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Comparative experiments for Concentration and Tracking in Photovoltaic Power Generation. 2005. 10. 7. Hyun-Kyung Oh Korea Maritime University. Contents. Ⅰ. Background & Objectives. Ⅱ. Configuration of experimental System. Ⅲ. Analysis of experimental results. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Comparative experiments for Concentration and Tracking Comparative experiments for Concentration and Tracking in Photovoltaic Power Generationin Photovoltaic Power Generation
2005. 10. 7
Hyun-Kyung OhKorea Maritime University
Hyun-Kyung OhKorea Maritime University
Ⅰ. Background & ObjectivesⅠ. Background & Objectives
Ⅱ. Configuration of experimental System Ⅱ. Configuration of experimental System
Ⅲ. Analysis of experimental resultsⅢ. Analysis of experimental results
Ⅳ. Conclusion and Future Study Ⅳ. Conclusion and Future Study
ContentsContents
Background & ObjectiveBackground & Objective
Environmental agreement more than 150 countries helps to reduce gas emission that are suspected to be the cause of global warming.
The Kyoto Protocol entered into force on 16th Feb. 2005.
Joint implementation of Korea was postponed up to 2012 year, but amount of CO2 emission as of 2002 is 1.87% of world
A plan to diffuse 10 thousands of sun roofs which is 3kW grid connected PV power generation until 2006 year
Substitute 5% of total nation’s energy with
alternative energy until 2011 year
The Kyoto protocol & it’s effectsThe Kyoto protocol & it’s effects
Korean government :Korean government :
Background & ObjectiveBackground & Objective
Supports 250 billion Won during 5 years from May of 2004 in the fields of alternative energy resource like fuel cell, wind force and PV and to develop technology of 5 million Won per kW of PV until 2012 year
Nation/Year 1989 1992 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
U.S.A. 14 18 54 61 75 100 120 104
EU 8 16 34 40 61 171 135 190
Japan 14 19 49 80 128 86 251 364
Others 4 4 18 20 23 33 56 84
Total(MWp)
40 57 155 201 287 391 562 742
Source: PV News
Market of PVMarket of PV
Background & ObjectiveBackground & Objective
Month Power generated[ WH] Total Power generated
PV-1(230,30) PV-2(180,30) PV-3(180,50)
1 92,341 96,211 83,576 272,128
2 98,248 105,841 84,987 289,076
3 100,511 109,103 92,629 302,243
4 106,156 114,157 94,461 314,774
5 104,704 109,051 90,968 304,723
6 116,540 123,242 91,622 331,404
7 89,152 98,813 74,743 262,708
8 74,061 83,458 61,850 219,369
9 98,357 119,977 78,039 296,373
10 111,286 127,062 88,195 326,543
11 94,516 111,677 76,294 282,487
12 82,124 91,201 72,891 246,216
Total 1,167,995 1,289,791 965,255 3,448,044
In Chosun University from 2001 during 2 years, 3 kW grid connected PV system.Solar modules into three groups with each 1 kW, 20 sheets of solar modules.
Operating results of Chosun University systemOperating results of Chosun University systemazimuth
angletilting angle
Spring time is clear and sunnyTilting angle is more important than azimuth angle and
spring time is better season for PV power generation.
Background & ObjectiveBackground & Objective
• Cost of PV module is over 70% of total solar gCost of PV module is over 70% of total solar generation plant cost.eneration plant cost.
