CITY OF LINCOLN FIRE DEPARTMENT

West Sacramento Fire Department Fire Prevention Bureau

HIGHRISE BUILDING STANDARD

Page 1 of 30 updated last 06/12/2017

SCOPE The highrise standards set forth in this article shall be enforced by the Fire Department and the Building Department. These standards shall apply to all new buildings which have floors used for human occupancy located more than 75 feet above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access. Nothing within these standards implies to, or precludes the requirements as set forth by the California Building Code, State of California, CCR T-24, or other nationally recognized Standards CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE A) No Certificate of Occupancy shall be issued for a highrise building, unless a Certificate of Compliance, as described herein, is first issued. The Certificate of Compliance must be signed by the Building Official and the Chief of the Fire Department prior to issuance. B) The following elements of the life safety system shall be installed in accordance with approved plans and specifications and shall be tested, certified and proved to be in proper working condition to the satisfaction of the Building Department and Fire Department before issuance of the Certificate of Compliance.

1. Automatic Sprinkler and Standpipe Systems (page 3) 2. *Smoke Detection and Control (page 5) 3. *Fire Alarm and Communication System (page 11) 4. Central Control Station Fire Command Center (page 16) 5. Elevators (page 20) 6. *Standby Power, Light and Emergency Systems (page 21) 7. *Seismic Considerations (page 25) 8. *Enclosed stairway pressurization systems (page 25) 9. *Firefighter Phone and Voice Communication Systems (page 26) 10. Fire apparatus access roadways (page 26) 11. Fire Equipment rooms (page 26) 12. *Fire Department Breathing Air System (page 28) 13. Fire Pump (page 29) 14. 800 Mhz Radio Communications (page 30) 15. Emergency Helistops (page 30)

NOTE: The items indicated by asterisk (*) shall be certified in writing to the Building Department by the engineer/installer to be in proper condition before Certificate of Compliance will be issued.




When any portion of the life safety system or fire sprinkler system is required to be disconnected, in whole or part, for testing or repair, the Fire Department shall be notified prior to disconnection and commencement of any work performed. All applicable requirements in Titles 19 and 24, California Administrative Code and the 2016 California Building Code, 2016 California Fire Code and NFPA shall also apply. C) Highrise building, floor or area shall not be used or occupied by the building owner(s) or representative(s) for the purpose of tours, parties, conferences or similar functions which guests (public or private) will attend prior to the issuance of a Certificate of Occupancy, unless approved in writing in advance by the Building Department and the Fire Department. REVOCATION OF CERTIFICATE OF OCCUPANCY/COMPLIANCE The Certificate of Compliance and Occupancy may be revoked at any time when the authority having jurisdiction has determined that the life safety system described in the Certificate of Compliance has been damaged, altered or in some manner disrupted so as to interfere with or not allow the transmission of any signaling device to the building occupants or monitoring station, or that all fire-rated walls, openings, and ceilings are not properly maintained. PLANS Six complete set of plans (1/8” scale) shall be submitted and approved before any work is started on the life safety system. All equipment and devices for the life safety system shall be listed and approved by the State Fire Marshal’s Office. All listings shall be submitted with the plans. The plans shall include but not be limited to the following:

1. Fire pump and associated equipment. 2. Fire Sprinkler system underground piping and all controls. 3. Location of all equipment in the fire pump room with electrical,

fueling and fuel storage requirements. 4. Auxiliary water supply location, size, controls and piping 5. Plans shall include all architectural features that affect the operation

of the particular life safety system. Each room shall be identified by its use.

6. All doors shall show direction of swing. 7. Generator and fuel supply location 8. Location and type of all equipment in the Central Control Station

Fire Command Center. 9. Location of all fire alarm and communication devices, including but

not limited to the initiating and signaling devices




10. Location of all two-way communication outlets for fire department use as required in Section 403.5.3 of the 20 CBC California Building Code and the Firefighter Phone and Voice Communication Systems of this Standard.

11. Location of all Exit signage 12. Location and configuration of all fire equipment rooms 13. Special extinguishing systems and controls.

AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEM AND STANDPIPE SYSTEMS Fire Suppression Systems Fire suppression systems shall not provide connections for non-fire items. All components of fire suppression systems shall be listed for their use. Secondary Supply In addition to the main water supply, a secondary on-site supply of water equal to the total standpipe demand at duration of 30 minutes shall be provided. The standpipe design shall be 500 gpm at the most remote standpipe, plus 250 gallons for every additional standpipe. Design shall be per the requirements of NFPA 14. This secondary supply shall be automatically available if the principal supply fails. The water supply used to comply with this requirement shall be designed and installed based on the requirements of NFPA 22 and its appendix. A fill device shall be installed to automatically maintain the required water supply. The tank shall automatically refill whenever the volume of the tank is less than 105% of the required capacity.

A. Open type reservoirs, pools, fountains, or wells shall not be used as the on-site water supply.

B. Only approved corrosion resistant type tanks shall be permitted.

C. The on-site water supply shall be provided with trouble indicators and shall

be interconnected to the Life Safety Control Panel. The following alarms shall be audibly and visually indicated at the Life Safety Control Panel as a separate zone:

1. Water temperature below 40 deg F 2. Return of water temperature to 40 deg F 3. Water level 3” below normal 4. Water level above normal 5. Return of water level to normal 6. Pressure in tank 10 psi below normal




7. Pressure in tank 10 psi above normal

D. The authority having jurisdiction shall approve locations of auxiliary water tanks and controls.

E. Water tank shall be periodically inspected, tested, and maintained in accordance with the requirements of N.F.P.A 25, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water Based Fire Protection Systems.

