Connectivity Solutions for Smart Home

RadioPulse Inc.

Sung Ho Wang, wangsh@radiopulse.co.kr 2016. 06. 20

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IoT Market Status

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IT Industry Trend

High Speed Internet Mobile Internet Internet of Things

IT market trend driven by internet

2000 2010 2020 2030

Robotics with AI

Key word High speed internet Mobile internet Internet of Things

year Around 2000 Around 2010 Around 2020

H/W PC Smart phone All devices

S/W windows iOS, Android Cloud based S/W

Network High speed wired internet

3G,4G, LTE, Wi-Fi WPAN, LPWAN

Company Yahoo, Google Apple, Samsung, LG, Telecom companies

Google, Apple, Cisco…..

Status Matured. Market size is decreasing

the market is being saturated

new emerging market

S/W is increasingly important

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IoT Market Classification

Internet of things market can be classified into IoT in commercial market and IoT in industrial market At the early stage of IoT, commercial IoT market such as smart home is bigger than industrial IoT market such as smart city IoT in commercial market WPAN Technology

Home Automation Remote Controller LED Lighting Control

Medical Security Consumer Electronics

Smart Grid Telemetics Social Safety Network

Environment Smart City Solar Cell Monitoring

IoT in industrial market LPWAN Technology

Three major elements for IoT

Microcontroller Wireless SoC Sensor

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IoT Market Forecast

source: IDC market forecast , May. 2015

IT market forecast

- IDC predicts the worldwide IoT market will grow to US$1.7 trillion in 2020 with a compound annual

growth rate of 16.9%

- Asian market will lead the industry but shrinking slightly to 51% due to strong momentum in US and EU

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IoT Segments and Leading Standards

PAN & LAN LPWAN Cellular

WPAN and LPWAN

- LPWAN is an another emerging network after cellular network and many standards are competing with each

other.

- While Cellular is a network for communication among people, LPWAN is a network for communication among

object ,which is an IoT network

- Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and ZigBee lead the PAN & LAN industries

- SigFox, LoRa and LTE-M ( including NB-LTE ) lead the LPWAN industries

- Cellular network is moving toward 5G. It plans to be commercialize in 2020

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LPWA conceptual diagram source: Mirae asset 2016

WPAN, LPWAN and Cellular Positioning

Wireless technology positioning

- WPAN covers short range while cellular network covers wide area

- LPWAN satisfies both wide area and low price

- WPAN dominates wireless market in terms of number of nodes, while LPWA is the fastest growing technology

Billion global connections source: Machina research, May 2015

Connected nodes ( billion )

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Smart Home Market

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Smart Home Applications

source: www.research.att.com

Consumer Electronics Control

Temperature Control

Automatic Meter Reading

Energy Storage System

Remote Controller

Advanced Metering Infrastructure

Solar Cell Monitoring

LED Lighting Control

In Home Display & Gateway

The three major factors for smart home are 1) safety: security service

2) save the money: smart energy service

3) convenience: home network service

Connectivity is the key technology in smart home applications

IoT smart home application areas

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Smart Home Market Forecast ( 2012 – 2019 )

Smart home market forecast

- According to the Strategy Analytics in July 2014, the smart home market will reach US$100 billion in 2018

- USA will lead the industry and about 37% of the total market was from USA in 2014

- The smart home penetration rate will be 12% worldwide and 38% USA in 2019

- IoT devices, smart home devices and smart phones will dominate the IT device market in terms of volume

source: Strategy Analytics Jul. 2014 source: Strategy Analytics Oct. 2014

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Perceptions of Smart Home Applications

Reasons for lack of interest in home automation applications

- According to the IDC report in 2014, the reason why people don’t use home automation is that it is too expensive and they have no use for them

source: IDC’s spring 2014 connected consumer survey

Elements required to turn high interest in home automation applications into purchase

- In order for people to purchase home automation system, cost of on going use , reliability, overall value and cost of equipment are major parameters

- What matters are cost and reliability for success in smart home

- The popular applications are (case of USA)

1) programming my home’s thermostat 2) Turning on and off my water heater

3) Installing a new lock on my front door 4) Replacing a light switch in my home

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Obstacles for Smart Home Market Proliferation

No unified standard

- Since many global market leaders have released their own smart home standards, there is no unified standard. Although many alliances are trying to unify their protocol, some leading companies don’t want collaboration.

