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ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
Next Generation NetworksConvergence, evolution and roadmaps
Dr. Sathya Rao,Telscom Consulting, [email protected]
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
NGN Applications Requirement
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
IP Everywhere
• The Internet Protocol is becoming pervasive– but it was designed over 20 years ago
• More and more devices are using IP– and they require reachability– places a demand on IP address space– 1 billion IP devices by 2003– requires IP routing to be scalable
• IP is a convergence protocol for the evolution of next generation networks
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
Internet - the way forward
• Internet today– Millions of users– Web, email, low-quality audio & video– Applications adapt to underlying technology
• Next Generation Network of tomorrow– Billions of users and devices– Convergence of applications and services– New technologies lead to novel applications– Building a real information society with ‘Always-
on Network’– Global village a reality
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
Internet Growth
• Current estimates– 300M users online worldwide, US/Europe-centric– 70M hosts connected with global IP addresses
• Most of these are with fixed network
• Growth of Mobile internet– WAP, GPRS, EDGE, UMTS,.. With data services
• Limitations of IPv4 – with 32-bit addressing allows 4B hosts– but allocation has been done inefficiently– some institutions own a Class A address space– CIDR and NAT have only patched the problems
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
Networked Society
IP
• Different types of network infrastructures are linked through common protocol
• All communication will be based on packets running on circuit, packet and wireless networks
• There will be convergence at service level to reach any one from anywhere at any time
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
Fixed vs. mobile access
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
1995 2000 2005 2010
Subscriptions worldwide (millions)
Source: UMTS
Mobile Multimedia
BasicMobileFixed Telecom subscribers
Fixed Internet subscribers
2000
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
Mobile Internet will be always-on
19991999 20002000 2002200220012001
Sess
ions
/ M
onth
/ G
SM s
ub(le
adin
g m
arke
ts)
Usage
Mobile WWW (WAP)Mobile WWW (WAP)
Fixed WWWFixed WWW
WAPGPRS
IPv6
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
NGN Requirements-IPv6
• Requirements– Scalability of networks with address space,QoS and
security, which are basic features of IPv6 networks– Connectivity with existing IPv4 networks is necessary– IPv6 should happen from the edges, not from the core.– Applications are important for pushing IPv6
• it has to be transparent to the end user– Interoperability with IPv4 has a cost
• 100% interoperability is not always necessary– We need a credible transition story.
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
3GPP standards status
• Issues addressed in 3GPP Rel 5 type network i.e. fast radio via UTRAN, separation of PS and IM domains and addresses:– IP address allocation– Header compression with security– Interworking with IPv4 network– SIP VoIP (and possible multimedia)– QoS– DNS– Interworking of PS and IM domains– Roaming– Time to setup GTP tunnels– Etc
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
Moving towards IPv6...
Moving towards IPv6 is both a near-term and a long -term concern of network dependent businesses
• equipment manufacturersequipment manufacturersequipment manufacturersequipment manufacturers• network ownersnetwork ownersnetwork ownersnetwork owners• service providersservice providersservice providersservice providers
and public authorities, such as the EC.
For Europe, it is at the same time a challenge and an opportunity
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
Related projects
• 6INIT: IPv6 network intiative• 6WINIT: Wireless IPv6 initiative• MobyDick: Fixed mobile network
trials• WINE: Wireless internet• NGN Initiative• GEANT: Pan European academic
network• OPTIMIST
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
Technologies and Services Convergence
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
R/Evolution vs. User demand
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
Networking Technologies
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
IP,ATM, Optical Technologies
Access Core
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
Evolution of Transmission Technology
– 1st Generation: Copper is transmission medium
– 2nd Generation: Optical Fiber (late 80s) • Higher data rates; longer link lengths
– Dense Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (DWDM, 1994)
• Fiber exhaust forces DWDM• Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) lower
DWDM transmission cost– 3rd Generation: Intelligent optical networking
(1999)• Routing and signaling for optical paths
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
Dense Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (DWDM)
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1
2
3
N
---
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
DWDM Evolution
– Faster (higher speed per wave), • 40 Gb/s on the horizon
– Thicker (more waves), • 160 waves possible today
– Longer (link lengths before regeneration) • A few thousand km possible today
– 160 waves at 10 Gb/s = 1.6 Tb/s• 25 million simultaneous phone calls• 5 million books per minute
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
Optical Pass-Through (Routing)
IP/ATM/SDH
Node A Node B Node C Node A Node B Node C
No optical pass-through With optical pass-through
IP/ATM/SDH
IP/ATM/SDH
IP/ATM/SDH
IP/ATM/SDH
IP/ATM/SDH
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
Intelligent Optical Networking
• Optics is not merely a transmission technology– Optics provides a flexible layer upon which to
deliver network service• DWDM provides enormous link capacities
– DWDM: Physical layer of Intelligent Optical Network
• Routing and signaling of optical paths– Provides significant economies over
conventional network architectures– Enables revolutionary new services
• 2.5 Gb/s path from anywhere to anywhere, on demand!
