Computing Essentials 2014 Databases © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for

Computing Essentials 2014Databases

© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.


Computing Essentials 2014

DatabasesChapter 11



Competencies (Page 1 of 2) Distinguish between the physical and logical views of data.

Describe how data is organized: characters, fields, records, tables, and databases.

Define key fields and how they are used to integrate data in a database.

Define and compare batch processing and real-time processing.

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Competencies (Page 2 of 2) Describe databases, including the need for databases and database management systems (DBMS).

Describe the five common database models: hierarchical, network, relational, multidimensional, and object-oriented.

Distinguish among individual, company, distributed, and commercial databases.

Discuss strategic database usesand security concerns.

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Introduction Like a library, secondary storageis designed to store information

End users need to understand How information is organized in

fields, records, tables and databases

The different types of databasesand structures

Competent end users need to be able to find information that is stored in databases

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Data

Examples of data includeFacts or observations about people, places, things, and events

Audio, music, photographs, and video

Two ways to view dataPhysical viewLogical view

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Data Organization

CharacterFieldRecordTableDatabase

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Key FieldUnique identifier also known as primary key

Common examplesSocial Security NumberStudent Identification NumbersEmployee Identification NumbersPart Numbers Inventory Numbers

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Batch ProcessingBatch processing

Data is collected over a period of time and the processing happens later all at one time

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Real-Time ProcessingReal-time processing

Also known as online processing because it happens immediately during the transaction

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DatabasesCollection of integrated data

Logically related files and records Databases address data redundancyand data integrity

Advantages to having databasesSharingSecurityLess data redundancyData integrity

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Database Management (Page 1 of 2)Database Management System (DBMS)

DBMS engineData definition subsystemData dictionary / schema

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Database Management (Page 2 of 2)Data manipulation subsystem

Query-by-exampleStructured query language (SQL)

Application generation subsystem

Data administration subsystemDatabase Administrators (DBAs)Processing rights

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Database Uses and IssuesStrategic uses

Special type of databasecalled data warehouse

Data mining is used tosearch databases for information and patterns

SecurityDatabases are valuableProtection necessary

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Security: electronic fingerprint

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Careers In IT Database administrators

Determine the most efficientways to organize and accessa company’s data

Responsible for database securityand backing up the system

Employers look for Bachelors degree in

Computer Science Technical experience

Database administrators can expect to earn $67,000 to $98,000 annually

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A Look to the FutureCan criminal behavior be predicted ?Research institutions have been looking into patterns that could predict criminal behavior

If patterns could be found . . . Just need to find individuals with these characteristics

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Open-Ended Questions (Page 1 of 2)Describe the five logical data groups or categories.

What is the difference between batch processing and real-time processing?

Identify and define the five parts of DBMS programs.

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Open-Ended Questions (Page 2 of 2)Describe each of the five common database models.

What are some of the benefits and limitations of databases? Why is security a concern?

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Computing Essentials 2014 Databases © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for