Congress BaSS 2013 Skopje

Organized in colaboration with:- Faculty of Dentistry at UKIM- PHO University Dental Clinical Center St. Panteleimon - Skopje- Faculty of Medicine at “Goce Delcev” University-Stip- Faculty of Dentistry - European University- Dental Association ETERNITAS- Dental Association of Macedonia

under the auspice of Ministry of Health

Bridge of ArtSkopje

AquaductusSkopje

CONGRESS COMMITTEES

18th BaSS Congress, Skopje 2013

BaSS Council Members EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

COUNCIL

President: Prof. H. Bostanci Past President: Prof. P.Koidis President Elect: Ass. Prof. N. Sharkov Vice President: Prof. D. Stamenkovic Secretary General: Prof. A. Pissiotis Honorary Treasurer: Assoc. Professor Stelios Dalampiras Editor-in-Chief: Prof. L. Todorovic

COUNTRY Councilor Deputy Councilor

ALBANIA Prof. Dr. Ruzhdie Qafmolla Dr. D. Hysi Dr. Rozarka Budina Dr. Edit Xhajanka

BULGARIA Prof. Dr. A. Filchev Asst. Prof. Miroslava Dinkova

Dr. Donka Stancheva Zaburtova

Dr. Rositca Encheva

F.Y.R.O.M. Prof. A. Minovska Dr. J. Popovski

GREECE Dr. N. Maroufidis Dr. H. Petridis Ass. Prof. N. Economides Dr. G. Tsiogas

ROMANIA Prof. Norina Forna Dr. M. Popesku Prof. Alexandru Bucur Dr. Stefan Stratul

TURKEY Prof. E. Kazazoglu Dr. G. Gur Prof. M. Akkaya Dr. N. Arpak

SERBIA Prof. Momir Carevic Prof. Dr. D. Markovic Dr. M. Barjaktarevic Dr. T. Zivanovic

CYPRUS Dr. G. Pantelas Dr. R. Irodotou Dr. S. Solyali Dr. Filiz Besim

BOSNIA- HERZEGOVINA

Prof. M. Ganibegovic Dr. D. Colic Dr. M. Stanojevic Dr. M. Lucic

MONTENEGRO Dr. Djenad Ganjola Dr. Mirjan Djurickovic


CONGRESS COMMITTEES

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

President: Marijan Denkovski

Members: Cvetanka Bajraktarova MishevskaVera StojanovskaVesna AndreevskaFerija SaliMarijan PetkovVanco SpirovVencislav KarapeevMitko FrangovIgor KirovskiMeri SapuricPetar StankovIgor StankovBruno NikolovskiMihailo PetrovskiIvan NacevskiAna BundalevskaDaniela CvetanovskaNatalija S. AntovskaIrina Zareska

PRESIDENT OF THE CONGRESS

Ana Minovska

VICE PRESIDENT OF THE CONGRESS

Julie Popovski

SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE

President: Ilijana Muratovska

Members: Julijana GjorgovaMirjanaa PopovskaDanica Popovic - MonevskaSlavjanka OdzaklievaVlado VankovskiMaja PandilovaVladimir FilipovskiAneta Atanasovska-StojanovskaLidija KanurkovaOlivera SarakinovaBlagoja DastevskiStipica PopovskiCena DimovaIvona KovacevskaVera Radojkova Nikolovska

CONGRESS MANAGEMET AND SECRETARIAT

Manager: Dusanka Velkovska

WELLCOME MESSAGES


BASS PRESIDENT MESSAGE

Dear distinguished colleagues and friends,

It is a great honour for me to invite you to Skopje for 18th Scientific Congress of BaSS.Friends from FYROM are working on this congress for more than one year. Your scien-tific contributions will enlighten us, and will make their efforts visible.BaSS was established as a small drop but now is the best known dental organisation in Balkans . I cordially believe this meeting will expand our knowledge , will help our practices , estimate new friendships and serve to BaSS ideas .Social and professional level of dentists , develop-ments in economic and political stiuations and human capacity of this region makes me feel hopefull for the future.I believe that dentists and industry will continue to sup-port our Societies’ activities for the future of dentistry.

Best wishes,Prof. Dr Hamit Bostancı BaSS President

CONGRESS PRESIDENT MESSAGE

Dear Colleagues,

Please allow me to extend to each of you, members and guests, a heartfelt welcome to Sko-pje. The fact that each year the BASS congress takes place in a different country has earned the pride of being one of the most awaited events in dentists’ calendar within the Balkan space. And the forthcoming program of the 18th BASS Congress to be held from 25th to 28th April 2013, in Skopje, promises to foster a platform for greater scientific interactions in accordance with the international trends and technical advancements in our constantly innovative field.I hope that, participation in this Congress will enhance and broaden your knowledge and skills. You will be communicated the latest information and innovation by the well known speakers, respected professors and leading clinicians. The generous sharing of knowledge by our speakers will enable you to exploit the updated education in your practice.I am sure this event with Conferences, Round Tables, Scientific Works, exhibiting companies with evolving technologies of equipment and social programs will provide memories to all delegates that will be cherished with warmth.Apart from gaining updated knowledge and shared experience from this Congress, you will have an impressive experience from visiting variety of attractions and historical splen-did palaces in our country. Your visit would not be complete without taking advantage of discovering the rich culture, gastronomic traditions and multicolored folklore the country provides. There will be many opportunities to experience these during the congress.As a president, I would like to extend a warm welcome to everyone who will join the Con-gress and thank you for your invaluable support for our activities.

Ana MinovskaPresident of 18th Congress of BaSS.

CONGRESS VENUE


HOTEL ALEKSANDAR PALACE, SKOPJE www.aleksandarpalace.com.mk

The hotel Aleksandar Palace, leading hotel in FYROM, is located on the right bank of the river Vardar next to the city park, only 3 km away from the town center and just next to the most important administra-tive, cultural and historical buildings.

The hotel has 135 air conditioned rooms including 22 suites: Junior suite, Ex-ecutive suite and one Presidential Suite. All the rooms are fully equipped with direct telephone line, satellite and cable TV, high speed wireless and DSL Internet connection, mini bar, etc. Modern conference and banquette cen-ter consists of multifunctional Conference hall with capacity of 1500 seats and 4 smaller rooms with full equipment for business meetings. Restaurant A la Carte and Aperitif Bar offer an exclusive selection of fine local and in-ternational cuisine and wide assortment of highly recommended local wine “Skovin”. The Sport facilities include solarium, gym, sauna, jacuzzi, aerobic and massage, as well as 6 tennis courts with hard floor (plexicush-ion) and Tennis club bar.

SPA Step into the space where tranquility pervades. A place where the boundaries of East and West blend in harmony. Your senses are stimulated through textures of natural stones, wood and natural cotton bathrobes.

Luxury surrounds you, time stands still, and sense of deep relax-ation washes over.

Hamm am and Sauna

Just moments from your room… and thou-sand years back in time… is our authentic hamm

am, The Turkish bath of legend. Lie down, close your eyes and surrender to an infin-ity of sensations conjured from water, soapsuds ….

CONGRESS VENUE


SPORT

Discover how easy it is to look and feel your best – in the premium fitness centre in the hotel Aleksandar Palace.

We have unique personal and group training programs that are fun and friendly, with a comfort able atmosphere for all ages and lifestyles.

CONGRESS HALLS

Hotel Aleksandar Palace has established excellent reputation in the organization of business meetings, conferences and banquets.

With state-of-the-art equipment Cybex and Techno gym, full locker service, juice and coffee bar, you will have the best of everything you need to look and feel your best.

Congress hall is one of the largest conference facilities in the country.

It can accommodate up to 750 per-sons for banquets and up to 1500 persons for conferences in theater style, and ac-cording to the event the hall can be di-vided in three halls, and the set up of the halls is arranged upon the request of cli-ents (banquette, classroom, U style, re-ception – with different capacity).

18th BaSS Congress25-28 April 2013, Skopje

I N V I T E D S P E A K E R S

Millennium CrossSkopje


INVITED SPEAKERS

Branislav Dashtevski(D. Phil of ethnology and anthropology)

ETHNOSTOMATOLOGICAL MATERIAL CULTURE OF BALKANS

PhD M.Sci Branislav DashtevskiD. Phil of ethnology and anthropology

Abstract: The health care culture in all nations, including the Balkansk, represents a valuable historical and cultural heredity. Since humans sustain a central spot in ethnology with everything that links to their survival, then they should be healthy to be able to continue the evolution and the reproduction of their own kin.Because of that, it is impossible to question when, where and how did humans start to occupy themselves with healthcare culture.We lose sense of time and space, since life came before mankind. This makes us believe that this kind of culture is even older than mankind itself, like mankind’s ancestors being older, who surely had health issues and used their own instincts to defend themselves from everything that attacked them. According to that, if we like to think in this way, diseases and cures were older than mankind. Of course, we can’t tie with any time, space, object, because everything is irrelevant within our knowledge of the past. Besides, even the Balkans share the same fate of all the other nations, with accordance to the then system of healthcare culture.The fight against diseases and injuries, the fight against death too, belongs to the basic urge for human survival. Independent of the desire to acknowledge it or not, it managed to secure a position as a separate culture, including all the cultural and social issues within time and space which attacked mankind. Humankind then proceeded to theorize from where and from whom all these evils came from, including toothache. The tooth was important for human survival, because the early man used it in offense and defense, during the feeding process too, as a biological necessity. Because of the importance of its functions the tooth was granted a demon of his own – the worm; which is still used in modern times, even though more as a joke rather than a fact.The tooth, healthy or rotten (especially the canine), even today is an object of study, depending from which aspect it is observed: as a disease, as a force, as an enhancer of beauty, as magic, as a mystique… and everything else that human fantasy can conjure.With artifacts and fundamental research, unfortunately, everything started from the middle of the XX-th century, and exactly the artifacts of teeth and jaw bones are the capital material from which unarguable facts for the health issues of our ancestors are drawn from. Even though the artifacts are minor material, they are sufficient enough to show and prove to us that oral diseases are older than mankind. And, in conclusion, we determine that impacts (reduction of teeth) are still present in the evolution process as an expression of the function that shapes morphology and architecture of mankind.


INVITED SPEAKERS

Sharonit Sahar-Helft(Department of Endodontic at Hebrew University-Hadassah School of

dental medicine in Jerusalem -HUHSDM, Israel)

DR. SHARONIT SAHAR-HELFT

Dr. Sharonit Sahar-Helft is a member of the Department of Endodontic and a lecturer in the Department of Endodontic at Hebrew University-Hadassah School of dental medicine in Jeru-salem (HUHSDM), Israel.

She graduated her dental studies in 1991st After graduating she was a clinical instructor in the Department of Restorative Dentistry at the Tel Aviv University Maurice and Gebriella Gold-shlegger School of Dental Medicine from 1992 to 1997th She then went to HUHSDM, where she completed the postgraduate program in the Endodontic in 2000,

Currently Dr.Sharonit Sahar-Helft also works in private practice, limited to endodontics.Since 2006 - today I am a representative for Isreal at WFLD.

Title of the lecture:

THE MODERN ENDODONTIC TREATMENT WITH ER: YAG LASER

Research Projects: Laser technology has made giant strides in the past decade. In endodontics, we used Er: YAG laser irradiation study to evaluate its efficacy in removing debris and smear layer following cleaning and shaping of the root canals. Bacterial contamination of the root canal system with Enterococcus faecalis is considered the principle etiologic factor for the development of secondary root canal infections. We have investigated the inhibition effect on the bacterial growth of Enterococcus faecalis using Er: YAG laser irradiation.


INVITED SPEAKERS

Macan Darko(University of Zagreb, Croatia )

SPREADING AND CONDENSING TECHNIQUES IN JAW BONE IN ORDERTO FACILITATE SPACE FOR IMPLANTATION

Darko Macan, Davor Brajdić

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Dubrava, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia

Implanting in alveolar bone areas with unfavorable bone volume represent a special clinical challenge in dental implantology. The limitations of drilling into an atrophic ridge in the maxilla constitute a challenging clinical situation. The frequent problem is bone resorption which reduces the width and the height of the alveolar ridge.

If the horizontal bone volume is reduced the implant site can be expanded by bone expansion and bone condensation, making additional augmentation procedures unnecessary. Bone expanders with D-shaped cross-section and of increasing diameters push the bone laterally by separating the labial and palatal bone lamellae. The dentist with surgical experience can achieve excellent predictable results with these techniques, but bone expansion is not suitable for increasing the vertical bone volume.

After bone expansion we use bone condensers which due to rounded profiles form the bone cavity for desired implant diameter. Implants can be placed in soft bone without requiring the use of tap.

Low resistance during pilot drilling suggests poorly structured bone and it should be condensed with a bone condenser which expands the bone to the corresponding diameter of planned implant.

The bone condensers can also be used for an internal sinus lift.

The healing phase after bone expansion and bone condensation should be extended to six months.


INVITED SPEAKERS

Jungtaek Yoo (Konyang University School of Medicine, South Korea)

DR. JUNGTAEK YOO’S CV

Dankook University College of Dentistry, graduateDankook University Dental Hospital Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, intern, resident courseDankook University, School of Dentistry / Periodontology and Oral Surgery MasterServing as Dankook University College of Dentistry- Time Lecturer (Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery / Dental local anesthesia)Serving as Konyang University School of Medicine, Dentistry / Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Instructor, Full time LecturerServing as Konyang University Hospital Dental / the Head of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery DepartmentServing as Clinical Instructor of Miju implant courseServing as Clinical Professor of the OSSTEM Implant Serving as Daejeon Health Sciences College Dental Hygiene Department Adjunct Professor ( course of the cosmetic maxillofacial surgery )Serving as Korean dental implant Society Daejeon branch Legal director, Planning directorServing as Korean Maxillofacial Implants Society Daejeon branch, Scientific DirectorNow Korean Maxillofacial Implants Society Daejeon branch, Consultants Now Konyang University School of Medicine, adjunct professor Now Minec Implants Basic and Advanced Course Director in Daejeon CityNow Hanbat Implants Research Society, Clinical ProfessorNow Educational Preceptor of Korean Dental Implant Society Now American Implant Society Active memberOutstanding Member of the Korean Maxillofacial Implants SocietyKorean Association for TMJ Corporation, Daejeon branch PresidentUniversity of California Los Angeles, College of Dentistry, 2007 Visiting Scholar University of California Los Angeles, College of Dentistry, Completion of the Advanced Im-plant course U.S. Wilshor Park Dental Institute for Periodontal / Implant course Now Maxillofacial Reconstructive SurgeonNow the president of Gountuk Dental chinic south Korea


INVITED SPEAKERS

CURRENT TREATMENTS OF TMD IN SOUTH KOREA

Dr. Jungtaek Yoo DDS MS

ABSTRACT

There are several treatment methods for TMD. Medication, Physical Therapy, Stabilization Splint, Injection, Arthrocenthesis, TMJ Arthroscopic surgery, TMJ Open surgery. And gener-ally, the result of TMD treatment is good.

The result of conservative treatment like Medication and Splint therapy, for TMD is good. Despite a nomal conservative treatment perfofmed for TMD, there are cases that TMD symptoms(mouth opening limitation etc.) did not resolved or increased in clinical cases. It might be that these patients were non-cooperative and have distrust of dental treatment.At this time, the dentist should think over arthrocentesis before TMJ Open surgery especially in mouth opening limitation cases.

Many studies have demonstrated that arthrocentesis could produce significant improvement in mouth opening and of pain in patients with persistent and severe closed lock of the tem-poromandibular joints(TMJ)

The success rate was 70.6% immediately and 66.7% at 3 months after the arthrocentesis for the treatment close lock of the TMJ. In addition, significant differences in between success-ful and unsuccessful cases were found regarding some clinical factors such as age, disease duration, and presense of parafunctional habits.

Arthrocentesis was effective for the treatment for close lock of the TMJ with a minimal surgi-cal trauma, However, the aforementioned prognostic factors should be also considered and managed before and after arthrocentesis for achieving higher success rate.

Also autologous blood injection in the habitual luxation cases is simple and useful technique in the clinic.


INVITED SPEAKERS

Sangwon Park (Chonnam National University, Gwangju – South Korea)

CURRICULUM VITAE

Education 1985 B.S. School Of Dentistry, Chonnam National University1988 M.S. School Of Dentistry, Chonnam National University1995 Ph.D. School Of Dentistry, Chonnam National University Synergistic Activities

1. 1991 – 2000 Park Sang Won Dental Clinic(private)2. 2000 – Present Professor, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University3. 2002 – 2003 Visiting professor, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, USA 4. 2003 – 2007 Chairman, Department of Prosthodontics, Chonnam National University Hospital 5. 2007 – 2011 General director, Chonnam National University Dental Hospital6. 2011 – present Director, RIS Foundation for Advanced Biomaterials

Domestic and foreign studies activities

Korean Academy of Prosthodontics, Academy of osseointegration Biomedical Engineering Society; Society For Biomaterials;; International Association For Dental Research; international college of Prosthodontists1. Director, Insurance affair, The Korean Academy of Prosthodontics 2. Member, The Korean Academy of Implant Dentistry3. Member, Academy of Osseointegration 4. Treasurer, Asian Academy of Prosthodontics5. President, The Korean Academy of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusion, Honam Branch 6. President, The Korean Academy of Oral & Maxillofacial Implantology , Gwangju Chonnam Branch, 7. Member of the Korean Society for Biomaterials

research paper Announcement result

Book

1) Oral and Maxillofacial Implant Studies Vol 1, 2004, Daehan Narae Publishing2) Dental success, written by Park Sang Won, 2004, Eui Chi hak sa 3) Prosthodontic Treatment for Edentulous Patients, Translation book, 2005, Ji-Sung Publisher4) Encyclopedia of Biomaterials and Biomedical engineering, 2006, Dekker Encyclopedia


INVITED SPEAKERS

5) Prosthodontic treatment for edentulous patients, 2007, Shin Heung International. Co., Ltd.6) Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, 2008, Trans Tech Pubn 7) Atlas of Complete denture for edentulous patients, 2009, Shin Heung International. Co., Ltd.8) NanoScience in Biomedicine, Shi Donglu, 2009, Tsinghua University Press, Beijing and Springer-VerlagGmbH 9) Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Applications: A Review of the Past and Future Trends, Jason A. Burdick,Robert L. Mau, 2011, Springer

ABSTRACT:

FULL MOUTH REHABILITATION FOR SEVERELY WORN DENTITION

Treatment for severely worn dentition is very difficult and a popular misconception about these patients is that they have lost their vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO). But the VDO is usually maintained even when rapid abrasive wear occur. As the occlusal surfaces of the teeth wear, the dentoalveolar process elongates by progressive remodeling of the alveolar bone.

The teeth continue to erupt until they meet an opposite force of equal intensity to the eruptive force. The repetitive contracted length of the elevator muscles determined the vertical dimen-sion of occlusion. Whether the vertical dimension is increased or decreased in adult, it will return to its original pretreatment vertical dimension. The changes occurred almost entirely within the alveolar bone by either progressive or regressive remodeling. Patients can tolerate or even be comfortable at a wide range of vertical changes. Comfort is not a determinant of correct vertical dimension. Patients readily adapt to changes in vertical dimension and quickly develop a new freeway space. Freeway space is highly variable from patient to patient and at various times within the same patient.

To treat the severely worn dentition, the anterior teeth should be restored to the flattest pos-sible guidance consistent with maintaining correct incisal edge position and all teeth are prop-erly intercuspated at a correct centric relation. If a good occlusion is achieved, the change of VDO does not adversely affect the corrected arch alignment or the intercuspal relationships. If posterior disclusion can be achieved with an anterior guidance that is in harmony with the envelope of function, the prognosis will be excellent. Whenever the vertical dimension is increased, the postoperative occlusal adjustment required repeatedly for up to 1 year before the occlusion stabilize. The use of simple articulating paper is the most common method of confirmation and verification of occlusion. A computerized system (T-scan II) can more objec-tively assist in the evaluation and verification process of occlusion. A nighttime occlusal splint can be used to reduce wear from nocturnal bruxism.

Ceramic occlusal surfaces of prosthesis need more precise occlusal adjustment to prevent ceramic chipping or breakage.


INVITED SPEAKERS

Georgi Tomov(Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria)

CURRICULUM VITAE

Assoc.Prof. Georgi Tomov graduated the Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria with Summa cum laude for his Master degree on Dental Medicine. He earned speciality in operative den-tistry and endodontics (2008).

In 2009 after successful defense of a doctoral thesis entitled “Irrigation in infected root canal - laboratory and clinical studies” he acquired scientific degree PhD. In 2010 Assoc.Prof.Tomov is certified by APLI (Asia-Pacific Laser Institute).

Assoc.Prof. Tomov is a Vice President of Bulgarian Dental Laser Society, an active member of WFLD and lecturer on laser dentistry in Europe and Asia.

The scientific interests and clinical practice of Assoc.Prof. Tomov are focused on endodontics, oral pathology and laser applications in dentistry. Assoc.Prof.

Tomov is author of over 30 full-text publications in specialized dental journals. He is a major researcher in scientific project “Oral health in drug dependent patients” and co-author of a text-book on psychiatry for dental students.

In 2011 Assoc.Prof. Tomov is promoted to head of Oral Pathology Department in the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Plovdiv.


INVITED SPEAKERS

ABSTRACT:

TREATMENT OF NON-CARIOUS CERVICAL LESIONS WITH ER:YAG LASERS – SCIENTIFIC BACKGROUND AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS

Assoc.Prof. Dr. Georgi Tomov, DDS, MSc, PhD

Oral Pathology DivisionFaculty of Dental MedicineMedical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria

Introduction. Nowadays, due to modifications in humans’ diet and health care habits, non-carious cervical lesions started to be commonly observed, mostly in developed countries. These lesions of multifactorial etiology, can be attributed to the action of chemical agents (dental erosion), physical agents (abrasion), or even to alterations in force distribution on the tooth (abfraction). Normally, more than one of these factors act simultaneously and the lesions acquire unique characteristics that result in very complex differential diagnoses and a challenging restorative treatment. The special characteristics of these lesions are the presence of exposed dentin or cementum in the gingival margins, and restorations that are more susceptible to microleakage and postoperative sensitivity because the available sclerotic dentin is not favorable to adhesive systems, due to its higher mineral concentration. The exposed dentin has difference in structure and composition that may affect it’s etching patterns. Dentin etch by the acid can be additionally complicated by variability of penetration depth, and strong washing and drying, affecting the bond strength. Along with lack of mechanical retention and difficulty to control moisture when doing these restorations, the longevity and marginal sealing are challenged. Sclerotic dentin remains the greatest obstacle to obtain good bonding with dentinal bonding agents, and failure at the cervical margin, as a result of microleakage. The removal of the outer surface layer of the sclerotic dentin by Er:YAG laser (laser etching and roughening) are considered alternative approach to improve retention in non-carious cervical lesions adhesive restorations. The research’s key fields on dental lasers have focused on the morphological changes in hard dental tissues and their impact on adhesive protocols. The energy distribution, laser/tissue interactions are also questions under consideration.

Lecture subject. The educational objective of the lecture is to provide audience with an overview of the scientific fundamentals of non-carious cervical lesions treatment with Er:YAG dental lasers. This lecture will focus on all aspects of laser-assisted cavity preparation and appropriate adhesive protocol for treatment of non-carious cervical lesions.


INVITED SPEAKERS

Fedor Marjanski (Specialist in Implant Dentistry, Oral and Periodontal Surgery,

Novi Sad, Serbia)

CURRICULUM VITAE

FEDOR MARJANSKI DDS, Specialist in Oral Surgery

Born in 1960 in Novi Sad where he graduated from the Faculty of Stomatology and specialized oral surgery.

Employed since 1987. He opened his private surgery in 1992.

Since 1995. the focusing of his specializations have been implant dentistry and parodontal surgery mostly in Germany but also in Switzerland, France and Sweden.

In 2007 he finished his post-graduate studies in implant dentistry and parodontal surgery at New York University as a member of the Italian Association at New York University.

He has participated as a lecturer at annual conventions of New York University in Italy on several occasions.

He has also participated as a lecturer at many conventions at home and abroad. In cooperation with colleagues from Italy, he organizes courses in implant dentistry in his private surgery.


INVITED SPEAKERS

ABSTRACT:

SOFT TISSUE MANAGEMENT AROUND IMPLANTS

Since the introduction of Branemark system of dental implants /1969/ and the term Osseointegration in dental medicine literature, it has been mostly spoken about the integration of the implants in the jaw and long term results after the prosthetic treatment. The question of soft tissue and the esthetic aspect have not been considered too much, since the objective was the successfully integrated implant.

As the implantology has been developing very quickly, the requirements of both doctors and patients have become more complex, primarily concerning the aesthetic aspect and today’s objective is not only the implant which has been successfully integrated into the bone, but periimplant soft tissue becomes also a very important parameter concerning the successful implant integration.In our work we are focused on more or less resorted alveolar bones. Resorption of the alveolar bone after the tooth extraction is followed by the soft tissue. Changes in the soft tissue are numerous: smaller, bigger or total loss of keratinized gingival tissue /especially in the lower jaw/, loss of papillae, scars after pathological processes and surgery, etc. In these circumstances, it is difficult to achieve what we call “restitutio ad integrum”.

The soft tissue around the implant must be considered in the same way as the soft tissue around the tooth. The problem of the gingival recession on the root of the tooth can be solved by a number of known methods. The gingival recession on the implant is very difficult to solve and it is a serious aesthetic problem. When placing the implant, before the first move with a scalpel, the surger has to think about the future soft tissue around the implant. There is a variety of flap designs and augmentative procedures for placing or opening of the implant. If there isn’t an adequate width of keratinized gingival tissue, the procedure of implant placement shouldn’t be started. Firstly, we need to ensure the quality of the soft tissues, even with the free gingival graft from palate, no matter how long and complicated it may seem. Otherwise, everything that may happen later is much more complicated and more difficult to solve.

Good quality of soft tissues helps even in maintaining more easily hygiene, which is a key point for our work to survive. The movable, nonkeratinized gingiva, is subject to frequent inflammations, because it hasn’t its natural defense. It is difficult to maintain hygiene. These inflammations lead to bone defects around implants and periimplantitis. All of this is very difficult to treat in the conditions, when implants are already placed and prosthetic work is done.

The plan for implant therapy requires experience and predicting of the future look of the prosthetic work. The esthetic zones, especially the high smile line, are a serious problem, but also a challenge. The patient must be informed in advance and we must show him what the final result would be. The soft tissue, its quality, even the colour, is what directly affects the final aesthetic result, and that is the only thing that our patient considers and expects. What we consider a “success”, may not be a success criteria for the patient.This is why all these factors should be taken into account, before the implant therapy.


INVITED SPEAKERS

Natasa Ihan Hren (University of Ljubljana, Slovenia)

CURRICULUM VITAE

General data:Prof. dr. Nataša Ihan Hren, MD, PhD, born on Novenber 11. 1962 in Ptuj, Slovenija.Education: Graduated from the Ljubljana Faculty of Medicine in 1987. Master of Science Degree (1991), Ph. D. Degree of maxillofacial and oral surgery (1999), Speciality Board of maxillofacial and oral surgery (1985), Assist. prof. (Doc.) of maxillofacial and oral surgery since 2000, Prof. of maxillofacial and oral surgery since 2010.Employments: Since 1988 Clinical department of maxillofacial and oral surgery Ljubljana Since 2003 – : head of the Faculty department of maxillofacial and oral surgery, Medical faculty, Ljubljana.Bibliography ( important articles in English):Ihan-Hren N, Gubina M, Ihan A. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes versus streptococcal colonization in periapical granulomas. J Endod 1999; 25(4):239-42. Ihan-Hren N, Gubina M, Ihan A. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes in periapical granulomas. Anaerobe 1999; 5(3/4):247-9. Ihan-Hren N, Oblak P, Koželj V. Characteristics forms of the upper part of the oral cavity in newborns with isolated cleft palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2001; 38(2):164-70.Lipovec A, Ihan Hren N. Keratocysts in the jaws. Radiol Oncol 2004; 38: 187-92.Božič M, Ihan Hren N. Ameloblastic fibroma. Rad Oncol 2006; 40: 35-8.Kopitar AN, Ihan Hren N, Ihan A. Commensal oral bacteria antigens prime human dendritic cells to induce Th1, Th2 or Treg differentiation. Oral Microbiol Immunol 2006, 21: 1-5.Božič M, Ihan Hren N. Osteoporosis and mandibles. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology 2006; 35: 1-10.Kansky A, Bozic M, Ihan Hren N. Mandibular osteoporotic fracture: A case report. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006 Dec;54(12):1956-7. Ihan Hren N, Miljavec M. Spontaneous bone healing of the large bone defects in the mandible. Int. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2008; 37: 1111-1116. Ihan Hren N, Ihan A. T lymphocyte activation and cytokine expression in periapical granulomas and radicular cysts. Arch Oral Biol 2009; 54: 156-161.Božič M, Kau CH, Richmond S, Ovsenik M, Ihan Hren N. A Novel Method of Analysis of Class III Patients Using 3-Dimensional Soft Tissue Analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthoped 2009; 79: 45-9.Kocar M, Ihan Hren N. Normal periimplant bacteria in partially and totally edentulous patients. IJOMS 2010: in print.


INVITED SPEAKERS

ABSTRACT:

AUGMENTATIVE TECHNIQUES IN ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY; VERTICAL AND HORIZON-TAL AUGMENTATION

The dental implants have become the accurate and successful method of treatment of any kind of edentoulism in past decades. But with widening of the indications and the treatment modalities, the jaw bone has become more and more important factor of this treatment.Jaw bone is important regarding its quality and quantity. The quality is the most important factor for osseointegration and responsible for early complications. Bone quantity is condition for many factors as ideal prosthodontic position, the immediate placement, the esthetic re-sults of white and pink components of dento-alveolar complex…. But bone quantity is decre-asing with time after loose of the teeth known as atrophy, and also many additional factors as inflammation determine their volume. In the term of bone quantity we differ vertical and hori-zontal bone defects, because they represent two different surgical problems. The small and average horizontal bone defects can be most easily, but dependently on bone lost, solved by splitting techniques and guided bone regeneration. These procedures are simple, indications are known, require only few surgical instruments. The guided bone rege-neration also need the decision about the bone substitute and membrane. The most used deproteinizied bovine bone particles and resorbable suine collagen membrane will be presen-ted. The golden standard for some indications as larger bone defects in esthetic region still remains the autologous gone grafts. These technique require the decision about the donor site and additional surgical knowledge about on-lay grafts, but it is standardized surgical pro-cedure easily done in local anesthesia. This protocol will be presented too.The small vertical bone defects could be solved by the guided bone regeneration and autolo-gous bone grafts, but for larger one there are many limitations. The posterior maxilla region with vertical problem due to the maxillary sinus is easily managed by sinus floor elevation. Closed technique for smaller defects and open for larger one will be presented. The posterior mandible height is the difficult bone problem, there is still unsolved question of short implants and the angulated positioning of dental implants in limited bone. But there are known surgical technique for large bone vertical augmentation, as distraction osteogenesis and bone transp-lantations from hip, but require more surgical knowledge. The distraction osteogenesis will be presented and also the grafting of lower jaw with christa illiaca grafts and sandwich technique after Le Fort I osteotomy of upper jaw.In the end, the stable bone level around the dental implants is one of the main measures of their success. Also the problem of reosseointegration after the periimplant bone loss will be presented.


INVITED SPEAKERS

Zan Mitrev(Special Hospital for surgery Fillip II)

CURRICULUM VITAE

Professional biography1967 - 1975 Primary school “ Vanco Prke”, Stip 1975 - 1979 Secondary school “Slavco Stoimenski”, Stip 1979 -1985 Medical Studies of the University “ St. Ciril and Methodius “, Skopje/ Macedonia07/83 - 08/83 General prctice on the Medical Faculty on the University “Reina Sofija” Cordoba/ Spein13.04.1985 Graduating on the Medical Faculty of the University “St Ciril and Methodius “ Skopje/ Macedonia 05/85-08/88 Employed as a general practitioner on the Department for emergency case and Department for General surgery in Regional Hospital in Stip 09/88-11/90 Specialisation (assistant) on the Clinic for Cardiosurgery “ REBRO” on Medical Faculty on the University in Zagreb/ Croatia11/89-11/90 Postgraduate schooling, Index No. 33291, on the Medical Faculty on the University in Zagreb. Subject: The influence of the operatic technique of the surgical treatment of the acute coronary syndrome11/90-12/92 Assistant and scientific assistant on the Clinic for thoracic and cardiovascular surgery “ Jochan Wolfgang Goete University”, Frankfurt/M., Germany30.10.1992 Past exam for general surgery on the Medical Faculty on the University in Skopje, Macedonia01/93-09/93 Assistant on the Clinic for Cardiosurgery in Ludwigshafen, Germany10/93-09/94 Assistant on the Clinic for Cardiovascular surgery , Medical Faculty on the University in Zürich, Switzerland10/94-06/97 Main surgeon (Oberarzt) on the Clinic for cardiovascular surgery in Herzzentrum, Frankfurt/M., Germany07/97-12/99 Chief on the Department on the Clinic for Thoracic and cardiovascular surgery on “ Jochan Wolfgang Goete University”, Frankfurt/M., Germany12/99 - 12.01 Manager of the Cardiosurgery - CVZU Skopje/ Macedonia05/01 Scientific Phd work on topic: The importance of the geometric surgical reconstruction in the treatment of the left ventricle post infarction aneurysm of the heart14.12.2001Certification from TheEuropean board of the association for cardiovascular surgeons for ability for cardiothoracic and vascular surgery.01/02 - Manager on the Special Hospital for Cardiosurgery “ FILIP II”- Skopje/ Macedonia09/02 announcement and rewarding with The Academician Title of the „Platon “World AcademyHolder of abusary :09/88-09/91 University “St. Ciril and Methodius”, Macedonia10/91-12/91 Jochan Wolfgang Goete Univerzitat, Frankfurt/M., Germany01/92-12/92 Deutsche Herzstiftung, Germany10/93-09/94 Univerzitat, Zürich, Switzerland


INVITED SPEAKERS

Membership:1991 German Association for Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgeryAmerican college for AngiologyESAO, European Society for Artificial OrgansEACTS, European Society for cardiothoracic surgeryISMICS, International society for minimal invasive cardiosurgery. Awards:05.2002 Manager of the Year organised by the centre for stuff development and management field „Motiva“06.2003 Award for the best oral presentation and best audio and visual presentation on the VIth International Congress of the International Society for minimal invasive cardiac surgery. 19.06.200427.08.2003 A symbol of humanity- awarded with The Statue of Mother Theresa the highest humanity state award03.2004 Award for best case report on the Xth Jubilee Congress for Cardiothoracic technology, Majami, Florida, 12.03.200410.2004 Certification from Balcanian cardiosurgery Board for development of the cardiac surgery on the Balcanian space, Athens 23.10.2004

ABSTRACT:

DENTAL PROCEDURES IN PATIENTS ON ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY AFTER CARDIAC SURGERY

Z.Mitrev, T.Anguseva, E.Ambarkova-VilarovaSpecial Hospital for surgery Fillip II , Skopje, Macedonia

In performing dental procedures on patients on anticoagulation after cardiac surgery, the major concern is when it is safe to perform surgery without increasing the risk of hemor-rhage or increasing the risk of thromboembolism (eg, venous, arterial) after discontinuing treatment. It has been suggested that patients on long-term warfarin therapy (including those with mechanical heart valves or atrial fibrillation) who are undergoing minor elective invasive outpatient procedures (dental procedures) may have a slightly increased risk of periopera-tive bleeding if placed in some form of heparin therapy (eg, heparin bridge) than those who have their oral anticoagulation withheld for 4-5 days .Material and methods: For 13 years existing 15.000patients had been treated with cardio-vascular procedures.37% (5550) from operated patients had been treated with anticoagu-lant therapy due to vascular mechanical prosthesis implantation (25%-1387pat), rhythm disturbances(15%-832pat), periferial vascular prosthesis (52% -2886pat).and pure heart con-tractility (8%- 444pat). All patients after dicharging got a recomendation for anticoagulant treatment (obligate INR) as well as endocarditis prophylaxes which should be performed during dental procedures.Results: Due to irregular anticoagulant treatment (low INR) 20% (1110pat) from opperated patients treated with anticoagulant therapy have been re-opperated 98% (1087pat) with periferial vascular surgery, and 2%(23pat) due to valvular prosthesis disorders.Conclusion: Anticoagulant therapy is necessary to be applied on a appropriate way, keeping the target INR as a prevention from unnecessarily thrombogenic events. In case of planned or urgent other non- cardiac surgery heparin bridge should be used


INVITED SPEAKERS

Avi Reyhanian

(Institute of Advanced Dental Education in Hafia, Israel)

AUTHOR’S BIO

Dr. Reyhanian graduated from the University of Bucharest, Romania in 1988. He then participated in a fellowship program at the Oral & Maxillofacial Department Rambam hospital in Israel. He is a member of the academic staff at the Institute of Advanced Dental Education in Haifa, Israel and he currently practices general dentistry and oral surgery in Netanya, Israel.

Dr. Reyhanian’s practice has employed dental lasers since early 2002. He is a member of the ALD –Academy of laser dentistry- and is a member of the Israel Society of Dental Implantology.

Four wavelengths are used in his practice: Erbium:YAG (2940nm), CO2 (10600nm) , Diode (830nm) and LLLT (810 nm)

Dr.Reyhanian has been publishing and lecturing extensively worldwide in the field of dental laser.

Dr.Reyhanian was the global opinion leader of Lumenis company for dental laser division .Today he is a luminary doctor of Syneron company for the dental laser division


INVITED SPEAKERS

ABSTRACT:

THE USE OF THE ERBIUM YTTRIUM ALUMINIUM GARNET (2940 NM)-THE LITETOUCH- IN A LASER ASSISTED IMPLANT THERAPYThou Shalt and Shalt Not Do!

The array of available clinical applications for laser assisted dentistry isgrowing rapidly, with the greater number of applications being for oral surgery. Er: YAG laser wavelength is considered to be extremely safe, and is thedominant wavelength in dentistry today. Er: YAG is one of the most suitable wavelengths for bone applications.

The presentation will demonstrate the use of the Er:YAG laser in the world of implantology, and the advantages vs. conventional treatment methods.Today we can observe an inordinate lack clarity concerning the clinical uses of the laser in the field of implantology, and with many doctors in the field reality does indeed mix with fantasy.

The purpose in my presentation is to put some order into the chaotic information surrounding the subject and to provide some answers to the most common and frequent questions we often meet: How far we can go with this technology? Is it just a marketing tool or proven therapy? Where is the line between reality and fantasy? Does the new technology completely replace the conventional methods and if not, at which point do we lay the laser’s hand piece down and re-employ the “old” tools and conventional ways?

The presentation will exhibit, beyond any doubts, that Er:YAG laser,LiteTouch, is very valuable tools and shows promise and safe as an effective new technical modality for implant therapy.

The topics that will be discussed during this presentation will be:

1- Incisions2-Removal of granulation tissue.3-Marking the location and direction of the implant – Only lase at the cortical bone.4-Decortication and GBR technique.5-Reshaping of the soft tissue (flap) around the implants. 6-Uncovering of submerged implants.7-Flapless implants.8-Open sinus lift- Opening the window.9-Periimplantitis treatment.10-Implant failure treatment.11-Immediate implants in infected sites.

All the topics above will be followed by video films


INVITED SPEAKERS

Pedja Pavlovic

(Specialist in Perio and Implant Dentistry, London, UK)

CURRICULUM VITAE

Pedja Pavlovic, DDS, LDS, RCS, MSc – Specialist in Periodontics

Pedja graduated as a dentist in 1985. He practiced as a general dentist before staring his postgraduate training in Periodontology at the University of Belgrade, Yugoslavia and later in London where he completed his training in 1995. He is registered as a Specialist in Periodontics with the UK General Dental Council and runs a full-time Specialist Practice restricted to periodontal and implant dentistry in Tunbridge Wells and London. He is an ITI Fellow and ITI Mentor and is actively involved in postgraduate teaching and education in the UK and abroad.

Pedja’s special interest is in rehabilitation of periodontally susceptible patients with implants as well as aesthetic periodontal and implant treatment.

ABSTRACT:

PERIODONTALLY-DRIVEN IMPLANT SURGERY: MANAGING DISEASE BEFORE YOU BEGIN

Aims:

The aim of this presentation is to suggest a clinical protocol for the appropriate management of periodontal disease in partially edentulous patients prior to implant placement and restora-tion.

Objectives:

Following attendance at the presentation, participants should be able to:

-Appreciate the necessity to manage periodontal disease before commencing implant therapy-Assess the periodontal condition as appropriate to begin implant treatment-Acknowledge that removing teeth and placing implants can be start of the problems-Consider a proposed clinical protocol relevant to the management of periodontal disease in partially edentulous patients


INVITED SPEAKERS

Vaska Vandevska-Radunovic

(Department of Orthodontics, University of Oslo )

CURRICULUM VITAE

Vaska Vandevska-Radunovic received her DMD and MSc in orthodontics at the University “Kiril i Metodij” in Skopje. She continued her orthodontic training at the University of Bergen, Norway 1990-1992, where she obtained her PhD in 1998.

She is currently Professor at the Department of Orthodontics, University of Oslo and is involved in the education and research activity of both post-graduate and graduate students. She is a recipient of the Mobility Award for promising dental research and Research and Teaching Award of the Norwegian Dental Society.

Her main areas of interest are tissue reactions during orthodontic tooth movement and relapse and long-term outcome of orthodontic treatment.

ABSTRACT:

ORTHODONTICS AND PERIODONTICS: CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE INTERDISCIPLINARY TREATMENT

Controlled orthodontic tooth movement is enabled due to the capacity of the periodontal liga-ment and alveolar bone to remodel.

Basic knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the periodontium, as well as the relation-ship between occlusion and periodontal health is essential for the specialists in orthodontics and periodontics.

This knowledge provides a safe ground for a successful interdisciplinary collaboration and orthodontic treatment of both periodontally healthy and affected subjects.


INVITED SPEAKERS

Çeljana Toti

(Department of Stomatology in Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, Tirana- Albania)

CURRICULUM VITAE

ÇELJANA TOTI DMD MSc DDS

Dr. Çeljana Toti attended the Faculty of Medicine, Department of Stomatology, Tirana- Albania from 1991 to 1996. She was graduated with excellent results and after one year was nominated as assistant professor at the Department of Stomatology.

From1998 she is lecturer at the Department of Stomatology in Orthodontics. Dr. Çeljana Toti received the Master Degree, finishing the post graduated school on 2003, presenting the paper ”Anomalies of teeth number”.

She continued the education attending courses, lectures and seminars in USA and Europe. She has been an active participant in scientific events in Albania as well as abroad, more than 50 scientific presentations in Albania and abroad, more than 25 scientific papers published. She is member of Unions and associations in Albania and abroad ( AOS, ADS, APS, BASS, FEO, AAAS).

From 2003 she is member of the editorial board of the “Albanian Stomatological Review”(Scientific Journal of the Albanian Stomatological Society) and member of the editorial board of the “ Bulletin of Medical Sciences” ( Official Publication of the Medical Faculty) .from 2004 She is Vice President of Albanian Orthodontic Society from 2004.Dr. Çeljana Toti on 2005, obtained the PhD with the paper ”Agenesis in permanent dentition”.


INVITED SPEAKERS

ABSTRACT:

THE CONTROVERSY REGARDING EARLY TREATMENT

A quandary for the busy orthodontist in clinical practice is,”What knowledge and information should I be using in clinical decision making?”. Given the overwhelming volume of orthodontic literature published each year, how does the busy clinician have the time and read to make sense of the available evidence and apply it to daily practice? Some clinicians base their clinical decisions on their own unique observations and experiences, or perhaps even those of an “expert” currently on the literature circuit, while other orthodontists base their clinical judgments on the available scientific evidence rather than clinical reports. Because there are no universally accepted protocols in orthodontic practice, orthodontist may default to what they know best or what works in their hands. As clinicians, our experiences can be biased by our observations of “what works in our hands”.

In many cases when we examine an adult patient we think:” What could I have done with this patient many years before? It’s here when one of the great debates in Orthodontics starts. The purpose of this lecture is to provide the orthodontist with an evidenced –based perspective on a variety of important orthodontic topics regarding early treatment in Orthodontics. A review on literature will evaluate various aspects of early intervention and some of the controversies surrounding early treatment will be examined. Some of the topics included are: early expansion, E – space preservation, the efficacy of the mandibular lingual arch, early treatment of Class II and Class III, etc. Because the controversy regarding early treatment the arguments against and for early treatment will be presented.

Based on literature, high quality evidence demonstrates that early treatment has different efficacy when compared with later treatment. The difficult part than becomes identifying those individuals that may benefit sufficiently from an initial phase of treatment that can either eliminate or substantially simplify a second phase of treatment.

The orthodontist’s focus for clinical decision making should be on treatment protocols and strategies that are proven to be both efficacious and safe. Perhaps, this lecture will give the practitioner more appreciation of what academics and researchers do and how evidence impacts clinical orthodontic decision making and practice.


INVITED SPEAKERS

Adam Stabholz (Hebrew University Hadassah school of Dental Medicine, Israel)

CURRICULUM VITAE

Born in Poland in 1948 and immigrated to Israel with his family at the age of two. He completed his compulsory army service, in 1968, with the rank of captain in the Israel Air Force. In 1974 he graduated from the Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine founded by the Alpha Omega Fraternity and in 1978 he completed the graduate program in Endodontics at the University of Pennsylvania,In 1988, he was appointed Head of the Department of Endodontics at the Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, a position he has held ever since. Prof Stabholz was elected as Dean of the Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine in 1993, and in 1996 he was re-elected as Dean for a second consecutive three years term. In this year, he was also promoted to the rank of full professor in Endodontics.He has been chairman of the organising committees for several international congresses held in Israel, including: the First International Endodontics Conference (1981); the Second World Dental Conference (1988); the International I.B. Bender Conference of Endodontics (1996), the Fourth Endodontic World Congress of IFEA (1998) and the 50th Anniversary Celebrations and Scientific Congress of the School of Dental Medicine in Jerusalem (2003).Prof. Stabholz has held several important positions in the Alpha Omega Fraternity. In 1984, he was elected President of the Jerusalem Chapter. In 1989, he was the Marshal of the International Alpha Omega Convention in Jerusalem and in the following 13 years he served Alpha Omega as a Regent, as an International Trustee and as an International Director. He is also the past President of IFEA-the International Federation of Endodontic Associations, an umbrella organization of endodontic societies of 28 countries.Prof. Stabholz was awarded honorary degrees from the University of Bucharest and the University of Buenos Aires and the Certificate of Merit of the Alpha Omega International Dental Fraternity. He received from the Israel Dental Association the “Yakir Harash” award - the highest award for outstanding contribution to the dental profession in Israel and was elected as the Chairman of the Scientific Council of the Israel Dental Association. In 2012, he received the Achievement Medal Award from the Alpha Omega International Dental Fraternity.On May 2005, Adam Stabholz was elected again as Dean of the Hebrew Univesity - Hadassah school of Dental Medicine for a term of 4 years and in May 2009, he was re-elected for his forth term for four more years.Adam Stabholz has published extensively in the dental literature; he is the author of several chapters in endodontic textbooks and has lectured at many international dental meetings. His current research is focused on the application of lasers in dentistry.He is married to Ayala, a Clinical Associate Professor in Periodontics and they have three children: Karin (34), Yariv (30) and Yoav (24) one grandson, Iddo (7 years old) and one granddaughter Maayan (4 year old).


INVITED SPEAKERS

ABSTRACT:

LASERS AND THEIR CLINICAL APPLICATIONS IN ENDODONTICS

Laser technology is being developed very quickly. New lasers with a wide range of characteristics are available today and are being used in the various fields of dentistry. The search for new devices and technologies for dental procedures was always challenging and in the last twenty years much experience and knowledge was gained.

Our studies on dye penetration through lased and non lased dentin, SEM analysis of lased dentin surfaces and evaluation of anti-microbial effects of lasers as well as their effects on the apex and root canal systems paved the way for the development of a new endodontic laser tip.

The side-firing spiral tip was designed to fit a root canal that was prepared by NiTi rotary instrumentation. It emits the Er: YAG laser irradiation laterally to the walls of the root canal through a spiral slit located all along the tip. The tip is sealed at its far end preventing the passage of irradiation towards and through the apical foramen of the tooth.

SEM photographs showed clean walls of root canals lased with the RCLase side-firing spiral tip after biomechanical preparation of root canals with NiTi rotary files in comparison to root canals that were similarly prepared but not lased. Clinical cases with 2-5 years follow-up will be presented and discussed.


INVITED SPEAKERS

Silvana Krmek

(University of Zagreb, Croatia)

CURRICULUM VITAE

Silvana Jukic Krmek is full professor in the Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dental Medicine. He has authored or co-authored 56 scientific papers, review and professional papers in extenso, of which 25 cited in Current Contents.

She actively participated in numerous international and domestic conferences. The scientific work of Prof. Silvana Jukic Krmek mainly refers to the area of endodontics and the application of lasers in dentistry.

She has participated in research of immunohistological characteristics of healthy and inflamed pulp, the properties of materials for the root canal filling, the efficiency of solvents and laser for removal of root canal filling.

She also researched the application of laser and ultrasound in the preparation of the retrograde cavity, the temperature increase during operation with a laser, and epidemiological investiga-tions of quality of endodontic treatment and the prevalence of periapical processes in urban Croatian population.


INVITED SPEAKERS

ABSTRACT :

ENDODONTICS - THE MOST COMMON MISTAKES

Endodontics is a very demanding branch of dental medicine. Diagnosis is often difficult due to the complexity of the symptoms, referred pain or possibility of “toothache” of non-odontogenic origin. Field of work in endodontics is inaccessible to the eye, with a large number of ana-tomical variations and possible complications during the treatment. Therefore, for successful endodontic treatment, in addition to general dental knowledge, require additional equipment, training and experience of the therapist. In general practice dental medicine sometimes, due to objective reasons such as office equipment, knowledge and experience of the doctor of dental medicine and a lack of time, is difficult to carry out endodontic procedures according to modern standards, which should be available to all patients.

In this lecture the most common mistakes during endodontic treatment in general practice of dental medicine will be presented, in order to encourage the systematic approach to each case. In the process of diagnosis is very important to gather information in a specific order: medi-cal and dental history, clinical examination, and clinical tests to make a working diagnosis and treatment plan. Inconsistencies in the process can often lead to false diagnoses either in terms of determining a false tooth to cause pain or to surrounding structures such as ear, sinus or TMJ blame for “toothache.” The rule is that all pain in the mouth or on-site should be considered as being of dental origin until proven otherwise. The access cavity is the key that opens the door, and one of the most common errors encountered by endodontic specialists is unmatched access opening. Shape of access opening is in direct correlation with the anatomy endontic space. The consequences of poor access cavity, behind the infection in the off-cor-ners, are unidentified root canals, broken instruments, ledge and fuosse route. Determining the working length today is usually carried out by electronic apex locators. Although are extremely easy to use, they are not used in all dental practices. The consequences of poorly determined working length can be a persistent infection within non-instrumented and unfilled root canal, “rest”-pulpitis and chronic irritation of the periapical tissues in case of overfilling.

During instrumentation, possible errors are: separation of the instrument, use of inappropriate instrumentation techniques that ignore the anatomical characteristics of the canal, insufficient instrumentation that leaves vital or infected tissue, or excessive instrumentation that weakens the walls of the canal. Filling the channel should be long enough and compact with a material that does not irritate periapical tissue and dimensionally stable. In the final phase of endodon-tic treatment in post-endodontic reconstruction, there are a number of possible mistakes such as conservative treatment filling of teeth that require prosthetic supply, use of inappropriate and improper set posts, or inclusion of teeth with poor prognosis in extensive prosthetic work.


INVITED SPEAKERS

Jean Paul Rocca (University of Nice – Sophia Antipolis, France)

ABSTRACT :

Nd-YAP versus Nd-YAG in the treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity.ROCCA JP, HASAN R.O., FORNAINI C, MEDIONI E,

Aim of the study.Dentinal hypersensitivity in one of the most frequent condition that causes sharp short pain originating from exposed dentinal tubules to the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to compare the ability of two different wavelengths (1064nm vs 1341nm) in reducing exposure of dentinal tubules (SEM observations, modifications of the totth structure (Ca/P ratio, EDS microanalysis) and examining temperature rise during irradiation at three dentin thickness (1, 2, 3mm)Material and methods.Fourty height freshly extracted teeth were transversely sliced, EDTA treated to open the dentinal tubules, black coloured (graphite), randomly distributed into four groups (Nd-YAP and 5 groups (Nd-YAG) and irradiated via a 200µm fibre.Nd-YAP 5Hz. Output power groupA: untreated, group B:output power 0.9W PD 286W/cm2, group C output power 1.4W, 445W/cm2, group D output power 1._W573W/cm2. Frequency was unchanged:. Samples were SEM observed and dentinal tubules aperture reduction was quantified the SEM low vacuum technique allowing observation before and after surface treatment. An EDS element microanalysis was engaged for the four groups aiming to verify if the dentinal structure was modified.Nd-YAG 10Hz,: group B output power 0.25W, PD 353.86 W/cm². Group C output power 0.5W, PD 707.71 W/cm². Group D output power 0.75W :PD 1061.57 W/cm², Group E: output power 1W, PD 1415.43 W/cm². Results.Nd-YAP irradiation. Narrowing of the dentinal tubules is observed and decreased when the energy delivered increased approximately 50%. EDS analysis did not show modification of the Ca/P ratio. Temperature increase, measured on three different dentine thickness (1, 2, 3mm) with thermocouples was biologically acceptable with output powers of 0.9W (group B) and 1.4W (group C) but unacceptable with dentine discs of 1mm with an output power of 1.8W (group D).Nd-YAG irradiation. Narrowing of the dentinal tubules is observed. When the energy reaches more than 1000W/cm2 (approximately output power of 0.75W) risks are represented by more than one layer of modified dentinal structure. Temperature elevation is biologically acceptable with an output power ranging from 0.25 to 0.75W and unacceptable with dentine discs of 1mm with an output power of 1W.ConclusionNd-YAP laser with an output power of 1.4W is more effective than with 0.9W or 1.8W Nd-YAG laser with an output power 0.5W is more effective than with 0.25W or 1W.Both in those experimental conditions act without possible thermal damages for dental pulp when those parameters are used.


INVITED SPEAKERS

Petar Jevnikar (Division of Dental Medicine, Medical Faculty,

University of Ljubljana)

CURRICULUM VITAE

Doc. dr. Peter Jevnikar received a dr. dent. med. degree from the Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia in 1992. After passing the national board exam in 1993, he entered postgraduate program at the University of Ljubljana. Part of his research on the setting reaction monitoring of glass ionomer cements was done at the University of Waterloo, Canada.

He defended his M.Sc. thesis in 1997. He continued with the doctoral studies and received his Ph.D. degree from the University of Ljubljana in 2008. In cooperation with the Ceramics Dept., Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, the nano-structured aluminate coating was developed during his doctoral training, that promotes bonding to zirconia ceramics. National Research Agency of Slovenia appointed him as a Head of the research group, that is involved in zirconia dental ceramics research and is recognized as one of the leading groups in the field.

Dr. Jevnikar has been working in the Division of Dental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana since 1999 and is currently serving as Chairman of the Department of Prosthodontics. As a specialist in prosthodontics, he is involved in teaching at the undergraduate as well as postgraduate level. His clinical interests focus on implant rehabilitation of edentulous and oral cancer patients. He has lectured nationally and internationally and has published 15 scientific papers in highly ranked scientific journals, that are included in the Science Citation Index (SCI).

His publications have been cited more than 400 times and he holds an european patent. He is a member of the Academy of Dental Materials and International Association of Dental Research.


INVITED SPEAKERS

Marina Stolić(Croma Aesthetic Academy, Medica Aesthetica, Belgrade)

CURRICULUM VITAE

KEY QUALIFICATIONSMDLicensed international trainer in the field of cosmetic medicine and dentistry.EMMA, European Masters in Aesthetic & Anti-Aging Medicine, 2010, Paris, France.CAREER MOVESSecretary of clusters for medical tourism in Serbia, the Ministry of Economy and Regional De-velopment 2008-2009.The organizer of the Conference of Medical Tourism in Belgrade, 8-12 November 2008.Project Coordinator: Positioning of Serbia as medical tourism destination on the world map 2008-2009.Lecturer and opinion leader Croma Aesthetic Academy, ViennaThe founder and director of the aesthetic and educational center: Medica Aesthetica, in Bel-grade.Antiageing founder of the Serbian Academy.MEMBERSHIPMember of WOSAAM (World Society of Anti-Aging Medicine)Member of ECAM (European College of Aesthetic Medicine)Member of AAAMISO (Aesthetic & Anti-Aging Medicine International Society)Member of the Serbian Medical Society,Member ofNeurokardiološke sections of SerbiaSUBJECTS OF EDUCATION RESEARCHCosmetic dermatology and neuroscience.Gynecology and Oncology genetics, human reproductive genetics.PROJECTSSELECTED PUBLICATIONSMališić E, Jankovic R, M Majkić, Dobričić J, Radulovic S.: Alterations in the p53 gene and infec-tion with human papilloma virus type 16 in the early stages of cervical cancer in Serbia. Journal of the Balkan Union of Onkology, 2008 Oct-Dec, 13 (4) :525-32.Co-author of the work presented at the European Human Genetics Conference 2008 in Bar-celona.Conferee Oncology Balkan Union in Kusadasi 2008thShe participated in 2005/2006 for the second time at the invitation of the organizers of the 16th European Students Conference in Berlin.

Volunteer as a research associate on the project: Molecular heterogeneity of solid tumors of the ovary, 2001-2005.


INVITED SPEAKERS

ABSTRACT :

THE MODERN CONCEPT OF APPLICATION HIALURONIC IMPLANTS IN COSMETIC DENTISTRY

Introduction:Hyaluronic fillers are sterile, biodegradable, highly resilient, transparent, isotonic, homoge-neous injection implants. They were Approved by the FDA as a second category medical de-vices. Made of polysaccharide their main features are support tissue hydration and stimulation of autobiorevitalisation.

Goal:The aim of this study was to demonstrate the most effective method of application hijaluronice implants in the perioral region. To test the optimal, minimally invasive solution for gummy smile with hyaluronic implants, clinical effects of hyaluronic chin augmentation implants in chin asymmetry and retrognacije and mikrogenije. To design lips, corrective therapy of nasolabial grooves, supra and infralabial and fissures.

Methods:Fillers are applied to patients older than 18 years who had no contraindications for hyaluronic acid. The fillers that were applied are cross-linked fillers and hijalironic acid concentration was 23mg / ml. Hyaluronic implants were administered, whit modified intra and extraoral technique, whit intradermal needles and supraperiostalno. The needles were whit 20 mm lengths and thickness of 27G, cannulas whit length of 50mm and 70mm and thickness of 21G, 22G, and 23G. The amount of hyaluronan was 1-10ml, the amount was determined by the individual needs to achieve optimal results.

Results and conclusions:The patient underwent a complete reconstruction of the desired areas. Postoperative recovery is fully completed within two weeks, which included the withdrawal of bruising, swelling and promote natural architectonics of the treated soft tissue structures. Application of the hijaluronic implant is become part of the dental practice and dominance over surgical lifting procedures of the perioral region due to its advantages. The advantages are: no general anesthesia, the intervention is short, no scars, the patient has the maximum comfort (using local anesthesia), patient immediately continue their daily activities. Our studies show excellent results with mini-mal complications. Knowing these techniques is simple and effective, it should be an option in the treatment of these indications, for anyone who deals with cosmetic dentistry.


INVITED SPEAKERS

Boris Simončič (Simed Zobozdravstvo, Ljubljana, Slovenia)

CURRICULUM VITAE

Born in Ljubljana, Slovenia, January 6th, 1960. Following primary and secondary school gra-duated at the Medical Faculty, Department of Dentistry at the University of Ljubljana in 1985. Until 1990 he worked as a general practitioner at the Dental Health Center in Ljubljana. In 1990 began a private practice in Ljubljana.

From 1992 to 1996 he was Assistant at the Department for Oral diseases and Periodontology on the MU Dept. for Dentistry, University in Ljubljana.

In 1993 graduated from the specialization program of Oral Diseases, Endodontic and Peri-odontology at Prof. Dr. sc. Janko Müller, DDS, at the Medical Faculty, Department of Dentis-try, at Faculty in Ljubljana.

In 1999 also completed a basic course in oral rehabilitation by means of tissue integrated endoprostheses by Prof. Dr. Daniel van Steenberghe, DM, in EOTC in Leuven, Belgium. In 1995 became Associate Scientific Member of the Heraeus Kulzer Research Group in Germany under Dr. Sc. Detlef Heindel, dipl. Chemistry. He worked as independent advisor in developing new filling materials.

In 1999 defended his Doctor Dissertation at the Ludwig-Maximillian University in Munich, Germany, at the Department for Dental Materials and Periodontology with mentor Prof. Dr. sc. Karl-Heinz Kunzelmann, DDS, and co-mentor, department Head Prof. Dr. sc. Reinhard Hickel, DDS.

In the same year he was the initiator and founder of the Slovenian Association for Osseoin-tegration (SAO) and became it first president. Honorable members of SAO are Prof. Dr. sc. Per-Ingvar Brånemark, MD, Prof. Dr. sc. Daniel van Steenberghe, DM and Prof. Dr. sc. Tho-mas Albrektsson, DM.Since 1999 he is an international speaker at the Congresses worldwide, such as IADR, AADR, EAO, ICRPS and at the Congresses in Slovenia as well. He has published over 20 original scientific and overview articles. As an active participant he has given more than 25 lectures at the Slovenian dental congresses. Has given 3 lectures and presented 2 posters on 5 IADR Congresses, lecturer and presenter of posters at the EAO Congress and has pre-sented posters on Europerio 3, 4, 5 and 6. He has given a lecture as the invited speaker at the ANDI Congress Alpe Adria in Italy, lecturer at the World Academy for Osseointegration in Venice 2006, Italy and invited speaker at the Dental Congress of Vojvodina 2011.


INVITED SPEAKERS

ABSTRACT :

FUTURE IMPACT OF PERIODONTAL DISEASE

A tooth filling, composed of wax and honey, was placed already 6500 years ago. All since then, mankind believed that conditions affecting the mouth could have implications on peripheral tissues and organs (O’Reilly PG., Claffey NM., 2000). Founding of first dental school in Bal-timore in 1840 was historical separation of medicine and dentistry (Rutkauskas JS., 2000). That moment set in motion a number of conditions that today distinguish medicine and dentis-try as separate professions. Last century has four main pathogenic concepts: autointoxificati-ons, focal infection, psychosomatic disease and autoimmunity. First two are firmly associated with dentistry (Beeson PB., et al., 1992). Recently, a new data establish a strong relationship between periodontal and systemic health or disease. This highlights a two-way relationship. Periodontal disease in an individual may be a powerful influence on an individual’s systemic health or disease. Another role is that systemic disease may have influencing an individual’s periodontal health or disease (Williams RC., et al., 2000).

Such definition demandnew diagnostic and treatment strategies which help to recognize the relationship between periodontal and systemic disease. The broad term “Periodontal Medici-ne”, that defines a rapidly emerging branch of periodontology was first introduced by Offenba-cher in 1996 (Offenbacher S., 1996).

The strong influence of periodontal disease on cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, myo-cardial infection, stroke, diabetes, pregnancy outcomes is well known and documented. De-spite this knowledge periodontology has not yet determinate periodontal treatment protocol specially designed to improve systemic heath.

Dentists would be needed to understand and work with routine medical diagnostic tests. Among these the blood chemistry analyses, hem cytology,hormone picture, urea analyses are most frequent. New therapies based on this ground need to be involved.

These initial observations of an association between periodontal and systemic disease need to be extended in future periodontology.


INVITED SPEAKERS

Kyung-San Min(Department of Conservative Dentistry, Chonbuk National

University School of Dentistry, Jeonju, Korea)

CURRICULUM VITAE

PERSONAL HISTORYBorn: Date: July 22, 1972, Seoul, Korea

Educational History:Dankook Unviersity, Cheonan, Korea PhD 2007 EndodonticsDankook Unviersity, Cheonan, Korea MS 2000 EndodonticsDankook Unviersity, Cheonan, Korea DDS 1997 DentistryDankook Unviersity, Cheonan, Korea 1993 Predent Course

Academic and Professional Appointments:2010:Associate Professor-Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University2006-2010:Assistant Professor- of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University2003-2006:Full time lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of dentistry, Wonkwang University1997-2000:Resident, Endodontics, Dankook University Dental Hospital

Additional Appointments:2008-2010 Visiting scholar, Department of Cariology, Restorative Science and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann ArborCertificates and Licensure:2003- Accredited Dentist in Restorative Science and Endodontics (No. 57), Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry1997- Korean Dental License (No. 15129), Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family Affairs, Korea

Honors and Awards2008 Academic Award for New Researcher in Korean Dental Association (Paper: Min KS, Chang HS, Bae JM, Park SH, Hong CU, Kim EC. The induction of heme oxygenase-1 modulates bismuth oxide-induced cytotoxicity in human dental pulp cells. J Endod 2007;33:1342-6)2006 Academic Award for New Researcher in Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry (Paper: Min KS, Kim HI, Park HJ, Pi SH, Hong CU, Kim EC. Human pulp cells response to Portland cement in vitro. J Endod 2007;33:163-6)2003 Division Commander’s citation (35th Division, Korean Army)2001 Division Commander’s citation (7th Division, Korean Army)


INVITED SPEAKERS

Society Memberships:2006- International Association of Dental Research2003- Korean Academy of Endodontics1997- Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry1997- Korean Dental AssociationCommittee Appointments and Consultant Positions: (Dental School)2006- Curriculum committee, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University2006- Committee, Dental Science Institute, Wonkwang UniversityCommittee Appointments and Consultant Positions: (University)2007- Faculty Advisory Board member, Wonkwang UniversityCommittee Appointments and Consultant Positions: (National and International)2007- Korea Health Industry Development Institute Grant Reviews2007- National Research Foundation of Korea2004-2010 Journal Reviewer:2004- Korean Association of Conservative Dentistry2004- Korean Academy of Endodontics2011- BMC medical Imaging

ABSTRACT :

Successful root canal preparation using single-file system

Kyung-San Min DDS PhDDepartment of Conservative Dentistry, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeon-ju, Korea

Preparation of the root canal system is the cornerstone for adequate cleaning and effective 3-dimensional obturation. Rotary nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) files have become the most widely used engine driven instruments for root canal preparation. The widespread use of these instru-ments has considerably simplified and sped up the root canal shaping procedure. To date, Ni-Ti file has successively improved by morphological development or changing metal properties. In order for operating convenience and economic feasibility, many file manufacturers have tried to reduce the number of files used in a root canal preparation. Recently, the new single-file system has been introduced. The system is designed to be used with a dedicated reciprocating motion motor. It is well documented that the single-file system is simple to understand and use for most clinicians. However, the single-file system only shapes the canal, extremely quickly in many cases. Therefore, it is the duty of clinicians to emphasize the role and importance of irrigation as a major determinant of endodontic success. The objective of the presentation is to gain a thorough knowledge of root canal preparation using the “brand-new” instruments. This presentation also highlights the procedures for safe and efficient irrigation and provides cutting-edge information on the most recent developments.


INVITED SPEAKERS

Igor Ristic(Center for Dental Esthetic and Implantology, Belgrade, Serbia)

CURRICULUM VITAE

After graduating in Serbia in 1996, Dr Ristic searched the new frontiers emerging trends in esthetic dentistry and implantology. In 1999, he finished specialization in dental prosthodontics with special accent on all-ceramic adhesive restorations. In 2001 established in Belgrade, Serbia, his private practice Center for Dental Esthetic and Implantology.

Dr Ristic loves teaching treatment planing and various clinical procedures through lectures, hands-on trainings and workshops with focus on all-ceramic and implant restorative procedures. He gave more than 60 lectures nationally and internationally.

In 2008 Dr Ristic was awarded with a Fellowship from the ‘International Academy of Dental Facial Aesthetics’ in New York, an recognition shared by worlds eminent dental professionals.

One of the founding members of Serbian Academy of Esthetic dentistry, Certified ESCD Member of the board, member of BaSS, ITI, AACD and affiliate member of IADFE.


INVITED SPEAKERS

ABSTRACT :

QUALITY IS NOT AN ACCIDENT-PROPER TREATMENT PLANNING IN AESTHETICALLY CHALLENGING RESTORATIVE CASES

Modern dentistry involves increasing demand in functional and aesthetic restorations. Transfer from pain relief and so called ,,needed dentistry” to the functional and aesthetically driven one - ,,wanted dentistry”, place treatment planning, precision and minimally invasive approach in focus of our daily practice.

The lecture would discuss new trends in treatment planning for restoring aesthetic zone with restorations on teeth and implants. It would involve the issue of matching implant restorations with natural dentition and teeth supported restoration in the best manner.

Purpose of the lecture is to bring closer aesthetic and minimally invasive procedures to the practitioners, give an insight of the need for collecting necessary documentation for proper treatment planning, within the team and lab communication. It would deliver lot of clinical tips from choosing digital devices for diagnostic to treatment planning , right restorative and other materials to achieve procession, to the desired sequence of overlapping different clinical spe-cialities with the two goals- professional satisfaction of restoring team and personal one of treated patient.

The lecture would rely on huge literature evidences, authors personal experience, supported with the extended clinical photo documentation of selected cases.

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Metodi Abadjiev(Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University – Varna, Bulgaria)

CURRICULUM VITAE

Education: • 1993 – Medical Academy-Plovdiv – Master degree in Dentistry • 1997 – Defends a specialty in Prosthodontics • 2007 – Defends a dissertation on topic: “Possibilities for treating patients, allergic to metals and alloys, with laboratory composite restorations on natural teeth and implants” and acquires a PhD degree • 2010 – Acquires an academic rank of Associate Professor • 2011 – Implantology Expert DGOI• 2011 - ICOI Diplomate Occupation: • 1993 – Emergency section at RDP-Varna • 1994-1997 – Prosthodontics ward at DDP-Varna • 1996-2005 – A visitor lecturer in “Technology of dental prostheses” at Medical College-Varna • Since 1997 – own dental practice • Since February, 2008 – Assistant Professor in the Department of Prosthodontics and Orthodontics, FDM, Medical University-Varna • Since January, 2010 – Associate Professor in the Department of Prosthodontics and Orthodontics, Deputy Chair of Center of Oral Implantology, FDM, MU-Varna



ABSTRACT:

ADDITIONAL METHODS AND TECHNIQUES FOR INCREASING THE ORGANISM’S RE-PARATIVE AND HEALING ABILITIES

Bckground: Aiming to achieve different augmentation processes like guided bone regeneration, vertical and lateral onlay grafts with autogenous bone block, sinus lift and split crest is vital to fall back on additional methods and techniques in order to increase and provide smooth healing abilities of the organism. The primary goal is to provide optimal conditions for the natural reparative processes by applying biological attitude towards bone, soft tissue and to the healing itself.

Methods and materials: Biological attitude towards the bone is gained by using piezosurgery. Er:YAG laser and Auto bone collector. Biological attitude towards the soft tissue is gained by applying split thickness flap, platelets derivatives and buccal fat pad. Biological attitude towards the healing process is obtained by photo dynamic therapy and ozone therapy.

Results: Increasing the organism reparative and healing abilities contributes for smooth, without any complications post-operative process compared to cases without using additional methods and techniques.

Conclusion: In nowadays high competitive and full of requirements daily routine is more than obligatory to provide and ensure reparative and healing process of the organism without any complications and with high percentage success of the augmentation processes used. That is why additional methods demanding high-technology and skills are applied.



NorinaForna(Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy

“Gr. T. Popa, Romania)

CURRICULUM VITAE

Position: Dean of the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Chief of the Disciplines Oral Implantology, Maxillo-facial Prostheses, Removable Prosthetics – University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr.T.Popa” Iaşi- Member of the National Council – the College of Dental Physicians from Romania- Medical Expert in Public Health – General Stomatology Specialty- President of the Stomatology Section – The Society of Physicians and Naturalists Iasi- President of the Commission for Practical Guides Development, the College of Dental Physicians

from Romania – Dental Prosthetics Domain- Trainer – “The Malpraxis Situations Prevention and Management” domain - Coordinator of the Dental Prosthetics Specialty – Iasi areaINTERNATIONAL TITLES AND FUNCTIONS:- Ambassador Circle International Congress of Oral Implantologists (ICOI, USA)- Chevalier dansl`Ordre des PalmesAcademiques- AUF Expert (L’Agenceuniversitaire de la Francophonie)- Vice-President International Congress of Oral Implantologists - for Romania (ICOI, USA)- Fellow and Diplomat of the International Congress of Implantologists- Ambassador for Romania of European Association for Dental Education (ADEE) - Ambassador and Member of the Board of Directors, the scientific commission- The Confederation

of Deans of Total or Partial French Origin(CIDCDF) ACADEMIES AND ACADEMIC SOCIETIES:- Member - Fellow of the Pierre FauchardAcademy, USA- Member of the Board of Directors, the American Academy of Dental Education- Member of the National Academy of Dental Surgery, France- Member of the American Academy of Implantology- Member of the Periointegration Academy- Member of the Faculty of General Practice, The Royal College of Surgeons of EnglandsSCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES:- Founding Member and Member in the Federal Bureau – International Federation of Odontosto-

matology and Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery (IFOSCMFS)- Member of International Congress of Oral Implantologists (ICOI – USA), Implantology – Prosthe-

tics Section- Member of American Dental Association- Member of European Prosthetic Association (EPA)- Member in the Leading Board IMAT, Germany- Member in the Leading Board EIDAM, Canada- Member of the European Association for Dental Education- Member of Internationalen Gesellschaft fur Ganzheitliche ZahnMedizine. V.(G.Z.M)- Member of International Dental Federation (FDI)- Member of Societé Francaise d’Implantologie (SFI, France)- Member of Association d’Enseignement d’Odontologie et de Stomatologie (AEOS, France- Member of Balkanic Medical Union - Member of International Stomatological Association



Education and training:- Superior studies: the Faculty of Dental Medicine,University of Medicine and Pharmacy

“Gr.T.Popa” Iaşi; the Faculty of Medicine,University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr.T.Popa” Iaşi- Doctor in Dental Medicine (1997); primary doctor in general stomatology, primary doctor in oro-

maxillo-facial surgery, family doctor. - Master’s Degree in Composite Prosthesis in Extended Partial Edentation; - Master’s Degree in Implantology and Prosthetics;- Certificate in complementary studies in computerized regulatory thermography(Germany);- Supra-specialization in Oral Implantology, Dental Prosthetics and Oral Surgery (Paris 5, 6, MSF)- Competence inImplantology;- Master’s Degree in Business Administration, the Post-university School of Management.

ABSTRACT:

NEW APPROACHES FOR IMPLANT PROSTHETIC REHABILITATION

Prof. Dr. Norina Consuela Forna, PhD, MSc, DMD - Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania

Introduction: Oral rehabilitation is the integrative concept reuniting each segment of the den-to-maxillar apparatus affected by edentation under its various clinical forms, without eluding the complications induced and the influence played by the general status within the chosen therapeutic algorithm.The purpose of this study is to analyze the extent to which the therapeutic solutions within the oral rehabilitation get closer to the therapeutic ideal, as well as the modality in which the reality of the clinical cases reflected in the particular aspects of the prosthetic field, the general condi-tion, the socio-economical criteria influence the clinic finality.Methods: The lot of selected patients, with a complex pathology, in the field of partial edenta-tion, particularizes the algorithm of rehabilitation, as a result of the factorial cumulus gener-ated on the one hand by therapeutic possibilities corroborated with parameters which aim at the prosthetic field and on the other hand with the limits related to the general conditions of the patient, with the local biological and clinical factors, the biomechanical concept or socio-economical criteria.Results: The choice of the therapeutic solution in agreement with the particularity of the clini-cal case is the result of a complex algorithm, synthesizing the clinical and paraclinical data through the classical methods or the computerized variant, corroborated with the simulative aspects of 3D modellingThe implanto-prosthetic therapy, the threshold of exigency in the variety of therapeutic solu-tions of the current dental medicine plays an important role in the therapeutic solutions under analysis, the therapeutic variants bearing certain divers aspects dictated by the architecture of the prosthetic field, the type of complications, the augmentation techniques used and the ap-plication of the bio-mechanical principle.Conclusions: The rehabilitation of partial edentation starts from the simplest solutions and ends with the most complicated and ideal ones, representing a permanence in the field of pos-sibilities and limits, with the patient in the middle of this circle, being ideally ware of the possibil-ity of the best firm solution of treatment, dictated by the deficiencies appeared or pre-existent to diminish the emotional field with the certainty of choice in the therapeutic solution.



Zoran Vlahovic(V - Dental Center, Podgorica, Montenegro)

ABSTRACT:

ADVANTAGES OF FLAPLESS IMPLANTOLOGY

Zoran Vlahović, PhD

Flapless surgical technique is a minimally invasive procedure of dental implant placement without raising a mucoperiostal flap The practical application of these surgical techniques in implant dentistry is directly related to the introduction of new technology advances in dentistry, the appearance of CBCT (Cone Beam Computer Tomography) apparatus and software for planning implant placement, and experience dating several years ago.

The aim of the lecture is to show the research results obtained by comparing the flap and flapless surgical technique of implant placement. Clinical studies flapless technique included a comparison of the local response of peri-implant tissue edema and postoperative condition of peri-implant mucosa, resonance frequency analysis, the peri-implantatne bone resorption, as well as survey-based studies of patients (anxiety, postoperative pain, swelling, recovery). Experimental studies were based on analysis pathohystological periimplant bone and soft tissues as well as the level achieved osseointegration.

Flapless surgical technique clearly leads to less trauma and faster recovery after implants placement, and its performance we needed a three-dimensional X-ray, which is available visualization of bone. For the preparation of implant used stent with guide rails, and this implantation is characterized by optimal implant placement and predictability prosthetic In our experimental study in domestic pigs, we compared the results obtained after the flap and flaples implant palcement technique: X-ray analysis of peri-implant bone resorption, resonance frequency analysis, healing of peri-implant mucosa



Golubovic Mileta(Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro)

ABSTRACT:

OVEREXPRESSION OF P53 PROTEIN AND HISTOPATHOLOGIC FEATURES OF ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMAGolubovic Mileta - prof., Antunovic Marija - ass prof, Vlahovic Zoran -ass.prof

BACKGROUND/AIM. The most common malignancy of the oral cavity is the oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Oral cancer oncogenesis is a multistage process involving genetic and epigenetic damages, mainly caused by the action of carcinogenic agents. Two classes of genes have the main role in this process: proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and they are necessary to control the process of proliferation, differentiation and cell death. P53 gene is commonly mutated tumor suppressor gene in human tumors. P53 gene and its protein products have become the center of intense studing from the time when it was discovered that more than 50% of human neoplasms have had a mutation in this gene. The study of the molecular pathogenesis of OSCC can help in the search for molecular markers that might predict the clinical behavior of the tumor, which is not strictly related to TNM staging or histologic grading. Also, it would help to make decisions about the choice of more effective therapeutic modality of treatment. According to that, the aim of this study was to determine the immunohistochemical expression of p53 protein in tissue of OSCC and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters. MATERIAL AND METHOD. This study is based on samples prospectively/retrospectively collected from 84 patients with a primary OSCC, who were diagnosed and treated at the Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, Clinical Center of Montnegro, between 2003 and 2006. Clinicopathologic information of each case, including age, gender, tumor size, location, histologic grade and nuclear grade was obtained from the patients files. Paraffin blocks of tumor tissue were obtained from the Center for Pathology and forensic medicine, Clinical Center of Montenegro. Shortly prior to the immunohistochemical staining, serial sections were prepared for hematoxylin/eosin (H/E) staining, which defined histological type of oral cancer as well as relevant histopathological parameters. Based on hematoxylin/eosin preparation, a representative sample of tissue for immunohistochemical staining was chosen. Semi-quantitative assessment of p53 protein expression included the selection of 10 visual fields with approximately 1000 cells in order to determine the percentage of p53 stained tumor cells. According to the percentage of positive tumor cells, the samples were divided into the following groups: score 0 - no reactivity of tumor cells; score 1- equal or less than 5% positive nuclei of tumor cells; score 2 - 6 to 10%; score 3 - 11 to 40%; score 4 - equal or more than 40% positive nuclei of tumor cells. An SPSS for Windows (17.0) computer program was used for statistical analyses.

RESULTS. There was statistically significant difference in frequency of patients without p53 protein expression in the tissue of oral squamous cell carcinoma (score 0) and those with the highest expression of this protein (score 4) vs. the frequency of patients with the p53 expression 1, 2 and 3. There was no correlation between p53 expression and histologic or nuclear tumor grade. The greatest tumor size was found in patients with the highest expression of p53 protein (score 4). It was found a statistically significant effect of p53 protein on tumor length and also there was a trend of larger values of tumor size in patients with expression of p53 protein more than 10%.



Theodoros Lambrianidis(Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki)

CURRICULUM VITAE

Born in 1952 in Thessalloniki-Grece and qualified in 1976 from the dental School of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki- Greece. From 1976 to 1978 Postgraduate Studies at Oral Surgery Department, Queen Mary’s Hospital- London, and at King’s College Hospital Dental School, London, UK and the academic year 1984-1985 sabbatical at Eastman Dental Hospital, London, UK. In 1981 awarded PhD from, the dental School- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki- Greece.Since 1980 member of the Department of Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. From 2006 full Professor at the same department.

Main Research InterestIatrogenic errors during root canal treatment

Publications/Participation in Conferences/MeetingsAuthor of 128 articles in Greek and international journals, author and co-author of 6 books and a chapter in book on the subject of endodontics. More than 200 presentations in national and international conferences/meetings/seminars.Chief-Editor of the Greek journal “Endodontologia” for 5 years and served at various period as board member of international and national journals (Endodontics and Dental Traumantology, Balkan Journal of Stomatology ,Stoma)Since 1980 in private practice exclusively in endodontics

ABSTRACT:

LEDGES, PERFORATIONS AND SEPARATED INSTRUMENTS AN ONGOING PROBLEM IN THE ERA OF ROTARY INSTRUMENTATION TECHNIQUES

Th. Lambrianidis

Procedural accidents can interrupt the sequence of steps during root canal treatment at any time and stage as all steps are interdependent and equally susceptible to iatrogenic errors. In most cases, these accidents are the result of the dentist’s erroneous manipulation and inattention to detail. In a few cases, they may be totally unpredictable.

The aim of this lecture is to summarize current understanding related to these errors with an emphasis on their prevalence their most common causes, their recognition and management. Emphasis will also be focused on their prevention and their impact on prognosis.



Burcu Bal Küçük(Department of Prosthodontics, Yeditepe University – Turkey)

CURRICULUM VITAE

Dr. Burcu Bal Küçük was graduated from Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey in 2002. She recieved PhD degree at the Department of Prosthodontics, Yeditepe Uni-versity, Istanbul, Turkey in 2008. Between 2004 and 2008 she also has training about Facial Pain and Craniomandibular Disorders. She has been working as a lecturer at Department of Prosthodontics, Yeditepe University since 2008. Dr. Bal Küçük is a candidate member of the European Academy of Craniomandibular Disorders. She has many publications in national and international journals. She has special interest in temporomandibular disorders, bruxism and low level laser therapy.

ABSTRACT:

BRUXSİZM Parafunctional activities are non functional oromandibular or lingual activities that includes jaw clenching, bruxism, tooth grinding, tooth tapping, cheek biting, lip biting, object biting that can occur alone or in combination and are different from functional activities like chewing, speaking and swallowing. Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms defines bruxism as parafunctional grinding of teeth or an oral habit consisting of involuntary rhythmic or spasmodic non functional gnash-ing, grinding or clenching of teeth in other than chewing movements of the mandible which may lead to occlusal trauma. Prevalence rate of bruxism is about 8–16% respectively in adult population and 14 to 20% in children.

Tooth grinding is an activity particularly important to the dentist because of breakage of dental restorations, tooth damage, induction of temporal headache and temporomandibular disorders, etc. In cases of severe and frequent sleep bruxism, the variation of the number of oro-motor episodes per hour of sleep is 25%, and the variation of tooth-grinding frequency is higher, at 53.5%.

Tooth wear is considered to be analogous to bruxism. Several studies have demonstrated a positive relationship between tooth wear and bruxism. However some of the wears are not nec-essarily related with bruxism. In order to prevent more damage to dental structures differential diagnosis is important.During presentation etiology of bruxism, early detection of the parafunctions and treatment modalities will be discussed.



Dorjan Hysi(Faculty of Medicine Dental Department, Tirana, Albania)

CURRICULUM VITAE

President of the Albanian Dental Association

Director of University Dental Clinic, Tirana, Albania

Full time academic staff at University of Tirana, Faculty of Medicine, Dental Department.

Undergraduate studies for dentistry at University of Tirana, Master of Science in Dentistry and PhD at University of Tirana.

Graduate Studies for Dental Public Health as a Fulbright Student at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Dental Branch at Houston.

Other professional experience as the Dental Officer at the Ministry of Health of Albania and invited Lecturer at other Dental Schools inside the Country

Participation with lecture and scientific presentations in national and international dental events. Author and coauthor in papers published nationally and internationally.

Member of several international professional associations such as EADPH, FDI, CECDO, BASS etc.



ABSTRACT :

FLUORIDE VARNISH EFFECT ON DENTAL CARIES IN THE PERMANENT DENTITION OF THE ALBANIAN SCHOOL CHILDREN.

Dental Caries is a major oral health problem in Albania. The previous data for the age group of 12 years old indicate that only 15% are caries free, the mean DMFT = 3.1. There was not any previous preventive program implemented. Aim: To measure the effect of fluoride varnish (5% NaF, 22,600 ppm) application on dental caries on the permanent dentition.

Materials & Methods: The research was designed as a prospective case control study. We used cluster sampling technique. The number of participants (12 years old) at the experiment group in baseline was (n= 306) and (n = 395) at the control group. We followed the WHO criteria. Clinical Examination and a dental exam form were completed for each participant of the experiment and the control group at baseline and at the end of the study. Four varnish applications were performed in the experiment group in 18 months. The caries was recorded based on surface DS (decayed surface), DMFS.

Results: After 18 months the children at the control group showed a significant caries increment DMFS = 3.89 to 4.44 (p< 0.05) , compared with the experiment group were the DMFS = 3.58 to 3.57, was close the same.

The preventive fraction was almost 100% . The first molar was responsible for almost 90 % of the caries experience. About 60% of dental caries experience was untreated caries.

Conclusions: The results confirm that fluoride varnish was efficacious in preventing dental caries and it should be part of the preventive program designed to reduce lifetime dental caries experience.Acknowledgements: Ministry of Health of Albania, General Health Authority of Tirana, Faculty of Medicine Dental Department.

Key words: fluoride varnish, topical fluoridation, dental caries increment, preventive fraction.



Stipica Popovski(University “Goce Delcev”,Faculty of Medical Science-Stip,

FYROM)

CURRICULUM VITAE

Personal InformationDate of Birth: 14.03.1972 Place of Birth: Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Citizenship: Macedonian, Croatian Marital Status: married Education:

1. Dental High School 1990 year- dental technician2. Dental Faculty 1996 year-dentist 3. Dental Faculty- specialization in orthodontics 2000 year4. Dental Faculty- master degree in orthodontics 2003 year5. Dental Faculty - PhD diploma in orthodontics 2006 year

Employment History

1. University Dental Clinical Center Skopje, Republic of Macedonia from 1996 year.2. Assistant at Dental Faculty Skopje, Macedonia- 2003-20083. Assistant-professor at the Dental Faculty Skopje, Macedonia 20084. Vice general manager at the University Dental Clinical Center Skopje from 2006-2008 year5.Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Medical Science-Stip 20106.President of the Macedonian Orthodontic Society from 2009.Professional Qualifications:

Orthodontic diagnostic and therapy, Fixed orthodontic appliances, Education skills, Public health management skills, Computer Skills, Fluent English

Publications: More than 40 professional publications.



ABSTRACT:

SMILE DOES MATTER-Contemporary adult orthodontic treatment considerations

Introduction: How important is a smile when attracting others? What would be the first thing you looked for in a member of the opposite sex; a perfect body, an ideal fashion sense, piercing eyes? Or perhaps a beautiful smile? It’s fair to say that all of these things feature on some level to everyone when they scout a room looking for Mr. or Mrs. Right, but how important is one over another? Let’s say that a smile is the most important thing when it comes to being attrac-tive. According to research, a smile can mean up to seventeen different things, with men and women interpreting all of these smiles differently. Then there’s the quality of a person’s smile to consider and how often they smile. When combined, these issues become confusing when trying to answer our question. So, how important is a smile? A lot? These days it can be deter-mined that smile does matter, and if someone is not happy and satisfied with the smile it can easily be changed and corrected with the modern techniques that contemporary medicine and dentistry can offer. Many people did not get braces when they were young. Either their parents could not afford braces, or their teeth could not be straightened with the techniques of 40 years ago. Now they have problems with their teeth and gums, they get indigestion all the time or they are just unhappy with their smile. They can afford braces now, and want to do something for themselves so they get braces. Other people did have orthodontic treatment when they were young, but they did not wear their retainers until they stopped growing. The result is that their teeth are now a little bit crooked and they are unhappy with their smile so they get braces too.

Aim: To present the benefits of the contemporary adult orthodontic treatment over the so called ”instant” orthodontic treatment.

Material and methods: During a period of 5 years, from 1260 adult patients, who were not happy with their smile, 323 adult patients accepted orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic appliance. Average treatment period was 1,2 years long, resulting with satisfying results and beautiful natural smile.

Conclusion: Presently as much as 1/4 of the orthodontic treatment being done is being done on adult patients. It is quite a change from 10 years ago when orthodontists were only treat-ing children, meaning that one aspect of orthodontic treatment, called “Adult” orthodontics has become more and more popular. As the name applies, this treatment is somewhat different from conventional treatment even though both involve moving teeth. Some people define adult orthodontic treatment as being simple treatment done in a relatively short period of time i.e. 6-9 months, with limited treatment objectives such as not correcting skeletal problems. For many adults the orthodontic treatment is as an adjunct to periodontal and prosthetic therapy e.g. the placement of a bridge or an implant may require the uprighting of abutment teeth. Another ma-jor objective of adult orthodontic treatment is to enhance the anterior esthetics. This normally involves relatively minor rotations, closing incisor spaces or reducing the protrusion of the up-per incisor teeth.



Radosveta Vasileva(Faculty of Dental Medicine, Sofia, Bulgaria)

CURRICULUM VITAE

Date and Place of Burth: Juni 10, 1960, Dobritsh, Bulgaria

Education and Employment :1979-1984 Undergraduate Studies, Faculty of Dentistry of Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria1988 -1991 PhD thesis on “Composite Materials in the Treatment of Cervical Caries”1991-1992 OAAD Fellowship Program in Graz, Austria1992-1993 Postgraduate Studies at Department of Conservative Dentistry at the Faculty of Dental Medicine Sofia and Specialist of Operative Dentistry and Endodontology1995 2-months Visiting Program at the University Clinic in Regensburg, Germany1998 2-months Visiting Program at the University Clinic in Regensburg, Germany2005 Specialist of General Dental Practice1991-2006 Assistant Professor at the Department of Conservative Dentistry in Sofia2006 Associate Professor at the Department of Conservative Dentistry in Sofia Full Time Lecturer2008 Associate Professor at the Department of Conservative Dentistry in Varna Part Time Lecturer2010 - today Head of Department of Conservative Dentistry Faculty of Dental Medicine of Sofia

Main Research InterstMicroleakage of direct and indirect composite resin restorations; methods for testing the biocompatibility of composite resins – cell cultures and laboratory animals experiments; factors, influencing the adhesion of new adhesive systems – shear bond strength testing and SEM observation. Managing exposed dentin and pulp – animal tests and clinical trial.

Active member of: Bulgarian Dental Association, IADR, BaSS, ADEE, Bulgarian Dental Scientific SocietyParticipation in teams researching new adhesive systems of ESPE, Dentsply, Vivadent and Voco companies – German workgroup to ISO-Normcomission. This research resulted in new products on the dental market – Prompt®L-Pop (ESPE).

Projects3 international and 6 national (1 infrastructural)

Lectures and teachingPhantom and clinical exercises with ІІІ-V course students, lecturer in extramural courses for students, demonstrator in the courses for general and profile specialization in dentistry, full time lecturer in the Faculty of Dentistry in Sofia, part time lecturer in the Faculty of Dentistry in



Varna. Lecturer in the continuing education programme of BZS (Bulgarian Dental Association), presentation of new products for the dental community.

Consulting activities:Consulting person of companies and representations about dental product properties – Kulzer company and opinion leader of Kerr company for Bulgaria. Participation in opinion leader meeting in Valencia, Spain in 2007, in Prague 2001 and 2009.

Publications/ Participation in Conferences/ MeetingsMore than 80 publication in bulgarian and inernational journals and presentations in national and international conferences/ meetings/ seminars, board member of national journals.

ABSTRACT:

NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN RESIN COMPOSITE TECHNOLOGY FOR POSTERIOR RESTORATIONS

This lecture is focused on introduction of new techniques for posterior composite resin restoration.

Some aspects are critically presented and discussed – new trends in minimal invasive approach, preventive resin restoration and minimal class II restoration, new diagnostic tools in dentinal caries, restored with posterior composite resin, sonic techniques and activation of composite resin with sonic energy,specially designed composites with broad viscosity spectrum, indirect restorations.

Emphasis is given to the clinical cases. Prioritised task of the lecture is to share knowledge and specified research author’s findings about improvements in formulation, properties optimization and innovative approaches in composite based resin, as well as new techniques for using them.



Cena Dimova(University “Goce Delcev”,Faculty of Medical Science, Studies for

General Stomatology, Stip, FYROM)

CURRICULUM VITAE

Academic qualificationsPhD – 2007University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius”- Skopje, Faculty of Dentistry, Doctorial dissertation: “Clinical preparation and evaluation of local haemostasis effectiveness following oral surgery treatment in thrombotic patients“M.Sc. – 2002University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius”- Skopje, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral surgeryMaster thesis: “Clinical Evaluation of the Blood Fibrinolytic Activity during Oral Surgical Inter-ventions“ Specialization in oral surgery - 1996, University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” - Skopje, Faculty of DentistryB.Sc. – 1986University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” - Skopje, Faculty of DentistryTeachingStomatology, preclinical and clinical subjects.Research interests: • Dental Materials• Haemostasis in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery• Pre-Prosthetic Surgery• Implant Dentistry• Laser TherapyEmployment and work experience:2010 – Head of Study for General Stomatology “Goce Delcev” University - Stip, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Studies for Stomatology2010 - member of Dean’s Management at the Faculty of Medical Sciences,2009 – Associate professor (Docent) - “Goce Delcev” University - Stip, Faculty of Medical Sci-ences, Studies for General Stomatology1989-2009 – PHO University Dental Clinical Centre “Sveti Pantejlemon“ – Skopje, Clinic for oral surgery:Docent - at the Faculty of Dentistry, University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” Skopje (since 2008)Head of Clinic for Oral Surgery – 2006Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Dentistry, University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius”- Skopje (since 1997)Specialist oral surgeon (since 1996)Clinical DMD (since 1989) Membership of Professional SocietiesMacedonian Association of Oral surgeonsMacedonian Dental Association



Dental Chamber of MacedoniaBalkan Stomatological Society – BaSSEuropean Regional Organization of the Federation denture international (FDI)Romanian Association of maxillofacial and prosthetic specialistJournal Editorial Board member:• The „Medicina Modernă” journal (ISSN 1223-0472) - publication edited by the Romanian College of Physicians - the Bucharest Office.Study visits: • 2003 Wroclaw, Poland, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery,University of Medicine, • 2005 Wroclaw, Poland, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of

Medicine, invited by prof. d-r Jan Wnukiewicz (Individual Mobil Grant - Tempus program - Socrates-Erasmus-Mundus by European Commission for Education and Culture together with European Training Foundation)Scientific and professional publications (more than 100):• Dimova C.”Blood fibrinolytic activity and oral surgery interventions “. Skopje,

Dimova C.; 2007. 117, Monograph• Over a hundred presentations, professional publications and scientific studies published

at the country and abroad.

ABSTRACT:

HEMOSTATIC EFFECT OF TRANEXAMIC ACID SOLUTION USED AS MOUTHWASH

Background: The goal of treatment is to minimize the risk of hemorrhage while continuing to protect the patient against thromboembolism formation. The ordinary treatment includes the interruption of anticoagulant therapy for oral surgery interventions to prevent hemor-rhage. The aim of the study was to evaluate the mouthwash solution (tranexamic acid) as a local haemostatic modality after oral surgery interventions. Methods: To realize the aim 100 individuals who received oral anticoagulants were included. Oral surgery interventions were performed with a reduction in the level of anticoagulant therapy in the first group. Oral surgery interventions were realized in the second group with no change in the level of antico-agulant therapy and with usage the tranexamic acid. After the interventions the surgical field was irrigated with a 5% solution of tranexamic acid in the treatment group whose oral antico-agulants had not been discontinued (second group) and with a placebo solution in the exam-ined for whom the anticoagulant therapy was reduced (first group). Patients were instructed to rinse their mouths with 10 ml of the assigned solution. Results: The analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the two treatment groups in the bleeding inci-dence after oral surgery interventions. Conclusion:Tranexamic acid mouthwash should not be used routinely in primary dental care.Tranexamic acid mouthwash in primary dental practice is expensive, difficult to obtain.When used in combination with local haemostatic measures and suturing, tranexamic acid mouthwash provides little additional reduction in postoperative bleeding.



Vera Radojkova Nikolovska(Faculty of Dentistry, Skopje, FYROM)

CURRICULUM VITAE

Dr. Vera Radojkova Nikolovska has graduated at the Faculty of Dentistry in 1988. Since 1992, is employed at the Clinic for oral pathology and periodontology at the University Dental Clinical Centre - Skopje. Specialist in the field of oral pathology and periodontology. In 2000, is gaining the title of Master of Dental Science in the same area. From 2004-2006 is member of the team of researchers on the project: “Assessment of the condition of oral health and necessary treatment in the population of the Republic of Macedo-nia by applying the basic criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO).” Holds a certificate of calibration and training to collect and display data on the oral health epidemiological and scientific purposes within the territory of the Republic of Macedonia. In 2006 received a Certificate from the Ministry of Health and the Dental Chamber of Mace-donia, becoming an educator in an accredited program to modernize the process of licensing of doctors, dentists and pharmacists in Republic of Macedonia. In 2008 she defended his doctoral thesis entitled “Influence of sex hormones on periodontal tissue involvement”, thus gaining the title doctor of dental science. She has published many papers in national and foreign journals and actively participates in many national and international seminars and congresses in the Republic of Macedonia, as well as abroad.



