CoAX – Coalition TIE Technology Integration Experiment November 2000 Briefing

CoAX – Coalition TIECoAX – Coalition TIETechnology Integration ExperimentTechnology Integration Experiment

November 2000 BriefingNovember 2000 Briefing

AFRL Rome, AIAI, Boeing, Dartmouth, DERA Malvern,AFRL Rome, AIAI, Boeing, Dartmouth, DERA Malvern,Lockheed Martin ATL, Michigan, MIT Sloan, USC/ISI, UWF/IHMCLockheed Martin ATL, Michigan, MIT Sloan, USC/ISI, UWF/IHMC

Support from BBN, GITI, ISX, MITRE, Schafer, StanfordSupport from BBN, GITI, ISX, MITRE, Schafer, Stanford

Coalition Agents eXperiment (CoAX)Coalition Agents eXperiment (CoAX)http://www.aiai.ed.ac.uk/project/coax/http://www.aiai.ed.ac.uk/project/coax/

DARPADARPA

CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 2

CoAX Briefing OutlineBriefing Outline

Aims and ScenarioAims and Scenario CoAX ComponentsCoAX Components DemonstrationsDemonstrations 9-Month Demonstration9-Month Demonstration Next StepsNext Steps SummarySummary


CoAX CoAX MessageCoAX Message

Operational Message Operational Message Interoperability of Systems Interoperability of Systems Agility and robustnessAgility and robustness Coalition and “virtual” organizationsCoalition and “virtual” organizations

Technical MessageTechnical Message Agents as an appropriate paradigm to Agents as an appropriate paradigm to

facilitate interoperabilityfacilitate interoperability Middleware of Grid for rapid configurationMiddleware of Grid for rapid configuration Utility of domain management and Utility of domain management and

task/process management servicestask/process management services


CoAX ContextContext

Increasing military requirements for coalition Increasing military requirements for coalition operationsoperations

Belief that agent computational model is a good Belief that agent computational model is a good fit to meet coalition interoperability requirementsfit to meet coalition interoperability requirements

US and UK Agent Research ProgrammesUS and UK Agent Research Programmes US DARPA Control of Agent Based Systems (CoABS)US DARPA Control of Agent Based Systems (CoABS) UK DERA Agents ProjectUK DERA Agents Project

Need for “middleware” such as is provided by Need for “middleware” such as is provided by CoABS Grid InfrastructureCoABS Grid Infrastructure


CoAX Aim of Coalition TIEAim of Coalition TIE Aim is to addressAim is to address unique aspects of coalition unique aspects of coalition

operations through the development and operations through the development and evaluation of agent domain and task evaluation of agent domain and task management servicesmanagement services

Aim will be met through delivery of:Aim will be met through delivery of: Phased technical demonstrations of increasing Phased technical demonstrations of increasing

complexitycomplexity Development of generic Coalition-oriented grid Development of generic Coalition-oriented grid

servicesservices Requirements:Requirements:

Use of a wide variety of different agent systemsUse of a wide variety of different agent systems Use of existing military (non-agent) applicationsUse of existing military (non-agent) applications


CoAX Key Coalition DriversKey Coalition Drivers

Different cultures, doctrines, and languages:Different cultures, doctrines, and languages: Different doctrine, decision making, rules of engagement Different doctrine, decision making, rules of engagement

and, in general, mission “agendas”and, in general, mission “agendas” Command authorities - agreement and transfersCommand authorities - agreement and transfers Different interpretation of situational informationDifferent interpretation of situational information

Incompatibility of respective national Incompatibility of respective national information systems:information systems: Different technology skill and equipment levelsDifferent technology skill and equipment levels Lack of information systems resource sharing agreementsLack of information systems resource sharing agreements Variable reliability of components and infrastructuresVariable reliability of components and infrastructures Lack of compatible security architecturesLack of compatible security architectures Need for rapid configuration and reconfiguration by personnel Need for rapid configuration and reconfiguration by personnel

with limited trainingwith limited training Limited models for coalition force operationsLimited models for coalition force operations

Derived from LeRoy Pearce (Canadian MOD), 1999


CoAX Key Technical DriversKey Technical Drivers Cannot assume interoperability, reliability or Cannot assume interoperability, reliability or

availability of different nations systemsavailability of different nations systems Need for partial (secure) sharing and Need for partial (secure) sharing and

visualization of processes, data and facilitiesvisualization of processes, data and facilities Need to work with agents in multiple Need to work with agents in multiple

dynamically determined domainsdynamically determined domains Need for flexible inter-agent task and process Need for flexible inter-agent task and process

managementmanagement Need for rapid formation, management and Need for rapid formation, management and

change of agent relationshipschange of agent relationships


CoAX Binni - Gateway to theBinni - Gateway to theGolden Bowl of AfricaGolden Bowl of Africa

Rathmell, R.A. (1999) A Coalition Force Scenario 'Binni - Gateway to the Golden Bowl of Africa', inProceedings of the International Workshop on Knowledge-Based Planning for Coalition Forces,

(ed. Tate, A.) pp. 115-125, Edinburgh, Scotland, 10th-11th May 1999.

