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 Collocation & Corpus

Linguistics

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What is Collocation ?

  Collocation vs. colligation

Types of collocation in English

 What is Corpus Linguistics?

 What does CL have to do with collocation ?

Examples

Agenda

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The idea of collocation was first introduced by J. R.

Firth in 1957.

“You shall know a word ! the co"pan! it keeps#$

  Collocation is the statistically significant tendency fortwo or more words to cooccur together.

 !the habitual association of a word in a language with

other particular words in sentences." # $obins%&'''%(.)*+ ,nd this appears to have arisen aritraril! in the course

of language evolution.

 

Collocation

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Strongwind

Heavyrain

Strongtea

Heavywind

Strongrain

Powerf ul tea

 %he aritrar! nature o collections

etween near s!non!"s

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, distinction is often made between colligation and

collocation.

Colligation concerns the gra""atical patterns 

re-uired by certain words or types of words whilecollocation focuses on le'ical ite"s repeatedl! co(

occurring in company in the frame of certain

grammatical patterns.

or example% the verb en/oy can be used in !0

2oing" and !0 3oun" patterns

 Collocation ) Colligation

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Le'ical Collocations Adopted ro" *enson et al. +,-/0 ver 1 noun compose music4 mae an impression4ver 1noun

revoe a license4 demolish a housead2ective 1 nounstrong tea4 a rough estimatenoun 1 ver bees bu664 bombs explode

noun, o& noun3 pac of dogs4 a herd of buffaload2ective 1 adver4 adver 1 ad2ectivesound asleep4 hopelessly addicted

ver 1 adverargue heatedly

 %!pes o Collocation in 5nglish

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The Term corpus first appeared in the early 19's.

 There are many ways to define a corpus % but there are

a growing consensus that a corpus is a collection of

"achine readale authentic  texts or transcriptswhich is sa"pled to be a representative of a particular

language or language variety.

 3ow 8

  Corpus Linguistics

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t is debatable whether C: is a methodology or a

 branch of linguistics.

 C: can be considered as a methodology with a wide

range of applications across many areas and theories oflinguistics.

CL

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Corpora give a very good insight into collocations.

Corpora show us the !preferred way of putting things"

and thus provide an insight into nativelie selection.

CL & Collocation

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The concordancer can do more than /ust list the

examples randomly. The programs ;ord<mith Tools or

,ntConc% for example% can resort the context #either to

the left or to the right of the node+ so that it is possible

to loo for patterns and regularities in the use of a

certain word.

CL & Collocation