Security issue

- As IoT industry develops, security issue becomes more important especially in wireless connection

- At the moment, AES128 is widely used in personal area wireless communication, but more secure solution is needed as time goes by

- iControls proposed security enhanced smart home solution and many companies join the certification program by iControls

High monthly fee

- The most hurdle for smart home service is high monthly fee and high initial cost

- In terms of initial cost, many telecom company and service providers are proposing new price policy to satisfy customers requirement on cost

- In terms of monthly fee, service providers can approach by proposing cost saving service such as energy saving

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Smart Home Applications

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Smart Home Application Areas

Smart home applications

- Smart home is a new emerging market in commercial IoT market

- There are many application areas including air control, heating, security, hone appliance control and

monitoring

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source: www.zigbee.org

Smart Home Applications

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Media Gateway for Smart Home

Current Set Top Box / Gateway

- Existing STB or gateway has limited

functions such as TV connection and RCU

Media gateway

- Media gateway supports many services such as

security, health care and energy saving

- Smart phone and gateway can be connected

via Wi-Fi and gateway and other sensor devices

can be connected via ZigBee technology

ZigBee

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Existing STB STB as a gateway

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Smart Home Application Services

Smart home applications

- There are many smart home applications but smart energy, security and health care are considered as major

application services

- Smart energy system controls energy devices and monitors energy consumption to save energy

- Security service informs security company of the status of the home

- Health care system provides health monitoring service based on the information from medical devices

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Smart energy application

Security application

Health care application

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Smart Home Platform Standard

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Thread Group

Features

- Simple for consumers to use, Always secure, Power-efficient

- An open protocol that carries IPv6 natively

- Based on a robust mesh network with no single point of failure

- Runs over standard 802.15.4 radios and it has physical Web concept

- Designed to support a wide variety of products for the home: appliances, access control, climate control, energy

management, lighting, safety, and security

Members

- Google, Samsung, Qualcomm, Nest Labs, Osram, SiLab, Freescale, ARM, Yale, Big Ass Fans

Status

- Launched in July 2014 and adopted 6LoWPAN(IPv6 over Low power Wireless Personal Area Networks)

- Thread is based on IEEE802.15.4 and it is interoperable with other standards. Thread is collaborating with many

standards such as ZigBee ( Hybrid standards with ZB will be released Q3 2016 )

- Spec. 1.1. was released in March 2016. and Nest decided to open their stack source code

Web site

http://threadgroup.org/

Thread was designed with one goal in mind: To create the very best way to connect and control products in the home

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OIC ( Open Interconnect Consortium )

Features

- This standard will be an open specification that anyone can implement and is easy for developers to use

- It will include IP protection & branding for certified devices (via compliance testing) and service-level interoperability

- There will also be an Open Source implementation of the standard

- This Open Source implementation will be designed to enable application developers and device manufacturers to deliver

interoperable products across Android, iOS, Windows, Linux, Tizen, and more

Members

- Intel, Samsung, Dell, Windriver, Broadcom, Atmel

Status

- Launched in July 2014 and competing with Qualcomm.

- Made IoT standard which is independent of device, OS and wireless (The platform suports Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi Direct,

ZigBee, Zwave, Ant+ and etc)

- OIC certified IoT device will be released by the end of the year

-Supports open source software and providing software source code to developers with free of charge

Web site

http://www.openinterconnect.org/

The Open Interconnect Consortium is being founded by leading technology companies with the goal of defining the connectivity requirements and ensuring interoperability of the billions of devices that will make up the emerging internet of things (IoT)

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AllSeen Alliance

Features

- Open source project that provides a software framework and set of services

- Manufacturers can offer interoperable products and services that will engage and delight users in new, exciting and useful

ways

- Flexible, dynamic and forward compatible. Enables horizontal market interoperability

