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Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
1
computing ESSENTIALS
1111CH
AP
TE
R
Information Technology, the Internet,
and You
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
2
Competencies
Information systems
Application software vs. system software
Computer types
Types of files
Connectivity, Wireless Revolution, and the Internet
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
3
Information Systems People
Goal is to improve the productivity of people
Procedures Guidelines to follow using software,
hardware, data Software Hardware Data
Raw unprocessed facts
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
4
Connectivity
Allows computers to connect and share information
Expands the capabilities and usefulness of users
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
5
People
Most important part of
an information system
Direct contact
Indirect contact
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
6
Software
Series of instructions that process data Two kinds
System softwareUsed by the computer
Application softwareUsed by the user
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
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System Software
Enables application software to interact with computer hardware
Background software Operating system software
Most important system software Executes application software Stores data and programs
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
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Application Software
End-user software
General-purpose programs
Internet Explorer, Microsoft Word, PowerPoint
Special-purpose programs
Custom written for specialized tasks
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
9
Hardware
Physical electronic devices
Hardware functions Input/Output data Process data Storage Communication
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
10
Types of Computers
Supercomputers
Mainframe computers
Minicomputers
Microcomputers
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
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Supercomputers
Most powerful type of computer
High data capacity
Used by large organizations
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
12
Mainframe Computers
Capable of great processing speed
Large data storage capacity
Occupy large air-conditioned rooms
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
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Minicomputers
Also known as midrange computers
Desk-sized machines
Usually used for specific purposes
Controlling manufacturing processes
Dedicated servers
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
14
Microcomputers
Least powerful but most popular
Sizes range from desktop to handheld
Includes:
Desktop
Laptop
PDAs
computing ESSENTIALS
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Microcomputer Hardware
Physical equipment consist of
System unit
I/O devices
Secondary storage
computing ESSENTIALS
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System Unit Contains most of the
electronic components Significant components
MicroprocessorControls and
manipulates data Memory
Holds data and programs during processing
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
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Input/Output Devices
Translation devices that interface the computer
with humans
Input devices
Keyboard, mouse, scanner, digital camera
Output devices
Monitor, printer, speakers
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
18
Secondary Storage Devices
Store data and programs even after power is shut off
Most common types Floppy disks Hard disks Optical disks (CD-ROMs, DVDs) Magnetic tapes
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
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Data Files
Electronic storage of raw or processed data
Common types Document Worksheet Database Presentation
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
20
Connectivity
• Computer’s ability to communicate with other computers
• Computer network• Share information
over large distances
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
21
Wireless Revolution
Most dramatic change in connectivity
Widespread use of mobile communications
Multifunctional devices
Phones with monitors, cameras
PDAs with Internet connections
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
22
The Internet
Largest network in the world
Global connectivity
World Wide Web
Internet service providing multimedia
interface
computing ESSENTIALS
Copyright 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
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A Look to the Future
Powerful software Tools in today's job market
Powerful hardware Increasingly more powerful
Connectivity Link with others to share information,
resources Security and Privacy
Increased connectivity increases risk too
computing ESSENTIALS
