Upload
duane-little
View
223
Download
2
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Cold War and Cold War and TrumanTruman
APUSHAPUSH
McElhaneyMcElhaney
Essay QuestionEssay Question
““Harry S. Truman was a realistic, Harry S. Truman was a realistic, pragmatic president who skillfully led pragmatic president who skillfully led the American people against the the American people against the menace posed by the Soviet Union.” menace posed by the Soviet Union.”
Assess the validity of this generalization Assess the validity of this generalization for President Truman's foreign policy for President Truman's foreign policy from 1945 to 1953.from 1945 to 1953.
AP OutlineAP Outline
The United States and the Early Cold WarThe United States and the Early Cold War Origins of the Cold War Origins of the Cold War Truman and containment Truman and containment The Cold War in Asia: China, Korea, Vietnam, The Cold War in Asia: China, Korea, Vietnam,
Japan Japan Diplomatic strategies and policies of the Diplomatic strategies and policies of the
Eisenhower and Kennedy administrations Eisenhower and Kennedy administrations The Red Scare and McCarthyism The Red Scare and McCarthyism Impact of the Cold War on American society Impact of the Cold War on American society
OutlineOutline
Containment in Europe and the Middle Containment in Europe and the Middle East East
Truman Doctrine Truman Doctrine Marshall Plan Marshall Plan Berlin crisis Berlin crisis NATO NATO
Revolution in China Revolution in China Limited war: Korea, MacArthur Limited war: Korea, MacArthur
Key TermsKey Terms Teheran ConferenceTeheran Conference Yalta ConferenceYalta Conference Potsdam Potsdam
ConferenceConference ContainmentContainment Iron Curtain, Iron Curtain,
Eastern Bloc, Eastern Bloc, Warsaw PactWarsaw Pact
George KennanGeorge Kennan Truman DoctrineTruman Doctrine Marshall PlanMarshall Plan
Berlin AirliftBerlin Airlift West Germany/East GermanyWest Germany/East Germany National Security Act, 1947National Security Act, 1947 Central Intelligence AgencyCentral Intelligence Agency North Atlantic Treaty North Atlantic Treaty
Organization, 1949 (NATO)Organization, 1949 (NATO) Japan-Role in Cold WarJapan-Role in Cold War Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang
Jieshi)Jieshi) Mao Tse-tung (Mao Zedong)Mao Tse-tung (Mao Zedong) NSC-68NSC-68 Dean AchesonDean Acheson
Subversive Subversive
Origins of the Cold WarOrigins of the Cold War
Cold War-Cold War- a term that refers to the a term that refers to the international rivalry between Communist international rivalry between Communist states and Capitalist statesstates and Capitalist states
Mainly between United States, Great Britain Mainly between United States, Great Britain and Western European countriesand Western European countries
VersesVerses Soviet Union- Eastern European Satellite Soviet Union- Eastern European Satellite
states, Later China, Korea, Cuba, Vietnam states, Later China, Korea, Cuba, Vietnam
QuizQuiz
Explain how the Foreign Policy of the Explain how the Foreign Policy of the United States Government responded to United States Government responded to the Cold War.the Cold War.
What pattern was created and cite a few What pattern was created and cite a few examples of each?examples of each?
Presidents and the Cold War• Truman-(1945-1953)
– Containment Policy– Truman Doctrine– Marshall Plan– Berlin Airlift– NATO– Korean War– Firing of MacArthur– H-Bomb
• Eisenhower- (1953-1961)– Korean War peace– Guatemala– Cuban Revolution– Vietnam support– Arms Race/Space Race– U2 Incident– Shah of Iran
• Kennedy (1961-1963)– Vietnam escalation (Military advisors and
equipment sent)– Bay of Pigs– Cuban Missile Crisis (the closest the US
will come to Nuclear War)• Johnson (1963-1969)
– Escalates Vietnam involvement (500K troops 1968)
• Nixon (1969-1974)– Massive Bombing of North Vietnam and
Cambodia– Negotiated Settlement of Vietnam– Visits China and begins Détente with Mao
Tse Tong– Soviet Union Detnte– Chile CIA - Pinchet
• Ford (1974-1977)• SALT Treaty• Carter (1977-1981)
– SALT treaties – ABM Treaty– Russians invade Afghanistan– Aides Mujhadeen fighting Russians– Communists take over in Nicaragua
• Reagan (1981-1989)– Focuses American in building “Star
Wars” anti-missile program and defense spending to counter Soviets
– Causes Soviet economy to suffer- – Gorbachev begins Perestroika-
opens frustrations created by Communist economy and peaceful revolution is begun
• Bush (41) (1989-1993)– 1991 the Soviet Union is ended and
chain reaction reverberates across Europe (Essentially communism and extreme socialism as an economic system is proven ineffective)
– Nationalism takes over in formerly communist controlled regions of Europe
Over View of Cold WarOver View of Cold War
After WWII the US will After WWII the US will confront confront Communist expansionCommunist expansion all over the world. all over the world.