Locations of auxiliary water tanks and controls shall be approved by the authority having jurisdiction. Fire Department Connections A minimum of two (2) separate Fire Department Connections (FDC) shall be provided for every highrise building and shall be interconnected. Each connection shall have the required number of inlets. The number of inlets shall be determined by the most demanding riser requirement. One inlet shall be required for every 250 gallons required. Riser supply piping shall be a minimum of 6” for demands of 750 gpm to 1250 gpm and 8” for all systems demands above 1250 gpm. The second required FDC shall be provided at a remote location from the principal Fire Department Connection. Both FDC and their piping shall be interconnected so that in the event one becomes disabled or unavailable, the other can be engaged, and/or used simultaneously. Piping of both FDC shall be arranged so that the water supply shall enter the discharge side of the fire pump. Each connection shall have the required number of inlets necessary for the designed water demand. Sizing of the piping shall not be reduced and shall meet the provisions of the 1997 CBC Standard 9-2, Standpipe Systems. Fire Department Connections shall be located not less than twenty-five (25) feet or more than fifty (50) feet from a fire hydrant and not more than thirty (30) feet from a paved roadway. FDC shall not be placed within an alley, nor shall they be less than 150 feet apart.

A. Location of FDC shall be approved by the Fire Department

B. Additional fire hydrants shall be installed as required by the Fire Department in order to satisfy the conditions of this section.




C. FDC shall be located in a manner so that they are not subject to damage. When FDC are in a location which could subject them to damage, a means shall be provided to protect the connection.

Standpipe Outlets

Standpipe outlets shall be placed on the intermediate landing of each stairway landing. Landings shall be sized to allow the standpipe outlet does not interfere with the required stairway width as required by the 2016 CBC.

Standpipe systems shall be an automatic wet system Class 1. NFPA 14 section 5.2.

Standpipe outlet pressure limitations shall meet NFPA 14 section 7.2 A pressure gauge with a minimum scale from zero (0) to three-hundred (300) psi shall be installed at the connection from the riser to the outlet to monitor the actual pressure being delivered at the location. A mean for testing each standpipe outlet shall be provided. Temporary Fire Pump and Standpipes During construction, when standpipes exceed 20 floors (or 275 feet) a temporary or permanent pump shall be installed and connected at that level and be available for Fire Department use. A manual switch shall be provided at the ground level at an approved location for manual control of the pump. The riser shall have the required number of Fire Department Connections. SMOKE DETECTION AND CONTROL Remote Indicators Duct or area detectors used for plenum detection, when located in areas which are not readily visible, shall have a remote visual indicator installed in the ceiling visible from the floor area and adjacent to the detector. This shall include all duct smoke detectors. Alternate locations for remote indicators shall be approved by the authority having jurisdiction prior to installation. Group R, Division 1, Room Detectors Individual room detectors of Group R, Division 1 Occupancies shall be monitored with an approved annunciator panel. This panel shall be located in an area that is supervised twenty-four (24) hours per day by competent and experienced personnel. This system may be inter-connected to the building’s Fire Alarm




System but shall not cause a signal re-transmission of alarm and shall not initiate the building’s evacuation signals. EXCEPTION: When the annunciator panel is not monitored twenty-four (24) hours a day by personnel, an approved Central Station shall be used to notify an authorized person(s) of the owner’s choice as approved by the Fire Department. Fire Separation Doors All roll down type fire separation doors shall be equipped with listed and approved gear driven electric motors. The power shall be supplied from the emergency standby system. Non-Fire Rated Corridors Where exception #4 and #6 of CBC Section 1004.3.4.3 (g) are to be used, the smoke detection system shall be interconnected to the buildings main fire alarm control panel for that zone and shall initiate all evacuation signals and equipment for smoke removal system. Smoke Removal

A. Smoke control and removal systems for products of combustion shall be provided for all mechanically ventilated spaces. Smoke control shall be provided by maintaining pressure differences across the smoke barriers between the zone of the fire origin and adjacent smoke zones. Smoke removal shall be provided in the zone of fire origin as required to meet the test criteria of Mechanical Ventilation Testing, but in no case shall the smoke removal rate be less than six (6) air changes per hour in all spaces. Smoke control and removal systems shall provide smoke control and removal in two separate smoke zones at the same time when operating on either the primary or emergency standby power systems. As a minimum, all floors shall be designed as separate smoke zones. Street floor lobbies shall be designed as a separate smoke zone from adjacent spaces at adjoining floor levels.

B. The interior air circulation system (H.V.A.C.) may be used provided such system, under fire conditions, exhausts at a minimum of six (6) complete air changes per hour. Such systems shall be exhausted directly to the outside of the building. System shall be so designed that the minimum required air change can be achieved in two separate smoke removal zones at the same time during normal and emergency standby power conditions. The minimum required six (6) air exchanges is intended to be a minimum starting design point, and does not suggest that this minimum




air flow is sufficient to provide this ordinance. Additional air changes may be necessary to provide the necessary results.

C. Fire Detection and Control Systems: Fire detection devices and control systems used for mechanical smoke systems shall be supervised. Supervision shall include positive confirmation of required automatic or manual actuation of all required devices. Confirmation shall be enabled for testing purposes or manual override activity. Presence of power, for all related motors, shall be supervised down stream of all disconnection means. This shall not preclude the disconnect requirements of NEC 430-102.

Smoke Removal Openings All smoke removal systems shall be designed to remove smoke directly out of the building. All exhausted smoke openings shall be located so that smoke will not be re-circulated into that building or any other building. Systems shall be so designed and installed to eliminate smoke entering any main air duct, plenum, or shaft not used for smoke removal. Designed by Licensed Mechanical Engineer All smoke removal systems shall be designed by a licensed mechanical engineer registered in the State of California. Mechanical Ventilation Testing Smoke removal systems shall be tested with a suitable product to verify the capability of the system to perform its intended design. The acceptance test will be performed by pressure and velocity testing using chemical smoke, tracer gas or various combinations of these methods. All chemical smoke products used shall be approved by the authority having jurisdiction. Test Criteria for Smoke Removal Systems The test criteria for removal of smoke shall be as follows:

1) Test area(s) shall be selected by the authority having jurisdiction.