Members

- Qualcomm, LG, Sharp, Panasonic, Cisco, MicroSoft, Haier, D Link, HTC, AT&T

Status

- They provides Qualcomm platform AllJoyn to members with free of charge

- AllJoyn was acquired by Linux in 2013

- It is an IoT standard which aims subscribers’ convenience

Web site

http://www.allseenalliance.org/

To enable widespread adoption and help accelerate the development and evolution of an interoperable peer connectivity and communications framework based on AllJoyn for devices and applications in the Internet of Everything

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IIC ( Industrial Internet Consortium )

Features

- the convergence of machines and intelligent data in what is called the Industrial Internet

- cars are able to safely navigate to their destinations without a driver

- home where an elderly patient’s health is closely monitored by her hospital physician

- a city that significantly reduces waste through sensor-embedded water pipes, buildings, parking meters and more

Members

- Intel, Cisco, AT&T, GE, MS, IBM

Status

- It supports standard for industrial IoT

- GE and AT&T seem to lead the consorsium

Web site

http://www.iiconsortium.org/

Accelerating innovation in connected, intelligent machines and processes

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HomeKit

Features

- a framework for communicating with and controlling connected accessories in a user’s home

- It enables users to discover Home kit accessories in their home and configure them

- Network joining is very convenient and the user can control all devices in their home

- Apple opens their API only to their partners. It is a kind of closed source business

Member

- Apple

Status

- Home kit was announced at Apple’s WWDC ( Worldwide Developer’s Conference ) in June 2014

- It operates based on iOS8

- Apple announced their devices which are using Home Kit in June 2015

Web site

https://developer.apple.com/homekit/

Apple developed the HomeKit framework so it could simplify the current state of home automation. With HomeKit, Apple essentially created a common language that smart devices from any manufacturer can understand and support.

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Smart Home Standard Comparison

item OIC Allseen Thread Homekit

Key members Intel, Samsung, Dell, Broadcom,

Atmel

Qualcomm, LG, Sharp, Panasonic, Cisco, MS, Haier,

D Link, HTC, AT&T

Google, Nest Labs, Samsung,

Qualcomm, SiLabs, ARM

Apple

Platform Qualcomm Alljoyn

Wireless Technology

Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Z-Wave

etc.

Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Z-Wave

etc.

IEEE 802.15.4 physical layer

Wi-Fi, Bluetooth

Web page http://www.openinterconnect.org/

http://www.allsee

nalliance.org/

http://threadgrou

p.org/

https://developer.

apple.com/homek

it/

Technical comparison among smart home standards

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Smart Home Wireless Connectivity Technology

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Wi – Fi

Wi-Fi

- Wi – Fi is based on communication among people by connecting computer and other devices such as

smart phone ( Internet of People ).

- It aims high data transfer rate for transmitting big data such as audio, video and internet files

- Wi-Fi is the most widely used wireless standard worldwide and in Korea, the coverage is nationwide

- It has more power consumption and higher price than other WPAN technology, but since it has the highest

data rate and the best infrastructure, it will lead the industry

History of Wi-Fi development

- 802.11, 11b, 11g: It is the first commercially used standard and it has 11Mbps data transfer rate and its

carrier frequency is 2.4 GHz

- 802.11a: The carrier frequency is 5GHz band and its maximum data transfer rate is 54Mbps. It is

interference free and high data rate standard

- 802.11n: It adopts MIMO and 40MHz band physical and MAC layer. The maximum data transfer rate is

600Mbps. It is widely used nowadays

- 802.11ac: It uses multi user MIMO. The maximum data transfer rate is 1Gbps

- 802.11ad: It is called WiGig and its carrier frequency is 60GHz. The data transfer rate is up to 7Gbps

- 802.11ah: It has low data transfer rate, which is 100kbps but it has wide coverage since it has long

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Bluetooth

Bluetooth

- Bluetooth is a WPAN standard which is widely used based on smart phone

- Main application devices are wireless headset, smart watch and wireless speaker

- It has strong position in smart phone connection, but in other infrastructure, Wi-Fi dominates the market.