ABSTRACT:

PERIODONTAL HEALTH AND MENOPAUSE

There are an increasing number of basic and clinical trials of newer date, made on human material, which seeks to fully explain the events associated with the fluctuating levels of sex steroid hormones in different periods of life and its impact on oral and periodontal health. Physiological changes that occur at the end of a woman’s reproductive life, reflect on most organs and systems and have a common basis for the gradual reduction of ovarian reserve, reduced feedback between the ovary and pituitary gland, decreased production of female steroid hormones, etc. This period is especially important, because in the current conditions of life, it is considered that 40% of her life, a woman spends in post menopause. Very important for dentists is recognition and perceiving the effects of hormonal variations on oral cavity as well as systemic and psychological changes. Oral changes during menopause include thinning of the oral mucosa, oral discomfort, burning sensation, xerostomia, altered taste perception, changes in alveolar bone, resorption of the alveolar ridge, recession of the gingiva, etc. Estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal period, despite the generalized bone loss manifested as osteopenia and osteoporosis, inevitably leads to local changes of alveolar bone, as well as greater loss of the rest of the supporting dental tissues - cement and periodontal ligament, unlike the situation with estrogen suficit. The aim of this lecture is presenting the experiences of several authors as well as own results in terms of periodontal health during menopause.

The results that we obtained in our study largely overlap at the findings of the scientific lit-erature, mainly in periodontal parameters, loss of teeth and attachment, and extensive bone destruction.

Key words: periodontal health, sex hormones, menopause.



Ivona Kovačevska(University “Goce Delcev”,Faculty of Medical Science, Studies for

GeneralStomatology, Stip, FYROM)

CURRICULUM VITAE

Assistant Professor Ivona Kovačevska was born in Bitola, where she finished elementary and secondary education. She graduated, MS and PhD on the Faculty of Dentistry, University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” in Skopje. She specialized in Cariology and endodontic since 1995.

She is author and coauthor of 98 papers presented at national and international congresses, symposia and conferences.

Currently she works as an Assistant Professor at the Faculty of medical sci-ence, General Dentistry, on University “ Goce Delcev” - Stip, R. Macedonia. Field of interest is restorative dentistry, endodontic therapy in relation to laser irradiation and veterinary dentistry.

ABSTRACT: PERIAPICAL POST-ENDODONTIC STATUS OF CORONARY OBTURATED TEETH WITH TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT FILLING: IN VIVO EXAMINATION

Introduction: The three-dimensional hermetic root canal obturation that implies sealing of the apical and the coronal part of the tooth, have great importance for successful prognosis for endodontic therapy. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate periapical post-endodontic status of coronary obturated teeth with temporary and permanent filling in in vivo conditions. Study design: The investigation was implemented on experimental animals-dogs. Endodontic therapy treatment was realized on 20 incisors, and the coronal temporal cavities were obtured with Caviton (10 teeth) as well as composite resin (10 teeth). Control roentgengraphical analy-ses were made immediately after the therapy and after 3 and 6 months as well. The area of periapical radiolucence of the teeth was determined using the compjuter program Image Tool 3. Results: Three months after the endodontic therapy, the area of the average periapical le-sions of the teeth that were previously coronal sealed with temporal material as well as with composite resin were statistically significant different.. After a 6 month period, the permanently restored teeth reacted with reduction of the surface of the periapical lesions. Conclusions: After the three-dimensional hermetic root canal obturation permanent coronal restoration follows. The time of application and the success rate of the endodontic act as far as the prognosis, has predominant role on the survival of the tooth in the oral environment.



Stylianos Dalampiras(Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School

– Aristotle University, Thessaloniki-Greece)

ABSTRACT: THE EXPERIENCE FROM THE USE OF SOFTWARE DIAGNOSTIX IN IMPLANT SURGERY

INTRODUCTION Implant placement in the maxilla is often very difficult , due to advanced atrophy of the bone. Thus, flapless surgery or an immediate loading protocol can be performed only in a limited number of patients. Planning in such cases must be prepared, with the optimal information about the availability of bone, which can only be achieved by the latest tools of imagingthe well known cone beam radiography.This three dimensional imaging of the maxilla allows the determination of the best implant position and the best surgical and prosthetic solution for the patient. More than that the use of a computer program, in order to obtain a surgical splint for implant position-ing is proven to be a reliable and safe procedure.

MATERIALS AND METHODS A female patient, 55 years old, with a severe perioprosthetic problem in the maxilla was presented in a private practice consultation. The cause was an obvious chronic trauma from an old metalloceramic restoration in the upper arch. The prosthesis was mobile and the case was urgent due to the inability of the patient to perform a normal mastication and feeding.A decision was made to remove all the upper teeth in order to perform a plan for a total restoration using dental titanium implants.Given to the fact that this case was considered to be of a high risk, due to the se-vere loss of alveolar bone, the planning was based in the use of a new computer program named DIAGNOSTIX, in order to have an assistance in the determination of implant positioning and of course to benefit the prosthetic outcome. A surgical splint was fabricated according to the data collected from the cone beam radiographic imag-ing. The placement of eight implants in the maxilla was successful and after four months of osseointegration a full-mouth metalloceramic restoration was fabricated.

RESULTSThe use of the software DIAGNOSTIX was a very useful tool for the planning and for the surgery. A very important point is that the control postoperative imaging revealed an image identical to the initial planning.The patient is now in a follow-up and after two years of use the restoration is in op-timal condition.



Ana Sotirovska Ivkovska(Faculty of Dentistry, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius,Skopje)

CURRICULUM VITAE

Ana Sotirovska-Ivkovska, PhD, is employed as Associate Professor at the Pedodontic De-partment, School of Dentistry, Skopje. She has graduated at School of Dentistry in 1987 and passed Final Examination in specialization in Pedodontic dentistry in 1995.In1994 she became Master in Dental sciences and Ph.D. degree she acquired in 2002 at the School of Dentistry in Skopje.She is member of ORCA, IADR (European Organization for Caries and Dental Research), Macedonian Association of Pediatric Dentistry and IAPD (International Association of Paediat-ric Dentistry). In 1996 she acquired research experience at the Department of Dental material science, School of Dentistry in Amsterdam (ACTA). From 1999 till 2002 she participated in the scientific research project “Immunohistochemical study on the immunocompetent cells in the dental pulp” financed by the Ministry of Science of Macedonia. She has published more than 90 articles in national and international publications and presented numerous papers at na-tional and international meetings.

ABSTRACT:

EGENERATIVE POTENTIAL OF DENTAL PULP

The regenerative potential of dental pulp, particularly in mature teeth, has been considered extremely limited. Dental pulp therapy of teeth degraded by caries, dental wear lesions (abra-sion, attrition, erosion) or trauma is currently limited to conventional restorations such as pulp capping or root canal therapy. Therefore, dental research focusing on strategies for vital pulp therapy might open a promising alternative to the removal of the whole pulp by maintaining the function of the tooth. The implementation of a medical device in dental and oral tissue engineering is based on potential cell sources and biocompatible materials applied as direct pulp capping agents, which can also serve as a carrier of signaling molecules. In addition to nerves and blood vessels, the pulp contains highly proliferative stem/progenitor cells pos-sessing a self-renewal and differentiation capability. They have the ability to regenerate dentin when compromised dentin is located close to the pulp. The design of a suitable biomaterial is focused on both healing potential through stimulating regeneration of the pulp tissue, and enhancing tissue formation by released biomaterials. Studies in dental research aim at the development of suitable biomimetic and degradable biomaterials. Because human dental pulp stem/progenitor cells have shown the capacity to differentiate into odontoblasts, this in vitro system can be used to characterize, optimize and evaluate newly developed bioactive materi-als. Based on current knowledge, expectations with respect to regeneration of dental pulps are difficult to predict; more information are needed before procedures for pulpal regeneration can be routinely recommended with a predictable long-term prognosis.



Olivera Sarakinova (Faculty of Dentistry, European University Skopje)

CURRICULUM VITAE

Assist. Professor PhD. Oivera Sarakinova graduated at Faculty of dentistry in Skopje 1985, and get PhD in 2003.

Prevention of dental caries is her life challenge. She is author and coauthor of many publica-tions of prevention of dental caries, and in this moment she is professor at department of pe-diatric dentistry at European University in Skopje. Also she is active member of coordinative body for preparing and implementation of the National Strategy for prevention of oral health in children from 0- 14 ages in Republic of Macedonia.

ABSTRACT:

EVALUATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF XYLITOL ON THE PROCESS OF NATURAL REM-INERALIZATION

BACKGROUND Oral cavity homeostasis exists when the processes of demineralization and remineralization are in equilibrium. These processes are in fact always present in the oral cavity and are constantly competing for supremacy. Inadequate oral hygiene and di-etary habits, which have become a part of everyday contemporary living, can often lead to increased demineralization prevailing over remineralization. This imbalance paves the way for initiation and progression of dental caries. Thus, it is of no surprise that the DMFT index among 12-year-old children in Macedonia has reached a value of 6.88. In order to reduce the consumption of carbohydrates, sugars are nowadays widely replaced by substitutes such as xylitol. METHODS AND MATERIALS The goal of this paper is to determine the possible influ-ence of xylitol, a substitute for saccharose (sucrose), on the process of natural remineraliza-tion. For this purpose, an in-vitro study was carried out on healthy teeth in artificial conditions. Once a day, for a period of two weeks, the teeth were immersed in fresh saliva enriched with a 10% xylitol solution. Afterwards, the enamel was ground to a fine powder on which FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) was performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The analysis of the FTIR spectra showed no significant difference in the molecular structure of the crystal lattice of the dental enamel treated with xylitol. Xylitol has an indirect positive influence on the process of natural remineralization. By drastically lowering the colonization of cariogenic Streptococcus mutans, while increasing the flow of saliva and the plaque pH, it performs proper “conditioning” of the oral medium and lays a foundation for quality and ben-eficial natural remineralization, which decreases the risk of dental caries.


COMUNITY DENTISTRY

227MAJA LALIC

PANCEVO-Serbia

Institute: FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY PANCEVO, UNIVERSITY BUSINESS ACADEMY NOVI SAD

Author: LALIC MAJA-DEPARTMENT OF PREVENTIVE AND PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY PANCEVO;GAJIC MIHAJLO-DEPARTMENT OF PREVENTIVE AND PE-DIATRIC DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY PANCEVO;ALEKSIC EMA-DEPART-MENT OF ORTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY PANCEVO;GAJIC MILICA-DE-PARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY PANCEVO

Title: ORAL HEALTH IMPACT PROFILE IN A GROUP OF ADULT SERBIAN PATIENTS

Preferable Presentation type: Oral Presentation

Area of view: Community Dentistry Background: Oral disease affects people’s everyday lives, influencing eating, sleep, work and social roles.The aim of present study was to assess the oral health related quality of life in adult patients who visited The Dental clinic of Faculty of Stomatology Pancevo, using a Serbian ver-sion of OHIP14 Questionnaire. Methods and matherials: A total of 89 respondents (42 women and 47 men) filled-in a questionnaire themselves. Three dentist recorded the oral health status of respondents (DMFT), the type of prosthodontic replacements, if existed, and assessed the need for prosthodontic treatment. A total OHIP-14 score was calculated by summing responses over all 14 items; OHIP-14 subscale scores were calculated by summing the ordinal response scores for the two items comprising each of the seven subscales. Results: Mean total OHIP sore was 10.25± 8.89. Patients with less than 8 extracted teeth, wearers of fixed prosthodontic appliances and patients without replacements who did not need prosthodontic treatment re-ported better oral health related quality of life. The most severe oral impacts assessed by the subscale OHIP14 scores were recorded in psychological discomfort (2.44±2.18), physical pain (1.87±1.73) and psychological disability subscale (1.83±1.88). Conclusions:Further studies are needed to assess causal determinants of poor oral health and planning of treatment protocols and preventive programs for adult population in Serbia. Key words: Oral Health Related Quality of Life, OHIP14, oral health, missing teeth, prosthodontics


DENTAL BIOMATERIALS AND DEVICES

20ATAY ARZU

ISTANBUL-Turkey

Institute: GULHANE MILITARY MEDICALACADEMY DENTAL SERVİCE DEPARTMENT OF PROSTH-ODONTICS

Specialty: PROSTHRODONTİCS Author: ARZU ATAY-GULHANE MILITARY MEDICAL ACADEMY DENTAL SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;EMRE OZKIR-AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERCITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: A GROUP OF MAXILLOFACIAL SILICONES’ WETTABILITY


Area of view: Dental Biomaterials and Devices A group of maxillofacial silicones’ wettability Arzu ATAY1; Emre OZKIR2 1GMMA Haydarpasa Training Hospital Dental Service, Department of Prosthodontics. 2 Afyon Kocatepe Univer-city Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics. Backround: Maxillofacial silicone is an important material in maxillofacial prostheses clinics. However there is probability of yeast colonization on maxillofacial silicones. This situation increases the risk of a second infection of patients whose general health status is usually poor. Method and materials: This study was to measurement of surface contact-angle thus wettability and adhesion of microorganisms of three different maxillofacial silicone materials (VST-50F, A-2006, A-2186) Three different instance of silicone material were measured by the droplet method and surface contact-angle measuring device. Results: The results obtained were analyzed statistically by Kruskal Wal-lis and the Mann-Whitney U test. It was determined that there were statistically differences between the groups (p=0.00010). In conclusion: The wettability of silicone samples was deter-mined descending in VST-50F, A-2006 and A-2186.



236SVETLIN ALEXANDROV

PLOVDIV-Bulgaria

Institute: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY - PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Author: SVETLIN ALEXANDROV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY - PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MED-ICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS, PHD STUDENT;GEORGI TODOROV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY - PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR;MARIA STOIKOVA-MEDICAL UNIVER-SITY - PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF SOCIAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR;VALERIA ALEXANDROVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY - PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY AND END-ODONTICS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR;ANGELINA VLAHOVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY - PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS, AS-SISTANT PROFESSOR

Title: CONNECTION STRENGTH OF LABORATORY COMPOSITES TO BASE ALLOYS. SHEAR STRENGTH ANALYSIS


Area of view: Dental Biomaterials and Devices

Background. The present study aims to distinguish the of the connection strength of laboratory composites to cobalt-chromium base alloy with different retention methods by means of shear strength analysis. Materials and methods. Experimental bodies with standardized shape were made. They were divided into 3 groups. In the first group are the specimens with mechanical pearl-shaped retention; in the second - with surfaces conditioned with metal primer, and in the third one – a combination of the two. Another group, which served as a control, was made with equal number of specimens without retention. All the materials, used in the study, are chosen based on a survey about some of the most frequently used materials in dental laboratories. The shear strength analysis was conducted on a LMT 100 testing machine. In order to conduct the research, custom sample holders, specimens and a loading element were designed. To produce results, close to the in vivo conditions, thermo cycling was carried out. Results. The control group showed the lowest connection shear strength before fracture of the specimens. Statistically significant difference in the connection strength was found amongst the other three groups. The specimens treated with metal primer had clinically acceptable results. Conclusion.Within the limitations of this study it was concluded that the use of metal primers is clinically acceptable for laboratory composite retention on base metal. Consequently it can be used in clinical situations without any accessory retention or when mechanical retention is impossible



to achieve. Key words. Laboratory composite, shear strength A group of maxillofacial silicones’ wettability Arzu ATAY1; Emre OZKIR2 1GMMA Haydarpasa Training Hospital Dental Service, Department of Prosthodontics. 2 Afyon Kocatepe Univer-city Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics. Backround: Maxillofacial silicone is an important material in maxillofacial prostheses clinics. However there is probability of yeast colonization on maxillofacial silicones. This situation increases the risk of a second infection of patients whose general health status is usually poor. Method and materials: This study was to measurement of surface contact-angle thus wettability and adhesion of microorganisms of three different maxillofacial silicone materials (VST-50F, A-2006, A-2186) Three different instance of silicone material were measured by the droplet method and surface contact-angle measuring device. Results: The results obtained were analyzed statistically by Kruskal Wal-lis and the Mann-Whitney U test. It was determined that there were statistically differences between the groups (p=0.00010). In conclusion: The wettability of silicone samples was deter-mined descending in VST-50F, A-2006 and A-2186.



355ALEKSANDAR DIMKOV

SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY SS CIRIL AND METHODIUS, SKOPJE

Specialty: PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

Author: ALEKSANDAR DIMKOV-DEPARTMENT OF PAEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS”, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA;JOHN W. NICHOLSON-ST MARY’S UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, TWICKENHAM, LONDON, UK;ELIZABETA GJORGIEVSKA-DEPARTMENT OF PAEDIATRIC AND PREVEN-TIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY “SS CYRIL AND METH-ODIUS”, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA

Title: DETERMINATION THE LEVEL OF RELEASED CHLORIDE IONS FROM CONVENTIONAL GLASS-IONOMER CEMENTS


Area of view: Dental Biomaterials and Devices

Determination the level of released chloride ions from conventional glass-ionomer cements Background: The aim of this study was to determine the level of released chloride ions from two conventional glass-ionomer cements incorporated with different percentages of antimicro-bial agents. Methods: The amounts of released Cl- ions were determined with the use of ion-selective electrode specified for chloride ions detection during 14 time periods encompassing a week. A total of 72 samples were prepared - 36 samples of the conventional GIC Fuji IX and 36 samples of GIC ChemFlex, with 1%, 2% and 3% of antimicrobial agents (Cetylpyridinium Chloride and Benzalkonium Chloride), and 12 samples of the same cements without any an-timicrobial agents, to be used as a control group. The specimens were prepared according to the British Standards Institution Specifications for Dental Glass Ionomer Cements 1989. Re-sults: The statistical analysis of the results were performed using the one-way ANOVA, and the Post-hoc-Tukey test. According to the ANOVA test, the differences in the average values in the release of chloride ions from the both GIC-s and for both antimicrobial agents, are statistically significant in all time periods (p<0.05), except for the sixth day in the combination ChemFlex + Benzalkonium Chloride and for the 15th minute in the combination Fuji IX + Cetylpyridinium Chloride. Conclusion: More chloride ions are released from the Fuji IX than from the ChemFlex cement. Without any incorporated antimicrobial compounds, the both GIC-s releases certain amount of chloride ions. Key words: Glass-ionomer cements, antimicrobial agents, chloride ions, ion-selective electrode



368ULKEM CURAL

ISTANBUL-Turkey

Institute: ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF HEALTH SCIENCES

Specialty: ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

Author: BELIR ATALAY -ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY ,DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY ;ULKEM CURAL -ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY ,DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAX-ILLOFACIAL SURGERY ;OZGE CETIN -ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY ,DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY ;AYSEGUL ERTEN -ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY ,DEPART-MENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY ;CAN TUSKAN -ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY ,DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

Title: POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (PEG) HYDROGEL APPLICATIONS IN ORAL SURGERY


Area of view: Dental Biomaterials and Devices According to the latest literature there is still no annotated definition of the term hydrogel. Sim-ply a hydrogel is a water-swollen polymer network. The first hydrogel with potential biomedical uses was synthesized in 1955 by Professors Lim and Wichterle of Prague, Czech Republic. The produced material was poly-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and soon after its discovery it has been used in contact lens production. PEG Hydrogels are a group of the synthetic tissue adhesives which can transform from a liquid gel state to a solid form at the application site. Hy-drogels are popular biomaterials due to their hydrophillicity, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and biodegradability. These hydrogels have been advised for number of different application such as; scaffold for tissue engineeriing , degradable sutures, wound dressing, hemostatic agents, drug delivery biodegradable membranes and fillings. Because hydrogels could provide many remarkable advantages such as immediate pain control effect, easy replacement, transparen-cy, barrier against bacteria, good adhesion, easy handling, oxygen permeability, control of drug dosage, absorption, and prevention of loss of body fluids these products have been preferred at clinical use. In this presentation we will discuss the clinical applications of PEG hydrogels in oral and maxillofacial surgery .


ENDODONTOLOGY

392CHARIS BELTES

THESSALONIKI-Greece

Institute: ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI

Specialty: MSC. (ENDODONTICS), MCLINDENT. (ORAL SURGERY), PHD. CANDIDATE

Author: CHARIS BELTES -ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALINIKI, DENTAL SCHOOL, DEPT. OF ENDODONTOLOGY

Title: SURGICAL ENDODONTICS. CURRENT AND FUTURE TRENDS

Preferable Presentation type: Lecture

Area of view: Endodontology The scope of surgical Endodontics is to achieve the three dimensional cleaning, shaping and obturation of the apical portion of the root canal system which is not treatable via an access cavity, but only accessible via a surgical flap. In those cases, which have the indication for sur-gery, it is currently possible to have a notably increased percentage of success with the treat-ment of surgical cases, compared with what could be attained up untill a few years ago, and this is thanks to technological progress, that has happened in the field of Surgical Endodontics. Clinicians are advised to utilize loupes or surgical microscope to perform periapical surgery in order to benefit from magnification and illumination. In addition, the application of microsurgical techniques, i.e. gentle incision and flap elevation, production of a small osteotomy and the use of ultrasonic retro-tips, will result in less trauma to the patient and faster postsurgical healing. The use of MTA as root-end filling material is well established, providing overall advantages. Endodontic surgery can today be performed with an accuracy and predictability of results that were not possible to reach 10 - 15 years ago. With the use of state-of-the-art instruments, new and improved materials and a surgical operating microscope, the gap has narrowed between biological concepts and the ability to achieve consistently successful clinical results. The pres-ent lecture describes these current indications, techniques and outcome in the field of Surgical Endodontics.


ENDODONTOLOGY

29JALE TANALP

ISTANBUL-Turkey

Institute: YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY

Specialty: ENDODONTICS

Author: JALE TANALP-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF ENDODONTICS;IDIL DIKBAS-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DE-PARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;ESRA PAMUKCU GUVEN-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF ENDODONTICS;ZEYNEP OZKURT KAYAH-AN-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODON-TICS

Title: AN ANALYSIS OF THE DISTRIBUTION AND RESTORATION TYPES OF TEETH REFERRED FOR ENDODONTIC TREATMENT


Area of view: Endodontology Background: The purpose of this study was to analyse the distribution of teeth referred for endodontic treatment and determine the types of final restorations. Methods and Materials: An analysis was made by evaluating data obtained from teeth referred for endodontic treat-ment at a university clinic. Information about patients as well as teeth to be treated and final restorations were recorded. Results: Three-hundred and eighty teeth were evaluated. 66% of the teeth belonged to the maxilla whereas 34% to the mandible. Maxillary molars, maxillary anterior teeth and mandibular molars were the 3 types of teeth mostly referred for endodontic treatment (24.6,24, 18.2% respectively). 16.1% of the teeth with endodontic treatment indica-tion were associated with pain whereas the remaining teeth had no symptoms. Deep carious lesions (29%) were the most common indication for endodontics followed by chronic apical periodontitis (23.5%) and retreatment (21.1%). Deep carious lesions and apical periodontitis were more frequently observed as an indication in the mandible significantly higher than the maxilla (p<0.01). 39.6% of the teeth were without restorations. This was followed by 33.7% with crowns and 19.9% with composites. After endodontic treatments , the majority teeth (54.8%) were referred to the prosthodontics department. Teeth with deep carious lesions were referred for a filling as a final restoration more frequently (p<0.05). Conclusion: Since epidemiological studies are helpful means to determine the general health requirements of a population, further supportive epidemiological studies may be helpful to draw a clearer picture regarding teeth requiring endodontic treatment.


ENDODONTOLOGY

215DRAGAN ILIC

BELGRADE-Serbia

Institute: FACULTY OF DENTISTRY

Specialty: ENDODONTICS Author: ILIC DRAGAN-FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY, BELGRADE, SERBIA ;ANTONIJEVIC DJORD-JE-FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, KRAGUJEVAC, SERBIA;OBRADOVIC-DJURICIC KOSOVKA-FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY, BELGRADE, SERBIA

Title: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FIVE COMMON USED ENDODONTIC SEALERS


Area of view: Endodontology Physical Properties of Five Common Used Endodontic Sealers Background. Physical features of material for root canal obturation are essential for good penetration into the labyrinthine space of root canal dentinal tubules, communicant, accessory, pulp-periodontal and apical delta canals. That complex space should be filled by hermetical and homogenous mass always to be checked. Considering the aforementioned, the goal of this report is to present the next physical properties of root canal filling /obturation/ materials: specific gravity (SG), flow (F), radiopac-ity (R). Materials and methods. Two Ca(OH)2 (Sealapex-S, Acroseal-A) and three ZOE root canal filling materials (Endomethasone-E, Roth-R, Tubliseal-T) were analyzed. (SG) values were measured using the proportion of mass weight and its volume (g/cm3), (F) by diameter of spread material loaded by weight of 1 and 2kg, (R) using conventional/digital image correlating the aluminium standard (mm). Results. (SG): R-2,551; A-2,231; S-2,150; E-1,704; T-1,560. (F): A- 44,0/42,7; T-36,6/19,8; S-35,2/32,6; R-32,8/29,6; E-24,1/21,9. (R): R-2,69/4,77; E-2,61/4,93 and A-2,10/3,33. Conclusion. Main significant differences were exposed in: (SG) by R vs. S, E and T; (F) by A vs. T, S, R and E and (R) by R vs. A values.


ENDODONTOLOGY

245BRANKICA DAVIDOVIC

FOCA-Bosnia and Herzegovina

Institute: MEDICAL FACULTY FOCA, BIH

Specialty: SPECIALIST OF RESTAURATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS

Author: BRANKICA DAVIDOVIC-MEDICAL FACULTY FOCA,BIH;IVANA SIMIC-MEDICAL FACULTY FOCA,BIH;NIKOLA STOJANOVIC-MEDICAL FACULTY FOCA,BIH;BOJANA DAVIDOVIC-MEDICAL FACULTY FOCA,BIH;DJORDJE BOZOVIC-MEDICAL FACULTY FOCA,BIH

Title: RELIABILITY OF RADIOGRAPHY AS ADIAGNOSTIC METHOD INDETERMINING IN THE SECOND UPPER PREMOLAR


Area of view: Endodontology Introduction. Dental radiography is used to determinethe number of root canals and teeth. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability of X-ray to determine the number of roots and canals of the second upper premolar. Methods and materials. At 150 extracted human second maxillary premolars was used radiography in two projections: clinical andproximal. The same teeth were decalcified by immersion in 5% nitric acid for 72 hours. Decalcified teeth were also observed in two projections (clinicaland proximal). Results. From the clinical projections for both groups was found a root while the proximal aspect of both groups found that 94.0% had one root and 6.0% had two roots. Therefore, statistically significant differences were found in the number of roots between clinical and proximal projections. Whenit comes tothe number ofcanals, the clinical projections in both groups found that94.7% had one canal and 5.3% had two canals, while the proximal projections found that70.7% had one canal, and 29.3% had two canals.And here is also obtained significant difference between the two projections. Conclu-sion.Disadvantages of dental radiography is reflected in the two-dimensional representation of three-dimensional structures. KEYWORDS: Upper second premolar; dental radiography; decalcification, roots, canals


ENDODONTOLOGY

256ILIJANA MURATOVSKA




Author: MURATOVSKA ILIJANA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, SKOPJE;ATANASOVSKA-STO-JANOVSKA ANETA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,SKOPJE;POPOVSKA LIDIJA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,SKOPJE;MINOVSKA ANA ETERNA DENT-SKOPJE

Title: THE ROLE OF HOMEOPATHIC DRUGS IN DENTISTRY: CAN WE COUNT ON EX-TRA HELP?


Area of view: Endodontology Homeopathy has a tendency to increased use of the enormous number diagnosis and it is accepted by a lot of people of today. The aim of our effort pertains to the possibility of the “ARTHROKEHLAN A” solution which fall under the group of homeopathic medicines to be an additional therapy in the course of periodontal-endodontic infections. The purpose of apply-ing “ARTHROKEHLAN A” suspensions consists in the generation of an active immunity in the living organism by artificial means which contain biological substances. Disregarded for the treatment of inadequately treated endodontically teeth which sank radiographic changes and inflammation, periodontal pockets and percutaneous sensitivity. It will be shown several radio-logical cases where the “ARTHROKEHLAN A” drug was used simultaneously in endodontic tretment and in periodontal pockets, and final situation of the treated tooth. In the first week it was detected significant progress in terms of reducing inflammation and periodontal regen-eration beginning, until after a month can be detected completely physiological healing. Dis-cussion relating homeopathic drug achievement and differentiation whether the improvement effects are consequences of homeopathic medicine or elimination of noxi and the condition of the host helps healing endodontic-periodontal complications.


FIXED PROSTHODONTICS

260UMUT CAKAN

ISTANBUL-Turkey

Institute: ISTANBUL MEDIPOL UNIVERSITY. FAC. OF DENTISTRY, DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTICS

Specialty: PROSTHODONTICS

Author: UMUT CAKAN*-ISTANBUL MEDIPOL UNIVERSITY. FAC. OF DENTISTRY, DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTICS;PINAR GULTEKIN-ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY. FAC. OF DENTISTRY, DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTICS;M. BARIS GUNCU-PRIVATE PRACTICE;SENAY CANAY-HACETTEPE UNIVERSITY. FAC. OF DENTISTRY, DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: EFFECT OF SCREW ACCESS CHANNEL FILLING MATERIALS ON UNIAXIAL RETENTIVE FORCE OF IMPLANT SUPPORTED RESTORATIONS


Area of view: Fixed Prosthodontics

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of varying abutment screw access channel filling materials on the uniaxial retention of castings cemented using temporary cement. Methods and Materials: Ten straight, regular platform Esthetic Abutments (Brånemark System®, Nobel Biocare) were used. Fifty castings were divided into 5 groups where the abutment screw access channels were filled with composite resin (Filtek Z 250), light curing temporary filling (Clip), temporary filling (Coltosol), polyvinyl siloxane impression material (Elite H-D) and Polytetrafluoroethylene tape (PTFE tape). Castings with incorpo-rated attachments were fabricated and cemented using non-eugenol temporary cement. After thermal cycling (5000 cycles at 5–55°C with a 30-s dwell time), a uniaxial tensile force with a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min, was applied to the castings until cement failure occurred. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used for the intergroup comparisons of the mean uniaxial retentive force (URF) values and Tukey HDS test was used for the determina-tion of the group causing difference. Significance was evaluated at a level of p<0.05. Results: There were statistically significant differences between the mean URF values of the groups (p<0.01). The mean URF value of Filtek Z 250 group was statistically higher than Clip, Colto-sol, Elite H-D and PTFE tape groups respectively (p<0.05; p<0.01). Conclusion: The retention of castings cemented to straight implant abutments using non-eugenol temporary cement may be influenced by the filling material of the screw access channels.



272AYSEGUL GULERYUZ GURBULAK

KAYSERI-Turkey

Institute: ERCIYES UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Author: ZEKIYE EROGLU-ERCIYES UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS ;AYSEGUL GULERYUZ GURBULAK-ERCIYES UNIVERSITY DEN-TISTRY FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF ZIRCONIA-CERAMIC, GALVANO-CERAMIC AND PORCELAIN FUSED TO METAL FIXED PARTIAL DENTURES



Materials and Methods:Sixty, three-unit zirconia-ceramic, galvano-ceramic and porcelain-fused metal fixed partial dentures (N=20) were fabricated. Ten specimens from each group were exposed to fatigue testing by being thermocycled (5–55°C, 10,000 cycles) and loaded (100,000 cycles, 50 N, 0.5 Hz). All specimens were then subjected to occlusal loading in a universal testing machine until fracture occurred. The fractures were characterized by us-ing scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed, using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s significant difference post hoc test and the paired t-test. The chi-squared test was used to evaluate the type of fracture (α = 0.05). Results: The mean fracture loads of non-fatigued and fatigued specimens for zirconia-ceramic were 2434.9 ± 154.3 and 2333.1 ± 183.0 N, for galvano-ceramic were 1678.1 ± 211.6 and 1475.8 ± 227.9 N, for porcelain-fused metal 1878.5 ± 176.5 N and 1687.8 ± 162.2 N . Significant differences were observed between fatigued and non-fatigued specimens of both galvano-ceramic group and porcelain-fused to metal group (P < 0.05), but not between fatigued and non-fatigued zirconia-ceramic specimens (P > 0.05). Differences between porcelain-fused to metal and galvano-ceramic specimens were not statistically significant for neither fatigued nor non-fatigued specimens (P > 0.05). Fracture types did not differ significantly among the groups, either. Conclusion: While zirconia-ceramic specimens were not significantly affected by fatigue, galvano-ceramic and porcelain-fused metal specimens were affected. All tested restorations have exhibed potential to withstand occlusal forces applied in the posterior region. Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of varying abutment screw access channel filling materials on the uniaxial retention of castings cemented using temporary cement. Methods and Materials: Ten straight, regular platform Esthetic Abutments (Brånemark System®, Nobel Biocare) were used. Fifty castings were divided into 5 groups where the abutment screw access channels were filled with composite resin (Filtek Z 250), light curing temporary filling (Clip), temporary filling (Coltosol), polyvinyl siloxane impression



material (Elite H-D) and Polytetrafluoroethylene tape (PTFE tape). Castings with incorpo-rated attachments were fabricated and cemented using non-eugenol temporary cement. After thermal cycling (5000 cycles at 5–55°C with a 30-s dwell time), a uniaxial tensile force with a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min, was applied to the castings until cement failure occurred. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used for the intergroup comparisons of the mean uniaxial retentive force (URF) values and Tukey HDS test was used for the determina-tion of the group causing difference. Significance was evaluated at a level of p<0.05. Results: There were statistically significant differences between the mean URF values of the groups (p<0.01). The mean URF value of Filtek Z 250 group was statistically higher than Clip, Colto-sol, Elite H-D and PTFE tape groups respectively (p<0.05; p<0.01). Conclusion: The retention of castings cemented to straight implant abutments using non-eugenol temporary cement may be influenced by the filling material of the screw access channels.



309GERTA KACANI

TIRANE-Albania

Institute: DENTAL FACULTY TIRANE


Author: GERTA KACANI-DENTAL FACULTY TIRANE

Title: CLINICAL EVALUATION OF PERIODONTAL TISSUE IN RESTORED TEETH


Area of view: Fixed Prosthodontics Marginal restorations are appropriate places for plaque accumulation and bacteria reproduc-tion causing periodontal disease . The present study was conducted to compare the peri-odontal status in patients with correct marginal restorations and their controls. Fifty patients with one or more marginal restorations as well as their controls were studied in a cross-sectional method. Gingival bleeding and plaque indices were evaluated in both groups for the purpose. Periodontal probes were used for measuring plaque, bleeding index and prob-ing depth and gingival index was examined by observation. 50 percent of cases had plaque index of 0 as the rate was 60 percent in control samples. Considering gingival index, the percentage of patients with 0 gingival index was 40 and aproximately 70 in case and control groups respectively. Bleeding index of 0 was reported to be 20 and 76 per cent in case and control groups. Probing depth in case group was more than in the control one. Statistical analysis showed significant difference between the two groups considering four measured indexes (P < 0.05). According to the results of this study, even the correct marginal restora-tion may have effect on periodontal status.



372MIHAEL STANOJEVIC

FOČA-Bosnia and Herzegovina

Institute: MEDICAL FACULTY FOCA


Author: MIHAEL STANOJEVIC-MEDICAL FACULTY FOCA;IRENA MLADENOVIC-MEDICAL FAC-ULTY FOCA

Title: SURFACE OF PREPARED ABUTMENT



INTRODUCTION During teeth preparation for a metalceramic or fullceramic crown it is nesesary to remove a part of tooth structure , mainly enamel and a part of dentin. During and after that preparation the dentin tubules are exposed to influences from the surrounding and they are painful after the end of anesthesia. The aim of this investigation was to measure the surface of the prepared teeth and to calculate number of nerve endings, and to make a comparison to the different parts of the human skin. METHOD AND MATHERIALS In this investigation we have been using ten teeth from mandibula and maxilla, a third molar whit fully preserved and developed crown which we have gained from surgical removal. The teeth have been measured before the preparation using the CAD-CAM scanner from the SIRONA InLab system. The teeth’s have then been prepared on a usual way for metal ceramic crown and the measured again using the same scanner. RESULTS The results shoved a varia-tion depending from the size and the morphology of the teeth used for this investigation. The medium value of the prepared teeth were 208,514 mm² = 2, 09 cm² CONCLUSION If we compare the number of nerve endings in dental tubules per square mm to the number of nerve endings per square centimeters on the human skin we see that the prepared teeth has a huge number of nerve endings and that it is absolutely necessary to make a provisional restoration in order to protect the teeth and the patient from pain.


LASER

135NERMIN DEMİRKOL

GAZİANTEP-Turkey

Author: NERMİN DEMİRKOL-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTIC, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIAN-TEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY;FATİH SARI-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTIC, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY;MEHMET DEMİRKOL-DEPT. OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY

Title: ESTHETIC TREATMENT OF GINGIVAL HYPERPIGMENTATION WITH DIODE LASER: CASE SERIES AND LITERATURE REVIEW


Area of view: Laser

Literature Review Background:Gingival hyperpigmentation is caused by different factors,such as quantity of keratinization and levels of pigments within the tissues (melanin, melanoid,oxyhemoglobin,reduced hemoglobin and carotene).Various depigmentation tech-niques have been employed.Laser depigmentation technique is widely used by clinicans. The aim of this study was to present case series about melanin hyperpigmentation treatment with diode laser and discuss in light of the literature. Material and method:Six male patients with complain of gingival melanin hyperpigmentation reffered to Prosthodontic Department of Ga-ziantep University.On examination deeply pigmented gingivas were observed and laser de-pigmentation procedure were planned.The procedure were explained to the patients clearly and constents were obtained.Patient and operating staff wored special diode laser protective eye glasses. The diode laser (810 nm) was used to eliminate the pigmented areas under the local anaesthesia.This laser beam was set at 2.50 W continous mode with 300 mm diameter fiber-optic filament. Fiber-optic filament applied all pigmented areas at an angle.Finally gin-giva cleaned with saline and gauze pack.Immediately after the treatment phtograph were reg-istered.The patients were called back 1,2,3,4 weeks after the treatment. Results:A complete depigmentation was achieved in all patients by this kind of diode laser. Conclusion:Melanin hyperpigmented gingiva is an esthetic problem and may be removed or reduced by using different therapeutic approaches. To resolve this condition, the use of an 810 nm Diode laser has been suggested as an alternative to conventional procedures because of providing sterile conditions, less operating time,fast healing proces.


LASER

254TEVFIK YAVUZ

KONYA-Turkey

Institute: SELCUK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY

Specialty: DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTIC

Author: TEVFIK YAVUZ-SELCUK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTIC ;MEHMET AKIN-SELCUK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DE-PARTMENT OF ORTHODONTIC;ÖZGÜN YUSUF ÖZYILMAZ-SELCUK UNIVERSITY FAC-ULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTIC ;ATIYE NILGÜN ÖZTÜRK-SELCUK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTIC

Title: EFFECT OF DIFFERENT BLEACHING PROCEDURES AND ANTIOXIDIZING AGENTS ON THE SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF BRACKETS


Area of view: Laser

Background: The aims of this study were to evaluate the influence of 4 different bleach-ing procedures with 35% hydrogen peroxide and antioxidant treatment on the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets. Methods and Materials: Two hundred-twenty five extracted mandibular incisors were divided into four experimental groups and control group. Group I was the control (no bleached) group, Group II was bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide without photoactivation, Group III was activated with Nd:YAG laser, Group IV was activated with light-emitting diode, Group V was activated with diode laser. Each group was divided into three subgroups: Subgroup a was bonded immediately after bleaching applica-tion, subgroup b was immersed in artificial saliva for three weeks then bonded using the total etch system, while subgroup c was treated with an antioxidant agent (10% sodium ascorbate) and then bonded using the same system. The samples were stored in water for 24 hours at 37°C and thermocycled. The data were analyzed with two-way analyses of variance, Tam-hane’s, and chi-square tests at the α =0.05 level. Results: Bleached with all groups reduced the SBSs values of brackets bonded compared with control group (p<0,05), however, sodium ascorbate treatment significantly restoreded the decreased SBSs of brackets significantly in the bleached groups (p<0,05), but had an insignificant effect on the SBS of the control group (p>0,05). Conclusion: Hydrogen peroxide bleaching agents reduce the SBSs no light and other activation procedure alike; however, treatment of the bleached enamel surface with antioxidazing agents prior to bonding negates the effect.


LASER

261FADİME ZEHRA

DOLGUN-GAZİANTEP

Country: Turkey

Author: NERMİN DEMİRKOL-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTIC, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIAN-TEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY;FATİH SARI-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTIC, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY;ZEHRA DOLGUN-DEPT. OF PROSTH-ODONTIC, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY;MEHMET DEMİRKOL-DEPT. OF MAXİLLOFACİAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIAN-TEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY

Title: REMOVAL OF EPULIS FISSURATUM IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS WITH DIODE LASER: CASE SERIES AND LITERATURE REVIEW


Area of view: Laser

Removal of Epulis Fissuratum In Geriatric Patients With Diode Laser: Case Series and Lit-erature Review Nermin DEMİRKOL,Dept. of Prosthodontic,Faculty of Dentistry,Gaziantep University, Turkey Fatih SARI, Dept. of Prosthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep Univer-sity, Turkey Zehra DOLGUN*, Dept. of Prosthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep Univer-sity, Turkey Mehmet DEMİRKOL,Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep University, Turkey Background: The aim of this study was to present case series of epulis fissuratum treatment with diode laser and discussing supported of the literature. Mate-rial and method: 4 patients (1 male and 3 f male) reffered to prosthodontic department of Ga-ziantep University,faculty of dentistry for a maxillary/mandibulary epulis fissuratum.. Patients were recommended to remove of ill-fitting dentures 1 week before the treatment. After 1 week patients recalled and the procedure were explained to the patients clearly and constents were obtained.Firstly patient and operating staff wored special diode laser protective eye glasses.The diode laser (810 nm) was used to eliminate the lesion under the infiltrated anaesthesia.This laser beam was set at 3.50-4.50 W according to tissue pigmentation,continous mode with 300 mm diameter fiber-optic filament.Prosthetic examination was done after fourteen days. Results: The clinical results of the case series presented are in agreement with other studies utilizing diode laser (810 nm) for soft tissues. Conclusion: The advantages of using a 810nm diode laser, presenting minimal bleeding during the surgery with no need of sutures while also presenting a good healing response, with minimal wound contraction, less inflam-matory reaction, and good reepithelialization with no scar formation.


LASER

263NERMIN DEMİRKOL

GAZİANTEP-Turkey

Author: NERMİN DEMİRKOL-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTIC, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIAN-TEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY;FATİH SARI-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTIC, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY;MEHMET DEMİRKOL-DEPT. OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY;FADİME ZEHRA DOLGUN-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTIC, FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY

Title: THE LABIAL FRENUM REMOVAL USING DIODE LASER:CASE SERIES


Area of view: Laser

The Labial Frenum Removal Using Diode Laser:Case Series Background: The purpose of this study was to present the advantages of the using 810 nm diode laser for the upper labial frenum removal with case series and suppoting this application with the literature. Material and method:4 patients (2 paediatric patients,2 adolescence patients) reffered to of Gaziantep University Faculty of Dentistry for removal of labial frenum. The clinical examination revealed the presence of a high frenum attachment pathologically extending to the inter-incisal region. After the examination the procedure were explained to the patients clearly about complication and risk of surgery and constents were obtained. Oral tissues were treated only 10% lydo-caine spray.The incision was performed with diode laser (810 nm )and frenum mucosa was removed.This laser beam was set at 2-3 W(according to tissue thickness,closeness to al-veolar proces) continous output with 300 mm diameter fiber-optic filament. The design of the frenectomy was rhomboidal and procedure was performed about five minutes.the patients followed up 1 months. Results:810 nm diode laser was applied effectively and safety for removal of frenum.This method was comfortable for the patients. Conclusion:The advantages of using 810 nm diode laser are ;involving no local or topical anesthetic agent and provid-ing non-bleeding conditions during the surgery,being a painless procedure, healing of wound without scar, good clinic course without use of antibiotic and painkiller.


LASER

267BILGE YUKSEL KOROGLU

GAZIANTEP-Turkey



Author: KOROGLU BILGE YUKSEL-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;BUYUKHATIPOGLU KECIK ISIL-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIAN-TEP, TURKEY;SARI FATIH-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;CAKIRBAY MERVE-DEPT. OF PROSTH-ODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZI UNIVERSITY, ANKARA, TURKEY

Title: ER; YAG LASER ASSISTED PREPROSTHETIC SURGERY CASE REPORT SERIES


Area of view: Laser

ER; YAG LASER ASSISTED PREPROSTHETIC SURGERY CASE REPORT SERIES In-troduction: Lasers can be used in dentistry for excision, incision and hemostasis of oral soft tissues. Er;YAG laser is an effective system on soft tissue because Er;YAG laser beams can easily absorbed by water and ablate the tissues that contain water. Er;YAG laser are com-monly used in surgery for excision and incision of both soft and hard tissue, and gives good results. This study evaluates a series of clinical case studies. Aim: The aim of this study was to present different cases of Er;YAG laser assisted preprosthetic surgery and evaluate the results. Methods:Five edentulous patients with a variety of disorders in oral soft tissue that prevent prosthetic treatment were treated by Er;YAG laser. Totally four epulis removal and four frenectomy were treated. 2940 nm Er;YAG laser with non-contact hand piece (R02) in very long pulsed or long pulsed mode (Fidelis plus III; Fotona, Slovenia) were used for exci-sion. All patients were followed postoperatively. Results: Patients were well tolerated laser excision with no intraoperative or postoperative adverse effects. Healing completed within ten days. Postsurgically healing process was succesfull with no loss of function. The patients were satisfied about postsurgically period. Conclusion: Er;YAG lasers can be recommended when performing excision of intraoral soft tissues before prosthetic treatments. Er;YAG laser has a lot of advantages like minimally invasive surgery with minimal postoperative pain, scar-ring and improves healing with no loss of function.


LASER

268BILGE YUKSEL KOROGLU

GAZIANTEP-Turkey



Author: KOROGLU BILGE YUKSEL-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;BUYUKHATIPOGLU KECIK ISIL-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIAN-TEP, TURKEY;SARI FATIH-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY

Title: LABIAL FRENECTOMY WITH ER;YAG LASER A CASE REPORT


Area of view: Laser

LABIAL FRENECTOMY WITH ER;YAG LASER A CASE REPORT Introduction: The upper labial frenum is capable of creating a diastema and limiting lip movement. Frenectomy can be needed under those conditions. Frenectomy can be performed by scalpel or laser. Er;YAG, Er,Cr;YSGG, Nd;YAG, diode lasers and CO2 lasers are suitable devices used for soft tissue management in oral surgery. Use of lasers has advantages like bleeding control, minumum pain during the procedure and fast healing. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of Er; YAG laser irridiation on frenectomy procedure and follow the wound healing postoperatively. Methods: 36-year-old female patient with diastema between maxillary cen-tral incisors caused due to high labial frenum was treated with laser. As the dental history taken from the patient, its reported that diastema gets wider for the last 5 years. The patient had no other health problem. After little infiltration anesthesia with adrenalin (Ultracain DS®), 2940 nm Er;YAG laser with non-contact hand piece was used for frenectomy. Energy was 120-140mj, frequency was 20 hertz in very long pulsed mode. Results: Patient was comfort-able during and post treatment. No sutures were required . The day after the operation clot of fibrin and second intention healing could be observed on the wound site. After ten days healing was completed. Conclusions: Er;YAG laser is very useful and practical device for frenectomy. Healing process is ver fast and comfortable for the patient. This system can be recommended in oral soft tissue surgery.


LASER

302DANIELA CVETANOVSKA STOJCHEVA


Institute: ETERNA DENT

Author: DANIELA CVETANOVSKA STOJCHEVA-ETERNA DENT;ANA MINOVSKA-ETERNA DENT;ANA BUNDALEVSKA ALEKSANDROVSKA-ETERNADENT;PETAR STANKOV-ETERNADENT;VANCHO SPIROV-UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIC ST. PANTELEJMON SKOPJE

Title: ER:YAG LASER - THERAPY OF CHOISE IN COMPLEX DENTAL CASES WITH AD-VANCED CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS


Area of view: Laser

ER:YAG LASER - THERAPY OF CHOISE IN COMPLEX DENTAL CASES WITH AD-VANCED CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS Introduction: Complex dental cases with advanced chronic periodontitis are complicated for solving with stable long-term results. The Er:YAG laser can achieve efficient calculus and necrotic cement removal, excellent soft tissue ab-lation, bactericidal and detoxification effects, less pain, and therefore is very efficient for therapy in patients with advanced chronic periodontitis. Aim: The aim of this presentation is to show the effectiveness and reliability of the Er:YAG laser assisted therapy in patients with advanced chronic periodontitis in order to perform further treatments, such as implants or or-thodontics, and expect long term good results, also after the definitive reconstructive therapy. Material and methods: The Er:YAG laser therapy was applied in 10 complex dental cases with advanced chronic periodontal disease by a specially designed protocol. Clinical data: PI (plaque index), PBI (papilla bleeding index), PPD (periodontal pocket depth) and CAL (clini-cal attachment level) were collected at the baseline and 3 months after treatment. Results: The improvement of CAL after 3 months was 1,91mm (SD ±0,87 mm), where the average reduction of the PPD was 1,47 mm (SD±0,79mm), PBI difference was significantly bet-ter after 3 months: (p=0,0028). The PI after 3 months did not change significantly, but were slightly smaller after 3 months. This results puts the LiteTouch™ Er:YAG laser as an efficient therapeutic tool for therapy of the advanced chronic periodontitis in order to save and load the teeth successfully.


LASER

325ANA ALEKSANDROVSKA (BUNDALEVSKA)


Institute: ETERNADENT


Author: ANA BUNDALEVSKA (ALEKSANDROVSKA)-ETERNADENT, MACEDONIA;ANA MINOVS-KA-ETERNADENT ;DANIELA CVETANOVSKA STOJCHEVA-ETERNADENT;NATALIJA S. ANTOVSKA-ETERNADENT;PETAR STANKOV

Title: ER: YAG APPLICATION AND ITS BENEFITS BEFORE AND DURING PROSTHODONTIC TREATMENT


Area of view: Laser

Background: Prosthodontic cases usually include all concepts of dentistry and integrates ef-fective comprehensive treatment planning. The practice will necessarily include a wide variety of patients seeking a diverse range of care. Lasers have become an integral part of treatment in variety of indications in prosthodontics. Material and method: In this presentation we will present 5 different clinical cases and indications, typically present in every day prosthodon-tic practice. We followed the results and post laser treatment healing of Er: Yag removal of Epulis fissuratum, Er: Yag crown lengthening procedure and gingival re-contouring, Er: Yag gum depigmentation and uncovering submerged implants with Er:Yag. We have applied two different types Erbium lasers and compared the results. Results: During the laser treatment most of the patients didn’t require infiltrative anesthesia, the laser procedure is comfortable and nearly painless. The gingival bleeding is diminished and controlled due to the coagulation effect of the laser and the following prosthodontic treatment was applied much faster. Conclu-sion: There are many clinical, aesthetic and psychological reasons to use lasers in all aspects of dentistry, including the reduction or elimination of anesthetics. The laser is not merely just a ‘‘hightech’’ gadget: it is an extremely useful piece of equipment for the dental practice and gives us series of benefits comparing to the traditional tools and methods.


LASER

338NERMIN DEMİRKOL

GAZİANTEP-Turkey

Author: NERMİN DEMİRKOL-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTIC, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIAN-TEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY;FATİH SARI-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTIC, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY;MEHMET DEMİRKOL-DEPT. OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY;KEMAL KORUCUOĞLU-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTIC, FACULTY OF DENTIST-RY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY

Title: REMOVAL OF EPULIS FISSURATUM IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS WITH DIODE LASER: CASE SERIES


Area of view: Laser

Removal of Epulis Fissuratum In Geriatric Patients With Diode Laser: Case Series Back-ground: The aim of this study was to present case series of epulis fissuratum treatment with diode laser and discussing together the literature. Material and method: 4 patients (1 male and 3 f male) reffered to prosthodontic department of Gaziantep University,faculty of dentistry for a maxillary/mandibulary epulis fissuratum.. Patients were recommended to remove of ill-fitting dentures 1 week before the treatment. After 1 week patients recalled and the procedure were explained to the patients clearly and constents were obtained.Firstly patient and operat-ing staff wored special diode laser protective eye glasses.The diode laser (810 nm) was used to eliminate the lesion under the infiltrated anaesthesia.This laser beam was set at 3.50-4.50 W according to tissue pigmentation,continous mode with 300 mm diameter fiber-optic fila-ment.Prosthetic examination was done after fourteen days. Results: The clinical results of the case series presented are in agreement with other studies utilizing diode laser (810 nm) for soft tissues.The lessions were eliminated with minimal pain and without bleeding. Conclu-sion: The advantages of using a 810nm diode laser, presenting minimal bleeding during the surgery with no need of sutures while also presenting a good healing response, with minimal wound contraction, less inflammatory reaction, and good reepithelialization with no scar for-mation.


LASER

359FATMA TUNÇ

GAZIANTEP-Turkey

Institute: GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY


Author: ASLIHAN ÜŞÜMEZ-DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, BEZMIALEM UNIVERSITY;FATMA TUNÇ-DEPARTMENT OF ENDODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY;CİHAN YILDIRIM-DEPARTMENT OF END-ODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY

Title: MANAGEMENT OF TEETH WITH WIDE OPEN APICES USING LASER: 30 MONTHS FOL-LOW UP A CASE


Area of view: Laser

Management of Teeth With Wide Open Apices Using Laser: 30 Months Follow up a Case ÜŞÜMEZ ASLIHAN, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Univer-sity TUNÇ FATMA*, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep University YILDIRIM CİHAN, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep University Background:In recent years, various laser systems have been introduced into the field of laser-assisted endodontic therapy. Nd:YAG laser has been used successfully in endodontic treatments. Case Summary:This paper report the nonsurgical endodontic treatment using Nd:YAG laser for root canal sterilization of the maxillary central incisors with periapical le-sions of the 14 year old boy. The teeth received bondable polyethylene reinforcement fiber (Ribbond) in the prepared canal spaces and Er:YAG laser was used for gingivectomy. Then the teeth were restored with all ceramic restorations. The patient was regularly recalled dur-ing postoperative period. Results:Clinical examinations of 30 months post-treatment revealed no evidence of disorders associated with the restored teeth or their supporting structures and radiographic examinations showed closing of wide apex. Conclusion: Endodontic therapy can be completed in a few sessions without the need for long term apexification treatment and using of the Nd:YAG laser is beneficial in this respect.


LASER

397LIDIJA POPOVSKA


Institute: FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY


Author: LIDIJA POPOVSKA-FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY, DEPARTMENT FOR CARIOLOGY AND ENDODONTOLOGY;ZAKLINA CEKOVSKA-FACULTY OF MEDICINE, INSTITUTE FOR MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY;VERA STOJANOVSKA -FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY,DEPARTMENT FOR CARIOLOGY AND ENDODONTOLOGY;ILIJANA MURATOVSKA-FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY,DEPARTMENT FOR CARIOLOGY AND ENDODONTOLOGY;MILENA PETROVSKA-FACULTY OF MEDICINE, INSTITUTE FOR MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY

Title: ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF ND:YAG LASER IRRADIATION


Area of view: Laser

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the direct effects of Nd:YAG laser irradi-ation applied perpendicular or parallel on the bacterial sample. Material and methods: For the purpose of this study thirty canals of extracted single-rooted teeth were prepared to a size 50 master apical file, sterilized and inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Bacteroides spp. Teeth were divided into two groups: in the first group, laser application was with circular movements parallel to the dentin root surface, and in the second group, roots were cut longitudinally and laser applied perpendicular to the root surface. Taken material was incubated for 24 hours at Institute for Microbiology and Parasitology in standard condi-tion and the results analyzed. Results: Compared to the other two bacterial strains, Bacteroi-des spp. was the most sensitive to YAG laser irradiation. Laser irradiation has a bactericidal effect to E.faecalis and E. coli but it does not completely sterilize bacterial samples. When the laser beam was parallel to the surface, the effects of the laser energy has slight antibacterial effect, but when the laser beam was perpendicular to the surface significant decline in the number of viable bacterial colonies in vitro was observed. Conclusion: Nd:YAG laser irradia-tion is a supplement to existing protocols for canal disinfection . The angle of the laser beam in relation to the target surface can be a deciding factor of antimicrobial effect induced by the laser Key words: antibacterial effect, Nd:YAG laser, endodontics, bacterial samples


LASER

270ISIL KECIK BUYUKHATIPOGLU

GAZIANTEP-Turkey



Author: KOROGLU BILGE YUKSEL-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;BUYUKHATIPOGLU KECIK ISIL-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIAN-TEP, TURKEY;SARI FATIH-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY

Title: DIODE LASER IN ORAL MUCOSA SURGERY : CASE REPORT SERIES


Area of view: Laser

DIODE LASER IN ORAL MUCOSA SURGERY : CASE REPORT SERIES Introduction: Diode laser beams are highly absorbed by pigmented tissues and it’s a useful instrument for soft tissue surgery in the oral cavity with advantage of hemostasis. Recent reports mentioned that diode lasers improve wound healing. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate a series of clinical cases effected by the diode laser irradiation on the oral soft tissues during oral sur-gery and to demonstrate the wound healing characteristics after laser surgery. Methods: In this study six patients were treated by 810 nm diode laser (Fotona, Slovenia) in contact with 300 μm fiber, in continous wave mode for different soft tissue management. The case report series include one frenectomy before complete denture, one gingivectomy before fixed dental prosthesis, one epulis removal before complete denture, one uncover dental implants case, one fibroma removal on the palatinal area and one gingivectomy before post application. All patients were followed postoperatively. Results: Laser applications were well tolarated by all patients. Postoperative hemostasis was optimum in each case. The day after the applications pseudomembrane was seen on the operation sites. After ten days all wounds were totally healed. Diode lasers has proved effective results and offered several advantages for the patients. Conclusions: Clinical applications of the diode lasers in oral and surgical procedures seems to be beneficial for daily practice with minimal postoperative pain and scarring. More studies need to be performed in order to precisely evaluate the effects of the diode laser.


LASER

357HAYRİYE ESRA ÜLKER

KONYA-Turkey

Institute: UNIVERSITY OF SELCUK

Specialty: DENTISTRY FACULTY

Author: HAYRIYE ESRA ÜLKER-DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, SELCUK UNIVERSITY;MUSTAFA ULKER-DEPARTMENT OF RESTOR-ATIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, SELCUK UNIVERSITY;MURAT SELİM BOTSALI-DEPARTMENT OF PEDODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, SELCUK UNIVERSITY;AYŞE DÜNDAR-DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, IZZET BAYSAL UNIVERSITY

Title: CYTOTOXICITY EVALUATION OF DENTAL MATERIALS WITH DENTIN BARRIER TEST USING ER,CR:YSGG LASER TREATED DENTIN


Area of view: Laser

CYTOTOXICITY EVALUATION OF DENTAL MATERIALS WITH DENTIN BARRIER TEST USING Er,Cr:YSGG LASER TREATED DENTIN Background: The permeability of dentin can be reduced by several laser treatments. We hypothesized that Er,Cr:YSGG laser treat-ment of dentin can decrease the diffusion of toxic substances released from dental materi-als through dentin to the pulp. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of dental materials with dentin barrier test using Er,Cr:YSGG laser treated dentin. Methods and Materials: The cytotoxicity of G bond and Vitrebond was analyzed in a dentin barrier test device using three-dimensional bovine pulp derived cell cultures. Cell cultures were placed in direct contact with the pulpal side of dentin discs. Test materials and negative control mate-rial were introduced into the cavity side of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser treated and untreated dentin discs according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Pulpal part of the perfusion chamber was perfused with cell culture medium (2ml/h). After an exposure period of 24 h, the cell survival was determined by the MTT assay. The mean values of control tissues were set to represent 100% viability. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-test. Results: G bond and Vitrebond was cytotoxic to the pulp derived cells when they are applied either on Er,Cr:YSGG laser treated or untreated dentin (p<.05). Er,Cr:YSGG laser treatment of den-tin cannot protect the pulp cells from toxic substances of tested materials. Conclusion: The Er,Cr:YSGG laser treatment was not successful enough in decreasing the cytotoxic effects of the dental materials.


LASER

369ELIF SÜMEYYE TOBI

KONYA-Turkey

Institute: SELCUK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY

Specialty:

DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTIC

Author: OZGUN YUSUF OZYILMAZ-SELCUK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPART-MENT OF PROSTHODONTIC ;TEVFIK YAVUZ-SELCUK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTIC;ELIF SUMEYYE TOBI-SELCUK UNIVER-SITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTIC

Title: THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SURFACE TREATMENT ON GLASS CERAMICS SURFACE STRUCTURE AND SHEAR BONDING STRENGTH


Area of view: Laser

Background:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments (Hydrofluoric acid, Sandblasting, Er-YAG laser and Nd-YAG laser) on surface structure and shear bond strength of different ceramics. Methods and Materials:112 glass ceramic speci-mens were used totally including 48 specimens for shear bond strength, 8 specimens for AFM and SEM for IPS Empress E.max and Vita Inceram Zirconia. For shear bond strength, ceramic specimens embedded to acrylic resin and were divided into 4 groups according to surface treatments: G1 (Hydrofluoric-acid), G2 (Sandblasting), G3 (Er-YAG laser), G4 (Nd-YAG laser). After the surface treatments, Clearfil Esthetic light cured resin cements was manipulated onto ceramic discs in all groups with compatible mold. After specimens had subjected to thermal cycling, shear bond strength test was applied then fracture types were observed. Specimens’ surface were observed with SEM and AFM. The data were analyzed with 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tamhane tests (α=0.05). Results:Bond strength values of G1 were statistically higher than the other groups in IPS e.max. While there were no significant differences in bond strength between G3 and G4 groups (p>0.05), these groups were statistically lower than G1 and G2 groups for each ceramics (p<0.05). G2 was showed that higher bond strength values than G1, but there was no significant differences as statisti-cally in Vita Inceram group (p>0.05). Conclusion:Hydrofluoric-acid gel was effective mostly on the ceramics having glassy matrix in their structures. Roughening the ceramic surfaces with air particle abrasion provided higher bond strengths for high-alumina ceramics.


LASER

370EMRE KORKUT

KONYA-Turkey

Author: EMRE KORKUT -SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;MUSTAFA ALTUNSOY-SIFA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;MURAT SELIM BOTSALI-SEL-CUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

Title: EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SURFACE TREATMENTS ON SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF RMGIC TO DENTIN


Area of view: Laser

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments on the shear bond strength (SBS) of resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGIC) to den-tin. Materials and Methods: Fourty specimens obtained from extracted human molars were embedded in polyester resin and exposed dentin surfaces ground with silicon carbide pa-pers. The samples were divided into four groups. 1.control group with no surface treatment; 2. Er:YAG laser (QSP mode, 120mJ/10Hz ); 3. Er:YAG laser (MSP mode, 120mJ/10Hz); 4. etch with %37 phosphoric acid. After they were stored in distilled water at 370C for 24 h, the SBS test was performed at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. The fractured specimens were examined under a stereomicroscope to evaluate the fracture pattern.Statistical analyses were performed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests. Results: The dentin surfaces treated with phosphoric acid (group 4) showed a significantly higher bond strength than the other groups (p<0.05). But there was no statistically significant differences between the laser treated groups and the control group (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study shows that acid etch-ing on dentin surface significantly increases the SBS but QSP and MSP modes of Er:YAG laser treatment did not increase the SBS of RMGIC compared to non treated dentin surfaces.


LASER

278FADİME ZEHRA DOLGUN

GAZİANTEP-Turkey

Presenter: FADİME ZEHRA DOLGUN

Author: NERMİN DEMİRKOL-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTIC, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIAN-TEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY;FATİH SARI-DEPT. OF PROSTHODONTIC, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY;ZEHRA DOLGUN-DEPT. OF PROSTH-ODONTIC, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY;MEHMET DEMİRKOL-DEPT. OF MAXİLLOFACİAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIAN-TEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY

Title: REMOVAL OF EPULIS FISSURATUM IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS WITH DIODE LASER: CASE SERIES AND LITERATURE REVIEW


Area of view: Laser

Removal of Epulis Fissuratum In Geriatric Patients With Diode Laser: Case Series and Lit-erature Review Nermin DEMİRKOL,Dept. of Prosthodontic,Faculty of Dentistry,Gaziantep University, Turkey Fatih SARI, Dept. of Prosthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep Univer-sity, Turkey Zehra DOLGUN*, Dept. of Prosthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep Univer-sity, Turkey Mehmet DEMİRKOL,Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep University, Turkey Background: The aim of this study was to present case series of epulis fissuratum treatment with diode laser and discussing supported of the literature. Mate-rial and method: 4 patients (1 male and 3 f male) reffered to prosthodontic department of Ga-ziantep University,faculty of dentistry for a maxillary/mandibulary epulis fissuratum.. Patients were recommended to remove of ill-fitting dentures 1 week before the treatment. After 1 week patients recalled and the procedure were explained to the patients clearly and constents were obtained.Firstly patient and operating staff wored special diode laser protective eye glasses.The diode laser (810 nm) was used to eliminate the lesion under the infiltrated anaesthesia.This laser beam was set at 3.50-4.50 W according to tissue pigmentation,continous mode with 300 mm diameter fiber-optic filament.Prosthetic examination was done after fourteen days. Results: The clinical results of the case series presented are in agreement with other studies utilizing diode laser (810 nm) for soft tissues. Conclusion: The advantages of using a 810nm diode laser, presenting minimal bleeding during the surgery with no need of sutures while also presenting a good healing response, with minimal wound contraction, less inflam-matory reaction, and good reepithelialization with no scar formation.


NEW TECHNOLOGIES

114KALINA STEPHANOVA

SOFIA-Bulgaria

Institute: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-SOFIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE-SOFIA

Specialty: CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY

Author: KALINA PEYCHEVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-SOFIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE-SOFIA, CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY;EKATERINA BOTEVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-SO-FIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE-SOFIA, CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY

Title: A COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT METHODS FOR FISSURE CARIES DETECTION


Area of view: New technologies

Aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of Light-induced fluorescence lamp Soprolife (Acteon, France) and a laser fluorescence device DIAGNOdent Classic (KaVo, Germany), in comparison to the caries detection and assessment system ICDAS II in fissure caries with and without magnification x 5. Materials and methods: 45 permanent ma-tured, molars with sound approximal surfaces were divided in two groups third molars, n=35; first and second molars, n=10. They were examined by 2 examiners with and without magni-fication x5 using ICDAS II, Soprolife daylight and blue light (405nm) - a tool of light induced fluorescence, DIAGNOdent Classic - emitting laser light on 655 nm (laser fluorescence). The results were proved with histological sections bucco-lingual or mesio-distal, through the body of the lesion, with diamond blade, rinsed with water. Photos were taken of all pits and fissures of the teeth before and after the sections. Results: The lowest proportion of differences be-tween histology and the paraclinical methods occurs in examination with SoproLife - 24.4%, followed by ICDAS II-28.8% and DIAGNOdent – 35.5%. The lamp indicates minimal invasive treatment which can be rejected by the histological result. For visual examination over diag-nostics are lower than with DIAGNOdent. DIAGNOdent cannot define Macula alba and fusca from a caries lesion. SoproLife cannot define Macula fusca from a caries lesion. Conclusion: For accurate fissure caries detection SoproLife lamp is more helpful than DIAGNOdent.


NEW TECHNOLOGIES

350JULIJA ZARKOVA

STIP-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: UGD-STIP FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES- PROGRAM STUDY OF GENERAL DEN-TISTRY

Author: JULIJA ZARKOVA-UNIVERSITY OF GOCE DELCEV- SHTIP, FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCI-ENCES, PROGRAM STUDY OF GENERAL DENTISTRY –SHTIP,;CENA DIMOVA -UNI-VERSITY OF GOCE DELCEV- SHTIP, FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, PROGRAM STUDY OF GENERAL DENTISTRY –SHTIP, FYROM;LIDIJA POPOVSKA-UKIM- FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY -SKOPJE;KATERINA ZALTANOVSKA-UNIVERSITY OF GOCE DEL-CEV- SHTIP, FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, PROGRAM STUDY OF GENERAL DEN-TISTRY –SHTIP,;KIRO PAPKOCA-UNIVERSITY OF GOCE DELCEV- SHTIP, FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, PROGRAM STUDY OF GENERAL DENTISTRY –SHTIP

Title: IN VITRO RELIABILITY OF INTRA-ORAL SPECTROPHOTOMETER



Introduction: Performances of digital measuring devices of tooth color still have not been researched enough because they have recently started to be more widely used in dentistry.Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of an intra-oral spectrophotom-eter in vitro. Materials and Methods: We used spectrophotometer SpectroShade Micro MHT and new sample of VITA Classical shade guide. All of the 16 shade tabs were measured by single operator 10 nonconsecutive times with calibration in between. In order to imitate clinical conditions and minimize the influence of the surroundings, the tabs were fixed in the same position on a phantom model on a black background, surrounded by the same shade. The reliability was calculated by two methods: first as a percentage of the repeated measure-ments of perfect shade matches for each tab and then averaged and second, as a mean of all color differences Delta E.Results: The reliability of this spectrophotometer was 97.5 %. The shade tabs C2 and B3 showed smallest percentage of repeated measurement 90% and 70% respectively. The mean of the color difference was 0.9 ±0.28 DELTA E units, with stan-dard error of mean SEM=0,022.Conclusions: The results of high performance of this shade matching device in vitro controlled circumstances indicatespredictable repeated measure-ments with high reliability in clinical condition as well. Users should determine the elements that influence on accuracy of repeated measures and always use the orientation angle bars on the small display of the spectrophotometer to achieve better results.


ORAL DIAGNOSIS _ ORAL RADIOLOGY

144SVETLANA ANTIC

BELGRADE-Serbia

Institute: DEPARTMENT OF RADIOLOGY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE

Author: SVETLANA ANTIC-DEPARTMENT OF RADIOLOGY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, UNI-VERSITY OF BELGRADE;ALEKSA JANOVIC-DEPARTMENT OF RADIOLOGY, FAC-ULTY OF DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE;ALEKSANDRA BARAC-INSTITUTE FOR MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE;ZORAN RAKOCEVIC-DEPARTMENT OF RADIOLOGY, FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY, UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE;VALENTINA ARSIC-INSTITUTE FOR MICROBIOL-OGY AND IMMUNOLOGY, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE

Title: RADIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ALLERGIC FUNGAL SINUSITIS IN PATIENTS WITH CLINICALLY DIAGNOSED CHRONIC RHINOSINUSITIS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS


Area of view: Oral Diagnosis – Oral Radiology

Allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and associated na-sal polyposis frequently remains unrecognized on radiological examination. Computer tomog-raphy findings in patients with AFS had been commonly reported as a nonspecific. Moreover, there are still no defined criteria for the radiological diagnosis of AFS. The aim of this study was to establish criteria for an accurate radiological diagnosis of AFS in patients with CRS. We present preliminary results of the prospective study, which was carried out from Septem-ber 2012 to February 2013. Patients with clinically diagnosed CRS, in whom noncontrast CT examination of the paranasal sinuses was indicated, were included in the study. The following data were recorded on CT scans of each patient: thickness and density of the sinus walls, homogeneity and density of the sinus content, and presence of the sinus wall discontinuity. Based on the laboratory findings, patients were divided into two groups with or without con-firmed diagnosis of AFS. Obtained CT data were compared between groups. Liquid and agar plate cultures of fungal species that frequently cause AFS were also scanned under the same conditions (the same slice thicknesses) in order to define its densities and to compare it with the measured densities of the sinus content. According to the preliminary results, heterog-enous opacification of more than one sinus with characteristic hyperattenuated areas, thinner walls of the affected sinus suggest an accurate diagnosis of AFS. Positive correlation was seen between the densities of the fungal cultures and the sinus content.



244SEBNEM KURSUN

ANKARA-Turkey

Author: SEBNEM KURSUN-ANKARA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, THE DEPART-MENT DENTOMAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY, ANKARA, TÜRKIYE;NIHAT AKBULUT-GAZIOSMANPAŞA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, THE DEPARTMENT OF DENTOMAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, TOKAT, TÜRKIYE;DERYA ÖZTAŞ-ANKARA UNIVER-SITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY , THE DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS, ANKARA, TÜRKIYE

Title: THE COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF DENTAL BONE GRAFT MATERIALS’ RADIOPAC-ITY



Background: A wide variety of dental bone graft materials are currently available in the field of dentistry. Bone grafting is the process of surgically placing new bone into spaces around a broken bone or bone defects. Enough radiopacity in order to be distinguished from the sur-rounding tissues is a desirable property for dental graft materials. Inadequate opacity makes diagnosis more challenging and confusing. Commercially available totally 15 bone graft ma-terials’ (BGM) opacity was analyzed in this invitro study. Materials and Methods: Fifteen bone graft materials were prepared according to the manufacturer’s instruction in an order. They were placed in the simulated implant cavity (5x10 mm) in cadaver’s mandible respectively. Cavity was exposed by using periapical film on which has stepwedge and a dental x-ray machine at 70 kVp and 8 mA. Automatic processor was used for film processing. The optical density of the radiographic images was measured with a transmission densitometer. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted for statistical analysis. Results: Among the materials tested the most radiolucent bone grafts were Grafton (Osteotech) and Alloge-nix (Biomet) with a statistical significance p ≥0.05. The mean optical density was detected 0.71 for the both materials. 4Bone (Mıs) and Bego oss (aap biomaterials) exhibited the least radiopacity with a statistical significance p ≥0.05. The mean optical density was detected 0.52 and 0.51, respectively. Conclusion: Inadequate radiopacity of the dental graft materials may lead confusion among clinicians in the radiographical follow-up. Some of the graft materials tested in the present study exhibited inadequate radiopacity.


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

1MURAT OZTURK

İSTANBUL-Turkey

Institute: ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY

Specialty: ORAL SURGERY

Author: EZGI GULUM-ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY ORAL SURGERY;NEVIN BUYUKAKYUZ-ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY ORAL SURGERY;MURAT OZTURK *-ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY ORAL SURGERY;HAKAN OZYUVACI-ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY ORAL SURGERY

Title: FRACTURE OF IMPLANT BODY: A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW


Area of view: Oral Implantology

Background:Despite its high success rate, therapy with osseointegrated dental implants is not free of complications. Implant body fracture is a rare implant complication but it has severe clinical complications. Thus, it is important to know the factors related to the biological pro-cesses involved in maintenance of osseointegration and biomechanics applied to dental im-plants to prevent implant body fracture. Methods and Materials: In this case report we aimed to present an implant body fracture case with review of literatures. A 42 year old patient was referred to our clinic for the treatment of edentulous area of posterior mandible. Two Camlog implants were implanted in left posterior mandible (34,36) and following the osseointegra-tion a three unit porcelain-fused-to-metal bridge was cemented without any complication. 4 years later the patient applied to our clinic with the complaint of decementation. Following the intraoral and radiographic examination, body fracture of anterior implant and severe peri-im-plantitis of posterior implant was diagnosed. It was revealed that inadequate abutment length of posterior implant had caused that mechanical complication. The broken part of anterior implant was removed with an additional surgical operation and the peri-implantitis of posterior implant was treated with Er,Cr:YSGG Laser therapy. Results and Conclusion: It is concluded that good treatment planning, appropriate case selection and proper mechanical circum-stances may prevent the complication of implant fracture.


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

36IRINA TRAJKOVSKA-ZARESKA


Institute: PRIVATE DENTAL OFFICE DENTIZAR

Specialty: PROSTHETICS

Author: IRINA TRAJKOVSKA- ZARESKA-DENTIZAR;ALEKSANDAR KOVACHEVSKI-IMPAKTA DENTAL;MARIJA IVANOVSKA-DENTIZAR

Title: THE OSTELL MENTOR IN EVERYDAY PRACTICE



The success of implant stability depends on the combination of two major factors, namely the mechanical and the biological stability. The purpose of this study is to use the Ostell Mentor apparatus and its implant stability quotidian (ISQ) units, as a diagnostic tool to optimize the protocol and prosthetic design for loading implants. The ISQ measurements, based on radio-frequencies analysis (RFA), were carried out over twenty implants in the upper and/or lower jaws of eight patients. All implants were Ankylos Plus with a diameter of 3.5 mm, and lengths from 8 to 11 mm. The ISQ measures were performed on the day of surgery, as well as on the 6th and 8th week after implant placement. All implants were loaded, except one which presented a clinical mobility and an ISQ value of 48. The ISQ values were found to increase continuously during healing from 59.79 to 73.3 for implant length of 9.5 mm and from 56.3 to 71.6 6 for implant length of 11 mm and from 56 to 75 for implant length of 8mm, from the be-ginning to the end of measurements. On the basis of our results, performed with Ankylos Plus implants, we can conclude that Ostell Mentor is a reliable instrument for determining implant stability, and predicting the osseointegration outcome.


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

85BRUNO NIKOLOVSKI


Institute: PRIVATE DENTAL OFFICE

Specialty: ORAL SURGERY AND IMPLANTOLOGY

Author: NIKOLOVSKI BRUNO-PHO PETKOVI;RADOJKOVA NIKOLOVSKA VERA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;SIMJANOVSKA LJUBA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL SURGERY

Title: ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS AT DENTAL IMPLANTS



Introduction: There are many reasons for dental implant failure; the development of bacte-remia is concern for dentists. In general, antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended for high risk patients such as individuals with an immunodeficiency, infectious endocarditis, or previous prosthetic instrumentation. However regarding clinically healthy, low and moderate risk in-dividuals, the use of antibiotics in implant dentistry is controversial. Material and Methods: The systematic literature review was completed using the electronic databases, Pubmed and Medline. Main search terms were antibiotic, prophylaxis combined with dental implant, im-plant failure and oral implant. Results: Of the 11406 implants used in this review, cases with no antibiotics had a 92% success rate, cases with pre-operative antibiotic alone had a 96% success rate, cases with post-operative antibiotic alone had a 97% success rate and cases with both pre and post-operative antibiotic prophylactics had a success rate of 96%. Conclu-sion: Thus, the results from this review show more than 90% success rate when antibiotics are used compared to when they are not used. No benefit is seen from the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in low and moderate risk dental implant patients. Keywords: dental implants; pre-operative prophylaxis; post-operative prophylaxis; success rate.


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

158ANGELINA VLAHOVA

PLOVDIV-Bulgaria

Institute: FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE - PLOVDIV


Author: ANGELINA VLAHOVA-FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE - PLOVDIV, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETIC DENTAL MEDICINE;VIKTOR HADZHIGAEV-FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDI-CINE - PLOVDIV, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETIC DENTAL MEDICINE;RADA KAZAKO-VA-FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE - PLOVDIV, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETIC DEN-TAL MEDICINE;SVETLIN ALEXANDROV-FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE - PLOVDIV, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETIC DENTAL MEDICINE;DOBROMIRA SHOPOVA-FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE - PLOVDIV, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETIC DENTAL MEDICINE

Title: PROSTHETIC COMPLICATIONS IN IMPLANT TREATMENT: A CLINICAL CASE.


Area of view: Oral Implantology Background. Implant treatment has sophisticated clinical prosthetic protocol that creates preconditions for some mistakes and complications. Purpose. The aim of this study is to pres-ent a clinical case with prosthetic complications in implant treatment. Methods and materials. Using closed tray implant impression technique, we made mistake with the proper replacing of the indirect transfer copings into their places in the impression. Results. Under this cir-cumstance we had problems with measuring the depth of the gingival sulcus of the implants, with the height of the metal substructure and with the parallelism between the abutments in the mouth. For correcting the prosthetic complications we made some additional procedures: repeated individualizing of the preparation junctions of the abutments, cutting of the metal substructure, followed by soldering and occlusal adjustments for securing space for the ce-ramic incrustation. Conclusions. Knowledge about possible prosthetic complications in im-plant treatment prevents making mistakes and facilitates their elimination. Key words: implant treatment, prosthetic complications


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

176IKBAL LEBLEBICIOGLU

KAYSERI-Turkey

Author: IKBAL LEBLEBICIOGLU-ERCIYES UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS ;MUSTAFA ZORTUK-ERCIYES UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS ;BÜLENT KESIM-ERCIYES UNIVERSITY DEN-TISTRY FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: AN IMPLANT SUPPORTED PROSTHETIC APPROACH FOR A PATIENT WITH MAXILLAR AND MANDIBULAR DEFECT: CASE REPORT



A 22 year old male patient was consulted to the prosthodontology department of Erciyes Unıversity Dentistry Faculty. In hıs medical history it was observed that he had lost one of his eyes, his anterior maxiila and more than half of his mandibula in a terorist bomb attack. A plastic surgery was taken immediately after the explosion including a dermal greft to his anterior maxilla and his nose , and a illiac crest greft for the replacement of the mandibula. In his clinical examination it was seen that he had 16, ,26,27,28, 47,48 numbered teeth and 45,46 and 17 numbered teeth with fixed prostheses and beside these he had no occlusion. He refused any of his teeth to be extracted because of his mental condition. The treatment plan was decided as fabricating an implant and teeth supported overdenture with precious attachments for lower jaw and a partial removable denture for the upper jaw.


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

199NIHAL PEHLIVAN ANKARA-Turkey

Institute: GAZI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY

Specialty: DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Author: NIHAL PEHLIVAN-GAZI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;EMRE TOKAR-GAZI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DE-PARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;MERVE CAKIRBAY-GAZI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;OZGUL KARACAER-GAZI UNIVER-SITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: IMPLANT SUPPORTED BAR RETAINED OVERDENTURES WITH INADEQUATE INTER-IMPLANT DISTANCES: A CASE REPORT



A number of treatment strategies have been employed when carried out in the edentulous mandible. These strategies include fixed prosthesis, mucosa-implant supported overdentures and implant-supported overdentures. Implant-supported overdentures are good alternative for edentulous patients due to conventional dentures have lack of retention and stability. Several attachments can be used for implant-supported overdentures. Among these, bar at-tachment system has greater retention and better maintainability than others. Large retentive clips with more contact in the acrylic resin seem to be less subject to complications. However, it is not always possible to use large retentive clips because of small interimplant space and restricted interocclusal space. Specifically, a bar superstructure supported by 4 anteriorly placed dental implants in the mandible does not allow for large clips. 62 year-old woman was presented to Gazi University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Prosthodontics. The patient has edentulous mandible and maxilla. 4 implants had been placed into both of jaws in order to make implant-supported overdentures. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed in-sertion of implants exhibit suboptimal positions, especially in mandible inter-implant distances was not enough considered for bar-clip attachment. In order to fabricate implant-supported bar-clip retained overdenture one of the implants was buried in mandible. This case report describes 4 implant-supported maxillary overdenture opposing to 3 implant-supported man-dibular overdenture retained by bar-clip attachments.


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

243CIGDEM UNLU

İSTANBUL-Turkey

Author: RUSTU CEM TANYEL,DDS,PHD-ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY,FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT ORAL SURGERY;MUSTAFA RAMAZANOGLU,DDS,PHD-IS-TANBUL UNIVERSITYFACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT ORAL SURGERY;DAMLA GÜLER,DDS-ISTANBUL UNIVERSITYFACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT ORAL SURGERY;CIGDEM ÜNLÜ,DDS-ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY,FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT ORAL SURGERY;A.BULENT KATIBOGLU,DDS,PHD-ISTAN-BUL UNIVERSITY,FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT ORAL SURGERY

Title: OVERDENTURE OPTIONS OF DENTAL IMPLANT KA SERVING PROSTHETIC FACILI-TIES



New generation dental implant Ka enables prosthetic treatments with its body morphology and also abutment options. It provides quick and convenient working conditions by solid and screwed cementable abutment options and ability of modeling both options with the same pick-up. And also abutments of the remaining overdentures can easily be modeled by only single pick-up. Nonetheless, for the prosthetic period following the successful osseointegra-tion, dental implant ka has additional options serving the dentist conveniently.


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

251DANIELA VELESKA STEVKOVSKA




Author: DANIELA VELESKA STEVKOVSKA-UNIVERSITY STS.CYRIL AND METHODIUS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT FOR ORAL SURGERY;MARIJA PEEVA PETRESKA-UNI-VERSITY STS.CYRIL AND METHODIUS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT FOR ORAL SURGERY;GORDANA APOSTOLOVA-UNIVERSITY STS.CYRIL AND METHODIUS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT FOR ORAL SURGERY;PAVLINA ALEKSOVA-UNIVERSITY STS.CYRIL AND METHODIUS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT FOR ENDODONTICS

Title: EFFECTS OF MICROBAL LOAD ON PERIIMPLANT IMMUNOLOGY STATUS



Bacteria, which colonize biofilms on dental implants in different stages and have different pathogenic potentials and effects of signaling pathways associated with a series of proinflam-matory cytokines. Aim of the study was to find out the correlation between immunological and microbiological status of the peri-implant tissues, the degree of the peri-implant bone loss, the implant stability and implant surface. Two weeks after setting the prosthesis suprastruc-ture by using the swab method, a part of the supragingival plaque was collected. A sample of the subgingival plaque was adsorbed on sterile dry paper strips. One year after the func-tional loading of implants clinical examinations were carried out to evaluate the fitness of the peri-implant tissues. Using radiographic findings the status of the alveolar bone was evalu-ated and the bone support was monitored. With the help of microbiological tests the implants microorganisms loading was determined. In the evaluation of the immune status (proinflam-matory and anti-inflammatory cytokine profile) and the loading with oral microorganisms on the peri-implant tissues, a statistically highly significant relationship was concluded in terms of the given time dimension of the study (\


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

243CIGDEM UNLU

İSTANBUL-Turkey

Author: RUSTU CEM TANYEL,DDS,PHD-ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY,FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT ORAL SURGERY;MUSTAFA RAMAZANOGLU,DDS,PHD-IS-TANBUL UNIVERSITYFACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT ORAL SURGERY;DAMLA GÜLER,DDS-ISTANBUL UNIVERSITYFACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT ORAL SURGERY;CIGDEM ÜNLÜ,DDS-ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY,FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT ORAL SURGERY;A.BULENT KATIBOGLU,DDS,PHD-ISTAN-BUL UNIVERSITY,FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT ORAL SURGERY

Title: OVERDENTURE OPTIONS OF DENTAL IMPLANT KA SERVING PROSTHETIC FACILI-TIES


Area of view: Oral Implantology New generation dental implant Ka enables prosthetic treatments with its body morphology and also abutment options. It provides quick and convenient working conditions by solid and screwed cementable abutment options and ability of modeling both options with the same pick-up. And also abutments of the remaining overdentures can easily be modeled by only single pick-up. Nonetheless, for the prosthetic period following the successful osseointegra-tion, dental implant ka has additional options serving the dentist conveniently.


ORAL PATHOLOGY (ORAL MEDICINE)

310KRISTINA MITIK



Specialty: PERIODONTOLOGIST

Author: KRISTINA MITIK-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;MIRJANA POPVSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;ANA BELAZELKOSKA-;EMILIJA STEFANOVSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;STEVICA RISTOSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY

Title: EFFECT OF IMMUNOSUPPRESIVE MEDICATION ON PROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY IN ORAL GINGIVAL EPITHELIUM


Area of view: Oral Pathology (Oral Medicine)

Background: Instead of fact that gingival overgrowth (GO) is unwanted effect of Cyclospori-neA (CsA) therapy, the exact mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of drug-induced gingi-val overgrowth remains unclear. The association between CsA therapy and epithelial prolif-eration activity seems to play role in it’s pathogenesis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the expression of Ki-67 in gingival epithelium and gingival stroma among renal transplant recipients treated with CsA. Methods: A cohort of 64 kidney transplant recipients was divided into four subgroups based on the average daily dose of therapeutically applied CsA (Ne-oral®), (100mg, 125mg, 150mg and 175mg) and 21 systematically healthy control subjects were studied. The tissue samples were immunohistochemically stained (ABC-Avidin Biotin Complex method, LSAB + variant) to determine the expression of Ki-67 protein. Morphomet-ric analyses were performed to detect the thickness of epithelium using computer program ,,IMAGE ANALIZING SYSTEM - LUCIA M„. Results: There were significant differences be-tween CsA groups and control group with respect to the epithelial thickness and expression of Ki-67. There was also a significant difference between the groups with 100mg and 125mg, in comparison to the group with 150mg and 175mg CsA daily. However, a statistically signifi-cant positive correlation between Ki-67, CsA dose and GI was registered (p<0.05). Conclu-sion: Our findings suggest that increased cell division is depended on CsA dosage and gingi-val inflammation, and may have a significant role in the pathogenesis of CsA-induced gingival overgrowth. Key words:KI-67,GO,CsA therapy, gingival inflammation.



398CEYDA OZCAKIR TOMRUK

ISTANBUL-Turkey

Institute: YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY

Specialty: ORALSURGERY

Author: CEYDA OZCAKIR TOMRUK-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL SURGERY;GONCA DUYGU-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL SURGERY

Title: DIFFERENT TREATMENT APPROACHES TO LARGE ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYST: A CASE SERIES



Odontogenic keratocyst is a cyst of tooth origin with an aggresive behaviour including a high recurrence rate. The cysts are are most often seen in the mandibular ramus and angle. The most common characteristic clinical aspect of OKCs is the high frequency of recurrence. Treatment of Okcs remains controversial. Therapeutic approaches vary in different studies from marsupialization and enucleation to marginal or radical resection. In this report, we will prEsent four large large OKC case, the clinical behaviour and the treatment options are dis-cussed.



344MAJA PANDILOVA


Institute: FACULTY OF DENTISTRY -SKOPJE

Specialty: ORAL PATHOLOGY AND PERIODONTOLOGY

Author: MAJA PANDILOVA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY -SKOPJE DEPATMET OF ORAL PATHOL-OGY AND PERIODONTOLOGY;SILVANA GEORIEVA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY -SKOPJE DEPATMET OF ORAL PATHOLOGY AND PERIODONTOLOGY;VERA RADOJKOVA-NIKO-LOVSKA -FACULTY OF DENTISTRY -SKOPJE DEPATMET OF ORAL PATHOLOGY AND PERIODONTOLOGY;KRISTINA MITIK-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY -SKOPJE DEPATMET OF ORAL PATHOLOGY AND PERIODONTOLOGY;BILJANA RUSEVSKA-FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY -SKOPJE DEPATMET OF ORAL PATHOLOGY AND PERIODONTOLOGY

Title: THE IMPACT OF CANNABIS USE ON THE ORAL HEALTH



The impact of cannabis use on the oral health Background: Cannabis has been cultivated and used since the beginning of civilization for clothes, food and medication. Cannabis con-tains unique group of chemicals cannaboides which have psychoactive effects. The discov-ery of beneficial health effects of these components prompted research in medical use of cannabis or even legalization of cannabis use in some countries. Despite these potential beneficial effects, non medical abuse of cannabis can have adverse effects on both general and oral health Aim To describe pathological changes of the oral mucosa and impact on oral health in individuals which are regular users of cannabis? Material and methods.45 patient, mainly men, took part in the investigation aged between 16-35 years... The participants were divided into two groups those who smoke cannabis only and those who smoke cigarettes and cannabis. Clinical examination of the oral mucosa, vermilion and tongue were conducted as well as periodontal and dental examination. Results. In all of the participants main symptom was xerostomia, loss of taste sensation, feeling of parestesia of the tongue. In some cases erythema located on the floor of the mouth, palatum durum and stomatitis nicotinica was observed in non smokers of tobacco. Specifical intense redness of the gingiva, tooth decay were commonly found. Gingival enlargement was detected in only one patient. Conclusion: Regular cannabis smoking can cause serious and in rare cases life-threatning consequences on oral health.


ORAL SURGERY AND ORAL MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

17ALDO VANGJELI

VLORË-Albania

Institute: REGIONAL HOSPITAL

Specialty: ORO.MAXILLO.FACIAL

Author: DR.ALDO VANGJELI.-REGIONAL HOSPITAL OF VLORA.ALBANIA;DR.ERIOLA CAUSHI.-AMBULATOR SERVICE.;PROF.GAFUR SHTINO. -Q.S.U.TIRANË.;PROF.RAMAZAN ISUFI. -Q.S.U.TIRANË.;DR.EDMOND BRESHANI. -REGIONAL HOSPITAL OF VLORA

Title: CYSTICAL FORMATONS IN CHILDREN THE WAYS IN SURGICAL AND ANAESTHETICAL TREATEMENT.


Area of view: Oral Surgery and Oral Maxillofacial Surgery

Abstract:Missing anmnesis or anmnesis based on parents,presence of mixed dentals ana-tomical-pathological particularities,do not knowing abot anaesthetical preparations create as e result a number of questions which we will try to explain below. The Aim: Evidention of clini-cal cases of cystic pathologies in children the importance of their diagnostication on time,as well as the waiys of treatment having in mind their anatomo-pathological particularities. Material and methods: To realise this work I am based on my theorical-practical and personal experience in surgical treatment of my patients will cystical lesions for a period of about 15 years and also..In this work we will present three cystic cases of mandibular region which were not treated in a protocol way. Conclusions: Dealing with little patiens include a series of particularities which are not only of professional character but also sociable ones.It is and remains our duty the salvations of those with as many traumas as possible.It is very impor-tant the evalutation of each case starting with those which seem as not problematic.Diagnos-tication protocol if it is done correctly does not leave spaces to make mistakes at least not unrepairable.The modernization of the ambulatory service and its expansion is a good news for everyone.



58AHMET ALTAN

HATAY-Turkey

Author: IBRAHIM DAMLAR-DEPT. OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, MUSTAFA KEMAL UNIVERSITY, HATAY, TURKEY;AHMET ALTAN*-DEPT. OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, MUSTAFA KEMAL UNIVERSITY, HATAY, TURKEY;SAIM YANIK-DEPT. OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SUR-GERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;ZEKI ARSLANOĞLU-DEPT. OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, MUSTAFA KEMAL UNIVERSITY, HATAY, TURKEY ;CENGIZ ÇEVIK -DEPT. OF OTORHINOLARYN-GOLOGY, MEDICAL FACULTY OF MUSTAFA KEMAL UNIVERSITY, HATAY, TURKEY

Title: REHABILITATION OF CENTRAL GIANT CELL GRANULOMA WITH ILIAC GRAFT AND RE-MOVABLE SPACE MAINTAINER: CASE REPORT



Objective: Central giant cell granuloma is a nonodontogenic pathological lesion that usu-ally located in the mandible and maxilla. The aetiology of giant cell granuloma is undefined. Surgical removal is the most commonly applied therapy. Our aim was to report rehabilitation of central giant cell granuloma with iliac graft and removable space maintainer. Case Re-port: A 10-years-old child was referred to our clinic complaining of swelling in the mandibular anterior region. The parents of the patient were reported that a surgical operation was done in mandibular anterior region of the patient one year ago. They also reported that this lesion was recurred six months after first surgery. The recurred lesion was removed under general anesthesia and #31-32-33-34 teeth were extracted. Iliac crest graft was harvested and fixed to the mandible by 2 titanium mini screws. The specimen underwent microscopic review and histopathology report confirms the diagnosis of a central giant cell granuloma. The patient\’s postoperative 3 months follow-up exam was uneventful. Because of the continuation of permanent teeth eruption, the patient was referred for removable space maintainer. Results-Conclusion: Aggressive lesions such as central giant cell granuloma observed 72% recur-rence rate to the literature. Therefore, conservative methods such as corticosteroid injection, systemic calcitonin aren’t preferred especially on the recurred lesion. Because, the surgical treatment may cause major defects in jaw bones and changes the facial contours, the repair of the defect with iliac bone graft was performed to solve aesthetic problems and facilitate the further prosthetic rehabilitation.



127MARINA KACARSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIC ,, ST.PANTELEJMON\’\’


Author: MARINA KACARSKA-UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIC

Title: PAPILLA BASE FLAP IN PERIRADICULAR SURGERY-A CASE REPORT



PAPILLA BASE FLAP IN PERIRADICULAR SURGERY-A CASE REPORT Introduction: The most used flap in periradicular surgery is the full thickness sulcular flap.The horizon-tal intrasulcular incision involves the marginal and interdental gingival tissues.In order to prevent attachment loss and gingiva recession following periradicular surgery papilla base flap was introduced. Aim: To evaluate the papilla preservation properties of the papilla base flap. A case report: A 42 year female was referred to the University Clinic of Oral Surgery for re-surgery of the maxillary right lateral incisor. No signs of marginal periodontitis were detected. After infiltrative anesthesia was administered the vertical relaxing incisions were made(scalpel No. 15). Next, shallow (1.5mm) papillae based incisions in a slightly curved mode, followed by coaxial incisions.Finally a sulcular incision connected the vertical with pa-pilla base incisions. The flap was retracted during the root-end procedures and sutured with interrupted sutures(4-0 Silkam,B/Brawn Aesculap),starting from the papillae based incisions. The patient was advised to apply cold compression, and to use analgesics if necessary. The experimental site was evaluated during surgery and at suture removal. Results: The papilla base flap enabled a broad surgical field,good visual and instrumental access while preserving the marginal soft tissues. The postoperative period was uneventful. There were no signs of infection or dehiscence. Primary healing was evident at suture removal, 5 days postop. The probing depths remained within normal limits. Conclusion: Papilla base flap led to recession free healing in periradicular surgery when marginal periodontium was healthy.



145IVANA SIMIĆ

VIŠEGRAD-Bosnia and Herzegovina

Institute: MEDICAL FACULTY, FOČA

Specialty: ORAL SURGEON

Author: IVANA SIMIĆ-MEDICAL FACULTY, FOČA;SLAVOLJUB TOMIĆ-MEDICAL FACULTY, FOČA;BRANKICA DAVIDOVIĆ-MEDICAL FACULTY, FOČA;LJLJANA KULIĆ-MEDICAL FACULTY, FOČA;IVANA VUČINIĆ-MEDICAL FACULTY, FOČA

Title: ARE WE REALLY TOOTHLESS NATION?



According to unofficial data, even today the number of toothless people in this region is enor-mous. Very often form of dental treatment in Republic of Srpska is extraction therapy. Aim. The aim of this research was to detect the main reasons which leads to loss of permanent teeth and to detrmine the exact number of extracted teeth. Material and Methods. Examina-tion was conducted on 860 patients, both sexes, age 7-79 years, in five year period. Modeled in numerous other studies, the main reasons which leads to extraction of teeth were detected as caries, periodontopathy,pericoronitis etc., data about reasons of extraction permanent teeth, sex and age of patients, and types of teeth. Results. Results obtained in study indi-cates very high percentage of extracted permanent teeth (1501). The main cause for extrac-tion was caries in group of young and middle age people, and periodontopathy in group of patients older than 40 years. Higher percentage was found in women than in men (54% : 46%). In population younger than 15 years, most common reason for extraction permanent teeth after caries, were orthodontic indications. Conclusions. This study confirmed our doubts about enormous percentage of extracted teeth, most commonly because of caries and peri-odontopathy and confirmed the accuracy of the claims about the existance of toothlessness problem in this region. Keywords: extraction of teeth; caries; periodontopathy; toothless.



