CONTENTS...DR. MOHD AFZANIZAM BIN MOHD ROSLI Postgraduate Co-ordinator 5 | PRiSME2019 VENUE 11 13 15 16 00 40 N A1 N A2 N A3 N A4 00 40 N B1 N B2 N B3 N B4 1240 LE PRiSME2019 - WEDNESDAY

1 | PRiSME2019

CONTENTS

ABOUT PRiSME2019 2

MESSAGE FROM DEAN

3

COMMITTEES

4

PROGRAMME SCHEDULE

5

PRESENTATION SCHEDULE

6

ABSTRACT LIST

15

2 | PRiSME2019

ABOUT PRiSME2019

The 4th Postgraduate Research Symposium on Mechanical Engineering (PRiSME2018)

is organized by the Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal (FKM), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia

Melaka (UTeM). This symposium is officially hosted by the FKM Postgraduate

Committee. The event will take place at Kampus Teknologi UTeM on 17 April 2019.

PRiSME provides an opportunity for graduate students to explore and share their

research interests, under the guidance of a panel of distinguished experts in the field.

The symposium has three primary objectives:

1. To provide a platform for postgraduate students to share their research

progress in a friendly environment.

2. To provide opportunities for postgraduate students and participants to

receive informal in-depth feedback through discussions, and to enable them

to establish contact with other postgraduate students.

3. To help students strategize about their research and dissertation, as well as

publication of their research in peer-reviewed journals.

In accordance with our regulations for Annual Review of Postgraduate Research

Students, attendance and presentation at the symposium is compulsory for all

registered and full-time research students. Attendance is not compulsory for part-

time research students, or students in their waiting for graduation (completed the

viva-voce).

This year, 37 postgraduate students of FKM will make a presentation in this

symposium. The presentation materials does not need to be a finished piece of work.

The intention is that this exercise should be useful for postgraduate students, both in

terms of clarifying their own ideas and gaining more experience of presenting them,

and in allowing them to benefit from the questions and comments of those in

attendance.

3 | PRiSME2019

MESSAGE FROM DEAN

Assalamu’alaikum wrt. wbt, and Salam 1Malaysia,

I would like to express warmest welcome to all participants to the

4th Postgraduate Research Symposium on Mechanical Engineering

(PRiSME2019), which is organized by the Fakulti Kejuruteraan

Mekanikal (FKM), UTeM. This symposium is officially hosted by

the FKM Postgraduate Committee.

The faculty has been successfully organizing the Postgraduate research seminar since

2011. Starting from 2015, the seminar incorporates symposium format. With the

current change, it is hoped that the symposium will serve as an effective platform for

research students to present their progress while ensuring valuable constructive

feedback from the expert members in each research group. Organizing a symposium

is important as it promotes conducive research atmosphere in the faculty and also

ensures many significant research findings generated from respective research

projects.

Our sincere thanks to all supervisors, postgraduate student members, lecturers and

our support staff who contribute their efforts to make this symposium a beneficial

experience for everyone.

I would also like to congratulate the PRiSME2019 organizing committees for making

this symposium a success. I am sure with the previous experience; the committee will

certainly implement substantial improvements and innovations to make this event

more productive and interesting. Finally, I hope the input received from PRiSME2019

will encouragingly increase the quality and timeliness of the students’ research,

leading to a successful viva and outstanding publications.

Thank you.

Dr. Ruztamreen Bin Jenal

Dean

4 | PRiSME2019

COMMITTEES

PATRON

DR. RUZTAMREEN BIN JENAL

Dean

SYMPOSIUM CHAIR

ASSOC. PROF. DR. MOHD FADZLI BIN ABDOLLAH

Deputy Dean (Research & Postgraduate Studies)

DR. SHAFIZAL BIN MAT

Deputy Dean (Student Development)

SYMPOSIUM VICE CHAIR

DR. MOHD AFZANIZAM BIN MOHD ROSLI

Postgraduate Co-ordinator

5 | PRiSME2019

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15 | PRiSME2019

ABSTRACT LIST


17 April 2019 | Kampus Teknologi UTeM

ID: 1

16 | PRiSME2019

CHARACTERIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PINEAPPLE

LEAF/KENAF FIBRE REINFORCED VINYL ESTER HYBRID

COMPOSITE

MOHAMAD ASYRAF FAHIMI BIN AZNAN*, NADLENE BINTI RAZALI, MOHD AZLI BIN

SALIM

Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka,

Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia

*Email: [email protected]

Keywords: Natural fibre; mechanical; strength

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To study difference the physical and mechanical, of pineapple leaf

reinforced vinyl ester and pineapple leaf/kenaf reinforced vinyl ester.

Design/methodology/approach – The sample preparation for both material is same

which is 24 hour in NaOH solution. The physical test was conducted by using two

methods which are density and water absorption

The Mechanical test was conducted by using three methods which are tensile, flexural

and impact test.

Findings – The experiment was conducted to show there is the different physical and

mechanical difference between pineapples leaves reinforced vinyl ester and pineapple

leaf/kenaf reinforced vinyl ester. Pineapple leaf is hydrophilic by nature. So by adding

the kenaf, it may reduce the hydrophilic nature of pineapple leaf.

Originality/value – The result of the experiment is used as basis in order to find the

highest strength of the natural fibre. The results are also important in order to produce

a composite that has high mechanical strength and also biodegradable.



