Containment Equipment and Facilities

BiocontainmentBiocontainment

The principle of holding or being capable of The principle of holding or being capable of holding or including within a fixed limit or holding or including within a fixed limit or area area

Preventing the unintentional release of Preventing the unintentional release of biological agents through a combination of biological agents through a combination of laboratory practices, containment laboratory practices, containment equipment (primary barrier) and laboratory equipment (primary barrier) and laboratory facility design (secondary barrier)facility design (secondary barrier)

Primary Barrier

Primary barriers contain the agent at the Primary barriers contain the agent at the sourcesource

Equipment/Engineering ControlEquipment/Engineering Control Biological safety cabinet, fumehood, Biological safety cabinet, fumehood,

glove box, animal housing, centrifuge, glove box, animal housing, centrifuge, fermenterfermenter

Secondary Barrier

Secondary barrier is the structure Secondary barrier is the structure surrounding the primary barriersurrounding the primary barrier

Facility/Engineering ControlFacility/Engineering Control Rooms, buildingRooms, building

Types of FacilitiesTypes of Facilities Basic laboratoryBasic laboratory Containment laboratoryContainment laboratory

Primary Barriers - Equipment Personnel ProtectionPersonnel Protection

Any aerosol generated within the cabinet is Any aerosol generated within the cabinet is contained and kept away from the researchercontained and kept away from the researcher

Product ProtectionProduct Protection Air within the work space of the cabinet has Air within the work space of the cabinet has

been filtered so that is is virtually free of been filtered so that is is virtually free of airborne particles and organisms; thus airborne particles and organisms; thus protecting the work from outside contaminationprotecting the work from outside contamination

Environmental ProtectionEnvironmental Protection Aerosols generated within the unit are removed Aerosols generated within the unit are removed

from the air before the air is dischargedfrom the air before the air is discharged

Ventilation EquipmentClasses and Types

Chemical Fume Hood

100 fpm face velocity 100 fpm face velocity Offer only personnel protection Offer only personnel protection Always exhaust air to the outside Always exhaust air to the outside Do not offer protection to the product or the environment, Do not offer protection to the product or the environment,

as there is no filtration of intake and exhaust air as there is no filtration of intake and exhaust air (Sometimes air cleaning treatment is added to the exhaust.) (Sometimes air cleaning treatment is added to the exhaust.)

Do draw contaminants in the laboratory air directly over Do draw contaminants in the laboratory air directly over the product being worked on the product being worked on

Used for work with chemical hazards Used for work with chemical hazards

Any Comments?

Fumehood - keep hood clean, sash should be closed when hood is not in use, equipment should be 9” from sash

Clean Bench / Laminar Flow Hoods

Provide product protection only Provide product protection only Product protection is provided by creating a unidirectional Product protection is provided by creating a unidirectional

airflow generated through a HEPA filter airflow generated through a HEPA filter Discharge air goes directly into workroom Discharge air goes directly into workroom Applications Applications

– – Any application where the product is not hazardous but must Any application where the product is not hazardous but must be kept contaminant free be kept contaminant free – – Preparation of non-hazardous intravenous mixtures and media Preparation of non-hazardous intravenous mixtures and media – – Particulate free assembly of sterile equipment and electronic Particulate free assembly of sterile equipment and electronic devices devices

Eliminate Clean Bench in containment laboratory Eliminate Clean Bench in containment laboratory

Biological Safety Cabinets Designed to contain biological hazards Designed to contain biological hazards Inward airflow for personnel protection Inward airflow for personnel protection HEPA filtered exhaust air for environmental protection HEPA filtered exhaust air for environmental protection Supply air HEPA filter for product protection (except Supply air HEPA filter for product protection (except

Class I) Class I) Separated into Classes and Types Separated into Classes and Types