188MARINA KACARSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIC ,, ST.PANTELEJMON\’\’


Author: MARINA KACARSKA-UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIC

Title: LASER ASSISTED MANDIBULAR VESTIBULOPLASTY



LASER ASSISTED MANDIBULAR VESTIBULOPLASTY Introduction: Laser vestibuloplasty is a contemporary surgical procedure undertake to increase the height and width of the at-tached gingiva for prosthesis retention. At a wavelength of 2.94 µm the Er:YAG laser has the highest specificity for water absorption of all the mid-infrared lasers. The high water content in the oral soft tissues makes this laser a useful tool in oral soft surgery, while the finest low pulse energy and high repetition rates makes it a extremely precise tool suitable for delicate procedures. Aim: A case of laser assisted mandibular anterior vestibuloplasty with Er-Yag Laser (Fotona Fidelis III) is presented. Material and method: A 69 year-old patient was re-ferred to the University dental clinic of oral surgery for preprosthetic surgery. Several previ-ous attempts to stabilize the lower total prosthesis were unsuccessful. After bilateral block anestesia, mandibular anterior vestibuloplasty was performed with Er-Yag Laser (Fotona Fidelis III). R02 handpiece was used, with the following laser parameters: SP,LP; E=200mJ; frequency=20hZ; 30hZ. Results: The anterior vestibular depth was increased and maintained during the healing period. There was no need for suture or any graft material. The postop-erative recovery was symptomless, without pain, oedema, or signs of infection. Two weeks after surgery the area was partially epithelized. Conclusion: Vestibuloplasty with Er.Yag laser facilitates lower denture fabrication with good retention, thus patient\’s esthetic and functional rehabilitation is condensed and suitable.



196NIHAT AKBULUT TOKAT-Turkey

Institute: UNIVERSITY OF GAZIOSMANPASA , FACULTY OF DENTISTRY

Author: NIHAT AKBULUT-UNIVERSITY OF GAZIOSMANPASA , FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, TOKAT, TURKEY.;ISMAIL OZKOCAK-UNIVERSITY OF GAZIOSMANPASA , FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPART-MENT OF ENDODONTICS, TOKAT, TURKEY.;FATMA AYTAC-UNIVERSITY OF GAZIOS-MANPASA , FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY, TOKAT, TURKEY.;M. KEMAL TUMER-UNIVERSITY OF GAZIOSMANPASA , FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, TOKAT, TURKEY.;SEBNEM KURSUN-UNIVERSITY OF ANKARA, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DE-PARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY ANKARA, TURKEY

Title: DENTOALVEOLAR TRAUMA WITH INTRUSION OF PERMANENT INCISOR TEETH: A COMPLEX TREATMENT APPROACH TO A CASE



Introduction: Dentoalveolar trauma is not also a very common situation but also usually sudden, circumstantial, unexpected, accidental events like severe traffic accident resulted severe brain concussion with severe bleeding. So, dentoalveolar injuries treatment may be late which usually require an emergency care. Avulsions and intrusions are the most compli-cated and controversial displacement injuries of permanent teeth without their body fracture. Management of intrusions is controversial but, has the widest choice of treatment options as earlier surgical management with endodontic treatment, following the case for spontaneous eruption of intrusive teeth and something else. In this study, we present dentoalveolar injuries and its treatment. Case summary: This study presents a case that had severe traffic accident with brain trauma, dentoalveolar injuries with intrusion of the number 21, 22 and 23 perma-nent incisor teeth. The patient was a soldier firstly had brain treatment in another hospital. Then he had taken dentoalveolar injury treatment including surgical reduction and grafting the surrounding bony of traumatized teeth with splinting of them to the neighboring teeth. In addition, the number 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25 of teeth had been taken endodontic treatment in the same session. The patient was reoperated for grafting adjacent bony of traumatized teeth due to severe alveolar crest resorption. The healing of the patient is acceptable and follow-up is going . Conclusion: In this situation the decision is one of immediate extraction or reposi-tioning with grafting, splinting and also making endodontic treatment in same session useful for this kind of dentoalveolar injuries.



248BİLAL EGE GAZIANTEP-Turkey

Author: EGE BILAL-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;DEMIRKOL MEHMET-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;MUSTAFA RAWAND-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, GAZIANTEP UNI-VERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;ARAS MUTAN HAMDI-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;AY SINAN-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY

Title: ACCIDENTAL FORMOCRESOL INJECTION INSTEAD OF ANESTHETIC SOLUTION: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE



Background: Aim of this study is to report clinical complications such as pain, necrotic bone and mucosa, resulting from accidental formocresol injection instead of anesthetic solution for tooth extraction. Case Report: Formocresol injection instead of anesthetic solution had been made to a prisoner patient who applied to infirmary of prison for extraction of upper left first premolar. One week after the patient was referred to Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Ga-ziantep University Faculty of Dentistry. During the clinical examination, the patient had pain, swelling and malodor. Also, there was necrotic bone and mucosa in buccal and palatal sides of the tooth. Parenteral antibiotics therapy included clindamycin and diclofenac sodium was prescribed for ten days. After antibiotic therapy the patient was operated under local anes-thesia for sequestrectomy and the tunnel shaped bone defects were closed. Postoperatively, healing of the defect was smooth and there were no any complications. Review of the litera-ture: Articles that presented case reports or a review of the literature reporting formocresol cases were selected for this review from the database of the Pubmed. After reviewing all arti-cles and hand searching the references, our case was found unique for accidentally injection of the formocresol. Conclusion: Anesthetic solution should be checked before each injection and it shouldn’t be confused with other materials of similar color and appearance. Addition-ally, clinicians must be aware of complications due to using formocresol in clinical practice.



249BİLAL EGE GAZIANTEP-Turkey

Author: EGE BILAL-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;DEMIRKOL MEHMET-DE-PARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GA-ZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;KESKINRUZGAR AYDIN-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVER-SITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;ARAS MUTAN HAMDI-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXIL-LOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;AY SINAN-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY

Title: EFFECTS OF USING THERMOPLASTIC RETAINERS AFTER REMOVAL OF PALATALLY IMPACTED MAXILLARY CANINES



Background: Maxillary permanent canines show the highest frequency of impaction after the third molars. The quality of life after the surgery of impacted maxillary canine is very impor-tant for patients. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of thermoplastic retainers on postoperative complications and the life quality of patients had an extraction of palatally impacted maxillary canines. Methods and Materials: Seventeen healthy patients had unilat-eral palatally impacted maxillary canine were included in this study. After the surgery, patients were divided into 2 groups, the first group (8 patients) used individual thermoplastic retainers overlying the palatal flap and maxillary teeth, while the second one (9 patients) did not. The patients of both groups were asked about their life quality and complications like pain, swell-ing, bleeding and infection at postoperative days 1, 3 and 7. Results: The statistical analysis (student’s t-test) did not show any significant differences between the two groups in terms of the life quality of patients at postoperative days 1 and 7, while a significant difference was found between the groups at postoperative day 3. Conclusion: Thermoplastic retainers overlying the palatal flap may be beneficial in increasing patients’ quality of life after palatally impacted maxillary canines surgery.



284 DANICA POPOVICH MONEVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: UN.CLINIC FOR MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

Specialty: MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

Author: D.POPOVICH MONEVSKA-UNIVERSITU CLINIC FOR MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERU SKOPJE;S.NAUMOVSKI-;V.POPOVSKI-;A.BENEDETTI-;S.BOZOVICH

Title: LIP CANCER-OPERATIVE TREATMENT AND RECONSTRACTION



Lip Cancer: Treatment and Reconstruction University Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery , Skopje , R. Macedonia Popovich Monevska D.,Naumovski S., Popovski V., Benedetti A., Bozovich S., Serafimovski P., Ismani A. Background: Lips play important role in the facial harmony, beauty, emotional expression and many important functions. Lip cancer-planocellular, is the second most common cancer of the head and neck. A common presentation for lip cancer is a no healing ulcer or scab on the lip. Risk factors of lip cancer include sun exposure, his-tory of skin cancer, and use of tobacco products. Objective: The objective of the study was to summarize the clinical experience of a wide variety of sophisticated techniques for lip reconstruction, following removal of the cancer lesion of lips, and to determine recurrence rate in this patients. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 54 patients who had undergone a standardized reconstructive approach based on the literature published and our own experience over the past 4 years. Resultates; Most of the patients had T1 and T2 stage primary tumor, For reconstruction of the defect most frequently were used advanced flaps method Bernard Von Burrow, full thickness nasolabial flap and modified fan flap. Conclu-sions: Following removal of the cancer lesion, small defects can be repaired in an aestheti-cally pleasing manner by rearrangement of local tissue or attachment of remaining lip edges. Even large defects of the lips can be reconstructed using adjacent tissue in a manner which hides incision and leads to excellent functional and cosmetic results. Tumor free margins are not always guaranty for local recurrences.



298SUZANA DVOJAKOVSKA


Institute: CLINIC FOR MAXILOFACIAL SURGERY-SKOPJE

Specialty: MAXILOFACIAL SURGEON

Author: S.DVOJAKOVSKA, -CLINIC FOR MAXILOFACIAL SURGERY-SKOPJE;D. POPOVIC-MONEVSKA,-CLINIC FOR MAXILOFACIAL SURGERY-SKOPJE;V.POPOVSKI,-CLINIC FOR MAXILOFACIAL SURGERY-SKOPJE;A. GRCEV -CLINIC FOR MAXILOFACIAL SUR-GERY-SKOPJE;S. IDOSKA -CLINIC FOR MAXILOFACIAL SURGERY-SKOPJE

Title: SURGICAL PATOLOGY OF SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND DISEASES: EVALUATION OF DI-AGNOSIS AND THERAPY



Introduction: Submandibular gland diseases are ranged from inflammatory, granulomatous, tumors, autoimmune,obstructive, idiopathic often accompanied by other systemic diseases. Objective: The purpose of this study was to confirm •Retrospective review of submandibular diseases, demonstrating the prevalence of inflammatory processes . •establishing algorithm for diagnosis and differentiation of each disorder; •the value and limits of diagnostic modali-ties for each submandibular pathology separately and their therapeutic modalities Methods:In retrospective study were treated 356 patients with swelling of submandibular gland. In all was apply the actual diagnostic algorithm for diagnosis: clinical examination, ultrasonography, occlusal Rtg, sialography, sialochemistry, biopsy, CT and pathohystological findings for veri-fying the excised glands. After confirmation of the diagnosis, the therapeutic protocol were conducted for each disorder separately Results: The final diagnosis included inflammations in 84%, autoimmune diseases 3%, cysta 2% , granulomatosis 2%, salivary neoplasmas 9%. According to the diagnostic algorithm each disorder has specific diagnostic modality which has high accuracy in confirmation of diagnosis. Acute sialoadenitis were conservative treated or with transoral extirpation for extraglandular sialolithiasis. In chronic sialoadenitis was performed gland extirpation .Evaluation of the neoplasmas , showed (75%) of cases were represented by benign tumors. Treatment was exclusively surgical with extirpation of tumor together with the gland, associated with neck dissection for malignant tumors. Summary: Only the adequate diagnosis and evaluation of sialomegaly leads to an accurate diagnosis and adequate treatment decision in therapy.



315LJUBA SIMJANOVSKA


Institute: USKC ST. PANTELEJMON SKOPJE,FACULTY


Author: LJUBA SIMJANOVSKA-CLINIC OF ORAL SURGERY USKC ST. PANTELEJMON SKOPJE;MIRJANA MARKOVSKA-ARSOVSKA-CLINIC OF ORAL SURGERY USKC ST. PANTELEJMON SKOPJE;NATASHA TOSHEVSKA-CLINIC OF ORTHODONTICS USKC ST. PANTELEJMON SKOPJE;SIMONA SIMJANOVSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY ST. CIRYL AND METODIJ SKOPJE;KRISTINA JACIMOVIC TASEVSKA-PHF D-R JACIMOVIC - TA-SEVSKA

Title: USAGE OF THE LASER IN THE THERAPY OF THE SOFT TISSUE IN THE ORAL CAVITY



The application of the laser beam in correction of the soft tissue defects in the oral cavity gives much better results than the standard conventional surgery techniques. The laser beam has anti-inflammatory effect, the postsurgical edema is decreased, the pain is insignificant, we have no bleeding, coagulates faster and the patient has good comfort. Aim: To present the laser with all advantages like more sophisticated method in the dentistry than the conven-tional methods. Material and method: We exams 70 patients with soft tissue pathology like hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the oral mucosa. The patients were at different age. In most of the cases anesthesia was not used, or if we used it was in small amount. FOTONA LASER ER. Yag. 02 was used. Results: The results we gain are polyvalent. With the laser we have dry work field, no trauma, no suture and the time of the intervention is shorter. Conclusion: The usage of the laser gives us big opportunities. The time is shorter, he patients are more comfortable and their fear is decreased. Anesthesia can be excluded.



323MEHMET DEMIRKOL

GAZIANTEP-Turkey

Author: MEHMET DEMİRKOL-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACUL-TY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;CELAL ÇANDIRLI-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, KARADENIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, TRABZON, TURKEY;BİLAL EGE-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNI-VERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;RAWAND MUSTAFA-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAX-ILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIAN-TEP, TURKEY;AYDIN KESKINRÜZGAR -DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY

Title: BILATERAL TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT ANKYLOSIS SURGERY: A CASE REPORT



BILATERAL TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT ANKYLOSIS SURGERY: A CASE REPORT Background: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is a distressing disorder that fre-quently caused by trauma, infection, autoimmune disease and previously failed TMJ surgery. In pediatric patient often leads to facial deformity, difficulty chewing and swallowing, limitation of mouth opening, and poor oral hygiene. Case report: A 16-years old patient referred to our clinic with chief complaint of restricted mouth opening. Physical examination showed maximal mouth opening (9 mm), after radiographically were assessed with orthopantomograph and computed tomography that revealed fibro-ankylosis bilaterally in both TMJ. Under general anesthesia, the right joint was exposed through an Al-Kayat Bramley incision and ankylotic mass completely removed then temporalis myofascial flap inserted into the gap the which is created between ramus and glenoid fossa, and ipsilateral coronoidectomy was performed with intraoral approach. Intraoperatively, maximal mouth opening (MMO) was 36 mm. After 10 month, condylectomy is done in the left joint using similar approach and the created gap was filled with an autogenous dermis-fat-graft procured from the patient’s groin. In postop-erative follow-up, improved nutrition and oral hygiene is observed with gaining body weight in this patient. Conclusion: In this case, we found that the use of the autogenous dermis fat and temporalis myofascial flap as an interpositional graft were an effective procedure for the restore jaw function following the surgical release of the tmj ankylosis.



365AYDIN KESKINRÜZGAR

GAZIANTEP-Turkey

Author: AYDIN KESKINRUZGAR-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY; MEHMET DEMIRKOL-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY;RAWAND MUSTAFA -DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY;BILAL EGE -DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACUL-TY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY;MUTAN HAMDI ARAS-DEPART-MENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIAN-TEP UNIVERSITY, TURKEY

Title: INVESTIGATE ANTIANESTHETIC EFFECT OF LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY: A CLINI-CAL STUDY



Background: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) provides some benefits, such as analgesic ef-fects, vasodilatation and cellular activation. Due to these effects of LLLT, the absorption of a local anesthetic agent may increase and the duration of the anesthesia may reduce. The purpose of this study was to investigate antianesthetic effect of low level laser therapy (LLLT). Material and Methods: In this clinical study includes 40 patients with an indication for bilateral tooth extraction. After bilateral infiltration anesthesia application, unilateral LLLT (Nd:YAG 1064 nm,Fidelis Plus,Fotona) was applied to these patients perpendicularly to the skin, distance of 1 cm². The laser beam was set 0.25 Watt (average power), 10 Hz, 21 second. Energy dosage was 8j/ cm². The degrees of teeth vitality objectively were measured in 20 patients (group 1) and the depths of the soft tissue anesthesia subjectively were measured in 20 (group 2) patients. All measurements were performed at the 20. 40. 60. 80. 100. and 120. minutes respectively. Results: In this study there was no statistically significant antianesthetic effect of this type of laser among both groups. Conclusions: Antianesthetic effect of LLLT was not observed in our study. However, additional experimental and clinical studies can be per-formed to investigate the effects of LLLT on the duration of anesthesia.



376RAWAND MUSTAFA

GAZİANTEP-Turkey

Author: RAWAND MUSTAFA-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, GA-ZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;MEHMET DEMIRKOL-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;AYDIN KESKINRÜZGAR-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;BILAL EGE-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;MUTAN HAMDI ARAS -DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLO-FACIAL SURGERY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY

Title: ECTOPIC PREMOLAR TOOTH ASSOCIATED WITH DENTIGEROUS CYST IN MAXILLARY SINUS: A CASE REPORT



ECTOPIC PREMOLAR TOOTH ASSOCIATED WITH DENTIGEROUS CYST IN MAXILLARY SINUS: A CASE REPORT Background: Ectopic teeth within the maxillary sinus are fairly rare. In the literature, there have been reports of teeth impacted in the mandibular condyle, coronoid process, nasal septum and orbital region. Sometimes, a tooth may erupt in maxillary sinus and present with local symptoms such as; sinonasal infection, cortical bone destruction and expansion. Case report: A 16 years-old male patient referred to our clinic complaining of pain and infection in premolar area. Intraoral examination showed pain on palpation and foul-smelling discharge for one month duration with a fistula observed in the right premolar region. A panoramic radiograph revealed an ectopic tooth in right maxillary sinus. Computed tomographic imaging was performed to provide a more detailed analysis of the this region. Computed tomographic scans revealed an ectopic premolar tooth associated with cystic le-sion, which was removed by enucleation under local anesthesia with Caldwell-Luc approach. Post-operative healing was uneventful, and patient was followed-up without any symptoms or complications. Conclusion: Occurrence of an ectopic tooth in the maxillary sinus and associa-tion of a dentigerous cyst with it is a rare phenomenon, which can lead to serious complica-tions seen by clinical and radiographical examinations that should be followed up postopera-tively.



383IRENA MLADENOVIC

FOCA-Bosnia and Herzegovina

Author: IRENA MLADENOVIC-DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTHICS, MEDICAL FACULTY, UNI-VERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA;MIHAEL STANOJEVIC*-DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTHICS, MEDICAL FACULTY, UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA;SLOBODAN DODIC-DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE, SERBIA;DRAGAN PETROVIC-DEPARTMENT OF MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, MEDICAL FACULTY, UNIVERSITY OF NIS, SERBIA;RUZICA KOZOMARA-DEPARTMENT OF MAXIL-LOFACIAL SURGERY, MILITARY MEDICAL ACADEMY, BELGRADE, SERBIA

Title: TMD IN POSTOPERATIVE PROGNATHIC PATIENTS: CORRELATION WITH TREATMENT FACTORS



TMD in postoperative prognathic patients: correlation with treatment factors BACKGROUND: Functional recovery and appearance of dysfunctional changes following orthognathic surgery, comprised under the term temporomandibular disorders (TMD), varies widely. Moreover, the influence of the confounding variables for postoperative TMD has not yet been fully clarified. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between postoperative TMD with several treatment factors in patients with mandibular prognathism. METHODS AND MATERI-ALS: The study included 40 consecutive prognathic patients immediately after completion of orthodontic-surgical correction. TMD was assessed by Research diagnostic criteria for TMD. Data considering treatment factors were extracted from medical records. RESULTS: There was more disc displacement with use of rigid fixation (p<0.05). Reduced jaw opening was observed in patients treated with wire fixation (p<0.001) and with increased immobilization period (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, TMD and reduction in mandibular opening in postoperative prognathic patients correlated with type of ostheosynthesis, and with length of intermaxillary fixation.



230AHMET ALTAN

HATAY-Turkey

Author: M. ISA KARA-DEPT. OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY, KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY, IZMIR, TURKEY;SAIM YANIK-DEPT. OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GA-ZIANTEP, TURKEY;AHMET ALTAN*-DEPT. OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, MUSTAFA KEMAL UNIVERSITY, HATAY, TURKEY;ONUR OZNALCIN-DEPT. OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;SINAN AY-DEPT. OF ORAL AND MAXIL-LOFACIAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY

Title: LARGE DENTIGEROUS CYST IN MAXILLARY SINUS LEADING NASAL OBSTRUCTION AND EYE ASYMMETRY: A CASE REPORT



Objective: Dentigerous cysts are the most common developmental odontogenic cysts of the jaws. Although most often affected teeth are mandibular third molars and maxillary canines, they may also be related with supernumerary or an ectopically erupted tooth. Our aim was to report management of ectopic third molar tooth related with dentigerous cyst in maxillary si-nus. Case Report: A 16 year-old girl referred our clinic with chief complaint of painful swelling over her right cheek since past six months. All permanent teeth were present except the right upper third molar. External examination showed that the face was gently asymmetrical; levels of eye globes were abnormal. Radiographic examination revealed a cystic lesion related with ectopic third molar, which located in the roof of the left maxillary sinus. Under local anesthe-sia, hard drain was inserted into the cyst cavity to drain and decrease the cystic pressure. Af-ter the six-month follow-up, Caldwell Luc operation was performed under general anesthesia. The patient’s symptoms were resolved completely after surgery and remained symptom-free for over a postoperative follow-up period of 2 year. Discussion: To prevent the development of a dentigerous cyst and to avoid harmful effects, unerupted teeth should be observed both clinically and radiographically. It must be kept in mind that some untreated dentigerous cysts may reach large dimensions, and may have the potential to develop into odontogenic tumors.


ORTHODONTICS

7REBEKA RUDOLF MARIBOR-Slovenia

Institute: UNIVERSITY OF MARIBOR, ZLATARNA CELJE D.D.

Specialty: INSTITUTE OF MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY

Author: JANKO FERČEC-UNIVERSITY OF MARIBOR, INSTITUTE OF MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY, SLOVENIA;SERGEJ TOMIĆ-MEDICAL FACULTY OF THE MILITARY MEDICAL ACADEMY, BELGRADE,SERBIA;DRAGOSLAV STAMENKOVIĆ-UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE, HIGH OF DENTAL MEDICINE, SERBIA;BRANISLAV GLIŠIĆ-UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE, HIGH OF DENTAL MEDICINE, SERBIA;EVGENIJA MARKOVIĆ-UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE, HIGH OF DENTAL MEDICINE, SERBIA

Title: NEW APPROACH BY DETERMINATION OF NITI ORTHODONTIC ARCHWIRES CHARAC-TERISTIC PROPERTIES


Area of view: Orthodontics

The aim of this paper was to analyse the characteristic properties of six different commercial-ly available NiTi orthodontic wires (diameter 0.014\


ORTHODONTICS

12KADIR MERT KAYALİ

GAZIANTEP-Turkey

Institute: GAZİANTEP UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS

Specialty: ORTHODONTICS

Author: RIDVAN OKŞAYAN-GAZİANTEP UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS ;ORAL SÖKÜCÜ-GAZİANTEP UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS ;EREN IŞMAN-GAZİANTEP UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS ;KADIR MERT KAYALI -GAZİANTEP UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS ;MEHMET ATA CEBE-MUSTAFA KEMAL UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY

Title: EFFECTS OF BLOOD AND HAEMOSTATIC AGENTS CONTAMINATION ON SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF BRACKETS



Aim: Aim of this study was to determine the effects of blood contamination and haemostatic agents on the shear bond strength of brackets and bond failure. Materials and Methods: The study material consisted of 55 freshly extracted human premolar and randomly divided into 4 groups, Group 1 control group (n:14); Group 2, contamination with blood (n:13); Group 3, contamination with ephinephrine (n:14) and Group 4, contamination with Ankaferd Blood Stopper (ABS) (n:14). Metal brackets for upper first premolars were bonded to the teeth with Transbond XT to all teeth. After the bracket bonding procedure, and then thermal cycled in deionized water at 5 ± 2 C to 55 ±2 C for 500 cycles. SBS was applied using a universal test machine. Levene statistic test was performed for homogenity of variances(0,05≥ p). The Kruskal-Wallis statistical test was used to determine significant differences in SBS between the four groups. And Mann Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction was used to compare the subgroups . Results: Mean SBS results and standart deviations of the group 1, 2, 3 and 4 were 14.3321±6.4559, 2.1577±1.34, 7.9423±2.98 and 5.8105±1.95 MPa respectively. Ac-cording to Kruskal Wallis test significant differences were found among the groups (0,05≥ p). Also significant differences were recorded between groups with Mann Whitney U statistical test with Bonferroni correction(p=0,0083). Conclusions: Examples contaminated with blood showed a statistically significant lower in vitro SBS than those contaminated with ephineph-rine, ABS and control groups. Ephinephrine may be used on surgical exposed impacted teeth operation.


ORTHODONTICS

42ORHAN HAKKI KARATAS

MALATYA-Turkey

Institute: INONU UNIVERSITY


Author: ORHAN HAKKI KARATAS-INONU UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;FIRAT OZTURK-INONU UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;SEDAT ALTINDIS-INONU UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;EYUP BURAK KUCUK-INONU UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;-

Title: BONE AGE ASSESSMENT: EVALUATION OF THE GREULICH–PYLE METHOD IN SOUTH-ERN TURKISH CHILDREN



BACKGROUND: Bone age (BA) determination in skeletally immature children has been used as a measurement of growth for many years. It is also a frequently used diagnostic tool for the evaluation of endocrine, orthopedic, genetic, to monitor response to medical therapy. The Greulich-Pyle (G&P) method of estimating BA is most commonly used method was compiled from research conducted on white children in the USA, during the 1930s. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of G&P in BA determination of southern Turkish chil-dren. METHODS AND MATERIALS: In this study, hand-wrist radiographs of 414 Caucasian southern Turkish children of known chronological age (CA) and gender were selected, 225 were girls and 189 were boys, and their ages ranged from 9 to 17 years. The radiographs of the children were randomly selected from the individuals attending the Department of Ortho-dontics, the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Inonu (Turkey). Descriptive statistics were obtained by calculating of the CA and BA for boys and girls, according to the standards of G&P, and were compared among all patients. Statistical analysis was performed with Wil-coxon signed rank test. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Overall CA was 1.02 year less than BA. The total mean differences between CA and BA for girls and boys were found to be 0.90 and 1.20 years, respectively. Especially, the most difference between BA and CA became largest in 13 to 15 years. There were significant differences between BA and CA in all age groups for girls and boys.


ORTHODONTICS

66EKREM ÇITAKU

PRISHTINA-Serbia

Institute: MAGIC DENT, PRISHTINA

Specialty: ORTHODONTIST

Author: EKREM ÇITAKU-MAGIC DENT, PRISHTINA;EMIRE ÇITAKU-MAGIC DENT, PRISHTINA;MINIRE ÇITAKU-QKUK;BURAK SHABANI-SKOPJE;ENGLANTINA LUPÇI-MAGIC DENT, PRISHTINA

Title: CLASS II/1 MALOOCLUSION WITH TRAUMATIC DEEP BITE - RESULTS OF ORTHODON-TIC TREATMENT



Aim The aim of this presentation is to describe the results of orthodontic treatment of class II/1 malooclusion with traumatic deep bite. Materials and methods: Patient: 19 years old female asked to correct proclined upper anterior teeth. Extra oral examination revealed an asymmetric face, convex profile, short upper lip, incompetent lips and breathing with mouth. Intraoral examination revealed permanent dentition, proclined maxillary incisors, over jet 15 mm, anterior traumatic deep bite 7 mm Patient: 15 years old female came to our clinic with the complaint that her smile is anaesthetic Extra oral examination revealed a short upper lip, incompetent lips, convex profile and breathing through the mouth. Intraoral examination re-vealed permanent dentition, proclined maxillary incisors, over jet 10 mm, anterior deep bite 6 mm Treatment: In both patients we did the teeth extractions. We applied active mobile appli-ances and fixed appliances. In final phase we applied appliances for retention. Results Both patients were treated actively during two years. Results of an adequate treatment in the pa-tient N.N. 19 years old: over-jet reduced from 15 mm to 2 mm, over bite 3 mm. Results of an adequate treatment in the patient N.N. 15 years old: over-jet reduced from 10 mm to 3 mm, over bite 2 mm. After the correction of the class II/1 malocclusion the lips of the patient are competent and breathing is through nose. Conclusion Class II/1 malooclusion with traumatic deep bite could be complex to correct and retain if not treated properly and at the right time


ORTHODONTICS

84AMILA VUJACIC

BEOGRAD-Serbia

Institute: UNIVERSITY OF PRISTINA,MEDICAL FACULTY IN KOSOVSKA MITROVICA

Author: AMILA VUJAČIĆ-UNIVERSITY OF PRIŠTINA, MEDICAL FACULTY KOSOVSKA MITROVICA;ALEKSANDRA KONIĆ-INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH, UNIVER-SITY OF BELGRADE;JASNA PAVLOVIĆ-UNIVERSITY OF PRIŠTINA, MEDICAL FACULTY KOSOVSKA MITROVICA;NADEŽDA MILOŠEVIĆ-JOVČIĆ-INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH, UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE;VLADANKA VUKICEVIC-UNIVERSITY OF PRIŠTINA, MEDICAL FACULTY KOSOVSKA MITROVICA

Title: CYTOKINES IL-1b AND TNF-Α IN GINGIVAL CREVICULAR FLUID DURING ORTHODON-TIC TREATMENT



Objectives: The early phase of orthodontic tooth movement is characterized by an inflamma-tory response, and various proinflammatory cytokines have been suggested to play a role in it. We examined the expression of IL-1b and TNF-α cytokines in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in children and adults, during the orthodontic treatment. Methods: The subjects were 10 children (mean age 13 years) and 10 adults (mean age 20 years), undergoing orthodontic movement of a single tooth, with untreated antagonistic tooth used as the control. GCF was sampled at the control and treatment sites before, 24, 72, and 168 hours after initiation of orthodontic treatment. Cytokines levels in GCF were determined using enzyme-linked im-munosorbent assay kits. Results: GCF levels of IL-1b and TNF-α for the treated teeth were higher than for the control teeth, with marked fluctuations throughout the period examined, both in children and adults. In children, there was a correlation between the cytokine levels and the average velocity of tooth movement. Conclusion: IL-1b and TNF-α were increasingly expressed during initial phase of orthodontic treatment, both in children and adults, but the effects of enhanced cytokines production on tooth displacement were not the same in two groups.


ORTHODONTICS

111RABIA MERVE CELIK

KONYA-Turkey Specialty: ORTHODONTICS

Author: RABIA MERVE CELIK-SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;MEHMET AKIN-SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;ZEHRA ILERI-SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS

Title: EFFECTS OF ACTIVATOR AND TWINBLOCK THERAPIES ON OROFACIAL AIRWAY IN CLASS II PATIENTS



Background: The aim of this study was to compare the changes in sagittal orofacial airway dimensions of class II patients treated with activator and twinblock appliances. Methods and materials: The activator group comprised of 25 patients (11 male , 14 female, mean age;12.08±0.70) , the twinblock group comprised of 25 patients (12 male, 13 female, mean age;12.18±0.58). All patients were carried these appliances between 1-1,5 years. Pre-treat-ment and post-treatment cephalometric records were determined from all patients. For statis-tical comparisons, paired samples t test and independed samples t test were used at the P < .05 level. Results: Compared within each starting group there were no significant differences. The activator group showed significant changes in the sagittal measurements of lower phar-ynx (LP) length (p< .05), adenoidal (p< .01), and total area (p< .05) of airway measurements during the treatment period but there were no significant changes in aerial area and upper pharynx (UP) length (p> .05). However, the twinblock group showed significant changes in all airway measurements during the treatment period (p< .05 for adenoidal area, aerial area and UP length; p< .01 for total area and LP length). There were also significant changes in the measurements of SNA, ANB, L1-NB(mm) and L1-NB(deg) in both groups. When com-pared two groups there was only significant change in the sagittal measurement of UP length (p< .05). Conclusions: Both of activator and twinblock therapies improved the mandibular advancement in class II patient. Also these procedures improve the orofacial airway dimen-sions, especially in twinblock therapy.


ORTHODONTICS

137ZELIHA MUGE BAKA

KONYA-Turkey

Institute: SELCUK UNIVERSITY


Author: MEHMET AKIN-SELCUK UNIVESITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;ZELIHA MUGE BAKA*-SELCUK UNIVESITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;ZEHRA ILERI-SELCUK UNIVESITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;FARUK AYHAN BASCIFTCI-SELCUK UNIVESITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS

Title: CAN DEMINERALIZED ENAMEL SURFACES BE BONDED SAFELY?



Background: To evaluate and compare the effects of enamel demineralization, microabrasion therapy, and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) application on the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded to enamel surfaces and enamel color. Methods and Materials: Eighty freshly extracted human maxillary premolar teeth were allocated to one of the four groups. Brackets were bonded directly to no deminer-alized enamel surfaces in Group I (control group), directly to the demineralized enamel sur-faces in Group II, to demineralized enamel surfaces after CPP-ACP application in Group III, and to demineralized enamel surfaces after microabrasion therapy in Group IV. The samples were stored in water for 24 h at 37°C and then underwent thermocycling. The SBS in mega-pascals (MPa) was determined by a shear test with 1 mm/min crosshead speed and failure types were classified with modified adhesive remnant index scores. The data were analyzed with one-way analyses of variance (ANOVA), Tukey, and chi-square tests at the α=0.05 level. Results: Significant differences were found among the four groups (F = 21.57, P<.01). No significant difference was found between group I and group III (17.12 ± 2.84 and 15.08 ± 3.42 MPa respectively) or between group III and group IV (12.82 ± 2.64 MPa). The lowest SBS value was determined in group II (5.88 ± 2.12 MPa). Enamel demineralization, microabrasion therapy, and CPP-ACP application affected enamel color significantly. Conclusion: CPP-ACP application and microabrasion therapy are able to increase the decreased SBS of orthodontic brackets because of enamel demineralization.


ORTHODONTICS

149MEHMET ALİ YAVAN GAZİANTEP-Turkey

Institute: GAZİANTEP ÜNİVERSİTESİ

Specialty: RESEARCH ASİSSTANT

Author: TOLGA TOPÇUOĞLU-GAZİANTEP UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS ;RIDVAN OKŞAYAN-GAZİANTEP UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS ;MEHMET ALİ YAVAN-GAZİANTEP UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS ;ALİ MURAT AKTAN-GAZİANTEP UNIVERSITY,DENTISTRY FACULTY, DEPARTMENT OF MAXİLLOFACİAL RADİOLOGY

Title: EVALUATION OF ENAMEL DEMINERALIZATION AROUND THE MOLAR BANDS AFTER ER-YAG LASER IRRADIATION AND FLUORIDE APPLICATION



ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of a fluoridated agent and ER-YAG irradiation, alone or in combination on enamel resistance of molars against demineralization. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty sound molars were selected for the study and divided into six groups: G1, untreated (control); G2, acidic phos-phate fluoride (APF) for 4 min; G3, 0.50 W Er-YAG laser (0.50 W, 10 Hz, 50 mj); G4, 0.50 W Er-YAG laser (0.50 W, 10 Hz, 50 mj) + APF; G5, 0,75 W Er-YAG laser (0.75 W, 10 Hz, 75mj); G6, 0,75 W Er-YAG laser (0.75 W, 10 Hz, 75mj) + APF. Bands were bonded to molars and demineralization values were measured before and after treatment from the gingival aspects of the bands with DIAGNOdent from buccal and palatinal parts. All groups were subjected to 5 days ph-cycling (6 hours demineralization and 17.5 hour mineralizing solution) to produce artificial caries like lesions. Data were tested by Wilcoxon test (p<0.05). RESULTS Only G4 demonstrated significant remineralization on buccal parts, compared to initial measurements (p<0.05). Other groups did not reveal significant changes in mineralization values (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS It seems that laser and a fluoridated agent application has most protective role on enamel against demineralization.


ORTHODONTICS

152HATICE KUBRA DEMIRTAS KONYA-Turkey

Author: HATICE KUBRA DEMIRTAS-SELCUK UNIVERCITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DE-PARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;MEHMET AKIN-SELCUK UNIVERCITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;ZEHRA ILERI-SELCUK UNIVERCITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;FARUK AYHAN BASCIFT-CI-SELCUK UNIVERCITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS

Title: SHEAR-BOND-STRENGTH OF ORTHODONTIC BRACKETS TO AGED NANO-HIBRID COMPOSITE-RESIN SURFACES USING DIFFERENT SURFACE PREPARATION



Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different surface preparation methods on the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic metal brackets to aged composite resin surfaces in vitro. Methods and Materials: One hundred nano-hibrid composite resin-discs (Z550) 6mm in diameter and 3mm in height were prepared and randomly divided to five surface treatment groups. Group-I, control; Group-II, 37% phosphoric acid gel; Group-III, sandblasting; Group-IV, diamond bur; Group-V, air-flow. The metal brackets were bonded us-ing light-cure orthodontic adhesive onto aged composite surfaces. All specimens were stored in water for 1 day at 37°C and then thermocycled (5000 cycles, 5–55°C) prior to SBS testing. The SBS values were determined by a shear test with 0.5 mm/min crosshead speed in mega-pascals (MPa) and failure types were classified with adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores. The data were analyzed with one-way analyses of variance, post-hoc Tukey, and chi-square tests at the α=.05 level. Results: Analysis of variance showed a significant difference (F = 69.420, P<.001) between the groups. No significant difference was found between Group I (3.7±1.6 MPa) and Group II (4.6±1.4 MPa) and the lower SBS values were determined in two groups. However, significantly higher SBS value was recorded for the sandblasting group (12.9±2.1 MPa). The analysis of chi-square test of ARI scores revealed significant differences among five groups tested (chi-square= 126.035, P<.001). Conclusions: The sandblasting sur-face treatment is recommended as a safe and effective method of bonding orthodontic metal brackets to nano-hibrid composite resin surfaces.


ORTHODONTICS

153YASIN ERDEM AKGUL

KONYA-Turkey

Author: MEHMET AKIN -SELCUK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;YASIN ERDEM AKGUL -SELCUK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;ZELIHA MUGE BAKA-SELCUK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS

Title: MANDIBULAR ASYMMETRY IN SUBJECTS WITH UNILATERAL MANDIBULAR THIRD MOLAR AGENESIS



Background: To evaluate the mandibular vertical asymmetry in a group of adult subjects with unilateral mandibular third molar agenesis. Methods and Materials: Mandibular asym-metry measurements (condylar, ramal, condylar-plus-ramal and gonial angle index) were performed on the panoramic radiographs of 120 subjects (48 male and 72 female). The study comprised three equal groups. Group I consisted of 40 subjects who had both mandibular third molar teeth (17 male and 23 female, mean age 21,87±1.91 years), Group II consisted of 40 subjects who had only one side mandibular third molar tooth (13 male and 27 female, mean age 22,03±1.95 years) and Group III consisted of 40 subjects (18 male and 22 female, mean age 21,95±2,32 years) with a normal occlusion. Side comparisons were analyzed with independent samples t-test, and the intergroup comparisons were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) test at the P<.05 level. Results: According to side comparisons, there were no significant differences for all measurements in all groups. No gender-related difference was found for any of the asymmetry indices in all groups. Comparison of condylar, ramal, and condylar-plus-ramal and gonial angle asymmetry index values showed no significant dif-ferences between groups. (P>.05). Condylar asymmetry index values were higher than 3% threshold value in all groups. Conclusions: Subjects with unilateral mandibular third molar agenesis do not have more asymmetrical condyles than subject have both mandibular third molar teeth and bilateral mandibular third molar agenesis according to Habbet’s mandibular asymmetry indices.


ORTHODONTICS

154OMER POLAT

KONYA-Turkey

Author: MEHMET AKIN-SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;OMER POLAT-SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DE-PARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;ZEHRA ILERI-SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;FARUK AYHAN BASCIFTCI-SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS

Title: EFFECTS OF ACTIVATOR AND TWIN BLOCK ON FACIAL SOFT TISSUE THICKNESS IN CLASS II-DIVISION 1



Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of activator and twin block appliances on the soft tissue thickness in Class II-Div. 1. Methods and Materi-als: Soft tissue thickness measurements were obtained from standardized lateral and poste-rioanterior cephalograms taken at the beginning and end of appliances used. Patients were consisting three different groups. The control group (Group I) comprised of 30 patients (13 male, 17 female, mean age; 12.15±0.61). Activator group (Group II) comprised of 30 patients (12 male, 18 female, mean age; 12.15±0.68), twin block group (Group III) comprised of 30 patients (14 male, 16 female, mean age; 12.10±0.62). In the present study, 12 linear anthro-pological points were measured. Intragroup comparisons were analyzed with paired samples t-test, and for the intergroup comparison, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey tests were used at the P< .05 level. Results: According to the intragroup comparison there were significant differences in groups II and III in skeletal measurements SNB, ANB, L1-NB, UL-E Plane, LL-E Plane and in soft tissue thickness measurements labrale, superius, stomion, labiomentale, pogonion, gnathion were found significantly different (P<.05). When the treat-ment changes compared between the groups there were no significant differences between groups II and III. However between groups I and II or III showed significant differences in the measurement of SNB, ANB, L1-NB, UL-E Plane, LL-E Plane and labiomentale soft tissue thickness. Conclusions: Both of activator and twin block therapies improved the mandibular advancement in Class II patients and affected soft tissue thickness.


ORTHODONTICS

155SINEM BAYRAM

KONYA-Turkey

Author: SINEM BAYRAM-SELCUK UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;FARUK AYHAN BASCIFTCI-SELCUK UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS

Title: MANDIBULAR PROGNATHISM AND GENETIC TRANSITION IN TURKISH FAMILIES



Background: Mandibular prognathism(MP), defined as difference in the size, and relation-ship of maxilla and mandible, is the most serious anomaly in the practice of orthodontics. The incidence of MP vary among different populations and it is highest in Asian populations (15-23%) and lowest in Caucasian populations (0.48-4%). Genetic and environmental fac-tors are suggested in the etiology of MP, but the contribution of these factors is not known. Methods and Materials: To clear the effect of genetic factors on mandibular prognathism, we created pedigree charts of 101 subjects with severe skeletal Class III mandibular progna-thism who planned to undergo or had undergone orthognathic surgery. 3 generations of each mandibular prognathic patient’s family was assessed on pedigree charts. The relatives of the probands were evaluated with photos and a detailed interview to confirm the prognathic phe-notype. Results: The average ANB, SNA, and SNB angles in the probands were -3.1°, 80.1°, and 83.2°, respectively. A total of 1847 family members were examined, and 12.7% had MP. Men were slightly more affected than women. 90% of families had at least 1 member other than the proband with MP. The affected ratio(AR) of first-degree relatives and second degree-relatives were 20% and 7.3%, respectively. The AR of fathers of probands (25.7%) was more than twice that of mothers of pronbands (9.9%) and siblings showed 17.8% AR. Also Falcon-er’s heritability was calculated in first-degree relatives. Conclusion: A high frequency of man-dibular prognathism was seen in families of skeletal Class III patients, suggesting a genetic transition.


ORTHODONTICS

201MELIHA OSMAN

KONYA-Turkey

Institute: SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS


Author: ZEHRA ILERI-SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;MELIHA OSMAN-SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;MEHMET AKIN-SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;FARUK AYHAN BASCIFTCI-SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS

Title: COMPARISON THE OUTCOMES OF SPACE OPENING AND CLOSURE PROTOCOLS IN PATIENTS WITH MISSING UPPER LATERALS



Background: The aim of this retrospective study was to compare treatment outcomes of space closure and space opening protocols in patients with missing upper lateral incisors using peer assessment rating (PAR) index. Methods and Materials: The sample consisted of 40 subjects with missing upper lateral incisors. The sample was separated into two groups according to treatment protocol. First group (LSC group) involved 20 subjects (16 girls, 4 boys) with the mean age 19.96±2.61 treated with closing space of missing lateral. Second group (LSO group) involved 20 subjects (14 girls, 6 boys) with the mean age 14.38±3.41 treated with opening space of missing teeth. PAR index was applied to a patient’s pre-treat-ment and post-treatment dental casts. Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis. Results: For the LSC group pre- and post-treatment PAR scores and the percentage of PAR reduction were 22.20±9.38, 3.20±2.21, and 82.32±14.43, respectively. For the LSO group pre- and post-treatment PAR scores and the percentage of PAR reduction were 23.10±9.73, 2.80±3.57, and 83.47±23.35, respectively. There was no significant difference seen between two groups (p>0.05) for pre- and post-treatment PAR scores, and the percentage of PAR reduction. Conclusion: Using the PAR as an index to assess treatment outcome, orthodontic treatment with lateral space closure has a similar treatment result with lateral space opening protocol in the patients had missing upper lateral incisors.


ORTHODONTICS

205SIBEL AKBULUT KAYSERI-Turkey


Author: SIBEL AKBULUT-ERCIYES UNIVERCITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS,;ABDULLAH EKIZER-ERCIYES UNIVERCITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS.;FARUK IZZET UCAR-ERCIYES UNI-VERCITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;TANCAN UYSAL-IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS

Title: EFFECT OF BMP-2 ON ORTHOPEDICALLY EXPANDED SUTURE IN RATS



The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate histomorphometrically the effects of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) on bone formation in response to expansion of the inter-premaxillary suture in rats. Eighteen male, 50- to 60-day-old Wistar rats were divided into two equal groups (control and experimental). Both groups were subjected to expansion for 5 days, and 50 cN of force was applied to the maxillary incisors with helical spring. Experimen-tal group was treated with single-dose BMP-2 100 µlt) in the mid-palatal suture locally and nine control animals received physiologic saline solution. Bone formation in the sutural area was histomorphometrically evaluated, including the amount of new bone formation (in square micrometers), number of osteoblasts, number of osteoclasts, and number of vessels. Wil-coxon signed ranks test was used for statistical evaluation. Significant differences were found between groups for all investigated histomorphometric parameters. New bone formation area (p = 0.008, 0.76-fold), number of osteoblasts (p = 0.008, 0.51-fold), number of osteoclasts (p = 0.027, 0.76-fold), and number of vessels (p = 0.007, 0.70-fold) showed higher values in the experimental group than the control. Bone histomorphometric measurements revealed that bone architecture in the BMP-2 group was improved. BMP-2 has positive effects on early phase of bone regeneration in the premaxillary suture in response to expansion and may be beneficial in routine maxillary expansion procedures.


ORTHODONTICS

240 SEHER YEŞILDAL GAZİANTEP-Turkey

Institute: GAZİANTEP UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT


Author: ORAL SÖKÜCÜ-GAZİANTEP UNİVERSİTY,DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;SEHER YEŞİLDAL-GAZİANTEP UNİVERSİTY,DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;RIDVAN OKŞAYAN-GAZİANTEP UNİVERSİTY,DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;İRFAN ŞİMŞEK-GAZİANTEP UNİVERSİTY,DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: DOES SEATING FORCE EFFECT THE SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF BRACKETS?



Aim: The purpose of this study was to observe two different seating forces on conventional and self-ligating brackets by using shear bond strength(SBS). Materials and Methods: The study material consisted of 48 human premolar extracted recently and was divided into 4 groups: Group 1, conventional bracket (Master series, AO) group, 100 gr seating force ap-plied; Group 2, conventional bracket (Master series, AO) group, 200 gr seating force applied; Group 3, self ligating bracket (Empower,AO) group, 100 gr seating force applied, and Group 4, self ligating bracket (Empower,AO) group, 200gr seating force applied . All teeth were bonded with Transbond XT by the same researcher. After bonding procedure, all teeth were stored in deionized water at 37˚C for 30 days, and then they were thermal cycled in deionized water at 5 ± 2˚C to 55 ±2˚C for 1000 cycles. Universal test machine was used to get SBS records. The Kruskal-Wallis statistical test was used to determine significant differences in SBS between the four groups, and Mann Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction was used to compare subgroups. Results Significant differences were recorded between self ligating groups and conventional bracket groups with Mann Whitney U statistical test. Also the seat-ing forces did not show any differences among the groups. Conclusion Both seating forces showed acceptable SBS results on conventional and self ligating bracket systems. Also the conventional system has higher SBS values.


ORTHODONTICS

285BILJANA DZIPUNOVA




Author: BILJANA DZIPUNOVA-DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;NATASHA TOSESKA SPASOVA-DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;VERA RADOJKOVA NIKOLOVSKA-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL PATOLOGY AND PERIODONTOLOGY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;MARINA KACARSKA-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;MAJA GJOREVSKA-DE-PARTMENT OF ORAL SURGERY,STOMATOLOGICAL CLINICAL CENTER

Title: ORTHODONTIC – SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF IMPACTED CANINES



Impacted teeth are frequent and common complain. After third molars, canines are the most commonly impacted permanent teeth (maxillary with 14,7% and mandibular with 1,01% frequency). In 90% they are unilateral, and palatal location is more frequent than buccal. The causes related with canine impactions are usually the results of any or combination of genet-ics, long path of eruption, tooth size-arch length discrepancies, early loss of the deciduous canine, absence of maxillary lateral incisor, hipernumerary teeth, dilacerations of the root, an-kylosys, alveolar cleft, cystic or neoplastic formation. The first examination should be the or-thopantomography because it give us the most information. Various radiographic exposures, oclusal films, panoramic views, lateral cephalograms, periapical films and tomography can be used. There are several treatment options: surgical exposure and orthodontic treatment to disimpact the canine and align it in the arch; or extraction of the impacted canine and close the residualy space. The aim of the study is to present the contemporary approach as well as the interdisciplinary management of impacted canines in upper or in both jaws, by three cases with two, three or four impacted canines. Conclusion: It is necessary to establish a diagnostic and therapeutic protocol and complete cooperation between many disciplines, for the successful rehabilitation of patients with difficult orthodontic anomalies. Completing the orthodontic therapy is not the end of the treatment. An appropriate periodontal status must be achieved for successful surgical and orthodontic therapy results of the impacted canines.


ORTHODONTICS

306MIROSLAVA DINKOVA

SOFIA-Bulgaria

Institute: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOFIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS


Author: MIROSLAVA MILETI DINKOVA DDS-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOFIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;NIKOLETA IVANOVA*-5TH YEAR STUDENT IN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOFIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE

Title: TREATMENT OF CROWDED LOWER FRONTAL TEETH WITH CLEAR ALIGNER (CA) SYSTEM



Abstract of paper:Background: Crowding of lower frontal teeth in adults is a prevalent prob-lem as a result of physiological development or some existing malloclusion. CA system uses series of invisible, individualized, removable orthodontic appliances – aligners, which provide effective teeth movement by applying light forces. The aim of this report is to present the pos-sibilities of CA system for treatment of crowded lower frontal teeth. Materials and methods: For correction of crowded lower frontal teeth, CA system was applied in 10 patients between the ages of 21 – 60. 50% of patients had mild crowding up to 3mm and 50% had moderate crowding up to 6 mm. Aligners should be worn 18-20 daily and must be removed only for eating, drinking and brushing. Treatment duration and number of aligners for every patient were followed up. For space providing, an approximal enamel reduction (AER) was applied. Results: Results demonstrated leveling and alignment of teeth arches. Correction of mild crowding cases was achieved with 2 - 5 steps CA. In cases with moderate crowding number of steps became 7-8 and AER was performed. Duration of treatment was in correlation with number of the teeth needed movement, degree of teeth’s deviation and total time of wearing the aligner per day. Conclusion: CA system is effective, aesthetic, comfortable, compatible with social and professional life, does not affect the speech, is practically painless, with easy and effective mechanics, reduced chair-time, good cost/benefit correlation and also can be used in patients with mouth breathing and sleep apnea.


ORTHODONTICS

331IVAN BACHVAROV

VARNA-Bulgaria

Institute: MU,FDM,DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETICS AND ORTHODONTICS

Author: IVAN BACHVAROV*-MU,FDM,DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETICS AND ORTHODONTICS;HRISTINA ARNAOUTSKA-MU,FDM,DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETICS AND ORTHODONTICS

Title: INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH IN THE TREATMENT OF ADULT PATIENTS



Interdisciplinary approach in the treatment of adult patients I. Bachvarov, Hr. Arnautska (Clini-cal case report) In many adult patients neither the orthodontic nor the prosthetic treatment alone can guarantee satisfactory results. In such cases orthodontics usually complements the broader restorative treatment plan. The goal is to improve the existing conditions and to provide better restorative treatment. Aim: the case report shows how an interdisciplinary ap-proach (involving an orthodontist and a prosthodontist) has been applied in the treatment of adult patients, so that more stable, healthy and aesthetic results can be achieved. Methods and materials: Ormco lingual (STB) and Inspire Ice braces, Takemoto & Skouzo’s indirect bonding technique, IPS e.max all-ceramic system, CAD/CAM technology. Case report: a 50-year old woman; duration of the treatment: 17 months. Dental and skeletal class I malocclu-sion, moderate crowding in both arches; missing teeth 44, 45 and 47; temporary dentures on teeth 15, 43, 46, 36 and 37. Treatment plan: 1. Orthodontic approach: levelling and aligning the teeth on both arches and optimising the occlusion; retention phase. 2. Prosthetic ap-proach: final restoration with all-ceramic crowns and a bridge made with CAD/CAM technolo-gy. Results: At the end of the orthodontic treatment the teeth were better levelled and aligned, leading to a more aesthetical look. The adjunctive treatment was instrumental in facilitating a more successful prosthetic treatment. Conclusion: Although the adjunctive orthodontic treat-ment has little to do with Angle\’s concept of an ideal occlusion, it can provide excellent re-sults when applied in conjunction with prosthetics.


ORTHODONTICS

345IRIS CACANI

TIRANA-Albania

Institute: PRIVATE CLINIC


Author: CACANI IRIS-PRIVATE CLINIC;MULO VIRGJINI-DENTAL UNIVERSITY, TIRANA;VRIONI JAKUP-DENTAL UNIVERSITY, TIRANA;VJESHTA ANILA-PRIVATE CLINIC

Title: TREATMENT OF IMPACTED CANINES WITH ORTHODONTIC FIX APPLIANCES



The aim of this paper is to show that the treatment of impacted canines is best improved through the use of fix appliances.This appliance may be used even in adult patients. Method: the examined group consisted of people diagnosed with impacted canines in private clinic. The diagnosis was established based on clinical and radiographic eexaminations. The treat-ment depends on the type of dental anomaly, Angle class, so the orthodontic treatment fulfill its primary function:repairing of dental anomaly. in some cases the use of the surgeon help is needed to open a window on the tooth inside the bone, so to replace it through elastic forces. Meanwile, braces have made room for the tooth. Results:the treatment of dental anomaly was fulfilled in a short time, because of the use of fixed appliances. Conclusions: the patients were satysfied with the results and the esthetic appearance was improved.


ORTHODONTICS

354NATASA TOSESKA-SPASOVA


Institute: UNIVERSITY ‘SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS’, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS

Author: NATASA TOSESKA-SPASOVA*-UNIVERSITY ‘SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS’, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS ;BILJANA DZIPUNOVA-UNIVERSITY ‘SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS’, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHO-DONTICS ;LJUBA SIMJANOVSKA-UNIVERSITY ‘SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS’, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL SURGERY ;JULIJANA GJORGOVA-UNIVERSI-TY ‘SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS’, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHO-DONTICS ;ZORAN SPASOV-PRIVATE PRACTICE, S&S, SKOPJE

Title: DYSOSTOSIS CLEIDOCRANIALIS (CLEIDOCRANIAL DYSPLASIA): A CASE REPORT



Background: Dysostosis cleidocranialis or Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a rare congenital defect of autosomal dominant inheritance caused by mutations in the Cbfa1 gene, (Runx2), located on the short arm of chromosome 6. It primarily affects bones which undergo intra-membranous ossification. CCD is a skeletal dysplasia characterized by delayed closure of the cranial sutures, hypoplastic or aplastic clavicles, short stature, a variety of skeletal/orthopedic changes, craniofacial, stomatognathic and multiple dental abnormalities, includ-ing delayed exfoliation of primary dentition, failed eruption of permanent teeth, and multiple supernumerary teeth. Case presentation: A 12-year normal intellect girl, presented with a chief complaint of delayed eruption of the permanent teeth. She was subsequently diagnosed with CCD based on the clinical examination and radiological investigation. No positive fam-ily history was elicited. The girl was with short stature, brachycephalic skull, frontal bossing, depressed frontal and parietal bones. She had elongated triangled face with midfacial hypo-plasia, depressed nasal bridge with hypertelorism, hypoplastic maxilla with high vault palate. She had hypoplastic clavicle, narrow, sloping shoulders that can be easily apposed, cone-shaped thorax, infundibuliformis. Radiological dental findings showed prolonged retention of deciduous dentition and delayed eruption of permanent teeth, supernumerary teeth, under-developed condyles, and mandibular prognathism. Conclusion: Knowledge of the pathogen-esis, clinical characteristics, and diagnostic tools of CCD will enable clinicians to render the appropriate treatment to improve function and aesthetics. Early diagnosis of CCD is crucial for timely initiation of an appropriate treatment approach. A multidisciplinary approach is re-quired, comprising pediatric, orthodontic, surgical and pedodontic teams for management.


ORTHODONTICS

356 ZELIHA MUGE BAKA

KONYA-Turkey

Institute: SELCUK UNIVERSITY


Author: ZELIHA MUGE BAKA*-SELCUK UNIVESITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;FARUK AYHAN BASCIFTCI-SELCUK UNIVESITY, FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;UGUR ARSLAN-SELCUK UNIVESITY, FAC-ULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY

Title: EFFECTS OF TWO DIFFERENT BRACKET AND LIGATION TYPES ON DENTAL PLAQUE RETENTION AND MICROBIAL FLORA



Background: To evaluate the effects of self-ligating brackets and conventional brackets li-gated with stainless steel ligatures on dental plaque retention and microbial flora. Methods and Materials: Twenty male patients (mean age, 14.17±1.49 years) underwent bonding with self-ligating bracket systems and conventional standard edgewise bracket systems ligated with stainless steel ligatures using a split-mouth design. Clinical measurements, including plaque index(PI), probing pocket depth(PPD), and bleeding on probing(BOP), were obtained at baseline(T0), 1 week after bonding(T1), and 3 months after bonding(T2). Supragingival plaque samples were obtained at T0 and T2 for the detection of bacteria. A quantitative anal-ysis for Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus casei, and Lactobacil-lus acidophilus was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR). The Mann-Whitney U test and Hotelling’s T2 multivariate test were used for statistical comparison of the groups. Results: The numbers of S mutans, S sobrinus, L casei, and L acidophilus were not statistically different between self-ligating brackets and conventional brackets ligated with stainless steel ligatures (P>0.05). The 2 archwire ligation techniques showed no statistically significant difference in PI, BOP, and PPD of the bonded teeth (P>0.05). All clinical parame-ters and the numbers of all microorganisms showed statistically significant increases from T0 to T2 in both groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: Self-ligating brackets and conventional brackets ligated with stainless steel ligatures do not differ from each other with regard to dental plaque retention. In terms of hygiene, both of the archwire ligation techniques can be used safely; however, self-ligating brackets can be better tolerated than conventional brackets ligated with stainless steel ligatures by patients.


ORTHODONTICS

411ALBENA RESHITAJ

PRISHTINA-Serbia

Institute: UNIVERSITY OF PRISHTINA, MEDICAL FACULTY


Author: ALBENA RESHITAJ- UP, MEDICAL FACULTY, PRISTINA, KOSOVA;MILAIM SEJDINI-UP, MEDICAL FACULTY, PRISTINA, KOSOVA;SOKOL KRASNIQI-UP, MEDICAL FACULTY, PRISTINA, KOSOVA;NORA ALIU-UP, MEDICAL FACULTY, PRISTINA, KOSOVA;MIMOZA SELMANI-UP, MEDICAL FACULTY, PRISTINA, KOSOVA

Title: HYPODONTIA, ASSOCIATION WITH DIFFERENT DENTAL ANOMALIES IN THE PRISTINA REGION



PREVALENCE OF HYPODONTIA, CHARACTERISTICS AND ASSOCIATION WITH DIF-FERENT DENTAL ANOMALIES OF THE GROUP OF AGE 10-16 YEARS OLD IN THE PRIS-TINA REGION. Hypodontia, is one of the most common developmental anomalies in humans that can cause masticator dysfunction, speaking impact, create aesthetic problems , psycho-logical implications and need for orthodontic treatment and in some cases even prosthesis treatment. Aim: To determine the prevalence of hypodontia, characteristics, distribution and association with other dental anomalies. Methodology: In this study were included 606 prima-ry school students in the Pristina region. Clinical examinations were conducted using periapi-cal and panoramic radiographs, study models and intraoral photographs of all patients with hypodontia . Results: The prevalence of hypodontia was 2% from selected samples. There were no statistically significant differences between gender using Chi- square test with SPSS 15 (0099, p = 0.753). In our study the age of 11 years represents the highest frequency of the presence of hypodontia . Dental anomalies are associated with hypodontia, microdontia, supraposition , rotation, inclination, cross bite. Conclusion: The importance of prevalence findings of hypodontia , association with other dental anomalies would be helpful in the early determination of this anomaly and prevention of subsequent implications as outcome.


ORTHODONTICS

418FARUK IZZET UÇAR

Turkey

Author: Dr. Faruk Izzet UÇARa, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sabri İlhan Ramoğlu , Privite practice, Bezmi Alem Vakif University, Faculty of Dentistry, Orthodontic department

Title: COMPARISION of DENTOSKELETAL STRUCTURES of POSTERIOR CROSS BITE and NON CROSS BITE PATIENTS in 3 DIMENSION with CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOG-RAPHY



Oral cavity is formed by balance between the genetic and epigenetic factors and relation-ships. Dentition is affected by an irregularity in this region and transversal discrepancy might occur. The purpose of this study was to evaluate palatal volume and palatal surface area, internasal width and airways and then compare these measurements in unilateral and bi-lateral cross bite and non cross bite patients. Within the scope of this retrospective archive, a clear vision of soft tissue and craniofacial structures observed in the 927 patients clearly meet the inclusion criteria, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 92 patients were selected. The unilateral cross bite group consisted of 30 patients (18 girls and 12 boys) with a mean age of 17.91 years, bilateral cross bite group 30 patients (17 girls and 13 boys) with a mean age of 17.1 years and non cross bite group 32 patients (18 girls and 14 boys) with a mean age of 17.58. On the CBCT images palatal volume, palatal surface area, inter-nasal width and nazophryngeal and orophryngeal airway volumes were measured and com-pare among the unilateral, bilateral cross bite and control groups. Independent sample t test was used to evaluate the all parameters comparisons in genders. One way variance analysis (ANOVA) was used to compare group’s differences. To detect the differences and multiple comparison post hoc LSD test was used. When the P value was less than 0.05, the statistical test was determined as significant. Intra group comparisons of groups dentoskeletal struc-tures were not affected by gender (p>0.05). According to the ANOVA, palatal volume, palatal surface area, internasal width and nasophryngeal airway volume measurements were af-fected by the cross bite (p<0.05). According to the multiple comparisons, it was found greater palatal volume and palatal surface areas were found in the control group. Lower nasophryn-geal airway volume was found in the bilateral cross bite group than the other groups statisti-cally.


PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

409ABU-HUSSEIN MUHAMAD ATHENS-Greece

Specialty: PEDIAATRIC DENTISTRY

Author: ABU-HUSSEIN MUHAMAD-UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS;AZZALDEEN ABDULGANI-AL -QUDS UNIVERSITY

Title: MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF DENTAL ARCH OF CHILDREN IN NORMAL OCCLUSION


Area of view: Paediatric Dentistry

AIM. This paper is an attempt to compare and analyze the various mathematical models for defining the dental arch curvature of children in normal occlusion based upon a review of available literature. Background. While various studies have touched upon ways to cure or prevent dental diseases and upon surgical ways for teeth reconstitution to correct teeth anomalies during childhood, a substantial literature also exists, attempting to mathematically define the dental arch of children in normal occlusion. This paper reviews these dental stud-ies and compares them analytically. Method. The paper compares the different mathematical approaches, highlights the basic assumptions behind each model, underscores the relevancy and applicability of the same, and also lists applicable mathematical formulae. Results. Each model has been found applicable to specific research conditions, as a universal mathemati-cal model for describing the human dental arch still eludes satisfactory definition. The models necessarily need to include the features of the dental arch, such as shape, spacing between teeth and symmetry or asymmetry, but they also need substantial improvement. Conclusions. While the paper shows that the existing models are inadequate in properly defining the hu-man dental arch, it also acknowledges that future research based on modern imaging tech-niques and computeraided simulation could well succeed in deriving an allinclusive definition for the human dental curve till now eluding the experts. Keywords: Dental Arch, Mathematical Analysis, Normal Occlusion



3BARIŞ KARABULUT ISTANBUL-Turkey

Author: BARIŞ KARABULUT -GMMA HAYDARPASA EDUCATION HOSPITAL;ARZU ATAY-GMMA HAYDARPASA EDUCATION HOSPITAL

Title: DENTAL MANAGEMENT OF ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA: A CLINICAL CASE REPORT



Ectodermal dysplasia is the term to describe a group of disorder characterized by hypoplasia or aplasia of structures such as skin, hair, nails, teeth, nerve cells, sweat glands, parts of the eye, ear and other organs. Anadontia or hypodontia is the most striking dental manifestetion. The teeth are often abnormal in shape which may appear tapered, conical or pointed incisors. Molars might be observed in reduced size. The lack of tooth bud formation causes hypoplas-tic alveolar bone, leading to be reduced vertical dimension of occlusion. Therefore an old-age appearence is common in affected individuals. A five year old girl reported with the complaint of lack of teeth and inability to eat properly. Management of clinical manifestetions associate with ectodermal dyplasia presents a unique challenge for prosthodontists and pedodontists. Treatment of these patients with fillings, partial or complete dentures are an acceptable, available and cost effective modality which improves function, speech, esthetics and psycho-social condition.



73ANASTASIA DERMATA THESSALONIKI-Greece


Author: ANASTASIA DERMATA*-ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI;FREIDERIKI-PARASKEVI VLACHOU-ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI;ANNA MIGDI-ARIS-TOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI;ARISTIDIS ARHAKIS-ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI

Title: FACTORS AFFECTING THE RETENTION OF PIT AND FISSURE SEALANTS



FACTORS AFFECTING THE RETENTION OF PIT AND FISSURE SEALANTS BACK-GROUND: Tooth surfaces with pits and fissures are particularly vulnerable to caries develop-ment. Enamel forming pits and fissures does not receive the same level of caries protection from fluoride as does smooth surface enamel. Therefore there is a major need to protect the occlusal surfaces of the teeth from the caries process with the use of fissure sealants. PURPOSE: The purpose of this presentation is to study the literature regarding factors af-fecting the retention of fissure sealants like surface cleaning, isolation and etching. MATERI-ALS AND METHODS: A review of the literature on factors that affect the retention of pit and fissure sealants was carried out. Studies on tooth surface cleaning methods, isolation and etching are reviewed. RESULTS: The parameters that are important for fissure sealant reten-tion is the method of prophylaxis before sealant application, the moisture control, the use of etching gel or liquid as well as the etching time, washing and drying times. CONCLUSIONS: It has been agreed that for adequate retention of a sealant, it is necessary for the tooth to have a maximum surface and deep, irregular pits and fissures, to be clean and to be dry at the time the material is placed.



337ANA SOTIROVSKA IVKOVSKA



Specialty: PEDIATRIC DENTIST

Author: ANA SOTIROVSKA IVKOVSKA-FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY , UNIVERSITY ST. CIRILUS AND METHODIUS, CLINIC OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY;EFKA ZABO-KOVA BILBILOVA-FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY , UNIVERSITY ST. CIRILUS AND METH-ODIUS, CLINIC OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY;ZLATKO GEORGIEV-FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY , UNIVERSITY ST. CIRILUS AND METHODIUS, CLINIC OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY;LJUBE IVKOVSKI -FACULTY OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY ST.CIRILUS AND METHODIUS,DEPARTMENT OF HISTOPATHOLOGY AND CLINICAL CYTOLOGY, INSTITIUTE FOR RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY

Title: THE CARIES PROCESS AND ITS EFFECT ON THE DENTAL PULP



Dental caries is the most common cause of pulp disease, in which products of bacterial metabolism elicit an inflammatory and immunological reaction. The aim of the study is to investigate the dynamics of the development of inflammation in the dental pulp with develop-ment of carious lesions. We have analyzed 120 teeth with different stages of progression of the carious lesion. The condition of the pulp was classified into four groups according to the progression of the carious lesions from stages S1 (pulp with enamel caries) to S4 (exposed pulp). Sections from pulp tissues were stained with standard haematoxylin and eosin stain-ing (H&E). Pulp reactions to caries of the enamel are attracting a few scattered inflammatory cells of chronic inflammatory series (macrophages, plasma cells and lymphocytes). After the dentin has become involved by the carious process the numbers of chronic inflammatory cells increase slightly. As the decay comes closer to the pulp more and more macrophages, plasma cells and lymphocytes are found scattered through the pulp, especially subjacent to the region of the involved dentinal tubules. In a frank exposure at the site of exposure, pulp reacts with an infiltration of acute inflammatory cells and the chronic pulpitis then become acute. All these observations indicate that the processes occurring inside the caries lesion are deeply affecting the pulp tissue and the early treatment of the carious lesion will be the only biologically rational approach.



378 ELIF BAHAR TUNA-INCE ISTANBUL-Turkey

Institute: ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY


Author: ELIF BAHAR TUNA-INCE-ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPART-MENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;SILA YARDIMCI-ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY FAC-ULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;TUGCE TANYERI-ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;KORAY GENCAY-ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DE-PARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

Title: CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS OF THE AVULSED TOOTH: PRESENT STRATEGIES



Background: Traumatic injuries to the teeth are common among any facial trauma. Among all facial injuries, the incidence of complete avulsion ranges from 1-16% to the permanent denti-tion. Studies have demonstrated that replantation of avulsed teeth occurs most frequently between 1-4 hours after avulsion and in dry/inadequately wet storage. The aim of this report is to present two cases of delayed replantation in the light of present guidelines and discuss possible strategies for the treatment of the avulsed tooth.Case management: Two cases of accidentally avulsed anterior teeth are presented here. In case I, maxillary right central inci-sor was avulsed, extra-oral time was 60 min; the tooth was kept in milk and replanted. Root canal treatment was done 2 weeks later in one-visit using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). In case II, maxillary right and left central incisors and left lateral incisor were avulsed, extra-oral time was 7 hours; the tooth was kept in milk, replanted following fluoride application and treated by MTA.Results: In case I, six months follow-up showed the intact periodontal ligament and lack of resorption. In case II, root resorption was observed for left central tooth whilst other teeth revealed absence of resorption, ankylosis or mobility after one year follow-up. Conclusion: The goal in delayed replantation is to maintain alveolar bone contour. How-ever, certain precautions should be taken while planning the replantation procedure. Although healing process depends on an extra-oral period, a delayed replantation might be viable option if the tooth is preserved in appropriate storage medium.



379SEVIL BORBAY AKGUL

KONYA-Turkey

Author: BOTSALI MURAT SELIM-SELCUK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PEDODONTICS;OZCAN ERHAN-SELCUK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF ENDODONTICS;AKGUL BORBAY SEVIL -SELCUK UNIVERSITY FAC-ULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PEDODONTICS;YULA ERKAN -MUSTAFA KE-MAL UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY

Title: ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THREE PRIMARY ROOT CANAL SEALERS AGAINST EN-TERECOCCUS FAECALIS AND CANDIDA ALBICANS



Background: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of three primary root canal sealers (Metapaste, Metapex and Z.O.B.Seal) against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans. Methods and Materials: A direct contact test was performed to assess the antimicrobial activity of these sealers. A 10 μL bacteria or fungi in suspension was placed on the test materials that were freshly mixed. Bacteria and fungi were allowed to directly contact with the sealers for 1hour at 37 °C. Fresh media was then added and, sur-vival of bacteria and fungi was determined by using 10-fold serial dilution and inoculated onto agar plates. After incubation for 48 hours, colony-forming units (CFU) were calculated and converted their log10 values. The results were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: All of the tested sealers reduced the bacterial and fungal counts significantly (p>0.001). However none of the tested sealers demonstrated total inhi-bition of microbial counts. All sealers had similar microbial counts compared with the each other (p< 0.05). Conclusions: Metapaste, Metapex and Z.O.B.Seal sealers had similar level of antimicrobial effect against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans.



408 ARSLAN TERLEMEZ KONYA-Turkey

Specialty: ENDODONTİCS

Author: ARSLAN TERLEMEZ-SELCUK UNİVERSİTY, ENDODONTİCS;MUSTAFA ALTUNSOY-ŞİFA UNİVERSİTY, PEDİATRİC DENTİSTRY;HAKKI ÇELEBİ-SELCUK UNİVERSİTY, PROTHESİS

Title: DENTAL MANAGEMENT OF A CHILD WITH MOPD II SYNDROME



DENTAL MANAGEMENT OF A CHILD WITH MOPD II SYNDROME Introduction: Micro cephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II (MOPD II) is a unusual autosomal reces-sive inherited form of primordial dwarfism, characterized by head size at birth, but progress into severe microcephaly, progressive bony dysplasia, and characteristic faces and personal-ity. Case summary: We present the case of a 4 years old girl with MOPD II. The patient re-ferred to our clinic with the complaint of severely tooth pain. In the clinical examination, most of teeth have been decayed and there were hypoplastic teeth. Radiographic examination showed delayed dental development, rootless primary molar teeth and short-rooted incisors. The treatment was not possible due to rootless of primary molars; so the teeth were extract-ed. Conclusion: Dental evaluation of children with MOPD II is important for the prevention of dental problems and management of treatment.



412VASSILIOS TSANIDIS

KOMOTINI-Greece

Institute: PRIVATE DENTAL PRACTICE

Specialty: PEDODONTIST

Author: VASSILIOS TSANIDIS-PRIVATE DENTAL PRACTICE;NIKOLAOS TSANIDIS-6TH YEAR DENTAL STUDENT COMMENIUS UNIVERSITY BRATISLAVA SLOVAKIA;GEORGIOS TSIOGAS-PRIVATE DENTAL PRACTICE

Title: MANAGING NATAL AND NEONATAL TEETH. CASE REPORT



Natal and neonatal teeth is a phenomenon that dentists may face in their private practices and require immediate treatment or long – term evaluations. As natal teeth are defined those teeth that are present at birth and those that are emerge through the gingival the first couple of months of an infant’s life are defined as neonatal. A percentage of 90 to 95 over 100 of these teeth are normal primary teeth with a ratio natal teeth to neonatal being approximately 1:3. Because of its rare occurrence the phenomenon has been associated in history with su-perstition and folklore. Hormonal stimulation, hypovitaminosis, febrile systemic illness, pyelitis during pregnancy and congenital syphilis are among those causes that have been suggested for the occurrence of the phenomenon which is more common appeared in Jewish and Yugo-slavian people than in other ethic groups. A few syndromes have been also associated with natal teeth. The presence of natal or neonatal teeth is associated with all the “symptoms” of common teething, but for a mother who wishes to breast – feed her infant a retained natal teeth may brings more difficulties. Clinical cases observed in dental office will be presented analyzing individual treatment decisions and follow ups as fully developed treatment plans will be referred.



413VASSILIOS TSANIDIS KOMOTINI-Greece



Author: VASSILIOS TSANIDIS-PRIVATE DENTAL PRACTICE;NIKOLAOS TSANIDIS-6TH YEAR DENTAL STUDENT COMMENIUS UNIVERSITY BRATISLAVA SLOVAKIA;GEORGIOS TSIOGAS-PRIVATE DENTAL PRACTICE

Title: MANAGING DENTAL PATIENTS WITH EPIDERMOLYSIS BULLOSA SYNDROME



Patient treatment in private practice with oral abnormalities may include cases such as con-genital abnormalities of enamel, and require a treatment plan that takes under consideration the dental as well as the systemic condition of the patient. Various syndromes are connected with enamel hypoplasia. The syndrome “Epidermolysis Bullosa” includes several heredi-tary and nonhereditary vesicular disorders that affect the skin and, frequently oral and other mucosal sites. Present classifications of Epidermolysis bullosa are based primarily on the anatomic level at which the splitting that forms the vesicle occurs. Inheritance and clinical findings such as scarring are also considered to the classification. Epidermolysis bullosa is subdivided into four types. Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex, Atrophicans Generalisata Gravis, Dominant Dystrophic (Hypertrophic) Form and Scarring Epidermolysis Bullosa with Dermolyt-ic Blisters are the types that are mainly common among the pediatric dental patients who suf-fer from enamel hypoplasia. Patients diagnosed with Epidermolysis Bullosa along with enam-el hypoplasia often suffer from microstomia, ankyloglossia, tongue atrophy, elimination of buccal and vestibular sulci and perioral structure, extensive caries affecting mainly the moral teeth and problems with the epithelium tissue. Moreover scarring of the larynx may lead to stenosis with consequent dysphagia. Other changes include severe periodontal diseases with alveolar bone resorption, atroply of maxilla with resultant relative madibular prognathism, increased mandibular angle. Effort for the appropriate care of this kind of patients reassures dentistry as a mission and contributes highly to the their psychological support. Dental treat-ment plans will be presented through case reports.


PERIODONTOLOGY

160ANETA ATANASOVSKA STOJANOVSKA


Author: ANETA ATANASOVSKA STOJANOVSKA-UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTRE -SS PANTELEJMON SKOPJE; ANA MINOVSKA ETERNA DENT - SKOPJE

Title: THE USE OF SYSTEMIC ANTIBIOTICS IN TREATMENT OF PERIODONTAL DISEASE


Area of view: Periondontology

The use of systemic antibiotics in treatment of periodontal disease Aims: According to re-cent systematic reviews adjunctive antimicrobial therapy may be beneficial. To explore some of the controversies regarding the use of antibiotics in the management of aggressive and chronic periodontitis. To provide clear guidelines for the practical use of systemic antimicrobi-als in the treatment of periodontitis, based on the available scientific evidence. Objectives: The aim will be addressed through a series of questions; 1.Do standard therapies work and adjunctive use of antibiotics offer real advantages? 2. To discuss if antimicrobials should be used as adjuncts or as monotherapy 3. To select the ideal debridement approach when using systemic antimicrobials 4. To evaluate which patients will benefit from systemic antimicro-bial therapies. 5. To provide recommendations for the clinical practice, in terms of drugs and dosages. 6. To evaluate benefits and risks of different ways to implement antibiotic therapy in clinical protocols


PERIODONTOLOGY

293MAJA PANDILOVA


Institute: FACULTY OF DENTISTRY-SKOPJE

Specialty: PERIODONTOLOGY

Author: MAJA PANDILOVA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE DEPARTMENT OF ORAL PATHOL-OGY AND PERIODONTOLOGY

Title: ADIPOCYTOKINES AND PERIODONTAL DISEASE



Adipocytokines and periodontal disease. Chronic periodontal disease is an inflammatory con-dition characterized by a shift in the microbial ecology of subgingival plaque biofilms and the progressive host-mediated destruction of tooth-supporting structures. Although anti-inflam-matory mediators, antagonize the pro-inflammatory activities, the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators is shifted towards inflammation. There has been considerable interest in drawing connections between periodontal inflammation and other chronic condi-tions such as obesity. Adipose tissue that is enlarged, because of fat accumulation, secretes a wide variety of bioactive substances among which are a large group of peptides collectively called adipokines. Cytokines derived from adipose tissues may act on the periodontal tis-sues directly or systemically by initiating host immune response. Recent studies postulate that adipose tissue secretes a bioactive substance which may directly injure each type of cell of the periodontal tissue.Adiponectin is an adipocytokine secreted by the fat tissue that is involved in the energy metabolism of fat and carbohydrates and exhibits anti-inflammatory reaction. Levels of circulating adiponectin are inversely related with body mass index, and tend to be lower in obese subjects. Lower levels of adiponectin are associated with gingival inflammation but the role of other adipokines such as leptin in periodontal disease is poorly understood. In vitro studies and clinical trials obtained results will be discussed as well as the role of each of the adipocytokines, receptors on certain cells and pathways of action for each cell type in the periodontal tissue and development of periodontal disease.


PERIODONTOLOGY

119HASAN GÜNDOĞAR

GAZİANTEP-Turkey

Author: HASAN GÜNDOĞAR-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY;SERHAT İNALÖZ-DEPARTMENT OF DERMATOLOGY, FAC-ULTY OF MEDICINE, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY;KAMİLE ERCİYAS-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY;SACİDE PEHLİVAN-DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL BIOLOGY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY

Title: PACHYONYCHIA CONGENITA: ORAL MANIFESTATIONS AND A CASE REPORT



Introduction: Pachyonychia congenita (PC) is a rare autosomal dominant skin disorder but aotosomal recessive form of PC was reported. PC is genodermatosis and characterized by ectodermal abnormalities, palmoplantar keratosis, oral leukokeratosis and dystrophic finger-nails/toenails. While Muller documented first PC case in 1904, it was reported by Jadassohn and Lewandowsky in 1906. Case summary: A 10 years-old male patient with pachyonychia congenita, was referred to Gaziantep University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Peri-odontology clinic with the diagnosis of keratotic lesion at the tongue and periodontal healthy status. General physical examination showed hyperkeratotic fingernails and toenail (affected one toe). Intraoral examination showed striking of geographic tongue with hyperkeratosis area. On periodontal examination, erythematous and mild inflamed gingiva was seen. Peri-odontal index scores were recorded: Plaque index (PI) score was 1,49 , gingival index (GI) score was 1,40. Conclusion: Information about pathogenesis of PC is exactly not available so none of the currently available treatment options for PC are ideal. Oral discomforts will be relaxed with topical steroid and oral hygiene education. However, this option does not affect the etiological factor. Maybe early detection of PC (hyperkeratotic lesion) would be effective to prevent oral discomfort.


PERIODONTOLOGY

128ILMA ROBO

TIRANA-Albania

Institute: ALBANIAN UNIVERSITY


Author: ILMA ROBO-ALBANIAN UNIVERSITY, TIRANA, ALBANIA;PROF.RUZHDIE QAFMOLLA-HEAD OF DEPARTMENT OF DENTISTRY,UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL CENTER

Title: RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF BONE RESORPTION IN ABUTMENT TEETH OF FIXED PROSTHETICS



Background: Depending on the type of preparation, fixed prosthetics can affect with patho-logical irreversible changes of parodontium. Radiographic evaluation of these changes can be performed with measurements of bone quantity. Materials and methods: The study was performed on 10 fixed prosthetics works presented in panoramic and periapical X-rays, de-spite the time of placement. We evaluated the bone resorption in distal and medial surfaces of prosthetic abutments and in the same opposite teeth respectively in mandible and in max-illa. Measurements are performed in percentage, measurements of angle of bone resorption and extension of bone loss. The examination was carried out using the Schein ruler. Relative bone resorption is classified according to groups 1-5 (0-20%, 20-40%, 40-60%, 60-80 and 80-100%). Results: Bone loss ranged in difference of 21% more in abutment teeth, com-pared with the opposite natural teeth in oral cavity with the same plaque index. The angle of bone resorption was average 27 degrees and the extension of bone loss was up to 5-6mm. Conclusions: Despite the accuracy of fixed prosthetic, the last one is a foreign body in, on or under sulcus, changing bacterial flora due to the severity of the surface and adds the ability to create plaque. This increases the gravity of the periodontal disease.


PERIODONTOLOGY

159ANETA ATANASOVSKA STOJANOVSKA


Author: ANETA ATANASOVSKA STOJANOVSKA-UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTRE-SKOPJE;MIRJANA POPOVSKA-;ILIJANA MURATOVSKA-;ARIJAN DACI-;SILVANA GEORGIEVA; ANA MINOVSKA ETERNA DENT - SKOPJE

Title: ORAL AND PERIODONTAL STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 1DIABETES RELATED TO THE METABOLIC CONTROL



Background. To evaluate the level of periodontitis in young children and adolescents with diabetes type 1 related to metabolic control and to compare it to the periodontal and oral status in healthy individual at the same age. Material and method: 45 subjects at the age between 12 and 24 have been included in the research study. The control group consisted of 15 healthy subjects. The examined group consisted 30 of subjects with type 1 diabetes. They were also divided in two subgroups depending on the therapy they were taking. The periodontal status was determined by periodontal indexes. Presence of possible soft tissue changes was recorded. Values of HbA1c was also recorded. Results: The results of the study showed significantly higher values of periodontal indexes in the patients with diabetes. GI index was also significantly higher in the patients who use classical insulin therapy in com-parison to the patients who use insulin pump. The values of HbA1c were higher in the patient using the insulin therapy. Significantly larger changes in the soft tissues are recorded in the patients with diabetes compared to the control group Conclusion: Our findings suggest that periodontal destruction can start very early in patients with diabetes type 1. The oral changes that are recorded point out that diabetes influences the overall health of the patient. The way in which glycaemia is regulated is highly associated with the level of glycemic hemoglobin HbA1c, which is an indicator for a long term regulation of glycaemia.


PERIODONTOLOGY

162FATMA BOKE

ANKARA-Turkey

Institute: ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY


Author: FATMA BOKE-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;CAGRI GAZIOGLU-GAZI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;SEVIL AKKAYA-GAZI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;MURAT AKKAYA-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY

Title: DOES THE ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT HAVE SIMILAR GINGIVAL HEALT EFFECT FOR ADULT AND ADOLESCENT PATIENTS?



Does the orthodontic treatment have similar gingival healt effect for adult and adolescent patients? Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was evaluate the effects of orthodon-tic treatment on adult and adolescent patient’s gingival health. Materials and Methods: 30 adult and 30 adolescent patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances were recruited from the records pool of the Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Gazi included in the study. Patients’ treatment have been completed by postgraduate stu-dents between 2006-2012. Patients folders were analyzed according to their age, gender, treatment time and Skeletal and Angle classification and in both groups patients have simi-lar gender, treatment time and Skeletal and Angle classification. Intraoral photographs and lateral cephalometric films were analyzed and presence or absence of visible plaque, pres-ence or absence of visible inflammation, gingival biotype, gingival recession and gingival overgrowth were recorded before and after orthodontic treatment. Results: In adult patients, the mean value of visible inflammation and gingival recession showed significant increases after treatment. Whereas in adolescent patients, the mean value of visible plaque and visible inflamation showed significant increases but, gingival recession did not show any significant increase after treatment. Gingival biotype did not show any significant differences before and after orthodontic treatment in both group. Conclussion: It seems that the periodontal tissue in younger patients has a more favorable response to orthodontic treatment than in adults.


PERIODONTOLOGY

219HASAN GÜNDOĞAR

GAZIANTEP-Turkey

Author: KEMAL ÜSTÜN-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY;HASAN GÜNDOĞAR*-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOL-OGY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY;UFUK SEZER-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY;IRFAN ŞIMŞEK-DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTIC , FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY;KAMILE ERCIYAS-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY

Title: PROSTHODONTIC RESTORATİON WİTH CAD-CAM AFTER GUIDED BONE REGENERA-TION: A CASE REPORT 18 MONTHS FOLLOW UP



Introduction: The aim of this report is to present the augmentation and prosthetic restoration of a patient who has a severely deficient anterior maxillary ridge. Case presentation: The patient had a missing maxillary left central incisor and the extraction area had horizontally 2 mm and vertically 6 mm bone loss. At the first surgical operation; autogenous bone greft was placed and fixed by titanium membrane to the alveolar ridge. The surgical site was re-entered 4 months after the bone augmentation procedure and the titanium membrane was removed. Simultaneously, a connective tissue graft was placed at the buccal site of the defect area. Six weeks after the second operation prosthetic restoration was completed with a CAD-CAM system. Results and Conclusion: After augmentation procedures, a bone gain of 4 mm in width and 2 mm in height was obtained. Guided bone regeneration has promising results for the esthetic treatment of deficient anterior alveolar ridges. In addition CAD-CAM system is a good alternative for the prosthetic rehabilitations in which esthetic restorations are needed. A combination of vertical and horizontal bone augmentations with guided bone regeneration and prosthetic restorations with CAD-CAM systems can be successfully performed to achieve satisfactory esthetic results in patients with severely deficient anterior ridges.


PERIODONTOLOGY

229SÜLEYMAN ZIYA ŞENYURT

GAZIANTEP-Turkey

Author: KEMAL ÜSTÜN-GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;SÜLEYMAN ZIYA ŞENYURT*-GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;UFUK SEZER -GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;EDA ÇETIN ÖZDEMIR-GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;KAMILE ERCIYAS-GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY

Title: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERIODONTAL STATUS AND PATIENT KNOWLEDGE OF SMOKING EFFECTS ON ORAL HEALTH



Background: Periodontal disease is considered to be an opportunistic infection as a result of interactions between bacterial dental plaque and host responses which may be modulated by genetic, environmental and acquired risk factors. Cigarette smoking is recognized as the most important environmental etiologic factor in periodontal diseases. The negative effects of smoking on periodontal health are well defined over the past decade. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the association between patient knowledge of the smoking ef-fects on oral health and smoking status with periodontal status. Materials and Methods: Two hundred ninty individuals participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants’ knowledge of the smoking effects on oral health levels were assessed by a six items questionnaire. Socio-demographic data, smoking status and clinical periodontal parameters were recorded. Re-sults: There were no significant differences between chronic periodontitis (CP) and periodon-tal healthy (PH) groups regarding ages, sex and education levels (p>0.05). The prevalence of smoking in the CP group was significantly higher than the PH group (p<0.001). It was found that smokers with CP have the lowest rate of knowledge while non-smokers with PH have the highest rate of knowledge. Conclusion: The results give evidence for the associations of pa-tient knowledge of smoking effects on oral health and periodontal disease. Increasing levels of awareness of smoking effects on oral health may prove beneficial in ameliorating commu-nity periodontal health.


PERIODONTOLOGY

257EDA ÇETİN ÖZDEMİR

GAZİANTEP-Turkey

Author: KEMAL ÜSTÜN-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY FAC-ULTY OF DENTISTRY, , GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;EDA ÇETİN ÖZDEMİR-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, , GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;UFUK SEZER -DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSI-TY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;FATMA BAHAR CEBESOY-DEPART-MENT OF OBSTETRIC AND GYNECOLOGY , GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF MEDICINE, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY;KAMİLE ERCİYAS-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOL-OGY, GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZIANTEP, TURKEY

Title: EVALUATION OF DENTAL ANXIETY AND PERIODONTAL AWARENESS IN PREGNANT WOMAN



Background: There is substantial evidence that periodontal disease may be associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evalu-ate the level of dental anxiety, periodontal disease knowledge, and awareness among preg-nant women. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and ten pregnant women were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their dental anxiety (Modified Dental Anxiety Scale), periodontal disease knowledge, periodontal and general health awareness during pregnancy and sociodemographic data. Results: In total, 302 women completed the questionnaire. Most of the participants (%85.7) had low dental anxiety scores. A minority of the pregnant women had knowledge or ability to identify dental plaque (%9.2) and its harmful effects (%16.2). About two-third of the women (%66.8) believed that no relationship between premature labor and low-birth weight exist. The pregnant women who had respectively more knowledge about periodontal disease had low dental anxiety levels than others. There was a significant rela-tionship between educational level and periodontal disease knowledge (p<0.001). Conclu-sion: In this study pregnant women had inadequate knowledge and awareness regarding periodontal disease despite they had low dental anxiety levels. There is a need to provide oral health education for pregnant women in order to improve both oral and systemic health.


PERIODONTOLOGY

283ÇAĞLAR KÖRCÜK

GAZIANTEP-Turkey

Author: CAĞLAR KÖRCÜK*-GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPART-MENT OF PERIODONTOLGY ;HASAN GÜNDOĞAR-GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLGY ;KEMAL ÜSTÜN-GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLGY ;UFUK SEZER-GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PERI-ODONTOLGY ;KAMILE ERCIYAS-GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLGY

Title: LASER TREATMENT IN ENDO-PERIO LESION: A CASE REPORT



Introduction: Clinicians often have a difficulty in the diagnosis and treatment of the combined endodontal and periodontal (endo-perio) lesion. The success of treatment of a combined endo-perio lesion depends on the elimination of the both infection together. Lasers have shown to be effective in elimination of the microorganism from infected lesions. This case re-ports a successful management of an endo-perio lesion with laser therapy. Case Summary: A 21-year-old female patient with a complaint of mobility, spontaneous bleeding and discharge of suppuration in lower incisors, was refferred to periodontology clinic and the lower right inci-sor was devital. Periodontal examination showed 9-mm-deep periodontal pocket associated with lower right incisor. Radiographic evaluation showed decreased alveolar bone level and root surrounded by a large radiolucent area. Based on the clinical and radiographic findings, diagnosis of an endo-periolesion in tooth 31 was made. On the first visit scaling and root planning was performed. After endodontic treatment an 810 nm diode laser set at 1W, contin-uous wave was applied to the lesion with a 200µm fiber.7 days after the initial therapy, laser treatment was repeated again. Conclusion: In this case, postoperative healing was uneventful with no complications such as abscess, and infection. As a result of laser assisted combined periodontal-endodontic treatment, there was a successful gain in bone height and attachment levels at 3 months follow up. The antimicrobial effects of lasers may have beneficial effects on the management of endo-perio lesions.


PERIODONTOLOGY

343ESRA GUZELDEMIR – AKÇAKANAT

KOCAELI-Turkey

Institute: KOCAELI UNIVERSITY


Author: ESRA GUZELDEMIR-KOCAELI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;BEGUM ORUCGUNEY-KOCAELI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY

Title: SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC DETERMINANTS AND PERIODONTAL HEALTH AWARENESS OF PATIENTS WITH AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS



Background: Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) is a complex,multifactorial, destructive inflam-matory periodontal disease. Oral health can be determined by clinical examination. However, clinical outcomes do not always reflect the patients’ health perception and needs. The aim of this study is to evaluate sociodemographic determinants and health perception of the AgP pa-tients while using healthy individuals as background controls. Methods and materials: A total of 86 individuals were evaluated in 2 groups: 52 patients with AgP (24 females/28 male;mean age,30.77±3.67 years) and 43 otherwise healthy individuals (26 females/17 males;mean age,29.26±4.77 years). Sociodemographic variables, periodontal parameters and perceived oral health by asking a single question were recorded. The individuals completed a ques-tionnaire which includes 52 questions. Results: Although there were no differences between groups for gender, marital status, education, income, smoking and brushing habits; individu-als’ periodontal health perception was significantly different. Patients with AgP reported as experiencing bleeding/swollen gums and aware of loose teeth/had extraction of loose teeth. Seventy seven percent of patients were diagnosed as having periodontitis by a dentist pre-viously; however, 80% of the patients had never been treated for periodontitis before, even they know they are diseased. Forty percent of the patients have at least one relative who had periodontitis. The self-perceived health of 57% of patients was fair and poor. Conclusion: Although oral health problems rarely are vital, they may have impair quality of life and can affect oral function, appearance and interpersonal relationships. Clinicians should evaluate patients not only clinical variables but also their personal needs and perceptions.


PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY

5DUSICA BOYOVIC - BEHARA

CACAK-Serbia

Institute: HEALTCARE CENTRE CACAK

Author: DUSICA BOZOVIC - BEHARA-HEALTHCARE CENTRE CACAK;MLADEN BEHARA-PRI-VATE PRACTICE CACAK;BILJANA KNEZEVIC-HEALTHCARE CENTRE CACAK;BILJANA JACIMOVIC-HEALTHCARE CENTRE CACAK;SASA SPASOJEVIC-PRIVATE PRACTICE CACAK

Title: MINIMAL INTERVENTION DENTISTRY


Area of view: Preventive Dentistry

In recent decades,the management of carious lesions has shifted the paradigm of drililing and filling into the paradigm of prevention, control and minimally invasive restoration. In this context a new technique to stop the progression of initial caries without the use of drilling has been proposed: the inhibition of caries by resin infiltration, that is , stopping the active cari-ous process at its site without any invasive procedure. The principle of resin infiltration is to perfuse porous enamel with resin by capillary action, thereby stopping the process of demin-eralisation and stabilising the carious lesion. The principle can be compared with the satura-tion of a sugar cube or sponge with a liquid. The infiltration takes place within the enamel, in contrast to pit and fissure sealants, which forms a superficial mechanical barrier on the outer surface of the initial lesion, depriving the bacteria that colonise the surface of the lesion of nu-trients from the biofilm. The erosion/ infiltration technique has been proposed for hiding white spots associated with non/carious conditions such as fluorosis and it appears to give satisfac-tory aesthetic results in patients.This use of the technique will not be discussed furtther in this article.



31AIDA METO

TIRANA-Albania

Author: AIDA METO-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY \;AGRON METO-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY \;EMILJANO TRAGAJ-DENTAL CLINIC \;MONIKA LIPO-UNIVERSITY STOMATOLOGICAL CLINIC, TI-RANA-ALBANIA;CHRISTIAN BAUERMANN-HUMANCHEMIE GMBH, ALFELD-GERMANY

Title: TIEFENFLUORID IN THE DESENSITISATION OF DENTINAL HYPERESTHESIA (CLINICAL RESULTS)



Purpose: The aim of this study is to provide the clinical results of dentinal desensitisation treatment, in non-carious defects. Methodology:Were treated 146 patients, 49 males and 97 females, who were diagnozed with generalized and local hyperesthesia of the second and third level. The patients were treated with Tiefenfluorid during two sessions carried out in intervals of every 8 days. During the treatment the two solutions were alternated [1st solution: MgSiF6 x 6 H2O, CuSiF6 x 6 H2O, NaF, distilled water & 2nd solution: calciumhydroxide-highdispers, methylcellulose, distilled water]. Level of hyperesthesia and correctnes of the diagnosis was assessed not only based on patients compaints but also by using the test-meter apparatus for making evaluations in mkA, before and after the treatment. The opposite side of teeth of the same patient, treated with conventional fluoride gel was used as a control group. The patients were followed up for 2 years. Results:The cases treated with Tiefenfluo-rid which included treatment for general dental hyperesthesia, hyperesthesia localized in the teeth necks, and cuneiform defects resulted more successfull than those treated with the tra-ditional fluoride gel. The immediate response as well as the long term reaction was a better one. It was neccessary to perform 10 sessions of traditional fluoride gel treatment and only two to three treatments with Tiefenfluorid. Conclusion:Results of treatment of the dentinal hy-persensitivity with Tiefenfluorid of the “Humanchemia-GmbH” company, are safe in the treat-ment of non-carious injuries and cuneiform defects, compared to other fluoride preparations. Keywords:cuneiform defects, fluoride gel, hyperesthesia, Tiefenfluorid



117LJUPCO DIMITROV


Institute: ZDRAVSTVEN DOM SKOPJE

Specialty: CHILDREN STOMATOLOGY

Author: LJUPCO DIMITROV-ZDRAVSTVEN DOM SKOPJE

Title: DETERMINATION OF THE AMOUNT OF THE ION FLUORINE IN THE MILK WITH ION SE-LECTIVE METHOD



A large number of countries around the world in 1995 were rotated with a low level caries by WHO. Information was based on the average measured KEP for 12 years of age. Still the caries is one of the collective diseases affecting both children and adults. The question per-manently asked is: How to decrease the KEP with children and adults? Researches, both clinical and laboratory have shown that fluorides are most effective in caries prevention, especially when a very low level of fluorides is permanently kept. How to achieve this: - by fluoridation of drinking water - by fluoridation of milk Since the fluoridation of water is expen-sive and bulk process, and on the other hand changes the quality in the collective systems of water supply, the alternative is milk. Examination of the cow milk who is in ordinary use , appear presence on F in mark (0,015 ppm) . Cow milk fluoridation with NaF appear middle 3,1 ppm, opposite sheep milk who is fluoridation of thesame mark middle 2,2ppm. The results from the investigations showed statistically significant presence of fluoride in the fluoridated milk. The analyses of the results of the presence of free fluoride in the fluoridated milk has been optimal, in the limits described in the world literature and have easily incorporated in the hard tooth substance. Based on the obtained results one can expect fluoridated milk to be used in everyday consummation, particularly by children, the outcome of a longer continuous consumption will result in a significant decrease of KEP.