ID: 2

17 | PRiSME2019

THE CHARACTERIZATION OF MECHANICAL-ELECTRICAL

ANALYSIS FOR GRAPHENE NANOPLATELETS FILLED EPOXY AS

CONDUCTIVE INK

MAIZURA BINTI MOKHLIS*, MOHD AZLI BIN SALIM, NOR AZMMI BIN MASRIPAN




Keywords: Graphene condcutive ink; sheet resistivity; hardness

ABSTRACT

Purpose – The purpose of his study is to obtain optimum ratio for graphene

conductive ink with good conductivity.

Design/methodology/approach – The conductive ink was prepared using simple

method involving mixing, printing and curing process in order to produce conductive

ink according to the formulation. Different composition of a mixture that contains filler,

binder, and hardener was put inside the vacuum the ink was cured at 150°C for 30

minutes.

Findings – The ink was characterized by morphological, electrical and mechanical to

determine the best formulation of the ink. It was found that 35% of filler had the best

formulation and the addition of heat change the properties of the material when the

results were enhanced with the addition of the filler.

Originality/value – The best formulation of graphene ink with a good conductivity

was obtained. The effect of graphene ink graphene ink in two condition: a) Unheated

and b) Heated was determined.



ID: 3

18 | PRiSME2019

MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NANO-

COMPOSITES LIQUID-SOLID CONDUCTIVE INK ON FLEXIBLE AND

STRETCHABLE SUBSTRATE

NORHISHAM BIN ISMAIL*, MOHD AZLI BIN SALIM, NOR AZMMI BIN MASRIPAN




Keywords: Conductive ink; substrate; static test

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To develop printing method such as stencil printing and investigate the

performance of SCI for certain patterns with various parameters.

Design/methodology/approach – The SCI was stencil printed with four patterns and

different width. Then static tests such as surface morphology and roughness, sheet

resistivity and bulk resistivity were done on it to characterize its mechanical and

electrical characteristics.

Findings – The experiment shows changes between three different tracks width and

four patterns in the static test for its mechanical and electrical characteristics. The

experiment also shows improvement of its characteristics with increasing track width

size.

Originality/value – The result from the static test will be used as a baseline to the

dynamic test on the sample. With a few kinds of research for SCI behavior during

dynamic conditions makes it not fully understand yet.



ID: 4

19 | PRiSME2019

THE SAC305 SOLDERABILITY PERFORMANCE MODIFICATION IN

MICROELECTRONIC PACKAGING

INTAN FATIHAH BINTI AHMAD*, GHAZALI BIN OMAR, MOHD AZLI BIN SALIM




Keywords: Intermetallic compound; SAC305; oxidation copper lead frame

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To study the growth of IMC in the soldering joint when attach the solder

on the oxidation copper lead frame.

Design/methodology/approach – The nanoindentation test will be conducted to see

the differences in mechanical properties of the sample. The thickness of the oxidation

level also will be observed by using SEM.

Findings – The result shows the different heat treatment that has been promoted

towards the copper lead frame can produces different thickness of the oxidation layer

on the copper lead frame.

Originality/value – The result of the experimental studies shows the mechanism of

the formation of the oxidation which this information is crucial to find the factor

effecting the growth of the IMC.



ID: 5

20 | PRiSME2019

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF GEOSPATIAL IMAGE SOLUTION

USING ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING APPROACH

ADHWA ATIRA BINTI ZAINAL ABIDIN*, MOHD AZLI BIN SALIM, MOHD ZAID BIN

AKOP




Keywords: Geospatial; additive manufacturing; topology

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To develop a new method for printing geospatial images and evaluate the

performance by using additive manufacturing approach.

Design/methodology/approach – The research was done by focusing on evaluating

the material properties for ABS and PLA for geospatial topology product produce by

FDM 3D printing that involve quantitative (tensile, impact, and flexural) and qualitative

(3D scanner, surface roughness, and SEM) data and how to print 3D topology model

from scratch.

Findings – The finding of the studies shows by using proper standard of testing which

is ASTM standard.Surface analysis was made by using the method of analysis to the

quality of surface integrity. The experiment showed significant differences between the

results obtained from the test.

Originality/value – Geospatial technology is still lacking of this technologies in

Malaysia that can print out the geospatial integrated system such as location, contour,

mapping, condition and many more whether in actual size, pattern or in ratio size.



ID: 6

21 | PRiSME2019

ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE SILVER INK ADHESION ON

STRETCHABLE AND FLEXIBLE THERMOPLASTIC

POLYURETHANE (TPU)

AFIQAH BINTI MOHD YUNOS*, GHAZALI BIN OMAR, NOR AZMMI BIN MASRIPAN




Keywords: Adhesion promoter; screen printing; adhesion bonding

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To study the effect of adhesion promoter in enhancing adhesion bonding

between ink and substrate.

Design/methodology/approach – Silver ink was directly mixed with adhesion

promoter. Then printed on Thermoplastic polyurethane by screen printing. Printed

track will be subjected to curing by standard convention oven. Next, printed track

undergo several analysis: electrical analysis, mechanical analysis (adhesion test),

electromechanical analysis and morphological analysis.

Findings – Experiment is currently being conducted.

Originality/value – The result of this studies demonstrate the potential of adhesion

promoter in enhancing the adhesion bonding between ink and substrate which useful

for fabricating flexible and stretchable printed electronic.



ID: 7

22 | PRiSME2019

A STUDY ON PRINTABILITY AND RELIABILITY PATTERN UNDER

DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTAL LOADING

HARTINI BINTI SAAD*, MOHD AZLI BIN SALIM, MUHD RIDZUAN BIN MANSOR




Keywords: Straight line-shape circuit; resisitivity; voltage conductivity

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To study the effect on curing temperature on the resistivity and voltage

conductivity for straight line-shape circuit printed on PET.

