released sample to thi_person and on and on -- these are but a few of the questions,.ksked."

Against Pests'_ "_ regret any inconvenience this may have caused. .f. i i

L .

PG. 6 ONTARIO BRANCH NEWS/ FALL 1980 ._. ,

,Editorial ' I I '

The need for CIPHI ,M_mynon-men_bersand even members of our institute for inspectors,from early days, desired a means of communicating

some reason do not feel that there rea!ly is a need for an technical information and comparing techniques so they couldorganization Which a pubfic health inspector can belong to. serve the public with better environmental sanitation. TheyCertainly, if in their own area there are no problems, and all the wanted regional and national association with their fellowwork is completed, without the usual periods of challenge, then inspectors for training and mutual sources of information. Somethey probably Would not need the information exchange, of the early inspectors had been trained in Europe, had enjoyedupdating, c0mpani0nship_ recognition, a_d the sense of membership in various associations at home. Others simply feltprofessionalism which belonging to the. Canadian Institute of lonely in their work.Public Health Inspector attempts to provide. For those who are All desired recognition and support in thehesitant to join_or participate, the answer'to Why an Institute for great complex of health service professions, a basic qualificationInspectors? follows. It is an excerpt from the historical training and certification, communication.publication "UP THE YEARS" written by THOMAS E. The answer, from the beginning, was tOcreate a national bodyELLIOTr, CPHI (C), documenting our Institt_te's history, for the advancement of sanitary science, to raise the status of the

"Public Health Services in Canada are provided by federal, inspector, provide training and qualification, permit representa-provincial and local agencies. The major!tyof personnel are from tion by inspector's in the major health associations. A body whichdisciplines such as medicine, nursing, engineering, veterinary, Couldspeak with authority in representing this profession. Thelaboratory, dental, social, clerical or business. These profession- Institute, was_ and is, necessary and desired."als have adopted public health training and used both The goals mentioned above are being realized. However, ourbackgrounds to fit into the stream, voice is ,not very vocal and with all the other more 'newsy"

The public "health inspector was trained and qualified causes and groups confronting the media and the public,' thespecifically for public health. The profession was not borrowed or concerns' of the public 'health inspector are put on the backloaned from another field but created for the demand. It is an old burner.'profession, outdatii_g many of the Others as history records "Through the work of our Institute we nowhave representationinspections of food, housing and unsanitary conditions long on the NSF standards-committee; we are being asked to, givebefore the formal development of the other medical sciences, lectures at community colleges, We are at the doorstep in the

_e affmber of qualified inspectors is extremely small. There process of achieving licencing and registration, so:'that we canare fewer inspectors in all of Canada than nurses in a single large maintain bur professional.integrity; and many other items whichhospital complex. Often the inspectors must work in fields where only members can share with each other.they are miles from the nearest kindred worker, meeting with Thomas E. Elliott was absolutely correct in stating that theother inspectors on rare occasions to compare interests. The Institute is necessary and desired, by our profesion.

To the editorTothe Editor: from our Institute in,the programme. The Chairmafi of the-

I would like to tell you what a splendid newsletter you have Hospitality Division replied with enthusiasm and suggested thatbeen publishing of late. Your next.challenge will be to search oat" - PHI's could participate in a series of lectures to'be included inthe typos in the copy. I have some comments with respect to the the 'Sanitation and Safety Program on Equipment andreport of the Role Expansion Committee's report in the Summer Maintenance and Safety, Food Microbiology and Litigation.issue. It was quite informative until we reached the last two The answer to your second question is a little bit depressing inparagraphs. Perhaps we in deepest, darkest Durham Region that'it involves a District Health Council (Thames Valley), andcould be enlightened as to the "new course" at George Brown their misunderstanding of the PHI role in Public Health. TheyCollege. Also, what did the news item in the London Free Press felt that"health units provide such services as home caresay about Public Health Inspectors? , programs, INSPECTION OF PUBLIC WASHROOMS, schools,

I am enclosing a copy of an Oshawa Times item from May 28, and homes and Offerfamily planning services." ,A detailed letter1980. outlining the PHI Environmental Health Programme was sent to

Thank you for producing such a high quality magazine, the Chairman of,the Thames Valley District Health Council fromYours truly, the Ontario Branch. It also stressed our concern about the

: Robert Skelding, C.P.H.I.(C) council's impression that PHI's only inspect public washrooms.,_ Durham Regional Health Unit, The Council felt that health imits should do more streamlining.

Oshawa. The Chairman felt that theCouncil's ro!ewas not to examine dayEditors reply: tO day operations, but only to set standards.

There were far too many errors in the last issue andowe can If'other readers find that an article leaves questions in theironly improve. The "new course" referred to in Hugh's report is mind due to lack of complete details, do not hesitate to write.one presented by the Hostelry Institute opening at the George Should you have a similar experience, don't hesitate to write.Brown College in Toronto• Hugh was offering input by PHI's Dialogue is what makes us strong.

ONTARIO BRANCH NEWS/FALL 1980PG. 7

Guest editorial IIII

Educator or enforcerJ

T. HERBERT WATEI_ CPHI (C) suffer through their neglect or ignorance. Because this inspectorClassif};ing the Public Health Inspertor as an educator or as an is sympathetic, understanding, knowledgeable, and convincing,

enforcer is an interesting and thSughtprovokirig title, they begin to see the error of their ways, not as a breach of aFew of us doubt the fact that we were hired basically as laws, but as a direct or indirect threat to their ways, or comfort of'

enforcers. We are also though of as .enforcers by those who others. If they are properly sold on a new provedure, they adoptsuffer as a result of another's violation of a law. At the same it with pride and will not revert to their old habits.time, the violator thinks of'us as •unreasonable oppressors if we The knowledge.that an Inspector has taken time to impart isenforce the law only for the sake of it being a law. like a new dollar that.is injected into the economy. The new

That Public Health InspeCtors must not permit widespread dollar is earned, spent, invested, and saved by a succession ofdisregard of Public"Health Laws can not he questioned. In this .people. New knowledge or convincing reasons for a desiredrespect, they must he enforcers. However, there are two action is acquired wisdom and a source of pride. It will be passedpathways to the public Health Inspector's utopia. One is named from one to another and will earn a little recognition and respectCold Blooded Brute Force. The other is Knowledge and for each along the way. The person who is forced to obey a lawGuidence by Instruction and Examplb. Without reason does so but he is not convinced of the merits of

PHIROLES the action.While our role may well be that of an enforcer and that of an What are some of the advantages of enforcement? Exerting

educator, the enforcement role is over emphasized for the authority may be personally gratifying and thus attractive tofollowing two reasons: _ some inspectors. Exercising discipline may be reassuring to