Conflict will Conflict will last 50 yearslast 50 years and ends and ends peacefully with Reagan and Bush (41) in peacefully with Reagan and Bush (41) in 1991, when the Soviet Union 1991, when the Soviet Union disintegrated.disintegrated.
Each President will deal with Cold War Each President will deal with Cold War Issues as the focus of Foreign Policy.Issues as the focus of Foreign Policy.
Post WWII 1945-53Post WWII 1945-53 Area of Conflict: Area of Conflict:
Eastern Europe Eastern Europe West Germany/East Germany/BerlinWest Germany/East Germany/Berlin ChinaChina KoreaKorea Vietnam Vietnam CubaCuba
Stalin and RooseveltStalin and Roosevelt
Roosevelt is often criticized for Roosevelt is often criticized for making bad choices and giving in to making bad choices and giving in to Stalin at the Yalta Conference. Stalin at the Yalta Conference.
Why is FDR criticized and is this Why is FDR criticized and is this justified? Explainjustified? Explain
Wartime ConferencesWartime Conferences FDR (and later Truman) will coordinate the effort with FDR (and later Truman) will coordinate the effort with
Allied leaders Churchill, and later StalinAllied leaders Churchill, and later Stalin Casablanca-1943Casablanca-1943 FDR, Churchill, agreed on war aims: FDR, Churchill, agreed on war aims:
Sicily invasion, Unconditional Surrender- of Japan and Sicily invasion, Unconditional Surrender- of Japan and GermanyGermany
Cairo-1943-Cairo-1943- FDR and Churchill, Chiang Kai-shek- FDR and Churchill, Chiang Kai-shek- discussed war aims in Asia, Japan will lose all islands discussed war aims in Asia, Japan will lose all islands acquired, Korea independentacquired, Korea independent
Teheran-1943 Teheran-1943 The “Big Three” discussed 2The “Big Three” discussed 2ndnd front in front in Europe (France), Postwar Germany, Europe (France), Postwar Germany,
Yalta-February 1945Yalta-February 1945 “Big Three” Discussed the fate of “Big Three” Discussed the fate of Poland, Stalin asserted need for “Buffer Zone” and sphere Poland, Stalin asserted need for “Buffer Zone” and sphere of influence; Stalin promised to of influence; Stalin promised to allow free electionsallow free elections; ; planned for the division of Germany after the war; Stalin planned for the division of Germany after the war; Stalin promised to declare war on Japan in exchange for Japanese promised to declare war on Japan in exchange for Japanese land/Kurile Islands; (FDR is dying and will be criticized for land/Kurile Islands; (FDR is dying and will be criticized for being manipulated by Stalin and “selling out” Eastern being manipulated by Stalin and “selling out” Eastern Europe to the Russians.Europe to the Russians.