• To reduce cost per kW To reduce cost per kW Increasing the efficiency of PV (Now 15 to 18%
efficiency) and reduce PV cost with mass production
System optimization including grid connected inverter Efficient methodology like concentration, tracking of sun and Efficient methodology like concentration, tracking of sun and
systemsystem
Background & ObjectiveBackground & Objective
Efficiency changes by concentration Current changes by concentration
Spectrolab Inc. USASpectrolab Inc. USA
Configuration of SystemConfiguration of System
Item symbol Specification
Nominal Peak Power Wp 75 W
Maximum Power Voltage Vmpp 17.6 V
Maximum Power Current Impp 4.26 A
Solar Cell Efficiency c 13.4 %
Module Efficency m 11.7 %
Electrical Values Under Standard Conditions
1000W/m2, 25oC,1.5 AM
Length*Width*Height L*W*H 1195 *535*35mm
Weight M 9 kg
Operating temperature -40 ~ 90 oC
Storage temperature -40 ~ 90 oC
Maximum system Volatage DC 600 V
Specification of PV ModuleSpecification of PV Module
Configuration of SystemConfiguration of System
System I•Fixed to south direction and 35 degree tilting angle•No Cooling system
System II• Concentration and trackable solar module• With Cooling system
Fixed solar module and concentrating solar moduleFixed solar module and concentrating solar module
Configuration of SystemConfiguration of System
Data Aqusition system Collect voltage, current and temperature in every 5 sec. of system I and II Remote Monitoring system
Display data on monitor and save to database and file in every 1 min.
Schematic diagram of experimentSchematic diagram of experiment
Configuration of SystemConfiguration of System
System ISystem II
Monitor display of PV systemMonitor display of PV system
Date : 29th Aug. 2005Weather : In the morning(Clean sky),Afternoon(Clound 30%)System I no cooling, System II cooling
Analysis of experimental resultsAnalysis of experimental results
0
15
30
45
60
75
90
06:41 07:41 08:41 09:41 10:41 11:41 12:41 13:41 14:41 15:41 16:41 17:41
TIME
Po
wer[
W]
System ISystem II
System I depend on light and kaleidoscopic change
System II generate steady good quality of power even though
thin cloudy day .
Generated power of System I and System II during a dayGenerated power of System I and System II during a day
System II generate about 90% of rating power and steady right after sunrise
Analysis of experimental resultsAnalysis of experimental results
0
12
24
36
48
60
72
06:41 07:41 08:41 09:41 10:41 11:41 12:41 13:41 14:41 15:41 16:41 17:41
TIME
Tem
pera
ture
['C
]
System ISystem II
Temperature changes of system I and System II during a Temperature changes of system I and System II during a dayday
Temperature of System II is Similar with System I due to Expended tube fin type cooling system, efficiency of cooling is not good
Analysis of experimental resultsAnalysis of experimental results
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00
TIME
Per
cen
tag
e
System ISystem II
Mid day two systems are similar but System II shows better result until
sunset
Comparison of practical usage of solar radiationComparison of practical usage of solar radiation
System II use over 30% of solar radiation in the
morning
Analysis of experimental resultsAnalysis of experimental results
0
20
40
60
80
07:00 08:03 09:05 10:07 11:28 12:34 13:36 14:38 15:39 16:43 17:46
Time
Pow
er[w
]
System ISysytem II
3 times Concentration3 times Concentration
Date : 29th Sep. 2005Weather : In the morning(Cloud 70%),Afternoon(Clean sky)System I no cooling, System II cooling
Analysis of experimental resultsAnalysis of experimental results
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
07:00 08:03 09:05 10:07 11:28 12:34 13:36 14:38 15:39 16:43 17:46
Time
Tem
pera
ture
['c]
System ISystem II
3 times Concentration3 times Concentration
Analysis of experimental resultsAnalysis of experimental results3 times Concentration3 times Concentration
0%
15%
30%
45%
60%
7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00
TIME
Perc
enta
ge
System ISystem II
Conclusion & Future StudyConclusion & Future Study
• According to coming force of Kyoto protocol there are too much concerning about clean energy.
• Concentration and tracking system can reduce cost per kW effectively in PV generation.
• 3 times concentration system can be applied without additional cooling system.
• If cooling heat can be recycled , combination system of solar heat and power is more effective.
• Tracking system is available because tilting angle affect to the efficiency of PV .
• Practical studies of grid connected concentration and tracking PV generation system are needed in near future.