First. A very small percentage of the inspector's time is spent those who need reassurance. Persons the inspector is trying toprosecuting those who disobey orders or break Public Health influence by force may behave respectfully and submissively,regulations. I believe this may even be said for thb larger but only in hi s presence.. .municipalities that account for a great percentage of all court In some cases restrictive authority is essential. Theactions in a given period.. . do-it-or-else order has the advantage of speed. However it

Second. Whether it is realized 'or not, the Public Health the disadvantages of no lasting effect, of germinati_In'spector is expected to teach sound Public Health practices resentment, and of encouraging passive obstructionism.wherever: he goes. He must seek knowledge continuously and The value of a Public Health Inspection Educator is withoutlmust be prepared to impart knowledge to the public, and to limits. If through acquired knowledge, you are sold on the worthshare it with his colleagues, his subordinates, and using of a practice, action,, or measure and in turn can persuadediscretion, even with his supervisors, another, he will change his habits to help himself or others, and

Some are convinced that they can't waste time reasoning to in doing so will conform to your wishes. Further he will respecteffect a change. I believe they are either uninformed, fooling you-for your knowledge of the subject and for your sharing thisthemselves, power hungry, or are poorly directed. They are only knowledge with him.aware of the people who jump as they approach, and fail to hear , PHI PRIORITYor be concerned about those who jump right back into' the old To conclude - Surethe Public Health Inspector is an enforcerslot, as soonasthey pass. but the effective Public Health inspector is first an educator.

PATIENCE VALUABLE Pupils of the well informed, capable educator' become hisCompare this situation with one where the Inspector is well disciples. They will implement his teachings and will spread his"

informed, not only on the law, _buton the reasons for which the message to others. My advice ,is to keep searching for newlaw was passed. He takes time to explain when, why, and how a knowledge related to environmental health, human behaviourchange in procedure should be made. I believe that most people and teacliing methods. Share old and new ideas with others andare humanitarians. Basically, they do not want to cause others to keep the big stick concealed but at the ready.

W I e..,.--------e com "''''''''''"The following applications have been received for membership Patry; Jacques E. Perreautt; Andrew P. Roci_e; Wolfgang

in the Ontario Branch: Saxler; Regina F..Szava; Marco A. Vittiglio; Elizabeth T. Wood.ACTIVE . STUDENTMEMBERSHI_ ......

Lorraine M. Brennen; Susan E. Brunet; Catherine A. MarkW. Bartlett; DavidM. Bennitz; Patricia Chamak; TeresaCampbell; Rosemary M. Craig,; Marilyn Eriksen; Bernadette E. A. Chamot; Ruth M. Cole; John G. Haslam; Maureen P. Howes;Etzler; Kenneth J. Gorman; Patil L. Cvuilbeault; John R.-Hall; Ma,rtha Hutchinson.Susan P. Henry; Danny Kartzalis; Eugene C. Kelly; Mary A. Jessica Ip; Marilyn Lee; James J. Reiffle; Yvonne M. Schiller;

Kokelj; George R. Korzienicki. Paul V. Sylvester; Joanne Young.Diana R. Lazure; Jordan K.C. Lee; Barbara J. Marshall; Joan

Mastromartino; Yvon L. Morrisette; Gerald J. Murray; Dale A. WELCOME TO T]_ _0_0 .B-RAN_ OFMcCrae; Diane Nehrenheim; Michael N. Passarelli; Claude R. CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF P1LIBI,lCHEALTH INSPII_I$.

' i.

PG. 8 ONTARIO BRANCH NEWSIFALL 1980 _ "" "

The PHOTOZONE®process. ,.A Major Breakthrough in Clean Watere

• _ Why our purifying methodis cleaner, more healthfulandmuch more economical tooperate:A certain spectrum of sunlightautomati-.cally produces the life-essential ozonelayer that has constantlyacted for billionsof years to naturally balance and purifythe earth's atmosphere.Now, we've cap-tured that invisibleray of lightin a uniqueionization device. The result is a majorbreakthrough in economicalwater purifi-cation and treatment.

Our Photozone process Water Purifierinstantlycleans water on contactby oxy-dizing the pollutantsand killingthe bac-teria. The chemistryof the water rediainsunchanged.The only thingaddedto yourpool is more fresh, healthfuloxygen. ThePhotozone process eliminates from 50 to90% of the chemical treatment costs andthe unpleasan t eye-burning chemicals,smells and tastes traditionally associated

ioai_li_a with swimmingpools.Operatingcostof the_ i¢_k,_ system is usually less than four dollarsa

..... month. You save in both time and main-• ten ance costs. Forcomplete detailson the

Photozone process, call, wire or write:

iaizliDEVELOPER OF PHOTOZONE -- GAMMAZONE -- MAGNAZONE PROCESSES

Gals. _ _ c,,s,,. ,,,,_o,_• • INSTITUTE

Sun Sense Solar Systems. Win. Falrhall Enterprises Ltd.P.O. Box 3472, Stn. "A" .11 Guardsman Rd. ;London, Ontario Thorn_iH, Ontario :

; _ N6A 4K8 [S19] 438.5428 L3T 2AI .. ._'_;_ _" Tele. 06-964672 '

/

ONTARIO BRANCH NEWS/FALL 1980 PG. 9

Va pd i ' "ccine u ate /

K.n. cPm(c)In 1546 the Italian physician Girolamo l-racastoro portrayed !"

-vividlywhat it is like for a human being to be afflicted with rabies ,,- ,.':, _

"Its incubation (following a bite by rabid animal) is so stealthy," .:_..slow and gradual that the infection is very rarely manifest before ;" ,_the 20th day, in most cases after the 30th, and in many cases notuntil four or six months have elapsed. There are cases recorded _' ;in which it became manifest a year after the bite." Once thedisease takes hold "the patient can neither stand nor lie down;like a madman he flings himself hither and thither, tears hisflesh with his hands, and feels intolerable thirst. This is the mostdistressing symptom, for he so shrinks from water and all liquidsthat he would rather die than drink or be brought near to water;it is then that they bite other persons, foam at the mouth, theireyes look twisted, andfinally they are exhausted and painfully "_'"breathe their last." : ',.

Modern treatment i_ntails a painful series of from 14 to 21 !_inoculations (DEV) of vaccine following an exposure to an animal,that is known to or is suspected of being rabid. A vaccine using aseries of four to six inoculation (HDCV) is rapidly replacing thelonger series. This newer type of vaccine has been developed by . :, ,Tadeusz J. Wiktor, Martin M. Kaplan, Hilary Koprowski and - "other workers at the Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology.