2) The Heating Ventilation Air Conditioning (H.V.A.C.) System(s) shall be in the “OFF” mode.

3) Chemical smoke shall be introduced to the test area until a density of

smoke is equal to one cubic foot of smoke per cubic foot of floor area.




4) The H.V.A.C. system(s) shall be placed in the “ON” position.

5) All devices shall be checked for proper function.

6) Smoke density shall be reduced to make exit signs and the paths of egress clearly visible within ten (10) minutes.

7) All adjacent areas shall be inspected to assure that smoke has not

migrated.

8) Systems shall also be tested under emergency power to assure compliance in the automatic mode.

Fire-Damper Temperature Rating Selection of fire damper temperature ratings and other damper control temperature ratings shall be so that smoke removal is not impaired. A. Dampers shall have a minimum smoke rating of Class II as per the

requirements of the 2016 CBC Section 713.10 and 713.11.

B. Where equipment is used for smoke removal and located in the air stream, such as air ducts, or plenum ceiling areas, the devices used shall have a temperature rating equal to, or greater than, the maximum working temperature that could be encountered under removal conditions. These devices shall include, but not be limited to, motorized dampers, air-volume controls, pneumatic piping and wiring.

Smoke Removal Activation Smoke control and removal systems shall be activated by all initiating devices except manual pull stations.

A. Stairway pressurization shall be activated by any initiating device including manual pull stations.

B. Individual guestroom smoke detectors of R-1 occupancies shall not activate smoke removal systems.

Smoke System Controls A control panel shall be provided for the control of all fans and dampers associated with the life safety system and shall be located in the Fire Command Center. Control shall be achieved by three position switches (on, off, and automatic). The ON position shall be capable of manually turning on any desired




individual piece of equipment. The OFF position shall be capable of turning off any desired individual piece of equipment. The automatic position will automatically put into operation all fans and dampers necessary for the smoke removal system.

A. Every supply fan system

B. Every return/exhaust fan system

C. Every supply damper zone

D. Every return/exhaust damper zone No other control switches are permitted with these fans or dampers. Switches shall be kept in the automatic position to allow automatic operation of the engineered smoke management system. No switches or devices shall be capable of overriding the controls for the fans or dampers, while in emergency mode, (alarm) except those listed in A, B, C, and D above that area located in the Fire Command Center. These switches shall not preclude the disconnecting means requirement of Section 430-102 of the National Electrical Code (NEC) All desired fans shall be fully operational within 60 seconds from the time that the alarm device(s) have been initiated, or when fan control switch(es), listed above, have been manually activated. All dampers shall reach the desired position within 15 seconds. All times listed above shall include status confirmation in Fire Command Center. Fan Override Controls Each supply and return fan associated with the smoke removal system shall be provided with its own control switch. This switch shall be a three position switch located in the Fire Command Center and capable of providing the following functions

1) Automatic start or stop of all fans.

2) Manual start or stop of all fans. Each control switch and its indicating lights shall be clearly labeled as required in the Visual Display section. Systems shall be installed so that the override control switches can be manually taken out of the automatic position and put in any other position or back into automatic without requiring any portion of the life safety system to be reset.




Damper Override Controls Each supply and exhaust damper shall be provided with a re-operable fire/smoke damper operator control switch. This switch shall be a three position switch located in the Fire Command Center and capable of providing the following functions:

1) Automatic positioning of all dampers required to achieve the desired smoke removal system.

2) Manually opening and closing of any desired damper.

3) Each control switch and its indicating lights shall be clearly labeled.

4) Dampers shall fully open and/or close within 60 seconds of activation.

5) Fire status condition shall be overridden in emergency condition and shall

not hinder the operation or cause premature closure of the damper. The system shall be installed so that the override control switches can be manually taken out of the automatic position and put in any other position or back into automatic without requiring any portion of the life safety system to be reset. Visual Display Each control switch shall be provided with a visual indicator to verify the position or function of that unit or device. Damper indicators shall indicate damper position. This shall be accomplished by a positive contact on the damper blade. Indicator shall be grouped with the switch. All fan indicators shall indicate fan mode. This shall be accomplished by a device(s) located in the air stream that will positively sense the presence or lack of air in the air stream. Fans, Dampers and Controls All fans, dampers and their controls, associated with the smoke removal system, shall be on the emergency standby power systems. This shall include the compressor(s) that supply air for the Variable Air Volume control.




Panel Arrangement The control panel for this system shall be arranged so the fan control and damper control switches are not intermixed with each other or any other control or annunciating device within the Fire Alarm Control Panel(s). Smoke Removal Plans A graphic illustration of the smoke removal system for the building shall be provided and posted adjacent to the control panel that shows the following:

1) Location of all fans, their function and areas served

2) Location of all dampers, their function and areas served

3) All fans and dampers shall be labeled on the riser detail so that they correspond directly to the labeling of the control switches.

4) Controls for fan operation in atriums shall comply with this Section.