Potsdam- Germany, July 1945Potsdam- Germany, July 1945, FDR dead, Truman, , FDR dead, Truman, Churchill gone, new Brit- Clement Atlee, Stalin- discussed Churchill gone, new Brit- Clement Atlee, Stalin- discussed boundaries for Germany, German resources would pay for boundaries for Germany, German resources would pay for the war, the war,
Casablanca 1943Casablanca 1943
Teheran 1943Teheran 1943
Roosevelt’s Post War Roosevelt’s Post War World World
Wanted Russian help with fighting the Wanted Russian help with fighting the Japanese Japanese Japan had 1 million soldiers in ChinaJapan had 1 million soldiers in China
Was sympathetic to Russian suffering in Was sympathetic to Russian suffering in two wars with Germanytwo wars with Germany
Understood that Russians had a millions of Understood that Russians had a millions of soldiers in Eastern Europesoldiers in Eastern Europe
Wanted to create a Wanted to create a post-warpost-war world of order world of order and stabilityand stability
Wanted to prevent WarWanted to prevent War Expand Self determinationExpand Self determination Wanted to support economic development- Wanted to support economic development-
Churchill WantedChurchill Wanted
Maintain the British EmpireMaintain the British Empire Limit Soviet power in EuropeLimit Soviet power in Europe
Stalin WantedStalin Wanted
Protect the Soviet Union from AttackProtect the Soviet Union from Attack Establish a buffer zone and Satellite Establish a buffer zone and Satellite
states friendly to Soviet interestsstates friendly to Soviet interests Weaken Germany to prevent any Weaken Germany to prevent any
further warsfurther wars
Tehran ConferenceTehran Conference Big ThreeBig Three discuss what to do with discuss what to do with
GermanyGermany Stalin wanted to eliminate Germany as a Stalin wanted to eliminate Germany as a
threatthreat To partition Germany-To partition Germany-
Churchill wanted to use Germany to Churchill wanted to use Germany to counter the Russians-counter the Russians-
Roosevelt was more lenient to the needs of Roosevelt was more lenient to the needs of StalinStalin
Stalin promised to help fight Japan- after Stalin promised to help fight Japan- after Germany surrenderedGermany surrendered
Teheran Economic Teheran Economic Development PlansDevelopment Plans
International Monetary FundInternational Monetary Fund Fund used to stabilize currency Fund used to stabilize currency
International Bank for International Bank for Reconstruction- later known as the Reconstruction- later known as the World BankWorld Bank Plan to lend money to countries Plan to lend money to countries Help revive tradeHelp revive trade
Yalta Conference Feb Yalta Conference Feb 19451945
Roosevelt is about to die Roosevelt is about to die Soviets were marching into GermanySoviets were marching into Germany Red Army was occupying most of Eastern Red Army was occupying most of Eastern
EuropeEurope Further planned for Post War EuropeFurther planned for Post War Europe Russians establish communist governments Russians establish communist governments
wherever they had controlwherever they had control Poland example- Poland example- Lublin Government-Lublin Government- basically basically
ignored the Polish Government in exile in ignored the Polish Government in exile in LondonLondon
Churchill and Roosevelt wanted free elections Churchill and Roosevelt wanted free elections
Stalin Agreed at YaltaStalin Agreed at Yalta
To Declare war on Japan after To Declare war on Japan after Germany surrendered within 2-3 Germany surrendered within 2-3 monthsmonths
Partition of Germany into 4 Zones- Partition of Germany into 4 Zones- Russian, US, British, and FrenchRussian, US, British, and French
In Exchange forIn Exchange for Influence in ManchuriaInfluence in Manchuria Return of land lost in Russo-Japanese Return of land lost in Russo-Japanese
War (1904)War (1904)
Why does Roosevelt give in to Stalin’s Post Why does Roosevelt give in to Stalin’s Post War plans?War plans?
Germany had invaded Russia twice, killed millions of Germany had invaded Russia twice, killed millions of Russians- Roosevelt was sympathetic to Stalin’s idea of Russians- Roosevelt was sympathetic to Stalin’s idea of Sphere of Influence/Buffer StatesSphere of Influence/Buffer States
Roosevelt wanted help from Russians with the Fight Roosevelt wanted help from Russians with the Fight against Japan (Russia didn’t declare war on Japan until 2 against Japan (Russia didn’t declare war on Japan until 2 days before war was over)days before war was over)
Buffer ZoneBuffer Zone will later turn into the will later turn into the Communist BlockCommunist Block or or Warsaw Pact-Warsaw Pact- The instillation of communist The instillation of communist controlled governments along the Western border of controlled governments along the Western border of Russia:Russia:
East Germany, Poland, Baltic States, Yugoslavia, East Germany, Poland, Baltic States, Yugoslavia, Romania, Bulgaria…Romania, Bulgaria…
Later known as the Later known as the Iron CurtainIron Curtain phrase was coined phrase was coined by Churchill at by Churchill at
Stalin broke promises Stalin broke promises ““We can’t do business with Stalin. He has broken We can’t do business with Stalin. He has broken
everyone of the promises he made at Yalta.” FDReveryone of the promises he made at Yalta.” FDR
Trends in American Cold War Trends in American Cold War Foreign PolicyForeign Policy American government will confront communism American government will confront communism
were ever it attempts to spread using: were ever it attempts to spread using: Covert ActionCovert Action: : CIA-CIA- influence elections influence elections Money: Money: Marshall PlanMarshall Plan, later loans and economic , later loans and economic
aidaid MilitaryMilitary: Equipment, supplies, training, and direct : Equipment, supplies, training, and direct
military involvementmilitary involvement Greece, Turkey, Guatemala, South KoreaGreece, Turkey, Guatemala, South Korea, ,
American government will support countries, American government will support countries, governments, dictators, and even drug dealers, governments, dictators, and even drug dealers, in an effort to stop the spread of communism.in an effort to stop the spread of communism.