Design/methodology/approach – The sample was cured at 140°C, 150°C and 160°C

temperature for approximately 30 minutes. Resistivity and voltage conductivity was

measured at different points of the circuit using multi-meter. Three repetitions were

made for all measurement points. The resistivity and voltage conductivity values were

calculated by average.

Findings – The experiment showed the different curing temperature did not affect

values of the resisitivity or voltage conductivity measurements in the same points of

the straight line-shape.

Originality/value – The results of the experimental studies demonstrate the difference

curing temperature at the same points of the measurements give the same results.



ID: 8

23 | PRiSME2019

THERMO-MECHANICAL OF SILVER-FILLED CONDUCTIVE

POLYMER COMPOSITE (SFCP) ON STRETCHABLE

THERMOPLASTIC POLYURETHANE (TPU) SUBSTRATE

SITI ASHIKIN AZLI*, GHAZALI BIN OMAR, NOREFFENDY BIN TAMALDIN




Keywords: Silver filled conductive polymer composite (SFCP); thermo-mechanical;

sheet resistance

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To investigate the effect of thermal and strain on the electrical and

mechanical performances of SFCP using screen printing method.

Design/methodology/approach – Three in-situ experiments were selected for SFCP.

For the thermal test, the SFCP was exposed to different temperatures. During the strain

test, the samples were stretched at different strain levels in room temperature

condition and both of test were conducted for thermal and strain test.

Findings – Observations from the thermal experiment show that the sheet resistance

of SFCP decreased with the increasing temperature and the results from strain test

experiment show that the sheet resistance increased with increasing strain.However,

in the thermal and strain test, the sheet resistance of the SFCP decreases with

increasing temperature.

Originality/value – The results of the experimental studies demonstrate the potential

of SFCP on thermo-mechanical effects for the electronic industry.



ID: 9

24 | PRiSME2019

FAILURE MECHANISM OF ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODES

(OLEDS) INDUCED BY HYGROTHERMAL EFFECT

MUHAMMAD AZRAIN BIN MOHAMMAD*, MUHD RIDZUAN BIN MANSOR, SITI

HAJAR BINTI SHEIKH MD FADZULLAH




Keywords: OLEDs; failure mechanism; non-operated mode

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To study the failure mechanism of OLEDs induced by hygrothermal effect

via non-operated mode.

Design/methodology/approach – A hygrothermal aging test was conducted on a

batch of commercially fully-encapsulated OLEDs at 85 °C and 85% RH in a humidity

chamber. The OLEDs were exposed to such extreme condition at the different time of

exposure. An interlayer analysis was performed by using FESEM equipment.

Findings – Two primary modes of failure were noticed within the failed sample. The

first process involves the formation of centered-burst defects, and the second mode is

the ring-shaped delamination of cathode film.

Originality/value – This study solely focuses on the behavior of OLEDs under non-

operated mode (no current is applied throughout the respective test).



ID: 10

25 | PRiSME2019

THE EFFECT OF THERMAL LOADING ON THE WETTABILITY

BEHAVIOUR OF INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND

YOGESWARAN GNANASEGARAN*, AHMAD ANAS BIN YUSOF, MOHAMAD FIRDAUS

BIN SUKRI




Keywords: Temperature; intermetallic compound; wettability

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To study the effect of various type of temperature on wettability behavior

of intermetallic compound Cu,Pb,Sn and Ag.

Design/methodology/approach – Samples of flip-chip is selected and bonded on

the substrate and the product is reflow into reflow oven with different type of

temperature setting. The process involve is die bond, dispensing process, reflow

process, cross sectional analysis and scanning electron process. Three type of

temperature is tested 280°C,290°C and 300°C.

Findings – The experiments shows that Cu play an important role on the presence of

atmospheric oxygen when chip is bonded on the substrate. Different temperature set

and different level of oxygen concentration can be observed that the behavior of

intermetallic compound such as Cu and Sn act as adhesion material.

Originality/value – The result of experiments can be implemented in semiconductor

sector to enhance their bonding system related to Cu and Sn compound to have good

and adhesive bonding without presence of high oxygen level using forming gas flow

rate of 12%.



ID: 11

26 | PRiSME2019

MODELING OF LOCAL RAILWAY VEHICLE WITH

MATLAB/SIMULINK

MUHAMMAD HAZWAN BIN MD JAMAL*, MOHD AZMAN BIN ABDULLAH, FAUZI BIN

AHMAD




Keywords: Modeling; railway vehicle; matlab/simulink

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To modeling of 17 degree of freedom model for a full scale local railway

vehicle.

Design/methodology/approach – The mathematical model of local railway vehicle

and related motion equation are established for a 17-DOF local railway vehicle model

consisting vertical and pitch movement of the vehicle and then, the steps transferring

the related mathematical model of the system to the Matlab/Simulink for the solution

are presented.

Findings – The 17-DOF model for a full scale local railway vehicle is developed.

Originality/value – The results of the experimental studies demonstrate that the

simulated of the model are in good match with the measured sample data.



ID: 12

27 | PRiSME2019

YAW ANGLE EFFECT ON THE AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTIC

OF ROAD VEHICLE FITTED WITH REAR-SPOILER

CHIN KWANG YHEE*, CHENG SEE YUAN, NAZRI BIN MD DAUD




Keywords: Aerodynamics; yaw angle; spoiler

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To study the yaw angle effect on the aerodynamic performances of a

hatchback vehicle mounted with rear spoiler through experiment.