FIRE ALARM AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM Every high-rise building shall be provided with a fire alarm and communications system that is electrically supervised per the requirements of NFPA 72 and the Fire Department Fire Alarm Standard. Fire alarm and communication system shall be approved and listed by the California State Fire Marshal and shall consist of the following:

1) Local Alarm System 2) Public Address System 3) Fire Department Communication System

The systems shall be designed and installed so that damage to any terminal unit or speaker will not render the system inoperative. Use of the two way communication shall not require the system to be acknowledged or send a trouble or supervisory signal when activated. The local alarm, public address systems, and Fire Department Communication system may be a combined system when approved by the Fire Department. In a combined system, the sounding of a fire alarm signal in any given area or floor shall not prohibit voice communication to other areas of floors. Combination




systems shall be designed to permit voice transmission to override the fire alarm signal. Local Alarm The local alarm system shall employ approved sounding devices. The sounding devices shall automatically transmit and shall have a distinctive tone and shall be arranged to emit intermittent, prolonged or continuous sound signals for a full period of 10 seconds. Immediately following the alarm transmission, an intermission or period of silence of five (5) seconds shall occur before the signal is repeated. This functional sequence shall continue until manually terminated in the Command Center. In no case shall such manual operation be arranged to cause termination in less than three (3) minutes. Manual controls for emergency voice/alarm communications shall be arranged to provide a visible indication of the on/off status for their associated evacuation zones. Public Address System Speakers of signaling devices used to sound the local or fire alarm shall be so located as to be clearly heard by all occupants on the floor where activated, one (1) floor above, and two (2) floors below, except as may be otherwise necessary. Devices for the hearing impaired (strobes) shall be installed, at a minimum, in all public restrooms and adjacent to all illuminated exit signs. A manual override for emergency communication shall be provided for all paging zones. The public address communication system shall operate from the Fire Command Center. It shall be established on a selective or general basis as outlined in section 1006.2.12.2.3 of the 2016 CFC and located per the following: A. Elevator machine rooms B. In all corridors located within ten (10) feet of the exit doors and not more than

100 feet apart. C. Within exit stairways, at least every 3rd level D. Elevator cars E. Elevator lobbies F. Rooms and tenant spaces exceeding 1,000 sq. feet in area G. Dwelling units in apartment houses H. Hotel guest rooms or suites I. Rooms or areas not occupied on a regular basis such as mechanical rooms,

fire pump rooms, emergency generator rooms, elevator equipment rooms and/or similar areas




J. Public (common) areas K. Commercial kitchens L. Mechanical rooms M. Room areas N. Attached parking structures O. Any other similar remote area Visual Notification Devices for the hearing impaired (Strobes) shall be installed in the following areas:

A. Restrooms B. Corridors C. Music practice rooms D. Band rooms E. Gymnasiums F. Multi-purpose rooms G. Occupation shops and maintenance areas H. Rooms where ambient noise impairs hearing of the fire alarm I. Lobbies J. Meeting rooms K. Adjacent to all illuminated exit signs L. Any other area of common use

Fire Department Communication System A supervised two-way communication system shall be provided for Fire Department use. An operator’s telephone headset, with one earpiece, shall be permanently connected to the console with an approved cord of sufficient length to reach all controls and annunciating devices within the Fire Command Center. It shall operate between the Fire Command Center and every connection device(s) at the following locations:

On each side of the exit stairway door

Mechanical equipment rooms

On the exterior of the emergency generator room door

Every Fire Department equipment storage room

On the exterior of the Fire pump room

When the travel distance to a fireman’s phone jack exceeds 200 hundred feet in travel distance, a phone jack outlet shall be placed midway between the two points at an approved location

The design and layout of the loudspeaker audible notification appliance should be arranged such that they do interfere with the operations of the emergency




response personnel. Speakers in the vicinity shall be located as to not cause audio feedback when the system microphone is used. In addition, circuits for paging zones and telephone zones shall be separated, shielded, or otherwise arranged to prevent audio cross talk between circuits.

Fire Alarm System Operation Upon activation of any automatic suppression system, and/or any alarm initiating device, the automatic local alarm audible and/or visual signals as required shall sound on the floor where activated, one floor above and below the floor in alarm and all elevator cars and stairways. In addition an audible and visual signal shall be transmitted to the Fire Command Center. Other areas in which the local alarm shall sound shall include all public areas, common use areas, kitchens, mechanical rooms roof areas, attached parking structures and all remote areas not normally occupied including those areas or rooms for service of the building including but not limited to mechanical and equipment rooms. The actuation of any device required by this Article shall place into operation all equipment necessary to prevent the recirculation of smoke and shall place in operation all equipment required for the removal of smoke. EXCEPTION: Manual fire alarm sending stations shall not activate the smoke removal system. High Noise Level In areas of high noise levels or where amplified sound is employed, such as bars, nightclubs, dance clubs, occupancies with stages, raised platforms and ballrooms, or any other similar areas of high noise levels, a device shall be installed in the power supply of the noise producing or amplifying equipment to interrupt all power to the equipment when any fire alarm device is activated. Wiring All signaling line circuits (SLC) shall be Class A Style 6 on floor laterals and Class A Style 7 on risers, Notification Appliance Circuits (NAC) shall be Class A Style Z with two circuits for speakers per floor, alternating between devices, strobes may be on a single circuit and all initiating device circuits (IDC) shall be Class A Style D per the requirements of NFPA 72. Plans shall clearly indicate the class and style of system. Minimum Required Zones




Each Fire Sprinkler Control Valve and Water Flow Detecting Device shall be considered separate zones

EXCEPTION: Control valves in fire pump room.

Smoke detection zones and manual pull station zones shall be annunciated separately Smoke detectors located in ducts or plenums shall be annunciated separately from ceiling detectors Parking garages shall have each floor zoned separately.