311VESNA AMBARKOVA


Institute: DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTIST-RY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA

Author: AMBARKOVA VESNA-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA;KOKOCEVA-IVANOVSKA OLGA-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA;ZABOKOVA-BILBILOVA EFKA-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTRE “ST. PANTELEJMON”, SKOPJE, R. MACEDONIA;PETANOVSKI HRIS-TO-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINI-CAL CENTRE “ST. PANTELEJMON”, SKOPJE, R. MACEDONIA;CARCEV MILE-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHO-DIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA

Title: FLUORINE CONTENT OF BOTTLED DRINKING WATER AVAILABLE IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA



It is necessary for the dentist to know the fluorine content of drinking water which patients consume, before any mass or individual fluoride program (local or systemic F-supplements) is applies. Nowadays more and more people consume bottled drinking water and that impose necessity of testing the concentration of fluorine in the bottled drinking water. The recent floods that occurred in the Republic of Macedonia and the public health institution instructions not to consume the drinking water in the flooded areas and cities, imposed the citizens need to con-sume the bottled drinking water. The aim of the study was to determine the fluorine content in bottled drinking water samples in the Republic of Macedonia. We have results of twelve bottled water samples from domestic production. The estimation of fluorine content was performed us-ing a pH/ISE meter-Thermo-Orionand Thermo Orion Ion Plus Fluoride Electrode. The results were as follows: Three bottled water samples Kozuvcanka 1,046, Viziana 1,086, Dobra Voda 0,810 contained optimal fluorine content. The remaining bottled drinking water samples were with very low fluorine content Aqua Kokino 0,340, Pela Rosa 0,320, Germina 0,300, Pelisterka 0.149 Davina 0.105, Gorska 0.084, Ladna 0.080, Aqua kiss 0.071 and Izvorska 0.035 hppmF.This study shows that bottled drinking waters contain differing concentrations of fluoride. Three of the samples contain fluorine content. Some parents are using bottled waters to prepare baby milk formulations which themselves may contain high levels of fluorine and subject their children to the risk of dental fluorosis.



312EFKA ZABOKOVA BILBILOVA



Author: ZABOKOVA-BILBILOVA EFKA-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DEN-TISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA;GEORGIEV ZLATKO-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DEN-TISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA;STEFANOVSKA EMILIJA-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY AND ORAL PA-THOLOGY, UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTRE “ST. PANTELEJMON”, FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY, SKOPJE, R. MACEDONIA;AMBARKOVA VESNA-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTRE “ST. PANTELEJMON”, SKOPJE, R. MACEDONIA;KOKOCEVA- IVANOVSKA OLGA-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVER-SITY, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA

Title: EFFECTS OF APPLIED TOPICAL FLUORIDE PREPARATIONS IN ORTHODONTIC PA-TIENTS



The aim of this study was to determine fluoride in the enamel before and after topical applica-tion of Fluorogal, following the degree of remineralization. In this study, 40 healthy extracted premolars without any clinical sign of decalcification were selected. The teeth were divided in two groups, each group containing 20 teeth, according to the period of monitoring, after 1 and 3 months. Orthodontic brackets were bonded with Dentaurum. The teeth were coated with a topical gel - Fluorogal for 5 minutes each day, and they have been stored in artificial saliva until analysis. Fluoride concentrations were measured by spectrophotometer. The value of F in enamel in the experimental group of teeth, one mount after application of the Fluorogal was 824,046 ppm, while the control group of teeth the value of F was 634,320 ppm. There was a statistically significant difference between values of fluoride in the enamel in both examined groups of teeth. The value of F in enamel in the group of examined teeth com-pared to the control group of teeth three mounts after application of the topical solution shows a high statistically significant difference of the values, with is results of increased values, 926,260 ppm in the examined group of teeth compared to the control group of teeth (F was 664,052 ppm). Considering the results of this studies have demonstrated the efficacy of fluo-ride gel in reducing the incidence of enamel demineralization, orthodontists should consider its routine use in clinical practice, especially in patients exhibiting poor oral hygiene.



333EFKA ZABOKOVA BILBILOVA



Author: ZABOKOVA-BILBILOVA EFKA*-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DEN-TISTRY, UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTRE “ST. PANTELEJMON”, SKOPJE, R. MACEDONIA;GEORGIEV ZLATKO-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DEN-TISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA;STEFANOVSKA EMILIJA-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY AND ORAL PATHOLOGY, UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTRE “ST. PANTELEJMON”, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, SKOPJE, R. MACEDONIA;AMBARKOVA VESNA-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNI-VERSITY, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA;KOKOCEVA-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA

Title: EFFECT OF FLUORIDE ON INHIBITION OF DEMINERALIZATION ADJACENT TO ORTH-ODONTIC BRACKETS



The aim of this study was to determine fluoride in the enamel before and after topical ap-plication of Fluorogal, following the degree of remineralization. In this study, 40 healthy ex-tracted premolars without any clinical sign of decalcification were selected. The teeth were divided in two groups, each group containing 20 teeth, according to the period of monitoring, after 1 and 3 months. Orthodontic brackets were bonded with Dentaurum. The teeth were coated with a topical gel - Fluorogal for 5 minutes each day, and they have been stored in artificial saliva until analysis. Fluoride concentrations were measured by spectrophotometer. The value of F in enamel in the experimental group of teeth, one mount after application of the Fluorogal was 824,046 ppm, while the control group of teeth the value of F was 634,320 ppm. There was a statistically significant difference between values of fluoride in the enamel in both examined groups of teeth. The value of F in enamel in the group of examined teeth compared to the control group of teeth three mounts after application of the topical solution shows a high statistically significant difference of the values, with is results of increased val-ues, 926,260 ppm in the examined group of teeth compared to the control group of teeth (F was 664,052 ppm). Considering the results of this studies have demonstrated the efficacy of fluoride gel in reducing the incidence of enamel demineralization, orthodontists should con-sider its routine use in clinical practice, especially in patients exhibiting poor oral hygiene.



364ESMA YILDIZ

GAZIANTEP-Turkey

Institute: UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP


Author: ESMA YILDIZ-UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;MINE SIMSEK-UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

Title: CLINICAL EVALUATION OF A CURRENT NANOFILLED FISSURE SEALANT



Background: Fissure sealants should ideally have good flow behavior to provide deeper pen-etration and increased adhesion. The purpose of the present study was to compare clinical success of nano and microfilled fissure sealants and effectiveness of two different prophy-laxis techniques. Methods and materials: The study was conducted among 50 patients aged 9-12 years. Patients who presented with caries-free, fully erupted first permanent molars with deep and retentive pits and fissures were included in the study. The study was conducted using a nanofilled (Smartseal&loc; Detax, Germany) and a microfilled fissure sealant (Fissurit FX, Voco, Cuxhaven,Germany) with air-abrasion (airflow handy) or prophylaxis paste. Seal-ants were applied to a total of 169 maxillary and mandibular left and right permanent molars. Prior to sealant application, the occlusal surfaces were first cleaned by prophylaxis paste or air-abrasion to remove the dental biofilm. Sealant materials were randomly applied accord-ing to the manufacturer’s instructions. The treated teeth were re-evaluated after 20 months. Results: According to Chi-squre test, there were no significant differences among the groups (p=0,90). In the Smartseal&loc and Fissurit FX groups, sealants were completely covering occlusal surface at rate of 89,4% and 91,7% respectively. Conclusion: Both of the fissure sealants with different prophylaxis tecniques are find to be clinically acceptable.



414JETA KELMENDI

PRISHTINA-Serbia

Institute: UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTRE OF KOSOVO, THE REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO

Author: JETA KELMENDI-. FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTAMENT OF DENTISTRY, UNIVER-SITETI I PRISHTINËS, REPUBLIKA E KOSOVËS;NORA BERISHA-. FACULTY OF MEDI-CINE, DEPARTAMENT OF DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITETI I PRISHTINËS, REPUBLIKA E KOSOVËS;TEUTA KUTLLOVCI-UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTRE OF KOSOVO, THE REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO;MERITA BERISHA-NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC HEALTH OF KOSOVA DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL MEDICINE UNIVERSITY OF PRISHTI-NA, MEDICAL FACULTY

Title: THE PREVALENCE OF CARIES IN DECIDUOUS TEETH IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IN PRISTINA



Background:Caries is a disease of tooth tissue mineralisation that can be prevented. The purpose of this research was to show the presence of deciduous teeth caries, at preschool children in kindergartens of Pristina. Methods and materials: 128 children were examined, aged 4,5 and 6 years old in some kindergartens of Pristina. The children were examined by dental mirror, dental probe and Latex gloves under natural light. The data obtained are listed in cards designed specially for this research. The data were processed with SPSS and the statistical parameters were calculated. Results: From the total number of children only the left Canine of mandible is not diagnosed with caries at any patient, while other teeth had car-ies with different percentage. The largest percentage of surface decay was 25.0% in the first deciduous molar on the right side of mandible. Deep caries is shown in greater percentage of 21.9% in the second deciduous molar of the left side of mandible and 21.1% in the second deciduous molar of the right side of mandible. Conclusion: In accordance with our research we can show that the first deciduous molar of mandible had the highest percentage of super-ficial caries, while the second deciduous molar of the same jaw had the highest percentage of deep caries. Up to 95% of the population of all ages suffer from tooth decay and periodontal disease. It is necessary to undertake preventive measures in order to lessen this problem


REMOVABLE PROSTHODONTICS

108CEYHUN CANPOLAT

ISTANBUL-Turkey



Author: CEYHUN CANPOLAT-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;ZEYNEP OZKURT-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF DEN-TISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;ENDER KAZAZOGLU-YEDITEPE UNI-VERSITY, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: MANAGEMENT OF A FRACTURED IMPLANT ABUTMENT SCREW: A CASE REPORT


Area of view: Removable Prosthodontics

Background: Removing a fractured abutment screw has always been a challenge for the clinician. In some cases, screw can not be removed, and alternative solutions should be con-sidered. This clinical report describes the replacement of a ball attachment abutment whose fractured screw was impossible to be retrieved with a cast post with a ball attachment. Case Report: The patient who applied to Prosthodontics Department at Faculty of Dentistry, Yedite-pe University, Istanbul was a 65 years old female. She was wearing a mandibular complete denture supported by two implants for four years. She complained about the loss of retention of the denture due to fractured abutment screw. Upon clinical examination, it was found that an other dentist has tried to retrieve the fractured screw. With the implants slightly tilted from each other, it was decided to construct a cast post with a ball attachment in order to improve retention without sacrificing the implant. Interior of the implant and the fractured screw was machined with a rotating instrument. An impression was taken with a metal strip and polyvi-nyl siloxane impression material (Express XT, 3M ESPE, Neuss, Germany). A custom-made cast post with a ball attachment (Vario-Kugel Snap vks 2.2, Bredent, Senden, Germany) was fabricated. The post was then cemented with type 2 glass ionomer cement. Ball housing was fixed to denture with direct method using self-curing acrylic. The result was satisfactory both for the clinician and the patient. Conclusion: Conventional techniques may always be used to find solutions to clinical complications.


RESTORATIVE AND ADHESIVE DENTISTRY

34SIPAHI CUMHUR

ANKARA-Turkey

Institute: GULHANE MILITARY MEDICAL ACADEMY


Author: SIPAHI C-GULHANE MILITARY MEDICAL ACADEMY, CENTER FOR DENTAL SCIENC-ES, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;CERUTTI A-UNIVERSITY OF BRESCIA, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;MADINI L-UNIVERSITY OF BRESCIA, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;OZCAN M-UNİVERSİTY OF ZURICH, DENTAL MATERIALS UNİT, CENTER FOR DENTAL AND ORAL MEDICINE, ZURICH

Title: EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LOADING FORCES ON THE CUSPAL DEFLECTION OF PRE-MOLARS SUBJECTED TO CYCLIC LOADING


Area of view: Restorative and Adhesive Dentistry

Purpose: To determine the effect of different occlusal loading forces on the cuspal deflec-tion amount of intact maxillary premolars subjected to restorative, endodontic and cyclic fatigue treatments. Materials and Methods: Thirty premolars were selected. Ten teeth were left untreated (group IN), 10 teeth were subjected to endodontic and restorative treatment (group FL), and the remaining 10 teeth were subjected to endodontic, restorative and fatigue treatments (group FT). All teeth were subjected to 5 different occlusal compressive loading forces (98, 147, 196, 245 294 Newtons) with a universal testing device. Totally 15 experi-mental groups were obtained with 3 tooth conditions (IN, FL, FT) and 5 different occlusal loading values. Deflection amounts (microns) were measured with laser sensors, recorded and obtained data were statistically analyzed. Results: Mean cuspal deflection values (μm) ranged as follows; IN-98 (24.4 ±19.8), IN-147 (34.8 ±28.9), IN-196 (43.8 ±34.7), IN-245 (54.5 ±46.4), IN-294 (60.3 ±50.6), FL-98 (56 ±49.1), FL-147 (62.6 ±49.6), FL-196 (72.4 ±52.1), FL-245 (81.3 ±56), FL-294 (92.2 ±60.9), FT-98 (77.2 ±80.9), FT-147 (83.4 ±81.3), FT-196 (92.6 ±83.7), FT-245 (102.7 ±85.4), and FT-294 (124.2 ±89.5). Mean values of 3 main experimental groups were as follows; IN (43.5 μm), FL (72.9 μm) and FT (96.0 μm). Significant differences were found between 3 main groups and relevant subgroups (p<.001). Conclusion: Highest cuspal deflection values (CDV) were obtained in FT groups. Lowest CDV were obtained in IN groups. FL groups showed higher deflection values than IN groups. CDV increased progres-sively as the teeth were restored and subjected to fatigue treatment.



35CUMHUR SİPAHİ

ANKARA-Turkey



Author: CUMHUR SİPAHİ-GULHANE MILITARY MEDICAL ACADEMY, CENTER FOR DENTAL SCIENCES, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;MUTLU OZCAN-UNIVERSITY OF ZÜRICH, DENTAL MATERIALS UNIT, CENTER FOR DENTAL AND ORAL MEDICINE, CLINIC FOR FIXED AND REMOVABLE PROSTHODONTICS AND DENTAL MATERIALS SCIENCE, ZÜRICH, SWITZERLAND. ;SILVIA MICHIDA-DEPARTMENT OF DENTAL MA-TERIALS AND PROSTHODONTICS, DENTAL SCHOOL, SÃO PAULO STATE UNIVERSITY (UNESP), SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL;FERNANDO TAKAHASHI -DEPARTMENT OF DENTAL MATERIALS AND PROSTHODONTICS, DENTAL SCHOOL, SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL

Title: EFFECT OF SURFACE TREATMENTS ON BOND STRENGTH BETWEEN INDIRECT COMPOSITE RESIN AND RESIN CEMENT



Effect of physicochemical surface treatments on adhesive bond strength between indirect composite resin (ICR) and dual-polymerized composite resin cement was studied. Six cubi-cal ICR blocks and 6 direct composite resin blocks (DCR) were fabricated. Surfaces of 6 ICR blocks were subjected to 6 treatment methods and assigned to 6 experimental groups; group NAE (no acid etching), group AE60 (acid etching for 60s), group AE90 (acid etching for 90s), group AE120 (acid etching for 120s), group AE180 (acid etching for 180s) and group SB (sandblasting). After surface treatments ICR blocks were cemented to DCR blocks such as to obtain 6 ICR-DCR blocks. ICR-DCR blocks were longitudinally cut in 9 to obtain smaller ICR-DCR specimens for 6 experimental groups (n=9). Totally 54 ICR-DCR specimens were subjected to microtensile bond strength test. Ruptured specimen surfaces were examined with stereomicroscopy to determine failure modes. SEM, XDS, XPS and FT-RS analyses were performed to detect chemical substances resting on surfaces. Bond strength of AE180 (41.8±7 MPa) was significantly higher than NAE (35.6±4.9 MPa). SB (47.3±6.1 MPa) was significantly higher than AE60 (40.2±5.6 MPa), AE90 (40.9±5.1 MPa), and AE120 (40.6±3.1 MPa). HF acid treatment on ICR surfaces for 180s produced highest microtensile bond strength values.



174MUSTAFA ÇAKIR

IZMIR-Turkey

Institute: IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY

Specialty: DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY

Author: MUSTAFA ÇAKIR-IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;ESRA UZER ÇELİK-IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY

Title: ANTERIOR AESTHETIC RESTORATIONS USING DENTAL SPECTROPHOTOMETER



Anterior Aesthetic Restorations Using Dental Spectrophotometer Background One of the most difficult challenges in aesthetic restorations is to choose the proper shade that mim-ics the natural color of tooth. This process is usually performed by using subjective methods such as visual shade selection which can cause insufficient aesthetic results. In order to overcome this problem, objective methods such as shade selection by a dental spectropho-tometer have been developed. The aim of this case report was to demonstrate the benefits of spectrophotometric shade selection for achieving aesthetically successful anterior res-torations. Methods and materials In this case, the fractured maxillary central incisors were restored using a dental spectrophotometer (SpectroShade Micro, MHT Optic Research AG, Switzerland) that can identify the color of buccal surface of a tooth over its entire area. The shades of cervical parts of fractured teeth were determined using the dental spectrophotom-eter, and they were used as a guide for choosing dentin shade (A3). Opaque and enamel shades (AO3,AE)compatible with dentin shade were selected according to the manufactur-er’s guide. Then,the nanohybrid composite material (G-aenial, GC, Japan) was applied using mock-up technique with the help of a silicone matrix. Results and conclusion A near-perfect shade match with the remaining teeth was achieved by this method. The use of spectropho-tometer in the anterior aesthetic restorations allows the dentist to more precisely identify the natural color of teeth and provides a near-perfect color harmony.



177IRIDA CENOLLI

TIRANA-Albania

Author: IRIDA CENOLLI-PEDAGOGUE AT UNIVERSITY OF TIRANE, FACULTY OF DENTIST-RY;-;-;-;-Title: DIRECT COMPOSITE BONDING AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS



BACKGROUND: Direct composite bonding whether used to replace an unsightly metal filling, to mend fractured teeth, to restructure badly spaced or crowded teeth, or to cover a series of discolored teeth, remains the most instantaneous transformation of the mouth. The aim of this study is to present an ideal treatment and acceptable alternatives to patients with limited resources considering their socioeconomic status. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Compos-ite materials are directly bonded to tooth structure. This technique was applied in a group of 63 patients mostly aged 19-23 years old. It was applied in diastema teeth, mesially rotated central incisors, enamel hypoplasia, intruded lateral incisor, discolored and/or fractured teeth. The surface of the teeth is cleaned using pumice. Teeth were minimally prepped at the mar-gin, retraction cord placed in the gingival sulcus and a wood wedge between them for opti-mal retention. They were etched with 35% phosphoric acid and bond applied. Incremental technique is used for placing composite. RESULTS: There is a review of the patients in their routine teeth cleaning after nearly 8 months. 49 showed no changes, 9 had discoloration because of heavy smoking and not regularly brushing, 5 had chipped fillings because of not having a good maintenance. CONCLUSION: Direct Bonding gives fulfilling and immediate results. Patients are happy with their pleasant appearing and the low-cost technique com-pared with full porcelain crowns or porcelain veneers, but what’s more important the vitality of the tooth is not compromised. The technique has the additional advantages of minimal tooth reduction and reversibility.



184ÖZGÜN YUSUF ÖZYILMAZ

KONYA-Turkey

Institute: DEPARMENT OF PROSTHODONTİC

Author: HALUK BARIŞ KARA-MEDİPOL UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF DENTİSTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTİC, İSTANBUL, TURKEY;TEVFİK YAVUZ-SELCUK UNİVERSİTY, FAC-ULTY OF DENTİSTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTİC, KONYA, TURKEY;ALİ RIZA TUNÇDEMİR-NECMETTİN ERBAKAN UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF DENTİSTRY, DEPART-MENT OF PROSTHODONTİC, KONYA, TURKEY;ÖZGÜN YUSUF ÖZYILMAZ-SELCUK UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF DENTİSTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTİC, KONYA, TURKEY

Title: EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE ON THE COLOR STABILITY OF VARIOUS RESTORATIVE MATERIALS



Purpose: The aim of this in vitro study was to determine the color changes of four different restorative materials after exposing these materials to two different bleaching agents. Meth-ods: This study applied bleaching agents to an a low-fusing porcelain (VITA VM9), heat-pressed glass ceramics (IPS Empress Esthetic), and two types of composites (Clearfil Maj-esty Esthetic, Clearfil Photo Posterior). A total of 20 disc-shaped specimens were fabricated (diameter of 10mm and thickness of 2mm) from each material (n=10). The initial color mea-surements were taken with a spectrophotometer. The first set of specimens were bleached with 10% hydrogen peroxide (HP) for one hour daily for 10 days. The other set of specimens were bleached with 40 % hydrogen peroxide (HP) bleaching gel for two consecutive applica-tions for 20 minutes each.. Data were analyzed statistically, by two-way-analysisis of vari-ance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Tamhane\’s T2 tests. (p < 0.05) Results: The mean color change value (ΔE) for Clearfil Majesty Esthetic significantly higher than values for VITA VM9 groups treated with the 10 % HP, and Clearfil Photo Posterior was significantly higher than those values for Clearfil Majesty Esthetic, IPS Empress Esthetic, and VITA VM9 groups treated with the 40 % HP. (p<0.05) The comparative evaluation of bleaching agents on the color change of materials revealed that the differences between the bleaching agents were significant for the Clearfil Photo Posterior groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The effects of bleaching agents should be known and applied consciously when restorative materials (especially polymer-containing restorative materials) are present.



308SELCUK SAVAS

CIGLI-Turkey

Institute: IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY

Specialty: PEDIATRIC DENTISTR

Author: SELCUK SAVAS-IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPART-MENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;MURAT SELIM BOTSALI-SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;EBRU KUCUKY-ILMAZ-IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;TUGRUL SARI-BEZMIALEM VAKIF UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: EVALUATION OF THE TEMPERATURE CHANGES IN THE PULP CHAMBER DURING PO-LYMERIZATION OF LIGHT-CURED PULP-CAPPING MATERIALS



Exothermic reactions by light cured materials which are widely used in dentistry, and the energy absorbed from light curing units may cause heat rising on pulp. The aim of this study was to evaluate the temperature changes in the pulp chamber during polymerization of four different pulp-capping materials by using LED light curing unit contact and noncontact posi-tion. A pulpal circulation mechanism was simulated for measurement of temperature rise. Temperature rises were measured for four pulp-capping materials (Theracal LC, Biner LC, Calcimol LC, Ultra-Blend Plus) which were applied onto the occlusal dentin surface (1 mm thickness) and polymerized by using a LED unit (Valo, Ultradent Products Inc, South Jordan, UT, USA). Two different distances were used between the tip of the unit and the materials surface during polymerization; 0 mm and 2 mm. Thermal changes were measured with J-type thermocouple and recorded by data logger. The data were statistically analyzed factorial ANOVA, one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test. There were statistically differences between contact and noncontact groups (p<0.05). Contact groups produced significantly lower tem-perature rise compared with noncontact groups. The highest and the lowest mean tempera-ture rises were calculated for Biner LC and the Theracal LC, respectively. In all materials’ evaluation, while there was no significantly difference between Theracal LC and Calcimol LC groups, there were statistically differences between all other groups. Considering the effect of temperature rising, the distance of the light curing units from restorations should not be over-looked as well as the types of the materials.



336MAJA ANTANASOVA


Institute: PZU USKC


Author: MAJA ANTANASOVA*-EURM SKOPJE, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, PZU USKC \;EMILIJA KOSTADINOVSKA-EURM SKOPJE, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, PZU USKC \;VLADO VANKOVSKI-EURM SKOPJE, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, PZU USKC

Title: FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITE POSTS – CLINICAL EXPERIENCES



FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITE POSTS – CLINICAL EXPERIENCES Introduction: Post and core therapy is regarded as the treatment of choice for restoring severely damaged endodontically treated teeth. There is controversy surrounding the most suitable choice of material and post placement method that will result in the highest probability of success-ful treatment. Aim: Post material plays a critical role in the bio-mechanical performance of endodontically treated teeth. Therefore, the aim of this study is to research the properties of the fiber reinforced composite posts and their application in restoration of endodontically treated teeth. Materials and Methods: We researched numerous articles on this matter. We compared these findings with our own clinical experiences gained over a time period of two years, with continuous observation of 42 patients with 67 fiber post and core restorations. The evaluation was made by clinical and radiographical examination. Results: From all of the 67 fiber post and core restorations, we had one case of failure – uncementing of the post, but this occurred due to the inability to provide dry working field during the procedure for place-ment of the post (subgingival position of the fracture line of the tooth). In such a case, the placement of the fiber post was not indicated in the first place. We had no case of root or con-struction fracture. Conclusion: Due to their properties (high strength, elastic modulus similar to dentin etc.), the fiber posts represent a reliable choice for restoring endodontically treated teeth. Keywords: fiber posts, post and core technique



340MUSTAFA ÜLKER

KONYA-Turkey

Author: MUSTAFA ÜLKER-SELCUK UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF RE-STORATIVE DENTISTRY ;H. ESRA ÜLKER-SELCUK UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY ;HAMDİ ACAR-SELCUK UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY

Title: EIGHT-YEAR WATER DEGRADATION OF ONE-STEP SELF-ETCHING ADHESIVES BONDED TO DENTIN



EIGHT-YEAR WATER DEGRADATION OF ONE-STEP SELF-ETCHING ADHESIVES BONDED TO DENTIN Mustafa Ülker*, Esra Ülker, Hamdi Acar Background: This in vitro study evaluated the bonding effectiveness two one-step self-etching adhesives [G Bond (GC; Tokyo Japan) and Clearfil Tri-S Bond (Kuraray Medical Inc; Osaka, Japan)] to dentin after 8 yr of water storage. Methods and Materials: Crowns of freshly extracted human third mo-lar teeth were sectioned to expose flat dentin surfaces. Each surface was ground with #400 silicon carbide paper. Adhesives were applied according to the manufacturers’ directions then resin composite build ups were created (Clearfil AP-X; Kuraray, Japan). The specimens were stored in water for 24 h (control group) or for 8 yr (experimental groups). After each stor-age period, the specimens were sectioned to make specimen beams (Twenty beams were achieved for each test group) and then subjected to a micro-tensile bond strength (µTBS) test. The µTBS values were calculated in MPa and statistically evaluated using two-way analysis of variance. Results: After 24h and 8 yr, there was no significant difference between the µTBS of G Bond and Clearfil Tri-S Bond (P>0.05). The µTBS of G Bond and Clearfil Tri-S Bond decreased significantly after 8 yr (P<0.001). Conclusion: After 8 yr water exposure, the bond produced by one-step self-etching adhesives was unable to resist deterioration.



341BILAL YASA

IZMIR-Turkey

Institute: IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSİTY

Specialty: RESTORATIVE DENTİSTRY

Author: BILAL YASA-IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DEN-TISTRY, IZMIR, TURKEY;SERHAT KOSEOGLU-IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY, DE-PARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY, IZMIR, TURKEY;MERALYIRCALI ATICI-IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY, IZMIR, TURKEY;FAHRETTIN KALABALIK-IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY, DEPART-MENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY, IZMIR, TURKEY

Title: RESTORATIVE MANAGEMENT OF MAXILLARY ANTERIOR FUSIONS



Introduction: Fusion is an uncommon anomaly of the hard dental tissues that occurs due to the union between dentin and/or enamel of two or more separate developing teeth. Fusion may occur between two normal teeth or between a normal tooth and a supernumerary tooth: in the latter case, differentiation from gemination may be difficult, if not possible. Fused teeth may contain separate pulp canals or share a common pulp canal. The etiology of fusion remains unknown but trauma during tooth development, hereditary and environmental factors have been suspected. Rehabilitation of fused teeth commonly involves restorative endodon-tic and periodontal treatment. The potential clinical problems associated with fusion include an abnormal shape of the tooth and overall space discrepancies, which may eventually lead to periodontal disease. Aim of this study is to describe esthetic restorative approaches us-ing with direct composite veneers of three different maxillary anterior fusion included a su-pernumerary tooth. Methods: 50-year-old male patients’ wide fused maxillary right central was restored by making a show of two different teeth with tints, gingival composites and direct veneers. 25-year-old male patients’ fused maxillary right central was restored follow-ing gingivectomy and stripping of adjacent teeth. 21-year old female patients’ fused maxillary right lateral was restored following endodontic treatment. All direct composite veneers were performed using with Filtek Ultimate Universal Restorative (3M Espe, USA) incrementally. Conclusion: The resultant appearances of restorations were observed to be compatible with natural teeth and were demonstrated good marginal and gingival adaptation. The treatment outcomes were highly satisfactory for patients.



342HUSEYIN HATIRLI

IZMIR-Turkey

Institute: IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSİTY

Specialty: RESTORATIVE DENTİSTRY

Author: BILAL YASA-IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DEN-TISTRY, IZMIR, TURKEY;HUSEYIN HATIRLI-IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY, DEPART-MENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY, IZMIR, TURKEY;MEHMET SAGLAM-IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY, IZMIR, TURKEY

Title: RE-ESTABLISHMENT OF FUNCTION AND ESTHETICS IN ADVANCED PERIDONTAL DIS-EASE



Introduction: Reduced periodontal tissue support results in mobility, migration and finally loss of teeth, moreover it causes functional problems like reduced masticatory ability and esthetic problems like undesirable diastemas. A chair-side technique, using a direct fiber-reinforced framework, allows the clinician to offer the patient another fixed option for replacing a missing tooth that is minimal invasive, more time-efficient and cost-effective than other, more tradi-tional approaches. Procedures that incorporate adhesive dentistry give dentists the ability to replace missing teeth, splint unstable teeth and closure of diastemas for both esthetic and periodontal purposes. Methods: 52-year-old female patient with severe periodontitis referred to our clinic complaints about a missing lower anterior tooth and diastemas between up-per anterior teeth. After periodontal treatment establishing with excellent oral hygiene, direct composite build-ups for diastemas and direct FRC framework with a prefabricated porcelain pontic for the missing teeth and splitting unstable teeth were foresighted for functional and esthetic expectations. Following only etching and bonding of enamel surfaces for minimal-invasive-concept, direct composite build-ups were performed using with Filtek Ultimate Uni-versal Restorative (3M Espe,USA) incrementally. A prefabricated IPS E-max porcelain pontic was cemented using GrandTEC resin-impregnated glass fibers and GrandioSO Heavy Flow (Voco,Germany) after retentive slots were created lingual surfaces of it and lower anterior teeth. Conclusion: At 6-month follow-up, the composite build-up restorations were demon-strated good marginal adaptation and quite acceptable color match. The completed fiber-reinforced-composite splint with the porcelain pontic provided tooth stability and improved function. The treatment outcomes were highly satisfactory for both patient and dentist.



358MERVE ÇAKIRBAY

ANKARA-Turkey

Author: MERVE ÇAKIRBAY-GAZI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;EMRE TOKAR-GAZI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DE-PARMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;BILGE YÜKSEL KÖROĞLU-GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: APPLICATION OF POSTERIOR FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITE BRIDGE



A variety of therapeutic modalities, from implants to conventional Maryland bridges, can be used for the replacement of a missing tooth. Whenever a minimal tooth reduction is preferred fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) bridges can be a good alternative to conventional prosthetic techniques. Fiber-reinforced restorations now represents a lower-cost alternative to traditional metal-ceramic for the construction of resin-bonded prostheses. FRC bridges offer the poten-tial advantages of optimized esthetics, low wear of the opposing dentition and the ability to bond the prosthesis to the abutment teeth, thereby compensating for less-than-optimal abut-ment tooth retention and resistance form. The reinforcement of composite resins by fibers also improves fracture toughness and resistance of the restoration. With the FRC prostheses, there are two approaches on the use of fibers: first is based on conventional tooth prepara-tion and laboratory-made restorations while the other is based on using the fibers in minimally invasive restoration (conservative) by direct or indirect fabrication. The purpose of this case report is to present a clinical case of a single tooth replacement by means of conservative posterior polyethylene FRC bridge using indirect fabrication technique.



362ELIF YASA

IZMIR-Turkey

Institute: SIFA UNIVERSITY

Specialty: RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY

Author: BILAL YASA-IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY, IZMIR, TURKEY;ELIF YASA-SIFA UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY, IZMIR, TURKEY;EBRU KUCUKYILMAZ-IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, IZMIR, TURKEY;MERVE AKCAY-IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY, DE-PARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, IZMIRTURKEY

Title: µTBS OF NANO-BASED AND MDP-BASED ONE STEP SELF-ETCH ADHESIVES ON DEN-TIN



Aim: Since the beginning of the adhesive dentistry scientists and manufacturers have been continously challenged by a general trend to simplify the clinical procedures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate microtensile bond strength of the nano-based and MDP-based one step self-etch adhesives on dentin. Methods and Materials: 30 extracted human third molars were ground flat to expose occlusal dentin and standardized with 600-grit abrasive papers. All teeth were randomly divided into six groups. Two nano-based one-step adhesives (OptiBond All-In-One, Kerr; Futurabond M, Voco), three MDP-based one-step adhesives (All-Bond Uni-versal, Bisco; Scotchbond Universal Adhesive, 3M Espe; Clearfil S3 Bond Plus, Kuraray) and as a control two step self-etch adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond, Kuraray) were used according to manufacturers’ instructions. After adhesive application composite resin blocks were built us-ing Filtek Ultimate Universal Restorative (3M Espe, USA). The restored teeth were sectioned with low speed diamond saw to obtain 1,2×1,2mm bar specimens (n:25/per group) and the µTBS tests were performed (1 mm/min). Microtensile bond strengths were calculated in MPa. Fractured specimens were evaluated by stereomicroscope under 40x magnification. Statisti-cal analysis of the data were analyzed with one way ANOVA and Tukey’s tests (p<0,05). Re-sults: There were significant differences in µTBS on dentin among all groups. Optibond All-In-One exhibited higher bond strength values (30,9±6 MPa) than all other materials. The lowest bond strength was observed in All-Bond Universal (15,3±5,2 MPa). Conclusion: Nano-based one step self-etch adhesives were present higher bonding strength than other MDP-monomer containing one step-self etch adhesives on dentin.


OTHER

26STAVROULA SARAFOPOULOU

THESSALONIKI-Greece

Institute: SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY, THESSALONIKI, GREECE

Author: STAVRIANOS C.-DEPARTMENT OF ENDODONTOLOGY (FORENSIC DENTISTRY), SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY, THESSALONIKI, GREECE ;SARA-FOPOULOU S.-SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, ARISTOTLE UNIVERISITY, THESSALONIKI, GREECE;PAPADOPOULOS C.-DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC SCIENCES (FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY), UNIVERSITY OF GLAMORGAN, WALES, U.K;STAVRIANOU P.-CON-TEMPORARY ENGLISH TEACHER, DATABASE COORDINATOR

Title: MOORREES-FANNING-HUNT METHOD OF AGE ASSESSMENT


Area of view: Other

Age estimation for humans plays an important role in mass disasters and unaccompanied or asylum-seeking minors in the absence of documents. It also contributes to anthropology, forensic sciences, archaeology where age at death is estimated for skeletal remains. Ad-ditionally, age diagnostics of living individuals in criminal proceedings has become an es-sential part of forensic practice. Assigning an age to a living child of unknown identity may be necessary when the child is suspected of a crime, when penal codes differentiate. In literature, there are different methods studying the development, maturity and tooth eruption for the purpose of estimating biological age from the teeth and managing an approximation to the chronological age. Amongst the more popular tooth formation standards is the Moor-rees- Fanning- Hunt method that includes data on crown and root development of both the deciduous and permanent dentition. The practical value of the resulting morphological criteria is reflected in its adoption in numerous subsequent studies. The method has been applied widely and still is cited despite its narrow ethnic base that produces a loss of accuracy when applied to individuals other than those of the original reference populations. Thus, further research is required to investigate population differences in dental formation and make the method more representative by incorporating data based on populations of different ethnic origin. This would be especially useful when the ethnic origin of unidentified juvenile remains is not reliably known.


OTHER

140NATASA PEJCIC

BELGRADE-Serbia

Institute: FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE

Specialty: PHD STUDENT

Author: NATASA PEJCIC-BELGRADE UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, CLINIC FOR PEDI-ATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY;VANJA PETROVIC-BELGRADE UNIVERSITY, FAC-ULTY OF DENTISTRY, CLINIC FOR PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY;NADICA MILJKOVIC-BELGRADE UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGEENERING, SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS DEPARTMANT;MILICA JOVICIC DJURIC-BELGRADE UNI-VERSITY, FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGEENERING, SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS DEPARTMANT;DEJAN POPOVIC-BELGRADE UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGEENERING, SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS DEPARTMANT

Title: ERGONOMIC RISK DURING DENTAL WORK


Area of view: Other

ERGONOMIC RISK DURING DENTAL WORK Nataša Pejčić*, Vanja Petrović, Nadica Miljković, Milica Jovičić-Djurić, Dejan Popović Background: Literature suggests that dentists more than other professions suffer from work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The most prevalent regions for pain in dentist have been shown to be the back and neck. The pur-pose was to assess ergonomic risk level in dentistry, which may contribute to MSDs. Methods and materials: The study included ten dentists, age (33±3.4) in postgraduate studies. Sub-jects were asked to perform typical dental examination in standing and sitting positions. The surface electromyography (EMG) was recorded from both left and right, shoulder muscles: trapezius descedens (T), back muscles: erector spinae (ES), and neck muscles: sternocleido-mastoideus (SCM) and splenius capitis (SC) during dental work. Results: High muscles forc-es greater than 21 percent of MVC, thought to be indicative of high risk, particularly occurred in muscles SC on both sides of the body in sitting position. The medium risk level occurred in the same muscles on both sides in standing position. Left and right T muscles in both, sitting and standing, working positions were under medium ergonomic risk level. Muscles SCM on left and right side of body in both working positions were under low risk level, lower than 10 % of MVC. In sitting position medium risk level occurred in muscles ES on both body sides, while in standing position low risk level occurred in the same muscles. Conclusion: Dentists are known to be exposed to ergonomic risk. By combining both sitting and standing position the risk can be reduced.


OTHER

150GORDANA KOVACEVSKA



Specialty: PROSTHODONTIC

Author: GORDANA KOVACEVSKA.1, -1FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, PHO DENTAL CLINICAL CEN-TER SV. PANTELEJMON, CLINIC FOR PROSTHODONTICS, ;MARIJA ZUZELOVA.2, -2FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA. ;VESNA ANDREEVSKA (*). 3-3PHO DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER SV. PANTELEJMON, CLINIC FOR ORTHODONTICS, SKO-PJE, MACEDONIA.

Title: INTERDISCIPLINARY TREATMENT OF SКELETAL OPEN BITE- CASE REPORT


Area of view: Other

Abstract Background: Surgical- orthodontic treatment in the literature is the most recom-mended treatment for skeletal open bite as orthodontic anomaly. Through this case report we represent the results of skeletal open bite with orthodontic-prosthodontic treatment. Methods and materials: Patient, Z.R. age 22 years, after many years of useless consultations and treatments, came in our Clinic in 2011. After the clinical examination, anamnesis and radio-graphic analyses, we established presence of skeletal open bite, hipodontia of lower second premolars and extraction of 46 tooth.The therapy plan consists of orthodontic fixed appliance in first phase and prosthodontic treatment in second phase. Results: In two years period with regular full-time use of intermaxillary elastics we have achieved satisfying results and over bite of 3 mm. Continuously we did prosthodontic rehabilitation with fixed prosthodontic restorations-bridge in the lower right posterior part. For achievement maximum effects we continue with intermaxillary treatment bilaterally for the curve of Spee leveling. Conclusion: Satisfying results from the interdisciplinary treatment and the satisfying smile of the patient for the therapeutic team present satisfaction and motivation for further interdisciplinary col-laboration in skeletal open bite cases.


OTHER

171RADA KAZAKOVA

PLOVDIV-Bulgaria

Institute: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY - PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Author: RADA KAZAKOVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY - PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR;CHRISTO KISSOV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY - PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS, PROFESSOR;GEORGI TODOROV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY - PLO-VDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS, ASSO-CIATE PROFESSOR;MARIA STOIKOVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY - PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF SOCIAL MEDICINE, DEPARMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR;IVAN SHISHMANOV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY - PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, STUDENT

Title: INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE UPPER LIP’S PHILTRUM AND THE MAXILLARY CENTRAL INCISORS


Area of view: Other

Background. To accomplish optimal aesthetic result, interrelations like the coincidence of the width of the central incisors and width of the upper lip’s philtrum are used. Purpose. The aim of this study is to check whether the width of the central incisors and width of the upper lip’s philtrum coincide in the majority of the population. Materials and Methods. 200 students at Faculty of Dental Medicine of Medical University, Plovdiv were included in the research. Each of them has been photographed six times – three photos at frontal view and three photos at profile view. The pictures were taken in standardized conditions. The measurements were obtained with a program for graphical processing - Corel draw®. In order to achieve objective results, randomization via step two was used. The research was consistent to the protocol of Consort Statement for standardization and publishing clinical researches. The data analysis was done by a program for statistical processing SPSS. Results. There is a coincidence in one third of the research group, bilateral mismatch in one third and unilateral mismatch in the rest of the group. The bilateral coincidence is equal in males and females, the unilateral - in females and the bilateral - in males. Conclusion. The relation should not be used separately for reconstructions in the aesthetical segment of the dentition. Results, close to the individual peculiarities of the given patient, could be achieved by combining this reference with other anthropometric relations. Key words. Aesthetic, anthropometric references, philtrum, central incisors’ width.


OTHER

221DJORDJE BOZOVIC

ISTOCNO SARAJEVO-Bosnia and Herzegovina

Institute: FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF STOMATOLOGY


Author: DJORDJE BOZOVIC-UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPART-MENT OF STOMATOLOGY, REPUBLIKA SRPSKA;MARINA MILINKOVIC-UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF STOMATOLOGY,REPUBLIKA SRPSKA;NEDELJKA IVKOVIC-UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO,FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF STOMATOLOGY, REPUBLIKA SRPSKA;ALEKSANDRA ZUZA-UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO,FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF STOMATOLOGY, REPUBLIKA SRPSKA;SLOBODAN DODIC-UNIVERSITY OF BEOGRAD, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, SRBIJA

Title: CORTISOL AS A STRESS MARKER IN PATIENTS WITH TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISOR-DERS


Area of view: Other

Introduction: The term temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) refers to a heterogeneous group of clinical conditions arising as a result of the structure and function disorders of tem-poromandibular joints (TMJ) and / or masticatory muscles. When it comes to the etiology of the last 10 years a lot of attention paid to the psychological and psychosocial factors as causes of TMD. In fact, stress is often associated with TMD where the value of cortisol in sa-liva can be used as an objective indicator of its presence. The aim of the study was to deter-mine whether there were differences in the amount of cortisol in saliva between patients with TMD and control groups. Materials and Methods: The study included 60 students of the first and second year of the faculty of Medicine in Foca were divided into two groups, 30 students with and 30 without symptoms of TMD. After conducting diagnostic procedures using proto-cols RDC / TMD during the hours of afternoon started taking the samples of mixed, unstimu-lated saliva with indirect method, which involves the use of salivettes (Salivette, Sarstedt, Germany). Cortisol concentrations were determined by immunoassay ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) test. Cortisol values were expressed in nmol/l. Results: Using Mann-Whitney test we noticed that value of cortisol strongly increased in the students with TMD during the period without examination with high statistical significance of p<0.01 in compari-son to the control group. Conclusion: Increased stress confirms the multifactorial etiology of TMD further complicating successful treatment of this disease. Keywords: cortisol, temporo-mandibular dysfunction


OTHER

339ZLATKO GEORGIEV


Institute: FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITY

Specialty: CHILD AND PREVENTIOVE DENTISTRY

Author: GEORGIEV ZLATKO-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITY \;KOVAČEVSKA IVONA-FACULTY OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY \;SOTIROVSKA-IVKOVSKA ANA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITY \;ZABOKOVA-BILBILOVA EFKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, UNI-VERSITY \;DIMOVA CENA-FACULTY OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY

Title: PREPARING THE DENTAL PULP FOR HISTOPATHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION


Area of view: Other

INTRODUCTION: Adequate dental pulp fixation has always been a challenge, because the artifact resulting from inadequate fixation often is described as evidence of pathosis. For that, the developments of models are needed for better histological investigation. AIM: The aim of our study was to identify and evaluate the histological condition of the pulp in teeth of humans, with adequate preparation the tissue. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The pulps used for this research had originated from intact deciduous teeth without signs of physiological resorption. Immediately after the extraction, each tooth was cut perpendicularly to its long axis with rotating carborundum disc under a water jet. The separated halves were parted with plastic instrument, and the tooth pulp was excavated completely. The histological findings were performed on a light microscope Orthoplan Leitz-Wetzlar and on a TEM - Tesla BS 500 (60KV). RESULTS: Normal deciduous dental pulp is characterized by the presence of a loose connective tissue, with the main cells - the fibroblasts. The pulp also contains odontoblasts, immunocompetent cells (lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells), and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. DISCUSSION: Embedded in hard dental tissues – dentin, the pulp tis-sue is very difficult to examine, and obtained real histological pictures for it. Dropping a tooth in a jar of formalin is inadequate. Also is inadequate to section the apical 2-3 mm of the root. Incompletely is the technique of vital pulpectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Immediately after tooth extraction, must be execute the excavation of dental pulp, and examination, without deminer-alization, or any damage of cells.


OTHER

415NORA BERISHA

PRISTINA-Serbia

Author: NORA BERISHA-UNIVERSITY OF PRISTINA, DENTISTRY, DEPART-MENT OF ORTHODONTICS;JETA KELMENDI-UNIVERSITY OF PRISTINA, DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF DENTAL PATHOLOGY AND ENDODONTICS;MERITA BERISHA-NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC HEALTH OF KOSOVA;RESMIJE ADEMI-UNI-VERSITY OF PRISTINA, DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL SURGERY

Title: PATIENTS PREFERENCE ACCORDING TO DOCTORS GENDER AND AGE


Area of view: Other

Background:Female doctors appear to communicate differently with their patients than male doctors, it is unclear how it affects patient satisfaction. The aim of this study was to explore and describe patients preferences about the gender and age of doctors before and after the treatment, also their satisfaction for their treatment. Material and methods:139 patients par-ticipated voluntary in this research, in UDCCK. The patients were asked to complete a ques-tionnaire prepared especially for this research, before entering the intervention rooms and after they had their intervention. They were asked about their preference about the gender and age of the doctor before and after they had their intervention. The data obtained were processed with SPSS and the statistical parameters were calculated. Results:The reason the patients came for a check-up was pain in 54.7%. From the whole sample 67.7% had their intervention in the department of oral surgery wile the other percentage had their interven-tion in the department of dental pathology and endodontics. Before extraction in oral surgery the most preferred gender was male with 58.1%, the extraction was performed in 52.7% from female doctors and after the intervention 51.4% preferred female doctors. Conclusion:From our result we can conclude that the patients who had extractions changed their preference according to the gender. Dentists should encourage and educate patients and their family members to have regular dental visits, to encourage them for a better oral hygiene. Also to work with patients to eliminate the stigma in believing that only in male doctors can perform extraction.

Mother Teresa MuseumSkopje

Mother Teresa MuseumSkopje

PosterPresentations

Skopje


COMUNITY DENTISTRY

65 NADYA AVRAMOVA SOFIA-Bulgaria

Institute: MEDICAL UNIIVERSITY - SOFIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF DENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH

Specialty: DENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH

Author: NADYA AVRAMOVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-SOFIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DE-PARTMENT OF DENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH;KRASSIMIRA YANEVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-SOFIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF DENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH

Title:MOTIVATION FOR CAREER CHOICE AND FACTORS INFLUENCING JOB SATISFACTION OF BULGARIAN DENTISTS

Preferable Presentation type: Poster Presentation

Area of view: Community Dentistry Background: Motives related to the choice of profession have the potential to determine future job satisfaction. The objective of this research was to investigate Bulgarian dentists’ perceived motivation for their choice of career and the main factors related to the level of their job satis-faction. Methods and materials: An anonymous self-administrated questionnaire consisted of 37 questions was mailed to a random sample of 1427 dentists from 107 cities, towns and villag-es in Bulgaria. The study was conducted in 2012 Nov-Dec. Results: A response rate of 30.5% (n=436) was achieved, 190(44%) were male and 246(56%) – female, aged 26-69 years. Nearly 1/5 of the dentists – 80(18.35%) chose the dental profession influenced by their parents, rela-tives, friends or another dental doctor. The other motives that influenced their decision were re-lated to the features of the job: “provides independence” - 278(63.76%); “humane and noble” – 176(40.37%); “financial security”- 108(24.77%); “with recognized authority”- 104(23.85%) and other motives – 42(9.63%) as respondents pointed more than one answer. The level of overall job satisfaction was 67%. A 3-point Likert-type scale was used to determine the level of influ-ence of different work environment factors on job satisfaction. Good clinical results (77%), “to help others” (59%), professional independence (59%) and respect from being a dentist (55%) were the most satisfying work areas. Conclusion: Bulgarian dentists experience high level of job satisfaction. Findings of this study show the issues that need special attention to increase the level of job satisfaction and thus improve all dental care system.


COMUNITY DENTISTRY

242 JASMINA TEKIĆ BELGRADE-Serbia

Institute: DENTAL UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE

Specialty: PREVENTIVE STOMATOLOGY

Author: MR.SC.DR JASMINA TEKIĆ-DENTAL UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE;PROF.DR VIDOSAV MAJSTOROVIĆ-FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, BELGRADE. ;DOC.DR AN-GELINA NIKODIJEVIĆ-DENTAL UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE;PROF.DR DRAGOSLAV STAMENKOVIĆ-DENTAL UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE;PROF.DR DEJAN MARKOVIĆ-DENTAL UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE

Title: MODELS OF EXCELLENCE IN DENTAL HEALTH CARE - STATE AND FU-TURE DEVELOP-MENT


Area of view: Community Dentistry Abstract: The evolution of concept development, quality management, ranging from models of inspection through quality control, quality assurance, quality management (QMS), total qual-ity management and business izvršnošću. These models are first created in industry and later spread to services. Here we explore the development of models of business excellence (BE) for the service area, and especially for dental health care. Keywords: Quality management, dental health care, development, model of excellence.


COMUNITY DENTISTRY

417 AMARIEI CORNELIU CONSTANTA-Romania

Author: PROF. DR. CORNELIU AMARIEI-PHD SCHOOL, OVIDIUS UNIVERSITY, CONSTANTA, ROMANIA;DRD. MIHAELA MOISEI-PHD SCHOOL, OVIDIUS UNIVERSITY, CONSTANTA, ROMANIA

Title: THE EVOLUTION OF PROPHYLACTIC SERVICES OF DENTAL CARE IN THE SOUTH-EASTERN REGION OF ROMANIA


Area of view: Community Dentistry Introduction: The health care system is considered as the best method to control the illness-related risk and its costs. In Romania health insurance was introduced in 1997 and included dental care. Although the European platform provides same quality services for all the member countries, in Romania the funds are 10 times smaller. Purpose: The purpose of this study is the comparative approach of the evolution of the prophylactic dental services for the 0 – 18 age group in the counties of the South-Eastern region of Romania. Method: The agglomera-tion indicators were calculated for the main prophylactic activities included in the basic pack-age provided by the social health services. The informational support consisted of the reports of the dentists under contract with the National House of Health Insurance in every county (Galati, Tulcea, Buzau, Vrancea, Braila, Constanta). Results: The crowding indicators reg-istered high differences between counties : prophylactic appointments (2008-2011) – Galati (3651 and 3982) and Vrancea (350). Professional brushing: Tulcea 2008(1617) and 2011(837) and Buzau 2008(446) and 2011(208). Fluoridations: Galati 2008(359) and Braila 2008(608); Tulcea 2011(1150) and Vrancea 2011(361). Sealing: Constanta 2008(3861) and 2011(3566) and Braila 2008(495) and 2011(754). Conclusions: The comparative analysis shows important differences between different counties of the same region but the bigger problem is that in Ro-mania the funds for Oral Health are extremely low.



107 STELA NICHEVA

PLOVDIV-Bulgaria

Institute: FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY PLOVDIV

Specialty: OPERATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS, PHD STUDENT

Author: STELA NICHEVA-DEPARTMENT OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS, FAC-ULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, PLOVDIV, BULGARIA;SVETLIN AL-EXANDROV-DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDI-CINE, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, PLOVDIV, BULGARIA;IVAN FILIPOV-DEPARTMENT OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, MEDI-CAL UNIVERSITY, PLOVDIV, BULGARIA;GEORGI TODOROV-DEPARTMENT OF PROS-THETIC DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, PLOVDIV, BULGARIA

Title: CONSTRUCTION OF AN ACTIVE GRIPPING DEVICE FOR A UNIVERSAL MICROTENSILE TESTING MACHINE


Area of view: Dental Biomaterials and Devices Introduction Microtensile bond strength tests evaluate the strength of the adhesive interface between restorative materials and specific enamel and dentin regions. To attach the speci-mens to the testing machine various active and passive gripping devices were created. Disad-vantage to most of them are the time consuming replacements and frequent damages of the specimens during the experiments. Aim To present a modification of an active gripping device for a universal microtensile testing machine. Materials and methods For the microtensile test-ing apparatus LMT 100 (LAM Technologies) we created an additional retention steel element, allowing active grip of the specimens. Results The retention device enables sustain of constant experimental conditions, ease of attachment, quick replacement, and uniaxial stress of the samples. Conclusion The presented modification of the retention device may be used as a gripping element for the LMT 100 apparatus when microtensile bond strength is experimentally evaluated. Key words: microtensile bond strength, active gripping device.


ENDODONTOLOGY

43 DURSUN ALI SIRIN ISTANBUL-Turkey Specialty: ENDODONTICS Author: DURSUN ALI SIRIN-GUMUSSUYU MILITARY HOSPITAL ISTANBUL/TURKEY;PARLA MEVA GERNI-MARMARA UNIVERSITY DENTAL FACULTY ISTANBUL/TURKEY

Title: THE TREATMENT OF THREE ROOTED AND CANALLED MAXILLARY LEFT SECOND PRE-MOLAR TOOTH (A CASE REPORT)


Area of view: Endodontology

INTRODUCTION: The possibility of three canals and roots in maxillary second premolars is quite small(% 0.6-1.1); however, it must be taken into account in clinical and radiographic evaluations during endodontic treatment. Many times their presence is noticed only after canal treatment, due to continuing postoperative discomfort. This article describes a clinical case of three-canal maxillary second premolars that are endodontically treated. CASE REPORT: A 20 years old male patient was suffering maxillary left second premolar tooth. After clinical and radyographical examination that was decided to perform canal treatment. During canal treat-ment that was noticed his tooth had 3 canals. These were localized ; one canal was palatinal, two canals were buccal section. These canals were prepared untıl F3 size protaper niti instru-ments and obturated F3 protaper sıngle cone guta-percha. CONCULUSION: in order to ac-complish a successful endodontic treatment it is indispensable to fiil a root canal up to apical foramen such that it is hermetically sealed and leakage avoided. Differences can exist in root canal configurations depending on various factors and ethnic origin may be taken into account as one of these factors: it is important to determine and recognize thoroughly the morphology and anatomy of root canals since type of the root canal, accessory and lateral canals, trans-verse anastomosing structures, positions of apical delta and apical foramen are the main fac-tors which may hinder a successful endodontic treatment.


ENDODONTOLOGY

48 LJILJANA KULIĆ FOČA-Bosnia and Herzegovina

Institute: UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF MEDICINE

Specialty: RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS Author: LJILJANA KULIĆ-UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPART-MENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS;JELENA ERIĆ-UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: PERIAPICAL HEALTH RELATED TO THE QUALITY OF ENDODONTIC TREATMENT AND CORONAL RESTAURATIONS



INTRODUCTION: The assessment of endodontic treatment and coronal restaurations require clinical as well as radiographical follow-ups at regular intervals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the quality of root fillings and the quality of coronal restaurations on periapical health. METHODS AND MATERIALS: This study involved each adult (>20 years old) seeking routine dental care in Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Panoramic radiographs of all participants and additional periapical radiographs of affected teeth were processed. The periapical areas of all teeth with the exception of third molars, were examined and the quality of root fillings were evaluated for both apical extension and homogenity. The periapical status was assessed using the \


ENDODONTOLOGY

49 DAJANA NOGO ŽIVANOVIĆ FOČA-Bosnia and Herzegovina


Specialty: RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS

Author: DAJANA NOGO ŽIVANOVIĆ-UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS;LJILJANA KULIĆ-UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF RESTOR-ATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS;BRANKICA DAVIDOVIĆ-UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS;JELENA ERIĆ-UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF MEDI-CINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: TECHNICAL QUALITY OF ENDODONTIC TREATMENT IN AN ADULT BOSNIAN SUBPOPU-LATION


Area of view: EndodontologyINTRODUCTION: Endodontic treatment is an essential part of comprehensive quality dental care. The aim of this study was to investigate the quality of endodontic treatment and the inci-dence of iatrogenic errors in an adult Bosnian subpopulation. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 192 panoramic radiographs of all participants and additional periapical radiographs of affected teeth were evaluated in Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The technical quality of root fillings were evaluated for both apical extension and homogenity. The length of each root canal filling was categorized as acceptable, short and overfilled based on their relationship with the radiographic apex. Density and taper of filling was evaluated based on the presence of voids and the uniform tapering of the filling, respectively.The presence of root perforation and fractured instruments were also in-vestigated. Root canal fillings were classified either as Good Quality Endodontic Work (GQEW) or Non-Good Quality Endodontic Work (NGQEW). RESULTS: A total of 502 root-filled teeth were examined. There were acceptable length of canal fillings in 65.0% of teeth, 58.5% were homogeneous while 66.1% were GQEW. Adequate fillings were found more in maxillary than mandibular teeth (p<0.05), anterior compared to posterior teeth (p<0.05) and in straight canals compared to curved canals (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: The technical quality of root canal treat-ment using step-back preparation and cold lateral condensation was classified as acceptable in 66.1% subjects. There is a need to improve the technical quality of root fillings, especially in molar teeth.


ENDODONTOLOGY

69 TARIK TOKER ISTANBUL-Turkey Specialty: ENDODONTICS Author: TARIK TOKER-GUMUSSUYU MILITARY HOSPITAL ISTANBUL TURKEY;DURSUN ALI SI-RIN-GUMUSSUYU MILITARY HOSPITAL ISTANBUL TURKEY

Title: SUCCESSFUL HEALING OF MANDIBULAR ANTERIOR PERIAPICAL LESIONS WITH NON-SURGICAL ENDODONTIC APPROACH (A CASE REPORT)



Introduction Pulpal tissue necrosis transforms the pulpal chamber into an unprotected environ-ment. This causes inflammatory periapical lesions. It should be initially treated with conserva-tive nonsurgical procedures. Studies have reported a success rate of up to 85% after endodon-tic treatment of teeth with periapical lesions. Various methods can be used in the nonsurgical management of periapical lesion. In this case report, we preferred routine root canal treatment and calcium hydroxide techniques . Case Report A 26 year female patient was referred with pain and swelling in mandibular anterior incisors to our clinic. Clinical examination revealed tender swelling on periapical gingival tissues and the patient was reactive to percussion on all incisor teeth. Radiography demonstrated a large radiolucent lesion around the roots. There were no caries, crack or traumatic symptom on incisors. We assumed that the patient had been suffering chronic occlusal trauma.Root canal therapy was planned for all incisors and cleaning and shaping were performed by using rotary Ni-Ti files. Since there was purulent discharge from the canals, calcium hydroxide was placed as intra canal medicament for repeatedly 3 times,each session lasting 3 weeks.When the patient was asymptomatic teeth were obturated .6-12 mounhts post treatment radiographs revealed progressive healing. Conclusion Nonsurgi-cal management of periapical lesions have shown a high success rate. A nonsurgical approach should always be adopted before resorting to surgery. When there is no drainage of fluid from the canals, calcium hydroxide or the triple antibiotic paste can prove beneficial.


ENDODONTOLOGY

106 ELENA BOYADZHIEVA PLOVDIV-Bulgaria

Institute: FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE

Specialty: OPERATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS

Author: IVAN FILIPOV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY ;KREMENA MARKOVA-DRANGOVA-FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE;ELENA BOYADZHIEVA-DEPARTMENT OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS

Title: EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF PHOTO ACTIVATED DISINFECTION ON MODEL BIOFILM SEM RESULTS



Failure and complications after endodontic treatment , are often connected with insufficient removal of microorganisms and poor disinfection . The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the application of photoactivated disinfection on biofilm from Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans . Materials and methods Freshly extracted , one root teeth were pre-pared using a sequence of rotary nickel-titanium endodontic files (ProTaper ; Dentsply ; Maile-fer) . The teeth were autoclaved at 121°C , 1.2 atm for 20 minutes . The root canal surfaces were sealed with nailpolish . The root canals were inoculated , with planktonic suspension of Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis. The teeth were incubated with nutrient (15 days , anaerobically at 37°C) . A photosensitizer was applied – Toluidine Blue 0.01% and photoacti-vated disinfection was performed using LED light source (FotoSan ; CMS Dental) , 630 nm for 30 seconds . SEM was performed . Results In the range of 600 to 8000 , SEM showed signifi-cant reduction of microorganisms from the canal system. A large increase in microorganisms was observed, showng a disturbance in the cell membrane , as effect from the activation of chromophore with the laser . Evaluation The effect of photoactivated desinfection can be an auditional therapeutic method , which contributes the routine endodontic treatment . Key words : photodynamic therapy , photoactivated disinfection , photosensitizer , endodontic treatment .


ENDODONTOLOGY

121 EMRE BODRUMLU

City: SAMSUN

Country: TurkeyInstitute: ONDOKUZ MAYIS UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRYSpecialty: ENDODONTICS

Author: EMRE BODRUMLU-ONDOKUZ MAYIS UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY ENDODON-TICS DEPARTMENT;EBRU HAZAR BODRUMLU-ONDOKUZ MAYIS UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

Title: EFFICIENCY OF TWO IRRIGATION SOLUTIONS ON THE APICAL LEAKAGE



EFFICIENCY OF TWO IRRIGATION SOLUTIONS ON THE APICAL LEAKAGE Emre Bodrum-lu*, Ebru Hazar Bodrumlu Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Dentistry, Endodontics Depart-ment, Samsun/TURKEY Background: Hermetic sealing of the root canal system is necessary for preventing reinfection of the teeth which is essential for the success of endodontic therapy. The objective of this study was to assess the apical leakage of the root canals obturated with the gutta-percha/2seal and Guttaflow irrigated with two different irrigants. Methods and Materials: A total of 50 teeth with single straight root canals were randomly divided into two equal groups of 20 samples each, with the other 10 teeth (5 positive and 5 negative) used as controls. Each irrigation group was divided into two groups according to the use of root canal obturation materials (n = 10). The root canals were prepared using step-back technique and irrigation with either 2.5% sodium hypochlorite or 1.3% NaOCl+MTAD solutions and then dried with paper points. The specimens were obturated with gutta-percha/2seal and GuttaFlow. All specimens were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes in 2% Rhodamine B dye solution. Dye penetration was measured from the apical to the coronal part of the root canal using a stereo-microscope with an ocular micrometer. Results: 1.3% NaOCl+MTAD irrigation solution groups showed less leakage values than the NaOCl groups. There is no significant statistically differ-ence in amount of leakage values between gutta-percha/2seal and Guttaflow groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The sealing ability of GuttaFlow and gutta-percha/2seal obturation materials were increased with 1.3% NaOCl+MTAD irrigation.


ENDODONTOLOGY

189 ERGYSEJDA HOXHA TIRANE-Albania


Specialty: ENDODONTIC

Author: ERGYSEJDA HOXHA*-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,TIRANE;ENIDA PETRO-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,TIRANE;DANIELA KUME-PERSONAL CLINIC;DIANA BROVINA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,TIRANE

Title: PATIENT BEHAVIOR DURING ENDODONTIC TREATMENT IN ALBANIA



PATIENT BEHAVIOR DURING ENDODONTIC TREATMENT IN ALBANIA Background :The aim of this study was to evaluate and describe patients behavior during endodontic treatments in Albania. Endodontic treatment sometime needs more than one appointment and in this cas-es patients needs to come many time in the office, and his corporation is fundamental. Material and method:100 patients of different age were evaluated for their behavior during endodontic treatment. We divided them in groups based on age, sex and numbers of appointments need-ed for endodontic treatment. The study was statistically analized. Results: Women’s behavior was better than men’s .All patients in the study wanted to finish treatment in one or two ap-pointments. Conclusion :Patients behavior during dental treatment changes in different coun-tries. Is better for both patient and dentist to finish the treatment in 1-2 appointments because after two appointments patients get tired and in some cases decide to better extract the tooth.


ENDODONTOLOGY

198 XHANINA GAVAZI TIRANA-Albania

Institute: KLINIKA STOMATOLOGJIKE UNIVERSITARE

Specialty: ENDODONTOLOGY

Author: XHANINA GAVAZI-KLINIKA STOMATOLOGJIKE UNIVERSITARE;NEADA HYSENAJ

Title: CHRONIC APICAL ABSCESS ASSOCIATED WITH INTRAORAL FISTULA



INTRODUCTION Considering the complex anatomy of root canal and elimination of bacteria, it is necessary for healing, the use of a root canal dressing which has been recommended in teeth with chronic periapical lesions to reach areas not accessible by instrumentation ensur-ing so the prevention and treatement of present periapical abscess and fistulation. Calcium hydroxide has been recommended because of its antibacterial and biological properties,that it has. The main purpose is to eliminate the fistula and to induce the bone regeneration. MA-TERIALS AND METHODS We have treated ten patients with periapical abcess associated with intraoral fistulation. After mechanical preparation of the root canals,using 5,25% NaOCl as irrigating solution,a calcium hydroxide paste was used till the apex level.After we ensured a two week temporary filling.We performed then the permanent root canal therapy. The evalua-tion was based on clinical examination and radiographic assessment. RESULTS After the first treatment session there were no more leakage from the fistula.All the patient were treated with the same treatement aproach. Only one of the patient underwent extraction.The periabscessal zone healed completely and it will be filled up with new bone.The fistulation healed spontane-ously. CONCLUSION Calcium hydroxide has shown clinical efficiency in reducing exudate due to its hygroscopic and antibacterial properties and in stimulating apical and periapical repair, with no discomfort hereby treated properly the chronic periapical abscess.


ENDODONTOLOGY

294ERHAN TAHAN

RIZE-Turkey

Author: ERHAN TAHAN*-RTE UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ENDODONTICS;TAMER TAŞDEMİR-KTÜ UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DE-PARTMENT OF ENDODONTICS ;-;-;-

Title: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CLEANING EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT ENDODONTIC IRRI-GATION METHODS AND ER,CR:YSGG LASER IRRADIATION



A Comparative Study of Cleaning Efficacy of Different Endodontic Irrigation Methods and Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Irradiation Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the remov-al of debris and smear layer from root canal walls after use of different endodontic irrigaton methods and Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation. Methods and materials: Sixty human canines were distributed into four experimental groups according to the final irrigation/agitation protocols after chemomechanical preparation. Conventional syringe irrigation with side-vented needle (group 1), passive ultrasonic irrigation (group 2), laser active irrigation with Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation (group 3) and apical negative pressure irrigation (EndoVac system) (group 4) were performed to the root canals for 6 min (3 min for active irrigation and additional 3 min for pas-sive) totally. A combination of 2.5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA was used during final irrigation. Roots were split longitudinally and evaluated under SEM at x1000 to compare the amount of debris and smear layer scores in each third. Data were analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (α = 0.05). Results: Conventional syringe irrigation and Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation left significantly more debris (p < 0.05) inside the canals, while ultrasonic ir-rigation and EndoVac were the most effective methods (p < 0.05) for debris removal. Although none of the irrigation/agitation protocols completely removed the smear layer from canal walls, EndoVac system followed by ultrasonic irrigation was significantly more effective (p < 0.05). Conclusion: EndoVac system was found as a successful method for cleaning the root canal walls when compared with other irrigation methods.


ENDODONTOLOGY

324FATMA AYTAÇ

TOKAT-Turkey

Institute: UNIVERSITY OF GAZIOSMANPASA FACULTY OF DENTISTRY


Author: İSMAİL ÖZKOÇAK-UNIVERSITY OF GAZIOSMANPASA FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF ENDODONTICS;FATMA AYTAÇ-UNIVERSITY OF GAZIOSMANPASA FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;B.BÜŞRA CEVVAL ÖZKOÇAK-UNIVERSITY OF GAZIOSMANPASA FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF ORAL DIAGNOSIS AND RADIOLOGY;BADE SONAT-UNIVERSITY OF ANKARA FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF ENDODONTICS

Title: ROLE OF CHRONICAL OCCLUSAL TRAUMA ON PERIAPICAL PATHOSIS: TWO CASE RE-PORTS



Aim: To present two clinical cases of chronic apical periodontitis caused by chronical occlusal trauma. Summary: Case-1: A 21-year old female was referred to the department with light per-cussion sensitivity and light tingle in the lower right incisor central. On clinical examination; the tooth was found have a very light percussion and did not answer the vitality test. There was no caries lesion on the tooth. The patient had a deep bite. On radiographic examination; the presence of lesion at the apex was determined. Case-2: A 23-year old female was referred to the department with light color change in the lower right incisor central. On clinical examina-tion; there was no caries lesion on the tooth. But the tooth did not answer the vitality test. The patient was class 2 deep bite, but this could not be understood as extraoral. On radiographic examination; the presence of lesion at the apex was determined. Treatment procedures: Root canal preparations were completed in the first appointment, and calcium hydroxide dress-ing were performed to root canals for 2 weeks. To avoid direct contact and eliminate chronic trauma incisal surfaces of the teeth were eroded. Then, the root canals were filled with AH Plus root canal sealer and gutta-percha. The patients were called periodic controls. After the success of root canal treatments intracoronal bleaching treatments were made. Restoration of teeth were made with composite resin. After one-year and five-year from treatments the teeth were asempthomatic, healthy and functional. Conclusion: Traumatic occlusion is an important factor plays a role in the initiation and progression of pulp inflammation.


ENDODONTOLOGY

386LAUREN MUHAMETAJ

TIRANA-Albania

Author: LAUREN MUHAMETAJ*-UNIVERSITY OF TIRANA SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY;PROF.AS.DR.ROZARKA BUDINA-UNIVERSITY OF TIRANA, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY

Title: EVALUATION OF WAVE B CONDENSATION VERSUS LATERAL CONDENSATION ROOT CANAL FILLING TECHNIQUE


Area of view: Endodontology Aim: Evaluation of the efficacy of two root canal filling techniques; Wave B condesation with warmed guttapercha versus lateral condensation of guttapercha cones. Material and methods: 50 extracted teeth were prepared using 17% EDTA, 6% NaClO and Protaper files then divided into two groups. The first group was filled using lateral condensation of guttapercha cones and the second group using wave B condensation of warmed guttapercha (Meta Obturator). All the teeth were cut horizontally in two sections 3mm and 6mm from the apex and analyzed using a camera with high magnification (40X). The area of the canal filled with guttapercha was calculated using density analazying software. The data were statistically evaluated us-ing nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA and Mann-Whitney. Results:The sections of wave B condensation of warm guttapercha had a higher percentage of filled area (p<0.05)compared with group 1 (lateral condensation) Conclusion: Wave B condensation of warmed guttapercha rrot canal filling technique ensures a better three dimensional obturation of the root canal sys-tem in comparison with lateral condensation. This is better noticed in iregular shaped canals.


ENDODONTOLOGY

424DARKO CEKOV

KOCANI-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: VIVADENT

Author: DARKO CEKOV, VASKO KOCEVSKI, DEJAN STOJKOVSKI

Title: ENDODONTIC TREATMENT – REVIEW OF ENDODONTIC TREATED TEETH WITH PERY-APICAL INFECTION



Purpose of the research: The main purpose of the research is a representation of the results of a successful endodontic treatment for preservation of the teeth that are incoplitelytreted. Used materials: In this case we used, H2o2, EDTA gel, iodoform paste, graduated gutta-percha, en-domethasone and glass ionomer cement, endodontic manual and mechanical wideners and Apex locator from the company Diadent. Method of work – Method of vertical condensation Case: The patients are a man and women at between 19 and 30 years old who had pain in the periapical region of the teeth, in the carrier teeth . The patients were directed to a RTG cabinet. After the review of the RTG shots we concluded incomplete endodontic treatment of all the teeth . We started treatment by removing the felings and root canal feling.. When we got some dry space to work we started locating the genuine root channels with manual endodontic wideners. After the opening of the root channels we added H2o2 and EDTA gel in the process, once a week alternately. When the pain in the periapical region reduced we filled the chan-nels with iodoform paste and left them for 10 days. After 10 days we removed the paste and began filling the channels. We started this part of the treatment by isolating and protection of the anatomic root channel with Vaseline isolated wooden pegs placed in the root channel. The damaged dentin and cement around the pegs was filled with glass ionomer cement. When the cement solidified we removed the pegs. Then we measured the length of the channels with an apex locator and thus filled the channels with permanent filling and gutta-percha. In the end we made an RTG shot just for precaution. After 10 days we applied final feling into the rooth canal and we made a superstructure of the tooth with Nano composit. Conclusion:After the successful endodontic treatment the pain disappeared and the patients felt a lot better under mastication. There was no pain even under movement in the night hours.


ENDODONTOLOGY

430EFFROSYNI TSITROU1

THESSALONIKI-Greece

Institute: DEPARTMENT OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY, SCHOOL OF CLINICAL DENTISTRY, ARISTO-TLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI

Author: EFFROSYNI TSITROU1, KOSTANTINOS PAPADOPOULOS*1, EUGENIA KOLINIOTOU-KOUBIA1, DEPARTMENT OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY, SCHOOL OF CLINICAL DENTIST-RY, ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI

Title: MINIMALLY PREPARED RESIN BONDED CEREC INLAYS; CASE REPORT PRESENTA-TION



Background: Minimally invasive restorative treatment options demonstrate promising results. It has been reported that the use of minimal preparation designs does not compromise the immediate post-operative structural integrity of the restored teeth1. Furthermore, the evolution of CAD/CAM tech-niques and of adhesive materials provides more options for minimal intervention techniques.

Materials and Methods: This study describes two cases, which were treated with minimal resin bonded ceramic inlays. Caries lesions were located in the proximal region of the teeth either mesi-ally or distally. Caries were detected after clinical examination and radiographically and located on the dentoenamel junction. The cavities were round shaped with 1mm occlusal reduction, a U shaped proximal box 1mm wide and parallel walls. The inlays were fabricated using feldspathic ceramic and a chairside CAD/CAM system (CEREC, Sirona). A resin cement (Variolink II, Ivoclar-Vicadent) was used to adhesively cement the restorations. The restorations were assessed using modified USPHS criteria.

Results: At the three month review both cases were recorded as Alpha.

Conclusions: The preliminary results of this study indicate no failures after 3 months of function.



2 BILJANA KAPUSEVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: STOMATOLOSKI FAKULTET - SKOPJE, JZU STOMATOLOSKI KLINICKI CENTAR,


Author: KAPUSEVSKA BILJANA-STOMATOLOSKI FAKULTET - SKOPJE, JZU STOMATOLOSKI KL-INICKI CENTAR,;CO-AUTHORS:-;STAVREVA NATASA, MIJOVSKA ANETA-STOMATOLOS-KI FAKULTET - SKOPJE, JZU STOMATOLOSKI KLINICKI CENTAR,;

Title: ELECTRIC GNATHODYNAMOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS ON TEETH WITH CLINICALLY MANIFESTED STAGE OF PERIODONTITIS


Area of view: Fixed Prosthodontics The aim is to show the masticatory force of the teeth, who are carriers of fixed partial dentures, whose support system (periodontium), has been diagnosed with a clinically manifested stage of periodontitis(PIR-5). The study is carried on 40 test subjects, and the measuring is done with an electric gnathodynamometer, individually constructed, i.e. electric gauge 500N, cal factor. SPAN 1000. The masticatory force of the mesial carriers before preparation is 43.63N, 24h after the permanent cementing it’s 25.75N, after 6 months it’s 29.50N, and after 18 months it’s 28.12N. While on the distal carriers before preparation it’s 55.25N, 24h after the permanent cementing it’s 34.88N, after 6 months it’s 39.63N. and after 18 months it’s 46.88N. The electric gnathodynamometric measurements show that 24h after the permanent cementing we have the smallest value, but after only 6 months there is a growing tendency. 24h is a short period of time for the compensatory systems to adapt, but after 18 months we can see them at the peak of their efficiency. This speaks in favor of the fact about the adaptation period of the periodon-tium. From the coefficient of the correlation Rxy we see a strong proportional dependency, that points out that there is a symmetricity between the masticatory forces of the mesial and distal carriers before the preparation and 18 months after the permanent cementing. From this fact we can also conclude that any defects in the diseased periodontium need to be taken care of.



11ANETA MIJOSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY- SKOPJE


Author: ANETA MIJOSKA- FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY- SKOPJE;BILJANA KAPUSEVSKA-FAC-ULTY OF STOMATOLOGY- SKOPJE;NATASHA STAVREVA-FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY- SKOPJE;VESNA JURUKOVSKA-FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY- SKOPJE

Title: SMOKING AS RISK FACTOR FOR IMPLANT - PROSTHETIC THERAPY FAILURE


Area of view: Fixed Prosthodontics Background Prosthetic devices placed on implants have predictable success, yet in some cases complications arise. Complications of implant - prosthetic therapy are associated with a range of factors, and smoking is one of them. Smoking cigarettes is linked to number of oral diseases, bone loss, loss of soft tissue and teeth, appearance of periimplantitis and finally implants loss. The objective of this paper is to examine the relationship of smoking habit and implant-prosthetic therapy, whether it has an impact on the process of osseointegration, reten-tion and long-term success of implants. Methods and materials Patients were divided in two groups, smokers and nonsmokers. Criteria data for the success of the therapy were mobility of the implant, pain, periimplant bone loss more than 1.5 mm, absence of technical complica-tions and achieved function and aesthetics for the given period. Results Results have shown that smoking increases the risk of implants loss twice more in smokers than in nonsmokers. Local cofactors are also responsible for numbers of complications and periimplantitis in smok-ers. Conclusion Smoking as a risk factor does not increase the risk of implant loss, but the placement of implants in patients who smoke and have other risk factors should be considered contraindicated. The results will serve dentists for proper assessment and treatment planning, and will provide important information for patients who have this harmful habit.



16SHERIF-SHAQIRI TETOVA-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: CLINIC FOR PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY PROTETIKA AG

Specialty: PROSHODONTIST

Author: KALTRINA SHAQIRI-STUDENT, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, STATE UNIVERSITY OF TETO-VA

Title: PROSTHETIC REHABILITATION OF TEETH WITH RAMPANT (CIRCULAR) CARIES-A CASE REPORT


Area of view: Fixed ProsthodonticsRampant caries is a special form of caries which is frequently manifested by milk teeth (dents deciduous). By permanent dentition it is also manifested. The aim of this paper is to show a rare case of rampant caries by permanent dentition and its prosthetic treatment Rampant caries was prognosticated by a male patient of adult age. The patient, after clinically examination and panoramic X-ray was submitted to the endodontic teeth treatment. The prosthetic treatment began with metal molding post cores for teeth without partial or total crowns. After completion of teeth with metal molding post cores, the procedure continued by prosthetic treatment with metal ceramic crowns. Rampant caries by teeth of permanent dentition is a rare phenomenon. The prosthetic disciplines with their functional abilities of construction and reconstruction, often entirely fulfills the treatment of oral rehabilitation, or in the therapeutic process operated inde-pendently. Fixed prosthetic, in a high per-cent is applied for definitive solution of oral rehabilita-tion of cases. Key words: Rampant caries, permanent dentition, prosthetic treatment.



24 IDIL DIKBAS ISTANBUL-Turkey

Institute: YEDITEPE UN. DIS. HEK. FAK.


Author: UFUK BASOGLU-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;IDIL DIKBAS-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: EFFECT OF RESIN CEMENTS ON THE COLOR OF GLASS-CERAMIC CORE


Area of view: Fixed Prosthodontics Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of resin cement color on color of a lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramic core material (IPS e.max Press). Materi-als and method: A total of 180 discs (MO1 and MO2) shade 15mm in diameter and 1±0.05mm thickness were made from core material. Three different shades belonging to 3 different dual-resin cements (Panavia F 2.0, RelyX U100 and Variolink II) were attached under the spec-imens. Before application, the initial color values were measured by a spectrophotometer. The second spectrophotometric measurement was performed after resin cement application. Color differences were characterized in the Commission Internationale d’Eclairage L*a*b* color space. Color change values (∆E)were converted into NBS units and clinical color differences were evaluated. Results: Panavia Light was detected as the least effective cement in color change among translucent colors applied on MO1 (∆E =7.11) and MO2 (∆E =7.02) colored discs. The cement causing the highest color change among the A3 colors of cements was determined as Variolink A3 (∆E of MO1=12.48, (∆E of MO2=11.72). Panavia Opak caused the least color change (∆E of MO2=2.99) and Variolink Translucent caused the highest color (∆E of MO1=12.91) within all groups. Conclusion: All types and colors of resin cements influenced the shade of overlying glass-ceramic core material.



44CUMHUR KORKMAZ BALIKESIR-Turkey

Author: CUMHUR KORKMAZ*-BALIKESIR MILITARY HOSPITAL DENTAL SERVICE, BALIKESIR/TURKEY;O.CUMHUR SIPAHI-GULHANE MILITARY MEDICAL ACADEMY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS, ANKARA/ TÜRKİYE

Title: MARGINAL FIT COMPARISON OF HIP AND NON-HIP ZIRCONIA COPINGS FABRICATED WITH DIFFERENT FINISH LINES


Area of view: Fixed Prosthodontics Abstract OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this in-vitro study was to compare the marginal fit of hot isostatic pressed (HIP) and non hot isostatic pressed (NON-HIP) zirconia copings with 3 different marginal finish lines fabricated with two different CAD-CAM systems. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 60 stainless steel core specimens were fabricated via CNC machining. The speci-mens had 6 mm height, 1.2 mm finish line width and 6-degree angle axial wall convergence. Twenty of the specimens had 90-degree angled shoulder finish line configuration (SHO), other 20 specimens had chamfer finish line configuration (CHA), and the last 20 specimens had 135-degree angled bevel finish line configuration (BEV). 30 NONHIP zirconia copings with 3 different finish line configurations were fabricated with Cerec inLab CAD-CAM System, and 30 HIP zirconia copings with 3 different finish line configurations were fabricated with DCS Precident CAD-CAM System. Totally 60 zirconia coping specimens were randomly assigned in 6 experimental groups RESULTS: Marginal gap measurements were performed using a stereomicroscope with x150 magnification. Obtained data were analyzed with the SPSS 15.0 statistical software program. The average marginal gap values were obtained as follows, re-spectively: Group SHO/HIP (35,8±13,5 µm) < Group CHA/HIP (44,3±13,3 µm) < Group BEV/HIP (55,7±27,6 µm) < Group CHA/NHIP (60,2±24,4 µm) < Group SHO/NHIP (85,6±25,6 µm) < Group BEV/NHIP (86,6±35,8 µm). Statistically significant difference was found between HIP and NON-HIP groups (p<0.001), and between groups with different finish line configurations (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The total mean achieved by all groups was within the range of clini-cal acceptability.



56ANKICA MITIC BEOGRAD-Serbia

Institute: UNIVERSITY OF PRIŠTINA WITH IT\’S MAIN OFFICE IN KOSOVSKA MITROVICA

Author: ANKICA MITIC-FACULTY OF MEDICINE KOSOVSKA MITROVICA;TATJANA MITIC-DENTAL PRACTICE TIA DENTICO;ANDRIJANA CVETKOVIC-FACULTY OF MEDICINE KOSOVSKA MITROVICA

Title: EDGE OF THE CROWN, DEPENDING ON THE DENTAL ALLOYS AND DENTAL CEMENT


Area of view: Fixed Prosthodontics EDGE OF THE CROWN DEPENDING ON THE DENTAL ALLOYS AND DENTAL CEMENT Introductions: Border closing of marginal integritz,defined as precise adjustment of artificial crown to demarcation,is a priority factor which determines biological suitability and durability of reparation. Purpose: the purpose of work(studies) is to prove which factors affect the quality of border closing:scope of enamel and dentin removal,design of ground tooth,position and shape of demarcation zone, quality of auxiliary and building materials as well as characacteristics of fixating material. Material and methods: extracted human molars were being used. Three types of preparation design have beeb applicated. Crowns were made of gold,palador and viron. Ex-perimental measurment were treated by metalurgical microscope. The Second part of research studies encompasses scanning-electronic microscopic observation o crown border relative to demarcation zone of whetted tooth. Results:Obtained by measuring, are processed statistically and presented through tables and graphs. The work presents micrographs obtained through electronic microscope. Conclusion: The research has proved the complexity of preparing fixed tooth braces. This complexity is reflected in technical-technological method and inadequate contact of the crown with surrounding tissue. Key words: demarcation zone, edge of the crown, prosthetic material for building.



61 BILJANA KAPUSEVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: STOMATOLOSKI FAKULTET - SKOPJE, JZU STOMATOLOSKI KLINICKI CENTAR,

Specialty: PROSTHODONTICS.Author: KAPUSEVSKA BILJANA-STOMATOLOSKI FAKULTET - SKOPJE, JZU STOMATOLOSKI KL-INICKI CENTAR,;CO-AUTHORS:BUNDEVSKA J. -; DEREBAN N. -;DACI A.-;PETKOV M.-

Title: CRAFTING FIXED PARTIAL DENTURES IN SITUATIONS WITH REDUCED PERIODONTAL HEALTH


Area of view: Fixed Prosthodontics The goal is to show the planning of fixed partial dentures, in the context of determining the number of carriers in relation with the empty space and their occlusal surfaces, in correlation with the periodontal health. A clinical observation was carried on 40 patients with reduced periodontal health and diagnosed clinically manifested stage of periodontitis (PiR-5). Deter-mining the degree of the gingival inflammation, the depth of the periodontal pockets (DPP) is numerically expressed with the Ramfjord periodontal disease index for DPP with the use of the “flexible plastic” probe. We marked results in the planning stage, before preparation, after 24h, 6 and 18 months after permanent cementing, where PiR-4 is when the distance between the cementoenamel junction and the bottom of the periodontal pocket is 3mm, PiR-5 is 3-6mm and PiR-6 is more than 6mm. Among our patients the DPP before preparation for 12(30%) mesial and 12(30%) distal carriers was PiR-4 (3mm). The average value for the DPP was 5mm for the observed 28 mesial(70%) and 28 distal(70%) carriers, meaning they had a value of PiR-5. We can conclude that after 18 months, 24(60%) of the mesial and 24(60%) of the distal carriers had a DPP of PiR-4, and 16(40%) mesial and 16(40%) distal carriers had a DPP of PiR-5. The fixed partial dentures had a conservative influence on the periodontium in cases with reduced periodontal health. The reduction of the DPP after 18 months of permanent cementing in com-parison to the planning stages speaks in favor of this conclusion.



112 MARJAN PETKOV SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: SS. CYRIL AND METHODIUS - DENTAL UNIVERSITY OF SKOPJE


Author: MARJAN PETKOV-DENTAL UNIVERSITY OF SKOPJE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODOTICS;BILJANA KAPUSEVSKA-DENTAL UNIVERSITY OF SKOPJE, DEPART-MENT OF PROSTHODOTICS;GORDANA KOVACEVSKA-DENTAL UNIVERSITY OF SKO-PJE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODOTICS;VERA RADOJKOVA-NIKOLOVSKA-DENTAL UNIVERSITY OF SKOPJE, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONONTOLOGY;MARIN PETKOV-P.H.O. PETKOVI

Title: AESTHETIC RECONSTRUCTION OF SHORT- ABRADED CROWNS - CASE STUDY


Area of view: Fixed Prosthodontics Aim: In everyday practice very often we are challenged with patients, who have short- abraded crowns. The aim of this study is to present a prosthetic rehabilitation of these patients. Materials and method: A 45 years old patient having partial anodontia and short- abraded crowns has in-dications for a reconstructive- aesthetical prosthetic rehabilitation. After conservative treatment of the residual teeth, 6 radix ankers were cemented and built-up using composite material. This enabled correction of the occlusal-vertical dimension (OVD) in order to provide the needed space for the prosthodontic restoration. Afterwards, a circukular bridge was fabricated in the maxilla, wich enabled an additional raise of the OVD. Results: The prosthodontic rehabilitation was very good integrated and received by the patient Conclusion: Thanks to the root channel therapy and placed post and cores, the problems of making a fixed prosthetic reconstruction were solved. Also the lost teeth structures were restored and a proper intermaxillary relation was achieved. For all these procedures that enabled a proper reconstructive- aesthetical solu-tion of this case, a 6 months time period was needed. Key words: radix-anker, short abraded crowns, prosthetic rehabilitation, occlusal-vertical dimension (OVD).



141 IVETA KATREVA VARNA-Bulgaria

Institute: FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY- VARNA

Specialty: PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY

Author: IVETA KATREVA *-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY VARNA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY*;SIMEON SIMEONOV-MEDICAL UNI-VERSITY VARNA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY;OGNYAN TIVCHEV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY VARNA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY;VESEL NOVKIRISHKI-DENTAL TECHNICIAN LABORATORY

Title: PROSTHETIC TREATMENT OF SLIGHT ORTHODONTIC IMPERFECTIONS IN FRONT AREA


Area of view: Fixed Prosthodontics ABSTRACT IS MISSING



194 MARIA-HRISTOZOVA-KATSAROVA PLOVDIV-Bulgaria

Institute: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE,PROSTHETIC DENTRISTY DE-PARTMENT


Author: MARIA HRISTOZOVA-KATSAROVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY,FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE,PROSTHODONTIC DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT;PROF. HRISTO KISOV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY,FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE,PROSTHETIC DEN-TISTRY DEPARTMENT;PAVEL NONCHEV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY,FACULTY OF MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHIATRY

Title: PSYCHOMETRIC ASSESSMENTOF INDIVIDUAL ANXIETY IN PATIENT UNDERTAKING AESTHETIC SMILE RECONSTRUCTIONS-A PILOT STUDY



A healthy smile have a tremendous impact on the overall emotional well-being and self-esteem of our patients. Even the most minor esthetic procedures on anterior teeth can be emotionally significant for the patient. The current research investigates anxiety level in patients who seek aesthetic reconstructions of their smile. A questionnaire-methodology was used. The test STAI of Spielberger was administered to 10 patients aged 22 to 65 years, before they were given their diagnostic provisional from a diagnostic wax-up. The patients can be grouped according to gender, age, education and ethnicity. An assessment of the validity of individual results was done. Analysis of the data shows that SA(State Anxiety) is chiefly low. It can be an aspiration for display in a “good light”, presumably as an expulsion of high TA (Trait Anxiety). TA is mostly high and moderate and is a sign of neurotic conflicts and failures. Individuals with low SA show moderate TA, those with moderate SA have high TA, indicating a correlation between the two types of anxiety. Human behavior to the unknown, because of unconscious motivations, ap-pears inexplicable. Dentists treat individuals with their personal idiosyncratic reactions and must have a firm grounding in the study of human behavior and the subtle range between men-tal health and psychopathology. A further investigation is needed for a comprehensive elucida-tion of the interrelationship between personality and its manifestation in the dental situation.



207 GORDANA KOVACEVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia



Author: GORDANA KOVACEVSKA-1FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, PHO DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER SV. PANTELEJMON, CLINIC FOR PROSTHODONTICS, ;VESNA ANDREEVSKA-2PHO DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER SV. PANTELEJMON, CLINIC FOR ORTHODONTICS, ;BIL-JANA KOSEVA-3PHO DR. KOVACEVSKA, ;MARJAN PETKOV-1FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, PHO DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER SV. PANTELEJMON, CLINIC FOR PROSTHODONTICS, ;ALEKSANDAR KOVACEVSKI-4PHO IMPACTA DENTAL, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA.

Title: CERAMIC VENEERS MENAGMENT OF SPACING IN UPPER FRONT TEETH-CURRENT BIOLOGICAL TRENDS



Abstract Background: Current reconstructive bioestetic dentistry discuess the rehabilitation of spacing in the upper front teeth, using aestetic but minimally invasive appliances, designed to look and feel natural, minimally visible, but functional and efficient. The aim of our study it to present the treatment protocol of aestitic rehabilitaion of spacing in the upper front teeth by introduction of ceramic veneers as a minimally invasive technique in rehabilitation and by use of new, contemporary dental materials and devices. Methods and materials: This case report presents the indication area, the dental impression technique, the highly sophisitcated laboratory manufacturing process and the final most important, cementing of the veneers. To improve the apperance and restore the lost aestetics in accordinance with our patients needs and desires, we use the Wax-up technique. Results: Rehabilitation of spacing in the upper front teeth using ceramic venners, completely satisfitied the desires of our patient. It presented a chalenge but also a satisaftion for the patient and the complete team to use minimaly invasive techniques with no tooth structure removal. Conclusion: Using scientific advances in venners manufacturing we can say that the ceramic venners are leading-edge alternative in restorative procedures. Less invasive and less traumatic procedure of the hard and soft tissues and the ultimately satisfing results we see using procelain venners popularize this rehabilitation proce-dure amongst our patients.



210 MARIANA-YANKOVA SOFIA-Bulgaria

Institute: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY


Author: MARIANA YANKOVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY;TODOR UZUNOV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY;TODOR PEEV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETIC DEN-TISTRY

Title: CLINICAL- LABORATORY METHOD FOR RESTORATION OF ADJASENT SEVERELY DAM-AGED ROOT CANAL TREATED TEETH



The building of tooth post and cores on severely damaged or missing tooth crowns of root canal treated teeth has been an object of special preprosthetic preparation. The techniques for building of tooth post and core can be basically divided into two groups – clinical ones and clinical-laboratory ones. The purpose of the present publication is creation of clinical method through direct technique for elaboration of plastic prototype of tooth post and core of self-curing resin which is appropriate when there is lack of fabric plastic prototypes. The advantages of the offered by us clinical-laboratory method for restoration of severely damaged root canal treated teeth are: 1. Shortening of the clinical time 2. The filing down of the fabric temporary crown into tooth post is made technically easier and more precisely in comparison to the technique with consecutively dropping of plastics in the building of the superstructure. 3. The usage of fabric contemporary crown gives the opportunity for exerting grater pressure on the selfcuring resin and more precise reflection of the prepared root surface (without defects) and more correct orientation towards the neighbor and antagonistc teeth. 4. This method gives the opportunity of building several adjacent teeth ( prototyping of future tooth post and cores) in one clinical phase, with the ability to create parallelism between them and their correct location on all planes - frontal, sagittal, and occlusa.l Key words: severely damaged root canal treated teeth, post and core, direct technique



255 SEVCAN KURTULMUS YILMAZ LEFKOSA MERSIN10-Turkey

Institute: NEAR EAST UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY

Specialty: Fixed Prosthodontics

Author: M. MUTAHHAR ULUSOY, DDS, PHD-NEAR EAST UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY ;SEVCAN KURTULMUS-YILMAZ, DDS PHD-NEAR EAST UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY

Title: COMPARISON OF THE TRANSLUCENCY OF DIFFERENT ZIRCONIA CORE MATERIALS



Background: Yttrium partially stabilized polycrystalline zirconia (Y-TZP) is the material of choice for all-ceramic restorations with its excellent mechanical properties. However, the polycrystal-line content causes increased opacity that changes the optical properties of the material. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the translucency of different zirconia cores. Methods and Materials: The translucency of 3 different Y-TZP systems colored with differ-ent techniques was compared with a lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (IPS e.max Press, con-trol group). Tablet shaped specimens with 0.5 mm thickness were fabricated from In-Ceram YZ (YZ), ICE Zirconia (ZZ) and Katana (KTN) systems in A1, A2 and A3.5 shades according to Vitapan Classical shade tab (n=11). The translucencies of specimens were measured us-ing VITA Easyshade Compact spectrophotometer. Translucency parameter was calculated to assess the translucency of systems. Data were statistically analyzed with one-way analysis of variance and Tukey multiple comparison test. Results: The control group was significantly more translucent than the Y-TZP systems (p<0.05). ZZ cores showed the least translucency (p<0.05). Neither YZ nor KTN systems were superior to each other in terms of translucency (p<0.05). For control group, YZ and ZZ systems, there was no statistically significant difference between the different colored cores of the same system. For KTN system ranging from most translusent to least the ranking were A1 > A2 > A3.5 Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that none of the coloring techniques were superior to the other in terms of translucency.



280JAGODA BAJEVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE


Author: BAJEVSKA JAGODA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE; PHO UNIVERSITY CLINICAL CENTRE ST. PANTELEJMON - SKOPJE;BAJEVSKA JANA-;BAJEVSKA STEFANOSKA BIL-JANA-;JURUKOVSKA SOTAROVSKA VESNA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE; PHO UNIVERSITY CLINICAL CENTRE ST. PANTELEJMON - SKOPJE

Title: ERRORS RELATED WITH FABRICATION OF METAL-CERAMIC RESTORATIONS



During processing and after luting the metal-ceramic restoration in the patient\’s mouth there can be failure outcomes regarding the appliance itself. The longevity of the metal-ceramic res-toration among other factors is also under the influence of the work carried out by the clinician and laboratory technician. Purpose The aim of this article is to present some of the errors made during fabrication of metal-ceramic restorations found in everyday practice. Material and meth-ods During clinical practice were encountered errors related with both clinical and laboratory manufacture of metal-ceramic restorations. Results The noted failures included: a broken pon-tic between two units caused by insufficient height, cracked veneering ceramic without support from the metal framework, overheated fixed partial denture during glaze firing, and appearance of dark stains in the veneering ceramic. Conclusions Failure of a metal-ceramic restoration can be caused by various reasons including chair side errors and laboratory mistakes. Successful metal-ceramic restoration requires knowledge of the failure causes.