Design/methodology/approach – The hatchback model was based on the Ahmed

body at 35° slant angle. All aerodynamic forces and surface pressures measurements

were done in a low speed wind tunnel at the Reynold number of 2.7 x 10^6. Four

different cases were conducted, namely Baseline, Strip, Wing and Combo.

Findings – Yaw angle shown to have negative effect to the aerodynamic performance

of the vehicle model in all four cases. However, the addition of spoilers did contribute

to the reduction of Cd and Cl when compared to the Baseline case.

Originality/value – An effective spoiler will improve ride comfort and safety during

cornering. Hence, this study contributed to the establishment of knowledge of how

the flow characteristics of spoiler are affected by yaw angle change associated to

cornering.



ID: 13

28 | PRiSME2019

PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTIC FOR B10, B20 & B30 PALM

OIL-BASED BIODIESEL

MOHD HAFIDZ BIN ZAKARIA*, NOREFFENDY BIN TAMALDIN, FAUZI BIN AHMAD




Keywords: Blend; biodiesel; engine performance

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To study the effect of different blending ratio of palm methyl ester on the

diesel engine.

Design/methodology/approach – B10 was chosen as a reference fuel and

benchmark throughout the test and been used for blending B20 and B30 fuel. The fuel

had been tested in a single cylinder diesel engine using the engine dynamometer.

Findings – The result shows the increasing of blending ratio has increased the engine

power and torque. However, the specific fuel consumption is getting worst when the

ratio is higher.

Originality/value – The experimental results clearly shows the future problem that will

arise when higher blend ratio of palm oil biodiesel is used. Further exploration is

needed in how to reduce the fuel consumption for higher blend of biodiesel.



ID: 14

29 | PRiSME2019

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF HHO CELL GENERATOR FOR

IMPROVED ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION

AJAT SUDRAJAT*, NOREFFENDY BIN TAMALDIN, AHMAD KAMAL BIN MAT YAMIN




Keywords: Electrode plate treatment; hybrid generator cell; calibration method

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To increase HHO gas production for engine testing and emission

characterization.

Design/methodology/approach – The purpose of this research is as follows (a)

Surface quality treatment-plate of SS316L HHO cell design & manufacture HHO gas -

energy contents, (b) real engine testing, performance & emission, (c) validation

analysis & optimization.

Findings – The novelty in this study is the combination of two types of HHO cells, wet

cells and dry cells into new cells. New cell types may increase production volumes and

better HHO gas qualities and work at low temperatures and low currents.

Originality/value – In the HHO hybrid generator research, it solve the need for

renewable & sustainable energy and environmentally friendly. Less dependency from

fossil fuel & independent from fluctuation of energy prices.



ID: 15

30 | PRiSME2019

MODELLING AND CONTROL OF A SEMI ACTIVE

MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL DAMPER FOR ENGINE MOUNTING

SYSTEMS

MOHAMAD ZAHARUDIN BIN SARIMAN*, AHMAD KAMAL BIN MAT YAMIN, FAUZI

BIN AHMAD




Keywords: Magnetorheological Damper; MR engine mounting; vibration attenuation

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To investigate the vibration attenuation of the engine by using MR engine

mounting system.

Design/methodology/approach – The fatigue testing system (FTS) were conducted

on MR engine mounting to develop the non-parametric model. Then, a force tracking

control system developed to the model which control the desired damping force.

Finally, control system to attenuate the vibration proposed by controlling the damping

force of the MR engine mounting.

Findings – This study showed the significant reduction of the vibration produced from

engine before transfer to the vehicle chassis. A good control system demonstrate the

effectiveness of system in controlling the vibration.

Originality/value – The results of this study provides the effectiveness of MR fluids in

Engine mounting application. Besides that, this study very important to provide further

application in automotive industries.



ID: 16

31 | PRiSME2019

EFFECT OF LOW FREQUENCY EXCITATION FOR CRACK

DETECTION USING NONLINEAR VIBRO-ACOUSTIC METHOD

TINO HERMANTO*, ABD RAHMAN BIN DULLAH, RUZTAMREEN BIN JENAL




Keywords: Nonlinear vibro-acoustic; fatigue crack; laser doppler vibrometer

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To investigates the effect of three different low frequency excitation on

center cracked aluminium plate using nonlinear vibro-acoustic method.

Design/methodology/approach – The plate was hung with cords to provide free

boundary condition. A mechanical shaker and piezoelectric transducer were used to

provide simultaneous interaction between low frequency excitation and high

frequency inputs respectively. The modal analysis was validated by finite element

model simulation.

Findings – The experimental results show that first vibration mode frequency produces

the significant effect on defect detection. The effective location for excitation's are at

the center near the crack line and at the edge of plate.

Originality/value – As first vibration mode shows the highest non linear wave

interaction, it is considered as the most effective mode for fatigue crack detection.



ID: 17

32 | PRiSME2019

STUDY ON IMAGE ENHANCEMENT IN INFRARED

THERMOGRAPHY ON ALUMINUM

SAFI SAFWAN BIN SAMSUDDIN*, ABD RAHMAN BIN DULLAH, NOR SALIM BIN

MUHAMMAD




Keywords: Infrared thermography; finite element analysis; image processing

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To study the probability of using FEA and image processing enhancement

technique to improve the defect visibility in IRT.

Design/methodology/approach – The FEA analysis of IRT technique were conducted

on defected aluminum plate under the different parameter such as time for heat

exposure on the plate surface. the image processing enhancement technique

(averaging method) were be applied during the data analysis to increase the visibility

of defect.

