reFlex™ 100 High Solvating Bio-Derived Plasticizer

Compared to Other High Solvating Plasticizer Alternatives

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Contents

Introduction to PolyOne

PolyOne’s Bio-derived Plasticizer Initiative

reFlexTM 100 Bioplasticizer - “Accelerator” Comparison

Discussion

Introduction to PolyOne

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PolyOne at a GlanceGlobal Reach & Breadth

More than 35,000 solutions

40 manufacturing facilities and warehousing facilities in 20 countries

More than 10,000 customers in 35 countries

Operations in North America, South America,Europe and Asia

Joint ventures in North Americaand South America

Corporate headquarters innortheast Ohio, U.S.A.

Annual revenues of $2.9 billion

PolyOne’s Bioplasticizer Initiative

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PolyOne’s Bioplasticizer Project

Working in collaboration with Archer Daniels Midland and the Battelle Institute to develop and commercialize a pipeline of plasticizer technologies based upon renewable feedstocks.

Seeking to validate the commercial and technical viability of these solutions.

The initial commercial offering reFlex™ 100 offers the potential to replace other high solvating plasticizers as a co-plasticizer or “accelerator” across a range of applications.

reFlex 100 has been produced on a large, commercial scale, and is available for sampling or sale.

reFlex™ 100 Comparison to Other High Solvating Plasticizers

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reFlex™ 100 High Solvating Plasticizer ComparisonIntroduction

Companies who historically used fast gelling, high solvating phthalate plasticizers have been compelled to switch to alternate systems, most of which are not as fast or efficient.reFlex 100 offers significant benefits as a co-plasticizer with the capability to:

Dramatically improve the rate of gelation and fusion, thereby recovering lost manufacturing efficiencies,Reduce paste viscosity without sacrificing viscosity stability andImprove heat stability even with the elimination of ESO and the potential reduction of metal stabilizers.

Other plasticizers are often used in this application.reFlex 100 is compared to several commercially available high solvators.

reFlex 100 provides the best balance of properties as an accelerator.

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reFlex™ 100 High Solvating Plasticizer ComparisonTest Formulations & Properties

reFlex 100…provides the functionality of ESO, imparting excellent thermal stability.retains excellent air release performance.offers the greatest efficiency offering the potential for reduced plasticizer use for equal hardness.

Material100% DINP

25% reFlex 100 25% BBP

25% DPGDB 25% IDB

Geon 121AR Resin 100 100 100 100 100DINP 67 52.5 50.2 50.2 50.2

reFlex 100 0 17.5 0 0 0Butyl Benzyl Phthalate (BBP) 0 0 16.75 0 0

Dipropylene Glycol Dibenzoate (DPGDB) 0 0 0 16.75 0Isodecyl Benzoate (IDB) 0 0 0 0 16.75

Epoxidized Soybean Oil (ESO) 3 0 3 3 3Ba/Zn Heat Stabilizer 2 2 2 2 2

Air Release Excellent Excellent Poor Poor ExcellentShore A Hardness 80 75 77 77 77

reFlex™ 100 High Solvating Plasticizer ComparisonVolatility & Heat Loss

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reFlex 100 is comparable to most other low molecular weight, fast fusing plasticizers in terms of volatility.

exhibits acceptable volatility and heat loss for many applications when blended as an accelerator.

100% DINP

25% reFlex 100 25% BBP

25% DPGDB 25% IDB

Volatility (%loss) Neat Accelerator na 11.9% 4.8% 6.7% 44.8% Plasticizer Blend 1.6% 3.5% 2.1% 2.8% 13.2%

Heat Loss @180°F (%), 7Day 0.6% 2.9% 2.0% 1.7% 9.5%Heat Loss @180°F (%), 14Day 0.9% 4.0% 3.1% 2.4% 9.8%

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reFlex™ 100 High Solvating Plasticizer ComparisonPaste Viscosity

reFlex 100 … provides exceptional paste viscosity reduction and stability without excessive volatility.

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reFlex™ 100 High Solvating Plasticizer ComparisonGel Rates

reFlex 100’s superior solvating power provides the greatest reduction in gel temperature.