W E

N

S

GeographyGeography

Binni - All FeaturesBinni - All Features

BANDAR Population centres ×× Military airfields Gravel roads

Brongo Ports Q Civilian Airfields Tracks

KEY Tarmac roads175 Heights (metres) RailwaysLAYERS:LAYERS:

ReturnReturn

CapeVincent

CapeAmstado

Caca

KasoLagoon

Amisa

Jacal

Pra

Ankobra

Tana

Ofin

Afr

am

Daka

Black Caca

Kapowa

White Caca

Mawli

LAKE CACA

WaterWater

Brongo Ports Q Civilian Airfields Tracks

Q

Q Q

Q

Q

Q

××

××

××

××

××

TransportTransport

WESTERN REGION

AGADEZ

Zingato

SIKASSO

COSTA DELMARIA

LAKI

BANDAR

UGWULU

UPPER REGION

NORTHERN REGION

CACA REGION EASTERN REGION

CACAREGION

ASHANTI REGION

CENTRAL REGION

BANDARREGION

AGADEZ

GAO

Kwanabouri

Gambaga268

Masembi

Gam

bag

a E

scar

pm

ent Higgville

Libar

Zatu

To

Cun

meg

e To

Tifi

llo

Dinga

Anala876

527

390

482

436

588

752

542

707

123

788

613

175

613

Akwapim-Gao Range

Kw

ahu

Pla

teau

To

Pam

ple

To

Seg

umbo

KamongoJinja

Brongo

LavalBiloo

Sagiba

BaveGamba

Kolla

AntokGrandville

Hakkali

To Cecil

DadoMinga

Kaso

NangaCaca Dam Esuko

Blackman

Laponga

Zaribe

Bonrope

Tonka

775AtewaRanga

SaltpondAchobo

Adaido

DiplomboElmina

Wonka

Deanville

Sonara

Sandosta

Komenda

Gonobo Grandvache

Polia

Jamestown

Slabo

Donga

Anguiba KutchiAkimbo

Sago-town

Wazilla

Suthertown

Bisa

Wampimba

Belucar

Salisbury

Bisha

St Andrews

Sellerham

Kingtown

To P

etit Paris

To E

scallope

Lissa

Libretto

Slafito

Langford

To

Fal

o

Asoba

NedallaEpidurango

Aida

To H

arra

NamesNames

SettingSetting

Lat / LongLat / Long

31E31E

36E36E35E35E34E34E33E33E

32E32E

39E39E

38E38E

37E37E

36E36E35E35E34E34E33E33E32E32E31E31E

39E39E38E38E37E37E

17N17N

16N16N

15N15N

20N20N

19N19N

18N18N

17N17N

16N16N

15N15N

19N19N

18N18N

21N21N

W E

N

S

CapeVincent

CapeAmstado

Caca

KasoLagoon

Amisa

Jacal

Pra

Ankobra

Tana

Ofin

Afr

am

Daka

Black Caca

Kapowa

White Caca

Mawli

LAKE CACA

Gaoforces

Agadezforces

Firestorm

Forces separated by firestorm

W E

N

S

CapeVincent

CapeAmstado

Caca

KasoLagoon

Amisa

Jacal

Pra

Ankobra

Tana

Ofin

Afr

am

Daka

Black Caca

Kapowa

White Caca

Mawli

LAKE CACA

Gaoforces

Agadezforces

FirestormFalse Agadez

forces

FalseGao

forces

Gao deception is intended to displace firestorm:separation fails.



Aims and ScenarioAims and Scenario CoAX ComponentsCoAX Components DemonstrationsDemonstrations TTCP DemonstrationTTCP Demonstration Next StepsNext Steps SummarySummary


CoAXCoAX ComponentsCoAX Components

LAN

LAN

LANGrid DARPADARPACoABS GridCoABS Grid(GITI, ISX)(GITI, ISX)

Agent FrameworksAgent FrameworksKAoS Agents (Boeing, IHMC)KAoS Agents (Boeing, IHMC)D’Agents (Dartmouth)D’Agents (Dartmouth)EMAA/CAST Agents (LM ATL)EMAA/CAST Agents (LM ATL)

