Computers 101Computers 101

An Introduction to the Personal An Introduction to the Personal ComputerComputer

Part IPart IIntroduction…Introduction…

Hardware verses SoftwareHardware verses Software

The Big Picture…The Big Picture…

Stuff to Know…

Hardware(The physical parts)

Software(The programs)

ComputerParts

OperatingSystem

ApplicationSoftware

Hardware vs. SoftwareHardware vs. Software

HARDWAREHARDWARE The physical stuff The physical stuff

that makes up your that makes up your computer system, the computer system, the electronics, the electronics, the monitor, keyboard, monitor, keyboard, etc.etc.

SOFTWARESOFTWARE The computers The computers

programs. Software programs. Software is a collection of is a collection of codes that tell the codes that tell the hardware how to hardware how to work.work.

HardwareHardware

Hardware includes all Hardware includes all of the physical of the physical devices and devices and electronics that make electronics that make up the computer.up the computer.

We We WillWill Learn Hardware… Learn Hardware…(On Thursday…)(On Thursday…)

We will disassemble a computer and look We will disassemble a computer and look at all of the components inside and learn at all of the components inside and learn how they work and how they perform.how they work and how they perform.

Learning computer components, and how Learning computer components, and how their performance is measured, will help their performance is measured, will help you when you buy a PC.you when you buy a PC.

SoftwareSoftware

ComputerSoftware

OperatingSystem

ApplicationSoftware

The Operating SystemThe Operating System

The operating The operating system controls all of system controls all of the other programs.the other programs.

The operating The operating system is always system is always running.running.

The operating The operating system manages all system manages all of the computers of the computers files.files.

Application SoftwareApplication Software

Application software Application software allows you to do allows you to do practical work, such practical work, such as type documents, as type documents, manage accounts, manage accounts, surf the web, etc.surf the web, etc.

Some examples Some examples include Powerpoint, include Powerpoint, Excel, Word, Internet Excel, Word, Internet Explorer, etc.Explorer, etc.

Software We Will Learn…Software We Will Learn…

In the Computers 101 course we will In the Computers 101 course we will learn how to use the following learn how to use the following software:software: The Windows XP operating systemThe Windows XP operating system Microsoft NotepadMicrosoft Notepad Microsoft Internet Explorer (basics Microsoft Internet Explorer (basics

only…)only…)

Part IIPart IIPowering UpPowering Up

Turning the Beast On,Turning the Beast On,

and then Off again, and then Off again, CorrectlyCorrectly

Powering Up – Powering Up – Booting UpBooting Up

Despite how simple it sounds, lots can Despite how simple it sounds, lots can happen when you switch the PC on happen when you switch the PC on during the during the boot-up boot-up process.process. Boot-UP:Boot-UP: The checklist process the The checklist process the

computer goes through as soon as you flip computer goes through as soon as you flip on the power. The computer is literally on the power. The computer is literally trying to “trying to “pull itself up by its boot strapspull itself up by its boot straps.”.”

Start-up Procedure-Start-up Procedure-Things you do…Things you do…

1.1. Make sure everything is plugged in and Make sure everything is plugged in and the power strip is “ON”the power strip is “ON”

2.2. Press the Power button on the Press the Power button on the computer’s consolecomputer’s console

3.3. Press the Power button on the monitorPress the Power button on the monitor

4.4. Turn on any other equipment; speakers, Turn on any other equipment; speakers, printers, etc.printers, etc.

Start-up Procedure-Start-up Procedure-Things the PC does…Things the PC does…

1.1. The computer begins reading its The computer begins reading its checklist procedure from the BIOS checklist procedure from the BIOS ((BBasic asic IInput/nput/OOutput utput SSystem) chip.ystem) chip.

2.2. The computer checks all of its circuits, The computer checks all of its circuits, checks the time, and memory.checks the time, and memory.

3.3. The computer then looks for the drive The computer then looks for the drive that contains the operating system, and that contains the operating system, and starts running it. starts running it.

Windows Takes Over…Windows Takes Over…

Once operating system takes over once Once operating system takes over once the computer finds it.the computer finds it.

As soon as the operating system finishes As soon as the operating system finishes loading its internal programs, you’re loading its internal programs, you’re ready to use the computer.ready to use the computer.