Following is a series of articles which attempt to update thePublic Health Inspector on RABIES. Topics include: A vaccine On very short notice, Tim Sly managed toupdate; The incidence of Human Rabies;-Public Health conjure up this vivid sketch.Inspectorsand Rabies Investigations;Dogs and the PHI; andWildlife animal vaccination program, has, but the accumulation of experience with DEV suggests that

Although rabies rare_ affect humans in North America, it is ei_fective.

every year thousands of persons receive rabies prophylaxis. The Pre-Exposure rabies vaccine is available and is usally offeredproblem of treating persons, who have been bitten or scratched i only to high-risk groups such as veterinarians, animal handlers,by animals suspected of being infective, or who have otherwise certain laboratory workers, spelunkers, and forest rangers.been potentially exposed tO rabies, fortunately is not adecision Adverse Reactionswe as l_ublichealth inspectors have to make. However, it should Adverse reactions after vaccination does occur with somebe of interest to know what kind of treatment is available and people. Local reactions such as pain, eruthema, swelling orcurrently being used. There is still a lot of unknowns on the topic itching at the injection site may orrur. Systemic reactions mayof Rabies- In fact data on the effectiveness of active and passive vary from aheadache and nausea to rare cases of Ne.uroparalvt_j_c.immunization after rabies exposure have come principally from reactions. The recently developed Human Diploid Cell Vaccinestudies with animals. Because rabies occasionally developed in which is usually five doses when administered for post-Exposurehumans who had received postexposure antirabies prophylaxis, Prophylaxis has not had any serious anaphylactic, systemic, orresearch in the vaccine's effectiveness continues, neuroparalytic reactions reported from it to date. Pregnancy is

Two types of immunizing products are available to physicians not considered a contraindication to post-exposure prophylaxis..(usually Via the MOH): 1. vaccines that induce an active The limited data available indicated that fetal abnormalties haveimmune response that requires time to develop (about 7 to 10 not been associated with rabies vaccination. Persons who have adays for an anti:body response) but persists for as long as a year history of hypersensitivity would be given rabies vaccines withor more and; 2. globulins that provide rapid immune protectio.n caution.that persists for a short period of time (a half-life of about 21 As a note of interest: A man from Lindsay, Ont., in June of thisdays). Human Diploid Cell Vaccine [HDCV] is an inactivated year, was suing Connaught Laboratories and two doctor'son-thevirus vaccine prepared from fixed rabies virus grown in human grounds that he has given rabies shots after coming in"contact 'diploid cell culture. The Canadian National Advisory Committee with a rabid cow. The patient helped his brother and his fatheron Immunization (NACI) advises that HDCV is the vaccine of lift a rabid cow. After rabies shots were administered he sufferedchoice whenever available and is usually administered in from permanent paralysis in his arms and legs. (2)conjunction with Rabies Immune Globulin (HUMAN) (RIG).HDCV has .been used with RIG (or ARS(Anti-Rabies SerunO(Equine)) to treat 45 persons bitten by rabid dogs or wolves in "Women are much fiercer than men. Nobody has ever given usIran, 31 persons bitten by a variety of rabid animals in Germany, weapons for very long have they?" Margaret Meadand 77 persons bitten by a variety of rabid animals in the UnitedStates. In these studies no treated person contracted rabies.0:)

DuekEmbryoVacclne [DEV] is only recommended if HDVC is "Be careful about reading health books. You might die of aunavailable. DEV is an inactivated virus vac_'ine prL;paredfrom misprint." Mark Twainembryonated duckeggs infected with a fixed virus. DEV has notbeen evaluated for it effectiveness in cl)nical , 'i ,:- ::!. HDCV

\ /

PG. 10 ONTARIO BRANCHNEWS/FALL 1980. , ' ....

Human incidenceof rabies ' .The presence of the rabies virus and symptoms has been The Canada Diseases Weekly Report (CDV_iR)states that 21

recorded in history for hundreds of years. Historians. persons have died of rabies in Canada since 1925, whenphilosophers, wisemen, etc, did not realize why the symptoms report,lug began. Two of these cases occurred in Ontario. In theoccurred. But they did realize there was a connection, when the United States. rabies in humans has decreased from an averagesame sequence of events repeated themselves, of 22 cases per year in 1946-1950. Since 1966 (12 years) a total of

In ancient Babylonian times, it was part of the law that an 20 human cases have been reported in the U.S. The decreaseowner, when informed by the local 'authority of those days that would certainly be due to greater caution and the use and greaterhis dog was mad , had to keep it inside. If he did not and it bit availability of post-exposure prophylax,i$. After an unprovokedsomeone he was liable to a fine which varied, being different biting incident, a physician should be consulted and rabiesamounts for slaves and free men:- prophylax_is considered, unless rabies is known to be _ibsent

In those days, people thought that evil spirits caused the from the animal population. The CDWR states that an animalammal to go wild and this Was the case until 322 BC when fully immunized _ against rabies has litte chance of eitherAristotle came along and put things in order. He described the developing or transmitting rabies."symptoms andstated that there was a connection between the In the last two years there has been approximately six humandisease in animals and the fear of water in man. Then he rabies related deaths in the U.S. Some of thepatienfs' actualrec0mmended the painful treatment of cauterizing wounds cause cause of death was not positively indentified until after they hadby affected dogs. died. In one case the patient had been treated symptomatically a

P_etro Martire d'Anghiera, the first bishop in the New few times and releasi_d, until he returned to the hospitalWorld, recorded early in the 16th century that: "In several exhibiting violent and bizarre bchaviour, became comatose theplaces'bats not much smaller than turtle doves used to fly at next day and died. Another patient had clinical symptoms which(men) in the early evening with brutal fury and with their were not classic for rabies and he had no exposure history.venomous bites brought those injured to madness." However. the staff suspected the di_ignosis and took extra

Spanish colonists in_ the Mexican peninsula of Yucatan precautions to avoid contact with his respiratory secretions. ,Therecorded_similarobservations of bat bites and deaths in man and final diagnosis was determined after death as positive for rallies.animals. Very few people are known to have recovered from the In October 1978 and November 1979 two cases .ofdisease after the clinical symptoms have appeared, human-to-human transmission of rabies via a corneal transplant

This fact was recognized by many in later years, in 1836 were documented. In the most recent case, a 36 year old manFerdinand Raimund, the great Austrian actor and playwright, from eastern France died of rabies. 41 "days after receiving ashot himself a day after he was bitten Onthe hand by a (log that corneal transplant. The donor was a 57 yea_ old woman Whohadhad also bitten other people and Waslater killed by a policeman, died following a flaccid quadriplegia syndrome. The donor of the

Louis Pasteur and his colleagues were the first to successfully cornea was a long-time resident • in Egypt, who had lived mdevelop a post-exposure against rabies in 1881. They found that France for two months befor_ the onset Of illness. The CDCthe rabies virus Couldbe obtained in relatively pure form from reported in the MMWR .(Vol 29/No3) that "upon discovery ofthe brain and spinal cord of an infected animal, rabies in .the recipient, histologic .and electron-microScopic