- The market will grow not only in smart phone connection market but also IoT device market such as

beacon

Bluetooth standards

-Standard Bluetooth: Bluetooth 2.0 was announced in 2004 and has grown since then. Bluetooth 3.0 was

released in 2009 and was released and it is the most widely used nowadays

- Bluetooth low energy: power consumption has been one of weak points for Bluetooth. In order to achieve

longer battery life, Bluetooth SIG announced Bluetooth Low Energy in 2010. It is widely used in battery

operated devices such as smart watch and remote controller

- Bluetooth 5.0 plans to be released in 3Q 2016. It has two major features. One is increase data rate

compared to ver. 4.2 and the other is increase communication distance up to over 100m

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ZigBee

ZigBee

- ZigBee is an alliance for implementing low power short distance wireless communication

- It adopted IEEE802.15.4 as their physical layer standard

- Features are low power consumption , low data transfer rate and large number of nodes in network.

- The network can support up to 65,500 nodes

- While Wi-Fi is suitable for file transfer and BT is suitable for audio transmission, ZigBee is suitable for

wireless sensor network

- Major application areas are remote controller, LED lighting, smart home and smart energy

- The market is promising since IoT will grow rapidly and ZigBee is the key technology in IoT connectivity

ZigBee standards

- ZigBee 2003: The first ZigBee standard released in 2003

- ZigBee 2004: The second ZigBee standard released in 2005

- ZigBee 2006: Released in 2006 and many function were improved

- ZigBee 2007 (ZigBee Pro ) : Released in 2007 and it is the most widely used nowadays

- ZigBee 3.0: ZigBee 3.0 is a unified standard which was released by ZigBee Alliance in November 2014 and

it will provide interoperability among the devices

- RF4CE: It is a stack for remote controller unit.

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Z-Wave

Z- Wave

- Z-Wave is a wireless technology that makes regular household products, like lights, door locks and

thermostats

- Z- wave was developed by Zensys, Denmark and Z-Wave alliance has followed up the standard.

- Zensys was acquired by Sigma Design in 2008

- The features include sub GHz carrier frequency which guarantees longer communication distance than

that of 2.4 GHz carrier frequency.

- Major application area is smart home sensor devices

- It supports single chip vendor policy and only Sigma Design can supply chips

- Its strong points are long distance communication and convenient development. Its weak points are low

data transfer rate and high price since it has sole SoC vendor

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Thread Technology

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What is Thread?

What is Thread Group?

- Thread is and open standard for reliable, cost-effective, low power, wireless D2D ( device to device ) communication.

- It is designed specifically for connected home applications where IP-based networking is desired.

- Thread group is a consortium of companies for achieving the goal

Launching

- It was first announced in July 2014

- Thread is coming about because Google’s Nest Labs, Samsung Electronics, ARM and other wanted a smart home

networking protocol that could support the Internet of Things for years to come

Goal

- No single point of failure

- Self - healing

- Interference robustness

- Self-extending

- Reliable enough for critical infrastructure

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Thread Criteria

Thread Group’s criteria

- Thread Group deals with middleware between physical layer and application layer. It is based on IPv6.

Standardization

- The standardization criteria includes UDP, IP routing, 6LoWPAN and security/commissioning

1)UDP (User Datagram Protocol)

2)IP Routing

3)6LoWPAN

4)Security / Commissioning

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Communication layers and IPv6

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Thread: What It Delivers

Standardization ( continued )

- Physical layer: It is based on IEEE 802.15.4 and is compatible with existing IEEE 802.15.4 hardware

- Application layer: A lot of application area standards are compatible with Thread. Thread will do more collaboration for

enhance compatibility

Features

-Built on well proven, existing technlogies

-Uses 6LoWPAN and carries IPv6 natively

-Runs on existing 802.15.4 silicon

-New security architecture to make it simple and secure to add / remove products

-250+ products per network

-Designed for very low power / reliable operation

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Thread standardization criteria

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Thread: Overview

For developers

- Thread was designed with one goal in mind: to create the very best way to connect and control products in the home.

- Built on open standards and IPv6/6LoWPAN protocols, Thread’s approach to wireless networking offers numerous

technological advantages, including a secure and reliable mesh network with no single point of failure, simple connectivity

and low power.

- All Thread networks are easy to set up and secure to use with banking-class encryption to close security holes that exist

in other wireless protocols.

For customers

-The connected home is gaining widespread adoption as customers see the benefits of device-to-device communication in

their everyday lives.

