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  The term customer refers to the purchaser of a product or service whereas the term consumer refers to the end user of a product or service. A customer is

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The term customer refers to the purchaser of a product or servicewhereas the term consumer refers to the end user of a product or

service.

A customer is

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  W  h a t   i s   i t

   ?

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Factors infuencing consumerbehavior

    Cultural

    Social

    Personal

    Psychological

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personality

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Contd..

  Schiffman (2008) as that the unique

dynamic organization of characteristics

of a particular person physical and

psychological which influence!ehaviour and responses to the social

and physical environment.

  related to the heredity and the

e"perience of early childhood.

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psychographic

 #ctivities

$%nterests

$&pinions

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Family

  helps shape an individual's

  attitudes and !ehaviours

  develop political and

  religious !eliefs lifestyle

choices and consumer

preferences

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society

outside influences of others

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Attitude and lie styles

   the patterns in which people live

and spend time and money.

  *eliefs and feelings

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  The organization identification and

interpretation of sensory information in

order to represent and understand the

environment.  can !e shaped !y learning memory and

e"pectations.

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Models o consumer behavior

  Traditional models+

Economic ,odel

Learning ,odel

Psychoanalytic ,odel

Sociological ,odel

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Economic model

-aw of principal of ma"imum utility

-aw of equimarginal utility ena!les a

consumer to secure the ma"imum utility

from limited purchasing power  rice effect

Su!stitution effect

%ncome effect

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Learning model

The response of satisfaction reinforces

the relationship

-earns to associate connection !etween

stimulus and response which !ecomes

ha!it

/nderstanding the response of

consumer at the maret place

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Psychoanalytical model

  ersonality of consumers and their

responses

  1onsumer !ehavior is directed !y a

complete set of deep seated motives

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ociological model

   #s his role status interaction influence

  group relation lifestyle income occup

  ation place of residence social class

etc.

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Contemporary models

  3arward seth model

  4icosia

  5e!ster and wind

  6ngel !alcwell and minard model

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!o"ard sheth model

1ustomer lacs well defined evaluative

criteria to 7udge the product

Searches for information

 #fter passing his own personality his

intae is modified

6valuates the !rands availa!le

Sees greatest potential of satisfying hismotives

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e#ample

  &nline shopping

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$icosia model

  roposed !y rancesco 4icosia in9:;0s

  %ncomplete in a num!er of aspects

very reductionist

  <aria!les in the model have not !een

clearly defined

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   # num!er of assumptions have !een madethat question the validity of this model forinstance+

 5hat type of consumer are we taling a!out=

 The company and the consumer have an

e"isting relationship= 5hat type=

 %s this for a new product= %s this the firste"change the consumer has had with the

producer=

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e#ample

  ourwheelers

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Engel% &lac'"ell and minard model

  %nformation input

  %nformation processing

  >ecision process stage

  <aria!les influencing decision maing

process

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e#ample

  ?arment sector Social class

amily

-ifestyleersonality

*eliefs

attitudes

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(ebster and "ind

partitiones the !uying process into

several processes

processes of decisionmaing are

determined !y environmental and

organizational factors.

inal !uying process rendered as the

mi"ture of individual and group decision

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e#ample

   #utomo!ile manufacturing$ *2* !usiness

$ urchasing tires

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conclusion

  /nderstanding consumer contri!utes the

!est to any organization and for this

models would wor great

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