Findings – The study showed significant differences between the results obtained

from the raw experimental work, FEA work and after applied the averaging method. By

using the FEA and averaging method in IRT can increase the performance during the

defect detection in aluminum plate.

Originality/value – The results of the experimental studies demonstrate the using

FEA to improve defect detection in material and the using of averaging method to

increase the accuracy and quality of the simulation result.



ID: 18

33 | PRiSME2019

SOUND ABSORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF 2D LATTICE

STRUCTURE PRODUCE BY ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING.

DG HAFIZAH BINTI KASSIM*, AZMA PUTRA, ROSZAIDI BIN RAMLAN




Keywords: Acoustic; sound absorption; additive manufacturing

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To study sound absorption capability of lattice derived sound absorber

fabricated by additive manufacturing method.

Design/methodology/approach – Research focused on the laboratory test by using

impedance tube measuring the sound absorption coefficient of sound absorber

fabricated according to lattice derived geometries according to the two-microphone

transfer function method. Produce-ability of suitable sound absorber is achieved by

formulating a rule based on the relations between geometries and performance.

Findings – Results shows the probability of producing a sound absorption coefficient

characteristic that is not limited on the tailored design, fabrication and material.

Originality/value – Results demonstrate the potential of producing new types of

sound absorber applying digital fabrication processes to the design stage thus later

can replace the narrowband performance of identical sound absorber structure.



ID: 19

34 | PRiSME2019

CHARACTERISATION OF A WIDEBAND NONLINEAR DYNAMIC

VIBRATION ABSORBER (DVA)

MUHAMMAD HARITH BIN MUSTAFFER*, ROSZAIDI BIN RAMLAN, AZMA PUTRA




Keywords: Nonlinear; hardening; piecewise

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To characterize the static and dynamic properties of the proposed NDVA.

To validate the performance of the NDVA on structure.

Design/methodology/approach – The research focused on characterization and

performance analysis for theoretical and experimental analysis. On the theoretical part

the equivalent stiffness method was implemented to find the nonlinear stiffness value.

On the experimental part the quasi-static and harmonic excitation was to find static

and dynamic respectively. Lastly the performance was validated.

Findings – Static characterization result shows that force-deflection curve to be

hardening-like piecewise linear stiffness characteristic. Dynamic characteristic result

shows widening of frequency range response. Finally the performance of the proposed

NDVA show significant improvement compared to the linear one.

Originality/value – Comprehensive study was conducted on characterization of

NDVA base on different block configuration, input amplitude, mass, stiffness and

damping parameter. Each parameter were then studied for the effect on the

performance on structure.



ID: 20

35 | PRiSME2019

MODELLING THE SOUND TRANSMISSION LOSS OF DOOR

SEALING SYSTEM USING HYBRID FE-SEA METHOD

NORZAILAN AZAHARI*, AZMA PUTRA, REDUAN BIN MAT DAN




Keywords: Transmission loss; door sealing system; hybrid fe-sea

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To study the modeling of 3-D transmission loss of the door sealing system

using Hybrid FE-SEA method.

Design/methodology/approach – The technique will employ 3-D hybrid FE-SEA

model of the seal and the air channel around the seal. Once the transmission loss has

obtained, the model was used to evaluate the parameter effect the transmission loss

in order to improve the transmission loss of the door sealing system.

Findings – The result of simulation and experimental work shows a good agreement

and almost similar trend for frequency above 1000 Hz with error less than 10dB. Study

of parameters that effect the transmission loss can lead to improvement of the

transmission loss for a better insulation.

Originality/value – The methodology and results of simulation from this study can be

very useful for further application/study to improvise the sealing design and make

better automotive insulation.



ID: 21

36 | PRiSME2019

INFLUENCE OF PROCESS PARAMETER IN WIRE AND ARC

ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING PROCESS

NOR ANA BINTI ROSLI*, MOHD RIZAL BIN ALKAHARI, MOHD FADZLI BIN ABDOLLAH




Keywords: Additive manufacturing; WAAM; process parameters

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To investigate the effect of main process parameters such as wire feed

speed and travel speed.

Design/methodology/approach – The test was performed using 3D printing

machine integrated with gas metal arc welding (GMAW). The layer was deposited on

6 mm thickness of substrate. In this work, 5 layers were deposited under different

values of travel speed and wire feed speed. The deposition was performed with 70 mm

length.

Findings – The result showed the main process parameter has a major influence on

deposition width and deposition height. As the travel speed increase, the layer

deposited getting worse and defect starts to take place.

Originality/value – The result presented is important to obtain the deposition of the

intended shape without defects and deliver high quality of the 3D metal part by

understanding adequately on how parameters involved.



ID: 22

37 | PRiSME2019

SURFACE INTEGRITY AND CHARACTERIZATION OF 3D METAL

PART PRINTED FROM 3D METAL PRINTER

NG CHIN TATT*, MOHD RIZAL BIN ALKAHARI, FAIZ REDZA BIN RAMLI




Keywords: Selective lser melting; 3D metal printing; surface integrity

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To analyse the surface integrity and characterization of 3D metal part

printed from 3D metal printer .

Design/methodology/approach – Porosity, surface roughness is observed and

recorded using different samples. Different geometry of printed parts will be used as

observing samples. The samples are observed again after sandblast to determine the

improvement in surface integrity. Apart from printed parts, the build platform is also

used as samples in this process.

Findings – The porosity of the 3D printed metal part using Stainless Steel 316L powder

bonds each other well with 50 microns in average size and shows little gap between

particles. The surface roughness of metal part exceeds the expected roughness and is

better after undergoes sandblast.