-Thread’s wireless networking protocol, based on established networking standards, is designed to simply, securely and

reliably connect hundreds of products around the home.

- Thread networks are easy to set up so devices can be up-and-running in a matter of minutes on your smartphone, tablet

or computer.

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Thread: Overview

For retailers

- Thread’s powerful technology addresses the need for a better way to connect products in the home.

- Users can simply and securely connect hundreds of devices to each other and to the cloud using proven Internet

Protocols in a low-power, wireless mesh network.

- Thread is backed by innovative, leading brands that are defining the connected home lifestyle.

- The technology supports a wide variety of products from home appliances to climate control, lighting, safety and security

systems. When customers purchase products bearing the “BUILT ON THREAD” logo they can rest assured that devices

have undergone rigorous testing and certification to ensure they connect effortlessly and securely

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Sponsors

Sponsors

- 7 companies ( ARM, Samsung, Nest, Big Ass, Freescale, Silicon Lab, Yale ) founded the Thread Group

- In 2015, Qualcomm, NXP, Haiku, Somfy and Tyco joined the Thread Group

- At the moment, there are 11 sponsor companies

Board of directors

-President: Grant Erikson – Nest labs

-VP of Marketing: Sujata Neidig – Freescale

-VP of Technology: Skip Ashton – Silicon Labs

-Secretary: Bill Curtis – ARM

-Treasurer: Kevin Kraus – Yale Security

-Director: Landon Borders – Big Ass Fans, Mark Trayer – Samsung Electronics, et. al.

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Thread Application Areas

Application areas

- Appliances control

- Access Control

- HVAC

- Energy Saving

- Lighting

- Security

- Sensors

Target devices

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Lighting Sensors Appliances HVAC Sensors Energy Saving Security

Type Normally powered Powered or battery Normally battery

Devices

Gateway Lighting Appliances Smart meter Garage door opener HVAC equipment Smart plugs Fans

Thermostat Light switches Smoke detectors In home display Shades or blinds Door bell Glass break sensors Robot/cleaners

Door sensors Window sensors Motion sensors Door locks Radiator values Body sensors

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System Model

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System messaging model

-Thread is dedicated to inside house and is supposed to be connected to Wi-Fi for internet connection

-The system is composed of outside home which is internet connection with cloud system, border router which connects

inside home and outside home and Thread HAN network inside home

Expect device to device communication within

HAN for operations in the home

Border Router forwards data to cloud

Also provides WiFi connectivity to phone

or tablet in the home

Cloud connectivity for control when not at

home when within the home, phone or tablet

must go direct to gateway to reduce latency

Has to be seamless to consumer using device

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Thread Certification

Thread product certification

- Thread Group announced that the certification was ready in November 2015

- Each device should satisfy specification, inter-operability, RF performance and IEEE 802.15.4 specification

Procedure

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Thread certification process

Certification information

-All Thread devices will require network certification

-Validate device behavior

1) Commissioning , 2) Network functionality , 3) Device operation in network

-Members will have access to free standard test harness

-Certification through a 3rd party test lab (UL)

Thread connect logo

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Thread Market Status

Thread status in the market

-Due to Qualcomm’s joining to Thread, a lot of developing companies are joining Thread Group

-Thread specification was released in July 2015 and test harness was released in October 2015

-Certification has been available since November 2015

Collaboration with other standards

-Thread Group specification is based on Stack, so it has good position in collaborating with other standards. Most of other

smart home standards are based on application layer and platform

-In January 2016, ZigBee and Thread press released their collaboration for solving fragmentation of standards.

The solution will expand the reach of the ZigBee Applications Library by adding compatibility with the Thread Group’s

internet protocol networking layer to ZigBee’s comprehensive and proven set for solutions for the wireless IoT

Thread Group plans to release its stack source code

- Google Nest, a Thread leading company, press released that they would release software stack source code with free of

charge

-Many companies is expected to join Thread Group

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Thank you

Sung Ho Wang, GM

E-mail: wangsh@radiopulse.co.kr, wangsh17@naver.com

Tel: +82 70 7113 0901

http://www.radiopulse.co.kr

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