You know you’re ready to start using the You know you’re ready to start using the computer because the mouse cursor is computer because the mouse cursor is shaped like a pointer.shaped like a pointer.

When Things go Wrong…When Things go Wrong…

If your computer doesn’t boot-up If your computer doesn’t boot-up properly, follow the instructions on screen properly, follow the instructions on screen and continue.and continue. Depressed Key:Depressed Key: If a book was resting on If a book was resting on

the keyboard and depressing a key, an error the keyboard and depressing a key, an error will appear. Simply be sure no keys are will appear. Simply be sure no keys are being mistakenly pressed, and tap the being mistakenly pressed, and tap the spacebar to continue.spacebar to continue.

When Things go Wrong…When Things go Wrong…

Continued…Continued… Disk in Drive:Disk in Drive: If a disk was left in the floppy If a disk was left in the floppy

drive, or sometimes the CD-ROM drive, the drive, or sometimes the CD-ROM drive, the computer will again give an error message. computer will again give an error message. Eject the disk from the offending drive, and Eject the disk from the offending drive, and tap the spacebar to continue.tap the spacebar to continue.

Logging On…Logging On…

If your computer is on a network, you If your computer is on a network, you must must log onlog on.. Logging On: The process where the Logging On: The process where the

operating system verifies that you have an operating system verifies that you have an account on the network and can use its account on the network and can use its resources.resources.

To log on, follow the directions on To log on, follow the directions on screen.screen.

Logging On- ProcedureLogging On- Procedure

1.1. Simultaneously press the Simultaneously press the ALTALT, , CTRLCTRL, and , and DeleteDelete keys. keys.

2.2. In the box that appears, type your In the box that appears, type your usernameusername.. For this course, your name will be: For this course, your name will be: warriorwarrior

3.3. Type your password in the box below your Type your password in the box below your username.username. For this course, your password will be: For this course, your password will be: warriorwarrior

4.4. Select the WHRHS network from the bottom Select the WHRHS network from the bottom box.box.

5.5. Click the Click the OkayOkay button to log on. button to log on.

Shut-Down…Shut-Down…

1.1. Save work and exit all programs.Save work and exit all programs.2.2. Click the Click the STARTSTART button. button.3.3. Click Click Turn Computer OffTurn Computer Off..4.4. Click the Click the Turn-OffTurn-Off button. button.

The computer will shut itself down.The computer will shut itself down. If you forgot to exit applications and save your If you forgot to exit applications and save your

work, Windows will ask you if you want the work work, Windows will ask you if you want the work saved.saved.

5.5. Some people turn off their monitors, others Some people turn off their monitors, others leave them on. Just go with the flow…leave them on. Just go with the flow…

Other Options…Other Options…

When you click to turn things off, you have When you click to turn things off, you have other options…other options… Log-Off:Log-Off: Simply logs you off but leaves the power Simply logs you off but leaves the power

on. The next person must go through the process on. The next person must go through the process of logging on again, but the PC is already switched of logging on again, but the PC is already switched on and booted up.on and booted up.

Stand By:Stand By: Also called snooze mode. The PC goes Also called snooze mode. The PC goes into a power save mode, but remains switched on, into a power save mode, but remains switched on, logged on, etc. Used when you are going to be logged on, etc. Used when you are going to be away for a while, but will be back to finish your work.away for a while, but will be back to finish your work.

Other Options… Other Options… con’tcon’t

Re-start:Re-start: If you choose the If you choose the re-startre-start button, the button, the computer will shut-down, then come back to life computer will shut-down, then come back to life automatically. This process, known as rebooting, automatically. This process, known as rebooting, resets the computer, hopefully clearing up any resets the computer, hopefully clearing up any nagging problems.nagging problems.

Part IIPart IIFinal Thoughts…Final Thoughts…

If your computer locks up, simultaneously If your computer locks up, simultaneously hold the hold the ALTALT, , CTRLCTRL, and , and DeleteDelete keys to keys to bring up a menu that gives you each of bring up a menu that gives you each of the shut-down options. If the PC locks the shut-down options. If the PC locks up and you re-start, you will loose all of up and you re-start, you will loose all of the work up to the last time you saved.the work up to the last time you saved.

