Constantinople• Once called ________________

• Constantine renamed it _____ ______.

• Citizens renamed “City of Constantine,” capital of the later Roman and Byzantine Empires

• C__________- Roman Emperor 300s AD– Stopped persecution of ___________. (Edict of (Edict of

Milan*)Milan*)– Why?– Moved capital from Rome to Constantinople

Key Location for T_______

Located on the __________ __________– ______- narrow passage that links two bodies of water– Links Europe and Asia

• Goods came into city from all directions• Byzantines taxed all goods passing through city

(preventing from going to ___________)• Became center of trade w/ rich diversity of people,

goods, and ideas • As Constantinople thrives; Western Rome Falls

– 476- last Roman Emperor thrown out476- last Roman Emperor thrown out Germanic/Barbaric chief takes power

The Age of Justinian• Great Byzantine Emperor; came from poor family• Named “Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Justinianus”

» (no you will not need to know how to spell that)

– Adopted by uncle, Emperor Justin

• Ruled 527- 565 AD• Married a peasant –T____________

Empress T________»Advised J_______ on major decisions»Improved women’s rights and laws

protecting women»Riots: Inspired Justinian to build the

___________ ____________

Empress T________

»Advised J_______ on major decisions

»Improved women’s rights and laws protecting women

»Riots: Inspired Justinian to build the Hagia Sophia

Age of Justinian

• Justinian’s C_ _ _• Organized collection & explanation of Roman

laws used by the Byzantine Empire• Byzantine Culture

– Blended G_ _ _ _, R_ _ _ _, & C_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ influences

– Byzantines preserved works of Ancient Greece and Rome that are used to spark Renaissance

• Empire declined after Justinian’s death

A Religious Dispute

• Most Byzantines were C___________

• Beliefs of Roman and Byzantine Christians grew apart1. Rome: Pope Constantinople: 4 Patriarchs

Byzantine Patriarch outlawed the use of IconsI_____- paintings of saints and holy figures that

Christians prayed to2. Pope Leo IX & Patriarch Michael Cerularius

excommunicatedexcommunicated each other 3. Language

• West: L _ _ _ _ East: G _ _ _ _

4. GeographyWhy?

Religious DisputesReligious Disputes

• The Schism-The Schism- split in the Christian Church in 1054 that created 2 forms of Christianity

1. The Roman Catholic Church in the West with the ________ as the leader

2. The Eastern Orthodox Church in the East with the _____________ as the leaders

A Second Golden Age

• (900-1000: Byzantines experienced a final period of greatness)

• Basil II- – ruled at this time– militant leader– worked for the middle class citizens greatest leader since

Justinian

• (Trade was good, population increased, strong period of creativity, Empire gained back some lost

territory)

The Fall of ConstantinopleThe Fall of Constantinople

• 1100- Turks had taken Asia Minor

• 1171- Trade war w/ Venice

• 1200s- Christian Crusaders attacked and ran the city

• 1261- Byzantines took control back

• 1453- Constantinople finally fell to the 1453- Constantinople finally fell to the Turks *******************Turks *******************