VIRUSTO BRAIN examination of the donor's brain revealed diffuse encepha!omy-It does not take long for the virus, once it has entered tile elitis with the presence of numerous Negri bodies. The donor is

body, to begin the process leading to death. When a woundis known to have had exposure, while in Egypt, tOa dog who'died.caused by a bite, theviral particles penetrate the nerve endings Medical technology has been very successful in reducing theand progress toward the spinal cord. The movement of the virus incidence of human rabies. HOwever. as in the above case newto the spinal cord is passive, at a speed of about three solutions can also create new problems.millimeters per hour:Once the virus enters the spinal nerves, 'the infection spreads progressively upthe spinal cord and affects BIBLIOGRAPHYAND SUGGESTEDREADINGall areas alongside the cord. The course of the virus through the 1. CANADADISEASES WEEKLY REPORT. Vol. 6-26; June 28,spinal cord leads rapidly to the brain, where the virus multiples. 1980..Theinfection then follows the nerve trunk: outward to all parts 2. GLOBEAND MAIL,June 10. 1980.of the body, including the salivary glands, which are the crucial 3. RABIES by Martin M. Kaplan and Hilary Koprowski,site for the transmission of the virus to another animal. The virus Scientific American, January 1980 Vol 242 No 1, pg 120-134.multiplies further in the sali_,ary glands. 4, RABIES by Alyn D. Thomson, Sheffield MDC; Environmental

According to Kaplan and Koprowski, (3), "the cycle may take Health, August 1976, pg 200-204.weeks or months. "It is not_=knownhow or where the virus 5, THE NATURAL HISTORYOF RABIES, Edited by George M.remains in a latent and und_tectable form during prolonged Baer, Academic Press 1975.incubation periods. Nor is it known what balance of factors 6. MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORTS,determines•why rabies developsiin certain individuals, and not-in Centre for D,isease Contr61,Atlanta Georgia, USA. Vol. 27 No.others, but from the symptoms and the cause of death 30, Vo127No45, Vo128No10, Vo128No2S, Vo128 No 2?, Vo128(respiratory failure) it is evident that thi_function of the neurons No 36, Vol 28 No 49, Vol 29 No 3, Vo! 29No 23. • .r ....must be seriously impaired. Als0 .not known is what arrests thedisease in most naturally infected people, including those who

have been vaccinated..Neutralizing antibodies, certian 'killer' '"You either have science o_you don't, and if you have it, you are•lymphocytes attacking rabies-infected cells and interferon may obliged to accept the surprising and disturbing pieces ofall be in_,olved in halting _infection. (Interferon is the protein information, even the overv_helming and :upheaving ones, along

manufactured by cells stimulated by a variety Of infectious with the neat and prompt!y useful.b_i_." Lewis Thomas •_agen.ts, indluding the rabies.virus.) What is not clear-is thetaterrelafionof these factors."

[J

ONTARIO BRANCH NEWS/FALL 1980 PG. 11

' A rabidrabbityousay?BY J.A. MACK[NNON (_PHI(C) settled, it was found that the rabbit had indeed been rabid.

It has been documented that all warm blooded animals are Apparently the'lady had obtained the rabbit from a nearbysusceptible to the rabies virus. One does not usually consider a farmer. The farm had been raided by a rabid skunk. Needless torabies investigation of a rabid pet rabbit with a straight face. say, when these facts wererevealed, the entire warron wasHowever, chuckle though we may, it did happen. Rabbits under quarantined.normal circumstances scratch and nip at the person handling it. Eight people were given post-exposure prophylaxis. Numer-,A person operating a rabbit farm will therefore have numerous ous contacts had to be found to determine how close they actuallycuts and .scratches on their hands and arms.'. got to the creatures. One lady did not feel the situation was a

A lab worker in a hospital was asked nonchalantly by one of serious one. Since her daughter had been a contact, she asked- the doctors what had happened when he saw a bandage on her what symptoms she should look for. Not knowing whether the

hand. When the worker explained her pet rabbit had bitten her, lady was being facetious or plain naive, she was quickly told tothere was very little reaction. Eyebrows were raised, however, make funeral arrangements if her daughter developed anywhen the worker explained that the rabbit later died and was symptoms. This statement rapidly brought the situation back toburied, The wheels started turning, and when the dust had all . reality and the'humour disappeared.

Foxes,skunksmayget vaccinatedDuring the many rabies investigations performed, public types of bait were tried before it was concluded that' hamburger

health inspectors inevitably become involved in a number of was the most acceptable and economical. The different baitcases where wild animals come in contact with domestic animals tested included smoked sausage, and various types of cheeses.who have regular contact with humans.

The majority of wildlife contacts are foxes and skunks. Foxes Please turn to page 13have a very low tolerance to the rabies virus and usually develop _

symptoms while skunks have a high tolerance and can become CaSUal Quarantinecarriers.Normally a timid creature, the fox will usually try to avoid

areas of human habitation. Once.infected by the rabies virus, the Everyday hundreds of dogs are quarantined for a fourteenfox is not very particularwhere it wanders. On many occasions, arabid fox will travel from one\farm to the next, flipping at the day period primarily due to a provoked biting incident. Thissituation can be initiated when a child tries to tak_ awa_ RO,_'_'_heels d anything that comes within reach, food or pulls at the wrong part of his body.

During one incident in Huron County, a rabid fox tangled with Many PHI's consider this type of quarantine procedure a- a cat at one farm, an_lproceeded accross the road and nipped at nuisance call and a waste of time.

the legs of several members in a flock of sheep (whose skin iseasily punctured). The confused fox eventu'ally went through Because of this, some public health inspectors become verycasual about the procedure and overlook the potential hazard.another neighbours herd of cattle and headed towards a nearbyriver, when the neighbouring farmers finally caught up with it, Some would say there are very few cases of human rabies soshot it, and sent the head away for analysis. Fortunately, why worry.,Just one incident is necessary, where a dog (not vaccinated)extreme precautions were taken while handling the fox and no one has been in contact with a rabid skunk and later handled by a

•needed any post-exposure prophylaxis, playful child, to bring back the seriousness of rabies..This type of interaction between wild animals, domestic Dr. John Sterns, Ministry of Health, during a brief discussion, :animals and humans causes a lot of anxiety and can cost a stressed that a very important item to remember when

considerable amount of money. The domestic animals must be quarantining an animal after a biting incident is that it must bequarantined, (sometimes-destroyed if symptoms develop), and isolated, ie. no contact with other persons or animals. ' Tying awhen there .is human involvement, a costly vaccine must be,administered to protect the individual. • dog or cat Up in a yard is not isolation.' To help alleviate some of these problems, the Ministry of Contact could still be made and if the animal did developNatural Resources has been researching the possibility of . symptoms a iot'of workand anxiety would be created in locatingthe contacts and administering post-expOsure prophylaxis.vaccinating the more common wildlife vectors, that being the A.dog tied outside could still become a contact of, a rabidfox and skunk. Baiting experiments which began in 1972 are'nearing completion. When Connaught Laboratories perfect the . animal while quarantined. What then?vaccine to be used, the anxiety and some'of the costerable The judgement decision is up to the P.H.I. on whether thehopefui|3_ w_[ be .reduced. animal should be quarantined at home Or the pound. The

The domestic animals must be quarantined, difficulty arises when the municipality does not have a pound,(sometimes destroyed if symptoms develop), and when there is Dr. Sterns indicated.In some cases (provoked attacks or minor lacerations wherehuman involvement, a costly vaccine must be administered to the animal has been vaccinated) the owner may be allowed toprotect the individual, walk the dog with a leash during a quiet part of the day.