Originality/value – 3D metal printer is considered a low-cost machine compared to

industry printer. It uses SLM process to fuse the metal powder. The surface integrity of

the 3D metal printed part has yet to be recorded by anyone using similar machine.



ID: 23

38 | PRiSME2019

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF METAL STRUCTURE FABRICATED

USING 3D PRINTER

JOHNNIE LIEW ZHONG LI*, MOHD RIZAL BIN ALKAHARI, RAFIDAH BINTI HASAN




Keywords: WAAM; 3D metal printing; rapid prototyping

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To identify the optimal parameter and analyse the capability of MIG welding

and MPAW in producing 3D printed structure.

Design/methodology/approach – Design of engineering parts will be designed in

STL file. Parameter such as layer height, travel speed, wire feed rate and perimeter will

be studied.Characterization on the manufactured part’s quality and geometry will be

performed. The process variation and influence investigation on the quality of the

printed will be explored.

Findings – Layer height, travel speed, current, wire speed rate and voltage have effect

on MIG 3D metal printing. Different parameter flows has different printing structure.

Originality/value – 40 layers metal structure can be fabricated using MIG 3D metal

printer.



ID: 24

39 | PRiSME2019

TRIBOLOGICAL PERFORMANCES OF GRAPHENE GROWN FROM

SOLID WASTE

NOOR AYUMA BINTI MAT TAHIR*, MOHD FADZLI BIN ABDOLLAH, NOREFFENDY BIN

TAMALDIN




Keywords: Graphene; coating; friction

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To obtain the tribological performances of graphene grown from solid

waste products.

Design/methodology/approach – The graphene grown in this study were obtained

by using Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) method from solid waste products; Fruit

Cover Plastic Waste (FCPW) and Oil Palm Fiber (OPF). The graphene coatings were then

tested under dry sliding test by using ball on disc tribometer.

Findings – All coated and uncoated surfaces are directly proportional to sliding speed

and applied load. However, the presence of graphene coating reduces COF

significantly. Graphene coating from OPF sources produce slightly better performance

compared to FCPW source as the COF are slightly low.

Originality/value – This study emphasis on the tribological potentials of graphene

grown from solid waste products as friction reduction materials.



ID: 25

40 | PRiSME2019

TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANO ZINC COMPOUND

MIXED WITH PALM OIL

MUHAMMAD AIZAT BIN MD ALIAS*, MOHD FADZLI BIN ABDOLLAH,




Keywords: Palm oil; ZDDC; ZDoDP

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To investigate the composition of lubricant and tribological properties of

palm oil mixed with organo zinc compound as additive.

Design/methodology/approach – Palm oil were mix with

ZincDioctyldithiophosphate and ZincDiamyldithiocarbamate at 0 to 3.0 wt.%

concentrations.The sample tested for elemental analysis (ASTM D6595), viscosity index

(ASTM D2270), flashpoint (ASTM D3728) and acid number (D664). Lastly, a fourball

tribometer (ASTM D4172) and SEM iwh EDX software were tested for tribological

properties.

Findings – The results shows that commercialized palm oil with with 2 wt. % of

ZnDoDP had an excellent characteristic in terms of its lubricant properties, such as its

viscosity index, coefficient of friction, and wear than commercialized palm oil with the

addition of 2 wt. % of ZDDC.

Originality/value – Previous studies shows that organo zinc compound mixed with

vegetable oil (corn, canola, karanja, coconut) provides a good tribological properties.



ID: 26

41 | PRiSME2019

TENSILE, QUASI-STATIC INDENTATION AND IMPACT

PROPERTIES OF KENAF/GLASS HYBRID COMPOSITE METAL

LAMINATE

KATHIRAVAN SUBRAMANIAM*, OMAR BIN BAPOKUTTY, SIVAKUMAR A/L DHAR

MALINGAM




Keywords: Fibre metal laminate; natural fibre; hybrid structure

ABSTRACT

Purpose – Investigate effect of laminate stacking configuration on the tensile, quasi-

static and low velocity impact behaviour of hybrid metal laminate system .

Design/methodology/approach – Aluminium layers are bonded to composite in 2/1

configuration by means of adhesive agent fabricated through hot compression

method. Tensile test conducted accordance to ASTM E8. Quasi-static indentation and

conducted accordance to ASTM D 6264. Low velocity impact test the tested at constant

mass and variable drop height.

Findings – Found Hybrid FML with glass as outer layer and kenaf as core (Kenaf/glass)

displayed significant improvement in sense of tensile, quasi-static indentation and Low

velocity impact compared to non-hybrid FML (glass).

Originality/value – Natural/synthetic Fibre metal laminate (kenaf/glass fibre) FML.



ID: 27

42 | PRiSME2019

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CROSS-PLY BANANA-GLASS

FIBRE REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES

NORIZZATI BINTI ZULKAFLI*, SIVAKUMAR A/L DHAR MALINGAM, SITI HAJAR BINTI

SHEIKH MD FADZULLAH




Keywords: Banana fibre; Hybrid composites; mechanical properties

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To study the mechanical properties of banana fibre as reinforcement in

composites.

Design/methodology/approach – The composites were prepared using hot press

machine with dimension of 250 x 250 x 3.5 mm for four different stacking sequences

(BBB, BGB, GBG and GGG). Tensile, flexural and quasi-static indentation tests were done

according to ASTM standards.

Findings – The tensile and quasi-static properties increase with increasing glass fibre

in the composite. Similar trend was observed in flexural where increase in glass fibre

increase the flexural properties, however the hybrid GBG has higher value than GGG

composite.