100.020.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0temperature (Deg C)

100000

1.000

10.00

100.0

1000

10000

vis

co

sit

y (

po

ise

)

131ACCE.06F-Temp ramp131ACCE.06F-Temp Hold 10"131ACCE.06F-Cool Down988ACCE.05F-Temp rampBBPACCE.02F-Temp rampCTRLACCE.01F-Temp rampCTRLACCE.01F-Temp Hold 10"CTRLACCE.01F-Cool DownEMSACCE.03F-Temp rampEMSACCE.03F-Temp Hold 10"EMSACCE.03F-Cool DownMB10ACCE.04F-Temp rampMB10ACCE.04F-Temp Hold 10"MB10ACCE.04F-Cool Down

Chemistry Gel Temp.

100% DINP ~73°C

25% reFlex 100 ~67°C

25% BBP ~68°C

25% DPGDB ~69°C

25% IDB ~71°C

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reFlex™ 100 High Solvating Plasticizer ComparisonMechanical Properties

reFlex 100… promotes rapid development of mechanical properties…

…but ultimate tensile strength is slightly reduced due to the lower durometer of the blends resulting from reFlex 100’s improved efficiency.

100%

D

INP

reFl

ex100™

BBP

DPG

DB

IDB

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reFlex™ 100 High Solvating Plasticizer ComparisonHeat Stability

100% DINP

25% reFlex 100

25% DPGDB

25% IDB

reFlex 100significantly improves heat stability compared to the others.

25% BBP

Heat Stability; Metrastat Oven, 375o F; from 5 to 60 minutes5 Minutes 60 Minutes

Summary High Solvating Plasticizer Blends with DINP at 25% Replacement

Property BBP DPGDB IDB reFlex™ 100

Air Release - - = =

Efficiency + + + ++Volatility - - - - -Heat Loss - - - - -Viscosity Reduction = - + +

Viscosity Stability at Room Temp = = = =Gel Rate ++ ++ + ++Mechanical Properties = = = =Thermal Stability = = = ++Non Phthalate - + + +

Renewable Content (neat plasticizer) 0% 0% 0% 94%

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reFlex™ 100 vs Alternative High Solvating Plasticizers Benefits

Benefits Resulting FromAllows the incorporation of rapidly renewable materialCustomers may be able to certify their products to USDA BioPreferred® standard and potentially qualify for the Federal Procurement Preference program

Certified to 94% biobased content

Increased productivity due to reduced evacuation timeImproved quality due to reduced defect rates

Improved air release

Reduced usage level Greater efficiencyFast processingLower gelation & fusion temperatures possible

Fast gelation and fusion

Easier material handlingConsistent processing

Lower paste viscosity / viscosity stability

Reduced levels of heat stabilizersMore robust performance

Imparts excellent thermal stability

Can blend with non-phthalates and retain non-phthalate status Non-Phthalate

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reFlex™ 100 High Solvating Plasticizer ComparisonSummary

As companies have been compelled to change to alternative plasticizer systems, productivity has often been sacrificed.reFlex 100 as an “accelerator” exhibits the best balance of properties to allow for the recovery of lost productivity:

Fastest gelationGreatest efficiency

With the added benefits of:Significantly reduced paste viscosityUniquely improved heat stabilityThe incorporation of rapidly renewable content

Without impacting air release and viscosity stabilityWhile maintaining an acceptable level of volatility for many applications

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USDA BioPreferred® Program

Purpose: To promote the increased purchase and use of biobased products with the following benefits:

Economic - Promote economic development, create new jobs, provide new markets for farm commoditiesEnvironmental - Reduce petroleum consumption, increase the use of renewable resources, better manage the carbon cycle, and contribute to reducing adverse environmental and health impacts

Program: Driving two major initiatives:Product Labeling

USDA certifies and awards labels to qualifying products to increase consumer recognition of biobased products

Federal Procurement Preference USDA designates categories of biobased products that are afforded preference by Federal agencies when making purchasing decisions

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reFlex™ 100: USDA BioPreferred® Status

reFlex 100 was tested to USDA BioPreferred standards and has been certified to be 94% biobased

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Which strategic option should we pursue?

The Changing Plasticizer Landscape

Phthalate?

Renewable?

Non-Phthalate?

reFlex™ 100 adds another tool to your toolbox

N

10001000

Recover lost productivity

Improve fusion of DINCH,

DOTP

Renewable?94% renewable

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Discussion

Questions?

Thank You!Please contact

stephen.horton@polyone.comwith any questions

Steve HortonPolyOne Corporation

33587 Walker Rd.Avon Lake, OH 44012

Licensed under U.S. Pat. No. 6,797,753 and its North American, European, and Asian family.BioPreferred® is a registered trademark of the United States Department of Agriculture.