Civil War- 1860-1865Civil War- 1860-1865

Tensions-Tensions-18501850 Tension over new states- Ca, Utah, New Tension over new states- Ca, Utah, New

Mex- Compromise- Ca free, Ut. NM can choose, Mex- Compromise- Ca free, Ut. NM can choose, stronger fugitive slave lawstronger fugitive slave law

1850’s1850’s Underground Railroad, Harriet Tubman, Underground Railroad, Harriet Tubman, Uncle Tom’s Cabin Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beechman Stowe- by Harriet Beechman Stowe- slavery also a moral issueslavery also a moral issue

18541854 Tension over Kansas, Nebraska- violence Tension over Kansas, Nebraska- violence erupts, even in Senateerupts, even in Senate- Political parties split N & S, Republican party - Political parties split N & S, Republican party forms- against spread of slaveryforms- against spread of slavery

18571857 Dred Scott decision- slave sued owner for Dred Scott decision- slave sued owner for freedom after going to free territory, ruled for freedom after going to free territory, ruled for owner, slave is property- S victoryowner, slave is property- S victory

The Struggle- backgroundThe Struggle- background

18601860 Democrats split votes- Lincoln is Democrats split votes- Lincoln is elected- South Secession led by S. Carolina- elected- South Secession led by S. Carolina- Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Louisiana, Texas- fight over states rights vs. Louisiana, Texas- fight over states rights vs. federal powerfederal powerS. attacks union forts in the S.S. attacks union forts in the S.Jefferson Davis- president -Virginia, Jefferson Davis- president -Virginia,

Tennessee, N. Carolina, Arkansas join Tennessee, N. Carolina, Arkansas join ConfederacyConfederacy

Advantages- Advantages- N- More industry, factories, men, food N- More industry, factories, men, food

production, railroad for transportationproduction, railroad for transportation S- good generals (Robert E. Lee), motivated S- good generals (Robert E. Lee), motivated

soldiers, soldiers, Union plan- block S. ports, move down Union plan- block S. ports, move down

Mississippi river, take Richmond, VirginiaMississippi river, take Richmond, Virginia

Battles-Battles-18601860 Bull Run- Confederates win- Stonewall Bull Run- Confederates win- Stonewall

( General Thomas) Jackson( General Thomas) Jackson18621862 West- Ulysses Grant, invades Tennessee, West- Ulysses Grant, invades Tennessee,

Shiloh- 25,000 die, take New Orleans, Shiloh- 25,000 die, take New Orleans, East- McClellan trains for 5 months, meets Robert E. Lee East- McClellan trains for 5 months, meets Robert E. Lee

and Confederates in Richmond driven backand Confederates in Richmond driven back Antietam- Union wins, 26,000 dead 1 dayAntietam- Union wins, 26,000 dead 1 day

18631863 S some wins invade N, Gettysburg- 3 day S some wins invade N, Gettysburg- 3 day battle, 50,000+ died, S turns back, Gettysburg battle, 50,000+ died, S turns back, Gettysburg address- Lincoln, united countryaddress- Lincoln, united country S. morale suffers, lack of food, supplies S. morale suffers, lack of food, supplies N. defeats S in West (Mississippi river)N. defeats S in West (Mississippi river)

18641864 Grant fights Lee in Virginia many die, Grant fights Lee in Virginia many die, Sherman through Georgia, S. Carolina, much Sherman through Georgia, S. Carolina, much destruction, Lincoln wins term 2destruction, Lincoln wins term 2

18651865 Grant, Sherman surround Richmond, S Grant, Sherman surround Richmond, S surrenders, Confederate soldiers treated nicely, surrenders, Confederate soldiers treated nicely, sent home w/ foodsent home w/ food

Politics-Politics- 1863- Emancipation Proclamation- Lincoln did not 1863- Emancipation Proclamation- Lincoln did not

believe federal govt had the right to abolish slavery, believe federal govt had the right to abolish slavery, ( his main goal was to save the union) but freed them ( his main goal was to save the union) but freed them as they were captured to hurt S war making ability.as they were captured to hurt S war making ability.

Britain- S hopes Britain will join, stay neutralBritain- S hopes Britain will join, stay neutral Union & Confederacy- problems with unity, suspend Union & Confederacy- problems with unity, suspend

Habeas Corpus – expand pres. power in crisis, Habeas Corpus – expand pres. power in crisis, Conscription- the draft- forcing people into serviceConscription- the draft- forcing people into service

Life/ Economy- Life/ Economy- African Americans join armies- non battle duties, African Americans join armies- non battle duties,

fought bravelyfought bravely Plantation system falls, expand N economy, hurts S, Plantation system falls, expand N economy, hurts S,

food & supply shortages in Sfood & supply shortages in S Soldier life hard, dirty, poor food, medical careSoldier life hard, dirty, poor food, medical care Sanitary Commission- try to improve conditions, Sanitary Commission- try to improve conditions,

women nurseswomen nurses

End of War/ Effects-End of War/ Effects-

620,000 dead, 10% fought620,000 dead, 10% foughtno longer threat to break awayno longer threat to break awayfederal power growsfederal power growsS economy bad shapeS economy bad shapeWar technology improved- land War technology improved- land

mines, grenades, iron clad ships, mines, grenades, iron clad ships, riflesrifles

13th amendment- end slavery13th amendment- end slaveryApril 14, 1865- Lincoln assassinated April 14, 1865- Lincoln assassinated

at Ford’s Theater- John Wilkes Boothat Ford’s Theater- John Wilkes Booth

Reconstruction 1865-1877Reconstruction 1865-1877

Politics- Politics- Lincoln/ Johnson Lincoln/ Johnson VS. VS. Radical Republicans/ Congress Radical Republicans/ Congress - Easy readmission- Easy readmission -strict readmission, fewer -strict readmission, fewer

pardonspardons- Pardon Confederates- Pardon Confederates -Freedman’s Bureau, Civil -Freedman’s Bureau, Civil

Rights Rights - Veto bills- Veto bills Act 1866, African American Act 1866, African American

citizenship, no discriminatory citizenship, no discriminatory lawslaws

- Johnson impeached-- Johnson impeached- - 14th amendment- states cant - 14th amendment- states cant Congress mad at him, Congress mad at him, deny rights to citizensdeny rights to citizensImpeach for removing Impeach for removing - 15th amendment- all men - 15th amendment- all men

right toright tocabinet member From office cabinet member From office votevoteSenate Did not convict Senate Did not convict - Reconstruction Act- states - Reconstruction Act- states

must must - Ulysses Grant pres - Ulysses Grant pres accept 14accept 14thth,15,15thth amendment, amendment,

give give African- Americans right to African- Americans right to vote for vote for admission into Unionadmission into Union

1870- All states in Union1870- All states in Union

African-Americans move to the cities, African-Americans move to the cities, seek education, participate in politicsseek education, participate in politics

Sharecroping- use a farmers land, Sharecroping- use a farmers land, pay w/ portion of cropspay w/ portion of crops

Reconstruction ends- opposition in Reconstruction ends- opposition in south (Ku Klux Klan), scandals in south (Ku Klux Klan), scandals in govt., Judicial support gonegovt., Judicial support gone