Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Columbia Rotary, April 14, 2014Bryan E. Beyer, Ph.D.Associate Provost and
Dean of the College of Arts and SciencesColumbia International University
Jerusalem and Passover in the Time of Jesus
Jerusalem from the Mount of Olives
Model of the Jerusalem of Jesus’ Day
Courtesy of www.bibleplaces.com
Jerusalem under David and SolomonCourtesy of www.bibleplaces.com
A Model of the Jerusalem Temple
Courtesy of www.bibleplaces.com
Josephus (late 1st century AD)Rabbinic sources (Mishnah, Talmud)The New Testament
Sources for the period: how do we know what we know?
A time to remember (Exodus 12)Commemorated
Israel’s deliverance from slavery in Egypt
God struck down Egypt’s firstborn
The blood of the passover lambs on Israelite homes protected their firstborn
Passover: A time to remember, a time to gather
A time to remember (Exodus 12)Commemorated
Israel’s deliverance from slavery in Egypt
God struck down Egypt’s firstborn
The blood of the passover lambs on Israelite homes protected their firstborn
Israel’s three primary feastsPassoverThe feast of weeksThe feast of booths
Every Jewish male was supposed to come to Jerusalem50,000 b ecame
250,000 or more!
Passover: A time to remember, a time to gather
A time to gather (Leviticus 23)
Why did Jesus’ popularity especially concern the Jerusalem leadership?
Because of the delicate balance between the Jewish ruling parties
and the ultimate ruling party—Rome.
Why did Jesus’ popularity especially concern the Jerusalem leadership?
The major Jewish groups of Jesus’ dayThe Pharisees
Middle classWhole Old
TestamentAfterlife
The major Jewish groups of Jesus’ dayThe Pharisees
Middle classWhole Old
TestamentAfterlife
The SadduceesAristocracyOnly the TorahNo afterlife
The major Jewish groups of Jesus’ dayThe Pharisees
Middle classWhole Old TestamentAfterlife
The SadduceesAristocracyOnly the TorahNo afterlife
The EssenesWithdrew from
societyLived by the Dead Sea
The major Jewish groups of Jesus’ dayThe Pharisees
Middle classWhole Old TestamentAfterlife
The SadduceesAristocracyOnly the TorahNo afterlife
The EssenesWithdrew from
societyLived by the Dead Sea
The Herodians A political groupWealthy Jews who
supported Herod’s house
The major Jewish groups of Jesus’ dayThe Pharisees
Middle classWhole Old TestamentAfterlife
The SadduceesAristocracyOnly the TorahNo afterlife
The EssenesWithdrew from
societyLived by the Dead Sea
The Herodians A political groupWealthy Jews who
supported Herod’s house
The ZealotsPolitical groupReady to fight and
die for their faith
Passover could be a dangerous time for
everyone in Jerusalem.
Some of them went to the Pharisees and told them what Jesus had done. So the chief priests and the Pharisees gathered the Council and said, “What are we to do? For this man performs many signs. If we let him go on like this, everyone will believe in him, and the Romans will come and take away our place and our nation.”
John 11:46-48 (ESV)
But one of them, Caiaphas, who was high priest that year, said to them, “You know nothing at all. Nor do you understand that it is better that one man should die for the people, not that the whole nation should perish.”
So from that day on they made plans to put him to death.
John 11:49-50, 53 (ESV)
Questions or Comments?
![Dissertation2005 Beyer[1]](https://img.pdfslide.net/doc/110x75/577ce0751a28ab9e78b362d8/dissertation2005-beyer1.jpg)