Fire Alarm Annunciator Panel A. The fire alarm annunciator panel shall be a graphic illustration of the building

elevation as viewed from the main entrance and shall be of sufficient size to exhibit the follow features clearly:

1) All floor levels, to include below grade, mezzanines 2) All stairways to include the upper and lower terminus of each stair 3) All elevator banks and floors served 4) All fire equipment storage rooms 5) Fire Command Center 6) Fire pump(s) location 7) Generator(s) location

B. The fire alarm annunciator panel shall also visually display the alarm, trouble and supervisory signals for each type of device listed below immediately adjacent to the floor, area or zone the devices are serving. When zones are divided, they shall be displayed separately. Each zone shall display, but not be limited to the following:

1) Every smoke detection zone 2) Every duct detection zone 3) Each waterflow alarm and control valve tamper zone 4) Each manual pull station zone 5) Each heat detection zone 6) Each type of fire suppression system 7) Each type of special detection device (i.e. air sampling system)

Annunciation Panel Graphics




An illustration of the ground floor shall be provided. The graphic shall be of sufficient size to accommodate any lettering and be clearly legible. This shall not be an annunciation device, but shall show the following items: 1. Location of stairway and/or corridor systems to the exterior of the building 2. All elevator lobbies 3. Location of Fire Command Center 4. All fire hydrant location around the perimeter of the building that was shown

for fire flow requirements for the site 5. Fire department connection locations for standpipe supply 6. Standpipe hose valve locations 7. CO2 system connection and vault (when provided) 8. Piped are system inlet location and on site air storage locations 9. Emergency generator and fire pump fuel fill locations 10. Main electric room 11. Fire alarm control panel and annunciator locations

Auxiliary Supervised Annunciation An auxiliary electrically supervised annunciation panel shall be installed in the Fire Command Center to monitor the Fire Pump(s) and Emergency/Standby Generator(s) for trouble and supervisory conditions. When a sub panel is installed to monitor the condition of a piece of equipment, it shall be interconnected to the main fire alarm control panel to indicate a trouble condition. Smoke Removal Control Panel A graphic illustrated control panel for the smoke removal system shall be installed with the following controls and show the location of the following items:

Controls:

Fan control switches & indicator lights

Damper control switches & indicator lights

Stair pressurization fan controls & indicator lights

Locations:

All smoke removal fans, duct work and area(s) served

Stair pressurization fan(s) locations FIRE COMMAND CENTER Every highrise building shall be provided with a Fire Command Center at a location approved by the Fire Department. The Fire Command Center shall be separated from the remainder of the building by not less than two-hour fire resistive construction with all openings protected by assemblies having a




minimum fire resistive rating of one and one-half (1 ½) hours. Fire Command Center shall be so constructed to limit water from entering due to leakage or fire suppression activity. Room Size The Fire Command Center shall not be less than two hundred (200) square feet of floor area with no dimension less than ten (10) feet. The ceiling height shall be a minimum of eight (8) feet. Working Clearance A minimum working clearance shall comply with requirements of NFPA 70, section 110-26 (National Electrical Code 110-26). Room Identification The Fire Command Center shall be permanently identified with an approved sign with red letters and a contrasting background. Letters shall be at lease two (2) inches high with a minimum of 1/4" stroke. This sign shall be permanently fixed to the entry door or attached to the wall adjacent to the door and state “Fire Command Center”. Emergency Supply Circuits The required supply circuits for the equipment in the Fire Command Center shall be supplied from the building’s emergency standby power system and these circuits shall supply no other outlets, devices, or equipment. Room Illumination and Emergency Supply Circuits The Fire Command Center shall be provided with permanent lighting, adequate to see all life safety equipment. The Fire Command Center lighting shall be supplied from the building’s emergency standby power system, and these circuits shall supply no other outlets, devices, or equipment. Remote Status Alarm Indication Remote status indication shall be required at ground floor entrances into all enclosed stairways. Status may be indicated by a remote annunciator panel showing the alarm floor(s) or by an electronic audio system that automatically indicates the alarm floor(s) through its own voice communication system. Speakers for this voice communication system may be combined with the




building’s local or public address speakers but shall only transmit a signal to the stairway speakers at their entry levels. Room Use The Fire Command Center shall be used for no other purpose.

Room Layout The complete layout of the Fire Command Center shall be approved prior to installation of any equipment. Layout shall include dimensions of equipment, their placement and cabinet door configurations. Complete details of plans, graphics, marker board, table, log book, and fuse holders shall be submitted to the authority having jurisdiction for approval. Identification of Cabinets and Controls Identification of all cabinets, controls, and devices shall be clearly and legibly marked and visible at all times. Telephone A non-toll, non-restricted telephone shall be installed in the Fire Command Center. This shall be a private line connected directly to the public telephone system. Dry Marker Board A dry marker board a minimum of three (3) feet by four (4) feet with all necessary accessories shall be installed and maintained. Work Surface A work surface that is a minimum of thirty (30) inches wide by sixty (60) inches long and thirty-six (36) inches high shall be located in the Fire Command Center. The work surface may be hinged from the wall. Air Conditioning The Fire Command Center shall be conditioned to maintain a temperature between 70 degrees Fahrenheit and 78 degrees Fahrenheit under normal and emergency conditions. Labeling




All equipment supplied by the building’s emergency standby power system shall be permanently labeled. Labels shall include the origin of their supply circuits. Log Book The building owner shall maintain a log book in the Fire Command Center. All alarms, trouble conditions, maintenance and repairs shall be recorded with the date, time, and location from which the signal originated. Maintenance and repairs shall be logged showing reason for, date, time, name, and time the system was restored. Equipment and Controls The Fire Command Center shall contain the following equipment:

1) Air-handling system control switches and status indicator lights that clearly show that the system is operational. Status indicators shall be connected to devices that positively sense the movement of the required air flow.

2) Standby and emergency power system status indicators. These shall

include, but not be limited to the following:

i. Low fuel indication.

ii. Generator status.

iii. A generator control switch shall be so wired as to allow the generator to be manually started from the Fire Command Center when the building is in the alarm mode.

3) Controls necessary to automatically notify the fire alarm monitoring

company in the event of a fire alarm or trouble condition. The interconnections required shall also comply with the raceway requirements.

4) A labeled cabinet containing spare fire sprinkler heads (of all types used in

the building) and the proper tool(s) needed for their removal and installation. The number of spare fire sprinkler heads shall be determined by NFPA 13.