Pulling the plug to shut down or re-start a Pulling the plug to shut down or re-start a PC is always the PC is always the lastlast, and , and least least desirabledesirable option! option!

Part IIIPart IIIUsing Windows XPUsing Windows XP

The basics of the Windows The basics of the Windows Operating SystemOperating System

Roadmap for Part IIIRoadmap for Part III

Windows XP

Parts of WindowsWorking

withWindows

File Structure&

Manipulation

Skills to be practiced inMicrosoft Notepad…Skills to be practiced in

Microsoft Notepad…

Parts of WindowsParts of Windows

First, we must learn what each of the First, we must learn what each of the parts of the Windows XP operating parts of the Windows XP operating system are calledsystem are called The DesktopThe Desktop The TaskbarThe Taskbar The Start PanelThe Start Panel The typical WindowThe typical Window

Introducing the Introducing the Desktop…Desktop…

Parts of the DesktopParts of the DesktopThe Taskbar…The Taskbar…

The Start ButtonThe Start Button Quick Launch BarQuick Launch Bar Window ButtonsWindow Buttons System TraySystem Tray

The The Start PanelStart Panel……

The Start Panel The Start Panel appears when you appears when you click on the Start click on the Start ButtonButton

The Start Panel The Start Panel allows you to activate allows you to activate all of your programs all of your programs and make system and make system adjustments.adjustments.

Opening Notepad…Opening Notepad…

Click on the START Click on the START menu…menu…

Move your mouse up Move your mouse up to the PROGRAMS to the PROGRAMS selection, a new selection, a new menu will pop up to menu will pop up to the right…the right…

Opening Notepad, con’t…Opening Notepad, con’t…

Move your mouse Move your mouse over to the over to the ACCESSORIES ACCESSORIES selection, a new selection, a new menu will pop up to menu will pop up to the right…the right…

Opening Notepad, con’t…Opening Notepad, con’t…

Move your mouse Move your mouse over to the over to the NOTEPAD icon and NOTEPAD icon and click your left mouse click your left mouse button (your pointer button (your pointer finger…)finger…)

The Notepad Program The Notepad Program Window…Window…

Parts of a Window…Parts of a Window…

All Windows All Windows Contain:Contain: Title BarTitle Bar Menu BarMenu Bar Minimize ButtonMinimize Button Maximize ButtonMaximize Button Close ButtonClose Button Scroll Bar(s)Scroll Bar(s) BordersBorders

Working with WindowsWorking with Windows

Windows XP

Parts of WindowsWorking

withWindows

File Structure&

Manipulation

Just Finished…

Working with WindowsWorking with Windows

Programs run inside of windowsPrograms run inside of windows You can have as many programs as you desire You can have as many programs as you desire

running at once, each inside of its own running at once, each inside of its own respective window.respective window.

Right now the only program you’re running is Notepad…

Manipulating WindowsManipulating Windows

Each window can be…Each window can be… MovedMoved ResizedResized MaximizedMaximized MinimizedMinimized ClosedClosed

Moving WindowsMoving Windows

To move a window,To move a window, dragdrag the window the window around the screen by its around the screen by its title bartitle bar..

Widows are moved to get to stuff that Widows are moved to get to stuff that may be hidden underneathmay be hidden underneath

The Title Bar

Resizing WindowsResizing Windows

All windows can be resized by dragging All windows can be resized by dragging the borders as required.the borders as required.

You know your mouse is positioned over You know your mouse is positioned over the border because it changes into a the border because it changes into a “double arrow”“double arrow”

Maximizing WindowsMaximizing Windows

To make a window cover the whole To make a window cover the whole screen, and give you the maximum screen, and give you the maximum amount of workspace, amount of workspace, double click on double click on the title barthe title bar..

Maximizing WindowsMaximizing Windows

Alternately, you can Alternately, you can click on the click on the Maximize ButtonMaximize Button..

The MAXIMIZE Button

Restoring a WindowRestoring a Window

To RESTORE the window to its original To RESTORE the window to its original size, click on the restore button.size, click on the restore button.