MR. FRANK MATEJKA, a Resource Technician with the Ofcourse allowing a seventy five pounddog to be walked by aMinistry of Natural Resources ORVAC Program (Ore Rabies small child could present itself with some problems. In all cases'Vaccination)_during a recent interview stated that S(}different sound judgement should be exercised.

+

PG. 12 ONTARIO BRANCH NEWS/FALL 1980 " '* • _, /

On the lighter, side .... ,....:........"+,=:-......... .........: ,.,Riotous.rabies++th= rurals,.It Was one of those detestable days when the whole world rapidly warming beer.

seems to be on one's back. The weather ,was lousy, my old ' TheStory was that they had been driving along a country road.woman was acting like a bitch - and our four-legged bitch was Ha! That was a hot one. I'll bet-they weren't driving at the time,acting like a... yes, you guessed it--like a woman, not judging by .the way .she was. drooling over him right now.

But there was one bright spot on the 'fiorizon. _ Apparetitly they'dseen the skunk come tottering down.the road• The New YorkYankees were playing the Los AngelesDodgers , (when they came up for air no doubt) with its ass full ofin the first game of the World Series and it was being televised porcupine quills, _likesome giant mobile pincushion.that very evening. Just the thoughtof it sustained ,my,flagging Ourbearded beefeater, urged on by his shrill-voiced harridan,spirits throughout that trying day. A couple of cold beers, maybe picked up::theskunk, dumped it in the car, and took off for townmore if,l could keep the missis out of the way, a good steak for "post-haste", as they Used to say in all the better and nowdinner, a big can of peanuts and the tired old hoofs tip on the / defunct magazines,coffee table, with the kids and the better half banished to the Arriving i_ the square, his wits deserted him. At lejast those.nether regions of the house - and the CBC tuned right in on the few scraps remaining to him in his otherwise empty cranium,dot. Lovely, lovely. , and hedecided that maybe he'd done the wrong thing in pickin_

At the end, of the day my faltering heart rubbed its hands up a possibly rabid animal which was stinking to high heaven tofiguratively at the prospect, as my car Wended homeward its boot. So lie began bell6wing for police and fire and Humaneweary way. Society and,anyone else who might sooth his wounded spirit.

And it all came true. Up to a point that is. The beer, the nuts, , That's where your denizen of health came in, If you don't know• /

the steak droner, the absent offspring along with both bitche s - What todo in, any given situation and the police can't handl e it,and the TV channel as clear as a Crosby budget! . • send for Sam_Sam the sanitary man.,He will always provide well

Then the clamour of the .'phone, shattering my utter counselled advice,.,calm the most ruffled ruffles and administerconcentration on a brilliant play in the first innings. One of the. the "most's_thing unctions to the wounded soul.sterling members of our stalwart nightwatch, the local OPP, .was But_this :pair of: cretinous creatures would not be soothedon _,heothe_ end of the line. •..... espe_ally when I pointed out to El Beardo that since he hadHis doleful stoi-ywas that some clown, (are wethe only:-0nes attempted tO sue€our the poor beastie, it was virtually his andwho are not?) had picked up a skunk which had been attacked by he'dhave to. continue looking after it for another couple weeks.,a porcupine - or vice versa as they used to say in the Roman • :That really put the cat among the pigeons. His beard quiveredForum. This comedian was now getting welled about rabies and with anger, his eyes bugged out like organ stops and!his facefi_sanguished cries and hand-wringing were evidently pitiful_to took on the. hue of a cardinal's cloak. The lady friend's voicesee .... be+cameeven more strident and I made'a mental note to give her

: Ye Gods_ Where do .all these people with atrophied brains .ifather's restaurant a bad report on thenext CAPHIS. They bothcome from? One would thinkthey existed just to Createproblems .spat .profanities about the incompetence of idiotic government• • _;..... + *

for the innocents of the world !ike ourselves. , . . ,, Officialswho could not or would _ot do their job. I tried to explainIt is a ten .mile drive from my TV set to our beautiful about rabies procedure and the fact that there were no facilities

downtown, which has been described as the hub of the universe for housing the skunk, but to no avail. There was no calmingby those whose perceptions have been somewhat clouded by them down." ,extreme age or alcohol or both. Suffice to say tha "downtown" is Finally I suggested We take a look at the skunk to try andbig enough to spit across and that's exactly w_hat! felt like.doi0g assess its future career, and we all approached the car veryafter tearing myself away from the goggle .box in mid-evening. • gingerly_, the police with their shotguns at the ready, about to

The town square seemed to be teeming with idle layabouts ana commit mayhem at the first false move of our striped friend -uniformed officials, all Of whom wel"e obviously awaiting, wereeven less ginger than anyone 'else! It began to feel like l

• breathlessly, my grand entrance to take charge 9f the handling of was playing in a 1925 gangster movie on the later-late show.• a potentially rabid animal. It looked like the crowed scene in But it was dead! Kaput! Morte! Finis! Moribund! The poor

"Dog Day Afternoon" and half-an-hour later I knew just how Al. little sod must have had a coronary _it'the sight and sound of allPacino felt in that movie., thatmob, with the guns and the fire hoses. ,At least the situation

Two grim faced policemen, looking like rural versions of Dick _ was somewhat relieved. The courage0u_' health inspector couldTracy, were brandishing shotguns menacingly, while the police take action and no doubt earn a mention in the Guiness Book Ofcar wailed its dying saraband in +the backgrofind, flashing Records-or somesuch - by getting the skunk Off to Health of_lood-red lights all over the place. Animals for ex_imination.