Agent Grid ServicesAgent Grid ServicesTask and Task and PProcess Management (AIAI)rocess Management (AIAI)Domain Management Services (Boeing, IHMC)Domain Management Services (Boeing, IHMC)Plan Deconfliction (Michigan)Plan Deconfliction (Michigan)Exception Handling (MIT)Exception Handling (MIT)Incentive Management (Stanford)Incentive Management (Stanford)

Military Military SystemsSystemsCAMPS (AFRL,GITI, BBN)CAMPS (AFRL,GITI, BBN)MBP (DERA)MBP (DERA)……

Agents on the GridAgents on the GridAODB Agent (LM ATL)AODB Agent (LM ATL)Observer Agents (Dartmouth)Observer Agents (Dartmouth)Malicious Agents (IHMC, Boeing)Malicious Agents (IHMC, Boeing)Web Weather Agent (USC/ISI)Web Weather Agent (USC/ISI)……





CoAX Demonstration ScheduleDemonstration Schedule 1-month demo at kick-off in February 2000 showing direct

connection between DERA MBP and LM-ATL AODB 6-month integration milestone in July 2000 showing initial

integration of selected CoAX components for 9-month demo

9-month demo in October 2000: Brief the CoAX TIE and Binni scenario Show full integration of selected CoAX components Show that selected components interoperate in a Binni-based

scenario Tell a relevant 'story‘ about agents for information gathering Additional stand-alone demos of other components

18-month demo in July 2001 showing full integration of all CoAX components in a rich coalition scenario: Expanding scope to cover planning and execution

30-month demo in July 2002 showing dynamic aspects of domain management and tasking


CoAX Month 1 - Initial DemoMonth 1 - Initial Demo

Demonstration involves AFRL Rome, DERA Malvern and Demonstration involves AFRL Rome, DERA Malvern and LM ATL and is a first (risk reduction) step toward CoAXLM ATL and is a first (risk reduction) step toward CoAX

Demo shows legacy applications can be usefully Demo shows legacy applications can be usefully integrated into an agent frameworkintegrated into an agent framework

LAN

LAN

LANGrid

CoABS GridCoABS Grid

EMAA / CASTEMAA / CASTAgentsAgents

(LM ATL, US)(LM ATL, US)

AODBAODB

Master Battle Planner v2.1Master Battle Planner v2.1(DERA, UK)(DERA, UK)


CoAX

6-Month (July 2000) 6-Month (July 2000) Milestone ReportMilestone Report

Eleven agents in three separate agent domains representing coalition functional units (JTF HQ, JFAC HQ, Gao Intel)

Binni scenario information used to drive storyboard Tasking and control across coalition functional units Visualization of coalition C2 process via a simple

process model Simple policy administration tool for selective

information sharing and communication blocking


CoAX

JTF HQJFAC HQ

Gao Intel

6-Month (July 2000)6-Month (July 2000)Milestone StructureMilestone Structure

Non-domain-aware message-based grid agentsAODBAODB

LM-ATLLM-ATL

DbDbiiii

PP'PP'

Domain-aware conversational

grid agents

DbDbii

MBPMBPIntel1Intel1

Intel2Intel2DM2DM2

MM2MM2

DM3DM3

MM3MM3

DM1DM1MM1MM1


CoAX

9-Month (October 2000) 9-Month (October 2000) Demonstration ReportDemonstration Report

Focus on information-gathering phase First interoperation of agent-wrapped legacy US and UK systemsirst interoperation of agent-wrapped legacy US and UK systems New agents and domains

Three additional agent domains (6 domains and ~25 agents) Incorporation of domain-aware CAMPS airlift planning system Ariadne agent providing publicly available weather information More powerful Process Panel

New domain management functionality Malicious observer agent thwarted by domain management and NOMADS resource

control mechanisms KAoS Policy Administration Tool (KPAT) administering communication, registration,

and resource policies New stand-alone demonstrations:

MIT exception handling Stanford incentive management U. Michigan plan deconfliction Dartmouth ‘observer agents’


CoAX

JFAC HQ

Gao Intel

US

JTF HQ

Observers(Intel)

Gao Obs.