http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/post-ww2.htm
Potsdam Conference July Potsdam Conference July 19451945
Big 3 at Potsdam Truman, Churchill, Big 3 at Potsdam Truman, Churchill, Stalin met in a suburb of Berlin for the Stalin met in a suburb of Berlin for the Potsdam Conference July 17-Aug. 2 Potsdam Conference July 17-Aug. 2
Settled the German reparation question- Settled the German reparation question- Soviets would get assets in the EastSoviets would get assets in the East
Nazi leaders to be tried as war criminals Nazi leaders to be tried as war criminals at at Nuremberg
Korea to be dividedKorea to be divided Truman found out “Trinity” test of A-Bomb Truman found out “Trinity” test of A-Bomb
worked, causes a tougher line with the worked, causes a tougher line with the RussiansRussians
Iron Curtain Speech March Iron Curtain Speech March 5th, 1946 5th, 1946
The Iron Curtain speechThe Iron Curtain speech, perhaps more commonly , perhaps more commonly known as the Sinews of Peace address, was delivered known as the Sinews of Peace address, was delivered by British Prime Minister Winston Churchill on at by British Prime Minister Winston Churchill on at Westminster College, Fulton, Missouri. Westminster College, Fulton, Missouri.
In this speech, Churchill talked about how wrong it In this speech, Churchill talked about how wrong it was that the Russians were occupying European was that the Russians were occupying European countries.countries.
He spoke of all the terrible things that were going on He spoke of all the terrible things that were going on within these countries, and of the threats and dangers within these countries, and of the threats and dangers of Communism. of Communism.
Churchill also described an "Iron Curtain" which Churchill also described an "Iron Curtain" which prevented all communication and connection between prevented all communication and connection between the Soviets and Europe and which hung around many the Soviets and Europe and which hung around many European countries. European countries.
““From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent." the Continent."
How does the use of the How does the use of the atomic bomb on Japan fit atomic bomb on Japan fit
into the Cold War?into the Cold War? The use of the Bomb makes Stalin The use of the Bomb makes Stalin
want speed up research and want speed up research and espionage espionage on a Russian Bomb.on a Russian Bomb.
Some believe that the decision to Some believe that the decision to drop the bomb was in part drop the bomb was in part a a message to Stalinmessage to Stalin that the US was that the US was capable and prepared to use it capable and prepared to use it against Russia if war broke out against Russia if war broke out again.again.
ContainmentContainment in Europe and in Europe and the Middle Eastthe Middle East
George F. Kennan-George F. Kennan- American diplomat in American diplomat in Moscow, expert on Russian historyMoscow, expert on Russian history
8000 word telegram- advice on how US 8000 word telegram- advice on how US should deal with Soviet Union and should deal with Soviet Union and Communism spreadCommunism spread
Stated the Soviet Union was paranoid of Stated the Soviet Union was paranoid of Western attackWestern attack
Suggested Suggested ContainmentContainment strategy- prevent strategy- prevent the spread of communismthe spread of communism
Communism in Europe would Communism in Europe would eventually eventually die out!die out!
Truman and subsequent presidents adopt Truman and subsequent presidents adopt this view.this view.
Truman DoctrineTruman Doctrine 1947 1947 Secretary of State- Secretary of State- Dean AchesonDean Acheson (Strong Anti- (Strong Anti-
Communist) suggests to Truman, if Greece falls Communist) suggests to Truman, if Greece falls to communism- Turkey and other countries will to communism- Turkey and other countries will fall…fall…
Truman articulates American Policy in speech Truman articulates American Policy in speech to joint session of Congressto joint session of Congress
Prompted by Communist actions in Prompted by Communist actions in GreeceGreece (Civil War) and Turkey(Civil War) and Turkey
US policy will aid all countries in the world that US policy will aid all countries in the world that are suffering from communist subversionare suffering from communist subversion
Primarily economic aid (Primarily economic aid (Marshall PlanMarshall Plan) but will ) but will also include military equipment and trainingalso include military equipment and training
Congress will appropriate $400 million Congress will appropriate $400 million Policy will be Policy will be replicatedreplicated by subsequent by subsequent
presidentspresidents
““Truman Doctrine”Truman Doctrine”
““I believe that it must be the Policy I believe that it must be the Policy of the United States to support free of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressure.”by outside pressure.”