The fire brigade was out in force too. No doubt to flush down. The, crowd began to disperse, obviously disappointed at the"' :he skund-polluted square, which was already redolent with the lack Of a shoot-out. The Police stasfled away their guns for

mmistakable odour Ofthe badly scared animal; . • another ten years til, the next local crime wave, the firemenAnd there in the centre of the stage stood our skunk lover, rolled up their hoses, hoping for a burning haystack or summat,

mjoying all the attentions of the mob, adorned with a wild and tile _rtain came down on our little town's most excitingooking beard and draped all over with a girl friend. He was evening for a decade. But the principal actors remained on stage_racticallywearing her, whe was so entwined into him, gazing fora few moments more while tempers cooled and pertinentLdoringlyinto her hero's eyes. I recognized her as the daughter details were noted down._fone, of the local restaurateurs.. The_ the trek home. The ball game was over and my favourite

He, the hirsute one, looked like the poor man's version of team fiad lost. My beer was warm enough to bath in, the kids)teen Welles as Falstaff and they both began mouthingoff at me were l0oseand creating havoc and the bitch had eaten all myvhile my. thoughts still dwelt on the second innings andr'my ,, +_ ,..:.:. .. , please turn to page 13

i , 1

' , +• +

ONTARIO BRANCH NEWS/FALL 1980 PG. 13 ,.

Walk don't:run, Dogs and PHIs

It is quite probable that many of you reading thiS:have been in 6) Don't attempt to pet a skulking dog (ears down, head low).a situation where a dose call or an actual bite occurred while ' When a hand is extended suddenly, the dog feels you are beingattempting to quarantine a dog from a reported bite. In most aggressive and is ready to defend itself, Do not bend or kneelcases the reason for the bite was purely' from a sense of until you know the dog is friendly.protection on the animal's part.. _ • DO'S.

If a stranger startled you by rushing up and:raisittg the hand, ::_- • 1) Watch a dog when approaching but look at any part of thein all likelihood defense would be toppriority,- bodyexceptthe eyes -whistle, hum or make some kind of noise

There are several Do's and Don'ts we as Pill's should be to let the dogknow someone is approaching.aware of, to decrease the incidence of unwarranted and 2) Usecalm confident easy movements. A dog can sense fear.embarrassing bites. " '_Infact whether you show fear externally or not, there is a

• Ed Harrison, CIPHI(C) Director of the Huron_County Health " chemical change in the body which the animal will detect.Unit, offers several suggestions. Ed has trained Bouvier's in the ' 3; Always try to use a friendly cheerful voice, (ie. high tones)past. ' , while talking to as dog. Dark deep loud voices are a sign of

DON'TS aggression.There are many actions a person must avoid when dealing 4) Slowly extend and open hand from the side of the body to

with dogs. Ed suggests the following: 1)Neverstare directly into allow the dog to smell. However, use extreme caution.the eyes of any dog (or any animal). This action is a definite$i_ 5) If a dog comes charging at you, stand perfectly still andof agression. Look at any other part of the body. don't run. When the dog starts to growl and shows teeth and

2) Do not walk into a yard or building carrying a stick or Curled.lips, stay and 0bserve. Walk slowly backwards and away.package. The dog interprets this as a weapon and will usually Speak in high tones to the animal. Do not run. If the dog is

• attack. This _s probably one reason why the postman is a victim, wagging'its tail and hair isn't standing up, speak cheerfully to it3) Try not to surprise a dog or startle it from a deep sleep, and proceed on.

Always make some kind of noise when approaching a building Or ' 6) Try to phone ahead so the owner can tie up his dog andyard. (ie. whistling, humming) prepare for your arrival_ '

4) Don't, make sudden moves. GenL_ralcharacteristics of small dogs is that they °won't5) Do not turn your back on a growling angry dog with teeth hesitate to;nip at.the heels.. Largerdogs are fear biters, ie. they

showing and hairstanding up. Slowly walk backwards away from will not hesitate to protect themselves. All dogs should bethe animal, approached Withcaution.

Turning your back away from the animal aIIbws'it .to: .... "Mr. Harrisongives us one final note of wisdom - "Discretion isbecome aggresive. " .... " the better part of valour."

/ Foxes, Skunks may get vaccinatedContinued from p_a_ 11 "' were fitted on foxes, striped skunks, coyotes and raccoons.,

• .Todetermine wl_etherthe animal ate the bait, a small amount The results showed that one fox travelled from a point west ofof the antibiotic tetracycline was mixed in. With the co- Barrie to Essa township near Wiarton in Bruce county. Anotheroperation of the trappers, the carcasses were returned to the travelled from central Huron to the northern part of the Bruceresearch starff for examination. When an animal eats the bait, peninsula. Understanding the movement of wild animals willthe teeth when examined under an ultra-violet microscope, show help the research staff determine which areas to bait when thefluorescent yellow lines. The program to date appears to have vaccine is ready to be used.been successful, with a large percentage of animals picking up The vaccination program, if everything goes_well, is scheduledthe bait. Mr. Matejka pointed out that the research area of the to begin in 1981. Will we see the elimination 6f rabies in wildlife.bait drop covers 200 Square miles south of Goderich.: in Ontario? Very unlikely, Mr. Matejka says. In order to

Approximately 3 percent of the carcasses brought in for eliminate rabies, 90 percent of the wildlife would have to beanalysis to dcrtermine the presence of tetracycline are positive vaccinated. Since the program is primarily aimed at the fox andfor rabies. Most rabid animals a have little desire to eat and skunk population, vaccination of these two groups hopefully willtherefore less likely to be found in a baited trap. Very few reduce the severity and cost which many areas are presentlytrappers, Mr. Matejka said, get pre-exposure rabies_vaccine, experiencing. . ,Most are very particular in taking precautions when handling • " le hanimals found intheir trap lines. . On the .i_ter side

Continued from rage 12 .....A wildlife rabies epidemic this year (1980) is being if peanuts (I'11 leave you to guess which bitch!) What a rotten,experienced in Peel, Renfrew, Wellington, Simcoe, Bruce, Grey; ' • ,

and Huron counties, Mr. Matejka said. Rabies epidemics rotten day, AI Pacino didn't know the half of it.ususally run in three year cycles. -"But revenge is sweet. The skunk was proven to rabid and our

Mr. Matejka explained that when there is a rabies epidemic in : bearded buggerlugs got twenty-one needles stuck into him -an area, the fox population is usually decimated due to their low poetic justice vis-a-vis the poor skunk. His belly looked like antolerance of the virus. In some counties there is a high incidence over-used dartboard when the medico finished with him.of rabies in skunks. This is primarily due to the mild winter we " He who laughs last laughs loudest! WDVhad in 1979 which allowed easy mo_'ement from one area to ' The above incident happened to my colleague inour-Health

another, resulting in a higher density of skunks in some counties. Unit sub,office, though it is written in the first person. It pointsTo further understand how the rabies virus can be dispersed up the hazards of the job to which we are all subjected to from

from one area to another, collars containing radio transmitters time to time. !