Originality/value – This study was using cross-ply banana and glass fibres reinforced

polypropylene where the study of these materials are scarce. This study showed that

banana fibre can be use in out-of-plane application.



ID: 28

43 | PRiSME2019

CRUSHING BEHAVIOUR OF SIMPLE AND MULTI-CELL THIN-

WALLED WITH VARIOUS CROSS SECTION; EXPERIMENTALLY

AND NUMERICALLY

NOOR DINA GHAZALI*, KAMARUL ARIFFIN BIN ZAKARIA, MOHD BASRI BIN ALI




Keywords: Energy absorption characteristics; simple and multi-cell thin-walled tubes;

various cross-section

ABSTRACT

Purpose – to determine effects of various cross sectional shape on the crushing

behaviour of thin-walled tubes; single-cell and multi-cells.

Design/methodology/approach – crushing behaviours simple and multi-cell thin-

walled tubes with various cross section are experimentally and numerically examined

under axial loading condition. Three different shapes were tested; circular, square and

triangular thin-walled and aluminium honeycomb as a multi-cell.

Findings – there was good consistency between experimental and numerical results.

It was found that circular thin-walled tubes have greater value of energy absorption

characteristics compared to square and triangular thin-walled tubes. The results also

show that the effects of multi-celled offered the best energy absorption characteristics.

Originality/value – by increasing the number of corners help improve the energy

absorption characteristics of the thin-walled tubes. Results also show multi-cell

sections proposed greater crushing behaviour in comparison with simple sections.



ID: 29

44 | PRiSME2019

FORMULATION OF THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES TOWARDS

ENHANCING KENAF/PINEAPPLE LEAF FIBRE REINFORCED

COMPOSITES

NG LIN FENG*, SIVAKUMAR A/L DHAR MALINGAM, MOHD ZULKEFLI BIN SELAMAT




Keywords: Composite materials; natural fibres; mechanical properties

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To investigate the effects of fibre compositions and chemical treatments on

the mechanical properties of composite materials.

Design/methodology/approach – The composite materials with different fibre

compositions were fabricated through the hot compression moulding process. The

composite materials were then subjected to various mechanical tests, including tensile,

flexural and impact tests with reference to ASTM D3039, ASTM D790 and ASTM D6110

respectively. Thereafter, fracture mechanism of the composites were studied.

Findings – The findings demonstrated the mechanical properties of the composites

improved with the increasing of fibre content. However, the mechanical strength

dropped when the fibre content was above the critical limit. It was also shown that

alkali and silane treatment at 5% and 3% respectively resulted in the highest

mechanical strength.

Originality/value – The overall results evidenced the potential of kenaf and pineapple

leaf fibres as the reinforcement in the composites. Pineapple leaf fibre is considered as

the secondary fibre crop, therefore this research could reduce the agricultural waste

and explore



ID: 30

46 | PRiSME2019

PARAMETRIC STUDIES OF FACTORS AFFECTING FLAME

STABILIZATION IN MICRO COMBUSTOR WITH WIRE MESH

MUHAMMAD IKHWAN MUAZZAM BIN ZAINUDIN*, FUDHAIL BIN ABDUL MUNIR,

ADNAN BIN ROSELI




Keywords: Micro-combustor; flame stabilization; micro power generator

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To study the factor that can effect flame stabilization in micro combustor

with wire mesh.

Design/methodology/approach – Two types of numerical simulation were

performed which are 2D and 3D. Micro combustor with wire mesh geometry is

developed using Design Modeller software. This numerical simulation is performed by

using ANSYS Fluent Release 16.1 software. Results of the simulation are analyzed

based on flame stability in the micro combustor.

Findings – From the results, it is suggested that the flame stabilization limits for the

combustors has a direct relationship with the wall thickness. Besides, the strategy of

improving flame stabilization limits by increasing the wall thickness has a limited range

of effectiveness.

Originality/value – In this research, a wire mesh is introduced in the micro-combustor

which act as flame holder. Its located between the unburned and burned gas region.



ID: 31

47 | PRiSME2019

MECHANISM OF INLINE MIXING ENHANCEMENT WITH SYNTHETIC

JETS: THE EFFECT OF ORIFICE EDGE GEOMETRIC

CONFIGURATION

HONG MUN NOH*, CHENG SEE YUAN, NAZRI BIN MD DAUD




Keywords: Synthetic jet; jet mixing; orifice edge

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To investigate the mixing mechanism by means of synthetic jet under the

influence of orifice edge geometric configuration.

Design/methodology/approach – A fluid mixer that comprises a mixing channel

equipped with synthetic jet actuators will be modelled in CFD.The settings will be

validated and verified.The flow details to be abstracted from the CFD results will be

used to identify the mixing mechanism under the influence of orifice edge geometric

configuration.

Findings – The results showed that rounding and chamfering the orifice edges help to

improve the mixing efficiency of the fluid mixer as compared to the conventional sharp

orifice edges.

Originality/value – The findings of the study help to improve the mixing efficiency of

the conventional mixing devices, which plays a fundamental role in many applications,

including biochemical devices, chemical processing, admixing of liquid additives, etc.



ID: 32

48 | PRiSME2019

INVESTIGATION OF FLOW BEHAVIOR IN OSCILLATORY FLOW

ACROSS INTERNAL STRUCTURES USED IN THERMOACOUSTIC

DAHLIA BINTI JOHARI*, ERNIE BINTI MAT TOKIT, FATIMAH AL-ZAHRAH BINTI MOHD

SA'AT




Keywords: Flow behavior; oscillatory flow; thermoacoustic

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To study the flow behavior of the oscillatory flow in thermoacoustic rig

using different stack configuration.

