Compressor Training (Very Basic)

8/10/2019 Compressor Training (Very Basic)

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INTRODUCTION

TOCOMPRESSOR



What is Compressor

A machine or mechanical device that is used

to increase the liquid pressure or compressa gas.

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Two Basic Compressor Types

Types of Compressors

Type of

compressor

Positive

displacementDynamic

Reciprocating Rotary Centrifugal Axial



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• International Standard: API 618

• Used for air and refrigerant compression

• Works like a bicycle pump: cylinder volume reduceswhile pressure increases, with pulsating output

• Single acting when using one side of the piston, and

double acting when using both sides

Reciprocating Compressor




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• Driver:

- Induction motor or synchronized motor

- Diesel or gas engine

•Drive System- Belting or direct driven with coupling

• Capacity control

- Suction valve unloader (stepped controls)

- Recycling or spill back

- VFD

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Advantages

• Simple and open in construction

• Site repair possible

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Single and multi-stage with inter-cooling• High pressure ratio

• Low and medium operating speed

Disadvantages

• High wearing rate on piston rings

• Pulsating flow required piping analysis

• Large foundation and bulky installation7



8Screw compressor


• Rotors instead of pistons: continuous

discharge

• Benefits: low cost, compact, low weight, easy t

• Types

• Lobe compressor

• Screw compressor

• Rotary vane / Slide vane

Rotary Compressor




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Rotary Compressor

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• Driver:

- Induction motor or synchronized motor

- Diesel or gas engine

• Drive System

- Belting or direct driven with coupling

• Capacity control

- Suction valve throttling (stepless controls)

- Recycling or spill back

- VFD

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Centrifugal Compressor


• Rotating impeller create centrifugal force and

transfers the energy to move gas

• Continuous duty

• Designed oil free

• High volume applications

up to 450,000 m3/hr

• Single or multi-stage

Dynamic Compressor




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• Advantages

– Reliable and suitable for uninterrupted operation without standby

– No major wearing parts, compact design, easy to install

– Able to handle large flow

– High efficiency

– Can handle most of process gas

– Flexible in driver selection

– Variable capacity at constant speed

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• Disadvantages

– Sensitive to ambient condition changes

– Required surge protection

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Required vibration monitoring due to high speed – High initial cost

– Special arrangement to make sure no liquid carry over with

process gas i.e. dry gas seal system

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Compressor Training (Very Basic)