5) Clear instructions for the operation of all equipment located in the Fire

Command Center.




6) Indicators showing the status of the fire pump. This shall include, but not be limited to: power available, pump operating, low fuel, low auxiliary water supply, or other condition as required by the authority having jurisdiction.

7) Three spare fuses for all life safety equipment located in the Fire

Command Center shall be provided. Fuse holders shall be labeled with the size and type of fuse required.

8) Data processing equipment required for the life safety systems.

9) Building Plans

A complete set of Building plans shall be kept in the Fire Command Center. The plans shall include: architectural sheets showing exit systems, mechanical plans showing smoke removal systems, and electrical plans showing life safety systems. ELEVATORS

Elevator Car Identification All cars in elevator banks shall be permanently numbered on the exterior of the elevator. Elevator/Lobby Separation Only the elevator lobby separation doors and any other automatic closing doors serving the floors affected by the alarm shall automatically close. Call Buttons and Telephones Automatic passenger elevators shall have call and car operation buttons within forty-eight (48) inches of the floor. Emergency telephones shall be within forth-eight (48) inches of the floor. The following shall be clearly posted in each car:

1) Address of building 2) Car number

Recall Elevator lobby, elevator hoist way and elevator machine room smoke detectors are the only smoke detectors to initiate elevator recall. All cars in all banks shall transfer to elevator recall status and shall return to the ground or pre-determined alternate floor non-stop and park. Elevator recall systems shall be monitored for




integrity and have primary and secondary power meeting the requirements of this ordinance. EXCEPTION: Smoke detectors shall not be installed in the elevator hoist way unless the top of the elevator hoist way is protected with automatic sprinkler protection. If an automatic sprinkler is installed in the elevator hoist way, a heat detector shall also be installed to shut power to elevator prior to activation of automatic sprinkler. Fire Control Elevator At least one elevator in each bank of elevators shall be available for fire emergency service and shall have its controls designed so that key switches located in the Fire Command Center will recall said elevator or elevators to the designated main floor. The elevator or elevators shall be interconnected with the standby power. This standby power shall be transferable to any other elevator in the bank and shall be capable of operating the elevator with a full load. Emergency Elevator At least one elevator car serving all building levels shall be made available for emergency use and shall contain the following:

1. A minimum inside car platform of four feet three inches deep by six feet eight inches wide with a minimum clear opening width of 42 inches.

2. The elevator shall be subject to control from the Fire Command Center.

3. The elevator shall be interconnected with the standby power system.

4. The elevator shall be identified with a permanent sign adjacent to the elevator control panel in the Fire Command Center.

STANDBY POWER, LIGHT AND EMERGENCY SYSTEMS Installation An on-site emergency standby power generating system consisting of one or more approved generators for every high-rise building shall be installed in one or more of the following locations and meet the requirements of NFPA110.

Indoors: Generator(s) for standby and emergency power system shall be located on the ground level in a room or area separated from the remainder of the building by a minimum of two-hour fire resistive construction.

1. Openings: windows, louvered openings and any other openings shall be located on exterior walls only. When such openings are located below




openings in another story or less than ten (10) feet from any opening on the same building, they shall be protected by a fire assembly having a minimum of one and one-half hour fire resistive rating. Such fire assemblies shall be fixed, automatic or self-closing.

2. The generator shall not be located above the first floor. 3. The generator may not be placed below grade. Provisions are made to

prevent flooding from surface and/or ground water. 4. A listed fueling port shall be provided for refueling in an approved location.

EXCEPTION: Generators may be permitted in above ground parking structures

with proper vehicle access. Outdoors: When combustion engines and gas turbine generators are located outdoors, they shall be a minimum of ten (10) feet from the building and a minimum of ten (10) feet from the property line.

EXCEPTION: The distance from the building may be reduced to five (5) feet

where there are no openings on the building within ten (10) feet of the generator.

Generators shall be located for easy access of load bank test equipment. Rooms or areas used for power generating systems shall not be used for any other purpose. Where locations are available to vehicle access, they shall be suitably protected. Power-generating systems shall not be located within fifty (50) feet of the Fire Command Center. Automatic Transfer Switches and Transfer Time The emergency and standby system(s) shall be equipped with an approved means for automatically starting the generator set(s) upon failure of the normal electrical supply system(s). The system(s) shall automatically transfer power for all required functions to be at full power in the required time. All transfer switches shall be of the approved four (4) wire, four (4) pole type when used to transfer three (3) phase, four (4) wire system(s). Approved grounding electrode(s) shall be established for the generator’s system(s) which will be common with the building’s grounding electrode system(s). Where non-emergency loads are connected to the emergency system, a separate transfer switch(es) for those loads shall be installed per NEC 700-9. Emergency Electrical Systems shall be automatically transferred and be at full power within ten (10) seconds. All power, lighting, signal and communication




facilities for the below shall have full power in the above time. Lighting circuits as follows:

1) Fire Alarm and smoke detection system 2) Fire Command Center 3) Main electrical switchboard or distribution room or area 4) Smoke Control System 5) Fire pump room 6) Fire Alarm and Communications System 7) Fire Equipment storage rooms 8) Elevators 9) Any others as deemed necessary by the authority having jurisdiction 10) S.C.B.A. main air supply room 11) Standby lighting and normal circuits supplying exit signs and mean of

egress illumination Emergency receptacles shall be installed in exit corridors. In addition to the locations listed above, emergency power supplied 120 volt, 20 amp receptacles shall be located in corridors within ten (10) feel of entry to exit stairways (not over 100 feet apart), and areas where smoke removal machinery and controls are located. These receptacles shall be red in color, and shall meet the Fire Department’s specifications. Sump Pump Where electrical switchboards or any Life Safety emergency equipment is located below normal grade level, an approved sump pump shall be installed which is supplied from the building’s emergency standby system. There shall be a visual indicator in the Central Control Station that indicates if the water has risen above a normal level and shall also transmit a trouble signal in the fire alarm system. Metal Raceways Required All wiring used for life safety and fire alarm systems of high-rise buildings shall be installed in approved metal raceways. No other conductors shall be installed in the same raceway or enclosure with the life safety or emergency conductors. Emergency feeder circuit wiring and equipment shall be installed in fire rated areas, as required by NEC 700-9. EXCEPTION: High-rise listed and approved “integrated” systems when installed at the same time as the life safety system.