– – Class I Class I

– – Class II Class II

• • Type A1, A2 Type A1, A2

• • Type B1, B2 Type B1, B2

– – Class III Class III Microbiological studies, cell cultures, pharmaceutical Microbiological studies, cell cultures, pharmaceutical

research and procedures… research and procedures…

Class I Cabinet

75 fpm face velocity 75 fpm face velocity Provides personnel and environmental protection Provides personnel and environmental protection No product protection No product protection Requires an exhaust blower to pull the air through Requires an exhaust blower to pull the air through

- usually to the outdoors - usually to the outdoors Applications Applications

– – Housing centrifuges, fermenters Housing centrifuges, fermenters – – Cage dumping in an animal lab Cage dumping in an animal lab – – Aerating culturesAerating cultures

Class II Cabinets Ventilated cabinet Ventilated cabinet Provides personnel, product, and environmental Provides personnel, product, and environmental

protection protection Open front with inward airflow for personnel Open front with inward airflow for personnel

protection protection Downward HEPA filtered laminar airflow for Downward HEPA filtered laminar airflow for

product protection product protection HEPA filtered exhaust air for environmental HEPA filtered exhaust air for environmental

protection protection

Any Comments?

BSC - remove unnecessary objects, keep grill at front of cabinet unobstructed

Primary Barriers

PersonnelPersonnel ProductProduct EnvironmentEnvironment

Chemical FumehoodChemical Fumehood xx

Laminar FlowhoodLaminar Flowhood xx

Class I Biosafety CabinetClass I Biosafety Cabinet xx xx

Class II Biosafety CabinetClass II Biosafety Cabinet xx xx xx

Class III Biosafety CabinetClass III Biosafety Cabinet xx xx xx

IsolatorsIsolators xx xx xx

Types of Biosafety CabinetsNSF/ANSI Standard 49 – 2002

Type Face velocity (lfpm)

Airflow Pattern Radionuclides/ Toxic Chemicals

Bio-safety Level(s)

Product Protection

Class I 75 In at front; rear and top through HEPA filter

No 2, 3 No

Class II Type A1

7570% recirculated through HEPA; exhaust through HEPA

No 2, 3 Yes

Class II Type A2

10030% recirculated through HEPA; exhaust via HEPA and hard ducted

Yes (Low levels/volatility)

2, 3 Yes

Class II Type B1

100No recirculation; total exhaust via HEPA and hard ducted

Yes 2, 3 Yes

Class II Type B2

100Same as B1, but plena under negative pressure to room and exhaust air is ducted

Yes 2, 3 Yes

Class III NASupply air inlets and exhaust through 2 HEPA filters

Yes 3, 4 Yes

Biological Safety Cabinet Certification

First CertificationFirst Certification AnnuallyAnnually When movedWhen moved When filter is changedWhen filter is changed When repaired or modifiedWhen repaired or modified

Note: Certification is paid by the researcher, not EHS Note: Certification is paid by the researcher, not EHS

Other Primary Barriers- Engineering Control Gasketed blenders, homogenizersGasketed blenders, homogenizers Cotton plugs, filters for flasks in shakersCotton plugs, filters for flasks in shakers Filtered pipette tipsFiltered pipette tips HEPA and hydrophobic vacuum line filtersHEPA and hydrophobic vacuum line filters Plasticware substituted for glasswarePlasticware substituted for glassware Gas burners with shield, microincineratorGas burners with shield, microincinerator CentrifugesCentrifuges

Interlock, solid cover, safety buckets, O-ringsInterlock, solid cover, safety buckets, O-rings

Secondary Barrier- Facilities

Laboratory Biosafety Level 2Laboratory Biosafety Level 2

Lockable doors (a must for restricted agents)Lockable doors (a must for restricted agents) SinkSink Bench tops impervious and easily cleanedBench tops impervious and easily cleaned Biological safety cabinet (if applicable)Biological safety cabinet (if applicable) EyewashEyewash Inward airflow (desirable)Inward airflow (desirable)