Sub-domain of “Observers”

9-Month (October 2000) 9-Month (October 2000) Demonstration StructureDemonstration Structure

DbDbiiii

DbDbii

MBPMBPIntel1Intel1

Intel2Intel2DM2DM2

MM2MM2

DM1DM1

MM1MM1

DM4DM4 MM4MM4

AODBAODB

PP'PP'

DM3DM3

MM3MM3

DM5DM5

MM5MM5DGODGO

DAODAO

GAOGAODM6DM6

MM6MM6

WeatherWeatherVizViz

AL PlanAL Plan

AODBAODB

LM-ATLLM-ATL

WeatherWeather

AriadneAriadneCAMPSCAMPS

ALDBALDB



Aims and ScenarioAims and Scenario CoAX ComponentsCoAX Components DemonstrationDemonstration 9-Month Demonstration9-Month Demonstration Next StepsNext Steps SummarySummary

CoAXCoAX





CoAX

18-Month (July 2001) 18-Month (July 2001) Demonstration PlanDemonstration Plan

More realism in coalition structures All CoAX members integrated (9 domains and ~35 agents) Coalition agents playing multiple roles in different domains New policies add additional robustness and security Added functionality in process and task management

Increased scope of Binni scenario demonstration Richer information gathering phase Extend scope to execution phases with agent systems

responding dynamically to events Incorporating coalition functionality becomes easier

Packaging capabilities as pluggable grid services


CoAX

Coalition

JFAC HQ

Gao Intel

US

Observers(Intel)

UKShared

Met.

18-Month (July 2001) 18-Month (July 2001) Demo StructureDemo Structure

Gao Obs.

AODBAODB

LM-ATLLM-ATL

WeatherWeather AriadneAriadne

CAMPSCAMPS

ALDBALDB

DbDbiiii

DbDbii

MBPMBP

Intel1Intel1

Intel2Intel2 DM2DM2

MM2MM2DM1DM1MM1MM1DM4DM4 MM4MM4

AODBAODB

DM8DM8 MM8MM8DM5DM5

MM5MM5DGODGO

DAODAO

GAOGAODM6DM6

MM6MM6

AL PlanAL Plan

Intel1aIntel1aIntel3Intel3

DM7DM7

MM7MM7

DbDbiiiiii

DM3DM3

MM3MM3

WeatherWeatherVizViz DM9DM9

MM9MM9PPPP

EH

IMIM

Plan Dec.Plan Dec.


CoAX

30-Month (July 2002) 30-Month (July 2002) Demonstration PlanDemonstration Plan

Dynamic “come as you are” coalition formation Dynamic creation of ‘virtual coalition organisation’Dynamic creation of ‘virtual coalition organisation’ Agents and domains added to coalition structure ‘on-the-

fly’ Dynamic coalition tasks and processesDynamic coalition tasks and processes

Tailored visualizations High-level tools usable without specialized training Generic task, process, and domain management

tools





CoAX

Status andStatus andNext StepsNext Steps

1-month and 6-month demo milestones successfully 1-month and 6-month demo milestones successfully completedcompleted

Preview of progress on 9-month demonstration at Malvern Preview of progress on 9-month demonstration at Malvern TTCP meetingTTCP meeting

100+ page ‘living document’ describing CoAX 100+ page ‘living document’ describing CoAX contributions and Binni ‘FLASH’ scenario deliveredcontributions and Binni ‘FLASH’ scenario delivered

Ongoing work with GITI on design for packaging of agent Ongoing work with GITI on design for packaging of agent domain and process management services for the griddomain and process management services for the grid

9-month demonstration ready in October 20009-month demonstration ready in October 2000 Integrated demonstrationIntegrated demonstration Stand-alone demonstrationsStand-alone demonstrations

Links to Joint Battlespace Infosphere, Joint Battlespace Links to Joint Battlespace Infosphere, Joint Battlespace DigitisationDigitisation


CoAX SummarySummary

Coalition operations is a matter of high concern Coalition operations is a matter of high concern for the military and a great proving ground for for the military and a great proving ground for agent researchagent research

Binni provides mature rich source of realistic Binni provides mature rich source of realistic scenario datascenario data

Actual military tools used in true cross-national Actual military tools used in true cross-national collaboration—hope to expand to additional collaboration—hope to expand to additional nations in the futurenations in the future

Sixteen partners cooperating in phased Sixteen partners cooperating in phased technical integration demonstratorstechnical integration demonstrators

CoABS Grid provided necessary interoperabilityCoABS Grid provided necessary interoperability Significant new research issues being addressed Significant new research issues being addressed

of both theoretical and practical significanceof both theoretical and practical significance


CoAX

Further Information and Further Information and InvolvementInvolvement

CoAX and Binni documentation available CoAX and Binni documentation available See http://www.aiai.ed.ac.uk/project/coax/See http://www.aiai.ed.ac.uk/project/coax/ We encourage your participation…We encourage your participation…

In addressing key coalition and technical drivers In addressing key coalition and technical drivers In seeking operational opportunitiesIn seeking operational opportunities In future demonstrationsIn future demonstrations


CoAX The EndThe End

Documents

CoAX – Coalition TIE Technology Integration Experiment November 2000 Briefing