Design/methodology/approach – The test was conducted in the 6.6 m and 4.8 m

test rig and the air was induced by using loudspeaker. The study was conducted for

different stacks length and location to find the optimal result.

Findings – The experimental result on different stacks length and location show

significant affect on the flow behavior. On the comparison between the experimental,

design software and the theoretical result the percentage different was rather small.

Originality/value – The results of the experimental and the simulation studies shows

the better length and position of the for the optimal flow in the thermoacoustic study.



ID: 33

49 | PRiSME2019

INVESTIGATION ON TENSILE BEHAVIOUR OF ABS FILAMENT ON

3D PRINTER

SYAZA NAJWA BINTI MOHD FARHAN HAN*, MASTURA BINTI MOHAMMAD TAHA,

MUHD RIDZUAN BIN MANSOR




Keywords: Tensile properties; 3D printer; ABS filament

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To investigate the tensile properties of ABS filament with different infill

pattern and infill density on 3D printer.

Design/methodology/approach – Different process parameters is set at 3D printer

which are hexagon and line for infill pattern whereas 90% and 100% for infill density

of the printed specimen. ABS filament were used to print specimen. Tensile testing is

conducted to investigate the tensile strength and tensile modulus of ABS filament.

Findings – The experiment showed that ABS specimen with line infill pattern and 100%

infill density have the highest tensile strength which is 46.13 MPa followed with 90%

infill density and line infill pattern which is 43.42 MPa and lastly 30.09 MPa for hexagon

and 90% infill density.

Originality/value – The results of the experiment shows the effect of infill pattern and

infill density on ABS specimen by studies the tensile properties of the specimen to

obtain the best infill pattern and infill density.



ID: 34

50 | PRiSME2019

PRELIMINARY DESIGN ON THE IEQ EVALUATION SYSTEM

UTILIZING IOT PLATFORM

MD EIRFAN SAFWAN BIN MD JASMAN*, TEE BOON TUAN, MD ISA BIN ALI




Keywords: IEQ; IAQ; thermal comfort

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To design an information management system based to acquire indoor

environment of building.

Design/methodology/approach – designing the work path and system configuration

to monitored IEQ in a building. The stages including the sensor, micro-

controller/microprocessor, storage and database using IoT platform.

Findings – An intelligent data collection system for mining building indoor

environment condition.

Originality/value – The design of the data collection system for building indoor

environment condition utilizing IoT platform.



ID: 35

51 | PRiSME2019

CENTRALISED ACMV SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION FOR

UNIVERSITY OFFICE BUILDING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

IMANUREZEKI BIN MOHAMAD*, AHMAD ANAS BIN YUSOF, HAYATI BINTI

ABDULLAH




Keywords: ACMV; energy efficiency; building energy

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To study centralised ACMV system based on present conditions to meet

standard level of cooling buildings performance.

Design/methodology/approach – A statistical analysis has been applied supporting

with significant results in terms of specific value, trends and comparisons. The

performance of centralised ACMV system is evaluated using HVAC-cx: Building –

energy load simulation to identify the difference between theoretical system efficient

values and real performance of system.

Findings – The results of this study found that the sub-system operation of centralised

ACMV system lead to lead to inefficient operation and therefore to higher building

energy demand.

Originality/value – This study will resolved the barriers to wider practice and suggest

a way forward to address the strategic procedure for university building energy

evaluation integrated with centralised ACMV system management; therefore,

recommendations and best practice



ID: 36

52 | PRiSME2019

DESIGN HIGH EFFICIENCY PHOTOVOLTAIC THERMAL SOLAR

COLLECTOR (PVT) SYSTEM BASED ON NOVEL ABSORBER

DESIGN

AMIRA LATEEF ABDULLAH*, SUHAIMI BIN MISHA, NOREFFENDY BIN TAMALDIN




Keywords: PVT; thermal efficiency; solar efficiency

ABSTRACT

Purpose – to enhance the thermal and solar efficiency of the system as well as enhance

the output power generations.

Design/methodology/approach – Novel dual oscillating absorber.

Findings – New photovoltaics thermal solar collectors based on different absorber

design.

Originality/value – Thermal efficiency 30% and solar efficiency 13%.



ID: 37

53 | PRiSME2019

A NOVEL DESIGN OF PHOTOVOLTAIC THERMAL SOLAR

COLLECTOR SYSTEM BASED ON IMPROVED PARALLEL FLOW

ABSORBER

FADHIL ABDULAMEER SACHIT*, MOHD AFZANIZAM BIN MOHD ROSLI,

NOREFFENDY BIN TAMALDIN




Keywords: Solar energy; PV/T system; absorber design

ABSTRACT

Purpose – To improve the photovoltaic efficiency and the overall performance of PV/T

system.

Design/methodology/approach – The new design of absorber in PV/T system

developed and modelled theoretically by using Matlab sumulink and validate

experimentally.

Findings – The new design of PV/T system based on improved parallel flow absorber.

Modelling of new PV/T design. Improve the photovoltaic efficiency and overall

performance of PV/T system.

Originality/value – New design of PV/T system.

Documents

CONTENTS...DR. MOHD AFZANIZAM BIN MOHD ROSLI Postgraduate Co-ordinator 5 | PRiSME2019 VENUE 11 13 15 16 00 40 N A1 N A2 N A3 N A4 00 40 N B1 N B2 N B3 N B4 1240 LE PRiSME2019 - WEDNESDAY