Marshall Plan 1947Marshall Plan 1947 George MarshallGeorge Marshall, Secretary of State for Truman, Secretary of State for Truman Former Chief of Staff for the Army- coordinated Former Chief of Staff for the Army- coordinated
the American strategy WWIIthe American strategy WWII Feared further Feared further communist popularitycommunist popularity in post-war in post-war
Europe (Socialist movements were gaining power Europe (Socialist movements were gaining power France, Italy, due to- severe destruction, France, Italy, due to- severe destruction, economic declines brought by the war- In bad economic declines brought by the war- In bad economic circumstances Communism sounds like economic circumstances Communism sounds like a good idea)a good idea)
Proposes a plan to offer Proposes a plan to offer Massive Economic Aid to Massive Economic Aid to EuropeanEuropean countries to help rebuild economies countries to help rebuild economies and prevent attractiveness of communism ($13 and prevent attractiveness of communism ($13 Billion in 3yrs)Billion in 3yrs) Complemented Truman DoctrineComplemented Truman Doctrine
Berlin Crisis 1948-49Berlin Crisis 1948-49 Part of the settlement at PotsdamPart of the settlement at Potsdam Germany was to be partitioned Germany was to be partitioned 4 4
administrative areasadministrative areas Berlin alsoBerlin also When the US, France, and Britain prepared When the US, France, and Britain prepared
unite the Western portion of Germany and unite the Western portion of Germany and the Western portion of Berlin- the Western portion of Berlin-
Russians try to force Western powers out Russians try to force Western powers out of Berlinof Berlin preventing access to the Western preventing access to the Western portion of the city (portion of the city (BlockadeBlockade))
Truman responds with Truman responds with Berlin Airlift Berlin Airlift supplying Berlin by air, 13,000 tons of supplying Berlin by air, 13,000 tons of supplies per day, airlift lasts 300 dayssupplies per day, airlift lasts 300 days
West Germany- West Germany- Federal Republic of Germany (pro USA) Federal Republic of Germany (pro USA)
East Germany- German Democratic Republic (GDR)
NATO NATO 19491949
North Atlantic Treaty OrganizationNorth Atlantic Treaty Organization Cold War defensive allianceCold War defensive alliance between between
countries in Europe-and the United Statescountries in Europe-and the United States Europeans invited the United States to Europeans invited the United States to
take an active role in European defensetake an active role in European defense ““An armed attack against one or more of An armed attack against one or more of
them in Europe or North America… an them in Europe or North America… an attack against all”attack against all”
In Asia- In Asia- SEATO-SEATO- South East Asia Treaty South East Asia Treaty OrganizationOrganization
NATONATO April 4, 1949 as an international organization for the April 4, 1949 as an international organization for the
political and military defense of the political and military defense of the USUS and and CanadaCanada and the European states of and the European states of BelgiumBelgium, , DenmarkDenmark, , FranceFrance (which ceased to be a member of the military (which ceased to be a member of the military structure of the organization in 1966), structure of the organization in 1966), Great BritainGreat Britain, , IcelandIceland, , Italy, LuxemburgItaly, Luxemburg, the , the NetherlandsNetherlands, , NorwayNorway, , and and PortugalPortugal. .
An important An important goal of NATOgoal of NATO for more than for more than forty years has been defense against the forty years has been defense against the expansionist ambitions of Communism, and expansionist ambitions of Communism, and particularly defense against the USSR and the particularly defense against the USSR and the Warsaw Pact — until their dissolution in 1991.Warsaw Pact — until their dissolution in 1991.
Countries entering later are Countries entering later are GreeceGreece and and TurkeyTurkey (1952), the (1952), the Federal Republic of GermanyFederal Republic of Germany (1955), (1955), SpainSpain (1982), Hungary, Poland and Czechoslovakia (1982), Hungary, Poland and Czechoslovakia ((19991999). ).
NATO MapNATO Map
Soviet BlockSoviet Block Soviets create an alliance- Soviets create an alliance- Communist Communist
BlockBlock or Warsaw Pact countries- or Warsaw Pact countries- defensive alliance dominated by Soviets-defensive alliance dominated by Soviets-
19551955 by Albania, Bulgaria, by Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the Soviet Union. Soviet Union.