A. Approved schedule forty (40) PVC may be permitted to be used underground where covered by a minimum of four (4) inch nominal concrete. This applies to interior building slabs only.




B. When conduit is installed underground on the exterior of the building, it shall be at least thirty (30) inches below grade.

Fuel Supply An on-site fuel supply for the standby and emergency generator(s) shall be of sufficient size for at least an eight (8) hour full operation demand. It shall be contained in an approved tank that is located in an area approved by the authority having jurisdiction. When fuel supply falls below the required amount, a supervised trouble signal shall be initiated in the Fire Command Center. The type of fuel shall be labeled at the fill stem. Overfill alarms are required when fill stem is remote from tank location. Filling of fuel supplies shall be done from the exterior of the building only. A listed fueling port shall be installed for filling operations and shall be approved by the authority having jurisdiction. Manual Starting A manually operated switch shall be provided in the Central Control Station that will be capable of starting the generator whenever the control switch at the generator location is left in other than “REMOTE” OR “AUTOMATIC” mode. This switch shall only be enabled when the building is in the “ALARM” mode. Sizing The standby and emergency power generating system(s) shall be of ample capacity to provide full power to all required loads at the same time. There shall be no load diversities permitted. Possible future tenant improvement loads shall also be included. All required loads shall be included. All non-required loads that will be connected to the generator(s) shall also be included in the total connected load.

1) Load demands shall be figured at one hundred twenty-five percent (125%) of one elevator in each bank.

2) Motor load shall be One hundred twenty-five percent (125%) of the largest

motor load.

3) Lighting load shall be One hundred twenty-five percent (125%) of all lighting loads.

4) All other connected loads shall be One hundred (100%) of all loads.




Energy Management System Energy management or load shedding control systems shall be so wired that in the event that a building is in the alarm mode these systems shall be automatically switched to their full operating capacity. These controls shall not be capable of turning off or overriding any required Life Safety Systems. SEISMIC CONSIDERATION The anchorage of all equipment required by this regulation shall be designed in accordance with Section 1626 of the California Building Code and equations (32-2) and 32-3) in Section 1632. The conformance of the following equipment shall be substantiated at the building site and verified by a licensed structural engineer.

1) Elevator drive and suspension systems 2) Standby and emergency power including lighting facilities 3) Fire pumps, automatic fire extinguishing system, including piping and

other fire protection equipment 4) Air-handling equipment regulated by this chapter 5) Fire alarm equipment 6) Helistops

ENCLOSED STAIRWAY PRESSURIZATION SYSTEMS Stairway Pressurization Stairway and vestibule pressurization shall be installed as required by CBC, Chapter 10 and designed in accordance with NFPA Standard 92-A. Stairway and vestibule pressurization shall also be designed that all exit doors into stairways and vestibules, at all levels, shall be opened by fifteen (15) pounds of force in the direction of exit travel. Such systems shall not work against the smoke removal systems. Positive pressure shall be maintained for the stairway and vestibules. Stairway pressure shall be maintained with a minimum of three (3) doors open including the exterior stairway door. Stairway Locking Devices Stairway locking devices shall be so wired that when it is desired to de-energize these devices it shall not affect any other devices in the building, such as automatic door holders, nor shall a trouble signal be initiated in the fire alarm




system. Doors shall automatically unlock when the fire system is in the alarm mode or whenever there is a loss of power. FIREFIGHTER PHONE AND VOICE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Stairway Telephones Where it is elected to lock the stairway doors from the stairway side, it is required to place a telephone at every fifth floor. Each telephone shall be clearly labeled as to its use. At all other levels in the stairway, there shall be signs indicating where the telephone(s) are located. The telephones shall be located adjacent to the stairway identification signs. The telephones shall connect directly to a guard station. PBX or any other location which is manned on a twenty-four (24) hour basis. In the event the operator is unable to answer the phone within thirty (30) seconds, the call shall be transferred to an approved monitoring company who shall immediately call the appropriate personnel to respond. FIRE APPARATUS ACCESS ROADWAYS On-site access roadways (where required) shall have an all-weather driving surface capable of supporting 70,000 lbs and shall have a minimum unobstructed width of 20 feet and shall not be less than 10 feet from the building. Access ways shall have adequate turning radius for Fire Department apparatus and shall have a minimum of 13 feet, 6 inches vertical clearance. The maximum grade shall not exceed four (4) percent. Firefighting aerial apparatus set-up locations shall be a minimum width of 30 feet. The required width of access ways shall not be obstructed in any manner. Approved “FIRE LANES - NO PARKING’ signs and/or other appropriate notice prohibiting obstructions shall be required and shall be maintained. Prohibited obstructions include but are not limited to landscaping, park benches, and dumpsters. FIRE EQUIPMENT ROOMS Fire Department equipment storage rooms shall be provided to store the required fire fighting equipment and shall comply with the following:

1) Each equipment storage room shall have a minimum of forty-eight (48) square feet of floor space, with no dimension less than six (6) feet. Size may be reduced when approved by the Fire Department.

2) Ceiling height shall be at least seven (7) feet, six (6) inches.