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
Next Generation Networks International Initiatives
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
IETF: IP Next Generation• Main issue: transition from IPv4 to IPv6 technology
– Expanded Routing and Addressing Capabilities– Header Format Simplification – Improved Support for Options– Quality-of-Service Capabilities– Authentication and Privacy Capabilities– Autoconfiguration– Multihoming– http://www.ietf.org
• IPv6 Forum (http://www.IPv6forum.com)– Associated to IETF, founded in Europe to promote
IPv6 among industry partners for smooth transition
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
3GPP: Third Generation Partnership Project
• 3GPP will provide globally applicable Technical Specifications for a 3rd Generation Mobile System based on the evolved GSM core network, and the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), to be transposed by relevant standardization bodies (Organizational Partners) into appropriate deliverables (e.g., standards).
• UMTS Forum and 3GPP are working together for the successful introduction and development of UMTS/IMT-2000 ’’third generation’’ mobile communications systems.
• www.3gpp.org
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
Internet 2• Develop and deploy advanced network applications
and technologies, accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s Internet– Enable new generation of applications– Re-create leading edge R&E network capability– Transfer technology and experience to the
global production Internet• Focus Areas
– Advanced Applications– Middleware– Advanced Network Infrastructure– New Network Capabilities– Partnerships
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
IPv6 testing backbone network
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
CANARIE Inc: Canadian Initiative
MISSION• To facilitate the development of Canada’s
communications infrastructure and stimulate next generation products, applications and services
• Canadian equivalent to Internet 2 and NGI• private-sector led, not-for-profit consortium• consortium formed 1993• federal funding of $300m (1993-99)• total project costs estimated over $600 M• currently over 140 members; 21 Board members
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
European Initiatives
• DANTE: pan-European network to interconnect the European National Research Networks: SURFNET (NL), JANET (UK), WIN (G), SWITCH (CH), RENATER (F)…
• DANTE's European dimension– TEN-155 Network (Quantum)– Q-MED: TEN-155 network interconnection with
national research networks of Israel and Cyprus– GEANT (follow-up of TEN-155 towards multi
Gigabit core network interconnecting national research networks)
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
TEN-155/GEANT Network
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
European experiments: Telia Example
Telephony, VoD, IP-VPN Audio/video, broadcast, e-commerce
WWW, File transfer, Games,On-line shopping,
E-mail, etcServices +Businesses
Optical network (DWDM)PSTN/ISDN, MPLS, IP-net, etc
ServicesNetworks
IP basedbroadband access
Transport and service networkindependent communicationprotocol
IP
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
Telia Experiment
The IP-Plug is the next generation
communications-plug for both Ring
and Web-tone
10 10 10 10 ----> 100 > 100 > 100 > 100 ----> 1000 > 1000 > 1000 > 1000 ----> ……. Mbit/s> ……. Mbit/s> ……. Mbit/s> ……. Mbit/s
EthernetEthernetCustomer equipment/Home LAN
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
Next Generation Network Initiative
• A European IST project to promote the converging next generation networking technologies– A group of IST projects representatives would work
towards an international co-operative work through developing roadmaps, benchmark reports and well established links to international research groups.
• Will establish different focus topical groups• Will manage a central secretariat• Will provide links to research projects• promotes the contribution to standards groups
ITU workshop: Transition towards Next Generation Networks
Conclusions• NGN initiative launched to study innovative NGN
R/Evolution• Networks will have variety of access and core
networks to serve the society• Interworking and interoperability would be major
issues• NGN (IPv6, 3G and WDM) would be widely deployed
to provide broadband, high quality and secure services
• New communication software will drive the evolution with differentiated value added services
• Standards play a key role in NGN vision