The RESTORE Button

Minimizing WindowsMinimizing Windows

Minimizing hides the program, taking it off Minimizing hides the program, taking it off screen so that you can do other things.screen so that you can do other things.

A minimized program is still running, no data is A minimized program is still running, no data is lost or changed, its just out of your waylost or changed, its just out of your way……

Click the minimize buttonClick the minimize button to minimize a to minimize a window.window.

The MINIMIZE Button

Restoring a Minimized Restoring a Minimized Window…Window…

Click on the window’s name on the Click on the window’s name on the taskbar to restore the window.taskbar to restore the window.

Click Here…

Closing WindowsClosing Windows

When your finished with a window, you When your finished with a window, you can close it by clicking the close buttoncan close it by clicking the close button

The close button is the red button with The close button is the red button with the X.the X.

The process of closing windows is The process of closing windows is sometimes calledsometimes called “X “X’ing out”.’ing out”.

When a window is closed it no longer When a window is closed it no longer appears on the task bar.appears on the task bar.

Running Multiple Running Multiple ProgramsPrograms

The Windows XP operating system The Windows XP operating system allows you to have multiple windows allows you to have multiple windows open at once.open at once.

These windows can be automatically These windows can be automatically arranged in the following ways:arranged in the following ways: CascadedCascaded Tiled HorizontallyTiled Horizontally Tiled VerticallyTiled Vertically

Cascading…Cascading…

To cascade the To cascade the windows:windows: Right click on the Right click on the

clock located on the clock located on the taskbar.taskbar.

Left click on Left click on cascadecascade

RIGHT CLICK Here

Tile WindowsTile Windows

To tile the windows:To tile the windows: Right click on the Right click on the

clock located on the clock located on the taskbar.taskbar.

Left click on either Left click on either tile tile horizontallyhorizontally (shown in (shown in the picture) or the picture) or tile tile verticallyvertically

Finding a Missing Finding a Missing WindowWindow If you need to fetch a If you need to fetch a

window from the pile of window from the pile of open windows on the open windows on the desktop you can use the desktop you can use the task manager.task manager. Simultaneously press Simultaneously press

ALT, CTRL, DeleteALT, CTRL, Delete to to open the task manager.open the task manager.

Select the window you Select the window you want from the list.want from the list.

The selected window The selected window appears on top of the rest appears on top of the rest of the open windows.of the open windows.

Introduction to Introduction to Hot KeysHot Keys

Hot KeysHot Keys (sometimes called short-cut keys) (sometimes called short-cut keys) are combinations of keys that when pressed are combinations of keys that when pressed simultaneously cause actions to happen.simultaneously cause actions to happen. The familiar ALT, CTRL, Delete combination is an The familiar ALT, CTRL, Delete combination is an

example of the hot keys to open the task manager.example of the hot keys to open the task manager.

Hot Keys provide a faster means of achieving Hot Keys provide a faster means of achieving common tasks by keeping your fingers on the common tasks by keeping your fingers on the keyboard.keyboard.

Typical Hot Key Typical Hot Key Combinations…Combinations…

WIN + DWIN + D Hides all open windowsHides all open windows

WIN + MWIN + M Minimizes all windowsMinimizes all windows

WINWIN Opens Start PanelOpens Start Panel

ALT + ESCALT + ESC Switches between open Switches between open windowswindows

ALT + TABALT + TAB Allows user to select Allows user to select any open windowany open window

ALT + F4ALT + F4 Closes the active Closes the active windowwindow

File StructureFile Structureand Manipulationand Manipulation

Windows XP

Parts of WindowsWorking

withWindows

File Structure&

Manipulation

For ThursdayNight…

Tonight’s Class work…Tonight’s Class work…

In your Notepad window:In your Notepad window: Type your nameType your name Hit Enter, and type the course:Hit Enter, and type the course:

Computers 101, Session 1Computers 101, Session 1

As the instructor reviews tonight’s terminology, take As the instructor reviews tonight’s terminology, take notes to review & practice with the computer.notes to review & practice with the computer.

Type your home work assignment to be due for the Type your home work assignment to be due for the Thursday.Thursday.

Follow the instructors directions to print this notepad Follow the instructors directions to print this notepad document…document…