The organization was the Soviet bloc's The organization was the Soviet bloc's equivalent of the North Atlantic Treaty equivalent of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Organization.
American Cold War American Cold War Bureaucracy Bureaucracy Under Under Truman the apparatus for national securityTruman the apparatus for national security
expandsexpands National Security Act- 1947:National Security Act- 1947: Established Air Force as separate military bodyEstablished Air Force as separate military body
Strategic Air Command-theStrategic Air Command-the round-the-clock surveillance round-the-clock surveillance and bombing preparationand bombing preparation
Department of DefenseDepartment of Defense National Security Council-National Security Council- to coordinate between to coordinate between
State and Defense departmentsState and Defense departments Established the Established the Central Intelligence AgencyCentral Intelligence Agency
(CIA)-(CIA)- will engage in intelligence gathering, then will engage in intelligence gathering, then covertcovert operations to operations to subvert pro-communistsubvert pro-communist governments- used governments- used $,$, murdermurder, , propagandapropaganda to to influence domestic politics in foreign countries influence domestic politics in foreign countries (Italy, Greece, Albania, Guatemala, (Italy, Greece, Albania, Guatemala,
Truman and IsraelTruman and Israel
1948- Truman officially recognizes 1948- Truman officially recognizes the existence and legitimacy of the existence and legitimacy of IsraelIsrael
Part of Cold War- US wanted Part of Cold War- US wanted influence in Middle Eastinfluence in Middle East
NSC- 68 ReportNSC- 68 Report Truman orders a study Truman orders a study
of National Security of National Security after Russians after Russians detonate A-Bombdetonate A-Bomb
Results of the study Results of the study lead to increased lead to increased military military preparedness and preparedness and fear of the fear of the International International CommunismCommunism
Study RecommendationsStudy Recommendations Intensify intelligenceIntensify intelligence
OperationsOperations US should encourage US should encourage
unrest in Soviet Satellite unrest in Soviet Satellite countries countries
Increase researchIncrease research and and development of military development of military capabilitiescapabilities
Increase militaryIncrease military preparednesspreparedness
Create a standing army- Create a standing army- increase military levelsincrease military levels
Increase military budgetIncrease military budget
Revolution in ChinaRevolution in China Nationalist-CapitalistNationalist-Capitalist Chiang Kai ShekChiang Kai Shek Supported by TrumanSupported by Truman Corrupt-limited support Corrupt-limited support
from Chinese peoplefrom Chinese people Lose to communists-even Lose to communists-even
with US helpwith US help Evacuate to Formosa or Evacuate to Formosa or
modern Taiwan and set up modern Taiwan and set up the Republic of Chinathe Republic of China
TaiwanTaiwan will remain US ally will remain US ally and US will protect its and US will protect its independence through independence through todaytoday
Significance: Early victory Significance: Early victory for communists will foster a for communists will foster a hard-line reaction from hard-line reaction from American AdministrationAmerican Administration
Asia will become a Asia will become a battleground for the Cold battleground for the Cold WarWar
CommunistsCommunists Mao Tse TungMao Tse Tung Supported by Soviet UnionSupported by Soviet Union Opposition group to Opposition group to
ChiangChiang Fights for dominance in Fights for dominance in
ChinaChina Very popular with ChineseVery popular with Chinese Defeats Chiang’s forcesDefeats Chiang’s forces Will become a strong Will become a strong
advocate for the expansion advocate for the expansion of communism in Asiaof communism in Asia
Will later support the Will later support the North Koreans, North North Koreans, North VietnameseVietnamese
Mao leads the communists Mao leads the communists till he dies in the 1970’still he dies in the 1970’s
Truman and ChinaTruman and China
Truman was criticized for not meeting Truman was criticized for not meeting the communist challenge in Chinathe communist challenge in China
However, the US would have had to However, the US would have had to send troops and massive aid to Chiang send troops and massive aid to Chiang in order to delay the inevitable. in order to delay the inevitable. ChiangChiang had no chance of winning the had no chance of winning the Civil War- Civil War- MaoMao was too popular. was too popular.
Truman and Eisenhower vow to Truman and Eisenhower vow to protect Republic of China on the protect Republic of China on the island of Taiwanisland of Taiwan (Formosa) (Formosa)