305 FEHMI GONULDAS ANKARA-Turkey

Author: FEHMI GONULDAS-ANKARA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: THE PROSTHETIC REHABILITATION OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDER RE-LATED TO OCCLUSAL IRREGULARITIES: A CASE REPORT



INTRODUCTION There are some etiologic factors related to temporomandibular joint disor-ders (TMJD). According to Ash and Ramfjord, stres and occlusal irregularities are the major factors of the TMJD. Therefore the researchers describe TMJD as a bio-psychological discom-fort. Several researches reported that eliminating the etiologic factor that cause to discomfort primarily is the most appropriate approach in the treatment of TMJD. The treatment of TMJD is aimed by eliminating occlusal irregularities in this case. CASE REPORT The 53 years-old female patient’s main complaint was pain in TMJ. The patient has dry mouth due to atrophy of the salivary glands as a result of radiotherapy. In her clinical examination Angle class III rela-tionship was observed. According to her medical history occlusal splint was made previously however she couldn’t have used them. The treatment started by extraction of maxillary central incisors. Maxillary right and left canine teeth and right lateral incisor were preparated. The impression was taken with type A silicone impression material. Modelling wax of restoration and cast of metal framework were prepared with conventional techniques. The control of metal framework and necessary readjustments were performed clinically and relationship between jaws was recorded. Restoration was completed by using feldspathic porcelain and glaze pro-cedure was applied. DISCUSSION Angle class I relationship was achieved after rehabilitation. At the end of treatment satisfying and pleasing results were obtained. The patient stated that she could utilize occlusal splint more comfortable and TMJ pain is quite reduced depending on the correction of occlusal relationship.



329 GAMZE ALNIAÇIK KOCAELI-Turkey

Institute: UNIVERSITY OF KOCAELI


Author: GAMZE ALNIAÇIK-UNIVERSITY OF KOCAELI, FAKULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;EMRE YAPRAK-UNIVERSITY OF KOCAELI, FAKULTY OF DEN-TISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY

Title: FUNCTIONAL AND ESTHETIC REHABILITATION WITH ZIRCONIA SYSTEM AFTER SUR-GICAL LENGTHENING CROWN



Background: Surgical crown lengthening procedure provides additional restorative retention and management of excessive gingival display.This procedure should only be considered when the remaining root is supported by a healthy periodontium and the post-surgery crown/root ra-tio will be favorable. The primary aim of the crown-lengthening procedure is restoration of a proper biological width and creation of an adequate retention space for the proper placement of prosthetic margins. Materials and Methods: A systemically healthy 30-year-old female patient was referred to Clinics of Kocaeli University Faculty of Dentistry for prosthetic rehabilitation. After removal of fixed restorations, deficient crown lengths were observed. Surgical crown lengthening procedure was decided to gain additional restorative retention and management of excessive gingival display. In the clinical examination there was no sign of gingival inflamma-tion or periodontal infection, or tooth mobility. In the periapical radiographic examination, root/crown ratio of the teeth were more than two, and there was no alveolar resorption. After the removal of remnant gingiva, full-thickness muco-periosteal flap elevated. Approximately, 3 mm of marginal alveolar bone was resected. Interdental bone was not resected to cause further interdental papilla loss. Wound healing was completed at the 6th week after the surgery and the prosthetic phase was initiated. After preparation, full-arch impressions were taken a poly-ether material. The zirconia crowns were fabricated by CAD/CAM system. Results: Deficent crown lengths were re-established and bad esthetic was succesfully corrected with surgical crown lengthening and zirconium oxide-based FPDs restorations. Conclusions: Surgical crown lengthening can be used for esthetic enhancement.



330 ONJEN TAK KOCAELI-Turkey

Institute: UNIVERSITY OF KOCAELI FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS


Author: ONJEN TAK-UNIVERSITY OF KOCAELI, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTH-ODONTICS ;SERDAR YILMAZ-ISTANBUL MEDIPOL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL&MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY;HALUK EMRE OZEL-UNIVERSITY OF KOCAELI, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY;MERAL KAVAK-ISTANBUL

Title: FOUR YEARS CLINICAL FOLLOW-UP OF A PATIENT WITH RADICULAR CYST IN THE MAXILLARY ANTERIOR REGION



Background: Radicular cysts arise from proliferation of epithelium remnants around apexes of non-vital teeth as a result of inflammatory response to the necrotic pulp and chronic infection. Multidisciplinary approach for the treatment of a 37 year old male patient with a radicular cyst in the maxillary anterior segment is presented in this case report. Methods and Materials: Clinical and radiographic examination revealed that there was radiolucent, well demarcated lesion in conjunction with the roots of four maxillary incisors. The root canal treatment and fixed metal-ceramic restorations of involved teeth had been performed about 6 yours ago. Initially, the restorations were removed and all four maxillary incisors were re-treated endodontically. Two weeks after endodontic treatments, the cyst was enucleated surgically and apical root resec-tions were performed. Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) was used as a retrograde filling agent. After these treatments, abutment teeth (the maxillary incisors) were prepared in a standardized manner. Then, leucite reinforced pressed glass ceramics were fabricated with the use of com-puter aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technique. All restorations were cemented using composite resin cement according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Results: The patient\’s esthetic and functional expectations were achieved and after four-years of fol-low up, excellent bone healing, steady levels of bone and healthy periodontal tissues around the roots of the abutment teeth were observed with perfect marginal adaptation. Conclusion: Multidisciplinary approaches may conclude with much more successful results and higher pa-tient satisfactions especially for complicated cases than alternative and more radical treatment options.



371 VESNA JURUKOVSKA-SHOTAROVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: UNIVERZITECKI STOMATOLOSKI KLINICHKI CENTAR SKOPJE,FIKSNA PROTETI-KA

Author: VESNA JURUKOVSKA SHOTAROVSKA-UNIVERZITECKI STOMATOLOSKI KLINICHKI CENTAR SKOPJE,FIKSNA PROTETIKA;SASHO JOVANOVSKI-UNIVERZITECKI STOMA-TOLOSKI KLINICHKI CENTAR SKOPJE,FIKSNA PROTETIKA;JAGODA BAJEVSKA-UNI-VERZITECKI STOMATOLOSKI KLINICHKI CENTAR SKOPJE,FIKSNA PROTETIKA;ANETA MIJOVSKA-UNIVERZITECKI STOMATOLOSKI KLINICHKI CENTAR SKOPJE,FIKSNA PROTETIKA;MILE SOTIROVICH, IRENA FILJANSKA-UNIVERZITECKI STOMATOLOSKI KLINICHKI CENTAR SKOPJE,FIKSNA PROTETIKA

Title: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FRACTURE RESISTANCE OF THE ENDODONTHIC TREAT-ED TEETH, RESTORATED WITH FIBER AND ZIRCONOXIDE-POSTS



RESISTANCE OF TWO DIFFERENT ESTHETIC POST SYSTEMS TO COMPRESSIVE LOADING Introduction: Aesthetic is also important world wide in modern dentistry, it\\\’s boost-ing usage of upgrading systems which are more satisfying the patient needs. Goal: Our goal is to analyse and compare the benefits of fiber and zircon-oxide posts, which biometrical strenght is more similar with real teeth. The posts were cemented in rooth canal of teeth in upper frontal and lateral area. Materials and methods: We have used Fiber post from 3M ESPE and zircon post Zirix-Nordin. The posts were cemented in the root canal and upgraded with composite material. Results: Fast and easy setting, sutable lenght and diameter of the posts, transpar-ency and high modus of elasticity are reducing fractures of endodontic-treated teeth. Fiber-composite posts are with similar elastic module like teeth dentin. Zircon posts are with higher elastic modus which results with less fractures of the rooth canal. This features satisfys to maximum the functional and aesthetic needs in restorative dentistry.



401 SASO JOVANOVSKI SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: UNIVERZITECKI STOMATOLOSKI KLINICHKI CENTAR SKOPJE,FIKSNA PROTETIKA


Author: SASO JOVANOVSKI-UNIVERZITECKI STOMATOLOSKI KLINICHKI CENTAR SKOPJE,FIKSNA PROTETIKA;VESNA JURUKOVSKA SHOTAROVSKA-UNIVERZITECKI STOMATOLOSKI KLINICHKI CENTAR SKOPJE,FIKSNA PROTETIKA;SANJA PAN-CEVSKA-UNIVERZITECKI STOMATOLOSKI KLINICHKI CENTAR SKOPJE,MOBILNA PROTETIKA;PETAR JEVNIKAR-MEDICINSKI FAKULTET, UNIVERZITET LJUBLJANA

Title: THE EFFECT OF ZIRCONIUM POST-CORE DESIGN-ON THE FRACTURE-RESISTANCE OF ENDODONTICALLY TREATED MAXILLARY INCISORS



Nonmetal, fullceramic systems with their mechanical features, biocompatibility, transparency and ability to imitate natural teeth structure. provide more. Post-core designеs may have a di-rect effect on fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth. This in vitro study compares the influence of zirconia posts with different retention forms in their coronal part, on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth. As material for our experiments, we used zirconium-oxide posts with two different retention forms in the coronary part of the post, upgraded with composite cement. After endodontics were completed, zirconium-oxide posts were inserted in adequately prepared upper central incisors. The experimental samples were cemented using resin cement. The post/teeth specimen were embedded in acrylic resin bloks and loaded at an angle of 45 degrees in an Instron Testing Machine 4301 (Instron Corp., USA) at a crosshead speed of 1mm/min until fracture. Fracture patterns were recorded, fractured surface areas were measured, and compressive stresses were calculated. The results showed that posts with retentive coronal part, which contribute to increasing the fracture resistance of the re-stored root-coronary complex as a whole, show higher fracture resistance.



410ARDITA KORBI TIRANA-Albania

Institute: ALBANIAN UNIVERSITY OF TIRANA

Author: ARDITA KORBI -ALBANIAN UNIVERSITY OF TIRANA;NEZAQETE KORBI-ALBANIAN UNI-VERSITY OF TIRANA;MIGENA MENERI-ALBANIAN UNIVERSITY OF TIRANA;RUKIJE IS-MAILI-ALBANIAN UNIVERSITY OF TIRANA

Title: IDENTIFYING AND CORRECTING BITE PROBLEMS CAN HELP ENSURE LONG-TERM ESTHETIC RESULTS



INTRODUCTION Many esthetic treatments are attempts to restore teeth that have been dam-aged by biomechanical dental disease; teeth darkened by internal cracks and with gum re-cession and root exposure from tooth clenching and grinding stimulated by posterior inter-ferences. Correcting occlusal interferences is essential to creating long-term functional and esthetic restorations. AIM Identifying and correcting bite problems to ensure long-term esthetic results METHOD The patient’s teeth are examined for signs of occlusal wear or symptoms of biomechanical dental disease. The patient is asked to close their teeth and the dentist notes the movements from the point of first occlusal contact to full contact. The dentis palpates the lateral pterygoid, temporalis and massater and the muscles of the neck and shoulders asking the patient to rate pains from 1 to 10. BBD with custom liner material is placed on the upper central incisors. The dentist guides the jaw to the right position instructing the patient to tap on their teeth until the liner material becomes consistent. The patient is asked whether the level of pain has changed. RESULTS BBD is helpful in identifying and correcting occlusal interfer-ences. CONCLUSIONS Because many esthetic problems result from functional imbalance in the bite, restoring the esthetics without improving the function or the cause of the damage eventually leads to failure. Form and function should be one, therefore it is imperative to create a form esthetically pleasing and in harmony with the functional requirement of the masticory system. BBD ensures that form and function are melt together.


GERODONTOLOGY

46 JELENA ERIĆ FOČA-Bosnia and Herzegovina



Author: JELENA ERIĆ-UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;LJILJANA KULIĆ-UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS;ZORICA STOJANOVIĆ-UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPART-MENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: ORAL HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG INSTITUTIONALIZED AND COMMU-NITY-DWELLING BOSNIAN ELDERS


Area of view: Gerondontology

Background: Many older adults have problems with difficulty in eating and social relationship because of the poor oral health. Institutionalized elders are at an increased risk for oral prob-lems due to their limited physical dexterity, which leads to reliance upon others for their care. The aim of this study was to assess the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among institutionalized and community-dwelling Bosnian elders. Methods and Materials: The study population comprised of 63 community-dwelling and 50 institutionalized adults aged 65 years or older. Data were collected using a brief clinical dental examination and a self-administered questionnaire. The clinical dental examinations were carried out by a trained dentist to deter-mine whether subjects were dentate or edentulous, and to count the number of natural teeth and the number of anterior and posterior occluding pairs. The self-administered questionnaire included information on basic socio-demographic variables and OHRQoL through the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) index, recently validated for this population. Results: The participants\’ mean age was 72.5; 51.3% were dentate and 53.1% had 0–8 natural occlud-ing pairs. Community dwelling elders had a higher prevalence of oral impacts compared with institutionalized elders and statistically significant difference existed with regard to the follow-ing daily activities: smiling, light physical activities, going out and enjoying the contact of other people (p<0,05 i p<0,01). Conclusion: This study showed that institutionalized Bosnian elders reported lower impacts on OHRQoL compared to community-dwelling adults. Institutionalized elders have been more concerned about their general health than poor oral health.


GERODONTOLOGY

269 MARINKO ZULJ OSIJEK-Croatia

Institute: FACULTY OF MEDICINE, JOSIP JURAJ STROSSMAYER UNIVERSITY OF OSIJEK

Author: BRUNO POPIĆ, DAVORIN ĐANIĆ-JOSIP JURAJ STROSSMAYER UNIVERSITY OF OSIJEK, FAC-ULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL MEDICINE ;LJILJANA MAJNARIĆ-JOSIP JURAJ STROSSMAYER UNIVERSITY OF OSIJEK, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL MEDICINE ;MARINKO ŽULJ-JOSIP JURAJ STROSSMAYER UNIVERSITY OF OSIJEK, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL MEDICINE ;SANJA BALEN-JOSIP JURAJ STROSS-MAYER UNIVERSITY OF OSIJEK, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL MEDI-CINE ;ALEKSANDAR VČEV-JOSIP JURAJ STROSSMAYER UNIVERSITY OF OSIJEK, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL MEDICINE

Title: MANDIBULAR RADIOMORPHOMETRIC INDICES AS INDICATORS OF OSTEOPOROSIS IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN


Area of view: Gerondontology

Background: Osteoporosis is a disease of older population, particularly women, characterised with a reduction of bone mass and a predisposition for bone fracture. DXA densitometry, a standard screening and diagnostic method, is not always available for wide use. Many older people routinely make dental panoramic radiographs because of dental problems. The aim was to assess the value of this method and mandibular radiomorphometric indices as indica-tors of osteoporosis. Materials and Methods: Mandibular indices, cortical mandibular width (MCW), panoramic mandibular index (PMI) and cortical mandibular index (MCI), were mea-sured on dental panoramic radiographs, in a group of 146 postmenopausal women, aged 47-88 (average 66). Patients were divided as normal, osteopenic and osteoporotic, depending on their bone mineral density (BMD), performed by using DXA method. ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) analysis was used to determine cut-off values, area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity, for three measured mandibular indices, in order to assess their value in distinguishing normal BMD, from osteopenia and osteoporosis. Results: Significant results (p<0.001) were obtained for all three indices, MCW (AUC 0.862, sensitivity 92.04%, speci-ficity 75.76%, cut-off <4.39), PMI (AUC 0.874, sensitivity 76.11%, specificity 84.85%, cut-off ≤0.41 and MCI (AUC 0.826, sensitivity 87.6%, specificity 69.7%, cut-off>1). When testing the ability to discriminate between osteopenia and osteoporosis, statistically significant level was achieved only for MCW index. Conclusions: Mandibular indices, MCW, PMI and MCI, can be used as indicators of decreased BMD in postmenopausal women. MCW index, in addition, enables further separation of osteoporotic from osteopenic persons.


LASER

51 ZUHAL GÖRÜŞ SIVEREK-Turkey

Author: ZUHAL GÖRÜŞ-DICLE UNIVERSITY PROTHETIC DEPARTMANT;AYŞE MEŞE TANRIKU-LU-DICLE UNIVERSTY PROTHETIC DEPARTMANT

Title: THE INFLUENCE OF ER:YAG LASER TREATMENT ON ROOT CANAL FOR IMPROVE RE-TANTION OF GLASS POST Preferable Presentation type: Poster Presentation

Area of view: Laser

The time needed for esthetic performance of dental rehabilitations have become an important issue in dentistry;however, the strength, reliability and simplicity of the system in the use are even more important. Glass post-core systems are ready to use.On the hands, dentin-like ap-pearence and structure of the posts meet the expectations of both patients and practitioners. The physical behavior of the glass posts similar dentin navigates the stresses generated be-neath the occlusal loads without being detrimental to the tooth structures. Moreover, the de-velopment of adhesive technology led to a remarkable progress in the clinical success of glass post-core restorations. Dental technology is rapidly affecting the treatment options available to patients. Lasers have been used for many years in dentistry. In modern dentistry there are several clinical indications for laser applications. Adhesive resin is the link to the increase in order to connect to the surface of the preliminary preparation of the low-and high-speed rotary tools, air abrasion and laser.


LASER

133 ELTON GJINI DURRES-Albania


Specialty: LASER

Author: ELTON GJINI-KLINIKA STOMATOLOGJIKE UNIVERSITARE;ALKETA QAFMOLLA-;MERITA BARDHOSHI

Title: TREATMENT OF THE FIBROMA OF PALATE WITH 980 NM DIODE LASER


Area of view: Laser

Introduction:Benign tumor are a common entity of our daily practice.They may be fat, sessile or pedunculated;they be small,moderate or large. Benign tumor can localized in lip, tongue, gingiva,palate. Treatment for their management may include, scalpel , electrosurgery, cryosur-gery. A good modality for their treatment is laser.Different laser system can be used like:Co2 laser,Er:YAG,Er,Cr:YSSG laser,diode laser Material and methods:We report a case with fibro-ma of palate referred from the Prosthetic Department in University Dental Clinic Tirana Albania and treated in Oral surgery Department . This patient is treated as outpatient, under infiltration anesthesia with 980 nm diode laser. Operative period and post operative follow-up was docu-mented for evaluation of early and long-term results. Results: Diode laser surgery was rapid and bloodless.Postoperative period and wound was healed without complications.After one month from the treatment no scar formation was reported and after one year no recurrence was recorded. Conclusion : 980 nm diode laser is a good modality for the treatment of fibroma of palate .This treatment provides satisfactory results and is well-accepted by the patient.


LASER

206 VESELA STEFANOVA PLOVDIV-Bulgaria

Institute: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE

Specialty: OPERATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS

Author: VESELA STEFANOVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS;SNEJANA TSANOVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS;MARIELA TSANOVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSI-TY-PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE;PEPA ATANASOVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSI-TY-PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF MEDICINE;TSVETAN CHAPRAZOV-TRAKIA UNIVERSITY-STA-RA ZAGORA

Title: HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE PULP AFTER ER:YAG LASER PREPARATION AND DI-RECT PULP CAPPING


Area of view: Laser

HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE PULP AFTER ER:YAG LASER PREPARATION AND DI-RECT PULP CAPPING An alternative to endodontic therapy is pulp capping, in which a me-dicament is placed directly over the exposed pulp in attempt to maintain pulp vitality. Aim: To study in an experiment with dogs the histological changes of the pulp after the use of Er:YAG dental laser for hard tissue preparing and three direct pulp capping materials. Methods and Materials: Twenty four premolars and molars of three dogs at the age of one and a half have been prepared by Er:YAG dental laser and a communication of 1 mm to the pulp has been made by it. Three different materials (Dycal, MTA and Biodentine) for direct pulp capping have been used. On the fourteenth, thirtieth, ninetieth day of the start of the experiment histological samples of the pulp have been prepared and microscopic examinations have been accom-plished. Results: The post operative period for the dogs is without any complications. In the fourteenth day samples there is data for an inflammation near the area of the preparation. On the thirtieth day samples the persisting hyperemia in the coronal pulp is seen. There are signs for normalization of the pulp tissue on the ninetieth day for all of the pulp capping materials. Conclusion: The use of Er:YAG dental laser for preparation of hard tissue and the application of traditional and modern pulp capping materials may be considered as promising method of approach for pulp tissue reversible inflammation treating.


LASER

241 TEUTA LAKO TIRANA-Albania


Specialty: LASER

Author: TEUTA LAKO-KLINIKA STOMATOLOGJIKE UNIVERSITARE;PAVLIN LAKO-;MERITA BARD-HOSHI

Title: 980 NM DIODE LASER: A GOOD MODALITY FOR THE TREATMENT OF VASCULAR LE-SION


Area of view: Laser

Introduction: Mulliken and Glowacki introduced a simple classification for vascular lesions. They described two distinct entities heamangiomas and vascular malformations. They pres-ents initially as flat pink macules. They are usually soft, compressible and enlarge in size when venous pressure is increased. They can be localized in different area of oro maxillofacial region: lip, palate, buccal mucosa, tongue, skin. Numerous methods of treatment have been used such as: cryotherapy, embolization, sclerotisation, cold scalpel and combination of these. Different laser systems have been developed using principles of photothermolisis. Material and methods: We report a clinical case with heamangioma of the lip treated with 980 nm diode laser. This patient is treated as outpatient in University Dental School Tirana Albania, under lo-cal anesthesia, in cw, non contact photocoagulation. The patient was foow-up after one week from the treatment, four weeks, six months and one year for the evaluation of early and long term results. Results: The patient reported no pain swelling one week after the treatment. At the follow-up of 4 weeks the lip was healed without complications, no scar formation. One year after the surgical treatment no recurrence occurred and the lip looked normal in colour and consistence. Conclusion: 980 nm diode laser is effective in the treatment of vascular lesion of lip. Is is a minimal invasive technique with maximal aesthetic results. Laser surgery is confort-able not only for the patient, but also for the surgeon.


LASER

253 SILVANA GEORGIEVA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: DENTAL FACULTY, UNIVERSITY

Specialty: ORAL PATHOLOGY AND PERIODONTOLOGY

Author: GEORGIEVA S.-DENTAL FACULTY, UNIVERSITY \;PANDILOVA M.-DENTAL FACULTY, UNI-VERSITY \;ZENDELI-BEDZETI L.-DENTAL FACULTY, UNIVERSITY \;ATANASOVSKA-STO-JANOVSKA A.-DENTAL FACULTY, UNIVERSITY

Title: USE OF FIDELIS III ND: YAG LASER IN THE TREATMENT OF PERIODONTAL DISEASE


Area of view: Laser

Use of Fidelis III ND: YAG Laser in the Treatment of Periodontal Disease Georgieva S., Pan-dilova M., Zendeli-Bedzeti L., Atanasovska-Stojanovska A. In order to assess the clinical out-come of Fidelis III ND: YAG laser in the treatment of periodontal disease, 30 patients with clini-cally manifested periodontal disease, received a laser treatment as an adjunct to conventional periodontal treatment. The results were compared with the control group of 30 patients having the same stage of the disease and treated only conventionally as well. The efficacy of the treatment was evaluated through the clinical parameter for gingival bleeding and inflammation after Sillnes –Löe. Adjunct laser treatment included scaling and disinfection of the periodontal pockets of representative teeth through the laser fiber. The achieved encouraging clinical re-sults, confirmed also by other studies, allow us to conclude that the use of laser, as an adjunct method within the conventional treatment of periodontal disease, is supposed to become a part of ordinary dental practice. Key words: laser, periodontal disease.


LASER

296 BLAGOVESTA YANEVA PLOVDIV-Bulgaria

Author: BLAGOVESTA YANEVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-PLOVDIV,FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDI-CINE, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY AND ORAL DISEASES;PLAMEN ZAGO-RCHEV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF BIOPHYSICS AND MATHEMATICS

Title: INVESTIGATION OF THE INTRAPULPAL TEMPERATURE DURING ER:YAG LASER POCK-ET DEBRIDEMENT


Area of view: Laser

Background: The Er : YAG laser is proven to be effective tool in periodontal pocket debridement. The present study aims to investigate the intrapulpal temperature changes during Er:YAG laser debridement of the root surface. Material and methods: 15 extracted single-rooted teeth were placed in a cylindrical thermostat filled with distillated water (constant temperature (35,50°С ± 0,05)°С,). A thermosensor (Thermocouple Type K) with accuracy ±0,1°C for the range from 20°C to 45°C was inserted in the pulp chamber to assess the thermal changes at every 10 seconds during pocket debridement. The buccal and lingual sites of the root surfaces were de-brided with Er:YAG laser (2.94nm wavelength) with total power of 1.5W. Results: The thermal analysis revealed statistically significant mean temperature decreases (33,9 ± 1,4)°C, (33,1 ± 2,1)°C, (32,9 ± 2,8)°C, (33.0 ± 2.6)°C at 10, 20, 30 and 40 seconds respectively. Significant statistical difference in intrapulpal temperature cannot be found after period of laser application longer than 10 seconds (One Way ANOVA, post hoc Bonferroni\’s Multiple Comparison Test, n=30) Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated that the Er:YAG laser pocket debridement decrease the intrapulpal temperature in physiological reference values and is safe for periodontal treatment.


LASER

327 IVONA KOVACEVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCE GENERAL STOMATOLOGY UNIVERZITY \

Specialty: OPERATIV DENTISTRY - ENDODONTIC

Author: IVONA KOVACEVSKA-UNIVERSITY \;ZLATKO GEORGIEV-UNIVERSITY \;CENA DIMOVA-UNIVERSITY \;MIHAIJLO PETROVSKI -;IVAN NACEVSKI-PRIVATE DENTAL CLINIC

Title: CLINICAL EVALUATION OF LASER IRRADIATION ON THE HYPERSENSITIVE TEETH


Area of view: Laser

Introduction: Dentinal hypersensitivity (DH) is a common clinical condition manifested with a sharp, short pain caused by one of the several different external stimuli. The use of a laser light can cause morphological and chemical changes on the dental hard tissue. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of Nd: YAG laser in the therapy of dental hyper-sensitivity. Methods and materials: Study design- 64 patients with 82 hypersensitive teeth were randomly selected for our clinical examination. On all hypersensitive surfaces Nd: YAG laser was used with adequate treatment protocol-three times after five days. Results: The results of this study showed that Nd: YAG is decreasing dentine hypersensitivity in 90% of the patients treated by Nd: YAG laser teeth also has an immediate clinical effect in reducing the dentine hypersensitivity. Only in four cases a need occur to repeat the laser irradiation three times. In the same time, no side effects were recorded. Conclusions: Using the Nd: YAG laser can cause immediate success in dental hypersensitivity reduction and has two very important advantages as well: a shorter treatment and prompt patient satisfaction. Due to the fact that there were no recorded side effects of the treatment, it can be used in everyday practice.


NEW TECHNOLOGIES

132 BLAGOJA DAŠTEVSKI SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: UNIVERSITY OF STOMATOLOGY, DEPARTMENT FOR PROSTHODONTICS SKOPJE


Author: BLAGOJA DAŠTEVSKI-JZU UNIVERSITY OF STOMATOLOGY, CLINIC FOR PROSTH-ODONTICS SKOPJE;OLIVER DIMITROVSKI-JZU UNIVERSITY OF STOMATOLOGY, CLIN-IC FOR ORAL SURGERY SKOPJE;VANČO SPIROV-JZU UNIVERSITY OF STOMATOLOGY, CLINIC FOR ORAL SURGERY SKOPJE;NATAŠA STAVREVA-JZU UNIVERSITY OF STO-MATOLOGY, CLINIC FOR PROSTHODONTICS SKOPJE;GOCE GIGOVSKI-PZU DENTIKA J SKOPJE

Title: DIGITAL DENTISTRY: COMPARISON OF 3D SCANNERS



Ever since implementing the CAD/CAM technique into dentistry, there have been a lot of Scan-ners and Scanner Manufacturers on the market, placing new product daily. For more than 5 years we have conducted research, collected data and organized it from various types of 3-D scanners available: their accuracy, speed, compatibility, flexibility, capability, software, price and support. We used methods and materials by comparing and filtering shortlisted 3-D scanners, best ones in the field. With the amount of data collected, along with an extensive experience, research and publications in the field of prosthodontics, we have exposed 3-D scanners with details, presenting a comparison between. As a result we have concluded their 3-D scanning performance, pros and cons and are presenting them side by side, introducing an entrance in a new era, digital dentistry, where precision and accuracy is a top priority.


NEW TECHNOLOGIES

134 KALINA PEYCHEVA SOFIA-Bulgaria

Institute: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-SOFIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE-SOFIA

Specialty: CONSERVATIVE DENTISRTY

Author: KALINA PEYCHEVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-SOFIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE-SOFIA;EKATERINA BOTEVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-SOFIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDI-CINE-SOFIA

Title: DIAGNOSTIC METHODS FOR FLUOROTIC TEETH



Chronic endemic fluorosis leads to elongated apatite crystals with low density and heterogenic lay down. The aim of the present study is to investigate and compare the ability of Laser Fluo-rescence (QLF) – DIAGNOdent Classic and Quantitative Light Induced Fluorescence - Sop-roLife - lamp to diagnose dental fluorosis. Materials and methods: 13 molars of 116 extracted matured human molars from the same dental practice area are diagnosed with fluorosis ac-cording to Luckomski scale, 1947. All teeth are exposed to QLIF- SoproLife (Acteon, France) in modes “day light”, “macro image”, “blue light” and QLF- DIAGNOdent Classic (Germany). All fluorotic teeth are sectioned in mirror images through the body of stains and lesions- BL or MD with diamond blade - 0.2 мм. Results from cross sectional histology: the sections are observed under magnification x5, x30, x 100. The respective sections with porous enamel, hypomineral-ized dentine and fissure fluoride caries are listed. Moderate and severe fluorosis is diagnosed by QLF-DIAGNOdent Classic device, (n=11) with scores 99 like dentine caries. Mild fluorosis is diagnosed by DIAGNOdent Classic device, (n=2) with scores 30-45-56- which indicates dentine caries. DIAGNOdent Classic diagnosis fluorosis as caries lesions. QLIF also does not recognize fluorosis of caries lesions. SoproLife “day light” and “macro image” shows a realistic appearance of all tooth surfaces under magnification x 30-100. Conclusions: Fluorotic brown spots and stains cannot be proved with any paraclinical method. A careful clinical exam and patients history data are the only reliable sources for an accurate diagnosis.



15 MUSTAFA ERKAN ISTANBUL-Turkey

Institute: GATA HAYDARPASHA TRAINING HOSPITAL


Author: MUSTAFA ERKAN-GATA HAYDARPASHA TRAINING HOSPITAL;SENIZ KARACAY-GATA HAYDARPASHA TRAINING HOSPITAL;ERSIN YILDIRIM-GATA HAYDARPASHA TRAINING HOSPITAL;RAMAZAN ALTUNBAŞ-GATA HAYDARPASHA TRAINING HOSPITAL

Title: RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF A PATIENT WITH MULTIPLE IMPACTED TEETH



Aim: To present the radiographic evaluation of a patient who had multiple impacted teeth at right side of maxillary dentition. Case report: A 24-year-old healthy male patient was referred to our clinic for the evaluation of his unerupted multiple maxillary teeth. In the intraoral examina-tion, it was observed that there were many unerupted teeth on the right side of the maxillary dentition. Panoramic radiograph and 3 dimensional cone beam CT were taken to detect the position of the impacted teeth. Radiographic evaluation revealed that maxillary canine, first premolar, second molar, and third molar teeth were impacted and first molar was congenitally absent. The impacted canine and premolar were mesially tipped while the impacted second molar was in buccopalatinal position. On the right side of maxillary posterior dental arch, only the second premolar has erupted. Additionally, mandibular third molars were also impacted and were in mesioangular position. The patient was referred to the department of internal medicine for examination. However, no congenitally genetic disorder was diagnosed. The pa-tient had a severe but idiopathic eruption anomaly. Conclusion: Impacted teeth are a frequently observed eruption anomaly but a patient with multiple impacted teeth has to be evaluated care-fully. 3 dimensional cone beam CT is an efficient technique to detect the exact position of the impacted teeth.



67 SRDJAN POSTIC BELGRADE-Serbia

Institute: UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE

Specialty: DENTAL PROSTHETIC

Author: SRDJAN POSTIC-UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE;JUGOSLAV VASIC -UNIVERSITY OF BEL-GRADE

Title: CONE-BEAM TOMOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF INCREASED DENSITY IN RABBIT’S JAW BONE INFLUENCED BY CALCITONIN AND CALCIUM.



Cone-beam tomographic evaluation of increased density in rabbit’s jaw bone influenced by calcitonin and calcium. Abstract Background. Reduced mineral content affects trabecular mi-crostructure in jawbones and skeletons of animals. The aim of this study was to ascertain the benefit to bone density of applying a solution of calcitonin and calcium towards lateral teeth in the upper and lower rabbit jaw. Method and Materials. The solution was injected, to the right side of the maxilla and mandible on the lateral teeth, while the left side was the control. Results. Statistically significant increases in density after application of the therapeutic solution were verified in the experimental regions in front of the maxillary lateral teeth and around the first maxillary molar (Z=-3.824 and Z=-3.826; p=0.000) using Mann Whitney-U test. Conclusion. Cone beam tomography is reliable in assessing density in the jawbones of animals. A locally applied solution of calcitonin and ionized calcium increased jawbone density.



68 SRDJAN POSTIC BELGRADE-Serbia

Institute: UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE

Specialty: DENTAL PROSTHETIC

Author: SRDJAN POSTIC-UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE;JUGOSLAV VASIC -UNIVERSITY OF BEL-GRADE

Title: CONE-BEAM TOMOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF INCREASED DENSITY IN RABBIT’S JAW BONE INFLUENCED BY CALCITONIN AND CALCIUM.



Cone-beam tomographic evaluation of increased density in rabbit’s jaw bone influenced by calcitonin and calcium. Abstract Background. Reduced mineral content affects trabecular mi-crostructure in jawbones and skeletons of animals. The aim of this study was to ascertain the benefit to bone density of applying a solution of calcitonin and calcium towards lateral teeth in the upper and lower rabbit jaw. Method and Materials. The solution was injected, to the right side of the maxilla and mandible on the lateral teeth, while the left side was the control. Results. Statistically significant increases in density after application of the therapeutic solution were verified in the experimental regions in front of the maxillary lateral teeth and around the first maxillary molar (Z=-3.824 and Z=-3.826; p=0.000) using Mann Whitney-U test. Conclusion. Cone beam tomography is reliable in assessing density in the jawbones of animals. A locally applied solution of calcitonin and ionized calcium increased jawbone density.



200 NAZ YAKAR ANKARA-Turkey

Institute: DT(RESEARCH ASSISTANT)

Specialty: ORAL AND DENTOMAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY

Author: *DT. ELIF NAZ YAKAR-* ANKARA UNIVERSITY,FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND DENTOMAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY;DT. NECMETTIN YETA- ANKARA UNIVERSITY,FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;DT.BESTE INCEOGLU-ANKARA UNIVERSITY,FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND DENTOMAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY;ASS. PROF. KIVANC KAMBUROGLU-ANKARA UNIVERSITY,FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND DENTOMAXILLO-FACIAL RADIOLOGY;PRPF. MELTEM DARTAR OZTAN-ANKARA UNIVERSITY,FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF ENDODONTICS

Title: RADIOGRAPHIC OBSERVATION OF HORIZONTAL DENTOALVEOLAR FRACTURES IN A TRAUMATIZED PATIENT WITH CBCT



Introduction: Dentoalveolar fractures are caused by an impact with great force. Compression zones are created labially and/or lingually and the root is separated into a coronal and an apical fragment and horizontal fracture lines were occur in alveolar bone. The purpose of this case report is to discuss and illustrate the clinical usage of Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) for the diagnosis and follow up the healing of dentoalveolar fractures in a traumatized patient. Case Report: 20-year-old female patient was referred to our clinic with complaining of pain ,maxillary anterior teeth repositions and a detailed investigation of dentoalveolar fractures. The history of the patient revealed a traumatic injury on her face because of traffic accident 10 days ago.On radiographic examinations.For further diagnosis,3D images were taken with CBCT. Cross-sectional views showed vertical and oblique fracture lines and lateral luxitions in the right upper maxillary region.the endodontic therapies were performed patient was followed up for 6 months. Conclusion: In dental trauma cases, different injuries occur in teeth and alveo-lar bone . It is very important choosing of imaging type for detection of fractures. 3D imaging overcomes major limitations of 2D imaging by allowing us to visualize the third dimension while at the same time eliminating superimpositions .The diagnosis,treatment and follow up the heal-ing were more detaily by using CBCT in horizontal dentoalveolar fractures.



246 MEHMET HAKAN KURT ANKARA-Turkey

Author: YASAR NURKANLAR ALPARSLAN-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DENTOMAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT;MEHMET HAKAN KURT-AN-KARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DENTOMAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT;SEBNEM KURSUN-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEN-TOMAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT;BENGI OZTAS-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DENTOMAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT

Title: THE PREVELANCE AND LOCATION OF THE POSTERIOR SUPERIOR ALVEOLAR ARTERY USING CBCT IN TURKISH SUBPOPULATION



BACKGROUND: Study was designed to state the localization of maxillary superior alveolar artery in Turkish population using CBCT. MATERIAL AND METHOD: CBCT scans of 145 pa-tients including teeth were evaluated. Maxilla was divided into four regions as first and second premolar, first and second molar. Visibility of vascular canal or noches by regions were evalu-ated. Vertical distances from lower border of vascular canal or noches to the sinus floor and alveolar crest were recorded. RESULTS: Ratio of visibility was 69,2%. Mostly seen area was second premolar (37,7%) and the least seen area was first premolar (10,5%) for right side. Av-erage values of the vertical disances between vascular canal and sinus floor were; 1st premo-lar: 11,42mm, 2nd premolar: 12,65mm, 1st molar: 16,14mm, 2nd molar: 11,3mm. The average values of the vertical distances between vascular canal and alveolar crest were; 1st premolar: 28,42mm, 2nd premolar: 26,34mm, 1st molar: 25,84mm, 2nd molar: 19,40mm. Mostly seen area was first molar (35,6%) and the least seen area was first premolar (14,6%) for left side. Average values of vertical distances between vascular canal and sinus floor were; 1st premo-lar: 13,47mm, 2nd premolar: 13,65mm, 1st molar: 15,63mm, 2nd molar: 14,15mm. Average values of vertical distances between vascular canal and alveolar crest were; 1st premolar: 28,11mm, 2nd premolar: 25,75mm, 1st molar: 25,25mm, 2nd molar: 23,57mm. CONCLUSION: Average vertical distances from vascular canal or notches to sinus floor were found far away enough. This infomation reveals that unnecessary bleeding risk from maxillary alveolar artery is low after tooth extraction.


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

30 ALMIRO GURAKUQI TIRANE-Albania

Institute: TOTI GURAKUQI PRIVATE DENTAL CLINIC

Specialty: IMPLANTOLOGY

Author: ALMIRO GURAKUQI-PRIVATE DENTAL CLINIC TOTI GURAKUQI;ҪELJANA TOTI -UNI-VERSITY DENTAL CLINIC, TIRANA, ALBANIA ;DORIAN HYSI -UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIC, TIRANA, ALBANIA ;ETLEVA QELI -UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIC, TIRANA, ALBA-NIA ;-

Title: THE THREE YEARS OUTCOME OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY TREATMENT OF UNILATERAL AGENESIA



The congenitally missing tooth is an anomaly associated with many negative features. When the anomaly is present in the anterior region the most negative effect is on esthetics. The aim of this presentation is to describe the outcome of a multidisciplinary treatment in cases of congenitally missing teeth. Material and methods. The patient F.M was female 19 years old. She presented an unilateral congenitally missing lateral. She had an old composite filling on tooth 11 to hide the space between teeth 11 and 13. Moderate crowding was present. Results and conclusions. The challenge in this clinical case, was to regain the space for the missing lateral , to substitute this tooth with an implant and to achieve a perfect dental alignment at the end of the treatment. A multidisciplinary treatment plan was applied: the orthodontist cor-rected the alignment of dental arch and regained the space for the missing lateral, the im-plantologist applied the implant, the prosthodontist applied the ceramic crown on the implant and the periodontologist corrected the gingival contours. The patient was very satisfied with the final result; even though the treatment lasted three years. The multidisciplinary treatment can offer very challenging results even in the most difficult cases.


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

57 AGRON METO TIRANA-Albania

Author: AGRON METO -MEDICAL UNIVERSITY \;EMILJANO TRAGAJ-DENTAL CLINIC \;AIDA METO-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY \;VALMIRA NDOJ-DENTAL CLINIC \;FAUSTINA KOLA-DEN-TAL CLINIC

Title: ELECTRONIC SOLIDARITY OF MONOMAC IMPLANTS WITH IMMEDIATE LOADING IN THE AESTHETIC AND FUNCTIONAL REHABILITATION



Purpose: To create static condition of the implants through electric welding, making illustra-tions with cases of aesthetic rehabilitation with immediate load. Methodology:We treated 32 patients with mandibular and maxillary edentulism.Patients ranged from 20-75 years, 18 were females aged from 20-65 years old, and 14 were male patients of age 30-75 years.The proto-col included 3 stages.Pre surgery that consisted of patients’ clinical study, instrumental evalu-ation, study of the models and the treatment plan.During surgery plexus anesthesia of the area, instruments of the implantar site, implant positioning, and welding a titanium rod with the syncrystallizator with Argon flow were accomplished.After the unification, the implants were reduced, so that they were suitable and compatible with the temporary crowns prepared with resin or composite autopolimerizable.Post surgery was finalized with the permanent prosthesis, equilibrium management, and stability of occlusion.Cases were followed clinically immediately after 6 months, 1 and 3 years. Results: After the intervention, the patients were satisfied, they felt no exaggerated pain (light), no edema was present, and the general condi-tions were good, due to the antibiotic therapy for 10 days and analgesic.The immediate reha-bilitation with composite autopolimerizable restored both, functional and the aesthetic side.After 1-3 years of control, results were very good and a satisfactory osseointegration was noticed. Conclusions: 1-Through the union of the implants, the bio-mechanical-functional unit that provides a mutual support of prostheses, and distribution of loads uniformly over a very wide area was achieved. 2-Avoid the fracture of implantar compounds. 3-Minimal invasion of surgical procedure was noticed. Keywords: Argon flow,MONOMAC,Syncrystallizator,Titanium


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

82 BRUNO NIKOLOVSKI SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia



Author: RADOJKOVA-NIKOLOVSKA V-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;SIMJANOVSKA LJ-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;ILIEV I-PRIVATE DENTAL PRACTICE;MIHAILOVA E-PRIVATE DENTAL PRACTICE;SIMJANOVSKI S-PRIVATE DENTAL PRACTICE

Title: RESECTIVE TECHNIQUE AT RETROGRADE PERI-IMPLANTITIS IN ADJACENT MAXIL-LARY IMPLANTS



Introduction: Retrograde periimplantitis (RPI) is defined as a clinically symptomatic periapi-cal lesion that develops shortly after implant insertion while the coronal portion of the implant sustains a normal bone-to-implant interface. Regardless of etiology, the management of RPI has been attempted by either resective or regenerative techniques. Case Presentation: A 67-year-old male was screened and evaluated for three maxillary anterior implants placed more than a decade previously. Evaluation included a thorough periodontal and dental exam, radiographs, and computed tomography. Probing depths around all implants ranged from 2 to 4 mm with no bleeding on probing/mobility. The apices of implants No21 and 22 exhibited radiolucencies, and a draining fistula was associated with implant No21. Treatment consisted of sectioning and removal of the affected portion of the implants and collection of a specimen for histopathologic examination. Demineralized bone matrix putty was placed in the residual bony defects and covered with a collagen barrier. At 1 year, the lesion associated with implant No22 had a more remarkable radiographic change, because it was smaller than the lesion around implant No21. Both implants continued to function with no recurrence of fistula forma-tion. Histopathologic analysis was consistent with the diagnosis of a Periodontitis periapicalis chronica granulomatosa. Conclusion: Resection of the apical portion of implants is a viable treatment modality in the management of RPI. KEY WORDS: Bone regeneration; dental im-plants; infection; periimplantitis.


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY




Author: RADOJKOVA-NIKOLOVSKA V-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY ;NIKOLOVSKI B-PRIVATE DEN-TAL PRACTICE;PETKOV M-PRIVATE DENTAL PRACTICE;LEKOSKA V-PRIVATE DENTAL PRACTICE

Title: NATURAL TEETH USED AS PROVISIONALS IN IMMEDIATE IMPLANT LOADING: A CASE REPORT



Purpose: The purpose of this article is to describe a clinical case in which the patient\’s natu-ral teeth were extracted and used as provisionals immediately after the implants had been placed. Patient Presentation: A 52-year-old woman was treated with implants at the both maxillary central incisors (implant length: 15 mm, diameter: 4.1 mm) and the extracted teeth were used as provisionals. Results: After 4 months of using the temporary teeth, the treat-ment was concluded with the placement of 2 metal-free crowns on the implants. Conclusions: This work showed the possibility of using the patient\’s extracted teeth as provisional teeth during the period of osseointegration, preserving aesthetics and favoring gingival tissue heal-ing with a correct emergence profile and maintenance of the gingival papillae. Key words: provisional teeth, temporary teeth, implant, metal-free crown.


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY




Author: LEKOSKA V-PHO PETKOVI;NIKOLOVSKI B-;PETKOV M-;RADOJKOVA-NIKOLOVSKA V-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY

Title: ENDODONTIC OR DENTAL IMPLANT THERAPY



Background: Clinicians are confronted with difficult choices regarding whether a tooth with pulpal and/or periapical disease should be saved through endodontic treatment or be ex-tracted and replaced with an implant. Methods: The authors examined publications (research, literature reviews and systematic reviews) related to the factors affecting decision making for patients who have oral diseases or traumatic injuries. Results: The factors to be considered included patient-related issues (systemic and oral health, as well as comfort and treatment perceptions), tooth- and periodontium-related factors (pulpal and periodontal conditions, color characteristics of the teeth, quantity and quality of bone, and soft-tissue anatomy) and treatment-related factors (the potential for procedural complications, required adjunctive pro-cedures and treatment outcomes). Conclusions: On the basis of survival rates, it appears that more than 95 percent of dental implants and teeth that have undergone endodontic treatment remain functional over time. Key words: endodontic treatment, implant, extraction.


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

105MELEK KAVASOGLU ANKARA-Turkey

Institute: GAZI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY

Specialty: DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Author: MELEK KAVASOGLU-GAZI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;MERVE CAKIRBAY-GAZI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: SCREW AND CEMENT RETAINED IMPLANT SUPPORTED FIXED PARTIAL DENTURE: A CASE REPORT



Implant-supported restorations either can be retained to implants with screws (screw-re-tained) or can be cemented to abutments (cement-retained). In clinical applications, choosing screw-retained or cement-retained implant restorations depends on the patients’s oral condi-tions. Screw retained restorations have the advantage of retrievability for repair, however the technique is sensitive because of the difficulties in achieving passive fit. Cement-retained prosthesis have several advantages as involving easy fabrication procedures, low costs , in-cluding no screw holes on the occlusal surface which provides esthetic and occlusal benefits. However, clinical failures of cement-retained implant restorations including porcelain repair are unpredictable and difficult to solve. This clinical report presented the rehabilitation of a patient with combination of a cement and screw-retained fixed partial prosthesis. 42-year-old woman was refered to Gazi University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics. Two implants were inserted into the left maxillary posterior region on the position of second premolar and first molar. Although the preference the longest prefabricated abutment for second premolar, high interocclusal distance was observed in intraoral examination. To avoid the decementation of fixed partial prosthesis, it was planned to use screw-retained abutment for second premolar and cemented-retained 20° inclined abutment. The patient has been fol-lowed up for six months and no complications have been observed.


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

110 AYSE VAYISOGLU ANKARA-Turkey

Author: AYSE VAYISOGLU*-GAZI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;LEVENT NALBANT-GAZI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: REHABILITATION WITH BAR RETAINED MAXILLARY AND MANDIBULAR IMPLANT SUP-PORTED OVERDENTURES: A CLINICAL REPORT.



Rehabilitation with Bar Retained Maxillary and Mandibular Implant Supported Overdentures: A Clinical Report. Background: Total edentulous patients are generally treated with complete removable prosthesis. However bone loss increases with age and it impairs especially the retention and stabilization of the complete prosthesis. It becomes one of the main challenges faced by dentists to replace missing teeth and satisfy the patient’s expectations. Osseous in-tegrated dental implants which have been used in mandibular and maxillary implant retained overdentures have been showed to be successful prosthetic treatment. The purpose of this clinical report is to present a patient rehabilitated with maxillary and mandibular bar retained overdentures with an observation period of 12 months. Methods and Materials: In this clinical report 52 year-old man who was referred to our clinic was treated with bar retained maxillary and mandibular overdentures. The patient was satisfied with the final result of the prosthesis providing sufficient retention and stability. Esthetic appearance of the dentures meets the expectations of the patient. After 12 months follow up period it was observed that implants were stable and bar retained prosthesis improved the quality of the patient’s life. Results and Conclusion: In the clinical examinations, in bar retained overdentures, implants are precisely and rigidly adjusted to the bar, limiting its lateral and rotary movements, distributing stresses along to implant complex, providing retention and stabilization of the prosthesis and obtaining better esthetic results in clinical cases where there have been losses of hard and soft tissues.


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY


Institute: PHO PETKOVI


Author: NIKOLOVSKI B-PHO PETKOVI;RADOJKOVA-NIKOLOVSKA V-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;PETKOV M-PHO PETKOVI;LEKOSKA V-PHO PETKOVI;MARKOVSKA ARSOVSKA M-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY

Title: SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF PERI-IMPLANTITIS; A CASE REPORT



Introduction: Peri-implant marginal and apical infections are challenging situations in implant dentistry since sufficient knowledge on etiology and treatment is lacking. The aim of this case report is to present the treatment and one year follow up of an implant with a combined mar-ginal and periapical lesion that presented with a localized 10 mm vertical bony defect. Case presentation: An implant associated 10 mm three-wall bony defect was successfully treated with the guided tissue regeneration technique. Decontamination of the implant surface with tetracycline was performed and a demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft and a collagen barrier were used. Complete resolution of the 10 mm three-wall defect was achieved, as this was evident on clinical and radiographic examination one year after treatment. Conclusion: Although no definitive conclusion can be drawn from a single case, the technique described effectively eliminated an implant associated 10 mm three-wall bony defect following the guided bone regeneration protocol. KEYWORDS: guided tissue regeneration, dental implant, peri-implantitis


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

247 MARKO MAGIC BELGRADE-Serbia

Author: MARKO MAGIC-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE;ZORAN LAZIC-CLINIC OF STOMATOLOGY, MILITARY MEDICAL ACADEMY;MARIJA BUBALO-CLINIC OF STOMATOLOGY, MILITARY MEDICAL ACADEMY

Title: INFLUENCE OF THE IMPLANT DESIGN ON A PERI-IMPLANT BONE RESPONSE ON A DOG MODEL



Background: the primary implant stability is considered fundamental in achieving long term osseointegration. Density of the host bone is one of the major influencing factors in achieving implant stability. In the low density bone implant design is showing significant differences in primary stability. In this study the correlation between the two different implant designs and the peri-implant bone response is measured by primary bone to implant contact (bic). Meth-ods and materials: the in vivo study was performed on a dog’s lower jaw. Mandibular premo-lar teeth were bilaterally extracted. After 8 weeks of healing period surgical implantation was performed. Animal was sacrificed five hours after the surgery. Two different implant designs were compared: wide pitch (wp) implants with 1.5 mm thread pitch and narrow pitch (np) im-plants with 0.5 mm thread pitch. Radiographic, histological and morphometric analysis were performed. Results: histological wp sections revealed that the crest of the threads engaged host bone walls, but gap area between the bottom of the thread trough and the surrounding alveolar bone was found. In np implants tight mechanical interlock was found and seemed that alveolar bone was in contact with most of the thread trough. The total primary bic percent was higher in np implants (39.5%) compared to wp (20.4%). Conclusion: based on these results, it could be assumed that np implants would be preffered in the case of immediate loading.


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

250 ELİF ÖNCÜ ANKARA-Turkey

Author: ELİF ÖNCÜ-BASKENT UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY, ANKARA.;ÖZGÜN YUSUF ÖZYILMAZ-SELÇUK UNIVERSITY FAC-ULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTIC, KONYA.;ELİF EMİNE ALAADDİNOĞLU-BASKENT UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY, ANKARA

Title: ONE-STAGE THREE-DIMENSIONAL BONE TRANSPLANT TECHNIQUE



Objectives As a result of severe periodontal diseases or trauma, serious resorption might be induced in the maxillary and mandibulary anterior region on alveolar bone level, which con-sequently might lead to tooth loss. Treatment for these regions through dental implants is getting harder depending on bone resorption that arises on alveolar bone, after the removal of serious periodontal defected tooth. A wide selection of methods such as guided bone regeneration, onlay grafting, distraction osteogenesis, ridge splitting and socket preservation are applied with the purpose of bone augmentation for implant treatment. A 6-month-period of recovery is needed for bone and graft substitution after the process of bone reconstruction used when there is insufficiency of vertical and/or horizontal ridge. Called ring method, ridge augmentation and implant placement in one session reduces treatment period and the num-ber of surgery. Methods Vertical and horizontal alveolar bone defect in a 45 years old male patient was restored with ring-shaped bone graft harvested from symphysis and, simultane-ously fixed with non-self tapping dental implant. Results The implant became osseointegrat-ed without any dehiscence, graft exposure and infection on the bone and soft tissue around the implant. Neither clinical nor radiographic problems or complications occured during the 2-year-period when the implant was followed after restoration.


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

304 CANER OZTURK ANKARA-Turkey

Author: CANER OZTURK-ANKARA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;FEHMI GONULDAS-ANKARA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTIST-RY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;DOGAN DERYA OZTAS-ANKARA UNIVER-SITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: METAL CERAMIC IMPLANT-SUPPORTED FIXED PROSTHESIS WITH MILLED TITANIUM FRAMEWORK: A CASE REPORT



INTRODUCTION Osseointegrated dental implants has been successful treatment modalities for edentulous patients. Several techniques such as Implant-supported fixed prosthesis and implant-supported overdentures have been described for restoration of the edentulous ridges. Titanium frameworks have been used for more than 20 years as an alternative to gold-alloy castings to restore edentulous patients with implant-supported fixed prosthesis. Frameworks are milled from solid blanks of titanium, titanium alloy with CAD/CAM milled technique. CASE REPORT A 72-year-old man patient referred our clinic with the complaint of mandibular edentation. After clinical and radiographic examinations it was decided to place 6 implants to mandibula, 4 in interforaminal areas and 2 implants in molar areas. After osseointegration completed, transfer copings used for impression and conventional impression had taken with polyether. CAD/CAM milling technique was used for fabricating titanium frameworks from solid blanks of titanium and full-arch implant supported fixed prosthesis completed using feld-sphatic porcelain with conventional technique. CONLUSION High accurate implant supported metal-ceramic fixed prosthesis with titanium framework was fabricated with CAD/CAM mill-ing technique. Outcomes of implant supported metal-ceramic fixed protsthesis with titanium framework were better passive fit, high biocompatibility and absence of the misfit. After clini-cal and radiographical follow-ups no technical and biological complications were observed. Satisfying treatment results were obtained.


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

307 DOGAN DERYA OZTAS ANKARA-Turkey

Author: FEHMI GONULDAS-ANKARA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;DOGAN DERYA OZTAS-ANKARA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: IMPLANT-SUPPORTED FIXED PROSTHESIS WITH MILLED TITANIUM FRAMEWORK, CUSTOM ABUTMENTS AND TELESCOPIC CROWNS: A CASE REPORT



INTRODUCTION Osseointegrated dental implants has been proven succesful in the treat-ment of edentulism. Custom abutments have been gradually used in dental implant systems. The CAD/CAM custom abutments fit more precise and have better physical properties. Sev-eral advantages are associated with CAD/CAM milled titanium frameworks; biocompatibility, highly precise fit, the possibility of extended cantilever lengths , and that it is machine manu-factured, thus less susceptible to human error. For excessive malposed implants, telescopic crowns can be used to obtain passive fit and goal insertion path of the implant supported fixed prosthesis. Telescopic crowns on implants are effective against occlusal forces in cases of advanced atrophy of the mandible. CASE REPORT A 68-years-old woman patient referred for implant supported fixed prosthesis. After clinical-radiographic examinations, it was de-cided to place 6 implants in interforaminal region because of advanced resorption at posterior mandible. Depending on ridge resorption terminal implants in premolar area were placed angulated. It was acquired that gingival heights of anterior implants were too high to compen-sate tissue levels with standart abutments. Therefore two custom abutments fabricated with CAD/CAM tehcnique. Two telescopic crown fabricated for preventing unsuitable angulation of terminal implants. Titanium frameworks were fabricated with CAD/CAM milling technique and fixed prosthesis were completed. CONLUSION This combined approach which includes CAD/CAM custom abutments and telescopic crowns significantly offsets unsuitable implant position. Implant supported fixed protsthesis with CAD/CAM milled titanium framework has, better biocompatibility and accurate passive fitting. No technical or biological complications were observed during the clinical and radiographical follow-up period.


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

347 HAKKI CELEBI

KONYA-Turkey

Author: HAKKI ÇELEBI-SELÇUK UNIVERSITY , PROSTHODONTIC DEPARTMENT;ELIF S. TOBI-SELÇUK UNIVERSITY , PROSTHODONTIC DEPARTMENT;SERHAN AKMAN-SELÇUK UNIVERSITY , PROSTHODONTIC DEPARTMENT

Title: LOADING OF A IMPLANT AFTER 9 YEARS : A CASE REPORT



Implant treatment in dentistry is one of the treatments which are performed in every day. Implants are loaded 3-6 months after surgical procedure for osseointegration. Studies in implantology are continued to shorten this period safely. However, sometimes the waiting time is prolonged because of reasons originating from the patient. If there is not pain and a lack of function, sometimes the patient doesn’t come to appointment. In 2008, 40-year-old female patient applied to our clinic. According to the anamnesis, it was revealed that spline dental implant (Sulzer Calcitek Inc. US) was placed in 1999 in mandibular right first molar teeth area. During 9 years, the patient didn’t have prosthetic restoration made. Any bone loss was observed around the implant in panaromic films taken from the patient. Restoration was completed by supplying prosthetic parts. There was no problem in panaromic films which were taken on controls. For a period of 9 years, no loading on the implant hasn’t caused any problem in the tissues around implant .


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

407ALEKSANDRA SPADIJER GOSTOVIC BELGRADE-Serbia

Institute: SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, BELGRADE UNIVERSITY


Author: ALEKSANDRA SPADIJER GOSTOVIC-BELGRADE UNIVERSITY, CLINIC FOR PROSTHODONTICS;VLADAN BLAGOJEVIC*-BELGRADE UNIVERSITY, CLINIC FOR PROSTHODONTICS;TODOROVIC ANA-BELGRADE UNIVERSITY, CLINIC FOR PROSTHODONTICS;LEKOVIC VOJISLAV-BELGRADE UNIVERSITY, CLINIC FOR PERIODONTOLOGY;VLATKOVIC IVANA-BELGRADE UNIVERSITY, CLINIC FOR PROSTH-ODONTICS

Title: APPLICATION OF ZIRCONIUM-DIOXIDE MATERIAL IN ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY



Background In contemporary implant prosthodontics zirconium-dioxide ceramics have been used for abutments, implant supported crowns and bridges. Recent studies showed that zirconium-dioxide, due to its high biocompatibility and enhanced mechanical characteris-tics, might also be used as an alternative material for dental implants. The aim of this pilot study was to present the possibility of rehabilitation partial and total edentulous maxillae with zirconium-dioxide implants reconstructed with zirconium crowns in everyday clinical practice. Material and method Ten patients were treated with zirconium-dioxide implants (Z-systes®/ Bredent White Sky®) and 32 implants were placed in maxillary arch using the computer-guided procedure (Z-Scout) for a precise implant position planning and surgical stent fabrica-tion. Implants were immediately restored and the provisional restorations were successfully replaced with a permanent full ceramic bridges and crowns six month postoperative. Results At the 6 months, one and two years follow- up all inserted implants were successfully oseo-integrated, with absence of radiolucency, suppuration, implant mobility or pain (CSR= 100%) and all ceramic crowns and bridges were in function without macroscopically seen defects. Conclusion Clinical experience from this study demonstrated that zirconium-dioxide implants can achieve and maintain osseointegration for the evaluation period of two years. Regard-ing the good clinical and radiological results shown in this study with limited implants, further prospective clinical trials with a representative sample size and standardized evaluation are needed to confirm the obtained results and long-lasting prognosis.


ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY

425JULIE POPOVSKI

Skopje-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Author: JULIE POPOVSKI, ELIZABETA STOJANOVA

Title: THE BEST IMPLANT POSITIONE WITH LATERAL AND VERTICAL BOND RESTAVRA-TION AND AUGMENTATION TEHNIQUES


Area of view: Oral Implantology Intorduction: The expectations of our patients concerning perfect aesthetics, functionality and phonetics demand a high standard of implant skills. Today ‘s patients are also expecting to have an immediate restoration after losing their teeth. The new tegnique of 3D planning and navigation could bring us closer to this goal. By using CT scan , the dentist is able to carry out perfect implant planning. Both the position of the implants in the vicinity of anatomical structures and the future prostheses can be planed exactly. Materials and methods: To opti-mize this technique in the daily practice, we use different augmentation techniques to achieve perfcet implant position. For all methods we use 20 patients and special instruments for dif-ferent technique.Lateral ridge augmentation with particulate materials and membranes; Bone spreadin tech-niques to improve bone density and for close sinus elevation; Bone splitting and autogenous bone blocks; Bone expending; Bone harvesting procedure of different locations. All of the above mentioned techniques and the instruments will be demonsrtrated. Conclu-sions: How better we prepare the bone crest in lateral and vertical way then we make a better or perfect condition for the best implant positione, and we make it more easily implant plase-mant technique.



13 MEHMET OGUZ BORAHAN İSTANBUL-Turkey

Institute: 1DEPARTMENT OF ORAL DIAGNOSIS AND RADIOLOGY, MARMARA UNIVERSITY, FAC-ULTY OF DENTISTRY,

Author: FILIZ NAMDAR PEKINER-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL DIAGNOSIS AND RADIOLOGY, MARMA-RA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,;M. OĞUZ BORAHAN-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL DIAGNOSIS AND RADIOLOGY, MARMARA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,;SEMIH ÖZBAYRAK-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL DIAGNOSIS AND RADIOLOGY, MARMARA UNIVER-SITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY

Title: DEMOGRAPHIC AND CLINICAL DATA OF PATIENTS WITH ORAL LEUKOPLAKIA



Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic and clinical data of pa-tients with oral leukoplakia (OL). Methods: Twenty patients with OL patients, and 20 patients with healthy subjects were participated in the study. Systemic, dental and oral leukoplakia an-amnesias of all the patients in the study group have been taken in detail and neck-head, oral mucosa and dental examinations have been made and data has been recorded. Oral leuko-plakia is defined according to the WHO 2005 definition. Results: There was no significant dif-ference in age, education, systemic disease, drug and alcohol consumption, but only tobacco habits was statistically significant between OL patients and healthy subjects (p<0.01). Of OL patients, 50% were unilateral and buccal mucosa. The majority of the OL were simplex. Con-clusions: Oral leukoplakia relation to cigarette smoking has clearly been demonstrated. The present data on location of OL showed similar findings as most studies. Acknowledgments This research was supported by Marmara University Scientific Research Project Council (Project no: SAG-B-031110-0254).



21 DIMITAR KIROV SOFIA-Bulgaria

Institute: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY


Author: DIMITAR KIROV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, PROSTHETIC DEN-TISTRY

Title: PREVALENCE OF SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDERS IN BULGARIAN POPULATION



The aim of the current investigation is to evaluate the prevalence of of the main symptoms of the temporomandibular disorders (TMD) among Bulgarian population: pain and sounds in temporomandibular joints (TMJ), pain in masticatory muscles, difficulties or limited mandibular movements. Matherial and methods: A questionnaire was administered to 650 respondents in the age range between 19 and 66 years. For the purpose of the investigation was completed questionnaire which consists 10 questions. The questions were chosen in a way to determine four of the most common symptoms of TMD: sound in TMJs, pain in masticatory muscles, pain in the TMJ and limited movements of the mandible. Results: The results of the survey to evalu-ate the prevalence of the main symptoms of TMD among Bulgarian population show that the greater part of symptoms is joint sounds (click) with 28.8% of all participants, followed by ten-derness and pain in masticatory muscles with 15.2%, limited movements of the mandible with 10,5% and pain in the TMJ with 3.84%. Key words: questionnaire, TMD, sign and symptoms.



197 NIHAT AKBULUT TOKAT-Turkey

Institute: UNIVERSITY OF GAZIOSMANPASA , FACULTY OF DENTISTRY

Specialty: ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGEON

Author: M.HAKAN KURT-UNIVERSITY OF ANKARA, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXIL-LOFACIAL RADIOLOGY ANKARA, TURKEY.;NIHAT AKBULUT-UNIVERSITY OF GAZIOSMANPASA , FACUL-TY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, TOKAT, TURKEY.;SEBNEM KURSUN-UNIVERSITY OF ANKARA, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFA-CIAL RADIOLOGY ANKARA, TURKEY;M.KEMAL TUMER-UNIVERSITY OF GAZIOSMANPASA , FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, TOKAT, TURKEY.;TUGRUL EMRE KAYMAK-UNIVERSITY OF ANKARA, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFA-CIAL SURGERY ANKARA, TURKEY.

Title: UNUSUAL LOCATION OF PREMOLAR SUPERNUMERARY TOOTH IN MANDIBLE: A CASE REPORT



Introduction: The rate of impacted supplemental premolar among all supernumerary teeth is %8.(1) They are also the most frequently supernumerary teeth in the mandibular arch .Super-numerary premolar positions are generally lingual. The buccally positioned ones are fraction-ally or absolutely erupted. The greater parts of the lingually positioned ones are in the alveolar bone. %55 of these teeth are impacted, unerupted, and commonly asymptomatic, and greater part are of a supernumerary type.(2) In this study we present an aspect of unusual premolar supernumerary tooth. Case Report : In this case report, 37 Year-old female patient is presented to an oral diagnosis and radiology clinic for routine examination. During the radiologic exami-nation, an unusual location of premolar supernumerary tooth was emerged in left mandibular molar region in orthopantomograph. Then mandible was submitted CBCT imaging examina-tion for understand to location of supernumerary premolar, which was examined for pathology in the same time. According to radiograph, supernumerary tooth was horizontally near basis mandible, was located lingual position and there was no pathology around the tooth. Due to the risk of damage to the inferior mandibular nerve, this tooth is still under follow up with periodical radiographic examinations. Conclusion: When supernumerary teeth are determined, a deci-sion requires to be made whether to extract or monitor them. Surgical extraction of impacted teeth causes the risk of damage to the near structure, and therefore, a decision requires to be made with regard to the surgical risks and the benefits of extraction.



224 SANJA HADŽIĆ SARAJEVO-Bosnia and Herzegovina


Specialty: ORAL MEDICINE AND PERIODONTOLOGY

Author: HADŽIĆ SANJA-UNIVERSITY OF SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT FOR ORAL MEDICINE AND PERIODONTOLOGY;GOJKOV VUKELIĆ MIRJANA-UNIVERSI-TY OF SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT FOR ORAL MEDICINE AND PERIODONTOLOGY;PAŠIĆ ENES-UNIVERSITY OF SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF DENTIST-RY, DEPARTMENT FOR ORAL MEDICINE AND PERIODONTOLOGY;DEDIĆ AMIRA-UNI-VERSITY OF SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT FOR ORAL MEDICINE AND PERIODONTOLOGY;KANTARDŽIĆ ALMA-UNIVERSITY OF SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT FOR ORAL MEDICINE AND PERIODONTOLOGY

Title: HYPERPLASTIC LESION OF THE GINGIVA: CASE REPORTS



Hyperplastic lesions are a reactive hyperplasia of connective tissue in response to local ir-ritants. It is a tumour like growth of the oral cavity, frequently located surrounding the anterior teeth or skin that is considered to be neoplastic in nature. It usually arises in response to vari-ous stimuli such as low-grade local irritation, traumatic injury, hormonal factors, or certain kinds of drugs. Histologically, the surface epithelium may be intact, or may show foci of ulcerations or even exhibiting hyperkeratosis. The purpose of this case reports was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of localized hyperplastic lesions of the gingiva treated in our clinic and discuss the management and the prognosis of this tumor.



399 MIRJANA POPOVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia


Specialty: ORAL PATHOLOGY

Author: POPOVSKA MIRJANA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;ATANASOVSKA-STOJANOVSKA ANETA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;RADOJKOVA-NIKOLOVSKA VERA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;MITIC KRISTINA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;BELAZELKOSKA ANA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY; MINOVSKA ANA ETERNA DENT - SKOPJE

Title: T-CELL SUBPOPULATIONS IN LESIONS OF ORAL LICHEN PLANUS



Aim: To determine the distribution and frequency of T(CD3) cells and cell subpopulations in tissue specimens of erosive lichen planus (EF-OLP). Material and Method: Tissue specimens from buccal mucosa were taken from 14 healthy individuals – control group (CG) and 17 sub-jects with EF-OLP. Applying monoclonal antibodies T(CD3) cells, CD4, CD8 and CD4/CD8 ratio in both groups were determined. Results: There were 5.95 ± 2.12% T(CD3) cells in the CG against 9.80 ± 4.04% in the examined group (p<0.001). Distribution of T(CD3) cells in lam-ina propria was 25.35 ± 12.04% in the examined group (p<0.001). There were 3.45 ± 2.05% CD4 epithelial cells in the control group and 4.00 ± 1.95% in the examined group (p<0.4). There were 2.50 ± 1.8% CD8 cells in the control group and 5.80 ± 3.72% in the examined group (p<0.001). CD4/CD8 ratio was 0.51 ± 0.12% in the examined group and it was evi-dently reduced in comparison with the control group. Increased distribution of CD4 cells (10.30 ± 7.60%) and CD8 cells (15.05 ± 5.20%) in lamina propria(p<0.001). CD4/CD8 ratio in the epithelium was 0.51 ± 0.12% against the ratio of lamina propria, which was slightly increased (0.68 ± 0.48%), (p<0.05). Conclusion: Increased distribution and frequency of CD4 and CD8 cells in lamina propria was observed. They were predominantly located in the sub-basal region of stratum papillare and rarely seen in the intra-epithelial region. Key words: oral lichen planus, T-cell subpopulations, CD4 lymphocytes, CD8 lymphocytes



403 ANA BELAZELKOVSKA OHRID-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia


Author: ANA BELAZELKOVSKA-UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ORAL PATHOLOGY AND PERIODONTOLOGY, SS. CYRIL AND METHODIUS ;MIRJANA POPOVSKA -UNIVER-SITY DEPARTMENT OF ORAL PATHOLOGY AND PERIODONTOLOGY, SS. CYRIL AND METHODIUS;KRISTINA MITIC-UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ORAL PATHOLOGY AND PERIODONTOLOGY, SS. CYRIL AND METHODIUS;SVETLANA CEKOVSKA-DEPARTMENT OF MEDICCAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BIOCHEMISTRY, SS. CYRIL AND METHODIUS

Title: ORAL MANIFESTATIONS AND ANALYSIS OF SALIVARY AND BLOOD CREATININE LEV-ELS IN PATIENTS WITH RENAL FAILURE



Chronic renal failure is an irreversible decline in renal function,associated with increased blood urea and creatinine levels.The impaired renal function is reflected in almost every organ sys-tem of the body.In such condition there are also repercussions in the oral cavity.Approximately 90% of all affected patients have oral manifestations which may be consequences of dialysis and renal transplantation as existing therapeutic options. The aim of this study was to evalu-ate oral manifestations and to correlate salivary and blood creatinine levels in patients under-going hemodialysis and renal transplantation. Material and methods:Thirty patients treated with hemodialysis and thirty renal- transplant patients were examined extra orally and intra orally and clinical findings were registered. Creatinine concentration in blood and saliva was assessed using the Jaffe method without deproteinisation(Giesse,Italy). Results:Xerostomia, dry fissured lips,coated tongue and angular cheilitis prevalence was higher in hemodialysis patients compare to renal-transplant patients.No significant difference was found in uremic fetor,unpleasant taste and uremic stomatitis prevalence between both groups of renal patients.Creatinine concentration both in saliva and blood was significantly higher in patients on hemo-dialysis than in patients with renal transplantation.There was a significant positive correlation between salivary and blood creatinine levels. Conclusion:The high prevalence of oral changes and increased salivary creatinine concentration can be used as a potential screening for renal failure or impaired efficacy of the renal replacement therapy. Key words:chronic renal failure, creatinine,hemodialysis, renal transplantation



404 VAGIA KONTOPOULOU THESSALONIKI-Greece


Author: VAGIA KONTOPOULOU-ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF ORAL PATHOLOGY;DIMITRIOS DIONYSOPOULOS-AR-ISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY,DEPARTMENT OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY;ELENI FARMAKI-ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY ,DEPARTMENT OF ORAL PATHOLOGY;ANASTASIOS MAR-KOPOULOS-ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, DE-PARTMENT OF ORAL PATHOLOGY

Title: THE EFFECT OF AMALGAM RESTORATIONS ON THE ORAL MUCOSA. TWO CASE RE-PORTS



Background: Amalgam tattoo is a common intraoral lesion, which results from an accidental implantation of amalgam into the oral adjacent soft tissues during a dental procedure, resulting in a circumscribed area of bluish black pigmentation. Lichenoid reactions of the oral mucosa developing in response to contacting amalgam restorations are a known and accepted disease entity too. Case summary: A 62-year-old man was referred, with an area of circumscribed pigmentation on the mucosa of the edentulous alveolar ridge of the mandible, rearly of the left first premolar. The lesion was asymptomatic and there was no evidence of trauma. The clinical impression suggested that the pigmented lesion was an amalgam tattoo. A 44-year-old man was referred, claimed for sensation of burning on the buccal mucosa, bilaterally. Examination revealed a faint reticular keratosis on the posterior third of the buccal mucosa, bilaterally. The clinical impression suggested that the reticular keratosis represented a lichenoid reaction. In both of cases, a biopsy under local anaesthetic was carried out to exclude dysplastic changes. Dispresed metal typical of an amalgam tattoo and an associated lichenoid reaction was ob-served. There was no evidence of dysplasia. Conclusions: Amalgam tattoos and lichenoid reaction are common lesions of the oral mucosa, generally involving the gingivae, alveolar and buccal mucosa. In view of the diagnosis and lack of symptoms, the patients were simply reas-sured and discharged back to their dentist.



406JANA LAZOROSKA OHRID-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Author: D-R LJUBO JOLEVSKI-PZU D-R JOLEVSKI;D-R MERSIHA LJATO-PZU D-R JOLEVSKI;D-R JANA LAZOROSKA-PZU D-R JOLEVSKI;D-R MARIJA MANEVA-UNIVERZITETSKI KLINICKI CENTAR SV.PANTELEJMON;D-R GABRIELACHUCHKOVA-KJURCHIEVA-UNIVERZITETS-KI KLINICKI CENTAR SV.PANTELEJMON

Title: SURGICAL REMOVAL OF GRANULOMA GIGANTOCELLULARIS REPARATORIS



Surgical removal of Granuloma Gigantocellularis reparatoris by using diode laser D-r Ljubo Jolevski;D-r Mersiha Ljato;D-r Jana Lazoroska;D-r Marija Maneva;D-r Gabriela Chuchkova-Kjurchieva Aim: removal of Granuloma Gigantocellularis reparatoris by using diode laser and patohystological verification Subject and method:The patient M.N. 46 years old to whom has been done an examination,was noticed gingival hyperplasia located in the lower jaw around the left second molar,with smooth white porcelain surface and gummosis consistency.We can notice on the X-ray the presence of the periodontal disease but also absence of bone resorption.We used a diode laser to remove the gingival hyperplasia ,the bleeding was minimal and thee tooth was extracted just to avoid reappearance of this kind of gingival hyperplasia,which after the pathological verification was diagnosed as Granuloma Gigantocellularis reparatoris.Histologi-cally this lesion shows inflamed tissue with multilayered epithelium with parakeratosis,akantosis and multiplying of the stratus granulosum and papillomatosis,and the layers under the epithe-lium are infiltrated with inflammatory infiltrate of lymphocites,hemmoragical areas and connec-tive tissue that contains fibrocytes and fibroblasts and multinuclear cells.It looks like reparative reaction of bleeding or injury. Conclusion:By using diode laser during the surgical removal of Granuloma Gigantocellularis reparatoris we can decrease the bleeding.



420 LJILJANA BAJIĆ NOVI SAD-Serbia

Institute: HEALTH CENTER “BOŠKO VREBALOV”, DEPARTMENT OF DENTISTRY, ZRENJANIN

Author: LJILJANA BAJIĆ, HEALTH CENTER “BOŠKO VREBALOV”,DEPARTMENT OF DENTISTRY, ZRENJANIN PROF.DR LJILJANA KESIĆ, MEDICINE FACULTY, CLINIC OF DENTISTRY, NIŠ, LJILJANA BAJIĆ

Title: CORTICOSTEROID MEDICATION IN THE TREATMENT OF EROSIVE LICHEN PLANUS-TWO CASES REPORT



Oral lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown cause. The most common form of this condition is Erosive lichen planus. The aim of this report is to determine better effi-ciency of corticosteroids in the treatment of Erosive lichen planus. Two cases, 84 and 36-year-old males,with Erosive lichen planus, have been followed. In both cases, painful multiple bi-lateral mucosal lesions,localized on buccal mucosa, tongue and soft palate, confirmed by oral examination,were not associated with dental restorations or any evident systemic disease. The biopsy confirmed diagnosis. In the first case, we used systemic prednisone,gradually reducing dosage from 4,0 mg,at the beginning to 1,0 mg, at the end, combined with topical triamcino-lone application 3 times daily. After 22-days-long therapy was finished, there were no painful erosions on the oral mucosa of 84-year-old patient. In the second case, we used systemic prednisone,as in the first case,but without topical medication, painful lesions still persisted after 22 days. Two months later, 36-year-old patient used combination of systemic prednisone and topical triamcinolone, as in the first case. After 22 days, erosive form was converted to mild reticular. Considering these results, we recommend short-lasting systemic and topical cortico-steroid medication to achieve better efficiency in therapy of Erosive lichen planus.



22 JASMIN FIDOSKI SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Author: JASMIN FIDOSKI-MFS ORTHODONTIC CLINIC - BARCELONA;TODOR ACEVSKI -DENTAL PRIVATE PRACTICE - TETOVO;VANCHO SPIROV-ORAL SURGERY DEPARTMENT (UNI-VERSITY CLINIC - SKOPJE);-; ILIJANA MURATOVSKA, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY-Skopje; VILDANA GOGA CMEGA

Title: HEALING OF WOUNDS WITHIN THE ORAL CAVITY USING EMULSION WITH A NANO NA-TURE: CASE RELEASES



We recorded few cases of treated patients who had inadequately-healing lesions or hefty wound defects after oral minor surgery and with sore-like lesion by using nanoemulsion with-out any side effects. It is a high functional emulsion containing nano vitamin C, nano vitamin E and Propolis in a nano state. We discuss the way how these positive results come out and suggest that it could be an substitutive treatment of particular lesion and wound in oral cavity.



88 GORAN VIDENOVIC BELGRADE-Serbia

Institute: MINISTRY OF HEALTH, REPUBLIC OF SERBIA


Author: GORAN VIDENOVIC-MEDICAL FACULTY, KOSOVSKA MITROVICA;DRAGAN KRA-SIC-MEDICAL FACULTY, NIS;GORAN BJELOGRLIC-ENT INSTITUTE, KLINICAL CEN-TER OF SERBIA, BELGRADE;SASA TABAKOVIC -MEDICAL FACULTY, KOSOVSKA MITROVICA;BOJANA VIDENOVIC-GENERAL HOSPITAL, LESKOVAC

Title: SURGICAL MARGINS IN THE TREATMENT OF NONMELANOMA SKIN CANCER



Skin cancer is the most common form of human cancer. The annual rates of all forms of skin cancer are increasing each year, representing a growing public health problem. The two most common form of skin cancer are basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma, well known as non-melanoma skin cancer. Treatment of nonmelanoma skin cancer depends on the type and loca-tion of the skin cancer as well as the age and general health of the patient. Surgical excision is the most common method in the treatment of basal and squamous cell carcinoma. One of disadvantages of simple surgical excision is incomplete margin control. The aim of this pro-spective study was to assess the influence of the size of the tumor and intraoperative surgical margin on the rate of complete excisions of skin cancer. A total of 64 basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas were excised and analyzed. Data pertaining to patient age, sex, lesion size and margin of excision were collected prospectively. After excision, all tumors specimens were histopathology confirmed completeness/ incompleteness of tumor excision. Tumor size ranged from 5mm to 36mm. Surgical margins were used in the range of 5-12mm. Skvamocelularni carcinomas were incompletely removed in 4.2%, and basal cell carcinomas in 10% of cases within the histopathological groups. Basal cell carcinomas: surgical margin of 5 mm radically removed 83.3% (up to 1cm); 8mm margin- 86.7% (1-2cm): and 10mm 100% (over 3cm). Squa-mous cell carcinomas: 10mm surgical margin removed 100% tumors up to 3cm.



90 GORAN VIDENOVIC

BELGRADE-Serbia

Institute: MINISTRY OF HEALTH, REPUBLIC OF SERBIA


Author: GORAN VIDENOVIC-MEDICAL FACULTY, KOSOVSKA MITROVICA;DRAGAN KRA-SIC-MEDICAL FACULTY, NIS;GORAN BJELOGRLIC-ENT INSTITUTE, KLINICAL CEN-TER OF SERBIA, BELGRADE;SASA TABAKOVIC -MEDICAL FACULTY, KOSOVSKA MITROVICA;BOJANA VIDENOVIC-GENERAL HOSPITAL, LESKOVAC

Title: CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF NONMELANOMA SKIN CANCER



INTRODUCTION: Nonmelanoma skin cancer is the most common cancer worldwide and its incidence is increasing dramatically. Because of variability in its clinical presentation, skillful knowledge of its manifestations is essential for its treatment. AIM: The clinical manifestations of nonmelanoma skin cancer described in this paper aim at assisting medical staff in the timely recognition of skin cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Synthesis of information from re-views of medical literature and personal experience in recognition and treatment of nonmela-noma skin cancer. RESULTS: The author presents a clinical manifestation of the most frequent nonmelanoma skin cancer - Basal Cell and Squamous Cell carcinoma. DISCUSSION: Basal Cell Carcinoma does not present with specific clinical manifestations. It could present as a small or sizeable lesion. The most frequent presentations of Basal Cell carcinoma are: papu-lonodular, pigment, morfea like, metatipical (basosquamous.) Some variant manifestations are extremely rare (linear, keloid). Squamous Cell skin cancer could present as a single lesion on first sight on healthy skin or it could present as well as a multifocal lesion. Hyperkeratosis, per-sistent ulcer or proliferate nodule are only a small sample of its clinical picture.



91MARINA MAJSTORCEVA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: MEDICAL FACULTY SKOPJE

Author: TEODOR VENINOV*-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE;BORCE VELICKOVSKI-FACUL-TY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE;MARINA MAJSTORCEVA-MEDICAL FACULTY SKOPJE;FILIP VENINOV-MEDICAL FACULTY SKOPJE;MERI PEEVA-UNUVERSITY CLINIC OF STOMA-TOLOGY SKOPJE

Title: CAUSES FOR PAIN AFTER OF TEETH EXTRACTION (DOLOR POST EXTRACTIONEM)



Causes for pain after of teeth extraction(Dolor post extractionem) The survey the we have caried out was:-to acknowledge the prevalence of postextraction pain in dependance with the gender;to calculate the risk factors of presence of pain and to estimate the post extraction wound (the alveola). Material and methods: For the completion of our survey we included 54 respondents in which 23 were between the age of 16-40 ( 5 femails and 18 males) and the other 31 respondents were between the age of 41-59(13 femails and 18 males) in which teeth were being extracted. The results of the survey suggested that :difference in the final results between the two groups were suggesting a very high statistical value (p=0.001) when we take in consideration of the presence of intact mucosae, and also the existance of statistical value (p=0.05 ) when the mucosae was inflamated or mechanically damaged.Statistically differences in the values between the both survey groups suggest that there is a statistical significance (p>0.05) when there is a part of a root being left behind in the alveola, also there is statistical significance of (p=0.01) when there is a bone sequester and an infection being present and lastly a very high statistical significance (p=0.001) when the ethiology of alveolar osteitis is sim-ply unknown. Conclusion:Most of complications after extraction can be avoided by professional work and good training of the dentist,followed by necessary precaution of the dentist and using the given directions by patients. Key words : dolor post extractionem.



124MINAS AIKATERINIS XANTHI-Greece

Author: MINAS AIKATERINIS*-ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI;VASIKIKI BOKA-AR-ISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI;ANNA LEFKELIDOU-ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI

Title: MULTIPLE SUPERNUMERARY THIRD MOLARS



BACKGROUND: Supernumerary teeth can be defined as extra erupted or unerupted teeth, which resemble teeth of normal shape.This condition is also known as hyperdontia. It can be involved in the primary dentition (0.3-0.8%), as well as the permanent dentition (1.5%-3.5%).The majority of supernumerary teeth are situated in the maxilla with a rate from 90 to 98% and it is two times more often in males than females. PURPOSE: The purpose of this poster is to present a 20-year-old Caucasian male patient with multiple supernumerary third molars METHODS AND MATERIALS: The patient went to a private dental clinc complaining about constant ‘‘pressure’’ on his anterior teeth in both jaws. . The panoramic radiograph revealed the presence of four supernumerary teeth, behind the third molars (4th molars.) Two of them were situated in the maxilla and two of them in the mandible. All the 4th molars were impacted into the bone. After a surgical consultation, it was decided the extraction of the two upper third molars. RESULTS: When both the upper supernumerary teeth were extracted, the patient was revealed from the constant pressure. The next therapeutic procedure includes the surgical extraction of the lower 4th molars. CONCLUSION: In the case of patients with 4th molars who faced constant pressure in their jaws, the extraction of supernumerary molars is a treatment of choice




Author: TEODOR VENINOV*-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE;BORCE VELICKOVSKI-FACUL-TY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE;MARINA MAJSTORCEVA-MEDICAL FACULTY SKOPJE;FILIP VENINOV-MEDICAL FACULTY SKOPJE;MERI PAVLEVSKA-PRIVATE PRACTICE NIKOLA PAVLOVSKI

Title: POST –EXTRACTION PAIN(DOLOR POST EXTRACTIONEM) DELIVERED IN VAS SCALE



Post –extraction pain(dolor post extractionem) delivered in VAS scale Pain after extraction of teeth (dolor post extractionem) is result of local inflamation an the alveola where free end of nerves are exposed to different mechanical,thermical and chemical influences that lead to appearance of intensive pain appearance. The goal of this survey was to estimate the type and intensity of the pain in order the most effective therapy to be used. In order to realise our survey,we included 54 respondents at the age of 16-40 ,they all answered question list,they all said that they prefer healty way of life and habbits,all of them with low operative risk for such type of intervention.They all filled questionmarks wich included informations required for the goal of our survey.Intensity of the pain was estimatet with using VAS scale(visual-analogue scale). The values of the intensity of pain are determined by the use of the VAS scale distribut-ed in days in which it rapidly increases till the forth day, and then a decline steps into place. The statistical difference in the values between the two groups suggest the the use of conserva-tive and combined conservative-surgical therapy suggest a statictical significance of (p>0.05). Dolor post extractionem as a complication which occurs after tooth extraction, is a multi-causal dependent state in which determining the etiological factors plays a key role in further develop-ing a therapy. Key words:,dry socket, VAS scale



136EDIZ DENIZ ISTANBUL Turkey


Specialty: ORAL& MAXİLLOFACİAL SURGERY

Author: AHMET HAMDI ARSLAN-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPART-MENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY;EDIZ DENIZ-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY;JALE TANALP-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF END-ODONTICS

Title: BROKEN ENDODONTIC INSTRUMENT PENETRATING THE BUCCAL MUCOSA: A CASE REPORT



ABSTRACT: Background: The fracture of endodontic instrument during treatment is an unfor-tunate complication. The location of the broken instrument is important to decide whether to remove it or to leave it in the root canal. Objectives: To describe and to discuss the surgical management of a previously broken endodontic instrument. Study design: The patient was in-vestigated radiologically and clinically. The broken instrument seemed radiologically within the confines of the left maxillary first molar tooth but in fact located beyond the apical region per-forating the vestibular alveolar bone. It was removed by a surgical intervention. Results: The healing was uneventful. Conclusions: X-rays may not be satisfactory in identifying the location of a broken instrument. Practioners may easily miss the presence of it unless it may be disturb-ing the buccal gingival tissue. Surgical intervention is inevitable where the broken instrument is penetrating the oral tissues and may not be removed with non surgical methods. Key words: Broken endodontic instrument, surgical treatment.



139GORAN VIDENOVIC BELGRADE-Serbia

Institute: MINISTRY OF HEALTH


Author: GORAN VIDENOVIC-MEDICAL FACULTY, KOSOVSKA MITROVICA;GORAN BJELOGRLIC-ENT INSTITUTE, CLINICAL CENTRE OF SERBIA;VESNA STOJANOVIĆ KAMBEROVIĆ-HEALTH CENTER ZVEZDARA, BELGRADE

Title: PARAPHARYNGEAL SPACE TUMOR – CASE REPORT



Introduction: The parapharyngeal space tumor, benign, primary malignant or metastatic in its nature and predominantly unilaterally localized may originate from all the regional elements and its characteristic symptoms depend on size, localization and expansiveness degree. Aim of work: To review an asymptomatic tumor in the para-pharyngeal space incidentally detected upon MRI performed for neuroophthalmologic reasons. Method: The information needed for case report are obtained based on history, clinical examination, splanchnocranial MRI, neck echo examination, intraoperative findings and PH analysis of the extirpated tumor. Results: A 62-year old female patient with tumor formation in the parapharyngeal space detected upon endocranial MRI. The expansive formation or irregular ellipsoid shape, sized 52 x 52 x 33 mm compressing the right lateral epipharyngeal and oropharyngeal wall was evidenced in the right para pharyngeal space, medially to the mandibular ramus, with relatively benign MRI charac-teristics. Clinical examination evidenced lowering of the anterior and posterior palatine arches on the right side as well as their medial dislocation with anterior uvular dislodgement. Intraoral palpation evidenced in the region of the right, anterior palatine arch a lobular, painless, poorly demarcated tumor change. Conclusion: Pleomorphic adenoma, benign epithelial tumor of as-ymptomatic course, liable to recurring, with low incidence of the malignant alteration, was de-tected owing to destruction of the surrounding structures due to its extensive growth producing the symptoms dependent on localization, however it is frequently detected incidentally upon diagnostic procedures performed for other reasons.



161DZENAD GANJOLA PODGORICA-Montenegro

Institute: JU KCCG

Specialty: ORAL HIRURGY

Author: DZENAD GANJOLA-CLINIC OF STOMATOLOGY PODGORICA;O. DJURIC-;T. DZARIC

Title: THE REASONS FOR TOOTH EXTRACTIONS



Abstract The purpose of this study was to identify and investigate the essential reasons for the extractions of the teeth of the permanent dentition. Materials and methods: The research was done at the Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry and the Department of Oral Surgery Clinical Centre of Montenegro, during the period from January through March 2012. The method was based upon a questionnaire which, other than the basic personal data on the patient, also included the essential reasons for each particular extraction. The data collected was then statistically processed by parametric and non-parametric analyses of variance, de-pending on the respective distributions of the results. Results: A total of 113 subjects,61 (54%) were female and 52 (46%) male patients. The principal reason for a tooth extraction was car-ies (53.4%). Furthermore, 75.7% of the patients did not have any previous endodontic treat-ment prior to extraction. With regard to the position of the teeth, the most frequently extracted were the first permanent molars, on the account of caries (25.3%). The lower front teeth were extracted mostly because of periodontitis, and in the 45+ age-group (8.7%), whereas in the younger-age groups it was the first premolars, extracted exclusively for orthodontic reasons. Conclusion: Due to extensive carious destructions of the molars it was not possible to provide an adequate endodontic treatment and/or conservative therapy, so extraction was the sole option for those unrestorable teeth. It is therefor recommendable that prevention programs be pursued to achieve and maintain oral health.



175CENA DIMOVA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: UNIVERSITY “GOCE DELCEV” – STIP

Specialty: ORAL SURGEON

Author: CENA DIMOVA-UNIVERSITY “GOCE DELCEV” FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES– STIP, ;KOVACEVSKA IVONA-UNIVERSITY “GOCE DELCEV” FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES– STIP;GEORGIEV ZLATKO-DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER - SKOPJE;PAPAKOCA KIRO,-UNI-VERSITY “GOCE DELCEV” FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES– STIP;EVROSIMOVSKA BILJANA-DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER - SKOPJE

Title: CONTEMPORARY ANTIBOPROPHYLAXIS OF DENTAL INFECTIOUS ENDOCARDITIS



Background: Bacterial endocarditis is in many cases result of bacteraemia produced by opera-tive procedures, among which is tooth extraction. There is a strong indication for using efficient antibiotic cover for dental extractions and other operative procedures known to be followed by a bacteremia. The aim of this study was to amount all literature acknowledgements for the prevention of endocarditis following dental procedures, as well as emphasizing the application of contemporary aspects and concepts for conservative and oral-surgical approach in these patients. Material and method: Examination sample was consisted of 40 patients (20 adults and 20 children,) with diagnosed cardiac defects, prosthetic cardiac valves and previous bac-terial endocarditis in which 46 stomatological interventions were done. Preparation includes: -Laboratorial investigations, to establish stabile general health condition (sedimentation, leu-kocyte formula, fibrinogen, CRP, prothrombin time, glykemia, urea and bilirubin) - Antibiotic therapy before conservative and oral-surgical interventions (Caps. Ampicillini 2g or Clindamy-cini 600mg one hour before extraction). Patients were followed during 24, 48 hours, than after seven days and 30 days, with attention to observe possible general and local complications. Results: Safety dental procedures were performed after: o Establish stabile general health condition (assign parameters from laboratorial findings were in the borders of referents val-ues). o Selective indication for stomatological interventions o Precise antibiotic prophylaxis o Concordance from cardiologists. Conclusion: Selective approach and preparation, evaluation for basis disease and multidisciplinary collaboration with cardiologists, present fundamentals for safety and successful realization of indicated stomatological interventions without complica-tions in basis disease.



178AMET DEMIRI TETOVA-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: CLINIC FOR ORAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, STATE UBIVERSITY OF TETOVA


Author: AMET DEMIRI-CLINIC FOR ORAL SURGERY, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, STATE UNIVERSITY OF TETOVA;SEHA MUSTAFAI -2CLINIC FOR ORAL SURGERY “ORAL ESTETIC SURGERY” TETOVA

Title: SURGICAL APPROACHING OF ENDODONTICS FAILURE TEETH



Aim: The aim of this study is to analyze the difference of success by re treatment with ortho-grade and retrograde filling method of endodontically failure teeth. Material and methods: In a period from 2010 to 2011 year were surgically treated 48 patients( 27 males and 17 females) in age from 11 to 68 years old. 48 surgically treated teeth with periapical lesions were divided into two groups. First group (control group) was compound from 24 teeth with periapical le-sions filled by orthograde way. Second group (study group) was also compound from 24 teeth with periapical lesions filled by retrograde way, because they have intra radicular restorations or metal ceramic crowns. Results: After 12 months, bay all patients was made X-ray control, and by first group(control group) were evaluated 8 cases with complete healing, 10 cases with unfinished healing, 4 cases with suspect healing, and 2 failure cases. By second group(study group) were evaluated 14 cases with complete healing, 6 cases with unfinished healing, 4 cases with suspect healing. Concerning the postoperative healing of lesions, by X-ray controls there was no statistically significant difference between two groups after 12 months (p = 0.59). Conclusions: From this study, we can conclude that application of a retrograde filling with sur-gical intervention,apicectomy, could bee considered like a minimal invasive procedure, which has positive effect by postoperative clinic results. Key words: Re treatment, retrograde filling, orthograde filling



185 VANCHO SPIROV SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: UNIVESITY DENTAL CLINIC ST.PANTELEJMON-SKOPJE


Author: SPIROV VANCHO-UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIC ST.PANTELEJMON-SKOPJE;VELICKOVSKI BORIS-UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIC ST.PANTELEJMON-SKOPJE;ANDREEVSKA VESNA-UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIC ST.PANTELEJMON-SKOPJE;CVETANOVSKA STOJCEVA DANIELA-PRIVATE DENTAL PRACTISE-ETERNA DENT;VELJANOVSKI DARKO-PRIVATE DENTAL PRACTISE

Title: SURGICAL APPROACH IN THE TREATMENT OF RETINATED FUSIONED MAXILLARY MO-LARS-A CASE REPORT



Introduction: Under term D.Impacta we implies teeth retained in bone, and their growth is dis-abled due to present of visible mechanical interference.D.retinens are unerupted teeth that have no place in the mouth despite the fact that there are no visible mechanical interference. One of reason for this retention is the fusion of the dental germs that occurs during embry-onic tooth development. Case summary: At the Clinic of Oral Surgery in Skopje we surgically treated patients with triple impacted maxillary molars.The teeth were interconnected so that for their extraction was necessary complete separation. Conclusion: Surgical approach for extrac-tion of retinated fusioned maxillary molars depends on good clinical examination and correct preoperative x-ray evaluation.Extraction of teeth in most cases takes place with separation with preserving the integrity of the surrounding anatomical structures.



195MUSTAFA KOCACIKLI ANKARA-Turkey

Author: MUSTAFA KOCACIKLI-GAZI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;SEMIH DEMIRCIOGLU-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: PATHWAY FOR IMPLANT SUPPORTED MAXILLOFACIAL PROSTHESIS



PATHWAY FOR IMPLANT SUPPORTED MAXILLOFACIAL PROSTHESIS Maxillo facial prosthodontists have some diffuculties while inserting the prosthesis on the defect area. These are special for the implant supported extraoral prosthesis because of the different angled im-plants. The use of magnet supra structure is preferable in some case. The magnets can be modified for the pathway. In this case, 65 years old patient had to wear modified magnets on his implant supported orbital prosthesis.



204KIRO PAPAKOCA SHTIP-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: UNIVERSITY \\


Author: KIRO PAPAKOCA-UNIVERSITY \\;CENA DIMOVA-UNIVERSITY \\;VLATKO FILIPOVSKI-PHO “DR. FILIPOVSKI” – VINICA, R. MACEDONIA;VELKO PAPAKOCA-PHO “DENT ESTET” – SHTIP, R. MACEDONIA

Title: BONE REGENERATION AFTER REMOVAL CYSTIC LESIONS IN MAXILLA – CASE RE-PORT



Key words: Apical resection, augmentation, bone substituent Introduction: Radicular cyst ex-tension can result with significant alveolar ridge destruction. One of the therapy options after apical resection and cystectomy is to completely fill the alveolar ridge damage with bone syn-thetic substituent. The aim of this study was to present the advantage of ridge augmentation after apical resection and cystectomy. Case report and result: A female patient (age 46) with diagnosis of radicular cyst (10mm) on the left first and second maxillary incisive. Apicoectomy and cystectomy were made with placing bone synthetic substituent in the alveolar ridge. After 4 months new aesthetic restorations were made. Conclusions: The reconstruction of jaw bone tissues and the procedure of bone ridge augmentation are necessary in the ordinary oral sur-gery interventions. When sufficient bone volume will compromise the final aesthetic restora-tion, then augmentation of the alveolar ridge is method of choice for most of the patients.