PG. 14 ONTARIO BRANCH NEWSIFALL 1980

Information exchangeGASTRONINTESTINAL ILLNESS FROM SOY PROTEIN .diarrhoea. She noted that no unpleasant or'unusual taste had

' EXTENDER been associated with the lobster, but that the episode hasIn the July 1980 (Vol 43, No. 7) issue of the JOurnal of Food effectively discouraged her from samplinff this delicacy-again.

Protection, an investigation reported by Gunn, Taylor, and EXPLANATIONGangarosa, stated that in July and August 1976 "an outbreak of The internal digestive organs of the lobster vary in colour andacute gastrointestinal illness occurred among :persons Who had quantity in direct proportion to the quantity of food taken in by,consumed a commercially marketed.soy protein tunafi'sh salad the animal during the previous few days. The colour can varyextender." Three hundred and fifty households reported 508 from a brown through a red to a deep green colour, the latterpersons ill within one hour after eating the salad extender, indicating that the lobster was feeding very recently. ThePrincipal symptoms were ','nausea (91 percent), abdomihal material is contained in the ;cavity anterior to the tail, andcramps (71 percent), diarrhea (53 percent), headache (42 underneath the single hard carapace. If this material is present;percent), difficulty breathing (36 percent), and vomiting (22 it might be released when the tail is detached, colouring thepercent)".' To determine the possible cause of illness. the normallywhite or pinkish meat of that section'..In 'addition, in themanufacturer and volunteers eat the tunafish salad extender, ventral C'underside") portion of the tail the single intestinal

• and then,the single ingredients thereof. The results implicated tube ("vein") may also be a green colour and in thinsinstancethe texturized soy protein ingredient of the product. "The may have added to the overall aesthetically unpleasant picttire.findings in this study demonstrated that consumption of textured The judgement on such a Iobster'would be that this is not ofsoy protein may elicit an adverse gastrointestinfil reponse in a public health significance, no pathogenic condition is present,smfill but significant number of individuals, especially those with and the lobster cannot be considered unfit for humana history of 'allergy'. .... consumption. The illness reported by the complainant is possibly

STERILIZEDMILKIS ON THE SHELV_ES due to a common feeling of revulsion when it is realized that we• ' " have eaten an unfamiliar and unpleasant-looking material.• A .revolutionary concept which was attempted in 1968 by

Nelson's Dairy Ltd. of Toronto will again try to gain acceptanceof the consumers. The buying public rejected sterilized milk in1968, but Dominion Dairies Ltd. of Toronto is pretty sure that the EM PLOYM ENT OPPO RTU NITYconsumer is ready for it this time. The milk will.appear under the BRUCECOUNTY HEALTH UNITSealtest brand, but will be processed and packaged by Korman's ,req uires aDair3_ Ltd of Timmins, an independent custom racker. Qualified Public Health Inspector _:If you or any.other coUeagues'have Sterilized milk in their ,

area, let us knowof your experience wit:, it. ie. shelf life, • Car is requiredtransportation durability (leaks, and lab reports.) • Usual benefits offeredDONUTSTOOHOT

- - [Appeared in the Oshawa times May 28 1980] • Salary un_ler review':_Failing to keep his ChoColateeclairs lc601edproperly meant a. ;'_ Send resume to$500 fine for a city doughnut store owner in Oshawa provincial Harold Rankin CPHI (C)court. . Director of Public Health InspectorsSperos Boutzis, 46, owner of Mama's_Donuts. 44 Bond St. W.,pleaded guilty to the charge under the Public Health Act and was Bruce County Health Unit . =told to pay the fine or spend two months in jail. BOX248,

A public health inspector said he visited the shop on four Walkorton, Ont.occasions between SePt. 26, 1979 and March 27, 1980 and found IqOG 2VOthe refrigerated display case, containing cream-filled pastries,

was not working. The temperature was 70 degrees F., not 41_ the ,lilt spirit teammaximum allowed by law.Editor's,Note: The PHI in question was,Jacq_ues PerreaulL Good Continued from page 4 ,Work! SUBMITTED BY ROBERT SKELDING CPH (C) himself out by playing rover. He is the guy that literally roves

around the field. John lost ten pounds.

Green lobster Jaok MacKinnon, pitch_er for the team. challenged otherpitchers to follow his example of high arched balls and accuracy

BY TIM SLY CPHI (C) ._ in covering the base.-an unusual complaint .... _ _.... And then there was the first base man Klaus _Seeger.

Last week, a1complaint was received fr0m a citizen'who" had He dressed in torn denims and heavy work socks pulled upordered a whole lobster at a local-restaurant. She"detached the over his pant legs. With that get-up the other teams figured himtail, aridbegan to eat it. After having takeh a t'e_iforkfulls of the for a non-player; but'.his action on first base kept the scores formeat, she noticed that iitstead of pinkishlwl_ite flesh, the meat the other teams down.on her plate Wascoloured by a dai'k-green sticky fluid. At this Phil Paquette picked up a tidy habit of hitting home runs andpoint, she complained to the management, who claimed that this Jim Moon, that fiesty little guy.gave regular lectures on how wewas not unusual, without giving her a'satisfactory explanation., blew the last tuning and a|most took on the umpire in a disputeThe complainant seized what she could of the lobster (the over sliding into home. He wasn't the slider.carapace and head - leaving behind the tail), and left the The Huron team is already planninglfor next year's tourneyrestaurant. She contacted the.Health Unit with information that and has made room in .their Goderich office for the trophy. Ifwithin ¾ of an hour of having eaten part Ofthe_lobster meat, she tb ere had been a trophy for the most congenial team or best

_ f had experience nausea, some Vomiting'and, the next day, a little spirited team Huron would have itsitting in their office this year.

ON_rARIOBRANCH NEWS/FALL 1980PG. 15

Running at both ends

The not so simple sampleA recent study conducted by Dr. J.H. Silliker, and colleagues, " fact, unless the material has been well homogenized after o

publishe_l in the Journal of Food Protection (I) attempted to inoculation, the chances are that only a small portion of thedetermine the effectiveness of three methods of coliform surface area, or a small "zonewithin the total volume will actuallycounting in food products. Fifteen laboratories using eight have been incubating and supporting the growth of bacteria. An ,different types of inoculated food were involved and the results excellent analog here is the blood-agar plate. The ,contam-were evaluated using advanced statistical methods for ination of part of the surface of the medium is easily 'seen todetermining the most probable number of coliform present did support the growth of bacteria after incubation for 24 hours, butnot differ appreciably. Significant variation, however, was noted the remainder of that surface area remains virtually sterilebetween laboratories in the study. The data also revealed that unless specifically inoculated. In taking a representative samplewith respect to variation within a given laboratory, variation of a food product, therefore, it is probably better to take largebetween replicate aliquots (samples) is overwhelmingly the most number of small samples fromthe surface and the center of theimportant sorce of error, food in question.