3) Rooms shall be of two (2) hour fire-resistive construction with no opening

rated less than 1 and ½ hour.

4) Rooms shall be locked with access by the Fire Department only. Keys shall be provided in a KNOX Box.

5) The door to the equipment storage room shall have a permanent sign

stating, “FIRE DEPARTMENT USE ONLY”.

6) Stairway doors shall be identified to indicate the location of equipment storage rooms in the following manner:

7) The stairway which is adjacent to equipment storage rooms shall have an

exterior sign on the first floor level, or Fire Department entrance level, identifying the floors where rooms are located adjacent to that stairway. These stairways shall have roof access.

8) At each floor level where equipment storage rooms are located, signs

shall be placed on the stairway side to identify that floor as an equipment storage room location.

9) Shelves, cabinets and racks shall be installed as specified by the Fire

Department.

10) The door to the equipment room shall be a minimum three (3) feet by six (6) feet, eight (8) inches in size.

Location and Access The equipment storage rooms shall be located adjacent to an enclosed exit stairway which provides access to the roof. Placement of the equipment storage rooms shall begin five (5) floors above the ground level and then placed at every fifth floor in an ascending order. When parking structures continue below grade, equipment storage rooms are not required on those levels. Access to the equipment storage rooms shall be within 10 feet of the exit stairway. The door to each equipment storage rooms shall be visible from the entrance to the exit stairway, and shall be properly identified. The room shall be readily accessible at all times for Fire Department use.




The fire equipment storage room may be placed within the service elevator lobby, provided travel distance to the nearest stairway is no greater than 30 feet. Location of rooms shall be approved by the Fire Department. Equipment Required Each Fire Department equipment storage room shall contain the following:

1) Four (4) fifty-foot lengths of double-jacketed rubber-lined 2 ½" hose

2) Four (4) fifty-foot lengths of double-jacketed rubber-lined 1 3/4" hose

3) Ten (10) lightweight Scott 4.5 air bottles, 30 minute

4) Two each 2 ½" X 1 ½" reducer fitting

5) One each 2 ½" gated Y fitting (2 1/2” outlets)

6) Five (5) devices to plug sprinkler heads of each type installed

7) 10 each door wedges

8) One fire phone handset per room with outlet

9) Air Cylinder fill station (2 cylinder capacity) All equipment shall be approved and purchased by the West Sacramento Fire Department. The expenditure shall be reimbursed for the purchase of the required equipment to the City of West Sacramento by the building owner/agent. All equipment shall be permanently marked with an inventory control number and all cost associated with the replacement or maintenance shall be paid by the property owner. FIRE DEPARTMENT BREATHING AIR SYSTEM A permanent piped air system rated at 6000 psig shall be installed to allow the Fire Department to fill portable air cylinders. A fill station shall be installed in each equipment storage room. The fill stations and the air supply inlet connection shall be placed in a location approved by the Fire Department. The fill station system shall be approved by the Fire Department and meet the minimum standards of the “Highrise Piped Air Refilling Standard”.




FIREPUMP Every high-rise building less than 275 feet shall be equipped with one primary fire pump, (one electric or one diesel). The pump shall be capable of supplying 500 gpm for the first standpipe and 250 gpm for each additional required standpipe, not to exceed 2500 gpm at a minimum of 100 psi at the top most outlets, plus fire sprinkler demand. Every high-rise building greater than 275 feet shall be equipped with two primary fire pumps, (one electric and one diesel). Each pump shall be capable of supplying 500 gpm for the first standpipe and 250 gpm for each additional required standpipe, not to exceed 2500 gpm at a minimum of 100 psi at the top most outlet, plus fire sprinkler demand. Secondary fire pumps shall be required in 275 foot high intervals. When secondary fire pumps are required they shall be so placed as to divide the upper portion of the building into equal sections. Under no condition shall any fire pump be required to pump more than 275 feet vertically. Piping systems shall not be subjected to pressures greater than those for which the system has been designed and tested. Where it is necessary to install a fire pump above the ground level, the fire pump shall be electrically driven and have its feeder conductors installed in rigid metal conduit that is located in a totally protected area, or shaft that has a minimum fire resistant rating of two (2) hours. Each electronically driven fire pump shall be connected to the building’s emergency standby system. All piping shall be clearly labeled as to its purpose and direction of water flows. All fire pumps shall be provided with a test meter and test header assembly. Design and installation requirements other than that addressed in this ordinance shall comply with the requirements of NFPA 20. Location Fire pumps and associated equipment shall be located in a separate two-hour fire resistive room and shall have direct access from the exterior building. If direct exterior access is available, then access to the fire pump room(s) shall be through a protected access and be located at least 50 feet from the Fire Command Center. Noise from the fire pump room shall not exceed 60 dB at the Fire Command Center location. There shall be no other equipment in the room.




Location of the fire pumps, diesel fuel tanks, and controls shall be approved by the authority having jurisdiction prior to installation. Fuel Supply Fuel supply for diesel fire pumps shall be of sufficient size for at least eight (8) hours operation at full power. Filling of fuel tanks shall be accomplished from the exterior of the building by a listed fueling permit. Location and type to be approved by the authority having jurisdiction. 800Mhz RADIO COMMUNICATIONS Radio communications shall be maintained within this building through an approved 800 MHz communication antenna system as described in Section of the City Municipal Code 15.14.070. EMERGENCY HELISTOPS All emergency helistops shall meet the requirements of the 2016 California Building Codes 311.10 and 1611.10, Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Helicopter Design Advisory Circular 150/5390-2 and Title 21, Division of Aeronautics. Elevated helistops shall be provided with a fuel containment system capable of holding a minimum of two hundred U.S gallons and shall be designed so that no fuel can enter the building drain system. ___________________________ Bryan Jonson, Fire Marshal

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CITY OF LINCOLN FIRE DEPARTMENT