213LALABONOVA HRISTINA PLOVDIV-Bulgaria

Institute: DEPARTMENT OF MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY


Author: LALABONOVA, HRISTINA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY;PETROV, PETKO-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF MAXILLOFA-CIAL SURGERY

Title: ER-YAG LASER TREATMENT FOR ORAL LEUKOPLAKIA



Introduction: Laser surgery is an effective resort for treatment of premalignant oral lesions. The Er-YAG laser is a new generation system with specific characteristics and a built-in water cool-ing. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to establish the treatment of oral leukoplakia with Er-YAG laser. Materials: The object of this study was 27 patients histologically proven with oral leukoplakia, with no presence of cell displasia. Methods: All 27 patients were treated once with Er-YAG laser by vapolarizing technic. The healing process of the wound was followed up along with presence of pain, cicatrix formations and recurrence. Results: The healing process runs smoothly, without cicatrix formations. No presence of pain. Feeding and comfort of the patients is recovered immediately after the procedure. Conclusion: Er-YAG laser is an effective resort for treatment of oral leukoplakia which gives patients excellent comfort and good postoperative results.






Author: LALABONOVA, HRISTINA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY;PEICHEVA, STEFKA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF MAXILLOFA-CIAL SURGERY;PETROV, PETKO-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DEN-TAL MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

Title: RARE CASE OF SOFT TISSUE NECROSIS OF THE PALATE -LITERATURE REVIEW AND PRESENTATION OF CASE



Introduction: There are lesions in the mouth of various etiology: carcinomas, tuberculosis, syphilitic, traumatic, etc. Areas with necrosis can be observed in each one of these. It is too complicated to establish the cause for this necrosis. Objectives: We aim in this study to present a case of oral lesion of no clear etiology which is histologically presented as carcinomas. Ma-terials: A patient of 22, with a painful necrotic lesion involving the oral mucosa and submucosa on soft and hard palate, found symmetrical on both sides of the midline. Complaints date three weeks back, the symptoms increases and the lesion grows larger. Results and discussion: A histological examination was done, that showed no presence of neoplastical process. After a second conversation with the patient it was found that a week before the first symptoms ap-peared she had a meal of hot cheese which sticked to her palate. This is most likely the cause for tightening the feeding blood vessels that led to soft tissue necrosis.






Author: LALABONOVA, HRISTINA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY;DASKALOV, HRISTO-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF ORAL SUR-GERY

Title: CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF LOW-LEVAL LASER RADIATION (LLLR) IN TREATMENT OF APHTHOUS STOMATITIS



Introduction: Stomatitis aphthosais a disease with major symptom pain. Different methods are used for its treatment. The effects of LLLR on the trophic and tissue regeneration have been demonstrated experimentally. Upon stimulation of healing processesplay role the provokingin growth of epithelium and the formation of new vessels. The purpose of this study is to make a clinical evaluation of the therapeutic effect of LLLR in Stomatitisaphthosa, developed by apply-ing our treatment protocol. Material and Methods: We studied 180 patients that were divided into two groups: Group I (studied) - 90 patients who applied LLLR in the red spectrum (λ) 658nmwith protocol developed by us. The procedure is applied daily. Group II (control) - 90 pa-tients to whom a medication is applied(Granofurin and Solkozeril). Results: The changes of the painintensity, redness and epithelization have been considered. Better outcomes were found for patients at Group I. The selected parameters were enabling rapid relief of pain and inflam-matory symptoms. The epithelization was accelerated significantly. Conclusion: The method for the treatment of Stomatitis aphthosawith LLLR showed good results and is recommended for use.






Author: LALABONOVA, HRISTINA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

Title: TREATMENT OF DECUBITAL WOUNDS OF THE ORAL MUCOSA WITH LOW LEVALLAZER RADIATION (LLLR)



Introduction: Decubiti wounds of the mouth are very painful and create discomfort in speaking and eating. Treatment is prolonged. The purpose of this work is to propose a method for stimu-lating the healing process of decubiti wounds by LLLRand to make the choice of a suitable laser source, wavelength, frequency, dose and number of sessions. Material and Methods: The observation is made on 30 patients. A distant method of LLLR is applied with focused beam ir-radiation area - 0.5 cm2 with lightguide in the red (λ) 658 nm or infrared (λ) 904 nm spectrums. Diode laser system is used. The area of influence is the area of decubiti wound and the adja-cent mucosa up to 0.5-1 cm distance from it. The dose is 1-2 J/cm2. The procedure is applied daily to the sound of symptoms. Results: There was a quick pain relief and rapid epithelializa-tion of the wound. Conclusion: The application of LLLR treatment of decubiti wounds is an easy and convenient method.



220LALABONOVA HRISTINA PLOVDIV

Country: Bulgaria



Author: LALABONOVA, HRISTINA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY PLOVDIV, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

Title: STIMULATION OF THE HEALING PROCESS OF THE OPERATIONAL WOUNDS BY LOW LEVEL LASER RADIATION



Introduction: In the body of the time surgery is stressed. Healing begins with the transformation of fibroblast cells on both surfaces cut in elongated, fusiform and stellate cells forming strands attached cut one surface to the other. Upon stimulation of healing processes play role the pro-voking in growth of epithelium and the formation of new vessels. The purpose of this work is to propose a method to stimulate the healing process of wounds by operating low-energy laser radiation by the selection of a suitable laser source wavelength, frequency, dose and number of sessions. Material and Methods: Objects of observation are 50 patients. A distant LLLR method focused beam irradiation area - 0.5 cm2 with light guide in the red (λ) 658 nm or infra-red (λ) 904 nm spectrums have been applied. Diode laser system has been used. The area of influence is the area of the surgical wound and the adjacent mucosa up to 0.5-1 cm distance from it. The dose is 1.5 to 2 J/ cm2. The procedure is applied one day before surgery, on the day of the surgery and one day after the surgery. Results: We found accelerated healing of the surgical wound, no pain and complications. Conclusion: The proposed methods are useful for stimulating the healing process of wounds in the oral cavity.



225NINETA FINO TIRANA-Albania

Institute: ALDENT UNIVERISITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE TIRANA

Specialty: OMF SURGEON

Author: PROF.DR.RAMAZAN ISUFI-\;STELA PANTEQI-ALDENT UNIVERSITY;ERSELA ALIKAJ-AL-DENT UNIVERSITY

Title: DETERMINATION OF IMPACTED OR DISPLACED CANINES LOCATION USING CLINICAL AND RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION



Backeground. The aim of this presentation is to pinpoint the location of Impacted maxillary and mandibulary canines in order to draft a treatment plan. Tooth impaction can be defined as the infraosseous position of the tooth after the expected time of eruption, whereas the anomalous infraosseous position of the canine before the expected time of eruption can be defined as a displacement. Most of the time, palatal displacement of the maxillary canine results in impac-tion. Materials and methods: In this case study were involved 80 patients with impacted ca-nines, 80 panoramic radiograph, 80 periapical rӧ and 80 occlusal rӧ. Based on our data, 96% of the cases resulted in canines retained in the maxilla. 70% of those were found in a palatinal location, 18% in vestibular location and 12% were found in an intermediary location. In order to pinpoint their location (on which side the tumefaction is located), we made use of the clinic and radiographic examination, such as : panoramic radiograph, periapical rӧ and occlusal rӧ. The treatment of intermediate location cases is more difficult. Conclusions: The clinic and ra-diographic examination are very helpful in determining the canines position.They provide the basic grounds on which the type of treatment, the time of treatment and possible results will be expected. Determination of impacted or displaced canines location using clinical and radio-graphic examination



232OGNJEN ANTEŠEVIĆ BANJA LUKA-Bosnia and Herzegovina

Author: OGNJEN ANTEŠEVIĆ-DOM ZDRAVLJA BANJA LUKA;SAŠA MARIN-UNIVERSITY OF BAN-JA LUKA, FACULTY OF MEDICINE

Title: FREQUENCY OF ALVEOLITIS



BACKGROUND: Alveolitis is disorder of normal healing after tooth extraction. Major symp-tom of alveolitis is sharp pain in jaw which is reason why alveolits was named pain after tooth extraction (dolores post extractionem). There are many etiological factors and theories about alveolitis occurrence (infections, trauma, allergic reactions, hypovitaminosis, diabetes…). Aim of this study is to present frequency of alveolitis and thorough the results discuss about facts of its appearing. METHODES AND MATERIALS:In this study is included patients from one ambu-lance in Banjaluka with dolor post extractionem who was visited dentist during one year (2012). RESULTS:There were 80 patients with dolor post extractionem (45% male and 55% female). Patients are divided in 4 groups (under 30 years, 31-50 years, 51-65 years, after 65 years). Presence of alveolitis is significant in lower jaw (87,5%) in compare to upper jaw (12,5%), mostly in second group of patients (31-50 year). Comparing the group of teeth pain appear-ance after tooth extraction was usually after extraction first molar and premolar in upper jaw (40% ) and after first and second molar in lower jaw (35,71% , 30,00%). CONCLUSION:The most common presence of alveolitis is after extraction molars and premolars. These groups of teeth are in relation with complicated and traumatic extraction (teeth with more roots), which is probably one of the major factors of alveolitis etiology. Also, the presence of alveolitis is frequent in lower jaw because it is bone with more compact substance than maxilla which is related with complicated teeth extraction.



264LOZANA BINJAKU TIRANA-Albania

Institute: NATIONAL CENTRE OF TRAUMATOLOGIA

Specialty: SURGERY ORO-MAXILLO-FACIALE

Author: LOZANA BINJAKU-NATIONAL CENTRE OF TRAUMATOLOGIA;ALMA TELITI-NATIONAL CENTRE OF TRAUMATOLOGIA;GURIEN DEMIRAQI-NATIONAL CENTRE OF TRAUMATO-LOGIA;

Title: THE FACIAL MASSIVE DAMAGE BY THE FIREARMS WITH LOSS OF EYES



POSTER PRESENTATION SUBJECT: THE FACIAL MASSIVE DAMAGE BY THE FIREARMS ASSOCIATED WITH LOSS OF EYES DR.LOZANA BINJAKU Purpose: Identification of max-illary-facial injuries caused by firearms, in order to present the difficulty of eliminating the de-fects in the first phase and to point out the importance of treatment of these defects in two or more stages. Material and methods: The patient aged 12 - years is presented in the Urgency of Traumatic Central Military Hospital, in Tirana after an accident (hit with firearms from his brother) with soft tissue injuries to the face, loss of maxillary bone, left orbital bone, damage to the frontal bone, with loss of both eyes, with nasal bleeding. Urgent was made tracheostomy and in the first moment was made the left-eye exclusion and closure of the bucal defect, frontal and orbital with sliding plastic surrounding tissue. The patient was subjected to the Roentgen examinations head CT, CT-thoraxy, Ro mandible. the patientin the first week was fed by gas-tric drill. Bone defects will be treated in a second stage. Conclusions: Firearms cause major damage, with loss of tissue in two or more organs. Their treatment is a difficult stage, because the correction of two or more defects requires several stages. To provide respiratory , stopping bleeding and soft tissue plastic is the first stage is realized in an emergency. Replacement of bone defects with plastic material constitutes the the later stages. Keywords: Tracheostomy, exclusion of the eye, bleeding, plastic



271BLERTA RUMANO TIRANE-Albania

Author: BLERTA RUMANO-UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIC, TIRANA, ALBANIA;MERITA BARDHOSHI-UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIC, TIRANA, ALBANIA

Title: EPULIS-DIAGNOSTIC AND CLINICAL TREATMENT WITH DIODE LAZER 980 NM CASE REPORT



EPULIS-DIAGNOSTIC AND CLINICAL TREATMENT WITH DIODE LAZER 980 NM CASE REPORT BLERTA RUMANO*, MERITA BARDHOSHI University Dental Clinic, Tirana, Albania INTRODUCTION The gingival mucosa is continuously facing a wide variety of challenges.The response of the gingival tissues to pathogenic factors such as dental plaque, calculus ect. may lead to reactive, hyperplastic changes. We herein report a case of epulis, a benign tumor. Surgical excision is the preferred treatment of this lesion using diode laser 980nm. CASE SUMMERY A 16 year-old girl was referred to the University Dental Clinic in Tirana for evaluation and treatment of her gingival conditions. On intraoral examination was a localized hyperplastic lesion on the vestibular surface of the interdental papillae between the first and second mandibular molars on the right. The patient was symptom-free. The radiograph reveals no resorption of the alveolar septa.The patient is treated as outpatient under local anesthesia 2% 0.5cc and laser parameter 5w. The histolological section of epulis exhibits ulceration of the surface epithelium and a fibroendothelial proliferation of the stroma. No suture were required.The patient referred no pain, no swelling after surgery.The patient is follow-up after one month, six months after surgery for evaluation of wound healing, scar formation and the consistence of gingiva. One year follow-up showed no signs of recurrence of this lesion. CONCLUSION The surgery with diode laser is well accepted by the patient because of its comfortable postopera-tive period and the wound healed without complications.



303DARKO VELJANOVSKI SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: PRIVATE PRACTICE OPTIMUM DENTAL


Author: DARKO VELJANOVSKI*-PRIVATE PRACTICE OPTIMUM DENTAL,SKOPJE;BORIS VELICKOVSKI-UNIVERSITY CLINIC FOR ORAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,SKOPJE;VANCO SPIROV-UNIVERSITY CLINIC FOR ORAL SURGERY, SKOPJE;MARIJA PEEVA PETRESKA-UNIVERSITY CLINIC FOR ORAL SURGERY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY,SKOPJE;SONJA LIVRINIKJ-PRIVATE PRACTICE OPTIMUM DENTAL,SKOPJE

Title: BIPHOSPHONATE-ASSOCIATED OSTEONECROSIS OF MANDIBULA IN PATIENT WITH MYLTIPLE MYELOMA : A CASE REPORT



Background: Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a pathological entity presented with a jaw de-fect that fails to heal within six to eight weeks.Biphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis (BOJ) develops in patients treated with biphosphonates for myeloma, breast or prostate cancer ther-apy . Biphosponates are highly toxic to bone cells, escpecially to osteoclasts. BOJ typically occurs in patients with poor oral hygiene, following oral surgical procedures and long term biphosphonate treatment. Matherial and methods:We present a case of a 63 years old male patient diagnozed with myeloma multiplex IgG that underwent autologous stem cell transplan-tation. An intravenous pamindronate was included in the post- transplantation therapy. Five months after therapy initiation he developed an ulcerative wound in the posterior left mandibula accompanied with purulent secretion, pain and edema. The ortopantomograph revealed lytic bone lesions histopathologically confirmed as osteonecrosis. Microbilogical findings revealed anaerobic bacterial infiltration.The pamindronate therapy was ceased and wound debridement was done. Wide spectrum antibiotic (amoxicillinum + clavulanic acid) was prescribed. Results: Four weeks later we witnessed a complete diminishment of the mandibular lesion. Conclusion: BOJ is relatively new disease.The major risk factors for the its occurence are: potency and intravenous administration of biphosphonates, poor oral hygiene and oral surgical treatments during the treatment. The role of surgery is only potentially curative since it may cause addi-tional complications. There is no consensus for the BOJ treatment.Oral hygiene maintenance, regular dental examinations during the biphosphonate treatment and dental management pro-tocols before the start of treatment are extremely significant. Prevention is of paramount im-portance.



313LJUBA SIMJANOVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia



Author: KRISTINA JACIMOVIC-TASEVSKA-PHF D-R JACIMOVIC – TASEVSKA;SINISHA SIM-JANOVSKI-PIVATE DENTAL PRACTISE;MIRJANA MARKOVSKA-ARSOVSKA-USKC ST. PANTELEJMON SKOPJE,FACULTY;SIMONA SIMJANOVSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY ST. CIRYL AND METODIJ SKOPJE

Title: POST EXTIRPATION AUGMENTING OF BONE DEFECT FROM RESIDUAL CYST



The most common etiological factors for residual cysts to appear are bone lesions like a result of proliferation of the epithelial cells in the bone tissue after the therapeutic treatment which are known like residual cysts. The percentage dullness of those cysts is 10 %. Inadequate curettage of the process after extracting the tooth or the remaining piece of the cyst is the most common factor for appearing of the residual cyst. We show a case of enormous cyst and augmented bone defect with alloplastic material (Novocor Plus). Materials and methods: At this case the growing and the development of the cyst was with poor symptomatology because its toothless jaw. The final diagnose can be settled only by RTG. Because it was enormous bone defect we augmented with Novocor Plus. Conclusion: The therapeutic intervention consists with extraction of the cyst with augmenting the bone defect and preparation for latter prosthetic construction.



314SINISHA SIMJANOVSKI SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: PIVATE DENTAL PRACTISE

Specialty: DENTIST

Author: SINISHA SIMJANOVSKI-PIVATE DENTAL PRACTISE;LJUBA SIMJANOVSKA-CLINIC OF ORAL SURGERY USKC ST. PANTELEJMON SKOPJE;JAGODA BAJEVSKA-CLINIC OF ORAL SURGERY AND CLINIC PROSTHETICS USKC ST. PANTELEJMON SKOPJE

Title: SURGICAL – PROSTHETIC TREATMENT OF HYPERPLASIA AS RESULT OF PROSTHET-IC CONSTRUCTION



Chronic irritation of the prosthetic construction, can swell the tissue and the result is hyper-plasia. Today’s pre prosthetic surgery through various surgical methods can provide esthetic, functional prosthetic construction. In this case we present the opportunity of oral surgical in-creasing of the height of the gingiva for the future prosthetic construction. The patients with hyperplasia of the gingiva have inflammation after the bridge removal. With surgical method the gingiva is treated and prosthetic construction can be made. Oral surgical intervention is the only solution to provide adequate height for the body of the bridge, and we have good hygiene function and esthetics.



316LJUBA SIMJANOVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia



Author: LJUBA SIMJANOVSKA-CLINIC OF ORAL SURGERY USKC ST. SKOPJE- ;BILJANA DJI-PUNOVA- CLINIC OF ORTHODONTICS USKC ST. PANTELEJMON SKOPJE- ;BRUNO NIKOLOVSKI-PIVATE DENTAL PRACTISE ;OLGA KOKOCEVA IVANOVSKA-CLINIC OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY;KRISTINA JACIMOVIC TASEVSKA-PHF D-R JACIMOVIC - TASEVSKA

Title: HYPERDONTIA AND ERUPTION OF THE PERMANENT TEETH



Introduction: The most frequent stop for the eruption of the permanent teeth is the hyperdontia, which is to be found in the first dentition as in the permanent dentition represented with 0.2%-1.9%. The mechanism of occurring of supernumerary teeth is not explained and totally clear yet, but it can provide problems by the eruption of the permanent teeth as well as by leaving lack of space in the teeth arch. The diagnostics of the hyperdontia can be provided by a clinical examination as well as by Rtg verification. Aim: is to show the importance of the appropriate and on time diagnostics of the hyperdontia, which can be a mechanical stop for the eruption of the permanent teeth. Material and methods: In a period of 3 years, there are 26 chirurgical interventions for extracting of supernumerary teeth done, in the both jaws. All of the cases were provided with Rtg pictures for verification of the number and localization of the supernumerary teeth. By the localization, the results showed that there is higher presence of the supernumer-ary teeth in the maxilla and by the females. Conclusion: In the cases where the tooth does not have a finished root-growth, the supernumerary teeth should be extracted in order to provide a natural eruption of the tooth. In the cases where the root-growth is finished, a corticotomy with brackets is indicated.



393MIRJANA MARKOVSKA ARSOVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: STOMATOLOGICAL CLINICAL CENTAR ``ST. PANTELEJMON``


Author: MIRJANA MARKOVSKA ARSOVSKA-STOMATOLOGICAL CLINICAL CENTAR ``ST PANTELEJMON``;ZORAN ARSOVSKI-PHO DENT ART;LJUBA SIMJANOVSKA-STOMATO-LOGICAL CLINICAL CENTAR ``ST. PANTELEJMON

Title: ETIOLOGY OF DRY SOCKET APPEREANCE



Introduction Dry socket is a postoperative complication that occurs after a dental extraction. It is generaly accepted that most dry socket appear after extraction of third impacted molars. Aim The objective of this study were to show etiology, risk factors and frequency of dry socket in everyday clinical practice. Materials and methods This was a crossectional study over four months period.We observed 60 patients.They were split up in two groups.In 30 patients alveo-litis sicca appeared and the others 30 patiens didn`t have signs of alveolitis.The patients were controled first. third and 7 day after thoot extractions.The risk factors and the frequency of dry socket appereance were observed. Results The results show that the frequency of dry socket incresed in female and the use of contraceptives incresed this frequency.Smokers have the risk to dry socket appereance most often than non smokers. Dry socket appears very often af-ter third molars extractions. Conclusion The risk factor for dry socket appereance are: Using of contraceptives, smoking the first days after thoot extraction, habits of the patient the first days after thoot extraction atc. Key words. Dru socket, alveolitis sicca


ORTHODONTICS

9 GRETA JORDANOVA SOFIA-Bulgaria



Author: GRETA JORDANOVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOFIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS

Title: ORTHODONTIC CHANGE IN THE SMILE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE FACE AGING



Aging of the human face is a dynamic process involving the aging of the soft tissues and bone structures. Each person has imbalances and asymmetries that can be seen at smile and they shorten the tissues involved in this process. These are increased by the age. Aim. By applying the orthodontic treatment it is necessary to touch up the countenance that the patient likes or seeks to have. In most cases, this is a charming smile expressing the nature of the individual. Material and methods. We introduce the change in the smile of a few patients aged 30 to 55 years treated by orthodontic way. The length of the upper lip increased significantly with almost 4 mm in older patients. We emphasized on this problem when we chose treatment planning and implementation of appropriate technique. A stability of the absolute bone support was used at these patients by placing a mini-screw in intrusion and retrusion of the front teeth. Result. The changes in the face appearance and the smile are dramatic after the change of the teeth position following orthodontic treatment. In adult orthodontic patients is important to adjust the upper lip line against the teeth and the smile. Conclusion. A physiological extension of the up-per lip and an increasing coverage of the upper front teeth are effects of the change caused by the age and should be included in the planning of orthodontic treatment.


ORTHODONTICS

10PALMIRA ALAGIOZOVA SOFIA-Bulgaria



Author: PALMIRA ALAGIOZOVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOFIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDI-CINE, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS

Title: ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT OF A PATIENT WITH MAXILLARY DEFICIENCY AND UARS



Obstruction syndrome of the upper airways (UARS) was first described in 1982. Some sci-entists believe that this is an independent nosology, but according to others - an early stage in the development of the disease Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). It is characterized by re-spiratory incidents during sleep. Respiratory efforts to overcome the increased resistance in the upper airways leads to recurrent awakenings, sleep fragmentation, daytime hyper-somno-lence. The patients with UARS have characteristic symptoms: insomnia, trouble falling asleep (sleep-onset insomnia), hypotonia and multiple functional and somatic syndromes: chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, temporomandibular joint syndrome, migraine / tension headache syndrome (Lastly, Gold and coll). The present case is a 27 year old man looking for special orthodontic care in the context of disturbances associated with aesthetic arrangement of the teeth and face appearance. After clinical examination and taking a medical history, the patient was referred for further tests, polysomnographic examination and cephalometric. Polisomnogram data - AHI, oxygen saturation and EEG, resulted to a change in surgical-orthodontic treatment plan in a view of preventing future complications of the basic disease UARS / OSA. The orthodontic treatment focuses on the upper jaw, rapid maxillary expansion (RME), medial traction of the upper front teeth (face mask) and fixed appliances to correct the position of teeth in both jaws. The patient was advised to prefer plastic chin surgery to orthognatic surgery-sagittal resection of the mandible.


ORTHODONTICS

14SENIZ KARACAY ISTANBUL-Turkey

Institute: GATA HAYDARPASA TRAINING HOSPITAL


Author: SENIZ KARACAY-GATA HAYDARPASA TRAINING HOSPITAL;ARZU ATAY -GATA HAYDAR-PASA TRAINING HOSPITAL;ERSIN YILDIRIM-GATA HAYDARPASA TRAINING HOSPITAL

Title: ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT OF SEVERE MIDLINE DEVIATION



Aim: To present the treatment of a patient who had congenitally missing right maxillary lat-eral incisor and first premolar teeth associated with severe midline deviation. Case report: A 19-year-old male patient referred to our clinic for treatment. His chief complaint was his unaes-thetic appearance because of misaligned anterior teeth. Intraoral and radiographic examina-tion revealed that his maxillary right lateral incisor and first premolar were congenitally missing. Due to these absent teeth, there was a severe maxillary midline deviation to the right side. It was also observed that left lateral incisor was a macrodont tooth. In the mandibular dentition, distal tipping of the right canine was examined. Additionally, it was completely in the vestibular position because of space deficiency caused by shifting of the mandibular incisors to the right side. The patient had a mild Class II molar relation on both of the sides and left molar was in cross bite. Left maxillary first premolar and two mandibular first premolars were extracted. TPA and lingual bar were used to reinforce the anchorage of posterior teeth. At the end of orthodontic treatment, misalignment of the incisor teeth and midline deviation were corrected and sufficient space was opened for the right lateral incisor. Following debonding procedures, fixed prosthodontic restoration was attached for the rehabilitation of the congenitally missing lateral. Conclusion: Congenitally missing lateral incisors usually cause midline deviation and usually orthodontic treatment and prosthodontic rehabilitation are required to obtain satisfac-tory results.


ORTHODONTICS

18SENİZ KARACAY ISTANBUL-Turkey

Author: ERSIN YILDIRIM-GATA HAYDARPASA TRAINING HOSP.;SENIZ KARACAY-GATA HAYDAR-PASA TRAINING HOSP.;MUSTAFA ERKAN-GATA HAYDARPASA TRAINING HOSP

Title: CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF CLEFT PALATE



Aim: To verify the thickness and level of alveolar bone palate around the teeth adjacent to cleft and to determine the size and shape of the cleft by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Case report: A 16-year-old male patient with operated unilateral total cleft lip and pal-ate was referred to our clinic for orthodontic treatment. Intraoral and panoramic radiographic evaluation revealed that patient’s left maxillary lateral incisor was congenitally missing and at this side canine was impacted. CBCT scans were taken and the cleft was analyzed by using simplant v.13.0 software. Additionally, three-dimensional stereolithographic biomodel of max-illa was constructed by using these scans. Fabrication of the stereolithographic biomodel was carried out by a Spectrum Z 510 3D Printer (Z Corporation, Burlington, MA). On the stereolitho-graphic biomodel, dimension and shape of the cleft was evaluated. Cleft was too expanded and it was also involving the base of the nasal cavity. Alveolar bone plate around the left cen-tral incisor and the impacted canine was very thin so applying an extrusive orthodontic force to the impacted canine was contraindicated. It was decided that bone grafting was inevitable to improve the bone support of the teeth adjacent to the cleft prior to orthodontic treatment. Conclusion: Teeth adjacent to the cleft are usually covered with thin alveolar bone plate. CBCT and stereolithographic biomodel provides an opportunity to evaluate the size and shape of the cleft in three dimensions in a way that is not possible with lateral cephalograms or dental cast models.


ORTHODONTICS

59 MANJOLA GUSHO TIRANE-Albania

Specialty: ORTHODONTIST SPECIALIST

Author: MANJOLA GUSHO *-PRIVATE CLINIC;KLODJAN SHAHU-PRIVATE CLINIC;EGI MULO-PRI-VATE CLINIC;FATIOLA BLACERI-PRIVATE CLINIC

Title: A NEW APPROACH TO TREAT MALOCCLUSION IN ORTHODONTICS: SELF-LIGATING, DAMON SYSTEM



BACKGROUND:SELF-LIGATING BRACES: DESCRIPTION, RECENT DEVELOPMENT AND CLINICAL ADVANTAGES. PRESENTATION OF DAMON SYSTEM MECHANICS, BRACES WITH VARIABLE TORQUE. TO INVESTIGATE CHANGES IN THE ARCH WIDTH DEVELOP-MENT USING DAMON SYSTEM. METHODS AND MATERIALS:PASSIVE SELF-LIGATING BRACES USE A “FRICTION FREE” SYSTEM WHICH MEANS NO ELASTICS OR METAL TIES, THIS MEANS NO SORE OR PAINFUL TEETH AND GUMS. DAMON Q BRACES OPTIONS:TORQUE TYPES, TORQUE ANGULATION. HIGH-TECHNOLOGY WIRE THAT MOVE TEETH FASTER AND REQUIRE FEWER ADJUSTMENTS, DAMON SYSTEM ME-CHANICS: USING VARIABLE TORQUE, DISARTICULATING OF OCCLUSION WITH BITE TURBOS AND BEGINNING LIGHT ELASTICS EARLY IN TREATMENT. RESULTS:DAMON SYSTEM BRACES HAVE A UNIQUE SLIDE MECHANISM THAT REDUCES PRESSURE ON TEETH AND ALLOWS THEM TO MOVE MORE COMFORTABLY TO THEIR CORRECT PO-SITIONS. NO HEADGEAR OR TOOTH EXTRACTION IN MOST CASES. SHORTER TREAT-MENT TIMES. LESS FREQUENT OFFICE VISITS. CLINICALLY SIGNIFICANT CHANGES IN ARCH WIDTH DIMENSIONS WERE OBSERVED IN THE MOLAR AND PREMOLAR AREAS AFTER TREATMENT AND NO SIGNIFICANT CHANGES IN THE CANINE AREA. THIS NEW APPROACH TO ORTHODONTICS ENSURES GREATER COMFORT. CONCLUSIONS: THE DAMON SYSTEM IS CLINICALLY PROVEN TREATMENT THAT ALIGNS TEETH AND EN-HANCES FACIAL AESTHETICS – USUALLY WITHOUT EXTRACTIONS OR RAPID PALATAL EXPANDERS. THEY UTILIZE HIGH TECHNOLOGY WIRES THAT MOVE TEETH FASTER AND SO REQUIRE FEWER ADJUSTMENTS AND FEWER VISITS TO THE ORTHODON-TIST. THE IMPORTANT THING TO REMEMBER IS THAT DAMON BRACES ARE STILL BRACES, SO ANY PRODUCT OR TECHNOLOGY IS ONLY AS GOOD AS THE EXPERT WHO APPLIES IT.


ORTHODONTICS

70ALISA TIRO SARAJEVO-Bosnia and Herzegovina

Institute: SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE UNVERSITY OF SARAJEVO


Author: ALISA TIRO-SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE UNVERSITY OF SARAJEVO, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;ENITA NAKAS-SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE UNVERSITY OF SARAJEVO, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;VILDANA DZEMIDZIC-SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE UN-VERSITY OF SARAJEVO, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;LEJLA REDZEPAGIC-SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE UNVERSITY OF SARAJEVO, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS

Title: PREVALENCE OF PONTICULUS POSTERIOR OF THE ATLAS IN BOSNIAN ORTHODON-TIC PATIENTS



Significant cervical spine pathology can be detected on the routine lateral cephalogram.Pon-ticulus posticus(little posterior bridge),is an anomalous malformed bony bridge between the posterior portion of the superior articular process and the posterolateral portion of the supe-rior margin of the posterior arch of the atlas.Several studies have indicated that, in case of preasents bony bridge of atlas, patients with ponticulus posticus often display symptoms of vertebrobasilar insufficiency such as headache,vertigo and diplopia.Although the orthodontist is not directly concerned with the management of cervical spine anomalies,he does have an obligation,as a healthcare professional,to take any such findings that may hold importance for the patient.The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and morphological features of ponticulus posticus in Bosnian population.Material and methods:Lateral cephalograms from 200 orthodontic patients:95 males and 105 females,were examined.The average age was 12 years-old(range 8–16 years.Each radiograph was carefully inspected for the presence of a ponticulus posticus.Direct visual method of examination was used.To eliminate any error 30 randomly selected lateral cephalograms were re-examined one month after initial examina-tion.There was complete agreement between two examinations.Results:15.0%subject,showed some degree of a ponticulus posticus:6.5%of these were males and 8.5%were females,without sex differences in the occurrence anomaly.The prevalence of ponticulus posticus in European population is between 5.1% and 37.8%.Conclusion:Results of this study shows the simmilar prevalence of ponticulus posticus beetween Bosnian and the other European population.It is important to recognize the morphological feature and prevalence of this anomaly.The cephalo-gram is a useful screening tool for detection ponticulus posticus.


ORTHODONTICS

92ALKETA QAFMOLLA TIRANA-Albania



Author: ALKETA QAFMOLLA-KLINIKA STOMATOLOGJIKE UNIVERSITARE;EGI MULO

Title: THE CORRELATION OF THE SCELETAL ANOMALIES WITH POSTURAL POSITION CER-VICAL AND LATERAL



The maloclussion is a pathology reflecting , not only the anomalies of the oral cavity, but also deformation of the body posture which will influnece esthetic and function. The aim of this study was, to investigate the correlation of the sceletal anomalies with body postural. Material and Method Our study carried out at 200 patients aged 5-16 years old. They have had anomalies at the teeth apparatus jaw-face jointed with the body posture. Our study are include 200 pa-tients as well as controll group. Determine the criteries to the patients with anomalies, as well as to the patients of the controll group. The diagnos is performed based at the clinical and ra-diological examinations. It was a combination of orthodontic-orthopedic treatment. Results We have determine that by 16 pacients with anomalies of second sceletal class, about 63% have had fussion at C2-C3, while 37% shown cordose, with statistical important changes between P= 0.03η. At 9 patients (about 82%) of 11 patients of the III (third) sceletal class with postural anomalies shown kifiose, while 2 (about 18%) patients shown scorliose. By deep biting about 23 patients (or 46%) shown postural anomalies at the C2-C3 position. Conclusions The correla-tion between the bad posture and oral problems are not of the coincidience results, but evident of the real pathological developments, jointed which other by clear intervention mechanisms.


ORTHODONTICS

96SVETLANA NOVAKOVIĆ-CAREVIĆ BELGRADE-Serbia

Institute: HEALTH CENTER \

Specialty: ORTHODONTISTS

Author: SVETLANA NOVAKOVIĆ-CAREVIĆ-HEALTH CENTER ”STARI GRAD” BELGRADE, SERBIA;BOJAN ŠKUFCA -MILITARY MEDICAL ACADEMY, BELGRADE, SERBIA;ZORAN MANDINIĆ -SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE, BELGRADE, SERBIA ;MOMIR CAREVIĆ -SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF BEL-GRADE, BELGRADE, SERBIA

Title: ORTHDONTIC & SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENT WITH



Introduction: The impaction of maxillary permanent canines is delicate problem of its both functional and aesthetic implications. The aim of this study is to present a possibility in over-coming the problem of bilateral impactions of permanent maxillary canines by multidisciplinary approach of combined surgical and orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: Twenty two (22) patients, both sexes, age 11-65, with bilateral retained permanent upper canines were involved in this study. After clinical observation, radiographic (orthopantomographic analysis) and impression bite (gnatometric) examinations, surgical and orthodontic treatment was care-fully planned and performed. After surgical treatment (denudation) and attachment of maxillary permanent canines to fixed orthodontic appliances, retained teeth were slowly pulled down during next 8-24 months (depending on the retained teeth location), and placed in proper posi-tion at upper jaw dentition. In order to remain constantly at the placed position, the teeth were fixed by mobile retainers for additional time period. Results: Combined surgical and orthodontic treatment of the retained teeth was successfully performed in all examined patient except in two cusses, due to the extremely large alpha angle existence. All other patients have regained proper mouth function and faces with happy smile. Conclusion: Combined surgical and orth-odontic treatment of retained maxillary permanent canines seems to be most effective ap-proach in accomplishing satisfactory functional and aesthetic demands, even thou, that it takes little longer treating period, involves high motivation, great effort and constant collaboration of treated patients.


ORTHODONTICS

101SLOBODAN IVIĆ VELIKA PLANA-Serbia

Institute: HEALTH CENTER VELIKA PLANA


Author: SLOBODAN IVIĆ-HEALTH CENTER VELIKA PLANA

Title: THE ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT OF IMPACTED CANINE TEETH-CASE STUDY



BACKGROUND: Tooth germ of upper permanent canines are formed in the fifth month of in-trauterine development in frontal-nasal processes below the lower edge of the orbit. Canines usually erupts between the eleventh and the twelfth year. According to Anderson 0.8 - 2.4% of European population have impacted canines. Reasons can be general and local. Canines af-fect aesthetics, occlusal relationships and they are the most stable teeth in the dental arches. Aim of this paper is to show the successful surgical-orthodontic treatment of the impacted up-per canine. METHOD: The patient was admitted in october 2010. Patient was seventeen at the time of addition. Patient showed no signs of pain, interference except for inadequate shape and color of the impacted canine. The tooth was small, blue-gray, with abraded edge. Clinical examination, orthopantomogram and 3D imaging confirmed the presence of primary tooth in the dental arch, while the permanent canine was positioned high in the maxilla. The patient was submitted to treatment with orthodontic appliance, in order to create more space for the accommodation of permanent canine. The surgical release was followed by the treatment for bringing canine in correct position in dental arch. RESULTS: After 28 weeks of wearing an orthodontic appliance the canine was positioned correctly in dental arch. CONCLUSION: If the extraction of impacted canine is not necessary due to ankylosis, external resorption or multiple dilacerations, than the canine must be positioned in dental arch. The problems caused by im-pacted canines can be successfully solved using orthodontic-surgical treatment.


ORTHODONTICS

104ERSELA ALIKAJ TIRANA-Albania

Institute: ALDENT UNIVERSITY


Author: MSC. ERSELA ALIKAJ-ALDENT UNIVERSITY,DEPARTMENT OF DENTISTRY;PROF. DR. XHINA MULO-FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTEMENT OF DENTISTRY;DR. NINETA FI-NO-ALDENT UNIVERSITY

Title: CONSEGUENCES OF DENTAL TRAUMAS SUFFERED DURING EARLY CHILDHOOD



Introduction: Children are often exposed to dental traumas, especially during the preschool age. Traumatic injury is a bitter experience at the physical level, but it can also result in loss of function, and this may adversely affect the developing of occlusion and aesthetics. These situ-ations can have a negative impact on the lives of these children. They may also have effects on emotional and psychological level. Some of the consequences of early childhood dental trau-ma suffered during the preschool period may be: Dilaceracion of permanent teeth, teeth with germinacion, unformed crown of permanent teeth, atypical crown, hypoplasia of permanent dental enamel, extra teeth, premature loss of deciduous teeth and, as a result of that, delayed or ectopic eruption, or even impaction of permanent teeth. Cases summary: In this work some clinical cases are presented, patients with dental abnormalities as consequences of dental traumas suffered during early childhood, which was referred by the patient during anamnesis. These cases were presented at the department of dentistry at the university and private clinic. Conclusion: The effects of traumas that have affect the dental system during early childhood can result in permanent dental abnormalities and maloklusions. Their treatment is complex, they need orthodontic, therapeutic and aesthetic treatment.


ORTHODONTICS

156MIROSLAVA DINKOVA SOFIA-Bulgaria

Institute: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHO-DONTICS


Author: MIROSLAVA DINKOVA *, DDS-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS

Title: THE USE OF STB TECHNIQUE FOR IMPACTED CANINES TREATMENT. CASE REPORT.



Background: 1-3% of the orthodontic cases include canine impaction which requires the use of interdisciplinary orthodontic - surgical approach. Lingual orthodontics corresponds to the con-temporary requirements for invisible treatment. The aim of this report is to present traction and leveling of an impacted maxillary canine with the use of STb lingual appliance and indirect an-chorage of a mini-implant. Materials and Methods: Female patient, aged 25, with Angle Class II, division 2 malocclusion, deep bite, crowding, persistent 53, impacted 13, 3 mm available space for eruption of 13, medially moved upper right distal teeth. The orthodontic treatment in the upper jaw was carried out with STb lingual appliance. For additional anchorage was used mini-implant 1312-108 Dentos in 15/16 region. Results: After leveling and alignment, the space for 13 was achieved. Next step included extraction of 53, surgical exposure of 13 with apically positioned flap and bonding of a tube for the tooth’s traction. Indirect skeletal anchorage of a palatal positioned mini-implant in 15/16 region was used for distalization of the upper right mo-lars and distal tipping and lingual inclination of 13, until it was aligned. The traction of 13 to the teeth arch was carried out with the use of light orthodontic forces. Orthodontic treatment time was 27 months. Fixed retainer 13/23 was used for retention. Conclusion: STb lingual technique allows aesthetic treatment for traction of impacted teeth. The complete restoration of the teeth arches provides optimal function and aesthetics.


ORTHODONTICS

186ZELJKO MILOSAVLJEVIC BELGRADE-Serbia

Institute: SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY

Specialty: ORTHODONTIC

Author: PREDRAG NIKOLIC-BELGRADE UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, ORTHODONTIC DEPARTMENT;ZELJKO MILOSAVLJEVIC-BELGRADE UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF DEN-TISTRY, ORTHODONTIC DEPARTMENT

Title: APPLIANCES FOR DISTALIZATION OF FIRST UPPER MOLARS



The aim of this study is to present two different appliances for efficient distalization of first upper molar in cases when mesial movement of those teeth close the space for second premolars or canines. First appliance is Leone screw for distalisztion left or wright molar (only one), and the second appliance is IPC for distalization both molars in the same time. We will present 5 cases with 3mm and more lack of space for second premolars or canines due to mesial movement of first molars. They were treated with those appliances for 9 – 12 months. With both appliances first upper molars can be distalized more than 5 mm, which is more than sufficient space for impacted premolars or canines.


ORTHODONTICS

187ZELJKO MILOSAVLJEVIC BELGRADE-Serbia

Institute: SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY


Author: ZELJKO MILOSAVLJEVIC-BELGRADE UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, ORTH-ODONTIC DEPARTMENT;DUSICA TELAROV-PRIVATE PRACTISSE NOVI SAD

Title: STEP SYSTEM AS ALTERNATIVE FOR SELFLIGATED BRACKETS



The aim of this study is to show possibilites of Step system by Leone in non extraction cases of extreme crowding. Step sistem is combination of regular brackets and specialy desined elastic ligatures (slide system) which provide movement of teeth without friction. In this study will be presented three cases of severe crowding successfuly treated with Step system. With some training for positioning slide ligatures, you can provide equaly effective results, as with selfligat-ing brackets, but for less costs for doctor and patient.


ORTHODONTICS

223 YORDAN KRASSIMIROV SOFIA-Bulgaria

Institute: FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE SOFIA

Specialty: STUDENT

Author: YORDAN GALABOV-STUDENT IN FACULTY OF DENTAL DEDICINE SOFIA;KRISTINA SIMEONOVA-STUDENT IN FACULTY OF DENTAL DEDICINE SOFIA;ROXANA TODOROVA-STUDENT IN FACULTY OF DENTAL DEDICINE SOFIA;NORA DAMYANOVA-STUDENT IN FACULTY OF DENTAL DEDICINE SOFIA;PROF.DR. VERA KRUMOVA PH.D.-PROFESSOR IN FACULTY OF DENTAL DEDICINE SOFIA

Title: EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDY ON ORTHODONTIC STATUS OF STUDENTS FROM THE FAC-ULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE- SOFIA



Occlusal interrelations have very important role for establishment of a stable occlusion. The loss of permanent teeth in young age may lead to transition in the dental arches, respectively in deformation of their harmonic interrelation. According to the epidemic study, we found that apart of the excerpt about the status of the dentition of dental students, motivated to maintain their oral health, malocclusions and loss of teeth may be observed. They are related mainly with insufficient prophylaxis at different stages during the formation of the dentition. The related problems appear because of omission of regular preventive examinations during school age, and untimely planned treatment approaches.


ORTHODONTICS

228NEKI SADIKU STRUGA-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Author: NEKI SADIKU-PRIVATE PRACTICE - STRUGA;JASMIN FIDOSKI-MFS OWI CLINIC - BARCELONA;MARIJA MANEVA-ORTHODONTIC DEPARTMENT (UNIVERSITY CLINIC - SKOPJE);JOSE DURAN VON ARX-UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA

Title: A NEW APPROACH IN THE ORTHODONTICS USING THE MFS CLASSIFICATION CRITE-RIA



Here we want to present a new modality in treatment of malocclusions with Clear Click brack-ets (customized/individualized brackets prescription.Its an non-symetric case with anterior and posterior crossbite, with concave profile, brachicephal and laterogenia. Panoramic X-ray re-vealed permanent dentition with absence of mandibular third molars. Cephalometric analyses confirmed presence of skeletal Class III with normoposition of maxilla and prognatism of the lower jaw; retruded maxillary incisors and normal inclination of mandbular ones.After the place-ment of the fixed appliances in both jaws according to MFS classification criteria, we used a “build up\


ORTHODONTICS

239VLADANKA VUKICEVIC LEPOSAVIC-Serbia

Author: VLADANKA VUKICEVIC-MEDICAL FACULTY, CLINIC OF STOMATOLOGY, KOSOVSKA MITROVICA;AMILA VUJACIC-MEDICAL FACULTY, CLINIC OF STOMATOLOGY, KOSOVS-KA MITROVICA;JASNA PAVLOVIC-MEDICAL FACULTY, CLINIC OF STOMATOLOGY, KOSOVSKA MITROVICA

Title: ASSESSMENT OF THE HEAD POSTURE IN DIFFERENT HEAD TYPES



Several published studies show a relationship between head posture and head types. The purpose of this study was to investigate the head posture in different head types. The sam-ple comprised 90 subjects ( 41 female, 49 male), age 13-16 years. For each patients lateral cephalometric radiograf was made at standard conditions of recording. Postural variables ( cranicervical angle NS/OPT and the cervical lordosis angle CVT/EVT) were analysed on the recordings. Head types were determined as Brachicephal, Mesocephal and Dolichocephal , according to the cranial index. Upon the completion of the analysis, the data were statistically analysed. The most interesting findings were: the Dolichocephals showed a significantly higher extension of the head upon the spinal column, compared to Brachicephals and Mesocephals; the Brachicephals showed higher cervical lordosis angle than the Dolichocephals and Meso-cephals.


ORTHODONTICS

258JASMINKA ANDJELIC TIVAT-Montenegro

Institute: UNIVERSITY OF MONTENEGRO, FACULTY OF MEDICINE PODGORICA, STUDY PRO-GRAM OF DENTISTRY


Author: JASMINKA ANDJELIC-UNIVERSITY OF MONTENEGRO, FACULTY OF MEDICINE POD-GORICA, STUDY PROGRAM OF DENTISTRY

Title: ORTHODONTIC-PROSTHETIC TREATMENT OF AN ADULT PATIENT WITH CHEILOGNA-TOPALATOSCHISIS



The incidence of primary and secondary cleft palate has been reported to range from 1:750 to 1:1000. This congenital anomaly also frequently occurs in a number of orofacial syndromes. The complete dental treatment of these patients is individual-specific and very complex pro-cess. For esthetic motivation when a patient becomes aware of his physical appearance, af-ter the surgical and early orthodontic treatment was completed, orthodontic treatment is per-formed The aim of this paper is to present the results of orthodontic treatment of a female patient with unilateral cleft lip and palate, which was followed by prosthetic treatment. Materials and Methods: A female patients aged 25 years with unilateral cleft lip and palate and dental and skeletal Class III due to maxillary hypoplasia. In addition the patient had bilateral crossbite and hypodontia of upper left lateral incisor. Abnormal shape of upper jaw as well as narrow upper dental arch was also present. Orthodontic treatment was performed by fixed orthodon-tic technique of normal dental arch. Teeth alignment was performed by the use of protraction arches resulting in sagittal and transverse expansion of the maxilla. After completion of the orthodontic treatment fixed prosthetic treatment was performed in order to maintain the stability of orthodontic treatment and provide satisfactory functional and aesthetic effects. Conclusion: The combined orthodontic-prosthetic treatment had satisfactory functional and aesthetic result contributing not only to oral but also psychological and social rehabilitation of the patient.


ORTHODONTICS

259ERHAN OZDILER ANKARA-Turkey

Institute: ANKARA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS


Author: ERHAN OZDILER-ANKARA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;OZLEM SANCAK-PRIVATE PRACTICE, ANKARA;EZGI HALATLI-BIOLO-GIST, ANKARA ;AYSE TUBA ALTUG-ANKARA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DE-PARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS;HAKKI TASTAN-GAZI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF SCI-ENCE, DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY

Title: DETERMINATION OF MSX1 MUTATION IN NON-SYNDROMIC CLEFT LIP AND PALATE



Determination of MSX1 Mutation in Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip and Palate INTRODUCTION: Nonsyndromic cleft lip-palate is caused by certain genes interacting with environmental fac-tors. Previous studies observed that especially the mutations of MSX1-gene play a role in hu-man clefting. Our aim is to investigate if there is a specific pathogenic mutation of the MSX1 variants in Turkish nonsyndromic cleft population. SUBJECTS and METHOD: We studies 70 individuals with any type of nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate; and 89 non-cleft siblings as controls. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood and a total of four variant sites of MSX1-gene were identified: MSX1-G267C, MSX1-2F, MSX1-SNP4 and MSX1-SNP5. RE-SULTS: Heterozygous and/or homozygous character of the gene sites had been proven to be a risk factor for the occurrence of cleft lip and palate. For MSX1-G267C and MSX1-2F; 4 and 3 were heterozygous respectively. Controls were normal. For MSX1-SNP4, 44 individuals had heterozygous, 26 had homozygous character while 1 patient was normal. Even 9 individuals had heterozygocity in the control group. A similar case was recorded for the MSX1-SNP5 site (54-heterozygous, 17-normal cleft individuals). Nine-subjects of the control group had hetero-zygous basis. CONCLUSION: MSX1-SNP4 and MSX1-SNP5 mutations are pathogenic for the occurrence of cleft lip-palate in Turkish-population. Parents who have those mutations should be protected for additional environmental risk factors.


ORTHODONTICS

274FERIJA SALI SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: PHO UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER ST.PANTELEJMON-SKOPJE

Author: ILIJANA MURATOVSKA-PHO UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER ST.PANTELEJMON-SKOPJE;ARIAN DACI-PHO UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER ST.PANTELEJMON-SKOPJE;SOFIJA CARCEVA-SALJA -PHO UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER ST.PANTELEJMON-SKOPJE;SLAVICA NAJDENOSKA-MEDICAL CENTER - KRUSEVO;MAJA PETRUSEVSKA-PHO UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER ST.PANTELEJMON-SKO-PJE

Title: BRINGING IMPAKTED SECONDARY MANDIBULAR PREMOLARS IN OCCLUSION



INTRODUCTION Most permanent teeth erupt into occlusion.In some individuals however ,the permanent tooth may fail to erupt and become impacted within the alveolus. AIM We are go-ing to present the case with nonerupted mandibular second premolars.We made a decision and solution tu perform a surgical-orthodontic treatment in this case. MATERIAL and MATHOD The pacient at the age of 14 come in our clinic.After clinical examination it was confirmed-presence of permanent dentition ,early extraction of mandibular first molars and hypodontia of second mandibular premolars.With orthopantomographic x-ray we confirmed impaction on the second mandibular premolars-mezially inclined and ligually rotated.With surgical treatment, corticortomy of impacted teeth was performed,as well as preparation for furthen treatment with orthodontic fixed appliance REZULT By applying fixed appliance,the impacted premolars were pulled out and included in the dental arch for a period of one year.The treatment was successful,the impacted teeth were placed in the dental arch and we got satisfying occlusion. CONCLUSION The dental system is not only an esthetic segment but also one functional dy-namics.Pulling and placing the impacted teeth in the dental arch is a purpose of every ortho-dontist while planning the orthodontic therapy.Because the goal of modern orthodontics will be creation of the best balance among occlusal relationship,dental and facial esthetics,stability of the result and long term maintainens.


ORTHODONTICS

279KSENIJA ZELIC BELGRADE-Serbia

Institute: LABORATORY FOR ANTHROPOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY, SCHOOL OF MEDI-CINE, UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE

Author: KSENIJA ZELIC-LABORATORY FOR ANTHROPOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE;NENAD NEDELJKOVIC-CLINIC FOR ORTHODONTICS, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE

Title: SIZE OF THE LOWER THIRD MOLAR SPACE IN RELATION TO THE AGE



Introduction: Surgical extraction of impacted lower third molar is one of the most usually per-formed oral–surgical procedures. Insufficient lower jaw development will primarily affect the eruption space of wisdom teeth, as they are the last ones to erupt into the oral cavity. It was considered that the growth of the lower retromolar space should not be expected after the age of 16 after this age, and the decision of extracting the third molar should not be delayed after this moment. The aim of this study was to establish the frequency of the insufficient lower third molar eruption space in Serbian population, to question the differences in this frequency among subjects of different age and to determine the influence of the retromolar space size on third molar eruption. Methods: Digital orthopantomograms were taken from 93 patients divided in early adult (16-18 years of age) and adult (18-30) patients. Retromolar space, mesiodistal third molar crown width and eruption levels were measured. Results: Space/third molar width ratio in early adult subjects was smaller (p<0.0001) and insufficient space was significantly more frequent (p=0.0003) than in adults. Considerably more third molars had erupted in case of enough space in every age group (p<0.0001). Conclusions: The retromolar space/third mo-lar width ratio is more favorable in adult subjects. This result speaks in favor of the retromolar space growth even after 16 year of age and that the decision about the lower third molar out-come should be reconsidered after two years.


ORTHODONTICS

286 BILJANA DZIPUNOVA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia



Author: BILJANA DZIPUNOVA-DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;NATASHA TOSESKA SPASOVA-DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS, FACUL-TY OF DENTISTRY;VERA RADOJKOVA NIKOLOVSKA-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL PATOLOGY AND PERIODONTOLOGY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;LIDIJA KANURKOVA-DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;SIMJANOVSKA LJUBA-DEPARTMENT OF ORAL SURGERY,FACULTY OF DENTISTRY

Title: MANDIBULAR MORPHOLOGY IN PATIENTS WITH DISTOOCCLUSION



“Skeletal Class II” is a term with limited diagnostic value, because dental, skeletal and soft tissue interaction leads to discrepance which can’t only be described with one term. Distoocclusion is composed of differently expressed symptoms that seems a challenge and an opportunity for new trials that would define the morphological features and variations would be guidance in the selection of successful therapeutic method. The aim of this study is analyse and compare the mandibular morphology in patients with distoocclusion with bimaxillary anteposition and bimax-illary retroposition. To accomplish the above stated goal, .. subjects, aged 14 to 19, with Class II Division 1 malocclusion have been examined, and than compared with control group from 40 subjects with normal occlusion. A profile telerendgen film was taken of each patient and the following parameters were analysed: angles SNA, SNB, ANB, SNPg, 41/MPl, SN/MPl, gonial angle and Go-Pg. The results showed the following: mandibular length in girls is decreased with different significance, and in boys the increase is significant in first subgroup. The gonial angle is significantly increased in boys with bimaxillary retrognation. Mandibular incisor is pro-truded in both groups. Angle SN/MPl with significance of p<0,05is increased in all patients with retroposition. Often there are necessity for suptile individual norms and accommodations, be-cause the facial structures are in regions with different embrional origin and different potention for growth and changes. Individual analyses are necessary for achieve esthetic and functional balans, neuromuscular equilibrium and results stability.


ORTHODONTICS

287LIDIJA KANURKOVA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: FACULTY OF DENTISTRY AT UKIM,PHO UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER ST. PANTELEJMON-SKOPJE

Specialty: DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ORTHODONTIST

Author: KANURKOVA LIDIJA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY AT UKIM,PHO UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER ST. PANTELEJMON-SKOPJE;TOSESKA NATASA -FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY AT UKIM, PHO UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER ST. PANTELEJMON-SKOPJE;DZIPUNOVA BILJANA -FACULTY OF DENTISTRY AT UKIM,PHO UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER ST. PANTELEJMON-SKOPJE;GJORGOVA JULIJANA-RE-TIRED PROFESSOR;DORAKOVSKA ALEKSANDRA -PRIVATE DENTAL PRACTICE

Title: CLINICAL APPLICATION OF THE SELF-LEGATING BRACKET AND TREATMENT EFFI-CIENCY



The goals of orthodontic treatment are optimal facial and dental aesthetics, functional occlu-sion, dental and periodontal stability. Fixed orthodontics appliance has generally been used in orthodontic treatment for alignment and leveling of maxillary and mandible teeth, and improved and improved relationship between maxillary and mandibular dental arch. The application of any orthodontic force on the dentition causes friction between the arch wire and the bracket. Friction is a variable of many factors: bracket and wire material, the size of brackets and wires, the type of ligatures, and also biologigical influences such as saliva or dental plaque. Self-legating brackets solve mechanical problems; extremely low friction means fast treatment progress because the arch wire is free to float within the bracket slot. Brackets and tubes help in achieving final treatment goals by providing optimal torque, angulations and intra and inter-tooth position. The system allows the control of torque and angulation of maxillary ante-rior teeth early in the treatment without engaging large dimension wires with ideal biolological forces. In this study we present patient with class III malocclusion with crowding in maxillary and mandibular dental arch. This case showed dental movement effects with self-legating fixed orthodontics appliance in the 16 years old female. A new clinically proven treatment approach that aligns teeth and enhances facial aesthetics usually without extractions or rapid palatal expanders Benefit from this treatment is reduced chair time, shorter treatment time, treatment efficiency, more comfortable for the patient, hygienic and faster treatment progress.


ORTHODONTICS

292VESNA ANDREEVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: PHO DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER SV. PANTELEJMON, CLINIC FOR ORTHODONTICS


Author: VESNA ANDREEVSKA-PHO DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER SV. PANTELEJMON, CLINIC FOR ORTHODONTICS, ;GORDANA KOVACEVSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, PHO DEN-TAL CLINICAL CENTER SV. PANTELEJMON, CLINIC FOR PROSTHODONTICS;NINA KO-VACHEVSKI-PHO IMPACTA DENTAL;VANCHO SPIROV-PHO DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER SV. PANTELEJMON, CLINIC FOR ORAL SURGERY;MAJA RADEVA-PHO DENTAL CLINI-CAL CENTER SV. PANTELEJMON, CLINIC FOR ORTHODONTICS, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA

Title: MANDIBULAR INCISOR EXTRACTION TREATMENT OUTCOME AND INFLUENCE ON DENTOFACIAL STRUCTURES-CASE REPORT



Abstract Background: A reduction in the number of teeth affects facial harmony and in orth-odontic treatment it is desirable to predict the changes that will occur, in order to obtain optimum aesthetics. Treatment by extraction of one single mandibular incisor is not standard approach in orthodontics and must be adjusted to individual patient needs.The aim of our case report was to present the treatment outcome and changes in dentofacial structures after extraction of one single lower incisor. Methods and materials: Patient A.C. 38 year-old female came in our clinic in 2012. We established presence of Class I relationship in both sides and Class III tendency at the left canines, anterior cross bite, moderately crowded lower incisors, an existing Bolton discrepancy, tooth-size-arch-length discrepancy of 5mm in the anterior mandibular re-gion, no crowding in the upper arch, hipodontia of 22 tooth, impacted 13 tooth and acceptable soft-tissue profile. For achieving good results, therapy plan consists of orthodontic fixed appli-ances with lower right incisor extraction. Results: Our results show that the upper and lower arch length deficiencies and the tooth-size discrepancy , overjet and overbite were managed successfully. The anterior cross bite was eliminated. The periodontal tissues remained healthy. During treatment radiographs showed minimal root resorption and satisfactory root parallel-ism. Conclusion: It may be concluded that orthodontic treatment involving mandibular incisor extraction can be effectively used in resolution of crowding in carefully selected cases and can produce improved aesthetics for patients.


ORTHODONTICS

332 HRISTINA ARNAOUTSKA VARNA-Bulgaria

Institute: MU,FDM,DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETICS AND ORTHODONTICS


Author: HRISTINA ARNAOUTSKA*-MU,FDM,DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETICS AND ORTHODONTICS;IVAN BACHVAROV-MU,FDM,DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETICS AND ORTHODONTICS

Title: TWO INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES TO THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH HY-PODONTIA



TWO INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES TO THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH HY-PODONTIA (Clinical cases) H. Arnautska, I. Bachvarov Hypodontia is the absence of teeth, excluding the third molar. The severity of this condition varies and it usually requires adjunc-tive orthodontic treatment. Aim of this study is to present two interdisciplinary treatment plans facilitating the restorative and surgical treatment. Case 1: A 15-year old male with skeletal and dental class I malocclusion and hypodontia (12, 22) Method: levelling and alignment of the teeth in the upper arch, opening space for 12 by distalization of tooth 13 and keeping tooth 62, retention phase and further implant restoration of missing lateral incisors. Case 2: A 23-year old female with skeletal class I malocclusion and hypodontia (22). Medial position of tooth 23 and space between teeth 23 and 24. Method: levelling and alignment of upper and lower arches, opening space for upper left lateral incisor by ditalizing tooth 23, occlusion manage-ment and implant restoration of missing lateral incisor. Patients were given different options to achieve functional and aesthetic dentition. In Case 1, implants restoration was postponed for financial reasons. Results: In Case 1 the retention phase included prosthodontic treatment with a Maryland-type bridge. In Case 2, after the required space was opened in the maxillary arch, the missing incisor was replaced with an implant. Conclusion: Early diagnosis, comprehensive treatment and efficient coordination are crucial to avoid further problems, e.g. malocclusion, periodontal damage, inhibited alveolar growth and, occasionally, speech difficulties.


ORTHODONTICS

346IGOR KIROVSKI SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: PZU DR IGOR KIROVSKI


Author: IGOR KIROVSKI*-PZU DR IGOR KIROVSKI;TATJANA KIORVSKA -PZU DR TATJANA KIROVSKA

Title: THE GOLDEN PROPORTION IN DENTISTRY AND FACIAL AESTHETICS



The aim of this presentation is to explain and turn attention to the options of practical use and interpretation of the so-cold Golden proportion in dentistry and facial aesthetics. The concept of the golden proportion is briefly explained, as well as a short overview of its practical use in various fields of human activities, as stated by several original authors. Schematic examples of faces are presented to illustrate cases where the golden proportion fits to the predominant aesthetic criteria, but there are also cases where the golden proportion fails to fit. Critical opin-ion to these illustrations is given. Conclusion is drown that, though it may act as a very handy tool for fast aesthetic evaluation, procenka, the golden proportion should not be perceived in any dogmatic way.


ORTHODONTICS

352NATASA TOSESKA-SPASOVA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS


Author: NATASA TOSESKA-SPASOVA*-UNIVERSITY \;BILJANA DZIPUNOVA-UNIVERSITY \;LIDIJA KANURKOVA-UNIVERSITY \;JULIJANA GJORGOVA-UNIVERSITY \;ZORAN SPASOV-PRI-VATE PRACTICE, S&S, SKOPJE,

Title: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SKELETAL GROWTH PATTERN AND LOWER INCISOR CROWDING - FACTOR ANALYSIS



Aim: to evaluate the correlation between incisor mandibular crowding and incisor position within the pattern and overall craniofacial morphology. Methods and materials: Mandibular dental casts and lateral cephalometric radiographs of 100 children, aged 9-12 years. Man-dibular dental casts were used for evaluation of the degree of mandibular incisor crowding as a discrepancy between mesiodistal tooth widths and the available space in the dental arch. On all cephalograms 16 parameters of vertical craniofacial configuration and 9 parameters of lower incisor position were measured. Aritmetic mean values, standard deviations, and ranges were computed for all data. Further, correlation coefficients were calculated between anterior crowding and all 25 cephalometric parameters. Since the basic problem is whether data that were truly meaningful were used in this investigation and what grouping of variables made bio-logic sense in their relationship to one another and the lower incisor crowding, a more detailed analysis in the form of a factor analysis was performed. Results: All vertical skeletal and lower incisor position measurements coincided closely with accepted norms in the literature. No cor-relations was found between lower incisor crowding and either skeletal morphology or lower in-cisor position. A factor analysis did demonstrate that other selected variables were interrelated within each factor but not between the factors. Conclusion: A factor analysis allowed division of the data into four major factors: vertical skeletal morphology, lower incisor position in relation to genial morphology, position and morphology of the mandibular ramus and mandibular position in relation to cranial base structure.


ORTHODONTICS

353MARIJA MANEVA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTER, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS


Author: MARIJA MANEVA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, UDCC\;IVAN MANEV-PHO.\;LJUBO JOLEVS-KI-PHO.\;GABRIELA CURCIEVA-CUCKOVA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, UDCC

Title: TREATMENT OF SEVERE OPEN BITE-CASE REPORT



Here we want to present a 14 year girl who came to our Department for orthodontic treatment. She wasn’t treated previously with any type of orthodontic appliances. Extra oral examination revealed concave profile, increased lower facial height, incompetence of lips, slightly asym-metrical to the left side. Intraoral we establish presence of bimaxillary crowding, negative over jet, bilateral open bite till the first molars, removed first mandibular right molar. We made x-ray examination: OPG and lateral cephalogram, studio casts analysis. They showed presence of skeletal Class III with open bite with normoposition of maxilla and prognatism of the lower jaw. Fixed appliance was placed first in the upper jaw and after the extraction of mandibular left second premolar and placement of lingual arch for stabilization of the position of molars; the lower fixed appliance was placed, too. During the treatment we used intraoral elastics Class III and tracings for correction of the frontal open bite. As we achieved good functional, oclusal and esthetic results, after year and a half the fixed appliances were removed and we used mobile retainers to maintain and stabilize the occlusion.


ORTHODONTICS

366LJILJANA STOJANOVIC Belgrade-Serbia

Institute: CLINIC OF ORTHODONTIC, UNIVERSITY OF DENTISTRY BELGRADE


Author: LJILJANA STOJANOVIC-CLINIC OF ORTHODONTIST, UNIVERSITY OF DENTISTRY BELGRADE;SLOBODAN IVIC-PRIVATE PRACTICE;TAMARA SINOBAD-PRIVATE PRAC-TICE

Title: THE INTERDISCIPLINARY TEAM IN THE MANAGEMENT OF HYPODONTIA



This paper illustrates the multidisciplinary management of hypodontia in 3 cases, 2 males 21yrs, 35 yrs and female 19yrs, all with missing of lateral upper incisors. Hypodontia is more frequent in the primary dentition, most cases have a polygenetic inheritance pattern and de-pend on a combination of numerous genetic and environmental factors. The second mandibu-lar premolar is the most frequently missing perma¬nent tooth (40% to 50%), hypodontia affect-ing the maxillary lateral incisor is next in terms of frequency (25%), fol¬lowed by the maxillary second premolar (20%) and the mandibular central incisor (6.5%). What is very difficult in treatment planning for hypodontia patients is deciding what is simple and what is complex and there are essentially four treatment options: a) to accept the situation with no intervention, and provide maintenance; b) to close the space orthodontically or by elective extraction of primary teeth; c) to maintain the space and restore it by either dentures, bridges, tooth transplantation or implants; d) or to redistribute the space in order to facilitate prosthetic replacement of the ab-sent teeth. The following 3 cases will illustrate an interdisciplinary team in the management of hypodontia who were old enough on completion of treatment to have an implant retained pros-theses. However, the root angulation of the upper incisors and upper canines were orthodonti-cally managed to enable implant replacement of the upper lateral incisors. Overall, the final results for these patients were very satisfactory


ORTHODONTICS

405ODETA SHEHU TIRANA-Albania



Author: ODETA SHEHU-PRIVATE DENTAL OFFICE ALBANIA; ARLIND MYFTARI -MOTHER THE-RESA HOSPITAL CENTER , DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLO-FACIAL SURGERY, TIRANA ALBANIA;. KLODIAN SHEHU-PRIVATE DENTAL OFFICE ALBANIA

Title: ORTHOPAEDIC TREATMENT OF OSAHS ADULT PATIENTS WITH LAMBERG APPLIANCE



Background. OSAHS (Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome) is the most common sleep apnea due to an obstruction in the upper airways of the respiratory tract Aim.The aim of this study is to show how Lamberg appliance worked on relieving OSAHS symptoms in adult patiens Methods. Several adult OSAHS patients, aged between 35-50 years old, have been examined in our dental office during our study. Obesity was present in all of them. They re-ferred snoring, memory loss, fatigue, headaches and also that they were sleepy during the day. They referred that they did all check ups and nothing was wrong. So their doctors suggested further examination to the orthodontist for the TMJ which could cause the headache. Results. OSAHS adult patients present several general signs like fatigue, snoring, lack of concentra-tion, weight gain during years and weight loss during their childhood, etc...After the diagnosis we began treating them with Lamberg appliance, which helped them sleeping better during the night, because of the wider pharyngeal space. After several weeks of treatment they referred that the symptoms were relieved. Conclusion. Many adult people suffer from OSAHS, because during their sleep the pharyngeal space narrows because of the body mass. This leads to a very poor sleep, which causes all of the disfunctions of the day. Lamberg Appliance is a very usefull treatment to suggest to your OSAHS patients, because it really does help relieving the symptoms.


ORTHODONTICS

427ZEHRA ILERI

KONYA-TURKEY

Institute: FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS, KONYA, TURKEY

Author: ZEHRA ILERI*, SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF OR-THODONTICS, KONYA, TURKEY; MEHMET AKIN, SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS, KONYA, TURKEY; FARUK AYHAN BAS-CIFTCI, SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODON-TICS, KONYA, TURKEY; SIDDIK MALKOC, INONU UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTIST-RY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS, MALATYA, TURKEY; SABRI ILHAN RAMOGLU, BEZMIALEM UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODON-TICS, ISTANBUL, TURKEY

Title: COMPARISON OF SKELETAL, DENTOALVEOLAR AND SOFT-TISSUE CHANGES AFTER LOWER INCISOR EXTRACTION AND NON-EXTRACTION TREATMENTS


Area of view: Orthodontics Background: To evaluate and compare skeletal, dentoalveolar and soft-tissue changes related to lower incisor extraction and non-extraction treatments.Methods and materials: The sample consisted of 46 subjects with Class I malocclusion and moderate crowding. The sample was separated into two groups. The first group comprised 15 girls and 8 boys (mean age=18.65±3.44 years) treated with the extraction of a lower incisor group (group IE). The second group comprised 16 girls and 7 boys (mean age =15.15±2.44 years) who received non-extraction treatment (group NE). Mean treatment time was 1.60±0.90 and 1.30±0.40 years for group IE and group NE, respectively. Pre-treatment (T0) and post-treatment (T1) cephalograms were used to evaluate skeletal, dentoalveolar, and especially soft tissue changes. The groups were compared using Mann Whitney U test, and treatment differences were evaluated with Wilcoxon analysis. Results: Upper incisor inclinations accord-ing to sella-nasion, palatal, and nasion-A planes were significantly increased in both groups (P<0.05). Statistically significant treatment changes were found for the measurements related to upper lip, pronasale, mandibular soft tissue, and lower face height in group IE (P<0.001) and for mandibular incisor inclination angle, interincisor angle, and upper lip thichness in group NE (P<0.05). There were significant differences between groups in the measurements related to upper lip, pronasale, lower lip, and soft tissue pogonion. Conclusion: Greater advancements of soft-tissue pogonion, lower lip, and upper lip were observed with lower incisor extraction treat-ment. Upper incisors were protruded in both groups. Therefore in border line cases, soft-tissue profile should be considered in decision of extraction.


ORTHODONTICS

428CVETANKA BAJRAKTAROVA MISHEVSKA


Institute: FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS.CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY -SKOPJE

Author: BAJRAKTAROVA MISHEVSKA, CVETANKA, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS.CYRIL AND METHO-DIUS” UNIVERSITY -SKOPJE, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA; BAJRAKTAROVA VALJAKOVA, EMILIJA, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS.CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY -SKOPJE, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA

Title: CRANIOFACIAL STRUCTURE AND SOFT TISSUE PROFILE IN PATIENTS WITH INCREAS-ING SEVERITY OF HYPODONTIA


Area of view: Orthodontics The aims of this study were to examine the dentofacial features of a group of patients with hypodontia, and to determine relationships between the skeletal and soft tissue profile and the severity of hypodontia. The study group comprised 50 patients with congenitally missing teeth, mean age 12.1 years (range 9-16 years), and 30 children without tooth agenesis and with normal occlusion, mean age 12.3 years (range 9-16 years), selected as the control group. The hypodontia patients were divided into three subgroups according to the severity of hy-podontia: mild (1-2), moderate (3-6), and severe (³7 congenitally missing permanent teeth). All subjects ware evaluated cephalometrically.The most of analyzed measurements were smaller in the tooth agenesis groups compared with the control group. As the severity of hypodontia increased from moderate to severe, a tendency to develop a retrognathic maxilla and a Class III skeletal relationship was noted in addition to the above features. The ANB angle decreased as the number of missing teeth increased. Increasing numbers of missing teeth resulted also in a decrease in the length of maxilla and a reduction in the anterior lower facial height. The upper incisors displayed greater anterior inclination, while a significant retroinclination of lower incisors and retrusion of lips were observed with increasing severity of hypodontia. It was concluded that the typical dentofacial structure in persons with severe hypodontia may be due to dental and functional compensation. Congenital absence of teeth leads to aesthetic and functional disturbances and must be taken into consideration in orthodontic treatment planning.



32 NADEZHDA MITOVA SOFIA-Bulgaria


Specialty: PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

Author: LILIYA DOICHINOVA-FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE;MILENA PENEVA-FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE;NADEZHDA MITOVA-FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE

Title: ASSESSMENT OF THE SKILLS WHEN CONDUCTING ORAL HYGIENE IN CHILDREN AGED 6 TO 12 YEARS



Assessment of the skills when conducting oral hygiene in children aged 6 to 12 years L.Doichinova, M.Peneva, N.Mitova Introduction Oral hygiene is the gold standard for main-taining good oral health. It is an essential element of health education programs for school-children. Objective: The study aims to assess the skills when conducting oral hygiene of a group of schoolchildren and to conduct training in its rules. Material and Methods: The study covers 30 children aged 6-12 years. Their tooth-brushing skills were assessed by applying the visual Simmons index. The training was conducted by the methods of the visual pedagogy and implementation of the technique “Say, show, do”. The assessment of the oral-hygiene status was held by the simplified oral hygiene index-Greene & Vermillion. Results and conclusions: Children have no developed proper oral hygiene skills, and brush only the vestibular surfaces of the teeth (80%), 13.3% the vestibular and the occlusal, and 6.7% only cover lingual surfaces too. The results obtained are indicative that once applied picture system and methodology of training in the rules of oral hygiene, the number of cleaned surfaces increases for each child involved in the study.



33PETAR BAKURDJIEV SOFIA-Bulgaria



Author: LILIYA DOICHINOVA-FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE;MILENA PENEVA-FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE;PETAR BAKURDJIEV-FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE;NADEZHADA MITOVA-FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE

Title: ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRAINING METHODS OF ORAL HYGIENE L.DOICHINOVA, M.PENEVA, P.BAKURDJIEV, N.MITOVA



Assessment of the effectiveness of training methods of oral hygiene L.Doichinova, M.Peneva, P.Bakurdjiev, N.Mitova Summary Oral health is connected to the knowledge, motivation and level of oral hygiene of each individual. The strict conduct of oral-hygiene care is essential to maintaining good dental health. Objective: The study aims to implement three methods for oral hygiene training and to assess their effectiveness. Material and Methods: The study cov-ers 60 children aged 4-12 years. The children were divided into three groups depending on the method of training. Method I – audiovisual: projection of motivational slides and cartoons; Method II – a child as a model; Method III – personal instructions. The assessment of the oral-hygiene status was held by the simplified oral hygiene index-Greene & Vermillion. The rezults were compere whit group of children , which were using for control. Results and conclusions: By the end of the study the children that received personal instructions were the ones with best oral hygiene. The improvement of oral hygiene seen in the other two test groups, shows that these methods must be implemented along with individual training, instructions and motivation in children.



41VALBONA DISHA TIRANE-Albania


Author: VALBONA DISHA-PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, ALBANIAN UNIVERSITY;PAVLI KONGO-RECTOR, ENDODONTIC DEPARTMENT, ALBANIAN UNIVERSITY;ELIZANA PETRELA-FACULTY OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF TIRANA, SERVICE OF STATISTICS

Title: CLINICAL EVALUATION OF MTA IN DIRECT PULP CAPPING TO IMMATURE PERMANENT TEETH



Backgroung.Pulp exposure in immature permanent teeth to children is a common occurrence because of caries process expansion. The aim of this study is clinical and radiological evalu-ation of MTA (mineral trioxide aggregate) in direct pulp capping in immature permanent teeth at one appointment. Material and methods: This study includes 12 permanent molars with re-versible pulpitis which are treated for direct pulp capping with MTA. Clinical follow-up was done by vitality tests 24 hours after final restoration and was repeated in every other appointment corresponding radiological follow-up after 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 years. Results: During follow-up, all cases showed no spontaneous pain during clinical examination by pulp test, the teeth showed signs of vitality, root formation and closure of apex. Success of treatment was 100% for the average period of 17 months. In conclusion, all cases resulted successfully, based to clinical and radiological data. Conclusion: Direct pulp capping with MTA leading to successful treat-ment of immature permanent teeth, when the pulp is exposed because of caries and when the diagnose is correct.



53 SANJA NASHKOVA STIP-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Author: SANJA NASHKOVA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY STIP;S. ILJOVSKA -FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY SKOPJE - CLINIC FOR PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY;M. PAVLEVS-KA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE - CLINIC FOR PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY;M. JANKULOVSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE - CLINIC FOR PEDI-ATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY;F. VENINOV-PRIVATE PRACTICE - NIKOLA PAV-LOVSKI

Title: RURAL-URBAN IMPACT ON DENTAL HEALTH OF SCHOOL CHILDREN



Rural-urban Impact on Dental Health of School Children Naskova S., Iljovska S,, Pavlevska M., Jankulovska M., Veninov F. Prompted by the findings on the prevalence of dental caries and oral health we set ourselves a goal to provide data for the assessment of dental health among 12 year olds from Strumica and Skopje. Dental health assessment is made according to the usual index parameters that indicate the presence of dental caries and these were: KEP, Kip, Kio. The results indicate that the statistical differences of the values of EPC between Skopje and Strumica urban areas have no significance (r> 0.20) while between rural areas there is a high statistical significance (r<0.001). The average KiP is highest among six year old respon-dents from the urban location of Strumica (10.58), then from rural area of Skopje (9.07, then it decreased in urban Skopje area (8.34), and it was lowest in the rural location n Strumica (7.81). the average KEP is highest among 12 year old respondents from the rural environment in Sko-pje (6,37), followed by the urban environment in Skopje (5,66 ), and decreases in the urban environment in Strumica (5,07), showing lowest values in the rural environment in Strumica (4,97). Key words: Caries, KEP, Kip, Kio, prevention, protocols.



54SANJA NASHKOVA STIP-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Author: SANJA NASHKOVA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY STIP;S. ILJOVSKA-FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY SKOPJE - CLINIC FOR PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY;M. PAVLEVS-KA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE - CLINIC FOR PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY;N. DENKOVA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY STIP;T. VENINOV -PRIVATE PRAC-TICE - NIKOLA PAVLOVSKI

Title: DENTAL AND ORAL HEALTH OF 12 YEAR OLD CHILDREN FROM RURAL-URBAN AREAS IN STIP



Dental and oral health of 12 year old children from rural-urban areas in Stip NASKOVA S1*,Iljovska2 S.,Pavlevska M2,Denkova N1.,Veninov T.3 Faculty of Dentistry Stip Faculty of Dentistry Skopje -Clinic for Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry Private practice -Nikola Pavlov-ski Indivisible part of the body\’s oral cavity and all that happens in it has multifunctional sig-nificance and a specific role. The purpose of the paper is to determine oral and dental health of students at the age of 12 from urban and rural areas in Stip area Oral and dental health were followed through registration of oral hygiene index(OHI-oral hygiene index,registration of gingival inflammation index(IGI) and the structure of KEP. The results of our study indicate that there are significant differences in type and diet and maintenance of oral hygiene among respondents from urban and rural areas. The results of differences of values of OHI index and gingival index indicate statistically significant differences (r<0.010). The values in the structure of KEP suggest that the total KEP differences between the two studied groups are statistically significant differences (r<0.010). They obtained the results and values of filled cavities and teeth, and the differences were statistically significant values (r<0.010), while for the extracted teeth there were no statistical differences between the two studied groups (r<0.020). The data from this study will help us obtain a real picture of the predicted caries frequency territory which would serve as the starting point from which to begin and prepare the strategy for implementing systematic prevention and rehabilitation.



55SANJA NASHKOVA STIP-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Author: SANJA NASHKOVA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY STIP;S. ILJOVSKA-FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY SKOPJE - CLINIC FOR PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY;M. JANKULO-VSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE - CLINIC FOR PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY;M. PAVLEVSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE - CLINIC FOR PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY;J. ALIMANI-JAKUPI-PRIVATE PRACTICE - PREVENTIVA DENTAL

Title: HABITS FOR MAINTENANCE OF ORAL HYGIENE AT SCHOOL CHILDREN



Habits for maintenance of oral hygiene at school children Naskova S.1, Iljovska S.2, Janku-lovska M.2, PavlevskaM.2, Alimani-Jakupi J. Faculty of Dentistry Stip1 Faculty of Dentistry Skopje-Clinic for Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry2, Private practice - Preventiva dental1 SUMMARY The findings concerning the end of the twentieth century and the early twenty-first century suggest that dental science and engineering keep on going forward in every field. However, despite the above mentioned, the problem of diseases of teeth and mouth has not yet been resolved. The test involved 435 students aged 12-15 of both sexes from Stip and the surrounding villages who filled out the questionnaires and in whom the following indexes were noticed: Habits for maintenance of oral hygiene: How often you wash your teeth (never, less frequently, once a day, after every meal); - I started to brush my teeth (I do not remember, when I was 4 years old, when I was 5 years old, when I started going to school, I do not wash them); To maintain the hygiene of the mouth and teeth (using tooth brushes, tooth paste, brushes and paste, rinsing solutions, nothing) Oral health was followed through the registration of oral hygiene index (OHI - oral hygiene index), registration of gingival inflammation index (IGI). The OHI results of our study indicate that there are significant differences in maintenance of oral hygiene among respondents from urban and rural areas. The results of differences of values of the OHI index and gingival index indicate statistically significant differences (r<0.010).



60ANDRIJANA CVETKOVIĆ BELGRADE-Serbia

Institute: FACULTY OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF PRIŠTINA WITH IT\’S MAIN OFFICE IN KOSOVS-KA MITROVICA


Author: ANDRIJANA CVETKOVIĆ *-FACULTY OF MEDICINE KOSOVSKA MITROVICA;ANKICA MITIĆ-FACULTY OF MEDICINE KOSOVSKA MITROVICA;TATJANA MITIĆ-DENTAL PRAC-TICE TIA DENTICO;IVANA STOŠOVIĆ KALEZIĆ-FACULTY OF MEDICINE KOSOVSKA MI-TROVICA

Title: DENTAL TRAUMA ASSOCIATED WITH ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS AMONG CHILDREN AGED 8 TO 10 YEARS



BACKGROUND: The aetiology of traumatic dental injuries is variable or multiple. This study purpose was to determine the frequency of the upper permanent incisors trauma and associ-ated etiological factors in a sample of 144 patients with dental trauma, aged 8 to 10 years. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was based on clinical and radiological data children with dental trauma. The following information were collected from each patient’s files: age at time of injury, gender, permanent tooth type, type of dental injury, cause of injury, month when the dental injuries occurred. Dental injuries type was classified, according to the system de-scribed by Andreasen. RESULTS: The highest frequency of dental trauma was in 8 year old children (39.58%) followed by 10 year old children (31.25%) and 9 year old children (29.17%). From a total of 176 traumatically injured teeth, the maxillary arch (97.15%) was more frequently involved than the mandibular arch. The most frequent type of injury was a simple crown frac-ture of the maxillary central incisors. The distribution of patients by gender showed that males were more often affected dental trauma (62,50%). When the etiology of dental trauma was analyzed, 68.31% were caused by falls, and most often during the sport activities and acci-dents at school and at home. CONCLUSION: Because of the underlying complexity of a dental injuries, etiological factors must be included in the registration of traumatic dental injuries.



63ZORAN MANDINIC BELGRADE-Serbia

Institute: CLINIC FOR PAEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE UNI-VERSITY OF BELGRADE

Specialty: PREVENTIVE AND PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

Author: ZORAN MANDINIC-CLINIC FOR PAEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE;ZORAN R.VULICEVIC-CLINIC FOR PAEDIATRIC AND PRE-VENTIVE DENTISTRY SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE;MILOS BELOI-CA-CLINIC FOR PAEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE UNI-VERSITY OF BELGRADE;JELENA MANDIC-CLINIC FOR PAEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE;MOMIR CAREVIC-CLINIC FOR PAEDI-ATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE

Title: THE EFFICACY OF A DENTIFRICE CONTAINING ARGININE AND SODIUM FLUORIDE VARNISH IN REDUCING DENTIN HYPERSENSITIVITY



Background: Dentine hypesensitivity is characterised by short, sharp pain induced by ther-mal, osmotic or chemical and mechanical stimuli, which can’t be ascribed to any other form of dental pathology. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the possibility of reducing dentine hypersensitivity in cervical area of teeth, after the use of two desensitizing products. Methods and Materials: A total of 60 dental students were divided into two different groups with Duraphat® and Sensitive Pro-Relief®. Tactile, air blast and ethyl chloride stimuli were applied. The sensitivity was quantified in four stages. Sensitive surfaces were treated by agent at first clinical examination, after 7 and 21 days. Data about presence and number of sensitive teeth, including hypersensitivity level were recorded in special examination charts, before and after treatment. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in efficacy between these two products. The effect of tested products is most obvious in case of hypersensitivity reduc-tion to tactile stimuli. Duraphat® reduces hypersensitivity immediately after the first use, and maintains the same level throughout the study. Sensitive Pro-Relief® reduce hypersensitivity to air blast, after the second treatment, while results in case of tooth sensitivity to ethyl chlo-ride shows statistically significant improvement (p <0,05). Conclusion: Both these products are equally effective in reducing dentine hypersensitivity. To achieve more reliable results, it is necessary to include a larger sample size and to follow-up sensitivity level for a longer period of time. Supported by grant of Ministry of Education and Science, Republic of Serbia No. 46009.



71FREIDERIKI-PARASKEVI VLACHOU THESSALONIKI-Greece


Author: FREIDERIKI-PARASKEVI VLACHOU*-ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI;ANNA MIGDI-ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI;ANASTASIA DERMATA-ARISTOT-LE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI;ARISTIDIS ARHAKIS-ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI

Title: SPLINTING OF TRAUMATIZED TEETH AFTER LUXATION AND AVULSION



SPLINTING OF TRAUMATIZED TEETH AFTER LUXATION AND AVULSION BACKGROUND: Traumatic injuries can result in loosening of teeth either by disruption of the periodontal liga-ment or by causing a root fracture. There are three different types of injury which require splinting: luxation, avulsion, and horizontal root fracture. The main aim of dental splinting after traumatic injuries is to support the damaged dental tissues, allowing optimal healing to occur. PURPOSE: This presentation will focus on splinting of traumatized teeth after luxation and avulsion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The rationale for the splinting of luxation and avul-sion will be discussed and each of the more widely recognized techniques will be described, together with information about the indications for and the advantages and disadvantages of each approach followed by cases reports. RESULTS: Dental splinting after traumatic injuries, allows optimal healing to occur. The type and duration of splinting therapy depends upon the exact nature of the dental injuries and the type of healing desired. CONCLUSIONS: Appropri-ate splinting of traumatically loosened teeth allows them to be held in a stable position, which may assist healing, minimizes the risk of complications developing, avoids further disruption of the periodontal tissues, and improves patient comfort and confidence.



72ANNA MIGDI THESSALONIKI-Greece


Author: ANNA MIGDI*-ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI;ANASTASIA DERMATA-AR-ISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI;FREIDERIKI-PARASKEVI VLACHOU-ARISTO-TLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI;ARISTIDIS ARHAKIS-ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI

Title: REATTACHMENT OF PERMANENT TOOTH FRAGMENT TRAPPED WITHIN LOWER LIP, FOLLOWING COMPLICATED CROWN FRACTURE. CASE REPORT.



REATTACHMENT OF PERMANENT TOOTH FRAGMENT TRAPPED WITHIN LOWER LIP, FOLLOWING COMPLICATED CROWN FRACTURE. CASE REPORT. BACKGROUND: Com-plicated crown fractures involving the enamel, dentine and the pulp, comprise 8% of traumatic injuries to the permanent dentition. The major concern after pulpal exposures in immature teeth is the preservation of pulpal vitality in order to allow continued root growth. PURPOSE: The purpose of this case report is to describe and analyze the management of a complicated crown fracture of a maxillary right central incisor of an 8.5 year old boy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a case of an 8.5 year old boy suffered complicated crown fracture on his maxillary right central incisor and injuries on his lower lip; the maxillary incisor penetrated the vermilion of the lower lip and the intact fragment of the injured tooth was trapped within the lower lip. The tooth fragment, foreign bodies and pieces of debris were surgically removed from the lower lip, which was then sutured. The exposed pulp was treated following the Cvek tech-nique, and the intact tooth fragment was reattached on the remained fractured tooth in the oral cavity. RESULTS: The exposed pulp was treated, and the intact tooth fragment was reattached on the remained fractured tooth. CONCLUSIONS: Partial pulpotomy using Cvek technique is often the treatment of choice after pulpal exposures in immature teeth. Reattachment of the coronal fragment to the remaining tooth structure may offer a conservative, esthetic and cost-effective restorative option.



83NINA TONEVA SOFIA-Bulgaria


Specialty: PEDIATRIC DENTAL MEDICINE

Author: NINA TONEVA-FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE SOFIA DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTAL MEDICINE ;MILENA PENEVA-FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE SOFIA DEPART-MENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTAL MEDICINE;-;-;-

Title: ERUPTION OF THE TEMPORARY TEETH - INFLUENCE OF THE MOTHER AND CHILD\’S NUTRITION



Eruption of the temporary teeth – influence of the mother and child’s nutrition N. Toneva*, M. Peneva Background: The eruption of temporary teeth depends on genetically-decoded mecha-nisms. The mother organism may influences on the eruption of temporary teeth, which is higher with central incisors. The first temporary tooth erupts around 6 months after birth. During this period some individual factors may directly influence the child. The most powerful factor in this moment is the nutrition quality. In this survey we study influence of the mother and the nature of nutrition of the nursling on the terms of eruption of the first temporary incisor. Methods and materials: 328 children between 0 and 3 years were examined in consultations, nurseries and kinder gardens in Sofia. The data for size, measure and general physical development were taken from the health records of the children with the authorization of the pediatricians. The examined children are split into three groups according to their physical parameters on the birth. Results and conclusions: 87,2 % from the newborns have normal physical development. The earliest eruption is with the artificially-fed children, followed by these with mixed nutrition and naturally-fed. The average age of the eruption of the first temporary incisor is made about at sixth month and does not differ from the established terms. The different parameters of the newborns, do not influence the eruption of the first incisor.



93ETLEVA QELI TIRANA-Albania



Author: DORJAN HYSI-FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE;CELJANA TOTI-FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE;INA DROBONIKU-PRIVATE CLINIC

Title: TWO YEAR CLINICAL PERFORMANCE OF COMPOMER AND AMALGAM RESTORATIONS IN PRIMARY MOLARS



Resin-based composite , polyacid-modified resin-based composites (compomers),glass iono-mer cements are becoming the material of choice for the restoration of primary teeth, because of increasing esthetic demands. These materials are prefered not only for the restoration of anterior primary teeth but also for cavities in posterior primary teeth substituting amalgam which has been used for decades. The aim of this study was to evaluate the two-year clinical performance of compomer and amalgam restorations in primary molars. Material and Method 52 restorations of amalgam (Ana 2000) and 44 restorations of F 2000 were placed in cavities in primary molars by two trained and calibrated dentists in 45 young patients aged 4-9 years old . Each young patient received one to three restorations. The restorations were placed in Class I and II Cavities. Restorations were evaluated at baseline and 2 year after placement, using modified US Public Health Service criteria. Result Significant difference regarding mar-ginal adaption and marginal discoloration was found at two-year recall between amalgam and compomer restorations p<0,05 No significant difference regarding secondary caries, reten-tion, anatomic form was found between amalgam and compomer restorations. Conclusion The clinical results show that both compomers and amalgam restorations have satisfactory clinical performance at two year period in classI and II cavities.Compomer is a suitable restorative material in primary molars cavities.



94MARIANA DIMITROVA PLOVDIV-Bulgaria

Author: M. DIMITROVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, PLOVDIV,BULGARIA, FACULTY OF DENTAAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;S.PETROVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSI-TY, PLOVDIV, BULGARIA , FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;M. GEORGIEVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, PLOVDIV, BULGARIA , FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;J. TARPOMANOV-MEDI-CAL UNIVERSITY, PLOVDIV, BULGARIA , FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

Title: ORAL-HYGIENE STATUS IN 5-6, 12 AND 18- YEAR-OLD CHILDREN FROM BULGARIA – EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY



Introduction: Oral – hygiene status has very important meaning in determining the risk for dental caries and periodontal diseases. The aim of this study is to establish oral – hygiene status in children from three age groups from 10 Bulgarian regions, by using information from vast epidemiological surveys for establishment of oral diseases distribution among Bulgarian children. Material and methods: The research is carried out in ten regions in Bulgaria. Expert group of dentists make inspection of teeth on 7200 children at the age of 5-6,12 and 18 years old , using simplified oral – hygiene status(OHI-S) to establish oral – hygiene status. The den-tists enter the data on special statistical sheets in correspondence to requirements of WHO. Statistical data processing is made with assistance of variation analysis. Results and discus-sion: Our analysis shows that average of Plaque Index (PLI) increases with growing up of the age to 12 years old children. After that, the average of PLI decrease in 18 years old children, but not reach the level of PLI at 5-6 years old children. The average of PLI in the children from the investigated urbanized and not urbanized regions varies from 0,64 to 1,98. Conclusion: Our analysis shows neglected oral hygiene in all of three groups of children in this study. There is need to improve health education of children about the role of oral hygiene in prophylaxis of oral diseases. Key words: oral-hygiene status, epidemiological study



95VESELINA KONDEVA PLOVDIV-Bulgaria

Author: VESELINA KONDEVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY,PLOVDIV,BULGARIA,FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;SEVDA RIMALOVSKA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY,PLOVDIV,BULGARIA,FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;ALEXANDRA ICHEVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY,PLOVDIV,BULGARIA,FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;-;-

Title: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF PERIODONTAL STATUS OF 18-YEAR OLD STUDENTS FROM BULGARIA



Introduction Periodontal diseases are one of the two major oral diseases, and an important medico-social problem, connected to the risk of tooth loss and poor quality of life. Aim To investigate the periodontal status of 18-year old students from Bulgaria. Material and meth-ods Objects of the study are 2400 18-year old students in groups of 120 students from urban and non-urban areas from ten districts in Bulgaria. Signs of investigation are residence and periodontal status of students, according to CPITN criteria. Prevalence of students with six healthy sextants and with six affected sextants is calculated. Results Prevalence of students with six healthy sextants in urban and non-urban areas for each district is different, as statisti-cally significant differences are found in V.Tarnovo and Haskovo /u= 2.44; u=2.20; p>0,001/. Statistically significant differences in referred students with six affected sextants are found only in V.Tarnovo /u=1.98, p>0.05/. Prevalence of the students with no periodontal treatment need in different districts varies from 55% to 30%. Statistically significant differences in scores are found in district of Smolyan as compared to others. Results of the investigation show highest prevalence score of the students with six affected sextants in Smolyan /33.75%/. Conclusion There are great variations in scores of the investigated criteria in different districts, which re-quires differentiated approach in determining the preventive care. Key words: CPITN, peri-odontal health, epidemiology



97VESELINA KONDEVA PLOVDIV-Bulgaria

Author: VANIA VELEGANOVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY,PLOVDIV,BULGARIA,FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;VESELINA KONDEVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY,PLOVDIV,BULGARIA,FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;JORDANKA URUMOVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY,PLOVDIV,BULGARIA,FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY

Title: SALIVARY GLUCOSE CONCENTRATIONS IN CHILDREN WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1



Introduction Alteration in salivary parameters may increase the caries risk in diabetic children. Aim The aim of this study is to compare salivary glucose concentration between healthy and type 1 diabetes children. Materials and methods Salivary glucose concentrations are deter-mined in 42 children with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 42 non-diabetic healthy patients. Gly-cosolated haemoglobin is also determined in some of the patients with diabetes mellitus. Dia-betics are categorized into well controlled (HbA1C<8%) and poorly controlled (HbA1C>8%) groups. Samples of stimulated saliva are collected into plastic vials and frozen (-20° C). En-zyme colorimetric method is used to determine the glucose concentration in saliva. Software package Instat GraphPad, v. 2 is used for statistical data processing. Results The survey data show that the average concentration in saliva of children with diabetes mellitus type 1.16 mg/dl, and the children of control group these values are 0.99 mg/dl. When comparing the aver-age concentration of glucose in saliva in both groups is not found statistically significant differ-ences (u=0.81, P<0.05). Mean glucose concentrations in saliva of children with poor metabolic control are 1.63 mg/dl and children with good metabolic control are 0.87 mg/dl. Sets the sta-tistical significance of differences depending on the level of glycosylated hemoglobin (u=1.62, P>0.05). Conclusion Metabolic control influences salivary glucose concentrations of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Key words: diabetes, children, saliva



98SEVDA RIMALOVSKA PLOVDIV-Bulgaria

Author: SEVDA RIMALOVSKA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY,PLOVDIV, BULGARIA, FACULTY OF DEN-TAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;IVAN GLAVINKOV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, PLOVDIV,BULGARIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PARODONTOLOGY;HRISTO KUZMANOV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, PLOVDIV, BULGARIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL SURGERY;UGUR INAL-MED-ICAL UNIVERSITY, PLOVDIV, BULGARIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, GRADUATE STUDENT

Title: INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH IN CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH AM-ELOGENESIS IMPERFECTA HEREDITARIA



Introduction Amelogenesis imperfecta hereditaria (AI) is a rare, genetically inherited disease, characterized by quantitative and qualitative changes in the structure of the enamel. The major clinical problems in AI are increased sensitivity, loss of occlusal height, dysfunction, impaired aesthetics. The therapeutic approach to various types of AI depends from the specific type of AI and clinical characteristics of the affected enamel. Aim To present the need for an interdisciplin-ary approach to the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with Amelogenesis imperfecta heredi-taria. Materials and methods 16-year old girl from Plovdiv visited the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, complaining of impaired aesthetics and teeth sensitivity. After a detailed medical his-tory and clinical examination was placed primary diagnosis Amelogenesis imperfecta heredi-taria- hipomineralisation type. An individual treatment plan was made, including periodontal, surgical and direct restorative treatment. Conclusion Amelogenesis imperfecta hereditaria is a serious emotional and health problem. Treatment plan for patients with AI comply with age, social status, type and severity of deviations. A multidisciplinary approach is needed to diag-nose, assess and restore aesthetics and function in these patients. Keywords: amelogenesis imperfecta hereditaria, treatment, interdisciplinary approach



102SVETLA PETROVA PLOVDIV-Bulgaria

Author: PETROVA, S-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY - PLOVDIV, BULGARIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDI-CINE, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, ;KUKLEVA, M-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY - PLOVDIV, BULGARIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, ;DIMITROVA, M-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY - PLOVDIV, BULGARIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, ;MITEVA, TS-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY - PLOVDIV, BULGARIA, FACULTY OF COMUNITY HEALTH,DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH

Title: STUDY OF DISEASES IN CHILDREN UNDER 3 YEARS AS RISK FACTORS FOR MOLAR INCISOR HYPOMINERALISATION



INTRODUCTION There is still no consensus on the causes for the occurrence of Molar – inci-sive hypomineralisation(MIH). Prenatal factors, perinatal factors, diseases of the child during the first years of life are considered as possible causes that can interact and increase the risk for its occurrence. AIM To investigate the influence of diseases of the children during the first 3 years after birth and the associated intake of antibiotics as possible risk factors for MIH oc-currence in children from Plovdiv. MATERIALS AND METHODS The objects of the study are 48 children with MIH and 48 healthy children from 7 to 14 years of age from Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The information is obtained through direct survey of the mothers. Data is processed statisti-cally with SPSS,17. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The analysis of the results reveals that the presence of diseases / severe viral infections, inflammation of the upper air passages, otitis/ during the first, second and third years after birth are definitely risk factors for MIH occurrence in children from the town of Plovdiv. Statistical significance is present. CONCLUSION: The dis-eases of the child during the first 3 years after birth and the associated intake of antibiotics are risk factors in MIH occurrence in children from Plovdiv. Key words: MIH, risk factors



103ANI BELCHEVA PLOVDIV-Bulgaria

Author: ANI BELCHEVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, PLOVDIV, BULGARIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MED-ICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;VANIA VELEGANOVA-MEDICAL UNI-VERSITY, PLOVDIV, BULGARIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PE-DIATRIC DENTISTRY;TANIA NIHTIANOVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, PLOVDIV, BULGARIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;STANIMIRA MILEVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, PLOVDIV, BULGARIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

Title: CARIES –FREE CHILDREN AMONG 5-6, 12 AND 18-YEAR-OLD. A NATIONAL EPIDEMIO-LOGICAL SURVEY IN BULGARIA



Introduction: Dental caries is a common and significant disease among children. The aim is to study the caries experience of 5-6, 12 and 18-year-old children from 10 regions in Bulgaria and to evaluate how the percentage of caries-free children is related to demographic distribution. Material and methods: A sample of 7200 children from three age groups – 5-6, 12 and 18- year-old was randomly selected according to the WHO guidelines for epidemiological survey. The children were 360 from rural and 360 from urban regions from 10 districts in Bulgaria. The car-ies was assessed according to the WHO criteria and related to the demographic data collected concerning age, gender, countries and urban/rural areas. Statistical data were processed by using an alternative analysis. Results: Our survey shows that the indices for dental caries vary considerably between the different districts. The percentages of children that have no obvious caries are respectively 44,33%, 30,83% and 24,18% for the examined age groups. Conclu-sions: The examined indices vary significantly in the different districts which claim the need for differentiation in determining the resources for prevention. The percentage of caries-free chil-dren and the examined caries indices considerably differs from the WHO global goals for oral health in all age groups. Key words: caries-free, children, epidemiological survey



115BOJANA CETENOVIC BELGRADE-Serbia

Institute: DEPARTMENT OF PAEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTIST-RY, UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE, BELGRADE, SERBIA

Author: BOJANA CETENOVIC-DEPARTMENT OF PAEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE, BELGRADE, SERBIA;DEJAN MARKOVIC-DEPARTMENT OF PAEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE, BELGRADE, SERBIA;VUKOMAN JOKANOVIC-VINCA INSTITUTE FOR NUCLEAR SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE, BELGRADE, SERBIA

Title: MTA APICAL PLUGS IN THE TREATMENT OF TRAUMATIZED IMMATURE TEEHT WITH LAGRE PERIAPICAL LESIONS



Background: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been presented as a very promising mate-rial for different endodontics applications. The aim of this paper was to describe a successful treatment of two traumatized immature teeth with large periapical lesions using MTA apical plugs for apexification. Methods and materials: A 10-year-old boy was referred to the Clinic with chief complaint of pain in his right lateral maxillary incisor, which has experienced trauma two years earlier. For the same reason a 13-year-old girl was admitted to the Clinic after the trauma she had experienced in the area of the right first mandibular premolar a few years ago. Both retroalveolar radiographs showed incomplete root development with wide open apices and large periapical lesions. The canals were gently debrided using K-files in conjunction with 1 % NaOCl irrigation and 10 % solution of citric acid for final flush. Calcium-hydroxide dressing was placed into the root canals. After four weeks, the canals were obturated with MTA which was placed in the apical part of the root canals with a minimum 4-mm thickness. The rest of the root canals were filled with gutta-percha and sealer, and the teeth were restaurated by composite resin. Results: One year after the treatment, the teeth were asymptomatic. Periapical area re-vealed radiographic evidence of complete bone healing and periodontal regeneration. Conclu-sion: MTA apical plugs can present a successful treatment option when it comes to traumatized immature teeth with large periapical lesions.