"The two problems of considerable magnitude confound. Chance alone may dictate whether any organisms at all wereadministration of microbiological specifications for foods. The found, and that chance may be made mole favourable by .theflint rdates to the difficulty in obtaining a sample which is truly taking of a mixed or multiple sample such as this. A furtherrepresentative of the lot in question and thesecond relates to the significance must be recognized: --that of the interpretation oflmeven distribution of micro-organisms within the sample unit the numbers of organisms recovered from any one sample. Atlm_ented to the laboratory for analysis." best, a single result can be taken as a relative quantity and

In addition, it is unlikely that the precision observed in the should not be the basis for definitive inference as to the numberstudy for (1) taking representative samples, and (2) of organismstobe expected throughout the food being sampled.homogenizing those samples to achieve uniformity, is everactually achieved in routine analysis of food products.This study, it seems to me, emphasizes the need for careful I. Silliker, J.H., "ICMSF Methods Studies. XI. Collaborative/consideration when taking a food sample of any sort. A batch or Comparative Studies on Dertcrmination of Coliforms using' the"lump of food is MOST UNLIKELY TO HAVE ORGANISMS Most Probably Number Procedure," Journal of Food Protection,UNIFORMLYDISTRIBUTEDTHROUGHOUTITS VOLUME. In August 1979, Volume 42, No. 8, Pages 638 to 644.

Where-are you?Most of you reading this issue will be getting back to the old

grind with the summer holidays ending. Hopefully everyone had Westernagood summer. Let yourpublication,the OntarioBranchNewsknow wha_ new, exciting and unusual events, (personal or KITCHENER WATERLOO REGIONALHEALTH UNITprofessional) happened during the last three months. Summer Ledley Coates CPHI (C)alwaysbrings unusual situations that have to be solved. Summer had a shadow accompany him during imspections of two areamakes us want to forget deadlines and that is the prime reason restaurants. The shadow was a reporter form CKCO-TV inwhy there is little new's about our colleagues. Kitchener. Chief Public Health Inspector George Stnblm also

was interviewed during the program.South Western

JlolmCoutta has replaced Sid Hester as Chief Public Health OntarioInspector with the Kent-Chatham Health Unit. Mr. Hester Fourteen Health Unit teams from around b.ltario survived theretired earlier this year. T.S. Johnson,Senior Public Health Sixth Annual _Ball Tournament held in Ottawa. SurvivorsInspector with the same agency, retiri_Oa_ter 43 years in public included members from: Peel Regional, Toronto, Hamilton.health, 20 of these in Kent-Chatham. Wentworth Regional, Durham Regional, Nlagm Regional,

Eastern u,,m,, C/ounty, Sudbury, District, Leeds Grenville and Laaadk,Federal Medical Services, North York, Etobiocke, Slmeoe

Congratulations, Joe McNamee on your wedding. Joe took. County, Ottawa-Cadeton Regional, and Muskoka Parry Sound.the big step on June 21 at 2 p.m. and was married to Theresa The Ottawa te_m emerged as the overall winners on theClancy. Everyone fromthe office wishes you the best in your new diamond and participation in the social events.endeavour. Don't forget to - send your news tidbits to your area

The quarterly staff meeiting of the Ottawa--Carleton Health CORRESPONDENTCHAIRMEN:Northern Area Bud O'DonnellUnit was held on June 19, 1980. The meeting opened with a talk at the Sudbu_ryand District H.U.; Central _ Paul Mclnnis atfrom Mr. H.:Tremblay of Emergency Measures Organization, at the Grey-Owen Sound H.U.; Eutem Area, Tom Steward, at thewhich time he showed a film on the Earthquake in California. It Ottawa-Carleton H.U.; South-weStern Area, Hem,y _; atshowed how emergency organizations were required to clean up the Halton Regional H.U.; MetroToronto, Pamela Cook, at thethe aftermath, and treat people that were hur_. Much discussion Tar.o_o H.U.: Western Area, Tim Sly or Peter Reaburn at thewas generated. London H.U.

/

Givethis applicationform to a fellow Pltl _:PG. 16 ONTARIO BRANCH NEWS/FALL 1980_ APPLICATION FORM andaskhim to join today. .,

./

CANADIAN INSTITUTEOF PUBLICHEALTHINSPECTORSIncorporated

MI]KIBG]__..,I, . :. _ .. HIJt,! Affi'_ ZAIlAI_ ""sl_aJg'r,tnY--rnlg_omm,'! , mmctmvESECa1_Anr'_

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I herebymakeapplicationfor ActiveMembership( ), Student Membership( ) in the CanadianInstituteof ,;PublicHealthInspectors.Thisapplicationimpliesthat membershipis to continueuntil resignationistendered,oruntil ;:membershipisdiscontinuedunderthe conditionscontainedin the By-lawsof theInstitute.

Name...... ............................................................................. ,..... ,............. -...............................................Surname Printnamein full Christiannames

Address .......................... . .................................. .....................................................................................(for correspondence)/

Date of Application ................ . ...... :...... :............... :.... Date of Birth ...........................................................

Positions Hei d ................................. :... ................................... . ...... ................. '........................... _;............ i.

"... '

•-_ ,_ , ,

Present d_iploying agency Present Position .................. .......... ..................... . ......

Oua)JhcalJons(Education, Diplomas and Certificates Held, etc.) (Give Dates and Certificate Numbers)t

C.P.H.I. (C.)Certificaie Number .... .............................. Date " /

• • , "_¢k-_.

...................... . ....................... , .............................................................................................. , ........ ,,..,.,."/

.......... - ............................................................................................. •........... , ..................... , .......... , ..........

...................................................................................................... , ............... •................ , .... •..................

! enclose $25.00 in payment of one year's Regular membership-fees. ,I"7! enclose $2.00 in paymentof oneyear'sSTUDENTmembershipfees. []Ienclose$30.00in paymentof one year'sfeesas anew member.* []

Date of Application Signature .......................... _........... . ...................

• New Member - one who has never been a regular member.

For Branch Use

1recommendthat the aboveapplicantbe acceptedlor membershipin the Institute.

Date ...................................... Branch....... '.................... :.... Signature............................. .........................(BranchOfficer)

For National Uset

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, :' CanadianInstituteof PublicHealthInspectors.

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Certificateand LapelButton'ivlailedto ... ......................................................................................................

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I

Every year the Public HealthProfession assemble to partake in J .an educationalconference. '

WELCOMETO THE-\

" in'e

HolidayInn, Kingston,Ont.Hosted by:

.Kingston_.Frontenac,Lennoxand lddington Health Unit -

Enioy, leorn, ond meet new friends

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii_ii_ .

OTTAWA HEALTH UNIT --:Ch-ampionsfor1980.Theywon the tournamentand hosted , -a greatweekend. (PhotobySeegero)•