Civil WarTest

Review

Answers

Secede

(secession)

• To withdraw formally

• Texas joined 10 other southern states and withdrew (left) the United States to form the Confederate States of America.

Exports

• Something that is sent to another country for sale or trade. Ex: Cotton

Nationalism

• Supporting policies that promote a nations interest

• When someone puts the good of the nation above the good of a state.

Sectionalism

• Loyalty to your state or a section of the country first and the nation second.

• One of the 5 causes of the Civil War– South economy based on agriculture– Plantation lifestyle– Democratic Party views– Supported slavery

Slavery

• To hold another against their will and force them to work.

• One of the 5 causes of the Civil War– Considered a necessity in south– Considered immoral in the north– A political issue (balance of power in

congress between slave and non-slave states would no longer be equal).

Tariff

• A tax placed on imported or exported goods.

States Rights

• Theory that a state could choose whether to obey or enforce federal laws.

• One of the 5 causes of the Civil War– Southerners supported states rights– Believed they could secede– Believed in slavery– Southerners also angry with taxes being

imposed upon them by the federal government.

Federal Rights

• The belief that the national (or federal) government has final power.

• The federal government had the power to make laws that applied to all states, including imposing taxes.

Confederacy

• 11 States that seceded from the United States of America (this included Texas).

• Were considered to be rebellion states

Union

• The northern states and California and Oregon.

• Against secession and slavery.

Election of 1860

• Election in which Abraham Lincoln was elected President.

• One of the 5 causes of the Civil War– Southerners believed that this Republican

would no longer respect their rights.–Was a direct link to states seceding from

the Union.

Emancipation Proclamation

• Signed by Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863.

• He freed all slaves that were in rebellion states (Confederate states).

Battle at Palmito Ranch

• Last land battle of Civil War

• Fought on May 12, 1865 (one month after Confederates surrounded at Appomattox Courthouse).

• Unaware the war was over, Union forces fired upon the Confederate forces in what became a skirmish at Palmito Ranch.

• Although the Confederates won this battle, they had already lost the war.

Appomattox Court House

• On April 9, 1865, General Lee and his troops surrender to General Grant at Appomattox Courthouse in Virginia.

• Terms of surrender:– Rebels had to lay down their arms– Could not join military again– There would be no jailing or hanging– South would not be punished

Battle of Sabine Pass

• On September 8, 1863, the battle of Sabine Pass took place. – Sabine Pass is a narrow channel along the

eastern border of Texas.– As Union troops attempted to pass through the

channel, they were stopped by Lt. Dowling. – Confederate troops fired upon the Union troops

and sank two ships. – Confederates hailed the victory after their defeats

at Gettysburg, PA and Vicksburg, MS.– The Davis Group helped in the battle.

Battle at Galveston

• President Lincoln had ordered a blockade of Southern ports to stop the shipment of supplies.

• Galveston was one of the most important ports in Texas.

• Union troops captured the island. • Confederate General Magruder launched an

attack to retake the island on January 1, 1863. – Soldiers sailed to the island on cottonclads, or

flatbottom boats lined with cotton bales to protect the soldiers from bullets.

– Confederate troops took over Galveston Island and they remained in control until the end of the war.

Fort Sumter

• Location of the first battle of the Civil War

• Confederate states demanded that the Union surrender all federal property, especially military posts.

• While many forts were taken over peacefully, troops refused to leave Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina. Fighting broke out.

Gettysburg

• Location of one of the bloodiest battles during the Civil War.

• Following the battle, President Lincoln delivered the now famous, Gettysburg Address speech.

Abraham Lincoln

• Elected President in the Election of 1860

• Republican who did not believe in slavery or secession.

• Remained President of the United States of America during the Civil War

• Issued the Emancipation Proclamation

Sam Houston

• Governor of Texas who refused to sign Texas secession document.

• He would rather Texas have remained a Republic then to join the Confederate States.

• He was later relieved of his role as Governor of Texas.

Jefferson Davis

• President of the Confederate States of America.

Robert E. Lee

• General of the Confederate Army.

• Surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant at the Appomattox Court House

Ulysses S. Grant

• General of the Union Army.

• Accepted surrender of Robert E. Lee at the Appomattox Court House

Reasons TexasJoinedCivilWar

&What they

contributed

• 5 reasons Texas joined Civil War:1. Sectionalism2. Slavery3. States’ Rights4. Election of 18605. Secession

• Most of the fighting in Texas centered on Confederate efforts to keep the Gulf Coast ports open.

• “Storehouse of the Confederacy” – Texas provided weapons, food and horses for the

war effort.