123EBRU HAZAR BODRUMLU SAMSUN-Turkey

Institute: ONDOKUZ MAYIS UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY


Author: EBRU HAZAR BODRUMLU-ONDOKUZ MAYIS UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DE-PARTMENT OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;AYSUN AVSAR-ONDOKUZ MAYIS UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

Title: NON-SURGICAL TREATMENT OF LARGE PERIAPICAL LESION USING CALCIUM OXIDE: A CASE REPORT



NON-SURGICAL TREATMENT OF LARGE PERIAPICAL LESION USING CALCIUM OXIDE: A CASE REPORT Ebru Hazar Bodrumlu*, Aysun Avşar Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Samsun-Turkey This case report presents non-surgical treatment of an extensive periapical lesion due to traumatized mandibulary incisors. Clinical examination revealed with uncomplicated crown fracture only on mandibulary left later-al incisor. Although intraoral swelling was not observed, a large periapical lesion was seen ra-diographically with both mandibulary left central and lateral incisors. The root canals were pre-pared and filled with calcium oxide as an intra-canal medicament which periodically reviewed for 3 months and it was also used as an permanent root-canal filling material. Significant bone formation was seen at the periapical region after 2 years of follow-up. This case report showed that root canal treatment succeed in the healing of large periapical lesions with calcium oxide agent used for root canal medicament as well as permanent obturation material.



125TANIA NIHTIANOVA PLOVDIV-Bulgaria

Author: NIHTIANOVA T.-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF PLOVDIV, BULGARIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY;BELCHEVA A.-MEDICAL UNIVER-SITY OF PLOVDIV, BULGARIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PE-DIATRIC DENTISTRY;KUKLEVA M-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF PLOVDIV, BULGARIA, FAC-ULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

Title: PREVALENCE OF DENTAL EROSION IN 11-13-YEAR-OLD BULGARIAN SCHOOLCHIL-DREN



INTRODUCTION: Dental erosion is increasingly recognized as a common condition in paediat-ric dentistry. Erosion is defined as irreversible loss of dental hard tissue as a result of the action of exogenous or endogenous acids of nonbacterial origin. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and severity of dental erosion among 11-13-year-old schoolchil-dren in Plovdiv, Bulgaria. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Random samples of 490 children aged 11-13 years were examined. It was estimated the depth and area of erosive involvement of the labial and palatal surfaces of the permanent maxillary incisors and the occlusal surfaces of the first permanent molars. Surfaces were scored according to criterion described by the National Survey of Child Dental Health in the United Kingdom. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The prevalence of dental erosion observed in the group of children was 31.84%. Incisors were more commonly affected than molars, where the predominant affected surface was the labial compared with the palatal. In the majority of cases (96.16%) erosive loss of dental hard tissue was low in severity involving only the enamel. In 3.84% of cases erosion affects also the den-tin. CONCLUSION: Erosive tooth wear is a relatively common condition in permanent teeth, but it`s severity is low. It is necessary to study the risk factors for early diagnosis and effective prevention of the condition in childhood. Keywords: Dental erosion, Prevalence



126ENIDA PETRO TIRANA-Albania



Author: ENIDA PETRO-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;ERGYSEJDA HOXHA-PRIVATE CLINIC;DANIELA KUME-PRIVATE CLINIC;MANOLA KELMENDI-UNIVERSITARY DENTAL CLINIC;DIANA BROVINA-UNIVERSITY ALDENT

Title: BREASTFEEDING AND EARLY CHILDHOOD CARIES



Background: Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is used to replace the terms baby-bottle tooth decay and nursing caries.Breastfeeding at night and on demand after eruption of teeth may contribute to the development of ECC. The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between breastfeeding and ECC in children 3-5 years in Tirana, Albania.Methods and Materi-als: From a total of 230 children, 3-5 years, examined for ECC, only 97 children was breastfed. In the first group (Group A) there was 53 children that were breastfed up to 12 months. In the second group (Group B) there was 19 children that were breastfed after 12 months, but few times a day and in the third group (Group C) there was 25 children that were breastfed after 12 months with frequent times day and night. Means, standart deviations and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for dmft of each group. Descriptive statistics and appropriate stu-dent t-test was used to analyze the data.The conventional p-value was chosen as the level of significance.Results: The mean dmft of Group A was higher in comparison with mean dmft of Group B, but the difference was not statisticly significant, while the mean dmft of Group C was significantly higher in comparison with mean dmft of Groups A and B.Conclusion: The study found a moderate correlation between prolonged breastfeeding and ECC, but when it used to feed, to stop the infant from crying at night, or falling asleep with the breast nipple in the mouth especially after 12 months it was associated with ECC.



138ASLI EVREN DELILBASI ISTANBUL-Turkey

Institute: YENI YUZYIL UNIVERSITY


Author: ASLI EVREN DELILBASI-YENI YUZYIL UNIVERSITY;KAAN ORHAN-ANKARA UNIVERSI-TY;-;-;-

Title: SUPERNUMERARY TEETH IN BOTH PRIMARY AND PERMANENT DENTITION



SUPERNUMERARY TEETH in both PRIMARY and PERMANENT DENTITION Background: Multiple supernumerary teeth not associated with syndromes are rare. The most accepted the-ory suggests that supernumerary teeth result from localized and independent hyperactivity of the dental lamina. The purpose of this poster is to present a case having supernumerary teeth in both primary and permanent dentition. Case Report: A supernumerary primary lateral was detected in a five-year-old boy who was referred to our clinic. In the oral examination also an-kyloglossia was observed. During anamnesis it was reported that there was no family history of hyperdontia, any syndrome or systemic disease. Clinical examination revealed that the patient was in the primary dentition phase. In the panoramic radiography a supernumerary premolar located distally to the maxillary right permanent canine was detected. Taking a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and extraction of the first erupting premolar is planned. Conclu-sion: Although supernumerary teeth may occur either unassociated to any other anomaly or as a part of developmental disorders, multiple supernumerary teeth are rare in individuals with no other associated syndromes.



146DENIZ HALILOV PLOVDIV-Bulgaria

Author: DENIZ HALILOV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY- PLOVDIV,FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE,STUDENT;RADKA CHOLAKOVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY- PLOVDIV,FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL SURGERY;SVETLA PETROVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY- PLOVDIV,FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

Title: CALCIFYING EPITHELIAL ODONTOGENIC TUMOR (PINDBORG TUMOR) IN CHILDHOOD – CASE REPORT



Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) is a benign odontogenic tumor of epithelial origin first described by the Danish pathologist Pindborg in 1956. It is 0,6-1,7% from all odon-togenic tumors. According to most authors, this tumor can be found between the 3rd and 6th decade equally in both genders and it is locally agressive and slowly growing. Intraosseous CEOT tumor can be found twise as much in the pre-molar and molar part of the mandible. Authors presents a case of a 13 year old child with CEOT where it is observed impacted tooth of the upper lateral incisor. In this case we presented the clinic, the diagnostic and the medical treatment of the patient. Key words: Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor in the childhood, impacted teeth, tumor`s localization



166KATERINA FOTEVA SHTIP-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Author: KATERINA FOTEVA*-P.Z.U.PENICILIN MEDIKAL;MAJSTORCEVA MARINA-;PAVLEVSKA MERI-;POPOVSKA MIRJANA-;GEORGIEVSKA ELIZABETA-

Title: DENTAL INJURIES TO SCHOOL CHILDREN



Dental injuries to school children Foteva Katerina,Majstorceva M2Pavlevska M3,Popovska M3,Georgievska E.3 Private practice-P.Z.U.Penicilin Medikal Faculty of Medical Skopje Fac-ulty of Dentistry Skopje The purpose of our study is to ascertain the frequency of dental injuries depending on sex and age; to determine the teeth that are the most exposed to traumatic inju-ries; to determine the type and the frequency of dental injuries. In this study were involved 597 children randomly selected (342 males and 255 females in the age between 6 to 18 years). For successful realization of our purpose they were divided into three groups: children between 6 to10 years, 11 to 14 years and 15 to 18 years. The correlation between dental injuries in males and females shows that boys experienced significantly more dental injuries than girls (p<001). In every age group was detected statistically significant difference between dental injuries to males and females(r<0.001) except between children of nine,twelve and thirteen years where there were not found such significant difference(r>0.05); As a conclusion we can say that the maintenance of the integrity and healthy dental structures and healthy periodontium during the life is ambition of every child, adolescent and their parents. KEY WORDS: cause, time, age for dental injuries



179EMIRE ÇITAKU PRISHTINA-Serbia

Institute: MAGIC DENT, PRISHTINA


Author: EMIRE ÇITAKU-MAGIC DENT, PRISHTINA;EKREM ÇITAKU-MAGIC DENT, PRISHTINA;MINIRE ÇITAKU-QKUK;BURAK SHABANI-SKOPJE;SHKURTE ÇITAKU-QMF

Title: RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF SEVERE BIMAXILLARY CROWDING



Aim: The aim of this presentation is to describe results of treatment of severe bimaxillary crowding in teenage patient. Materials and Methods: A 12 years old male patient was referred to our clinic because his teeth were overlapping and this was causing to him aesthetic and functional problems. Extra oral examination: concave profile, asymmetric face. Intraoral ex-amination: Class I malocclusion, primary bimaxillar crowding, ectopic canines, locked bite of upper lateral incisors. Treatment: First phase of therapy we deed the extractions of the teeth. Second phase we applied active mobile appliances. Third phase we continued treatment with fixed appliances. Final phase we applied appliances for retention. Results: The duration of the orthodontic treatment was 18 months. We achieved following results: over jet 2 mm, overbite 2 mm, the correction of locked bite and asymmetric face, correction of the rotation and inclination of the teeth. The teeth were aligned in arches in correct manner and we achieved optimal rela-tionship between the teeth. We followed the patient for six months and there was no relapse. Conclusions: Crowding teeth is one of the most common orthodontic problems in children and in adults. Careful diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan gives optimal aesthetic and func-tional results.



181JELENA MILANOVIC BUJANOVAC-Serbia

Institute: HEALTH CENTAR BUJANOVAC


Author: JELENA MILANOVIC-HEALTH CENTAR BUJANOVAC;ZORAN MANDINIC-CLINIC FOR PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, BELGRADE UNIVERSITY;PREDRAG NIKOLIC-CLINIC FOR OR-THODOTICS, BELGRADE UNIVERSITY;BOJANA CETENOVIC-CLINIC FOR PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, BELGRADE UNIVERSITY;-

Title: AMELOGENESIS IMPERFECTA IN CHILDREN



Amelogenesis imperfecta in children ( case report ) Amelogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary disease related to the X chromosome. This disorder is characterized by abnormal development of enamel. Historically, this problem was solved by massive extraction of teeth and making complete dentures. Today, with contemporary materials and new techniques we have better, less invasive solutions. In the case where we have all amelogenesis imperfect teeth, anodontio second permanent premolars in upper and lower jaw, persistence of second ankylotic decidous molar and open bite with progeny of mandible, our aim is to use a conservative technique in order to achieve satisfactory appearance for the patient. We extracted ankylotically second decidous molars, repaired carious teeth, restored teeth in the front with composite material and on the side with glass ionomer material. After this treatment, the patient looks satisfactory, pain relief was achieved, oral hygiene is very good and socially and psychologically patient is feel-ing better. When the patient meets conditions for prosthetic restoration, this treatment will be followed up by a team consisting of prosthetic specialist, maxillofacial surgeon and orthodon-tist. The maxillofacial surgeon will surgically shorten the corpus mandible and solve the prog-eny problem this way. The prosthetic specialist will create ceramic crowns and the orthodontist will use permanent braces to correctly position the teeth.



262SNEZANA MATIJEVIC TIVAT-Montenegro

Institute: UNIVERSITY OF MONTENEGRO, FACULTY OF MEDICINE PODGORICA, STUDY PRO-GRAM OF DENTISTRY

Specialty: PAEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY

Author: SNEZANA MATIJEVIC-UNIVERSITY OF MONTENEGRO, FACULTY OF MEDICINE POD-GORICA, STUDY PROGRAM OF DENTISTRY;-;-;-;-

Title: DENTAL CONDITION OF CHILDREN AGED 3-5 IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF TIVAT



The objective of this study was to determine the dental condition of children aged 3-5 years who attended preschool institution ....



290MAJA DELIC PODGORICA-Montenegro

Institute: CLINICAL CENTER OF MONTENEGRO


Author: MAJA DELIC-CLINICAL CENTRE OF MONTENEGRO;KEMAL SAHMANOVIC-CLINICAL CENTRE OF MONTENEGRO;DANIJELA SUBOTIC-CLINICAL CENTRE OF MONTENEGRO

Title: GINGIVOSTOMATITIS HERPETICA IN CHILDREN – EXPIRIENCE OF OUR INSTITUTION



Introduction: Oral infections caused by herpes simplex type 1 are widespread, even among otherwise healthy people. While most of these herpetic infections are asymptomatic, young children are at risk for developing extensive oropharyngeal vesicular eruptions when first in-fected with the virus. Altough a self-limiting desease, this oral infection can cause significant mouth discomfort, fever, lymphadenopathy, and difficulty with eating and drinking. Early infec-tion is hard to diagnose especially by the pediatritian. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective study and analysed children that visited dental policlinic in Podgorica in last three years with symptoms of gingivostomatitis and acute viral infection. Results : There were fifty patients with herpetic gingivomatitis, most of them clustered in spring and autumn months. Among them, thirty eight children were preschool age. Eleven children required hospitalisation because of severe form of the disease. The average number of visits to dental clinic was five. Conclusions: Prompt and adequate diagnosis and therapy are of crucial importance in treat-ment of herpetic gingivostomatitis in way that the number of hospitalized children and compli-cations can be decreased.



291 DANIJELA SUBOTIC PODGORICA-Montenegro

Institute: CLINICAL CENTER OF MONTENEGRO

Specialty: PEADIATRIC DENTISTRY

Author: DANIJELA SUBOTIC-CLINICAL CENTER OF MONTENEGRO;MAJA DELIC-CLINICAL CEN-TER OF MONTENEGRO

Title: PREVALENCE OF HARD TEETH TISSUES AND PULP IN CHILDREN



Introduction : Causes of teeth injuries in both dentitions are multiple. Injuries occur in different conditions and vary in ages. Destruction of hard teeth tissues in any form influence the func-tion of chewing and speech and also on aesthetic appearance of children. Aim : The aim of this study is to determine prevalence of hard tooth tissue and pulp injuries in children during the period from 01.01.2011 to 31.12.2012 Methodology : 5122 children , aged from 1 to 15 years , where included in this study. They were examined during the 2011 and 2012 year , on Department of preventive and child dentistry in Clinical Center of Montenegro. Results : Re-search showed that the trauma prevalence is 2, 12. It is double the prevalence compared to the prevalence of established year 2006/2007.Also that is more often in boys ( 61 %) than in girls ( 39%). The tooth trauma analysis shows that the most of them happens in ages from 7 to 12 ( 73 %). Most often injured teeth is upper central incisors ( 82 % ). Tooth fractures type II are more frequent (66 %) than the type III ( 31 %) , type I ( 2%) and at the type IV ( 1 %). From all cases , 92, 2 % are injuries of single tooth, 6,3% of two and 1,5% of three. Conclusion : Results of this study shows that is necessary to conduct preventive program which , regardless of dif-ferent and multiple causes of tooth injuries , could be successful.



301KEMAL SAHMANOVIC PODGORICA-Montenegro

Institute: DENTAL CLINIC OF CLINICAL CENTRE OF MONTENEGRO

Specialty: DENTIST

Author: KEMAL SAHMANOVIC-DENTAL CLINIC OF CLINICAL CENTRE OF MONTENEGRO;MAJA OJDANIC-DENTAL CLINIC OF CLINICAL CENTRE OF MONTENEGRO;MURIZ OSMA-NOVIC-DENTAL CLINIC OF CLINICAL CENTRE OF MONTENEGRO

Title: INDICATIONS FOR TEETH EXTRACTIONS IN CHILDREN IN PODGORICA, MONTENEGRO



Kemal SAHMANOVIC, Maja OJDANIC, Muriz OSMANOVIC INDICATIONS FOR TEETH EX-TRACTIONS IN CHILDREN IN PODGORICA, MONTENEGRO Introduction: Caries is the widespread oral disease of modern society. Montenegro is in the line of countries in transition with high caries risk in children population. The preventive dental protection is organised on the level of public health institutions. According to Law on health institutions preventive dental program is organised for pre-school and school children up the age of 18. Extractions, together with caries, are in high position of already high dmf-DMF index structure. That is due to non-existence of system in the state level for providing and carrying out of preventive dental mea-sures and nonexistence of our population’s conscience for importance of good oral hygiene and dietetic measures. Aim: To study the main indications for deciduous teeth extractions in our patients, who attended the Dental Clinic of Montenegro. Methods: Sample is formed of patients on which tooth extraction was performed in the period February 2012 - February 2013. Results: There were total of 320 patients treated, aged between 6 and 18 years. The proportion of the reasons for extractions is as follows: caries (42.28%), time of exfoliation (31.23%) orthodon-tic reasons (26.49%). Conclusions: Teeth extractions are still in the high position concerning dental services in Montenegro. Children in Podgorica are more affected with caries and less favourable structure of DMF. It is necessary to implement the system of primary health care and to find a solution to this problem. Keywords: teeth extractions, children, caries, exfoliation



317VESNA AMBARKOVA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA

Specialty: PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY

Author: GALIĆ IVAN-DEPARTMENT FOR HEALTH STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SPLIT, CROATIA;AMBRAKOVA VESNA-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA;VODANOVIĆ MARIN-DEPART-MENT FOR DENTAL ANTHROPOLOGY, SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF ZA-GREB, CROATIA;BRKIĆ HRVOJA-DEPARTMENT FOR DENTAL ANTHROPOLOGY, SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF ZAGREB, CROATIA;STEVANOVIC MARIJA-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METH-ODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA

Title: DENTAL MATURITY IN CHILDREN IN FYR OF MACEDONIA: AN EVALUATION OF THE IN-TERNATIONAL MATURITY STANDARDS



Background: French-Canadian standards by Demirjian for dental age estimation in children show lower accuracy when allied in other populations. The international maturity standards were calculated and maturity curves were created by evaluation of maturity standards from eight different populations, in order to predict the dental age with more confidence when the ethnic origin was unknown. Aim: Aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of international maturity standards on the sample of panoramic radiographs (OPG) of 350 girls and 330 boys, aged from 6.06 to 12.97 years from the area of the city of Skopje in FYR of Macedonia. Method: Seven permanent teeth from left side of lower jaw were scored using Demirjian stages. Kappa score for intra- and inter- rater agreement was tested by evaluation of 50 randomly selected OPGs. Dental maturity score was calculated and dental age was found from the 50th percentile maturity curve for maturity score for each child. Results: Cohen Kappa score was 0.86 for intra-rater and 0.80 for inter-rater agreement. Dental age statistically significantly overestimated real age by 0.32±88 years in girls (p<0.001) and 0.49±0.98 in boys (p<0.001). Conclusion: These results show that international maturity standards are more appropriate than French-Canadian standards for age estimation on children in FYR of Macedonia but also suggest the need for development of region-specific dental maturity standards.



322ONUR GEZGİN KONYA-Turkey

Author: ONUR GEZGİN-SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PE-DIATRIC DENTISTRY;YAĞMUR ŞENER-SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

Title: RESTORING FUNCTION AND ESTHETIC REHABILITATION FOR A PATIENT WITH AMELO-GENESIS IMPERFECTA: A CASE REPORT



Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a hereditary disorder that causes defective enamel develop-ment on primary and permanent teeth. This disorder has been divided into four main types; hypoplastic, hypomaturation, hypocalcified, hypomaturation-hypoplastic with taurodontizm. Enamel defects, dental eruption anomalies, tooth sensitivity, poor dental aesthetics, reduced vertical dimension, dentin dysplasia and pulpal calcifications are of similar clinical findings. A patient (8, ♀) suffered from AI with dental trauma that affects to maxillary anterior teeth pre-sented in this case report. Subluxation was diagnosed as a result of intra-oral examination and radiographic evaluation in addition to AI. Anterior teeth were splinted by using semi-rigid splint and were followed for a period of two weeks. There was no mobility, apical lesion and pathol-ogy after two weeks healing periods. Afterwards, maxillary anterior teeth were restored with composite laminate veneer technique by using a transparent crown. Maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth were restored with stainless steel crowns. Thus the treatment approach provid-ing more esthetic appearance and function was found satisfactory for both parent and patient as a result of one-year follow-up.



328OLGA KOKOCEVA IVANOVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia



Author: KOKOCEA-IVANOVSKA OLGA*-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FAC-ULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, R. MACEDONIA;CARCEV MILE-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, R. MACEDONIA;AMBARKOVA VESNA-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODI-US” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, R. MACEDONIA;ZABOKOVA-BILBILOVA EFKA-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIAT-RIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTRE “ST. PANTELEJMON”, SKOPJE, R. MACEDONIA;RADOJKOVA-NIKOLOVSKA VERA-DEPARTMENT OF PEDODONTIC DEN-TISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, R. MACEDO-NIA

Title: COMPLICATIONS IN THE PERIOD OF PREGNANCY AND NEWBORN’S DISEASES – RISK FACTORS FOR CIRCULAR CARIES



The aim of this research is to show whether the complications, which occur during the period of pregnancy of the mother and the child’s state of health immediately after the birth, affect the appearance of the early childhood caries (circular caries). To fulfill the aim we included 117 children at the age 2-3. During the standard medical check-ups at the Clinic of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry we have diagnosed them with circular caries. A questionnaire prepared in advance was given to the mothers of the children with diagnosed circular caries, which contained data for the period of pregnancy, (pathologic pregnancy, premature birth with com-plications and normal pregnancy without any complications) as well as cured diseases dur-ing the first year of the child’s age, (respiratory, gastrointestinal and infective diseases). After elaborating the data from the questionnaire, we got the number of 28.21% of the mothers who had pathological pregnancy and 18.80% had premature birth accompanied with complica-tions. In the first year of the age 15.38% of the children had bronchitis and pneumonias very often, 18,80% gastrointestinal and 9,40% infective diseases. These results prove the fact that problematic pregnancy and the child’s state of health immediately after the birth are factors of predisposition to the appearance of the early childhood caries. Key words: early childhood car-ies; circular caries, the questionnaire, pregnancy, diseases



382MIRJANA ĐURIČKOVIĆ PODGORICA-Montenegro

Institute: FACULTY OF MEDICINE


Author: IRENA MLADENOVIC-DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTHICS, MEDICAL FACULTY, UNI-VERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA;MIHAEL STANOJEVIC*-DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTHICS, MEDICAL FACULTY, UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA;SLOBODAN DODIC-DEPARTMENT OF PROSTH-ODONTICS, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE, SERBIA;DRAGAN PETROVIC-DEPARTMENT OF MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, MEDICAL FACULTY, UNIVER-SITY OF NIS, SERBIA;RUZICA KOZOMARA-DEPARTMENT OF MAXILLOFACIAL SUR-GERY, MILITARY MEDICAL ACADEMY, BELGRADE, SERBIA

Title: TMD IN POSTOPERATIVE PROGNATHIC PATIENTS: CORRELATION WITH TREATMENT FACTORS



BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to determine the health status of primary teeth of children aged 6 years, in urban and rural areas of Montenegro, METHODS AND MATERIALS:A cross-sectional study was performed in October-November 2010.It included the checkups of 444 6 years old children of both sex (161 from rural and 283 from urban areas).The parameters that have been used for the oral health condition were:DMFT,SiC, Index and presenceof seal-ants.One dental team clinically examined all subject in line with WHO methodology and crite-ria. All chosen children from the sample were checked by standard dental diagnostic equip-ment under the artificial light on the dry teeth on the dental chair.Examinations have been one calibrated examiner (kappa score 0,94). RESULTS:Average number of teeth with caries per examinne for children of this age was DMFT-5,4.The SiC index was 8,3.Among the examined children,8,9% had at least one tooth with a fissure sealant. Children is urban areas had lower values DMFT-4,7 in relation with children in rural areas DMFT-6,5. Percentage of teeth with caries were higher in rural areas D-93,6% in relation with children in urban areas D-91,8%.As for filled and missed teeth percentage is higher of children in urban areas (F-6,6%,M-1,4%) in relation with children in rural areas (F-4,6%, M-1,7%). CONCLUSIONS:Children in rural areas have caries more often that children in urban areas and higher percentage filled,teeth with car-ies has children in urban areas.



385MAJA JOVANOVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Specialty: PAEDIATRIC DENTIST

Author: MAJA JOVANOVSKA-UNIVERSIRY DENTAL CLINIC CENTRE ST. PANTELEJMON

Title: PROSTHETIC REHABILITATION AT AN EARLY AGE



Loss of teeth of the permanent dentition in the childhood is a serious problem for the patient, causing speech impediments and functional and aesthetic obstacles. It is particularly chal-lenging for the therapist to repair and rehabilitate the lost teeth, taking into account the de-velopmental processes of the facial jaw, which are ongoing. This abstract deals with the case of a 13 years old female patient with a desolate bite, from deep caries lesions to completely destroyed tooth crowns with gangrenous disintegrated pulps in teeth where root growth is still unfinished. As a consequence of the destroyed teeth, there is an orthodontic anomaly. In re-solving this case were included specialists from each area - oral surgeon, orthodont, pedodont and prostodentist. Because of the age of the patient, some treatments were only temporary, because of the still-growing jaw and yet considering the perspectives for future fixed-prosthetic care as a final solution. 8 teeth were extracted, we treated 2 radixes of the frontal teeth with endodontic treatment, on which we made composite upgrades. An orthodontic device for cor-rection of the anomaly was made, as well as partial denture. By doing this, we managed to get proper rehabilitation for the partial toothlessness in this patient. Her smile is no longer forced, it is spontaneous.




Author: STEFAN TODOROVIC*-PZU BITOLA ;GORAN TODOROVIC -PZU BITOLA ;MIRJANA POP-OVSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE;MERI PAVLEVSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE;MARINA MAJSTORCEVA-FACULTY OF MEDICAL SKOPJE

Title: DENTAL HEALTH AT SCHOOL CHILDREN IN BITOLA



Dental health at school children in Bitola Aim of the study is to determine the risk dental caries, in school children living in rural(311) and urban(104) areas in Bitola . Results point that in Bitola carious teeth average was smaller compared to carious teeth average in school children living in rural areas, and measured values point to statisticly significant difference (t=14.79, p<0.01), also the values of Kip were lower in school children living in Bitola compared to school children living in rural areas and the results were statisticaly significant(p<0.01).Measured values of Kep are as follows: In school children living in Bitola – 6.02, while in school children living in rural areas – 6.89, and the total Kep was 6.44.Caries prevalence was as follows – First molar Kep was greatest in subjects living in rural areas (68.12), while in subject living in urban areas first molar Kep was 61.33. Conclusion – Data received from the study, will help in receiving real picture of the dental health, and the risk factors of the studied territory, and can be helpful in implementacion of profilactic measures. Key words: Dental caries preventive




Author: JETMIRA ALIMANI-JAKUPI*-PRIVATE PRACTICE,,PREVENTIVA DENTAL\;SNEZANA IL-JOVSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE-CLINIC FOR PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY2,;ELIZABETA GEORGIEVSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE-CLINIC FOR PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY2,;MIRA JANKULOVSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE-CLINIC FOR PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY2,;SANJA NASKOVA -FACULTY OF DENTISTRY STIP

Title: CLINICAL EVALUATION OF SEALING THE FISSURES AND PITS TO THE CHILDREN TEETH



Clinical evaluation of sealing the fissures and pits to the children teeth A total of 96 children (61 female and 35 male) were examined, at the age between 6-7 years who had erupted their first permanent molar and appropriate occlusal morphology for sealing respectively present of deep and tight fissures. Examination after the first three months showed that there was not secondary caries among the pacients. After six months there was statistically very signifficant difference of value between group A and group B (P < 0.001) for sealants Helioseal F and GC Fuji triage. After 12 and 18 months there was statistically very significant difference of values among group A and group B (p < 0.001) for secondary caries for all four sealants. If there is need for correction on sealing material, tooth should be treated as sealing material is applied for the first time. Key words: preventive sealing, fissures, pits.




Author: BOBO GEROVSKI*-PZU VIVA DENT-BITOLA;JOVAN GEROVSKI -PZU VIVA DENT-BITOLA;MERI PAVLEVSKA -FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE-CLINIC FOR PEDI-ATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY;MARINA MAJSTORCEVA-MEDICAL FACULTY SKOPJE;FILIP VENINOV-MEDICAL FACULTY SKOPJE

Title: PREVALENCE OF DENTAL ANOMALIES



Prevalence of dental anomalies Aim of the study is to determine clinical evaluation in preva-lence of dental anomalies As material and methodology we used the following: systematic reviewing of two different age groups, from both sexes, in preschool age from 3 – 5 years old, and school age of 15 years old in Bitola The statistical values in group A between the male and female respondents is significant (p<0,05). The statistical values in group B between the male and female respondents is not that significant (p>0,05). From the statistical data, we can come to a conclusion that, the difference in value in dental anomalies of the entire group of respon-dents is, statistically important. The difference in value between the two groups, that relate to the dental anomaly by number of teeth, show the existence of a high statistical importance (p<0,001) Very important dental anomalies, of the morphology of the dental variations, are the developmental dental anomalies. Their occurrence and the degree of distinctiveness, can pro-vide valuable information for the phylogenic and genetic tests, and can explain the difference among the populations. Key words: dental anomalies, clinical evaluation


PERIODONTOLOGY

40ZANA SLLAMNIKU-DALIPI PRISHTINA-Serbia

Specialty: PERIODONTIST

Author: ZANA SLLAMNIKU DALIPI-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY AND ORAL MEDICINE, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, MEDICAL FACULTY, UNIVERISTY OF PRISHTINA, PRISHTINA, REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO;FATMIR DRAGIDELLA-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY AND ORAL MEDICINE, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, MEDICAL FACULTY, UNIVERISTY OF PRISHTINA, PRISHTINA, REPUB-LIC OF KOSOVO;METUSH DISHA-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY AND ORAL MEDICINE, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, MEDICAL FACULTY, UNIVERISTY OF PRISHTINA, PRISHTINA, REPUB-LIC OF KOSOVO;KASTRIOT MEQA-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY AND ORAL MEDICINE, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, MEDICAL FACULTY, UNIVERISTY OF PRISHTINA, PRISHTINA, REPUB-LIC OF KOSOVO;BLERTA MUSLIU-DEPARTMENT OF PEDONDONTICS, SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, MEDICAL FACULTY, UNIVERISTY OF PRISHTINA, PRISHTINA, REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO

Title: PERIODONTAL SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENT WITH GINGIVITIS FIBROMATOSA- CASE PRESENTATION



BACKGROUND: Gingivitis fibromatosa is rare disorder of idiopathic etiology which is charac-terized with gingival enlargement of attached gingiva, gingival margin and interdental papil-lae. Hypertrophy usually begins with eruption of the primary or secondary dentition and may regress after extraction. Treatment of gingivitis fibromatosa requires periodontal surgical treat-ment- gingivectomy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The patient FM, age 10, had complaints of esthetic nature of gingival enlargement and functional problems with chewing. After examina-tion we observe extensive gingival enlargement in the right side of maxillary posterior teeth. This hypertrophy was affecting the attached gingiva, gingival margin and interdental papillae. The enlarged gingiva was pink, firm and almost leathery in consistency. The posterior teeth were almost completely covered with gingiva and mastication was performed with hypertrophic gingiva. RESULTS: After marking a gingival pockets, we performed the procedure of gingi-vectomy from d.12-16, extracted teeth d.64 and reconstructed gingiva. Histopathology result presented a bulbous increase in the amount of connective tissue that was relatively avascular and consists of densely arranged collagen bundles and numerous fibroblasts. CONCLUSION: Gingivectomy technique is a most effective form of treatment for gingivitis fibormatosa. After intervention the reconstruction of gingiva has restored functionality and esthetics, and satisfac-tory psychological impact of the patient. The recidivs after gingivectomy are possible.


PERIODONTOLOGY

50VERA RADOJKOVA -NIKOLOVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia



Author: POPOVSKA M-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;NIKOLOVSKI B-PRIVATE DENTAL PRACTICE;SIMJANOVSKA LJ-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY-SKOPJE; STOJANOVSKA V-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY-SKOPJE;PETKOV M-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY-SKOPJE

Title: LASER FRENECTOMY FOR PROSTHETIC PATIENTS-A CASE REPORT



Introduction The frenum is a mucous membrane formation that attaches the lip to the alveolar mucosa, the gingiva, and the underlying periosteum. The frena may endanger the gingival health when they are attached too closely to the gingival margin and in some cases they can present clinical problems, fundamentally of orthodontic, prosthetic, phonetic or periodontal na-ture. Aim: to present the case with maxillary aberrant frenum in patient with preparated front teeth using ErYAG laser. Results: laser surgical procedure was well tolerated by our patient and there were no adverse effects or complications either during surgery or after it. Among all the approaches for frenectomy, laser procedure offered the advantage of minimal time con-sumption and a bloodless field during the surgical procedure, with no requirement of sutures. Conclusion, the use of laser is useful for a simple frenectomy due to their numerous advan-tages. The most important benefits are as follows: technical simplicity, with a short operating time; absence of postoperative swelling and pain; and the achievement of a correct upper lip frenum reinsertion at the mucous gingival junction. Key words: Frenectomy, upper lip frenulum, ErYAG laser


PERIODONTOLOGY

52RAMAZAN ALTUNBAS ISTANBUL-Turkey

Institute: GATA HAYDARPASHA TRAINING HOSPITAL


Author: RAMAZAN ALTUNBAS-GATA HAYDARPASHA TRAINING HOSPITAL;MUSTAFA TUNALI-GATA HAYDARPASHA TRAINING HOSPITAL;SENIZ KARACAY-GATA HAYDARPASHA TRAINING HOSPITAL;ARZU ATAY-GATA HAYDARPASHA TRAINING HOSPITAL;MUSTAFA ERKAN-GATA HAYDARPASHA TRAINING HOSPITAL

Title: TITANIUM PREPARED PLATELET-RICH FIBRIN MEMBRANE IN THE TREATMENT OF DEEP GINGIVAL RECESSION



Background: We developed a new product called titanium-prepared platelet-rich fibrin (T-PRF). The T-PRF method is based on the hypothesis that it would be better if a titanium tube is used instead of a glass tube in Chouckroun’s PRF method. This case report evaluated the effective-ness of a T-PRF membrane combined with a coronally repositioned flap surgery in a treatment of deep gingival recession defect. Case Report: 43 years-old woman patient was referred to our clinic with soft tissue recession in the mandibula localized at the 46 tooth region. The diag-nosis of the region with a deep vestibul class II Miller gingival recession defect represented that exposed root surfaces showed abrasion defect, indicating toothbrushing trauma as the caus-ative factor for the development of the recession. The brushing techniques were altered and root coverage were surgically achieved with frenectomy sugery and T-PRF membrane com-bined with a duble papilla flap surgery. Results: After 6 months, in T-PRF membrane combined with a coronally repositioned flap the gain of clinical attachment were 5,5 mm and the coverage were 100%. Conclusion: Within the limits of this case report, the results demonstrated that T-PRF membrane combined with a coronally repositioned flap procedure is safe and effective in a treatment of deep class II Miller gingival recessions.


PERIODONTOLOGY

64ELENA FIRKOVA PLOVDIV-Bulgaria

Institute: DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY AND ORAL DISEASES, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY


Author: ELENA FIRKOVA-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY AND ORAL DISEASES, FACUL-TY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, PLOVDIV, BULGARIA;BLAGOVESTA YANEVA-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY AND ORAL DISEASES, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, PLOVDIV, BULGARIA

Title: ANTIMICROBIAL PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF REFRACTORY PERIODONTAL DISEASE



Background: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is a novel therapeutic approach in the management of oral biofilms. It is a powerful alternative to antibiotic therapy, particularly in the treatment of periodontitis and bacterial and fungal oral infections. A big advantage of APDT is its non-specific bactericidal mechanism - equally effective against antibiotic-resistant and antibiotic-susceptible bacteria. The aim of this pilot study is to evaluate the clinical changes in refractory periodontal pockets after application of APDT. Materials and methods: In this pilot study 36 refractory periodontal pockets in recall patients that had previously received periodon-tal therapy were retreated with scaling and root planning and APDT. The photosensitizer was EmunDo (A.R.C. Laser GmbH), the light activation was performed by D-TouchTM diode laser (Syneron Dental), wavelength 810 nm. The light activation with 810 nm allows the best tissue penetration of the photosensitizer, initiating the photodynamic process of oxygen triplets re-lease which have proved antibacterial effect. Thorough debridement was performed prior to the initial photodisinfection procedure. After the initial transmucosal irradiation, the intrapocket irra-diation for additional activation of the residual photosensitizer with fiber 200 µm was performed for 30 seconds also. Results: After 2 months, 28% of the pockets’ probing depths decreased by >2mm; 18% decreased by >3mm and 91% of the pockets had no bleeding on probing, no sup-puration was detected. Conclusions: The combined use of non-surgical mechanical therapy and photodisinfection results in significant reduction of clinical signs of inflammation and of the probing pocket depths especially in patients with refractory periodontal pockets.


PERIODONTOLOGY

86VERA RADOJKOVA-NIKOLOVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia



Author: NIKOLOVSKI B-PRIVATE DENTAL PRACTICE;DZIPUNOVA B-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;PANDILOVA M-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;ATANASOVSKA-STOJANOVSKA A-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;KOKOCEVA O-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY

Title: TESTOSTERONE AND GINGIVAL HEALTH IN YOUNG PUBERTY BOYS



Introduction Pubertal gingivitis, many years ago is a topic about which are presented conflict-ing results. It is generally accepted that bacterial plaque plays a huge role in starting gingival inflammation and sex hormones are among the main promoters of this inflammation. Aim: to determine the extent of gingival health among teens through examination of indices of oral hygiene and gingival status; to determine serum and salivary testosterone levels in boys at puberty age with and without signs of gingival inflammation and to determine the influence of testosterone on gingival health, followed by indices of gingival status. Material and method Gingival health was evaluated through clinical examination of gingival indices. Serum and sali-vary concentrations of testosterone were evaluated with RIA method: Testosterone RIA-DSL Results The results indicate the expressive signs of gingival inflammation. Strong correlation was found comparing serum and salivary levels of testosterone with the indices of gingival sta-tus, especially emphasizing the influence of testosterone on gingival inflammation, plaque and calculus indices (r = 0,49-0,91). Conclusion Recent findings certainly are direct confirmation of involvement of sex hormones in the development of gingival alterations during the pubertal maturation, which suggest the important role of dental professionals on preventive and treat-ment modalities. Key words: puberty boys, testosterone, puberty gingivitis, gingival health.


PERIODONTOLOGY

113CEREN SU AKGUN ANKARA-Turkey

Author: MURAT AKKAYA-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY ;CEREN SU AKGUN-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTIST-RY DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY ;-;-;-

Title: TREATMENT OF LOCALIZED GINGIVAL RECESSION USING GINGIVAL UNIT GRAFTS: A CASE REPORTS



INTRODUCTION Gingival recession designates the exposure of root surface due to the migra-tion of the marginal periodontal tissues apical to the cemento-enamel junction. Surgical treat-ment of gingival recession has been performed to improve esthetics, decrease root sensitivity. The synergistic relationship between involved tissues and vascular supply is an important factor in the treatment of gingival recession defects. Rapid establishment of a blood supply compat-ible with the post-operative tissue viability is of critical importance for success and most of the soft tissue grafting and flap techniques in the current use focus on enhancement of bilaminar blood supply at the recipient site. CASE REPORT A 29 year-old female patient was referred to the Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology with a complaint of gingival recession at the left first premolar teeth. The patient underwent a full-mouth mechani-cal periodontal treatment combined with oral hygiene instructions. Recession was treated with gingival unit graft (masticatory palatal tissue involving marginal gingiva and papilae). The pa-tient was advised not to brush and rinse twice daily with 0.2% solution of chlorhexidine diglu-conate for two weeks. Following the surgery recall appointments were scheduled every week during the first month. Then patient was recalled once a month for the remaining observation period. CONCLUSION The avascular root surface is diffucult for an ideal wound healing. Ac-captable treatment results can be achieved in Miller Class I-II recession defects with gingival unit grafting. Providing better clinical and esthetic improvements in comparison with palatal grafts may indicate the additional benefits of gingival unit grafts.


PERIODONTOLOGY

129ANTOANETA MLACHKOVA SOFIA-Bulgaria

Institute: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY

Specialty: PERIODONTICS

Author: VELITCHKA DOSSEVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-SOFIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DE-PARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;ANTOANETA MLACHKOVA*-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-SO-FIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;CHRISTINA POPOVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-SOFIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;VLADIMIR PANOV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-VARNA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATIVE AND PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

Title: MAIN PERIODONTOPATHOGENS IN SHALLOW AND DEEP PERIODONTAL POCKETS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS



Main periodontopathogens in shallow and deep periodontal pockets in patients with chronic periodontitis Authors: V. Dosseva, A. Mlachkova Chr. Popova, Vl. Panov Introduction: The lit-erature data shows that some specific anaerobic gram-negative bacteria (Aggregatibacter ac-tinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Capnocytophaga spp.) are strongly involved in the initiation and patho-genesis of periodontal diseases. A number of studies have indicated that P.gingivalis and T. denticola occured together. Authors suggest that these species either singly or in combination increase the progression risk in patient with chronic periodontitis. Aim: Identifications of the levels of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola in shallow and deep periodontal pockets in patients with chronic periodontitis by RT-PCR. Materials and Methods: The study is based on 20 patients. Three periodontal sites with different pocket depth were investigated in each patient. The detection of periodontopathogens by real-time polymerase chain reaction was accomplished. Results: In our study no one of inves-tigated periodontal sites demonstrates the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitas. P.gingivalis was established in 95,8% of subgingival simples and T.denticola – in 98,2%. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that P.gingivalis and T.denticola are closely associated with the progressive chronic periodontitis. Adequate therapy and likewise regular maintenance should modify the composition of subgingival biofilm, should benefit the periodontal environment and thus allows long-term stability of the treated periodontal structures. Key words: periodontal pathogens, chronic periodontitis.


PERIODONTOLOGY

148 METE TOPTAŞ ANKARA-Turkey


Author: METE TOPTAŞ-ANKARA ÜNI,PERIODONTOLOGY;ECE RAKUNT-ANKARA ÜNİ,PERİODONTOLOGY;MERIÇ ALTUN-ANKARA ÜNİ, ENDODONTİCS;PELIN TÜFENKÇI-ANKARA ÜNİ,ENDODONTİCS

Title: INTENTIONAL REIMPLANTATION OF A TOOTH WITH PERIODONTAL DISEASE: A CASE REPORT



Introduction: This case involved the intentional reimplantation of a tooth with periodontal dis-ease. Case report: Endodontic treatment was performed to the mandibular right central incisor. Then tooth was intentionally extracted, extraction socket was prepared and tooth was reposi-tioned accurately. The bone defect was filled with demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft. Then mucoperiostal-flep was repositioned and sutured. Clinical results was observed for 3 mounths. Conclusion: Favorable clinical results were obtained with reimplantation combined with regenerative periodontal teraphy, like restore the aesthetic results and clinical survival.


PERIODONTOLOGY

151ECE RAKUNT ANKARA-Turkey


Author: MURAT AKKAYA-ANKARA ÜNI,PERIODONTOLOGY;ECE RAKUNT-ANKARA ÜNİ,PERİODONTOLOGY

Title: MANAGEMENT OF AMLODIPINE INDUCED GINGIVAL ENLARGEMENT:A CASE REPORT



Introduction: Gingival enlargement is one of the side effects associated with certain drugs. Amlodipine, a calcium channel blocker, used as antihypertensive drug has been found associ-ated with gingival hyperplasia. Case Report: A 43 years old female with amlodipine induced gingival enlargement was treated with scaling and root planning. Then surgical procedure was performed with conventional and laser gingivectomy methods. Maxillary anterior site was per-formed with conventional methods and mandibular anterior site was performed with diode laser. The patient has observed for 5 months. Conclusion: There is no overgrowth tissues at the treated sites after treatment. Improved oral hygiene, profesional treatments may help over-come the effect of these drugs.


PERIODONTOLOGY

163OLGA DJURIC PODGORICA-Montenegro

Institute: JU KCCG

Specialty: STOMATOLOG

Author: OLGA DJURIC-CLINIC OF STOMATOLOGY PODGORICA;DZ. GANJOLA

Title: ORAL MUCOSA STATUS OF PATIENTS UNDERGOING ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT



Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the impact of oral hygiene and the type of orthodontic appliance on oral mucosa in orthodontic patients. Methods: The study included 110 children, aged between 6-18 years (60 subjects were wearers of fixed and removable orth-odontic appliances and 50 subjects were control group who had just been referred to orthodon-tic treatment). A degree of oral hygiene, dental status, and periodontal status as well as the intensity of inflammation of oral mucosa was recorded in all subjects by using verified clinical tests. Results: The frequency and intensity of inflammation were reversely proportional to oral hygiene degree (p<0.05). The controls had poorer oral hygiene findings. Only a small number of fixed orthodontic appliance wearers had inflammatory changes of higher intensity (5%). A significant correlation between oral mucosa inflammation and type of orthodontic appliance was not found. Conclusion: Orthodontic appliance wearers had better oral hygiene and less frequent inflammatory changes than controls.


PERIODONTOLOGY

193DUYGU YAVUZER ANKARA-Turkey

Institute: ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY


Author: DUYGU YAVUZER-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOG;FATMA BÖKE-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DE-PARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOG;MURAT AKKAYA-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOG

Title: CORONALLY ADVANCED FLAP IN COMBINATION WITH PLATELET-RICH FIBRIN: RE-PORT OF TWO CASES



Coronally Advanced Flap In Combination With Platelet-rich Fibrin: Report of two cases Intro-duction: Coronally advanced flap (CAF) has been shown to effectively treat gingival recession. A recent innovation in dentistry is the preparation and use of platelet-rich fibrin. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), containing autologous growth factors, has been shown to promote soft tissue healing. This paper reports the use of PRF membrane in combination with CAF for treatment of multiple recession defects. Case Reports: Two systemically healthy patients which have multiple Miller’s Class I buccal recession defect was treated with CAF+PRF. Following local an-esthesia intrasulculer incision was made at the buccal side of the involved teeth and extended to include one tooth on each side of the teeth to facilitate the coronally repositioning of the flap tissue. The intrasulculer incisions consist of oblique submarginal incisions in the interdental areas. A trapezoidal dissection was made towards apical end of the mucogingival junction and a split thicknes flap was raised without vertical releasing incisions. The previously prepared PRF membrane was positioned over the recession defects and flap were coronally positioned to cover the PRF membrane completely. Clinical parameters included recession depth (RD), recession width (RW), gingival thickness (GT), width of keratinized tissue (WKT), clinical at-tachment level (CAL), probing depth (PD) were recorded before and 6 months after surgery. Conclusion: The results of the present case reports demenostrated that PRP in combination with CAF was effective in treating multiple gingival recession defects.


PERIODONTOLOGY

209AYSEL UFUK ŞENOL ANKARA-Turkey

Author: DT. AYSEL UFUK ŞENOL-ANKARA ÜNI,PERIODONTOLOGY;DT. BERNA ALEMDAR-ANKA-RA ÜNI,PERIODONTOLOGY;PROF. DR. MURAT AKKAYA-ANKARA ÜNI,PERIODONTOLOGY

Title: USING OF DIODE LASER FOR LABIAL FRENECTOMY



İntroduction: Several factors can cause a diastema like an enlarged labial frenum ,oral habits, muscular imbalances, physical impediments, abnormal maxillary arch structure, and various dental anomalies. Case Report :In this case a 12 years old female patient referred us with a complain of the maxiller inter-incisor diastema as a result of an enlarged labial frenum.We used diode laser(400/600 µm) for this case. The diode laser has high absorbance by pigmented tissues with hemoglobin, melanin, and collagen chromophores.For this reason, this wavelength is well indicated for surgery in soft tissue (vaporization, incision, coagulation, hemostasis). It is not properly absorbed, however, and should never be used in contact with hard tissues (bone). It is important for the professional to understand the physical characteristics of the different laser wavelengths and their interaction with biological tissues to assure that they are used in a safe way. Conclusion:Using of diode laser was more exceptable for the patient than conventional surgical techniques with the advantages of diode laser like reducing pain,prevent hemostasis,short operation time and rapid wound healing after surgery.


PERIODONTOLOGY

233PLAMEN NENKOV VARNA-Bulgaria

Author: PLAMEN NENKOV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-VARNA ; FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE-; DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY -;METODI ABADZHIEV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-VARNA ; FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE

Title: ER:YAG LASERS APPLIED IN MODERN PERIODONTOLOGY FOR CROWN LENGTHEN-ING AND AESTHETIC GINGIVECTOMY



Background: Lasers are applied with considerable success more and more nowadays in den-tistrey and particularly in periodontology. In order to achieve crown lengthening and aesthetic gingivectomy knowledge acquired in conservative periodontal surgery techniques are applied in far more efficient, far more quick and far more smart and precise approach. Namely by using Er:YAG laser. A laser with wave length 2940nm is preferred in periodontoly due to several ex-tremely important facts: lack of carbonization on the incision and surrounding tissues, possibil-ity to split a flap by regulating the external energy and last but not least gentle instrumentation. Methods and materials: Er:YAG laser is used preferably for preriodontal procedures like crown lengthening and gingivectomy for optimal results applying biological attitude towards the soft tissues, the underlying bone and the surrounding tooth surface. Results: Crown lengthening and gingivectomy preformed wit Er:YAG laser are a periodontal procedures assuring suitable architecture of the soft tissues for providing exact endodontic treatment in cases with subgingi-val exposition of the tooth, sufficient tooth tissue for eventual prosthodontics treatment and per-fect red aesthetic with quick and precise results. Conclusion: Er:YAG lasers are integral part of modern periodontology providing quick results with efficient and precise aesthetic indications.


PERIODONTOLOGY

235LAURETA PEPOSHI TIRANE-Albania



Author: LAURETA PEPOSHI-ALBANIAN UNIVERSITY;FATBARDHA ALIAJ-ALBANIAN UNIVERSITY;EDA PEPOSHI-ALBANIAN UNIVERSITY

Title: USED 1% GEL ALENDRONATE IN TREATMENT OF PERIODONTAL OSSEOUS DEFECTS



Background Alendronate, an aminobisphosphonate, is capable of inhibiting periodontitis asso-ciated osteoclastic activity and hence is effective in protecting the alveolar bone in periodonti-tis. In this study, we explored the efficacy of local delivery of alendronate on the alveolar bone following mucoperiosteal flap surgery. Objectives: 1. To evaluate clinically and radiographically, the efficacy of 1% gel alendronate used locally in the management of periodontal osseous defects. 2. To evaluate the periodontal tissue response to 1 % gel alendronate by recording clinical parameters (Gingival index, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level) and radiographic parameters. Materials and Methods: A total of 42 patients with chronic periodon-titis in the age group of 30 - 55 years, with pocket depth of ≥ 5mm and radiographic evidence of identical osseous defects in the mandibular molar region bilaterally were included in this prospective study. A gel based drug delivery system of Alendronate was formulated. Follow-ing surgical flap debridement, 0.1 ml alendronate gel and 0.1 ml placebo gel was placed at the experimental and control sites respectively. Clinical and radiographic parameters were re-corded at baseline, three months and six months post surgery. Results: Alendronate was more effective in improving clinical and radiographic parameters compared to placebo. Conclusion: Alendronate is effective in the management of periodontitis associated bone loss. Gel based local delivery of the drug addresses the critical concern of exposing the patient to adverse ef-fects of systemic administration.


PERIODONTOLOGY

238ANTOANETA MLACHKOVA SOFIA-Bulgaria

Institute: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODON-TOLOGY


Author: ANTOANETA MLACHKOVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-SOFIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;DENITSA PENEVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-SOFIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;VELITCHKA DOSSEVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-SOFIA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPART-MENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY

Title: TWO STAGES SURGERY FOR THE TREATMENT OF CLASS IV GINGIVAL RECESSION – A CASE REPORT



Two stages surgery for the treatment of class IV gingival recession – a case report Authors: A. Mlachkova, D. Peneva*, V. Dosseva Introduction: Gingival recessions and severe lack of keratinized gingival can result in root caries, root sensitivity, gingival inflammation, and esthetic problems. The free gingival graft (FGG) procedure has proven to be efficient and predictable for increasing the width of attached gingiva. Aim: To present a case with two surgical ap-proaches in the treatment of class IV Miller gingival recession of #31 – combination of a FGG and a subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG). Materials and methods: Although authors have demonstrated with this technique successful root coverage for class I and class II gingival recessions, in this case the root coverage was not the primary goal of FGG. In the presented case a subepithelial connective tissue graft is made subsequently. Results: In our case very good root coverage was obtained with a combination of the pointed two techniques as well as improved esthetic view. Conclusion: In class IV gingival recessions the FGG procedures result in a partially coverage of the previously denuded root surface and a second surgical procedure as a subepithelial CTG is recommended. Key words: gingival recession, FGG, subepithelial CTG.


PERIODONTOLOGY

273ZEYNEP EROĞLU ANKARA-Turkey

Author: ZEYNEP EROĞLU-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF ANKARA;MERVE ALAYLI-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF ANKARA;NEJAT ARPAK-DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF ANKARA;ZEKİYE ULUDERE-DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCIENCE, UNI-VERSITY OF GAZI

Title: THE EFFECT OF ANKAFERD BLOODSTOPPER® ON BLOOD AND FIBRIN NETWORK IN-TERACTION WITH IMPLANT SURFACE



Purpose : This study was conducted to investigate the effects of ABS on red blood cells and fibrin network interaction with titanium implant surfaces. Materials and Methods : Titanium im-plant samples divided into two groups for a total of 6 samples (n=3 for test group with ABS® and n=3 for control group without ABS®). In the test group, ABS® was applied on the implant surfaces. Non-anticoagulated venous human whole blood was applied dropwise to the im-plant surfaces for test and control groups. After the necessary processes all the samples were analyzed using SEM examination. Results : The clot formation was evaluated on the implant surfaces . Red blood cells and fibrin network were observed on the implant surfaces. ABS® application to implant surface was came out more extensive aggregation of fibrin network on implant surfaces. Conclusion : ABS® may play an essential role during the initial and early stages of peri-implant wound healing.


PERIODONTOLOGY

275LINDITA-ZENDELI- BEDZETI SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIC ST. PANTELEIMON

Specialty: DENTIST- PERIODONTOLOGIST

Author: LINDITA ZENDELI- BEDZETI*-UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIC ST. PANTELEIMON;ZLATANKA BELAZELKOSKA-UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIC ST. PANTELEIMON;SILVANA GEORGIE-VA-UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIC ST. PANTELEIMON

Title: THE ROLE OF SYSTEMIC BONE METABOLISM ON THE CLINICAL APPEARANCE OF THE PERIODONTAL DISEASE



The Role of Systemic Bone Metabolism in the Clinical Appearance of the Periodontal Disease Background: The dynamics of pathogenesis and the progression of periodontal disease, as well as clinical appearance, are being determined by many local and systemic risk factors, including the decrease of the bone mineral density (BMD). The aim of our study was to deter-mine the stage of clinical manifestation and the severity of the periodontal disease according the BMD through the radiographic and clinical parameters before the periodontal treatment. Materials and methods: For the realization of our aim 50 patients, of both genders, aged 45- 70 years, were recruited. Systemic BMD was determined with DXA and according the results subjects were divided in two groups as follows: with normal BMD (n=20) and low BMD (n=30). The following parameters were noted: plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), clinical attachment loss (CAL), alveolar bone loss (ABL), tooth mobility and the tooth number. The results were statistically analyzed with SPSS. Results: Despite the values for PI and GI that were not signifi-cantly different at baseline, the results revealed higher and statistically significant difference for CAL (p= 0.002) and the clinical stage of the disease among patients with low BMD. The degree of the ABL was also higher in the same group (p< .0001) and the tooth number lower. Conclu-sion: Increased systemic bone metabolism presents a serious systemic risk factor that requires early prevention, herewith consecutively to delay the progression of the periodontal disease.


PERIODONTOLOGY

276NECMETTIN YETA

ANKARA-Turkey

Author: * DT. NECMETTIN YETA-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;DT. ELIF NAZ YAKAR-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTIST-RYDEPARTMENT OF DENTOMAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY ;DT. ERSUN GUSHI-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;PROF. DR.MERAL GUNHAN -ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;DT.M.FATIH SENTURK -ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY DEPARTMENT OF DENTOMAXİLLOFACIAL SURGERY

Title: THE SURGICAL APPROACH OF DRUG INDUCED GINGIVAL ENLARGEMENT



Introductıon: Gingival hyperplasia due to the concomitant unesthetic appearence and the for-mation of new niches for the periopthogenic bacteria is considered a serious periodontal prob-lem. The many types of gingival enlargment can be classified according to etiologic factors and pathologic changes as follows; inflammatory enlargement, drug-induced enlargement, en-largement associated with systemic diseases and neoplastic enlargement. This case present the clinical management and surgical treatment of drug induced gingival overgrowth. Case Report: 47 year old female patient who has hypertansion and who use Ca canal bloker applied to our clinic with gingival hyperplasia. Clinical examination revealed diffused gingival enlarge-ment. After the oral hygiene instruction, non surgical periodontal treatment was performed flap surgeries were completed using the internel bevel incision. Conclusion: In drug induced gingi-val enlargement after surgical removal of the lesion, plaque control and maintanace phase is necessary to prevent recurrence.


PERIODONTOLOGY

300ELENA FIRKOVA PLOVDIV-Bulgaria

Institute: FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY


Author: ELENA FIRKOVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DE-PARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;MARIA PANCHOVSKA-MEDICAL UNIVERSI-TY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL DISEASES ;ILIAN HRIS-TOV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTOCS;BLAGOVESTA YANEVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DEN-TAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY

Title: AMLODIPINE-INDUCED GINGIVAL OVERGROWTH – A CASE REPORT



Gingival overgrowth (GO) is one of the most important clinical features of gingival pathology, still remaining a significant problem for the dental clinicians. Some medications – anticonvul-sants, immunosuppressants (Cyclosporine), calcium channels blockers (most often Nifedipine) have been proved to produce GO in certain susceptible patients. Amlodipine is a comparatively new III generation calcium channels blocker, used for management of cardiovascular disor-ders. Although it is considered safe, it can also rarely induce GO. A case of severe amlodipine-induced GO, complicated by inflammatory changes due to plaque accumulation is presented in a 54 years old patient with a metabolite syndrome (hypertension, dyslipidemia, liver steatosis and gouth). He was taking amlodipine for 12 months/10 mg day. Intraoral examination revealed massive gingival enlargement at the vestibular surfaces of lower incisors and maxillar molars, as well as prominent nodular growth around lower right canine and premolars; generalized deep pockets and suppuration, bleeding on probing, poor oral hygiene. Histological assess-ment of the biopsy specimen revealed pronounced hyperplasia of the connective tissue and epithelium. Treatment was performed as follows: drug substitution; initial periodontal therapy – strict plaque control, scaling and root planning (reduction of inflammatory component in the gingival tissues); Er:YAG laser-performed gingivectomy and gingivoplasty; maintenance care. The healing process went uneventful and the postoperative results were extremely esthetically and functionally satisfactory.


PERIODONTOLOGY

318EMILIJA STEFANOVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia



Author: EMILIJA STEFANOVSKA-CLINIC OF PERIODONTOLOGY;KIRO IVANOVSKI-CLIN-IC OF PERIODONTOLOGY;EFKA ZABOKOVA-BILBILOVA-CLINIC FOR PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY;STEVICA RISTOSKA-CLINIC OF PERIODONTOLOGY;KRISTINA MITIC-CLIN-IC OF PERIODONTOLOGY

Title: PERIODONTAL HEALTH AT PATIENTS WITH FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES



We confirmed the study to evaluate the periodontal health status in 30 patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances, selected from Orthodontic Clinic at University Dental Clinic Cen-ter in Skopje. The patients were with an age range from 15-18 years. IDP, IGI and BOP index were performed before and after six months of fixed orthodontic treatment. The date were ana-lyzed with statistics programe ,,6”. The results showed that the patients undergoing orthodontic treatment have progress in periodontal disease during orthodontic treatment. The knowledge and practice on gingival health among orthodontic patients were poor. Conclusions: Orthodon-tic patients don’t have enough information about how to maintain appropriate oral hygiene. Patients instructions are considered as an important factor for periodontal health. Key words: periodontal health, fixed orthodontic appliance


PERIODONTOLOGY

320ALMA KANTARDZIC SARAJEVO-Bosnia and Herzegovina


Specialty: ORAL MEDICINE AND PERIODONTOLOGY

Author: ALMA KANTARDZIC-UNIVERSITY OF SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DE-PARTMENT FOR ORAL MEDICINE AND PERIODONTOLOGY;NEDIM SMAJKIC-UNIVER-SITY OF SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT FOR DENTAL PATHOLOGY;SANJA HADZIC-UNIVERSITY OF SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDI-CINE, DEPARTMENT FOR ORAL MEDICINE AND PERIODONTOLOGY;MIRJANA GOJKOV VUKELIC-UNIVERSITY OF SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT FOR ORAL MEDICINE AND PERIODONTOLOGY;ENES PASIC-UNIVERSITY OF SARAJE-VO, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT FOR ORAL MEDICINE AND PERI-ODONTOLOGY

Title: TREATMEN OF PERIODONTAL-ENDODONTIC LESION: CASE REPORT



The tooth, the pulp tissue within it and its supporting structures are intimately related and should be viewed as one biologic unit. The interrelationship of these structures influences each other during health, function and disease. The diagnose, therapy and prognose of combinated pupl-periodontal lesions has aroused much speculation, confusion and dillemas. Teeth with combinated lesions are very often unfortunately indicated for extraction. The purpose of this case report is to present possible therapy protocol and its results in primary periodontal lesion with apical progression of a periodontal pocket until the apical tissues. In acute phase, patient had extremly strong pain, with caracteristics of periodontal and pulpal pain. After elimination of acute pain, root scaling and planing, endodontic treatment was menaged. X-ray control after three months indicated to successful reaction of periapical tissues. At least, periodontal surgi-cal therapy with application of bone graft material was menaged with very successful outcoms. Keywords: periodontal-endodontic lesion, bone graft.


PERIODONTOLOGY

321RAİF ALAN KONYA-Turkey

Author: RAİF ALAN-SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;İSMAİL MARAKOĞLU-SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;GÜLŞAH TATAR-SELCUK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY

Title: TREATMENT OF INTRABONY DEFECTS WITH GRAFT MATERIALS AND AUTOLOGOUS PLATELET-RICH FIBRIN: A CASE REPORT



The regenerative treatment modalities for intra-bony defects (IBDs) include guided tissue re-generation, autografts, allografts, xenografts, alloplasts and combination of these techniques. Although these regenerative materials are still used, the introduction of biomimetic agents, such as enamel matrix derivatives, platelet-derived growth factor and bone morphogenetic proteins, has given promise for better outcomes in IBDs treatment. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), a second generation platelet concentrate, consists of an intimate assembly of cytokines, glyca-nic chains, and structural glycoproteins enmeshed within a slowly polymerized fibrin network. These biochemical components have well known synergetic effects on healing processes. In this case report, we presented treatments of IBDs, localized in right mandibular second molar and right maxiller lateral incisor, in a 38 years old male patient. Four weeks after initial peri-odontal therapy, surgery was performed. Clinical and radiographic parameters recorded before surgical procedures. Under local anesthesia mucoperiosteal flaps were reflected. Meticulous defect debridement and root planing were carried out. Autograft and xenograft combination were filled into the IBDs, and the PRF, fabricated from the patient’s own blood according to the manufacturer’s protocol, was used as a barrier membrane. The flaps were repositioned using 3-0 non-absorbable silk suture. Clinical and radiographic improvements recorded at 7 months postoperatively. In this case, we observed that the use of PRF and bone graft materials in com-bination is an effective modality of therapy in the regenerative treatment of IBDs.


PERIODONTOLOGY

334EMRE YAPRAK KOCAELI-Turkey

Institute: KOCAELI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY


Author: EMRE YAPRAK-KOCAELI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;ALPER SINANOGLU -KOCAELI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRYKOCAELI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF ORAL RADIOLOGY;KÜBRA DEĞIRMENCI-KOCAELI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;SERKAN SARIDAG -KOCAELI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: ORAL FINDINGS AND REHABILITATION OF A PATIENT WITH CHURG-STRAUSS SY-DROME



Background: Churg-Strauss Sydrome is a systemic disorder characterized by asthma, tran-sient pulmonary infiltrates, hypereosinophilia and systemic vasculitis. Eosinophilic vasculitis may involve multiple organ systems, including the lungs, heart, skin, gastrointestinal tract and nervous system. This report presents oral manifestations and periodontal/prosthetic rehabili-tation of patient with Churg-Strauss syndrome. Methods: A 42-year-old female patient was referred to Kocaeli University, Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontology Clinics with complaint of gingival pain. Medical history revealed that she has been suffering from gastrointestinal com-plications of Churg-Strauss Syndrome for three years and has been under immunosuppressive treatment (azatioprin 50 mg). According to intra-oral examination, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis lesion symptoms including pseudomembrane formation, interproximal necrosis and ulceration were in seen in mandibular anterior teeth. Medical consultation was made and the administration of immunosuppressive drug was suspended with physician’s decision before the periodontal treatment. Scaling followed by frequent rinses of diluted hydrogen peroxide was applied in the first periodontal treatment séance. Metronidazole (250 mg bid) and hydrogen peroxide mouthwash (50 %, bid) was prescribed. Rapid relief of symptoms and a remarkable tissue response was seen in the following séance and the same applications were repeated. All symptoms were disappeared during the 4-week follow-up. The patient was scheduled for the prosthetic rehabilitation. Missing teeth were restored by fixed prosthetic restorations. Conclu-sions: Effective collaboration of dentist and physicians, and appropriate treatment of intra-oral complications play important roles in improving the quality of life for Churg-Strauss syndrome patients.


PERIODONTOLOGY

363MUSTAFA SERDAR EVGINER KIRIKKALE-Turkey

Author: MUSTAFA SERDAR EVGINER-KIRIKKALE UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY DEPART-MENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY;HUSEYIN GENCAY KECELI-KIRIKKALE UNIVERSITY DEN-TISTRY FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF PERIODONTOLOGY

Title: COMBINED REGENERATIVE AND MUCOGINGIVAL TREATMENT OF A PERIODONTALLY HOPELESS MAXILLARY INCISOR: A 12-MONTH FOLLOW-UP CASE



COMBINED REGENERATIVE AND MUCOGINGIVAL TREATMENT OF A PERI-ODONTALLY HOPELESS MAXILLARY INCISOR: A 12-MONTH FOLLOW-UP CASE Background:Regenerative periodontal therapy aims to rebuild the destroyed supporting tis-sues. Xenograft is one of the materials that successfully used for this purpose. Connective tissue grafts (CTG) are used for the management of gingival recession but its preference is rare in bony defect treatment. In this report, a hopeless maxillary incisor was treated by xenograft-CTG and laterally positioned flap(LPF)combination and followed-up during 1-year. Methods and Materials:A 35-year old male was referred to the Periodontology Department with complaints of pain, swelling and mobility at left maxillary incisor. In the clinical examination,a periapical fistula and mobility, advanced pocket depths and gingival recession were detected at the relevant region. After phase I treatment,endodontic therapy was applied to the tooth and the surgical phase was started.For this purpose,after elevation of the flap and cleaning of the root surface,the debrided defect region was filled with bovine hydroxyapatite.Then a CTG was placed over the defect and the surgical site was covered with LPF. Results:Clinical and radiographic evaluation was performed at baseline,at first, third and 12th month visits. At 12th month, it was observed that tooth mobility decreased, pocket depths reduced and recession was completely covered. Radiographic evaluation also revealed a significant hard tissue for-mation around tooth at #21. Conclusion:Using xenograft-CTG combination with LPF may be useful in the treatment of hopeless teeth exhibiting combination of deep bony defect and re-cession. However further randomized controlled clinical trials are necessary for the evidence.


PERIODONTOLOGY

375MIMI MILOSHESKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia


Specialty: PERIODONTOLOGY AND IMPLANTOLOGY

Author: MILOSHESKA MIMI-PRIVATE DENTAL PRACTICE;RADOJKOVA VERA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;NIKOLOVSKI BRUNO-PRIVATE DENTAL PRACTICE;MICEVSKI BOBI-PRI-VATE DENTAL PRACTICE;-

Title: MICROFLORA AROUND TEETH AND DENTAL IMPLANTS



Background: When an implant is exposed to oral cavity, its surface gets colonized by micro-organisms. The aim of this study is to comparatively assess the microbiological parameters in sulci around the teeth and the crowns supported by dental implants. Materials and Methods: 17 partially edentulous patients aged between 30 and 50 years with total 25 anterior maxil-lary single implants with cemented crowns (depth of sulci < 3 mm) and 17 similar teeth in the same jaw of the same patients were included. Excluded were the patients with compromised systemic and periodontal health and smoking habits. None of the patients had used any an-timicrobial mouthwashes during at least two weeks before the study. All of the implants were at least 6 months in place covered by definitive prostheses. Samples of gingival sulci were cultured and examined by a dark field microscope and eight laboratory tests were performed to determine the micro-organisms. The data were evaluated statistically using Chi-square test (α=0.05). Results: Five anerobic bacteria found in teeth and implants sulci were Gram-positive cocci, Gram-negative cocci, Prevotella, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium. Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative cocci had maximum and minimum percentage frequency in the two groups, respectively. There were no significant differences between the two groups (P value >0.05). Conclusion: This study indicated that microflora in implant sulci is similar to the tooth sulci, when the depth of sulci is normal (< 3 mm). As a result, implants’ susceptibility to inflammation is the same as teeth. Keywords: Dental implants, microflora, tooth


PERIODONTOLOGY

381STEVICA RISTOSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: SS, CIRYL AND METHODIUS UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE


Author: STEVICA RISTOSKA, K, IVANOVSKI-FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY;S, PANOV, E, STE-FANOVSKA, K, MITIK-;V. RENDZOVATitle:



Matrix-metalloproteinase represent a family of proteolytic enzymes produced by different types of cells, which have the ability to degrade extracellular matrix components and the basal mem-brane. Aim: Quantitative qualification of the tissue levels of the collagenase MMPs-8 in inflam-matory gingival tissues at patients with chronic and aggressive form of periodontal disease and comparison with those in healthy controls. Material and method: The total of ninety patients was followed, that were divided in three groups. The first group was formed by 32 patients with chronic form of the periodontal disease, according to the criteria set by AAP 1999; the second group - 28 patients with aggressive periodontitis and the third group - 30 healthy patients. For setting the concentrations of MMPs-1, quantitative enzyme method was used, with the commercial set: SensoLyte MMPs-8 ELISA Kit Colorimetic, Results: ANOVA showed that the average values of MMP-8 in the inflated gingival samples at patients with chronic and aggres-sive periodontal disease were significantly higher when compared to the healthy examinees (p=0.00001). However, we established significance in the differences of the MMP-8 at the patients with chronic and aggressive form (p=0.00627) – significantly higher at subjects with chronic periodontitis. Conclusion: The destructive processes with the aggressive periodontitis dominantly occur as a consequence to the disrupted function of the neutrophil granulocytes (phagocytosis, hemotaxis, hyperactivity which are genetically preconditioned) and the release of the free radicals and other low-molecular substances, and not as a consequence of the re-lease of MMP-8. Key words: MMP-8, aggressive, chronic periodontitis, neutrophil granulocytes


PERIODONTOLOGY

384ADRIAN MARINESCU TIMISOARA-Romania

Institute: FACULTATEA DE MEDICINA DENTARA VICTOR BABES TIMISOARA


Author: ADRIAN MARINESCU-VICTOR BABES UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY, TIMISOARA, RO-MANIA DEPARTMENT OF DENTAL MEDICINE 3 - CONSERVATIVE AND RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS ;MARIUS BOARIU*-VICTOR BABES UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMA-CY, TIMISOARA, ROMANIA DEPARTMENT OF DENTAL MEDICINE 3 - CONSERVATIVE AND RESTOR-ATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS;LUMINITA NICA-VICTOR BABES UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY, TIMISOARA, ROMANIA DEPARTMENT OF DENTAL MEDICINE 3 - CONSERVATIVE AND RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS;DARIAN RUSU-VICTOR BABES UNIVERSI-TY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY, TIMISOARA, ROMANIA DEPARTMENT OF DENTAL MEDICINE 1 - PERIODONTOLOGY ;STEFAN-IOAN STRATUL-VICTOR BABES UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY, TIMISOARA, ROMANIA DEPARTMENT OF DENTAL MEDICINE 1 - PERIODONTOLOGY

Title: EVALUATION OF MANDIBULAR MOLARS FURCATION DEFECTS USING CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CBCT)



Introduction. In many clinical situations, an accurate clinical evaluation of the furcation defect is not possible. Recently, CBCT technique was introduced in periodontology, increasing the accuracy of the diagnostic. Purpose. To analyse the correlations existing between clinical and digital CBCT parameters of furcations of mandibular molars affected by periodontal disease, in order to determine the accu-racy of the CBCT as a diagnostic tool. Materials and methods. 15 patients with generalised advanced chronic periodontitis were included in the study, presenting a total of 25 mandibular molars with furca-tion defects of various degrees. Following a complete clinical examination and a CBCT investigation, a number of clinical and digital measurements were performed to all involved molars. The data obtained were analysed for statistical relevance with the Pearson, Spearman, Hi square and Mann-Whitney tests. Results. The results have shown that the value of the horizontal probing attachment level (CALo) is influenced by smoking, and that a powerful bidirectional positive correlations exists between age-probing depth (PD) (r=0.73), age-vertical probing attachment level (CALv) (r=0.57), PD-CALv (r=0.73), PD-CALo (r=0.66), and CALv-CALo (r=0.55) (p<0.01). The advanced grade furcations are detected more efficiently when using CBCT, compared with early grade furcations. Conclusions. The CBCT exam has proven to be very effective as a pre-surgery investigation and is supplying important informa-tion regarding the dimensions of the defect and the level of furcation involvement. Still the CBCT can`t replace, the clinical measurements, especially the intraoperative ones. Keywords: furcation defects, CBCT, horizontal defects, vertical defects.


PERIODONTOLOGY

421MIRJANA PERKOVSKA BIBANOVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: Univerzitetski stomatoloski klinicki Centar Sv. Pantelejmon Skopje

Specialty: periodontology

Author: Silvana Georgieva, Maja Pandilova, Saska Todorovska

Title:



The aggressive forms of periodontal disease have always been a current and serious problem in the dental medicine practice. Lots of antibiotics are part of the therapy for these forms of periodontal disease. The modern tendency of using natural remedies has put on the market theNOTAKEHLD5, produced from the fungus Penicillium Chrysogenum and affects all the in-fections caused by streptococcus and staphylococcus on a specific way. It is not a synthetic an-tibiotic and does not contain or produce penicillin acid. The aim of our research was to evaluate the therapeutic effects from the application of the NOTAKEHLD5on the periodontal disease. The research included forty patients with gingival inflammation and periodontal destruction in the frontal part of the mandible. Half of them used macrolide antibiotics per os and were treated on a conventional way, supplemented with local application of NOTAKEHLD5,soaked in sterile drain in three consecutive sessions. The second group used the same macrolide antibiotics and was treated on a conventional way, without local application of NOTAKEHLD5. The results were based on the index of gingival bleeding and the index of inflammation accord-ing to Silness-Lӧe. The results were statistically elaborated and compared with the student’s t-test. The results obtained enables’ us to conclude that the application of NOTAKEHL D5 as a complementary method in this therapy is the right choice.


PERIODONTOLOGY

422SASKA TODOROVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: Stomatoloski klinicki centar


Author: Saska Todorovska, Maja Pandilova, Silvana Georgieva, Mirjana Perkovska Bibanovska

Title: FURCATION INVOLVEMENT AND LOCAL THERAPY WITH NOTAKEHL D5 NONSYNTETIC PENICILLIN



Background: The aim of our study was to follow the results from the therapy at the involved furcations with local application of Notakehl in relation to a strike down of the soft tissues in furcations from I, II and III degree according the index of Glickman. Materials and methods: Our research included 32 patients of both sexes, above 50 years of age with advanced periodontal disease and furcation involvement of one or more teeth. Pa-tients were divided in two groups; in the first group we had conservative treatment in three subsequent sessions with application of iodoform on sterile drainage cord, in the second group a Notakehl was applied instead of iodoform. Indices of gingival bleeding, gingival inflammation and dental luxation by Loe-Silness were recorded in each session. Results: Results showed statistic significance for the indices of gingival bleeding and inflamma-tion in relation to the values from the beginning for both groups. In the group where Notakehl was used significance of the differences was attained after the first application. The index of dental luxation realized its significance only in cases with furcational involvement of I degree in the group with Notakehl.Conclusion: Because of a complete natural origin of this remedie and good tolerance from the patients side and with the results that we have obtained we give preference to Notakehl when we choose means in juncture of the conservative periodontal treatment on furcation involved teeth.


PERIODONTOLOGY

431DARKO CEKOV

KOCANI-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: VIVADENT- KOCANI R.MAKEDONIJA


Author: DARKO CEKOV, PZU. VIVADENT- KOCANI R.MAKEDONIJA; GABRIELA KALANOSKA PZU.DR.KALANOSKA-.OHRID R.MAKEDONIJA.

Title: TREATMENT OF PARADONTOPATHY WITH OPEN FLAP PROCEDURE Preferable Presentation type: Poster Presentation

Area of view: periodontology Introduction The aim of this work is to present the course of treating paradontopathy on a patient with bleeding and luxation problems with the incizal teeth.. It means cleansing tartar, concrements and treatment of the solid and tender walls of the periodontal sockets. The surgi-cal part of the therapy is gingivectomy and gingivoplasty. In our case, we had a 46 years old patient who came to us for a solving the lixation problem. But after the intraoral examination the diagnose was a paradontopathy with prominent hyperplastic gingiva. (Pic. 1). Therapy. We began the therapy with cleansing tartar, subgingival concrements and cleansing of tender sediments. (Pic. 2) Removal of necrotic cement. Disinfection and cleaning with 3% H202 and Betadine 1%. (Pic. 5). Thereafter we performed gingivectomy with reverse angle by sectioning the gingiva at a 45 degrees angle and removal of the pathologically changed tissue. (Pic. 3,4). After the completed gingivectomy we performed gingivoplasty. After stitching the wound with single interdental stitches (Pic. 5) we applied a packing of zink oxide (кариофил). (Pic. 6). The whole procedure was conducted under the impact of the antibiotic therapy Tabl. Rodagil. The patient was given directions for maintaining the oral hygiene on higher level, thus helping the therapy to succeed. After 4 days we removed the packing of (кариофил). (Pic. 8). After 7 days we removed the stitched (Pic. 9) and the patients was given new instructions for oral hygiene. The Izcizal lower jaw teeth were fixed with the wire splint wich was fixed with tetric flow cement.And tooth No-41 was trimed for about 2-3 mm.to keep the incizal line with the oder teeth. The picture taken 20 days after the intervention shows a significant recovery of the gingival. Picture after the prep. Pic. 10 shows hypertrophy of the lingual gingiva provocate from the wire splint.So we did some cauterization of the gingiva and we removed the wire splint. .. Also, the picture shows a complete recovery of the gingival and perfect pink color. Our presentation through pictures and text shows the success of the intervention on our patient



6STAVROULA SARAFOPOULOU THESSALONIKI-Greece

Institute: SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY, THESSALONIKI, GREECE

Author: S. SARAFOPOULOU -SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, ARISTOTLE UNIVERISTY, THESSALONIKI, GREECE;CΗR. KOUTSOUMOURAKIS-MASTER OF SCIENCE IN DENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON;C. STAVRIANOS-DEPARTMENT OF ENDODONTOLOGY (FORENSIC DENTISTRY), SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY, ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY, THESSA-LONIKI, GREECE ;P. STAVRIANOU-CONTEMPORARY ENGLISH TEACHER, DATABASE COORDINATOR

Title: DENTAL EROSION: CAUSES AND RESULTS



Dental erosion is clinically defined as the progressive and irreversible loss of dental hard tissue caused by a chemical process of acid dissolution that does not involve bacteria. Dental ero-sion, which according to recent studies has become an increasingly recognizable oral health issue is a multifactorial condition. The interaction between chemical, biological and behavioral factors is crucial and helps explain why some individuals show signs of more tooth wear than others. The clinical manifestations of dental erosion vary from mild-to-moderate to severe and can include loss of surface anatomy, increased incisal translucency, absence of enamel, and chipping of the incisal edges. Numerous clinical problems have been linked to erosion and include dental hypersensitivity, altered occlusion, eating difficulties, poor aesthetics, pulp expo-sure, and abscesses. To prevent further progression of dental erosion, it is important to detect this condition as early as possible. Dentists have to know the clinical appearance and possible signs of progression of erosive lesions and their causes such that adequate preventive and, if necessary, therapeutic measures can be initiated.



190JELENA MANDIC BELGRADE-Serbia

Institute: CLINIC FOR PAEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDI-CINE UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE, SERBIA


Author: JELENA C. MANDIC-CLINIC FOR PAEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE, SERBIA;ZORAN MANDINIC-CLINIC FOR PAEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE UNI-VERSITY OF BELGRADE, SERBIA

Title: FLUORIDE TOOTHPASTES EFFECT ON IODIDE PERMEABILITY OF CARIES LIKE ENAM-EL LESION



Background. Permeability of enamel to iodide is a sensitive indikator of enamel de- and rem-ineralization. The aim of this study was to measure iodide permeability of surface caries-like lesion as a relevant evidence of further demineralization or remineralization after toothbrushing the various concentration of fluoridated toothpastes. Methods and Matherials. Ten adult volun-teers residing in non- fluoridated areas were providedwith special oral apliances designed to carry removable demineralized human enamel samples. All volunteers have undergone follow-ing treatmens: TEST CONTROL- toothbrushing twice a day with F-free toothpaste.; TREAT-MENT 1.- toothbrushing twice a day with 500 ppmF toothpaste.; TREATMENT 2.- toothbrush-ing twice a day with 1450 ppmF toothpaste. Iodide permeability measurements were taken before and after test treatments. At the end of test treatments, samples were removed and content of iodide was measured using an iodide electrode. Iodide permeability calculated as micrograms iodide per cm. Results. These datas demonstrated a significant differences in per-meability compared TREATMENT 2. –samples (54±6) with TREATMENT 1.- samples (68±6) and F-untreated control (80±3), respectively.On the same time differences in iodide perme-ability between TREATMENT 2.samples and TREATMENT 1. samples were significantly less. Compared with F-untreated control, these results showed that the samples after treatment 1., and specially after treatment 2. were remineralized. Conclusion. These results revealed that decrease in permeability of enamel lesion associated with increased remineralization, and vice versa, increase in permeability of enamel lesion may be assocated with increased demineral-ization.



265ENIDA PETRO TIRANA-Albania



Author: DANIELA KUME-PRIVATE CLINIC;ENIDA PETRO-FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE;ERGYSEJDA HOXHA-PRIVATE CLINIC;DIANA BROVINA-FACULTY ALDENT;-

Title: THE IMPACT OF ORAL HYGIENE ON IMPROVING HALITOSIS



Background: Halitosis or bad breath is one issue that vexes many of our patients and it rep-resents a negative factor in their social lives. There are 3 main types of Halitosis: genuine halitosis, pseudo halitosis and halitophobia. The purpose of this study is to determine the con-tributing factors in bad breath and how this phenomenon is affected by oral hygiene. Methods and Materials: 89 patients took part in the study (52 females and 37 males), ages 25-55, all of whom complained about their bad breath. They filled out a questionnaire and all of them took the organoleptic test in the clinic in different times from 2 dentists, who independently evalu-ated the results of this test. Data collected was entered in Excel and SPSS. Data was analyzed using the “Chi-square” test. Results: 60% of the patients were aware of their bad breath. 33% of them had a strong, unbearable breath. The majority of the patients regularly brushed their teeth, but only 12%, regularly used mouth rinse products and only 17% flossed their teeth. None of the patients cleaned their tongues regularly. Conclusion: Halitosis negatively impacts the social lives. Most of the patients complained about bad breath during the whole day and this was genuine halitosis, confirmed from the organoleptic test as well. Furthermore, the re-sults of the study showed that oral diseases were the main causes of bad breath. Therefore, the improvement of oral health helps directly in the control of bad breath.



281NEADA HYSENAJ SHKODER-Albania

Institute: UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIC

Author: NEADA HYSENAJ*-UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIC;FLORION TABAKU-TABAKU DENTAL CLINIC;XHANINA GAVAZI

Title: THE AWARENESS OF DENTAL INSTRUCTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH BLEEDING DISOR-DERS REFERRED TO ALBANIAN HEMOPHILIA SOCIETY.



The Awareness of Dental Instructions in Patients with Bleeding Disorders Referred to Albanian Hemophilia Society. Introduction. A proper dental care is important for each person,but it is es-pecially important for people with Hemophilia Disease.This study measures the knowledge of hemophilic patients and the results after the instructions for oral hygiene in patients related to Albanian Hemophilia Society. Material and Methods. In this study were examined 40 patients.They were selected with their wish by the Albanian Hemophilia Society.A questionnaire was used to point out the information of the patients before and after oral hygiene instructions.In the questionnaire were included the actions through which the patients can prevent oral dis-eases such as:dental caries,periodontal diseases,dentures or orthodontic treatments.After the questionnare a brochure with these informations was delivered to the patients. Results. The patients who were examined were 30 females and 10 males.The average age was 23years old.30 patients were infected with A Type Hemophilia.Most of the patients had little informa-tion about oral hygiene.After the brochure there were significant changes related to: regular visits to the dentist,brushing and floosing regularly the teeth and factors related to bleeding.The other factors had no significant changes. Conclusions. The information of hemophilic pa-tients about oral hygiene was not at the satisfactory levels.The awareness of the patients about some factors of oral hygiene after reading the brochure increased. Althogh it is required further instructions,especially for this part of society.



297BILJANA GETOVA VALANDOVO-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: HEALTHY CENTER


Author: BILJANA GETOVA-HEALTHY CENTER VALANDOVO;MILE CARCEV-FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY SKOPJE, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY ;MERI PAVLEVSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE, DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY ;SEVDALINA JANEVSKA-HEALTHY CENTER SKOPJE;SOFIJA CARCEVA - SALJA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE, DEPARTMENT OF OTHODONTICS

Title: FIRST PERMANENT MOLARS CONDITION IN CHILDREN AT AGE 8 IN SOUTH EASTERN REGION IN RM



In Republic of Macedonia from 01-01-2008 implementation of the NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR PREVENTION OF ORAL DISEASES IN CHILDREN FROM 0 TO 14, started. On the basis of the epidemiological studies that determined DMFT in children at age 12 (6.88) and the factors which contribute to it (insufficient oral hygiene, inappropriate diet, lack of fluoride, low aware-ness of oral health), the Strategy included 5 primary preventive measures. The aim of this pa-per is to compare DMFT value (3.7) on first permanent molars in children at age 8 (born 2000) before beginning of the Strategy and, after 2 years of the implementation of the same, at four next generations. 5703 participants were examined, born in 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005 in the period from 2009-2012. Examinations were conducted in dental offices by paediatric dentists calibrated under the standards of WHO, that determined DMFT of the first permanent molars. The first permanent molars DMFT in the first generation, born 2002, was 0.96, second genera-tion (2003) DMFT - 0.57, third (2004) DMFT - 0.47 and the fourth DMFT - 0.29. DMFT reduction values at each next generation taken by primary preventive measures of the Strategy, clearly indicated effectiveness of the same. But pits and fissures sealing as one of the Strategy mea-sures has the most essential role in reduction, so sealing of all new erupted permanent teeth with fissures will provide low DMFT values and improvement of oral health between children.



351EFKA ZABOKOVA BILBILOVA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia



Author: ZABOKOVA-BILBILOVA EFKA*-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, UNI-VERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTRE “ST. PANTELEJMON”, SKOPJE, R. MACEDONIA;SOTIROVSKA IVKOVSKA ANA-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, R. MACEDONIA;GEORGIEV ZLATKO-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTIST-RY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, R. MACEDONIA;LIDIJA KANURKOVA -DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, R. MACEDONIA

Title: CARIOUS LESIONS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING TREATMENT WITH FIXED ORTHODON-TIC APPLIANCES



The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency of caries in patients with fixed appliances before and at the end of orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: Clinical examinations encompassed 60 patients with diagnosed malocclusion - started before orthodontic treatment. The subjects were divided in two subgroups (20 subjects in each group). The first subgroup was preventive treated with dental cream GC Tooth Mousse, and the second subgroup with fluor (Fluorogal - solution with a low concentration of fluoride - 0.05% F). Control group was comprised of 20 patients. DMFT-index was registered in all subjects (80) before and at the and of orthodontic treatment. Results: In this study, at the subjects of two groups (preventively treated underway of orthodontic treatment) has been registered at least, statistically no signifi-cant increase in DMFT-index at end of treatment. Statistically significant increase in the DMFT-index was registry in control group, where before the beginning of the treatment, DMFT-index was 6.55, and at the end of orthodontic therapy DMFT-index was 7.45. Conclusions: Caries and decalcification continue to be a serious problem as shown by high caries rate in our study. The new carious lesions should be treated as soon as they are diagnosed. Meticulous caries-prophylactic measures such as professional tooth cleaning and fluoridation continue to be decisive factors in prevention.



374AHMET MURAT ÖZER ANKARA-Turkey

Institute: AIRPORT MEDICAL CLINIC

Specialty: ANATOMY, AVIATION MEDICAL EXAMINER

Author: YAŞAR NURKANLAR ALPARSLAN, DT-STATE AIRPORT AUTHORITY MEDICAL CLINIC;AHMET MURAT ÖZER, MD, PHD.-STATE AIRPORT AUTHORITY MEDICAL CLINIC

Title: IMPORTANCE OF DENTAL APPROACH TO FLIGHT-CHECK STAFF AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE AIR NAVIGATION SAFETY.



A Case Report Barotrauma is physical damage to body tissues caused by a difference in pres-sure because of altitude between an air space inside or beside the body and the surrounding fluid. The lungs, ears, or sinuses can be affected. Barodontalgia, commonly known as tooth squeeze and previously known as aerodontalgia, is a pain in tooth caused by a change in at-mospheric pressure. A patient, who was examined by a Airport Medical Clinic, was diagnosed as a periodontitis, and his anterior maxillar incisoral teeth were extracted. More over, there was a semi-inclused canine tooth on the anterior maxillopalatinal region, and it was extracted surgically. Both cavity and bony defects were filled with allograft (puty) and sutured. A patient is 60-year-old electronic technicians. He is working as a flight check staff at the flight check plane for the safety of air navigation. Because of that situation, a medical report was given to him and prohibited his flight status for five days in order to protect from the effects of dental barotrauma. As a result, flight check staff who serves for the air navigation safety on the flight check plane, must be examined periodically for the general health problems. On the other hand to reduce the mission inaccuracies, by the orofacial pains which occurs by dental or orofacial problems, Flight surgeons or flight dentists must examine the flight staff periodically for the risk of barotrauma and if it is necessary must prohibit their flight status.




Author: MARINA MAJSTORCEVA*-MEDICAL FACULTY SKOPJE;FILIP VENINOV-MEDICAL FAC-ULTY SKOPJE;MERI PAVLEVSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE-CLINIC FOR PEDI-ATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY;MIRA JANKULOVSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE-CLINIC FOR PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY;JETMIRA ALIMANI-JAK-UPI-PRIVATE PRACTICE-PREVENTIVA DENTAL

Title: ORAL HEALTH IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH DISABILITIES



Oral health in children and adolescents with disabilities. In the purpose of our paper: to ascer-tain the condition of oral hygiene of orthodontic anomalies in in children and adolescents with disabilities For implementing the goal, 90 children were followed up which reside in the daily center for children and young adults, special high school “St. Naum Ohridski” – Skopje, from the age of 11 to 24, The distribution of values in the OHI index in both groups tested with the Mann-Whitney and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests did not show statistically significant distribution of information for the type of handicap and Oral Hygiene Index (p > 0.05) Orthodontic anoma-lies, with t test for proportions, it was proven that the children in the control group have more sagital anomalies than in eksperimental group(t = 4.32; which is more than the zero value for t, 1.96). The t test for proportions (t = 1.65 < t0 = 1.96) pertaining to the deep bite in both groups did not show any difference in the normal vertical overbite of teeth ( p > 0.05). In regard to the spacing of the teeth and crowding of the teeth between the two groups there is no significant statistical difference. In regard to the presence of croossbite, the t test for proportions showed that there is no significant statistical difference between the two groups. Key words: Ortodon-tics anomalies,OHI indeks



394OLGA KOKOCEVA- IVANOVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PR EVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, MACEDONIA


Author: KOKOCEVA-IVANOVSKA OLGA*-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DEN-TISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, R. MACEDONIA;STEVANOVIC MARIJA-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKO-PJE, R. MACEDONIA;SIMJANOVSKA LJUBA-DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRIC AND PREVEN-TIVE DENTISTRY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, “SS CYRIL AND METHODIUS” UNIVERSITY, SKOPJE, R. MACEDONIA

Title: BREAST-FEEDING AND FLOUR PROPHYLAXIS- RISK FACTORS FOR EARLY CHILD-HOOD CARIES



The aim of this study is to show if the breast-feeding and the flour prophylaxis with the flour tablets, taken by the mother in the period of pregnancy and lactation, influence the appearance of the Early childhood caries. To fulfill the aim we included 117 children at the age 2-3. During the standard medical check-ups at the Clinic of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry we have diagnosed them with Early childhood caries.We gave children’s mothers, where the Early child-hood caries was diagnostician, previously prepared questionnaires.A questionnaire contained data for breast-feeding and the flour prophylaxis with the flour tablets, taken by the mother in the period of pregnancy and lactation. After elaborating the data from the questionnaire, we got that the greatest part of the examined children: 17.95% had been without breast–fed and 40.17%, had been breast–fed only in the period of three months. Only 16.24% of the mothers of the examined children had used flour prophylaxis in the period of pregnancy and lactation. The analysis of the results showed that the early childhood caries appears often at the children who were breast–fed in a short period and whose mothers had not used flour prophylaxis, during the period of pregnancy and lactation. That points at the fact that, that leads to further insufficient mineralisation at hard dental substances at the primary teeth and to higher risk of caries. Key words: Early childhood caries, breast-feeding, lactation, flour prophylaxis.



396DEJAN MARKOVIC BELGRADE-Serbia

Author: DEJAN MARKOVIC-UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DE-PARTMENT OF PAEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTSITRY;BOJAN PETROVIC-UNI-VERSITY OF NOVI SAD, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DENTISTRY CLINIC OF VOJVODINA, DEPARTMENT OF PAEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY;TAMARA PERIC-UNIVER-SITY OF BELGRADE, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PAEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTSITRY;JELENA DMITROVIC-UNIVERSITY OF NOVI SAD, FACUL-TY OF MEDICINE, DENTISTRY CLINIC OF VOJVODINA, DEPARTMENT OF PAEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY

Title: THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CARIES RISK FACTORS AND ORAL HEALTH



Background: The aim of this study was to determine association between caries risk factors and oral health in a school children population. Material and methods: The study comprised 42 participants of both genders aged 10-14 years. During the 6-month observation period, follow-ing clinical parameters were analyzed: DMF (Klein-Palmer), gingival (Löe-Silness) and plaque (Silness-Löe) indices, pH of unstimulated and stimulated saliva, quantity and buffer capacity of stimulated saliva, and pH of dental plaque. According to the DMF, the subjects were divided into 3 groups: I) DMF=0 (low caries activity), II) DMF=0-6 (moderate caries activity), and III) DMF>6 (high caries activity). Results: Statistical analysis revealed significant differences be-tween the caries-risk groups with respect to the plaque index and plaque acidity (p<0.05, one-way ANOVA). Correlation analysis showed that plaque acidity significantly correlated with DMF values (p<0.05, Pearson\’s correlation). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the plaque pH had a significant impact on the DMF values (p<0.05). Conclusion: The amount and acidity of dental plaque could be considered as the most important caries risk factors.



402BILJANA GJORGJESKA STIP-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: UGD- STIP, FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES

Author: SOFIJA PETKOVSKA-UNIVERSITY \\;JULIJA ZARKOVA-UNIVERSITY \\;BILJANA GJORGJESKA -UNIVERSITY

Title: USE OF ANTISEPTIC MOUTH RINSES AMONG DENTAL STUDENTS



There are number of reasons for using mouth rinses due to their antimicrobial, anti-inflamma-tory, analgesic and caries protection effects. Many of them are commercially available and patients and dentist struggle to select the most appropriate product for a particular need. Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine if dental students use mouth rinses, which mouth rinse is most commonly used and the main reasons for choosing them. Material and methods: 150 questionnaires were given to dental students from second, third and fourth year of study. 94 of them were female and 56 were males. They were asked to answer 5 questions with mul-tiple choices such as: were they using mouth rinse or not, what kind of mouth rise they were using, what mostly affected their selection, price, quality or other, if dentist recommended them and how often they were used them. Collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistical methods. Results: 48% of the students used mouth rinses occasionally, 34% of them were female. The most used mouth rinses were commercial. 18% of them were using due to recom-mendation of dentist. 85% of them answered that the most important for them is the quality of the product. Conclusions: This study have showed that dental students use mouth rinses very often due to their knowledge about their effects in prophylactic goals but long-term use of ethanol-containing mouth rinses should be discouraged given recent evidence of a possible link with oral cancer.



23NATASHA STAVREVA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, CLINIQUE OF PROSTHODONTICS AT UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIQUE SKOPJE


Author: NATASHA STAVREVA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, CLINIQUE OF PROSTHODONTICS AT UNIVER-SITY DENTAL CLINIQUE SKOPJE;LJUBEN GUGUCHEVSKI-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, CLINIQUE OF PROSTHODONTICS AT UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIQUE SKOPJE;BILJANA KAPUSHEVSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, CLINIQUE OF PROSTHODONTICS AT UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIQUE SKOPJE;BLAGOJA DASHTEVSKI-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, CLINIQUE OF PROSTHODONTICS AT UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIQUE SKOPJE;ANETA MIJOSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, CLI-NIQUE OF PROSTHODONTICS AT UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINIQUE SKOPJE

Title: COMPLETE AND PARTIAL DENTURES, DETERMINANTS OF QUALITY OF LIFE OF ADULT POPULATION IN RM


Area of view: Removable ProsthodonticsIntroduction. At adult population (over 65) with oral health problems there is a need of making complete and partial dentures to improve and preserve the functions of the general and oral health as important determinants of quality of life. Materials and methods. The study was con-ducted among 165 institutionally sheltered patients in Gerontology Institute in Skopje and 170 patients from dental specialist clinics. The significance of difference depending on the type and distribution of responses was tested with statistical program (Chi-square, Fisher-exact test, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal Wallis test, t-test for independent samples, Analysis of variance), using statistical significance of p <0.05. Results. The age of patients was 65 to 92, and 65 to 87 respectively. Females dominated with 61.8% and 62.9% respectively. The majority were Mace-donians 66.1%, Albanians 14.5%, Romes 3.64%, while 62.9% of respondents from specialist clinics were Macedonian, 12.9% Albanian and 8.2% rimes. Urban livings were 53.9% from the first group, and 45.9% from the second. There were 43.6% vs. 26.5% with upper and lower complete dentures, and 20.0% vs. 20.59% with upper and lower partial dentures. Conclusion. The answers from GOHAI index showed: institutionally sheltered geriatric patients have un-satisfactory level of oral health, with substantial difference of the physical and psycho-social dimension of the quality of life. Key words: Complete and partial dentures, GOHAI index, oral health, geriatric population over 65 years, physical dimension, psychosocial dimension, quality of life



25YUMUŞHAN GUNAY ISTANBUL-Turkey

Institute: GULHANE MILITARY MEDICAK ACADEMY HAYDARPASA TRAINING HOSPITAL DENTAL SERVICE

Specialty: MAXILLOFACIAL PROSTHODONTICS

Author: YUMUSHAN GUNAY -GMMA HAYDARPASA TRAINING HOSPITAL DENTAL SERVICE, DE-PARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;ARZU ATAY-GMMA HAYDARPASA DENTAL HOSPI-TAL DENTAL SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: ORIENTATION OF EAR PROSTHESES: CASE REPORT



Orientation of Ear Prostheses: Case Report Günay Y., Atay A. Aim: Maxillofacial prostheses may be considered as a treatment alternative for congenital or traumatic defects. There are ori-entation problems that should be considered during the planning of an ear prosthesis. The aim of this study was to introduce a modified method of orientation and to discuss the results with a previously presented investigation. Case: A patient was referred to GATA Haydarpaşa Training Hospital Dental Service, Department of Prosthodontics. In his auricular inspection, the helix of right and left external ear, anatomical references and external auditory meatus was missing. A face-bow was oriented on the patient’s face by using the references obtained from both ofthe in fra or bi tal po ints Conclusion: This case report shows that utilization of the pre-prostetic preparations prevent mistakes related to the insertion of implants, and simplify the placement of the prosthesis in the right position.



27ARZU ATAY ISTANBUL-Turkey

Author: ARZU ATAY-GULHANE MILITARY ACADEMY HAYDARPASA TRAINING HOSPITAL DE-PARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;CUMHUR KORKMAZ-BALIKESIR MILITARY HOSPI-TAL DENTAL SEVICE

Title: COMPLETE DENTLESS TREATMENT OPTION-PATIENT SATISFACTION



Complete Dentless Treatment Option-Patient Satisfaction Atay A, Kokmaz C. Backround: The success of complete dentures, is a complex issue in connection with denture construction tech-niques, physician skills, determined by criteria such as the physician-patient relationship, and patient compliance. All of these criteria aside, the literature in terms of construction techniques and materials appropriate yet prostheses, and prostheses are used by patients who reported high stisfaction. Conclusion: Elderly people who lives happy in their daily lives, reported they were satisfied.



28IVAN GERDZHIKOV SOFIA-Bulgaria

Institute: MEDYCAL UNIVERSITY


Author: IVAN GERDZHIKOV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY

Title: OBTURATOR PROSTHESIS RETENTION FOR EDENTULOUS PATIENTS WITH LARGE PALATAL DEFECTS: A CLINICAL REPORT.



Background: Retention for the obturator prostheses is commonly obtained through contact with the remaining dentition and the anatomic soft tissue contours of the defect. The loss of all maxillary teeth significantly compromises the retentive potential for an obturator prosthesis. Purpose: Purpose of this case report is to establish retention and stabilization of the open hol-low obturator with, a large defect in the palate. Materials and Methods: Primary impressions of both jaws were made with irreversible hydrocolloid impression material ( Phase plus ).Casts were prepared with III gypsum material ( Moldano ). Custom tray were made of plastic light-cured material (TRIAD) and impression were taken with a functional additive silicon ( Elite HD Putty,Elite HD regular ). The obturator was completed in the traditional technology, used heat cured resin ( Meliodent HC ) and silicone material to forming hollow part ( Optosil ). Results: Treatment outcome showed good retention and stability of the obturator, which restored the lost speech, masticatory function, and esthetics of the patient.



47OGNJENKA JANJIĆ-PAVLOVIĆ FOČA-Bosnia and Herzegovina



Author: OGNJENKA JANJIĆ-PAVLOVIĆ-UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF MEDI-CINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSHODONTICS;JELENA ERIĆ-UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARA-JEVO, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: EFFECT OF TOOTH LOSS AND DENTURE STATUS ON ORAL HEALTH-RELATED QUAL-ITY OF LIFE OF ELDERS



Background: It is known that tooth loss and the wearing of complete dentures can compromise normal functional activities and may result in a range of reactions in edentulous people. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of tooth loss and denture status on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of community-dwelling Bosnian elders. Methods and Mate-rials: The sample consisted of 93 community-dwelling older individuals who were 65 years and above. Data were collected using a brief clinical dental examination and an interviewer administered questionnaire. The clinical dental examinations were carried out by a trained dentist to determine whether subjects were dentate or edentulous, and whether subjects had complete or removable dentures. The interviewer administered questionnaire included infor-mation on basic socio-demographic variables and OHRQoL through the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) index, recently validated for this population. Results: Of the 93 subjects who were participated in this study, 28 were dentate, 35 had complete and 30 had removable dentures. Overall prevalence of oral impacts was significantly higher in non-denture wear-ers (60.7%) compared to denture wearers (32.3%). In both non-denture and denture wearers groups, the most commonly reported impact item was \



62JADRANKA BUNDEVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: STOMATOLOSKI FAKULTET - SKOPJE, JZU STOMATOLOSKI KLINICKI CENTAR


Author: JADRANKA BUNDEVSKA-STOMATOLOSKI FAKULTET - SKOPJE, JZU STOMATOLOSKI KLINICKI CENTAR;CO-AUTHOR: BILJANA KAPUSHEVSKA

Title: CRAFTING PROSTETICS FOR PATIENTS WITH SCARRING IN THE FACIAL REGION



Scarring anywhere on the body causes problems related to both functional and esthetical func-tions of the organism as a whole. When on the face, the most affected area is the dysfunction of the stomatognathic system. Such changes are a problem for the dentists as well, when deal-ing with total teeth loss and crafting prosthetics. Our goal was to show a patient where despite difficult conditions for crafting prosthetics, by using some very specific methods and phases we were able to craft removable dentures. The 56 year old patient came to our clinic for removable dentures, after reconstructive surgery on the rima orris, as a consequence of flame burning. After the plastic surgery, the patient had a micro stoma, and she needed an upper complete and lower partial denture. Because of the difficult work conditions and the inability to apply the impression trays, we made some modifications while taking the anatomical and functional im-prints. The whore crafting process went on normally, but with great caution both from our side and the patient’s with the sole purpose of returning and socializing the patient back into society with a smile of gratitude.



80BULENT PISKIN ANKARA-Turkey



Author: BULENT PISKIN-GULHANE MILITARY MEDICAL ACADEMY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;NILUFER CELEBI BERIAT-HACETTEPE UNIVERSITY, PROSTHODONTICS;CUMHUR SIPAHI-GULHANE MILITARY MEDICAL ACADEMY, DE-PARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: DETERMINING AND RECORDING OF MANDIBULAR PROTRUSION RANGE WITH A FACE-BOW FOR MANDIBULAR ADVANCEMENT DEVICE



Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a serious life-threatening disorder characterized by repeti-tive cessation of respiration during sleep. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the gold standart for the treatment of severe OSA patients. However, CPAP therapy is not comfort-able for 60% percentage of all patients. Another treatment modality is surgical approaches, but complication risk could result in denial of treatment from many of patients.Mandibular ad-vancement splints (MASs) are one of the most important treatment choice for mild to moder-ate obstructive sleep apnea patients. Ease of fabrication, low cost, and rare complication risk make more popular these devices. Accurate determination and transfer of mandibular protru-sion level is very critical for the success of the splint. However, yet few techniques have been proposed for determination of mandibular protrusion range with transfer it to articulators. In the present study, we aimed to describe the usage of a face-bow in the transfer of maxillomandibu-lar relationship after the determination of mandibular protrusion level for a dentate, moderate obstructive sleep apnea patient.



142ANDREI OANA-CELLA BUCHAREST-Romania

Institute: UMF CAROL DAVILA BUCHAREST

Specialty: PROSTHETICS

Author: ANDREI OANA-CELLA-UMF CAROL DAVILA BUCHAREST DEPARTMENT OF REMOVABLE PROSTHODONTICS;TANASESCU ALICE-UMF CAROL DAVILA BUCHAREST DEPART-MENT OF REMOVABLE PROSTHODONTICS;FARCASIU ALEXANDRU-TITUS-UMF CAROL DAVILA BUCHAREST DEPARTMENT OF REMOVABLE PROSTHODONTICS;MARGARIT RUXANDRA-UMF CAROL DAVILA BUCHAREST DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE ODON-TOTHERAPY

Title: STATISTICAL ANALISYS OF REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURES WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF ATTACHMENTS



Purpose: The study investigates the frequency of recalls of the patients wearing removable partial dentures with different attachments and identifies what component is most frequently subject of repair. Methods and Materials: The study included 43 patients, 14 men and 29 women, aged between 35 and 80 years, from a private clinic in Bucharest, Romania over a period of 8 years (2004-2012). Data were registered about age, gender, general health, dental health (periodontal disease) and parafunctions (bruxism), edentulous arch wearing the den-ture, number and type of repairs, number of annual changes of the components, periodical relining and repairs. For data analyses and the relevance of the study we used Microsoft Excel and the ANOVA method. Results: Most of the patients in this study did come to the recalls for different reasons, most common being changing the plastic components of some attachments (69.34%), relining (16.06%) or the fracture of the acryl, composite or ceramic tooth located above the attachment (13.14%). Connector’s components fracture (opposing arms) has a low incidence (1.46%). The study is statistically relevant, p: 0.0423. Conclusions: Removable par-tial dentures with attachments need annual recall and periodically relining in order to regain their initial function. Despite emphasizing these facts by both verbal and written instructions, most patients neglect the annual recall until they detect either a change in the masticatory efficiency or a fracture. In most situations, problems that occur can be solved without having to make a new prosthesis. Keywords: removable partial dentures, attachments, changeable components, relining, fracture, repair



143OGNJAN TIVCHEV VARNA-Bulgaria

Institute: FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY- VARNA


Author: OGNJAN TIVCHEV*-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY VARNA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY*;SIMEON SIMEONOV-MEDICAL UNI-VERSITY VARNA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY;IVETA KATREVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY VARNA, FACULTY OF DENTAL MED-ICINE, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY;MINKO MILEV-DENTAL TECHNICIAN LABORATORY

Title: A CASE OF PALATOSCHISIS TREATED WITH FLEXIBLE PROSTHESIS



ABSTRACT MISSING



164TAHA YASAR MANAV KAYSERI-Turkey

Author: EMEL KIRAC -ERCIYES UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTH-ODONTICS ;TAHA YASAR MANAV-ERCIYES UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY DE-PARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS ;IKBAL LEBLEBICIOGLU-ERCIYES UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS ;AYTAC YASAR-ERCIYES UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS ;MUSTAFA TAHA YASAR-ERCIYES UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

Title: A MODIFIED PROSTHETIC APPROACH FOR MANDIBULAR LINGUAL TORUS: CASE RE-PORT



A 55 year old female patient was consulted to the prosthodontology department of Erciyes Unıversity Dentistry Faculty with the complaint of her existing partial removable dentures. In her clinical examination it was observed that her main complaint was from her lower jaw where she has mandibular lingual torus bilaterally. She had severe irritation areas especially on the lingual sides where she has exostoses. The first treatment plan included a resectional surgery of her torusus. However after the consultation of her systemic condition, it was observed that a resectional surgery couldn’t be done. Under these circumstances the treatment plan was turned into a conventional modified approach in order to fabricate a new lower removable par-tial denture.



202EDIT XHAJANKA TIRANA-Albania

Institute: DEPARTMENT OF DENTISTRY,FACULTY OF MEDICINE

Specialty: REMOVABLE PROSTHODONTICS

Author: EDIT XHAJANKA-DEPARTMENT OF DENTISTRY,FACULTY OF MEDICINE;ALKETA QAF-MOLLA-;ENDRIT PAPARISTO-;MALDI XHELILI-;BLERTA LILA-

Title: PATIENT INVOLVEMENT IN APPEARANCE, FUNCTION AND PREFERENCES TOWARD TOOTH SELECTION



The artificial teeth selection for removable dentures is a collaboration process between the dentist and the patient. The aim of the study: is to identify patient’s opinions and preferences in relation to the importance placed on denture appearance, function and involvement in the selection of artificial tooth shade and mould. Material and method : 100 edentulous patients completed a questionnaire relating their involvement in the selection of artificial teeth, denture appearance and function. Responses were recorded using the grading system; 1- Strongly agree’; 2-Agree’; 3-Neither agree’ or disagree’; 4- Disagree’; 5- Strongly disagree’. Results and discussion: 76% of patients wanted to take part in choosing the shape, mould and size of artificial teeth; 86% wanted to take part in choosing the color; 54% prefer to choose the dentist the artificial tooth mould; 48% prefer to choose the dentist the artificial tooth color; 68% identify as most important the function to the aesthetic; 94% agree` that aesthetics and function are both equally important. Conclusions: Patients considered denture function more important than appearance. The majority wanted to be involved in the selection of tooth shade and mould. Pa-tient selection of shade mould and arrangement appropriate to a patient`s chronologic age and sex is not reliable although patients tended to select more suitable anterior teeth for the elderly.



203EDIT XHAJANKA TIRANA-Albania


Specialty: REMOVABLE PROSTHODONTICS

Author: EDIT XHAJANKA-DEPARTMENT OF DENTISTRY,FACULTY OF MEDICINE;ENDRIT PA-PARISTO-;ALKETA QAFMOLLA-;MALDI XHELILI-;ELTON GJINI-

Title: FREQUENCY OF DEVELOPMENT OF PALATAL TORUS AND ITS INFLUENCE IN THE RE-MOVABLE PROSTHETICS



The Prosthetic treatment with removable partial and total prosthesis becomes difficult in the case of a very developed palatal torus, that influents on the prosthesis function and stability. The aim of the study is: To determine the type (1-5) of palatal torus; - To determine the treat-ment; To see the results obtained according to the chosen method of treatment; To Identify the different ways in handling the same case and to select the ideal. Material and methods: We have studied 200 models of the upper jaw, In 7% of cases was present the developed palatal torus. We made the classifications based on the configuration and localization. By localization we divided it into 5 forms. For length measurement was used Dental Floss, being adopted in landscape of hard palate . The floss was measured in caliber. The treatment is made in pros-thetic way with cement coating, resilient materials or bullet sheet (0.2 to 0.6 mm). Results: From measurements and localization were observed that 1% belonged to class 1, 2% belonged to class 3, 4% belonged to class 5. Conclusion: Prosthetic discharge treatment of palatal torus showed that it is a non-invasive method and gives good results, omitting wounds and injuries in this area. The best results are achieved by the use of elastic materials.



237TODOR UZUNOV SOFIA-Bulgaria

Institute: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTEMENT OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY


Author: TODOR UZUNOV-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTEMENT OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY;JANINA PAVLOVA-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY, DEPARTEMENT OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY;ANDON FILCHEV-MEDICAL UNI-VERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTEMENT OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY

Title: REASONS FOR THE DURATION OF THE ADAPTATION PERIOD TO REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURES



The aim of this study is to identify the factors that influence the adaptation to removable partial dentures and can become a cause for the prolongation of the adaptation period. Material and methods: Partially edentuous patients with removable partial dentures made by students from fourth and fifth course, studying at Department of prosthetic dentistry in the FDM-Sofia has been investigated. Questionnaire was developed in two parts. The first part includes questions about the prosthetic conditions and objective examination of the patient and is completed by the dentist. The second part includes questions to the patients, divided into 5 groups: 1. Previ-ous experience with prostheses and duration of their use; 2. Evaluation of the comfort of the new dentures; 3. Questions about feeding with dentures; 4. About phonetics and 5. Regarding aesthetics of dentures. Each patient has passed three scheduled checkups. Results: A statisti-cal data processing has been done. The main factors influencing the habituation to removable partial dentures has been determined. An assessment of the significance level of each factor for the period of adaptation to removable partial dentures has been made. The time required for the overcoming of any problems and the time for adaptation to new dentures has been recorded. Conclusion: The subjective and objective reasons which can lead to prolongation of the periods of adaptation to removable partial dentures has been clarified and must be taken into consideration in the elaboration of removable partial dentures. Keywords: removable par-tial dentures, factors, adaptation



360MERVE ÇAKIRBAY Turkey Author: MERVE ÇAKIRBAY-GAZI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;BURAK TANIŞ-GAZI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPAR-MENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;NIHAL PEHLIVAN-GAZI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY DEPARMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: APPLICATION OF MAXILLARY TOOTH SUPPORTED OVERDENTURE



The overdenture is defined as a removable partial denture or complete denture that covers and is partially supported by natural teeth, natural tooth roots and / or dental implant. Overdenture therapy is essentially a preventive prosthodontic concept since it attempts to conserve the few remaining natural teeth. When there is difficulty in using complete dentures, poor prognosis of supporting teeth of removable partial denture, the presence of severe attrition, congenital or acquired defects and class III malocclusion overdenture prosthesis can be used. These restorations provide esthetic, function and phonation well. The major advantages of overden-tures are to help overcome many of the problems posed by conventional complete dentures like progressive bone loss, poor stability and retention, loss of periodontal proprioception and low masticatory efficiency and the patients’ adaptation period decreases. Also they can be converted in complete denture when existing teeth are extracted and serve as a transition den-tures which help to adjust patient for complete denture. Significant problems of overdentures are increased susceptibility of overdenture abutments to dental caries, over contour, encroach-ment of inter-occlusal space and additional cost and patient responsibilities. The success of overdentures depends on maintaining oral hygiene at an adequate level. This case report de-scribes application of maxillary tooth supported overdenture and mandibular complete denture.



4MEHMET SAHIN OGUZCAN ANKARA-Turkey

Author: MEHMET SAHIN OGUZCAN-MINISTRY OF HEALTH OSMANLI DENTAL HOSPITAL;GURKAN GUR-ANK UNV DIS HEKIMLIGI FAKULTESI

Title: CLINICAL TRIAL OF THREE CONTEMPORARY BONDING SYSTEMS



Aim: Contemporary dental adhesives show favorable immediate results in terms of bonding effectiveness.It appears that simplification of adhesive techniques is rather detrimental to the long- term stability of resin-tooth interface.In study evaluated the 1 year clinical performance of ethanol/water-based all in one dental adhesive,2step selfetchsystem containing a waterbased primer and 3step totaletch system. Materials and Methods: In study 34 patients 3anterior teeth caries, resulting a total of 102 restorations. 3 adhesive systems used with the same light cured universal microhybrid composite. All bond universal is alight cured single component dental bonding agent that combines etching ,priming and bonding in one bottle, Clearfil se bond is a selfetching primer/light-cured bonding system and adper scotch bond mp plus is a totaletch system that involves seperate components.The restorations were evaluated a calibreted ex-aminer using the Ryge criteria, color match, marginal discoloration, wear or loss of anatomical form, caries, marginal adaptation and surface texture were examined. Result: Every group has only one restoration had a rating (C) for both color match and marginal discoloration and need-ed to be replaced.After 1 year for each group the succsess rate is 96,4% . statistical analysis showed no significant differences among three groups in marginal discoloration, wear or loss of anatomical form, marginal adaptation and surface texture.Statistically significant differences were determined for each group with the same criteres. Conclusion:study showed that early loss of retention may not be the main cause of adhesive system failure, the clinical effective-ness of all in one, selfetch, totaletch systems are comparable to each other.



39EUGENIA KOLINIOTOU-KOUMPIA THESSALONIKI-Greece

Institute: ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY

Specialty: ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR

Author: PANTELIS KOUROS 1 D.D.S. PH.D-1.RESEARCH ASSOCIATE, DEPARTMENT OF OPERA-TIVE DENTISTRY, OF DENTAL SCHOOL, ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI, GREECE;IOANNA TSACHOURIDOU2* D.D.S, -2.DENTIST;ANASTASIA VIOLESTI 3-3.UN-DERGRADUATE STUDENT;EUGENIA KOLINIOTOU-KOUMPIA4D.D.S. PH.D.-4.ASSOCI-ATE PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY, OF DENTAL SCHOOL, ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI, GREECE

Title: MINIMAL INVASIVE TECHNIQUES RESTORING ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR TEETH



Background Modern dentistry recognizes that an artifact is of less biological value than the original tissue. This sentence is the central idea of minimal invasive dentistry. Minimizing inter-vention to hard dental tissues is maximizing respect to biological and functional factors. This is not only significant but could be the leading factor for the treatment planning and the choice of the materials to be used. The introduction of current adhesive techniques with predictable and stable results creates alternative treatment plans less intervasive to dental tissues. This paper presents two cases treated in the manners of minimal invasive dentistry. Methods and Materi-als A case of teeth crowding which was combined with discolorations caused by decay and decalcification, treated directly in one appointment with the use of composite resins. Changes have been made to the shape, the color and the texture of the teeth to result to a more pleas-ant and functional result. The second case presented concerns preservation of the proximal ridge of a premolar when preparing a class II restoration. The access to the proximal surface achieved via the cavity to the adjacent proximal premolar prior restoration. Results The tech-niques used in these cases resulted to a functional and aesthetic outcome minimizing hard tis-sue loss Conclusion “No-touch” or “as less as possible” techniques combined with proper and current adhesive techniques can lead to predictable clinical results with respect to hard tissues of the teeth.



78VLADIMIR MATVIJENKO KOSOVSKA MITROVICA-Serbia

Institute: MEDICINSKI FAKULTET KOS. MITROVICA


Author: VLADIMIR MATVIJENKO-MEDICINSKI FAKULTET- ODSEK STOMATOLOGIJA KOS. MITROVICA;MILAN ŽIVKOVIĆ-;DRAGAN MARJANOVIĆ-;GORAN VIDENOVIĆ-;LJILJANA KOSTIĆ-ŠUBARIĆ-

Title: PROPERTIES OF DENTAL ENAMEL AFTER APPLICATION OF 30% CARBAMIDE PEROX-IDE FOR TEETH WHITENING



Tooth whitening is a procedure that removes stains and various discolorations of tooth surface .. Discoloration of teeth may be endogenous and exogenous nature. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of bleaching combined with daily use of drinks that cause tooth discol-oration. Evaluated the changes in surface structure of enamel, and changes in hardness after bleaching. Were 30 extracted teeth. The teeth are marked with longitudinal lines halves (medial vestibular and distal surfaces). Treated mesial half of the 30% carbamide peroxide, a distal was left as control. NDT device PCE-2000, duroskop method of enamel hardness was mea-sured before treatment, after treatment and after remineralization. Olympus inverted micro-scope GX41 enamel structures were observed in the treated and control half of the tooth. After bleaching there is a difference compared to the untreated surface, that surface is bleached a few shades lighter, but after the use of coffee and soft drinks teeth back to the original dark color. Enamel microhardness after the treatment is somewhat small but not significant. With a magnification of 1000x and see the structural changes in enamel. Tooth whitening, but that the remineralization and the abstinence from prebojenih beverages and tobacco.



100MUSTAFA ERSOY ISTANBUL-Turkey

Institute: YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTİSTRY


Author: MUSTAFA ERSOY-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY DEPARTMEN OF RESTORATIVE DENTIST-RY;-;-;-;-Title: RESTORING FUNCTION AND ESTHETICS IN A PATIENT WITH AMELOGENESIS IMPER-FECTA: A CASE REPORT.



Aim: The purpose of this case report is to present the esthetic and functional rehabilitation of the teeth in a 24-year-old patient with Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI). Background: AI is a group of hereditary defects of enamel, unassociated with any other generalized defects. It is a rare developmental abnormality of the enamel, with a variable occurrence of approximately 1:4000 to1:14000 in Western populations. Al results in poor development or complete absence of the enamel of the teeth caused by improper differentiation of the ameloblasts. Report: The diagno-sis and treatment planning was made of a young male patient with amelogenesis imperfecta. The occlusal and buccal surfaced of teeth were restored using indirect composites for the ap-plication of braces on maxillary and mandibular teeth. The wisdom teeth were also extracted. Maxillary and mandibular surgical interventions were completed by orthognatic surgery. Fol-lowing surgery and healing period, full crown preparations were made for all teeth of the patient and zirconia crowns were fabricated. After the adjustment of zirconia crowns, treatment was completed by final cementation. Conclusion: Challenging cases presented in this case report can be managed with the collaborative approach of orthodontics, surgery and restorative den-tistry. Zirconia crowns serve as good options for the provision of a favorable esthetic appear-ance.



118EMRE OZEL KOCAELI-Turkey


Specialty: OPERATIVE DENTISTRY

Author: ERTAN TASKINSEL-KUSADASI STATE HOSPITAL;EMRE OZEL-UNIVERSITY OF KOCAELI;ELIF OZTURK-UNIVERSITY OF KOCAELI

Title: COLOR STABILITY OF RESIN COMPOSITES AFTER IMMERSING IN SPORTS DRINKS



COLOR STABILITY OF RESIN COMPOSITES AFTER IMMERSING IN SPORTS DRINKS Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two sports drinks on color stability of a micro- and a nano-hybrid resin composites. Methods and Materials: A total of 64 disk-shaped specimens (diameter: 8 mm and thickness: 2 mm) were made from two different resin composites (Cavex Quadrant Universal LC, and Clearfil APX). Eight specimens for each group were cured under mylar strips for 40 seconds from the top and the bottom surfaces. All of the specimens were stored in distilled water for 24h at 37°C. The specimens were polished with polishing discs (Optidisc,Kerr,CA,USA). Color measurements of each specimen were per-formed using a spectrophotometer(Vita Easy Shade) according to the CIEL*a*b* color scale at baseline and after seven days of immersion in two different sports drinks (Powerade and Buzz-er). Color changes (ΔE values) of the groups were recorded. The data were statistically ana-lyzed using Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests (p<0.05). Results: There were statistically no differences at baseline for the two different composites(p>0.05). Significant differences in the ΔE values of the experimental groups were indentified after seven days of immersion(p<0.05). The highest level of the mean color change was observed in the Clearfil APX specimens im-mersed in Powerade(ΔE=3.5±0.9)(p<0.05). The lowest mean color change values were from the Cavex specimens immersed in Powerade(ΔE=2.5±0.6) and Buzzer(ΔE=2.5±0.6). Conclu-sion: The tested sports drinks in the present study caused color changes at a 7-day evaluation period for the two different resin composites.



165GİZEM SAYGILI ANKARA-Turkey

Institute: ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DEN-TISTRY

Author: GİZEM SAYGILI-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RE-STORATIVE DENTISTRY;PERİHAN ÖZYURT-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY

Title: BLEACHING TREATMENT AT DENTAL FLUOROSIS: A CASE REPORT



Dental fluorosis occurs with enamel formation displasia during tooth development, due to ex-cessive fluoride intake during early childhood. According to the degree of fluoride intake; in light forms of fluorosis while the changes are not observed on the surface of teeth, they are quite resistant to decay formation. In moderate and severe forms of fluorosis, teeth discoloration and surface irregularities occur. In this case, our patient was a 24 years old Palestinian man with moderate fluorozis.Home and office bleaching treatments were applied at the same time. ( for 4 weeks home bleaching and 5 sessions office bleaching with 1 week interval) According to the results of bleaching treatment direct composite laminate was applied on to the maxillary incisors.



167ÖMER CAN ÖZTÜRK ANKARA-Turkey


Author: ÖMER CAN ÖZTÜRK-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;HANDE ERKLI-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;OSMAN GÖKAY-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY

Title: DIASTEMA CLOSURE WITH COMBINATION OF ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT AND DI-RECT COMPOSITE APPLICATION: A CASE REPORT



Background:A healthy and attractive smile is valued today’s society. Presence of an open space or gap between two adjacent teeth, named diastema, can be very displeasing to a per-sons’ smile. People want to improve their appearance. The treatment can be provided by orth-odontic, restorative or prosthodontic techniques. Sometimes combination of the techniques is needed. This paper reviews combination of orthodontic treatment and direct composite tech-nique to closure diastemas. Case Report: A 28 years-old female has referred to Restorative Dentistry Department of Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry with her aesthetics complaints. There were severe diastemas between maxillary central and lateral incisors. The size of diaste-mas was different and there were also axe rotations of lateral incisors. Alternative restorative procedures were examined and a simple orthodontic treatment followed by direct composite restoration were preferred. An orthodontic apparatus was made to use along 3months in order to homogenize diastemas. Then, all the diastemas were closured by a nanohybrid composite resin: The teeth to be restored were acid etched, bonding procedure was applied and com-posite resin was placed. Particular attention was given to the counturing of the apical finish line of restorations. Finishing/polishing of restorations were made with discs and rainbow rub-ber points. Conclusions: This paper highlighted some esthetic principles relevant to clinical practice and how these principles could put in practice. Two treatment techniques can be use together to close diastema. It is more easy to give answer for patients having aesthetics needs with developments in adhesive dentistry and composite resins.



170MEHMET TARTICI ANKARA-Turkey


Author: MEHMET TARTICI-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;GÜLBIKE DEMIREL-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;GÜRKAN GÜR-ANKARA UNI-VERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;-;-

Title: MASKING LABIAL WHITE SPOT LESIONS WITH RESIN INFILTRATION TECHNIQUE: A CASE REPORT



Background: Buccal enamel caries lesions are a frequent adverse effect of orthodontic treat-ment with fixed appliances. Fixed orthodontic appliances make it difficult to clean the area around the brackets and thus promote plaque accumulation and caries formation when oral hy-giene is insufficient. After bracket removal, the lesions can be arrested by preventive measures but still may represent a severe esthetic impairment. Several techniques have been proposed to improve the appearance of white spot lesions. The common treatment strategy for white spot lesions comprises restorative procedures, improvement of reminealization using fluoride containing products, microabrasion and argon-laser irradiation. Recently, ‘resin infiltration tech-nique’ was introduced with the development of highly-flowable resin material. The following case report describes the effect of resin infiltration technique to mask white spots that was de-tected after debonding of fixed orthodontic appliance and calculus removal. Case Report: A 21 years-old male has referred to Restorative Dentistry Department of Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry with his aesthetics complaints. The patient’s history included orthodontic treatment 3 years ago and the white spot lesions had existed since brackets were removed. Resin infiltra-tion was performed on the labial side of the anterior teeth. Conclusions: An immediate improve-ment of the esthetic appearance is achieved and remained stable until the 10-month follow-up.



172GÜRKAN GÜR ANKARA-Turkey



Author: GÜRKAN GÜR-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RE-STORATIVE DENTISTRY;GÜLBIKE DEMIREL-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;MEHMET TARTICI-ANKARA UNI-VERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY

Title: WATER SORPTION AND SOLUBILITY OF SELF-ADHESIVE RESIN-BASED DENTAL LUT-ING AGENTS



Aim:Luting agents are widely uses for ceramic and composite inays and onlays cementation. Water sorption and solubility of these materials could be a primary cause of restoration failure. The aim of this study was to compare, water absorption and the solubility after water storage of new self-adhesive resin cements with resin modified, self-curing, glass-ionomer luting ce-ment. Material and methods: Thirty disks (10×1 mm) of one resin modified, self-curing, glass-ionomer luting cement and two dual-cure, self adhesive, resin cements (ten disks for each one) were prepared according to manufactures instructions. After setting, they were desiccated and weighed. After the first measurement each specimen were immersed in distillate water for 7 days, then removed and weighed again to calculate the level of water sorption. Then disks were again desiccated and weighed to calculate the level of solubility. Solubility and water sorption values were calculated from these different measures. Data were analyzed using a 2-way analysis of variance at a significance level of 0,5. Results and Conclusion: The water absorption and solubility of dual-cure, self adhesive, resin cements were significantly lower than resin modified, self-curing, glass-ionomer luting cement. It is suggested that the new self-adhesive resin cements exhibited a favorable mechanical properties.



173ISMAIL HAKKI BALTACIOĞLU ANKARA-Turkey


Author: ISMAIL HAKKI BALTACIOĞLU-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DE-PARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;MEHMET ŞAHIN OĞUZCAN-REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF HEALTH OSMANLI ORAL AND DENTAL HEALTH CENTER;GÜL DINÇ-ADNAN MENDERES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RE-STORATIVE DENTISTRY

Title: EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT MOUTH RINSES ON COLOUR STABILITY OF INCISAL AND TRANSLUCENT RESIN COMPOSITES



Objectives: the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 5 commercially available mouth rinses on the color stability of 3 different resin composite restorative materials. Methods: 75 disc-shaped speciments (10x1 mm) were prepared from each of the following materials: Incisal shade composite Voco Grandio “I” ; incisal shade composite Bisco Aelite Lt gray and translu-cent shade composite Filtek™ Ultimate Universal Restoratif “AT”. The specimens were then incubated in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours. The baseline color values (L, a, b) of each specimen were measured with a colorimeter according to the MINOLTA color scale. After baseline color measurements, 5 randomly selected specimens from each group were immersed in 1 of the 5 mouth rinses. The specimens were stored in 20 mL of each mouth rinse (Oral B 3D white luxe, Colgate plax, Listerine Cool mint, sensodyne pronamel and Real Mundspülung sensetive) for 12 hours. After immersion, the color values of all specimens were remeasured, and the color change value DeltaE was calculated. Data were analyzed using a 2-way analysis of variance at a significance level of 0,5. Results: All specimens displayed color changes after immersion, however, the change was not visually perceptible (DeltaE*ab<3.3). Differences among restorative materials and the interaction between the effect of mouth rinses and type of restorative materials were varied statistically.



180GÜLBIKE DEMIREL ANKARA-Turkey



Author: GÜLBIKE DEMIREL-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;GÜRKAN GÜR-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;MEHMET TARTICI-ANKARA UNI-VERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY

Title: REPRODUCE GINGIVAL ARCHITECTURE BY RESTORATIVE APPROACH: A CASE RE-PORT



Cervical lesions, which have been found to be present in 85% of the population, can be con-sidered as a major problem to restore with composite resin materials. When composite resins are applied to teeth with gingival recession, the tooth-colored restorations would make the teeth appear very long and eventually may lead to unaesthetic appearances. In such cases, gingiva-shade composites would be considered a good alternative to tooth-colored resins. These new resin-based gingiva-shade composites correct the aesthetic deficits of gingival recession by framing the teeth with material in a similar color to the gingival tissue. More im-portantly, this treatment option provides an aesthetic, economical, and practical clinical solution to patients. This study represents a clinical technique that describes the placement of gingiva-shade composite and demonstrates the application of these procedures on an actual clinical case. Case Presentation:A 53 years-old male has referred to Restorative Dentistry Department of Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry with a chief complaint of sensitivity in maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth. On examination, there was recession of the cervical abrasions due to vigorous use of tooth brush. The restoration of cervical defects and the reproduction of the gingival architecture had been achieved by using gingival-shade composite resin material. Conclusions:Gingival recession present major challenges to dentists. With the development of new gingiva-shaded composite resin materials, dentists can now directly apply these to the cervical area to correct the appearance of gingival recession. Products like this are not only cost-effective, but also minimally invasive, leading to patient satisfaction and highly aesthetic results.



211STELA PANTEQI

TIRANA-Albania


Author: PROF.DR.ADEM ALUSHI-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE TIRANA;ALBA KOSOSHOVARI-ALDENT UNIVERSITY;BESA KOTE-PRIVATE CLINIC;NINETA FINO-ALDENT UNIVERSITY

Title: THE USE OF DIRECT COMPOSITE VENEERS TO RESTORE OLD RESTORATIONS (CASE REPORT)



Background COMPONEER are a completely new class of direct composite veneers. They are polymerized, pre-fabricated nano-hybrid-composite enamel-shells, which combine the advan-tages of direct composite restoration with those of lab-made Veneers. They are manufactured industrially from a highly filled nano-hybrid-composite, which ensures excellent homogeneity and stability of the enamel shells. The extremely thin veneer coatings from 0.3 mm allow a high level of conservation of hard tooth substance during preparation. The shiny and naturally de-signed surface adds a look of vitality to the restoration. Materials and methods A female patient complaining about aesthetics presented herself in “Aldent” University clinic. After clinical and radiological examination, it was decided that the patient had to be treated with the Componeer system. It was decided to apply veneers in the frontal region 13,12,11,22,23. The left central incisor already has a full metal-ceramic crown. The exact form and measures of frontal teeth was determined by using Contour guide. Considering that the veneers are 0.3mm thick, the preparation of the vestibular surface was minimal, limited only in the enamel. Afterwards, the adhesive system was applied in accordance with Componeer system guidelines. The patient was subject to frequent inspections. Conclusion The use of Componeer system had very good aesthetic and functional results. The application of veneers resulted to be a minimal invasive method. The achieved results are time-resistant.



212STELA PANTEQI TIRANA-Albania


Author: PROF.DR.ADEM ALUSHI-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE TIRANA;ALBA KOSOSHOVARI-ALDENT UNIVERSITY;BESA KOTE-PRIVATE CLINIC;NINETA FINO-ALDENT UNIVERSITY

Title: THE USE OF DIRECT COMPOSITE VENEERS TO RESTORE OLD RESTORATIONS (CASE REPORT)



Background COMPONEER are a completely new class of direct composite veneers. They are polymerized, pre-fabricated nano-hybrid-composite enamel-shells, which combine the advan-tages of direct composite restoration with those of lab-made Veneers. They are manufactured industrially from a highly filled nano-hybrid-composite, which ensures excellent homogeneity and stability of the enamel shells. The extremely thin veneer coatings from 0.3 mm allow a high level of conservation of hard tooth substance during preparation. The shiny and naturally de-signed surface adds a look of vitality to the restoration. Materials and methods A female patient complaining about aesthetics presented herself in “Aldent” University clinic. After clinical and radiological examination, it was decided that the patient had to be treated with the Componeer system. It was decided to apply veneers in the frontal region 13,12,11,22,23. The left central incisor already has a full metal-ceramic crown. The exact form and measures of frontal teeth was determined by using Contour guide. Considering that the veneers are 0.3mm thick, the preparation of the vestibular surface was minimal, limited only in the enamel. Afterwards, the adhesive system was applied in accordance with Componeer system guidelines. The patient was subject to frequent inspections. Conclusion The use of Componeer system had very good aesthetic and functional results. The application of veneers resulted to be a minimal invasive method. The achieved results are time-resistant.



231EMRE OZEL KOCAELI-Turkey


Specialty: OPERATIVE DENTISTRY

Author: EMRE OZEL-UNIVERSITY OF KOCAELI;FETIYE KOLAYLI-UNIVERSITY OF KOCAELI;ELIF OZTURK-UNIVERSITY OF KOCAELI;DOGANHAN ER -UNIVERSITY OF KOCAELI

Title: ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT MOUTHRINSES AGAINST ORAL STREPTO-COCCI: AN IN VITRO STUDY



ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT MOUTHRINSES AGAINST ORAL STREPTO-COCCI: AN IN VITRO STUDY Background: The purpose of this in vitro study was to inves-tigate the antibacterial activity of various mouthrinses against five different oral streptococci. Methods and Materials: The antibacterial activities of mouthrinses (Andorex, Eludril and Kloro-ben) were evaluated against Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococ-cus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguinis and Streptococcus mutans by agar diffusion and disk diffusion tests. Plates containing Brain Heart Infusion agar and bacterial cell suspension (0.5 MacFarland) were prepared according to lawn technique. Holes 6 mm in diameter were made and partially filled with bacteriological agar. Then, 10 µL of each mouthrinses was applied at the shallow holes. After incubation 37oC for 24 hours, the growth inhibition zones were measured in millimeters. Disk diffusion test was additionally performed to compare with agar diffusion test. Statistical analyses were performed by using Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests (p<0.05). Results: There were significant difference between experimental groups except between Kloroben-Agar and Kloroben-Disc groups against Streptococcus sanguinis. Andorex-Disc (29.40±1.71) exhibited the most effective antibacterial activity against oral streptococci while the least was Eludril-Agar (10.40±0.69). Conclusion: Mouthrinses were exhibited anti-bacterial activity against oral streptococci. Disk diffusion test was presented higher antibacte-rial efficiency against to agar diffusion test.



234DIMITRIOS DIONYSOPOULOS THESSALONIKI-Greece


Author: DIONYSOPOULOS DIMITRIOS-ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI;KOLINIOTOU-KOUMPIA EUGENIA-ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI;PAPADOPOULOS KONTANTINOS-ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI

Title: INTERNAL ADAPTATION OF PREHEATING COMPOSITES AND FLOWABLE LINERS ON CLASS V RESTORATIONS



Background: It has been reported that preheating resin composites with a composite warmer increases the marginal adaptation of the restorations on dental tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of preheating composites and flowable liners on the marginal adap-tation of class V restorations. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five extracted human premolars were prepared with standardized class V cavity outlines (3mm x 2mm x 2mm). The cavities were randomly divided into 5 groups of 10 each, and restored according to manufacturer\’s instructions; Group 1: Preheating (55oC) composite resin (Filtek Z250), Group 2: Flowable composite resin (Filtek Flow), Group 3: Flowable composite resin (Filtek Flow) + composite resin (Filtek Z250) light-cured seperately, Group 4: Flowable composite resin (Filtek Flow) + composite resin (Filtek Z250) light-cured simultaneously, Group 5 (control): Composite resin (Filtek Z250) at room temperature (23oC). The specimens were then thermocycled, and cross-sectioned through the center of the restoration. Subsequently, impressions were taken, and epoxy resin replicas were made. The internal adaptation of the materials to the axial wall was analyzed under SEM with x500 magnification. Kruskal-Wallis test was conducted to evalu-ate internal gap formation at a level of significance of α=0.05. Results: The preheated com-posite resin (Group 1) showed better marginal adaptation than the room temperature groups (p<0.05). The combination of flowable composite resin with microhybrid composite resin which were light-cured separately (Group 3) exhibited better marginal adaptation than control group (Group 5), (p<0.05). Conclusion: Preheating composite resin restorations presented better marginal adaptation than room temperature restorations.



277ANESTIS NAVROZIDIS BOURNEMOUTH-United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Author: ANESTIS NAVROZIDIS-CRISCHURCH DENTAL PRACTICE

Title: AESTHETIC APPROACH ON POSTERIOR AREA BY EMULATING TOOTH STRUCURE WITH NEWEST COMPOSITE MATERALS



Clinical case initially with 37-36-35 old fillings to be replaced with composite materials.old fill-ings removed and surface prepared.enamel etched with othophosphoric acid and ready to be bonded.surface filled with flowable resin Hri-Enamel plus followed with polymerisation.dentine applied IPS Epress Direct modelling anatomy of the tooth.characterisation of fissures with or-ange and brown tints followed by grycerin layer and polymerisation.case showing the aesthetic outcome on posterior region after polishing with stones Astropol and silicone brushes and discs solf ex 3M.composite with differnt brightness-contrast boost showing clear chroma,material integration-fissure characterisations and shade of restorasion. new composite materials and layering technics and modern photography helps us emulate and present tooth restoration like natural tooth structure functionally and esthetically.



289KATERINA ZLATANOVSKA SHTIP-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: UNIVERSITY OF GOCE DELCEV

Specialty: FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES

Author: KATERINA ZLATANOVSKA-UNIVERSITY OF GOCE DELCEV, FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES;JULIJA ZARKOVA-UNIVERSITY OF GOCE DELCEV, FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES;ANA RADESKA-UNIVERSITY OF GOCE DELCEV, FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES;KIRO PAPAKOCA-UNIVERSITY OF GOCE DELCEV, FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES;IVONA KOVACEVSKA; LIDIJA POPOVSKA-UNIVERSITY OF GOCE DELCEV, FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES; PHO DENTAL CLINICAL CENTAR - SKOPJE

Title: ESSTHETIC RESTORATION WITHOUT PREPARATION (CASE REPORT)



Introduction: Esthetic restorations that closely resemble natural teeth color, shape and function are challenge for every dentist and desire of every patient. Contemporary composites allow us to make such restorations with minimal or no – preparations. Aim: The aim of the study was to present our case where for achieving better esthetic we made indirect composite veneer without preparation. Material and method: The patient, 21 years old female with irregular form of the upper left second incisor and depression of the arc in that segment the esthetic was disrupted. In this case due to enough space we decided to create veneer that would change the form and size of the incisor and because of the patient’s age we did not want to remove any healthy tissue and therefore we put the restoration of intact dental surface. The veneer was produced in dental technicians laboratory with micro filled, light-/heat curing composite (SR Adoro® Ivoclar Vivadent). After the try in was done, we isolated the other teeth and we cemented the veneer with adhesive technique using light-cure resin cement (Variolink Veneer ®). Results: Six –months follow up showed no changes in the color and shape, either change in marginal adaptation of the restoration. Conclusion: The Indirect method for producing veneers on intact teeth without preparation is noninvasive and successful clinical procedure with highly esthetic results.



295DAMLA DOGAN KIRIKKALE-Turkey

Author: DAMLA DOGAN*-KIRIKKALE UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;ESRA UZUMCU-KIRIKKALE UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;YUSUF BAYRAKTAR-KIRIKKALE UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;-;-

Title: POLYETHYLENE FIBER REINFORCED ADHESIVE BRIDGE APPLICATION: CASE REPORT



Background: In recent years, many good clinical results are obtained with polyethylene fi-bers because of that reason, the interest to polyethylene fibers increases. As an alternative to the traditional restorations in anterior single tooth deficiency, fiber reinforced adhesive bridges which are more preventive and economical method have been produced. This study reports the restoration and 1-year-follow up of a case of single tooth deficiency with Ribbond (Seattle, WA, USA), a poliethylene fiber pontic which is made of natural tooth to the adjacent teeth. Methods and Materials: After tooth extraction, crown was cut off from bottom of cemento-enamel junction. Pulp tissue was removed and crown washed with hydrogen peroxide against the possibility of discoloration. After applying 37% phosphoric acid, pulp chamber was washed and dried. After that, the bonding agent (Clearfil SE Bond, Kuraray, Osaka, Japan) was applied and filled with composite resin (Z250, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA). The groove is opened to created pontic, placed in polyethylene fiber size, mesio-distal direction. In accordance with the manufacturer\’s recommendations, ribbond material was applied to the teeth and polymerized. The surface flatness were obtained with composite finishing burs and polishing instruments. Results: At the end of one year, successful restoration of the patient\’s mouth, there is no dis-tortion of the tooth-composite connection, healthy teeth and gingival tissues were observed. Conclusion: Fiber-reinforced resin-retained bridges has been used successfully in chair-side applications and patients who can not tolerate prolonged treatment procedures and economic difficulty in meeting of more comprehensive treatments.



299ESRA UZUMCU KIRIKKALE-Turkey

Author: ESRA UZUMCU*-KIRIKKALE UNIVERSTY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;DAMLA DOGAN-KIRIKKALE UNIVERSTY FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY

Title: RESTORATION OF FLUOROSIS TOOTH WITH RESIN BASED COMPOSITE: CASE RE-PORT



Background: Today, resin-based composites represent one of the most important groups of materials in dental practice. Composite laminate veneers are esthetic restorations which are applied as an alternative to full veneer crowns using minimal tooth preparation especially in the anterior region for enamel defects. In addition this treatment is more economical and easier procedure than ceramic laminate. The study reports restoration and 1-year-follow up of a case of fluorosis tooth with resin based composite (Filtec Ultimate, 3M ESPE, USA). Metod and Materials: Teeth were polished with powder of pumice before teeth preparation. A 0.5 mm fa-cial reduction was prepared from enamel tissue. In addition, the finish line at the proximal and cervical aspects of the tooth preparation were extended and a rounded finish line throughout was prepared. After asid-etching and bonding prosedures (Clearfil Se bond, Kuraray, Japan), resin based composite was applied. The surface of teeth were smooth out by polishing discs. Results: At the end of one year, successful restoration of the patient\’s teeth, there is no stain-ing on the tooth surface, marginal adaptation is considerably fine. Conclusion: Definitive treat-ment outcomes in terms of function and esthetics satisfied the expectations of the patient who suffer from fluorosis.



348VERA STOJANOVSKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTAR “ST. PANTELEJMON”, SKOPJE

Specialty: CARIIOLOGY

Author: VERA STOJANOVSKA-UNIVERSITY DENTAL CLINICAL CENTAR “ST. PANTELEJMON”, SKOPJE; DPT OF CARIOLOGY AND ENDODONTICS;LIDIJA POPOVSKA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY–SKO-PJE; DPT OF CARIOLOGY AND ENDODONTICS;ILIJANA MURATOVSKA-FACULTY OF DENTIST-RY–SKOPJE; DPT OF CARIOLOGY AND ENDODONTICS;VERA RADOJKOVA-NIKOLOVA-FACUL-TY OF DENTISTRY–SKOPJE; DPT OF PERIONDONTOLOGY;ELENA STOJANOVSKA-PZU DENT EL SKOPJE

Title: SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF RESIN MODIFIED GLASS IONOMER CEMENT BONDED TO COMPOSITE RESTORATIVE MATERIALS



AIM: TO DETERMINATE THE SHEAR BOND STRENGTH (SBS) BETWEEN HARD DENTAL TIS-SUES AND COMPOSITE RESTORATION IN DEEP CAVITIES WITH OR WITHOUT USE OF A BASE AND TO DETERMINATE THE TYPE OF THE FRACTURE WITH RESTORATIVE MATERIALS IN VI-TRO. METHODS AND MATERIALS: WE USED 40 INTACT NON CARIOUS PERMANENT HUMAN THIRD MOLAR, EXTRACTED FROM ORTHODONTIC REASONS. THE ALL SPECIMENS WERE WET-GROUND AT AN ANGLE APPROXIMATELY AT 90°C TO THE LONG AXIS OF THE BOOTH, IN ORDER TO OBTAIN FLAT ENAMEL SURFACE. THEN ALL SPECIMENS WERE WET GROUND INTO ENAMEL AND DENTIN TO PROVIDE DEEP CAVITY. THE SPECIMENS WERE DIVIDED INTO TWO GROUPS: THE FIRST GROUP (FG) SPECIMENS WERE FILLED WITH COMPLETE ADHESIVE SYSTEM: 37% H3PO4, ADHESIVE-EXCITE AND COMPOSITE-TETRIC CERAM. IN THE SECOND GROUP (SG) WE USE BASE OF RESIN MODIFED FUJI II LC AND THE DEEP CAVITIES WERE FILLED WITH COMPLETE ADHESIVE SYSTEM: 37% H3PO4 ADHESIVE-EXCITE AND COMPOS-ITE-TETRIC CERAM. THE SPECIMENS WERE STORED IN DESTILLATED WATER AT 37°C FOR 24 HOURS. THE SBS WAS MEASURED AT A UNIVERSAL TESTING MACHINE AND THE FRAC-TURED SURFACES WERE EXAMINED UNDER SEM. RESULTS: OUR RESULTS SHOWS SIGNIFI-CANT DIFFERENT BETWEEN TWO GROUPS (P<0.001); THE MEAN VALUE OF SBS IN THE FG WAS 23.91 MPA VS. 17.45 MPA IN SG. THE SEM ANALYSIS INDICATED PERMANENT MARGINAL INTEGRITY WITH HYBRID LAYER IN THE FG, COMPARING WITH INCOMPLETE BONDING IN THE SG. CONCLUSION: THE SPECIMENS OF FILLED DEEP CAVITIES WITHOUT BASE SHOWED STRONGER SBS AND PERMANENT MARGINAL ADAPTATION.



361ALEKSANDRA ZUZA FOCA-Bosnia and Herzegovina

Institute: FACULTY OF MEDICINE FOCA


Author: ALEKSANDRA ZUZA-DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS, FACUL-TY OF MEDICINE FOCA, UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA;JELENA KRUNIC-DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS, FACULTY OF MEDICINE FOCA, UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA; NIKOLA STOJANOVIC-DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS, FACULTY OF MEDICINE FOCA, UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA;DJORDJE BOZOVIC-DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS, FACULTY OF MEDICINE FOCA, UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA;MIRJANA VUJASKOVIC-DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITY IN BELGRADE, SERBIA

Title: THE PREVALENCE OF NON-CARIOUS CERVICAL LESIONS IN RELATION TO ORAL HY-GIENE HABITS



The prevalence of non-carious cervical lesions in relation to oral hygiene habits ABSTRACT Background. Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) are a group of lesions that affect the cer-vical area of the teeth. Different aetiological factors have been reported, among them oral hygiene habits. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of NCCLs and to as-sess the influence of oral hygiene habits on their presence. Methods and materials. The study was conducted on 738 inhabitans of Republic of Srpska, aged 16-70 years (mean age 37,75 ±16,45). Data were collected through clinical examination and questionnaire. According to NCCL presence, the participants were divided into two groups, the control group (without NC-CLs) and the test group (NCCLs). Presence of NCCLs was analysed in relation to oral hygiene habits (toothbrushing frequency, method of brushing, type of toothbrush, brushing force, and intervals for exchange of toothbrush). Results. Of all the subjects examined, 52% had at least one NCCL. The presence of NCCLs was related to brushing teeth more than twice a day (p<0.001), performance of horizontal brushing technique (p<0.05), exchange the toothbrush at intervals of 1-3 months (p<0.05) and grater force applied during toothbrushing (p<0.05). Tooth-brush hardness had no influence on presence of NCCLs. Conclusion. NCCLs are a common finding in investigated population and their presence is related to certain oral hygiene habits.



377SOLEY ARSLAN KAYSERI-Turkey

Author: SOLEY ARSLAN-ERCIYES UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;SEZER DEMIRBUGA-ERCIYES UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;MUHAMMED CAYABATMAZ-ERCIYES UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY;YAKUP USTUN-ERCIYES UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPART-MENT OF ENDODONTICS

Title: IN VITRO EVALUATION OF MICROSHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF CONVENTIONAL AND NEW GENERATION FLOWABLE COMPOSITE RESINS



In Vitro Evaluation of Microshear Bond Strength of Conventional and New Generation Flow-able Composite Resins Background: Strong, durable bonds between restorative materials and tooth substrate are essential. The aim of this study was to evaluate microshear bond strength of conventional and new generation flowable composite resins Methods and Materials: Sixty noncarious extracted human third molar were used in this study. Oclusal surfaces were re-moved to obtain flat dentinal surfaces. Specimens were divided into three groups according to adhesive system applied (Group I:Tetric N Bond; Group II: Adper Single Bond 2; Group III: Clearfil SE Bond ), and each group was divided into two subgroups according to flowable com-posite resins used (Group A: Aelite Flo LV; Group B: Surefil SDR Flow). In each group, while half of the samples was applied thermal aging, the other half of the samples was considered as the control. Microshear bond strength were tested. Results: Generally, in both control and ag-ing applied groups, the bond strength values of the Clearfil SE Bond applied groups were found significantly higher than the Adper Single Bond 2 and Tetric N Bond applied groups. In both control and aging applied groups, the values of the microshear bond strength in SDR applied groups were found significantly higher than the values of the Aelite Flow LW applied groups. Conclusion: The use of the new generation fluid composite and two-step self-etch adhesives at the same time has increased the bond strength significantly.



380PEPI NINESKA SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia



Author: NINESKA PEPI-PRIVATE DENTAL PRACTICE;STAVROVA BILJANA-PRIVATE DEN-TAL OFFICE BLEK-KAVADARCI ;ELENCEVSKA APOSTOLSKA SONJA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;RADOJKOVA NIKOLOVSKA VERA-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY;NIKOLOVSKI BRUNO-PRIVATE DENTAL PRACTICE

Title: THERAPEUTIC POSSIBILITIES AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES OF DENTAL EROSION



Aim: The purpose of our article is to review the prevalence of dental erosion at patients, and to develop preventive and restorative methods. Material and method: For this article 40 patients were identified with the presence of dental erosion in different progressive phase. Further, anamnestic risk factors are discussed with respect to their relevance for the development of dental erosion. Results: Our strategy for the treatment of dental erosion was : Identification of etiological and potentional risk factors. Obtaining therapy which depend of the case: impreg-nation with fluoride ,glassionomer or resin composite restorations, providing education and identification of the cause and taking measurements for reducing it. Conclusion: The preven-tion and control of tooth erosion is dependent on the early recognition of tooth tissue loss and other signs and symptoms which may be associated with the causes. A careful history taking must be combined with the recognition of sensitive personal issues which the patient may not wish to disclose . Lifestyle choices are increasingly recognized as important factors for dental erosion. Key words: dental erosion, risk factors.


OTHER

19ZEYNEP OZKURT-KAYAHAN ISTANBUL-Turkey

Institute: YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY


Author: IDIL DIKBAS-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS,ISTANBUL, TURKEY;ZEYNEP OZKURT-KAYAHAN-YEDITEPE UNI-VERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS,ISTANBUL, TURKEY;FATMA UNALAN-ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPART-MENT OF PROSTHODONTICS,ISTANBUL, TURKEY

Title: EVALUATION OF STUDENT PERCEPTIONS ON PRECLINICAL PROSTHODONTIC PRO-GRAM


Area of view: Other

Background: The aim of this study was to obtain information among 2 dental schools regarding preclinical students’ perception, stress levels and preparedness for their future clinical studies. Methods and Materials: This study was conducted on the second year students in one private (Yeditepe University, n:48) and one state dental school (Istanbul University, n:57) in Istanbul. The questionnaire created by Sukotjo et al. was used for obtaining data consisted of questions about students’ opinions about their stress levels in preclinical exercises of fixed prostheses, complete and removable partial dentures as well as adequacy of knowledge they received from their preclinical training. Data obtained was classified statistically and comparable data was statistically analyzed using the chi-square test. Results: For all issues of prosthodontics, private school students’ answers had statistically significant differences in terms of adequacy of the knowledge received from didactic training for preclinical exercises; adequacy of the knowledge obtained from lectures in preparing for clinical practice; and adequacy of tutorials or problem based learning (PBL) in helping them understand pre-clinical and clinical knowledge and skills, compared to the state school (p<0.05). The scoring “not stressful” for complete and removable partial dentures was given with a significantly higher prevalence by the students of the private school compared to the state school (p<0.05). Conclusion: Dental school instruc-tors must provide a well-established program for the students and educational curriculum must be regularly evaluated and updated that is beneficial for the dental student who is expected to start serving the public in the near future.


OTHER

37NATASHA DENKOVA SHTIP-Bulgaria

Institute: FACULTY OF MEDICAL SHTIP

Author: DENKOVA N-FACULTY OF MEDICAL SHTIP;ILJOVSKA S-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE;PAVLEVSKA M-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE;ALIMANI JAKUPI J-PRIVATE PRACTISE PREVENTIVA DENTAL;MAJSORCEVA M-FACULTY OF MEDICAL SKOPJE

Title: SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS AND HABITS OF MAINTENING ORAL HYGIENE


Area of view: Other

The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between the state of the socio-economic conditions and the habits of maintaining oral hygiene with students. Material and methodol-ogy - The survey comprises of selected groups of students(91) from Shtip, at the age of 15. The results from the data on the father’s occupation did not show statistically significant dif-ference between the obtained values and the values (p> 0.05) of the respondents from the experimental groups A and B. The data on the educational level of the father and the mother had statistically significant difference (p <0.01) in the values between the respondents from the experimental groups A and B. The values on the conditions in which the parents live show statistically significant difference when the number of bothers and sisters (p<0.01) between the experimental groups A and B is taken into consideration. Statistically significant difference has not been observed in the values (p> 0.05) regarding the conditions in which the respondents from the experimental groups A and B live. The results for the general knowledge about main-taining oral hygiene with children indicate that there is no statistically significant difference (p> 0.05) in the values obtained from the respondents from the experimental groups A and B. Oral health largely depends on the habits, attitudes and opinion of the current health behavior in the family. Parent’s information and education regarding children’s correct diet and oral hygiene at the earliest age represent highly effective measures to prevent the cavities occurrence. Key-words: socio-economic conditions, oral hygiene, cavities.


OTHER

38NATASHA DENKOVA SHTIP-Bulgaria

Institute: FACULTY OF MEDICAL SHTIP

Author: DENKOVA N-FACULTY OF MEDICAL SHTIP;POPOVSKA L-FACULTY OF DENTISTRY SKOPJE;NASHKOVA S-FACULTY OF MEDICAL SHTIP;PAVLEVSKA M-FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY SKOPJE;VENINOV F-FACULTY OF MEDICAL SKOPJE

Title: ORAL HYGIENE AND DENTAL MORBIDITY AT 15 YEAR OLD CHILDREN IN SHTIP


Area of view: Other

The main purpose of this study is to determine the correlation between the condition of the oral health and social - economic conditions and attitudes for development of the dental health among the children. The researches includes selected groups of pupils at the age of 15 years from Shtip to whom has been fulfilled socioeconomic factors of life and the indexes KEP, KIP, KIO and OHI were determined. The results of the questionnaire (pupil) indicate the conclusion that there is a statistically significant difference (p <0.01) for the difference of the values related to the influence of the dietary versus the oral health and when and how it should be maintained among the participants from the experimental groups A and B; There is no statistically signifi-cant difference (p <0.05) for the difference of the values related to the total KEP between the participants of the experimental group A. The total values for indexes KIP, KIO and OHI showed that in the experimental group A, the value for KIP was 2.91, OHI – 0.48, while the same values in the experimental group B were for KIP 2.46, KIO – 94.05 and OHI – 0.72. In the complex interaction of the predetermined factors of the environment from the realization of our study we can conclude that the same significantly affect the prevalence of the dental caries among children on school age from Shtip (probably, other factors has an influence for that as well) which were not a subject of our investigations. Keywords: social economic conditions, karies, preventions.


OTHER

74MERVE BANKOGLU GUNGOR ANKARA-Turkey

Author: SECIL KARAKOCA NEMLI-DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY, GAZI UNIVERSITY, ANKARA, TURKEY;MERVE BANKOGLU GUNGOR*-DEPART-MENT OF PROSTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZI UNIVERSITY, ANKARA, TURKEY;ESMA BASAK GUL-DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY, INONU UNIVERSITY, MALATYA, TURKEY

Title: BILATERAL IMPLANT-RETAINED AURICULAR PROSTHESIS IN A PATIENT WITH TREACH-ER COLLINS SYNDROME: CASE REPORT


Area of view: Other

Bilateral Implant-Retained Auricular Prosthesis in a Patient with Treacher Collins Syndrome: Case Report Background: Treacher Collins Syndrome (TCS) a rare autosomal dominant disor-der affects approximately 1:50000 live births. The syndrome primarily affects the development of facial structures. Although surgical reconstruction is the treatment of choice for auricular deformities that result from TCS, the implant-retained auricular prosthesis must be consid-ered when surgical reconstruction is not possible. Methods and Materials: In this case report, reconstruction of the bilateral congenitally missing ears of a patient resulting from TCS with implant-retained facial prosthesis was described. Implants provided secure retention to the prosthesis. Results and Conclusion: The patient was satisfied with the appearance of the pros-thesis. After 4 years of function, implants were successful, however deteration of the prosthesis was observed. Implant-retained prosthetic rehabilitation of the patient resulted in acceptable functional and cosmetic results and the patient has returned to society.


OTHER

75MERVE BANKOGLU GUNGOR ANKARA-Turkey

Author: SECIL KARAKOCA NEMLI-DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY, GAZI UNIVERSITY, ANKARA, TURKEY;MERVE BANKOGLU GUNGOR-DEPART-MENT OF PROSTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZI UNIVERSITY, ANKARA, TURKEY;ESMA BASAK GUL-DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY, INONU UNIVERSITY, MALATYA, TURKEY;IREM TURKCAN*-DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, GAZI UNIVERSITY, ANKARA, TURKEY;-

Title: IMPLANT-RETAINED MAXILLOFACIAL PROSTHESES FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF THE BURNED PATIENTS: A REPORT OF TWO CASES


Area of view: Other

Implant-retained maxillofacial prostheses for reconstruction of the burned patients: A report of two cases Background: Surgical reconstruction of facial burn defects remains one of the most difficult areas of plastic surgery, and the aesthetic results are not always acceptable. Implant-retained maxillofacial prostheses are an alternative for reconstruction of patients who lost facial structures from burn. Methods and Materials: This article describes fabricating implant-retained auricular and nasal prostheses in two patients with facial burn defects. Treatment outcomes with the prostheses are represented. Results and Conclusion: In both patients, all implants were clinically integrated in the bone as revealed by an absence of clinically detectable mobility and periimplant skin showed no signs of infection during the follow-up periods of 6 years and 5 years for auricular and nasal prostheses patients, respectively. Implant retained maxillofacial prostheses offer an acceptable alternative for burned patients as well as other maxillofacial defect patients.


OTHER

76IVAN MILEUSNIC BELGRADE-Serbia

Institute: FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY PANCEVO


Author: IVAN MILEUSNIC-FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY PANCEVO, PANCEVO;ZORAN TAM-BUR-MILITARY MEDICAL ACADEMY, BELGRADE;SLOBODAN IVANCAJIC-FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY PANCEVO, PANCEVO;DESANKA CENIC-MILOSEVIC-FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY PANCEVO, PANCEVO;-

Title: ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS ESSENTIAL OILS


Area of view: Other

Antibacterial effects of essential oils of medicinal plants are well known. However, their efficacy against oral pathogens has not been fully investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine which essential oil showed the strongest in vitro antimicrobial activity on different oral aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Essential oils of Rosmarini, Salviae, Satureae and Thymi were tested on cultures of five microorganisms: Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433, Pseudo-monas aeruginosa ATCC 10145, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Porphyromonas gingi-valis ATCC 33277 and Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils was determined by the dilution method. Four dilutions (50, 25, 12.5 and 6.25 µg/mL) of essential oils were mixed with Mueller Hinton Agar and put into Petri dishes in a 4 mm layer. The tested bacteria were inoculated at about 106 bacteria/cm3. The Petri dishes containing aerobic inoculates were incubated at 37оС for 24 hours. Anaerobic bacteria were incubated in anaerobic pots under the same conditions. All samples were tested in triplicates. The essen-tial oils used in this study showed growth inhibitory effect in variable low concentrations on all tested bacterial strains. Essential oils of Thymi and Satureae had the strongest inhibitory effect (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)=6.25 µg/mL) on Staphylococcus aureus. The growth of Streprococcus mutans was inhibited only by the essential oil of Salviae (MIC=12.5 µg/mL). Medicines containig the essential oils of Thymi and Saureae should be tested clinically for the treatment of perioral skin infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus.


OTHER


Institute: FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY PANCEVO, PANCEVO


Author: DESANKA CENIC-MILOSEVIC-FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY PANCEVO, PANCEVO;ZORAN TAMBUR-MILITARY MEDICAL ACADEMY, BELGRADE;SLOBODAN IVANCAJIC-FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY PANCEVO, PANCEVO;IVAN MILEUSNIC-FACULTY OF STOMATOL-OGY PANCEVO, PANCEVO;-

Title: EFFECTS OF MEDICINAL PLANTS ON ORAL AEROBIC BACTERIA


Area of view: Other

There has been growing interest in recent years for the use of organically grown plants for medicinal purposes. The aim of this study was to determine which medicinal plants showed antimicrobial activity on different aerobic oral bacterial cultures. Ethanolic extracts of Sinapis, Thymi, Rosmarini, Hyperici, Teucrii, Absinthii, Plantaginis, Salviae, Calendulae, Calami, Mal-vae, Tiliae, Hipocastani, Bursae, Majoranae and Millefolii were tested on cultures of Enterococ-cus faecalis ATCC 19433, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants extracts was determined by the dilution method. Four dilutions (300, 150, 75 and 37.5 µg/mL) of extracts were mixed with Mueller Hin-ton Agar and put into Petri dishes in a 4 mm layer. The tested bacteria were inoculated at about 106 bacteria/cm3 and incubated at 37оС for 24 hours. All samples were tested in triplicates. Results are shown as a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was strongly inhibited by Thymi and Calami (MIC=37.5 µg/mL) and to a lesser extent by Ma-joranae, Rosmarini, Tilliae, Bursae, Millefiolli and Malvae (MIC=75 µg/mL). Staphylococcus aureus was highly sensitive to Thymi and Majoranae (MIC=37.5 µg/mL). Enterococcus fae-calis, however, showed sensitivity only to Majoranae (MIC=75 µg/mL), Calendulae and Thymi (MIC=150 µg/mL). Ethanolic extract of Thymi showed a pronounced growth inhibitory effect on all tested aerobic bacteria, while Majoranae was highly effective against Enterococcus faecalis, a known endodontic pathogen.


OTHER


Institute: FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY PANCEVO, PANCEVO


Author: SLOBODAN IVANCAJIC-FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY PANCEVO, PANCEVO;ZORAN TAMBUR-MILITARY MEDICAL ACADEMY, BELGRADE;IVAN MILEUSNIC-FACULTY OF STOMATOLOGY PANCEVO, PANCEVO;DESANKA CENIC-MILOSEVIC-FACULTY OF STO-MATOLOGY PANCEVO, PANCEVO

Title: ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTS OF PROPOLIS ON ORAL ANAEROBIC BACTERIA


Area of view: Other

Propolis is used worldwide for its potential therapeutic effects. Pharmacologically active propo-lis is a solution of crude propolis in some polar or non-polar solvent. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine which propolis solution had the most antimicrobial activity on different oral anaerobic bacterial cultures. Antibacterial activity of propolis extracted by various solvents: ether, acetone, benzene and methyl-chloride was investigated on cultures of six different spe-cies of microorganisms: Actinomyces odontolyticus ATCC 17929, Streptococcus mitis ATCC 6249, Streptococcus sanguinis ATCC 10556, Eikenella corrodens ATCC 23834, Fusobacte-rium nucleatum ATCC 25586 and Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175. Antimicrobial activity of propolis extracts was determined by the dilution method. Four dilutions (100, 50, 12.5 and 6.3 µg/mL) of propolis extracts were mixed with Mueller Hinton Agar and put into Petri dishes in a 4 mm layer. The tested bacteria were inoculated at about 106 bacteria/cm3. The Petri dishes containing anaerobic inoculates were put into anaerobic pots and incubated at 37оС for 24 hours. All samples were tested in triplicates. Results are shown as a minimum inhibitory con-centration (MIC). Propolis demonstrated antibacterial activity on oral anaerobic bacteria when extracted by ether, acetone, benzene or methyl-chloride. The minimum inhibitory concentra-tion (MIC) for all propolis extracts on all oral anaerobic bacteria was very low, i.e. 12.5 µg/mL. Propolis has a strong growth inhibitory effect on clinically important oral anaerobic bacteria. Commercial preparations of propolis should be made available after appropriate clinical trials.


OTHER

99IDIL DIKBAS ISTANBUL-Turkey

Institute: YEDITEPE UN. DIS. HEK. FAK.


Author: BURCU BAL KUCUK-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;IDIL DIKBAS-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;OZLEM MAL-KONDU-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;KORAY ORAL-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: PREVALENCE OF RAMUS ASYMMETRIES AMONG 776 YOUNG POPULATION IN TURKEY


Area of view: Other

Aims: To estimate the prevalence of ramus asymmetries related to age and gender in a young population and the influence of growth spurt on ramus asymmetry. Methods: The study con-sisted of 776 panoramic radiographs of individuals aged 9 to 21 years. Individuals were di-vided into two groups with respect of linear growth spurt as age 12 in females and age 14 in males. The first group consisted of females aged between 9-11 and males between 9-13. The second group consisted of females aged between 12-21 and males between 14-21. Bilateral ramus heights on each radiograph were measured using the method described by Habets. A panoramic software was used to measure the ramus heights. Quantitative data was tested by Student\’s t test. Qualitative data was tested by chi-square test. Results: The mean of ra-mus asymmetry was found to be 2.90±2.58%. Significant differences between the right and left ramus height ratios were observed (p<0.01). There was a high prevalence (10.8%) of ra-mus asymmetries in the studied population. The ramus asymmetry did not correlate with the age and gender of the patients. Conclusions: This study revealed a high prevalence of ramus asymmetry in 9 - 21 year old population. Ramus asymmetry should be carefully evaluated in all ages for the potential relation with temporomandibular dysfunctions and also for orthodontic anomalies.


OTHER

109TEMEL KOKSAL ISTANBUL-Turkey


Author: BURCU BAL KUCUK-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;TEMEL KOKSAL-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;BUGCE EBEOGLU ALGAN-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;KORAY ORAL-YEDITEPE UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: DETERMINATION OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRAUMA AND TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDERS


Area of view: Other

Objective: Evaluation of direct and/or whiplash trauma incidence in the patients suffering tem-poromandibular disorders (TMD) and determination of the relationship between trauma and TMD. Material and method: The study was performed on 264 patients (mean age 34.4±13.5) who came to the Orofacial Pain Clinic at Yeditepe University Faculty of Dentistry. After the dental and medical anamnesis taken, stomatognatic examination was performed for these patients and the diagnosis was noted. Results: Direct trauma was determined in 18.2% of the cases and there was whiplash trauma history in 14.4% of the patients. There was no trauma in 67.4% of the patients. No significant difference was noted between the diagnosis of TMD and incidence of traumatic injuries (p>0.05). Statistically significant relationship between trauma and symptoms of clicking and crepitation was found. The percentage of whiplash trauma was significantly higher in patients who had clicking symptoms. The patients who had symptoms of crepitation, clicking and crepitation showed significantly higher percentage of direct trauma (p<0.05). Conclusion: This epidemiological study indicates that the incidence of clicking and crepitation increases in patients with direct and/or whiplash trauma history. The patients who present with pain and TMD symptoms must be queried about a direct and/or whiplash trauma history.


OTHER

122MALDI XHELILI TIRANA-Albania

Author: MALDI XHELILI-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;RUZHDIE QAFMOLLA-;EDIT XHAJANKA

Title: USE OF STABILIZING OCCLUSAL APPLIANCE IN PATIENTS WITH TEMPOROMANDIBU-LAR DISORDERS


Area of view: Other

USE OF STABILIZING OCCLUSAL APPLIANCE IN PATIENTS WITH TEMPOROMANDIBU-LAR DISORDERS Occlusal appliances are commonly used in the treatment of temporoman-dibular disorders (TMD), and their effectiveness in reducing symptoms according to different studies are up to 70-90 %. However, there is no agreement concerning their action mechanism (Clark, 1988; Okeson, 1993). Moreover, there are contradictory reports regarding the efficacy of splint therapy in TMD patients. Material and Methods 21 patients (15 females, 6 males) with signs and symptoms of TMD were selected for this study. All were diagnosed as suffering from a TMD disorders according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Dis-orders (RDC ⁄ TMD) (Dworkin & Leresche,1992). Patients were divided into two groups. The treatment group (TG) consisted of 11 patients (7 females and 4 males), who received treatment with a Michigan type stabilization appliance (Okeson, 2008). The control group (CG) consisted of 10 patients (6 females and 4 males) who did not receive an appliance. All patients under-went a personal interview and were provided with a detailed explanation of their disorder, its cyclic nature and possible etiology. All patients were evaluated by regular monthly follow-ups. Results Splint versus control group at baseline regarding patient symptoms and all collected clinical and selfreport data, revealed a high number of partial and total asymptomatic patients after treatment. Conclusions: The results of this 12 month evaluation suggests that stabilization appliance is effective in alleviating signs and the symptoms in patients with TMD and therefore can be recommended.


OTHER

157BENGI OZTAS ANKARA-Turkey

Author: BENGI OZTAS -ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DENTOMAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT;BESTE INCEOGLU-ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DEN-TISTRY DENTOMAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT;NAILE CURA-ANKARA UNI-VERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DENTOMAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY DEPARTMENT;-;-Title: AN ERRUPTED TRANSMIGRANT MANDIBULAR CANINE : A CASE REPORT


Area of view: Other

BACKGROUND In human dentition, maxillary and mandibular canines are important from an esthetic as well as a functional point of view when they are present in their normal position. Impacted mandibulary teeth are encountered relatively rarely. It is an even more unusual con-dition when such impacted mandibulary teeth move to the opposite side of the arch, across the mandibular midline. This abnormal movement of a tooth is known as dental transmigra-tion. This case report presents a rare case of transmigrant errupted mandibular canine. CASE REPORT A 20-year-old male patient was referred to University of Ankara, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, with esthetic worry. The patient had no systemic disorders. Crown of the left mandibular canine was located between the right central and later-al incisors in clinical examination. After radiographic examination we decided extraction is the most favured treatment.Under local anestesia the teeth extrated carefully without damaging other tooth. RESULTS The treatment of transmigrant canines depends on the radiographic po-sition and the clinical symptoms. An errupted transmigrant canine was provided for extraction because of esthetic worry. CONCLUSION Canine impaction is more prevalent in the maxilla than in the mandible,but canine transmigration is more frequent in the mandible.Transmigra-tion was defined as movement of an unerupted mandibular canine across the midline.But in our case transmigrant canine is an errupted.


OTHER

169AYTAC YASAR KAYSERI-Turkey

Author: IKBAL LEBLEBICIOGLU-ERCIYES UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS ;AYTAC YASAR -ERCIYES UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS ;HASAN ÖNDER GÜMÜŞ-ERCIYES UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS ;TAHA YASAR MANAV-ER-CIYES UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS ;AY-SEGÜL GÜLERYÜZ GÜRBULAK-ERCIYES UNIVERSITY DENTISTRY FACULTY DEPART-MENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: AN EASY WAY TO FABRICATE A SURGICAL GUIDE FOR MANDIBULAR FRACTURES : CASE REPORT


Area of view: Other

A 58 year old male patient was consulted to the plastic surgery department of Erciyes Unıversity Medical Faculty after a traumatic accident. In his clinical examination it was observed that he had a complete close fracture on his left side of mandibula, and he had just 22 and 23 num-bered teeth and he was edentuolus on the lower jaw. The plastic surgery department consulted this patient to the prosthodontology department of Erciyes Unıversity Dentistry Faculty in order to obtain an acceptable vertical occlusal dimension before the surgical fixation of the man-dibula. In normal conditions in such a case, it is a common way to use the existing dentures of the patient. However the patient had not any dentures before. Acrylic resin upper and lower bases were fabricated in order to obtain the acceptable vertical dimension and sentric relation of the patient, and at the meantime it offered to the surgeon an easy guide for fixation of the mandibula during the surgery.


OTHER

208RUZHDIE QAFMOLLA TIRANA-Albania


Specialty: GNATOLOGIA

Author: RUZHDIE QAFMOLLA-DEPARTMENT OF DENTISTRY,FACULTY OF MEDICINE;EDIT XHAJANKA-;ELTON GJINI

Title: INTRAARTICULAR DISORDERS OF TMJ AND DISC DISPLACEMENT


Area of view: Other

Disorder intraarticular TMJ is uncoordinated disk function-kondil. These disorders are classi-fied; discoordination motion condil-disk, disk slide forward, move the condil abnormal, etc.. The aim of the study is to determine the cause of intraarticular TMJ disorders. Material and Method For the realization of this study served 43 patients aged 20-60 years. Causes of intraarticular disorders were detected by clinical examination and magnetic resonance. Treatment of these patient was made by means of reposition and relaxing splints. For patients with absence of teeth did the final prosthetic treatment. Results Uncoordinated movement condil-disk was caused by the presence of traumatic stress in 41.8% of cases in 18 patients, while in 16 patients or 36.9% of them bear chewed muscle injuries. 9 patients, or 21.3% intraarticular disorders caused by lack of posterior supporting. Conclusions For detection of causes is needed not only clinical examination, but also magnetic resonance screening. Treatment of these disorders should be made according to the type of triggers.


OTHER

222DJORDJE BOZOVIC ISTOCNO SARAJEVO-Bosnia and Herzegovina

Institute: FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF STOMATOLOGY


Author: MARINA MILINKOVIC-UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF STOMATOLOGY, REPUBLIKA SRPSKA;DJORDJE BOZOVIC-UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJE-VO, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF STOMATOLOGY,REPUBLIKA SRPSKA;NEDELJKA IVKOVIC-UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO,FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF STOMA-TOLOGY, REPUBLIKA SRPSKA;SINISA RISTIC-UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO,FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF STOMATOLOGY, REPUBLIKA SRPSKA;SLOBODAN DODIC-UNI-VERSITY OF BEOGRAD, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, SRBIJA

Title: DEPRESSION, SOMATIZATION AND STRESS IN STUDENTS WITH TEMPOROMANDIBU-LAR DISORDERS


Area of view: Other

Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are defined as a group of orofacial disor-ders characterized by pain in the preauricular area, TMJ, or muscles of mastication, limita-tions/deviations in mandibular range of motion and TMJ sounds during jaw function. TMD pain is frequently accompanied by psychological distress – notably depression, somatization and stress. The aim is to determine and compare the level of depression, stress and somatizacje in patients with TMD compared with the patients without signs and symptoms of TMD. Mate-rial and Methods: Psychosocial factors were examined in 30 patients with TMD and 30 normal controls. Examinations were conducted according to specifications detailed in the RDC/TMD system for diagnosing and classifying TMD patients. Depression and somatization were ob-tained from subscales of the symptom checklist (SCL-90) psychometric test located within the axis II in the RDC/TMD. Stress was measured using Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Results: Results indicated that persons with TMD reported greater depression (p<0.05) and somatiza-tion (p<0.05) than matched controls. We could not find a difference between perceived stress. Conclusion: These results are discussed in terms of the psychosocial processes that may ac-count for the development of TMD pain. Keywords: temporomandibular dysfunction, depres-sion, somatization, stress


OTHER

373MERVE ÇAKIRBAY ANKARA-Turkey

Author: MERVE ÇAKIRBAY-GAZI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;MELEK KAVASOĞLU-GAZI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS;N. VOLKAN ASAR-GAZI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY DEPARTMENT OF PROSTHODONTICS

Title: REHABILITATION OF A PATIENT WITH SEVERELY WORN DENTITION


Area of view: Other

Severe tooth wear is a potential threat for dentition and masticatory function. Many factors may combine to produce the worn dentition, and the etiology often remains unidentified.Tooth wear can be classified as attrition (wear of teeth or restorations caused by tooth to tooth contact during mastication or parafunction), abrasion (loss of tooth surface caused by abrasion with foreign substances other than tooth to tooth contact), erosion (loss of tooth surface by chemical processes not involving bacterial action)and abfraction ( noncarious cervical wedge-shaped defect caused by occlusal stresses) depending on its cause. Evaluation and diagnosis should account for the patient’s diet, history of eating, and/or gastric disorders, along with the present state of the occlusion. Aesthetic, phonatic, and functional problems occur in patients with worn dentitions. Management of worn dentition using fixed or removable prostheses is complex. It is important to identify the factors that contribute to excessive wear and determine the occlusal vertical dimension and the inter-occlusal rest space for a successful treatment. A systematic approach for managing tooth wear can lead to a predictable and favorable prognosis. In this case report, we described the stages in restoration of severely worn dentition due to bruxism for providing aesthetics, function, and phonation with metal-ceramic fixed partial denture and attachment retained removable partial denture.


OTHER

395MERI SAPURIC SKOPJE-The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Institute: PRIVATE DENTIST OFFICE

Specialty: SPECIALIST FOR PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY

Author: SAPURIC MERI-PRIVATE DENTIST OFFICE

Title: DENTIST\’S KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS ABOUT ORAL HEALTH CARE FOR ELDERLY PEOPLE IN FYROM


Area of view: Other

Oral health care includes professional care for maintaining and self-care. Daily oral hygiene care, dentist\’s knowledge and skills providing adequate oral health care, morbidity and drug usage are points of special interest in realizing an improvement of oral health care. Elderly peo-ple is as a group often at risk of disease and often experiencing limited access to oral health care because of place of residence, economic factors, complex medical illness and other in-dividual and social factors. However, elderly persons are a complex combination and expres-sion of their individual genetic predispositions, lifestyles, socialization and environments. All of these factors influence their health beliefs and their health behaviour. In order to understand a patient\’s attitudes, the dentists must evaluate the cultural, psychological, educational, social, economic, dietary and chronologically specific cohort experiences which may have influenced that patient\’s life. Oral status reflects the history of the person\’s behavioural attitudes and expectations for their own oral health. Finally, the skills,attitudes and philosophies of the vari-ous dentists that people have encountered during their life must also affect their oral status. Geriatric oral health care can be best provided in collaboration between dentists and other care providers. Than oral health care will became more than care for oral health.


OTHER

426HALENUR ONAT

KONYA-TURKEY

Institute:FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PEDODONTICS, SELCUK UNIVERSITY, KONYA, TURKEY

Author: HALENUR ONAT - FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PEDODONTICS, SELCUK UNIVERSITY, KONYA, TURKEY, ZEYNEP YEGIN* - FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPART-MENT OF PEDODONTICS, SELCUK UNIVERSITY, KONYA, TURKEY, GUL TOSUN - FAC-ULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PEDODONTICS, SELCUK UNIVERSITY, KONYA, TURKEY

Title: EVALUATION OF LONGEVITY OF BAND-LOOP SPACE MAINTAINERS CEMENTED DIF-FERENT MATERIALS


Area of view: Other

Background: This study is aim to evaluate the longevity of band-loop space maintainers (SM) cemented different materials. Methods and material: The 56 space maintainers placed either on first permanent or second primary molars in patients aged 5-11 years who were followed for a maximum of 12 months. For each child, the same pediatric dentist carried out all diagnosis, band selection, and impres-sion taking and appliance cementation. All space-maintainers were fabricated individually for each patient, were trial fitted, and were cemented with different cemented materials. Group I: Ketac Cem Permanent Glass Ionomer Cement (GIS), Group II: Ketac Cem+Enhance Adhesion Booster, Group III: Transbond Plus Group IV: Transbond Plus+Enhance Adhesion Booster. Pa-tients were recalled once every 3 months for clinical evaluation for 12 months or until failure. Results: The life table method used for survival analysis. Group II had the lowest median sur-vival time than the other groups. Conclusions: Band-Loop SM cemented with GIS+Adhesion Booster showed lower perfor-mance in survival time versus GIS, Transbond and Transbond+Adhesive Booster. Adhesion booster was not found to be effective in enhancing the durability of the space maintainer.


OTHER

429HALENUR ONAT

KONYA-TURKEY

Institute: FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PEDODONTICS, SELCUK UNIVERSITY, KONYA, TURKEY

Author: HALENUR ONAT* - FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PEDODONTICS, SEL-CUK UNIVERSITY, KONYA, TURKEY; SUHEYLA GOKYAR - FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DE-PARTMENT OF PEDODONTICS, SELCUK UNIVERSITY, KONYA, TURKEY; GUL TOSUN - FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF PEDODONTICS, SELCUK UNIVERSITY, KONYA, TURKEY

Title: ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF VARIOUS ROOT CANAL DISINFECTION METHODS IN PRI-MARY TEETH


Area of view: Other Background:The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial performance of Nd:YAG laser, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PAD), sodium hypochloride(NaOCl), and PAD + 2.5% NaOCl. Methods and Materials:Thirty-five extracted primary molar teeth were used. Crowns were cut off using a diamond saw under water-cooling. Fifty-eight roots were obtained and mechani-cally prepared. The roots were then sterilized by autoclaving in water for 15 min at 121°C. All samples were infected with E. faecalis for one week and the root canals were randomly divided into 5 groups. Group I: Laser, Group II:Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PAD), Group III: 2.5% NaOCl, Group IV: PAD + sodium hypochlorite and Group V:Positive control. The canal of each specimen was irrigated for 4 min and positive control was untreated. The root canals were rinsed with sterile saline solution. The saline solution was collected from canals with ster-ile paper points. The paper points were transferred to Eppendorf.The mean values of optical density were obtained by Microbial analysis was performed with spectrometer.Results: Statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis and test revealed significant differences among the experimental groups (p < 0.05). The Mann-WhitneyU test was used to compare the respective groups. Laser, PAD, 2.5% NaOCl, PAD+2.5% NaOCl were found statistically different than positive control group. 2.5% NaOCl and PAD+2.5% NaOCl groups were found effective than other groups. Conclusion:Laser and PAD applications can be used as well as NaOCl in primary molar root canals.


OTHER

423CHRYSOULA FOTIADOU

THESSALONIKI-Greece

Institute: Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece

Author: Fotiadou C.1, Tzialla N.1, Stefanidou E.1, Zouloumis L.2, 1 Dentist, 2 Assos. Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Title: DENTAL MANAGEMENT OF THE PREGNANT PATIENT


Area of view: Other Background. Pregnancy is not a disease, but a physiologic state of the female organism. The multiple changes which occur, require special dental approach. The dentist, being responsible both for the mother and the fetus, must provide safe treatment. Methods and materials. A Pub Med search was conducted of papers published in the English language with no limita-tion in the year of publication, using the search terms: pregnancy, dental caries, periodontitis, antibiotics, anesthetics, analgesics. More than 400 articles were found and we finally added to 9 articles for reviewing. Results. At the first and the third trimester only emergent dental procedures can be treated, while the second trimester allows more procedures to be accom-plished. A specific position on the dental chair is needed due to cardiorespiratory alterations. Seated or slightly leaning to the left is preferred, whereas supine position is excluded. The use of x-rays is allowed, as long as the patient is protected. Attention should be given to the use of medications which are commonly used, as some have been inculpated for teratogenesis. Antibiotics (clindamycine, erythromycin, cephalosporines, penicillin), analgesics (Paracetamol) and local anesthetics (lidocaine 1:100.000 adrenaline) are indicated and safely used. Conclu-sion. Pregnancy is not a contraindication for dental treatment, as long as the dentist is aware of the special needs of the gravid patient.

History Timeline•Skope Fortress•Museum of Revolutionary Struggle•Stone Bridge

Skopje

Archeological museumSkopje

Skopje

COMMERCIAL PRESENTATIONS


LISTEN AND LEARN!Commercial Presentations

FRIDAY, April 26th 2013, 14:30

Csilla Bányai When Panoramic radiology turns to third dimension

SATURDAY, April 27th 2013

11:30 Aleksandar Donev

Lacalut Extra Sensitive - preventive and therapeuthic possibilities in the treat-ment of dental hypersensitivity ; Lacalut White and Repair - special oral hy-gienic system for remineralization

COMMERCIAL PRESENTATIONS


12:00 Ana Bojevska

How to improve customer satisfaction with ELMEX and Waterpik (samples and gifts will be provided to attendees)

12:30 Daniela Cvetanovska Stojceva

The Science behind sugarfree gum in oral care-WRIGLEY

18th BaSS Congress Expo

Visit the 18th BaSS Congress Expo

and find out the brand new movements in dentistry!

Be a part of a big family of dentists from the 10 Balkan countries (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, Greece, Cyprus, Romania, Albania, Bulgaria, Turkey and FYROM).

Join us!

BOOTHS/STANDS

1. QUINTESSENCE http://www.quintessence.hr/

2. HERAEUS KULZER HUNGARY/ VIK DENTALwww.heraeus-dental.com

3. NATURALIJA www.naturalija.com.mk

18th BaSS Congress Expo

http://www.amanngirrbach.com

4. 3M ESPE DENTAL PRODUCTS/ MAKMEDIKA www.3M.com http://www.makmedika.com.mk/

5. PROMEDIKAhttp://promedika.com.mk/

6. ALKALOIDhttp://www.alkaloid.com.mk/

7. NATUSANA LACALUThttp://natusana.mk/

8. WRIGLEY http://www.wrigley.com/global/index.aspx

9. DI-EL Dental LASERShttp://dentalni-laseri.hr/

10. PROCREDIT BANKhttp://www.procreditbank.com.mk/

11. DENTOMED

12. MEDIMAK

Medimak

13. S.M.T. SIRONA http://www.sirona.com/en/

14. MIS IMPLANTS http://mis-implant.com.mk/

15. TAMIDENTALhttp://www.tamidental.com/

16. DTI IMPLANT SYSTEMhttp://www.dtiimplant.com/en/

17. GUDAMED http://gudadent.com/gudamed/

18. BORDEN LTD http://borden-ltd.com/

19. ORTO DENTA ES

20. ORAL ESTETIK TREJD

21. TTK BANK http://www.ttk.com.mk/default-en.asp

22. DEN MAThttp://www.denmat.com/

Congress Commitees 7-9Congress Venue 10-11Invited Speakers 15-51Top Class Bass Lecturers 55-77ORAL PRESENTATIONS 79-214

Community Dentistry 80Dental Biomaterials and Devices 81-85Endodontology 86-90Fixed Prosthodontics 91-95Laser 96-11New technologies 112-113Oral Diagnosis – Oral Radiology 114-115Oral Implantology 116-124Oral Pathology (Oral Medicine) 125-127Oral Surgery and Oral Maxillofacial Surgery 128-143Orthodontics 144-166Paediatric Dentistry 167-175Periodontology 176-186Preventive Dentistry 187-194Removable Prosthodontics 195Restorative and Adhesive Dentistry 196-207Other 208-214

POSTER PRESENTATIONS 217 -490Community Dentistry 218-220Dental Biomaterials and Devices 221Endodontology 222-234Fixed Prosthodontics 235-254Gerodontology 255-256Laser 257-263New technologies 264-265Oral Diagnosis – Oral Radiology 266-270Oral Implantology 271-285Oral Pathology (Oral Medicine) 286-294Oral Surgery and Oral Maxillofacial Surgery 295-322Orthodontics 323-353Paediatric Dentistry 354-392Periodontology 393-422Preventive Dentistry 423-433Removable Prosthodontics 434-447Restorative and Adhesive Dentistry 448-470Other 471-490

COMMERCIAL PRESENTATIONS 493-49518th BASS CONGRESS EXPO 496-502

TABLE OF CONTENTS

18th BaSS Congress25-28 April 2013

S k o p j e

Documents

Congress BaSS 2013 Skopje