Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.1 Chapter 1: Understanding Human Communication This multimedia product and its contents are

Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 1

Chapter 1: Understanding Human Communication

This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law:*any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network;*preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images;*any rental, lease, or lending of the program


Quotable Quote

"We listen to the equivalent of a book a day, talk the equivalent of a book a week, read the equivalent of a book a month, and write the equivalent of a book a year.”

Walter Loban, School of Education

University of California, Berkeley

Source: M. H. Buckley (1992) “Focus on Research,” Language Arts, 69: 101-109.


Do You Have the Right Stuff for the Job?

Employers ranked the following skills in terms of their importance for hiring college graduates. How would you rank these skills?

___ Analytical Skills ___Writing Skills

___Computer Skills ___Interpersonal Skills

___Teamwork Skills ___Leadership skills

___Oral Communication Skills

___Proficiency in Field of Study


Communication FunctionsProvide More Examples

• Personal: To comfort a grieving friend

• Professional: _________________________

• Education: To give an A+ oral report in class

• Intercultural: __________________________ • Intellectual: To explain a complex principle

• Societal: To critically and fairly analyze the candidates in an election

• Ethical: To stand up and support what is right


Define Communication

Use these words and phrases to write a definition of communication

verbal and nonverbal message

process contexts

meaning messages

cultures generate

channels within and across


Communication Defined

The process of using verbal and nonverbal messages to generate meaning within and

across various contexts, cultures, and channels


Context, Culture, and Channels

• Context: Where, when, with whom, and under what circumstances you communicate

• Culture: The characteristics, attitudes, and behaviors of diverse communicators

• Channels: Transmitting messages via sight, sound, taste, smell, and/or touch


Seven Elements and Guiding Principles of

Effective Communication• Self: Know thy self• Others: Connect with others• Purpose: Determine your goal• Context: Adapt to the place and occasion• Content: Select appropriate content• Structure: Organize your message• Expression: Practice skillful expression


Self and Others


Purpose and Context


Content and Structure


Expression


Communication Contexts

• Psychosocial Context

• Logistical Context

• Interactional Context

• Mediated Context


Interactional Contexts

Provide a Second Example• Interpersonal Communication Examples:

(1) Parent and child; (2) ______________

• Group Communication Examples:

(1) Staff meeting; (2) _________________

• Presentational Communication Examples:

(1) Sermon; (2) _____________________


Interpersonal Communication

Occurs when a limited number of people, usually two, interact for the purpose of sharing information, accomplishing a specific goal, or maintaining a relationship


Group Communication

Occurs when three or more interdependent people interact for the purpose of achieving a common goal


Presentational Communication

Occurs when speakers generate meaning with audience members who are usually present at the delivery of a presentation


PowerPoint Quiz

Which key element of communication is addressed when a speaker asks: “What arguments should I use to support my ideas about gun control?”

A. Self E. Content

B. Others F. Structure

C. Purpose G. Expression

D. Context


PowerPoint Quiz Which key element of communication

element is operating in this example? Cherie spends hours preparing an agenda for the upcoming meeting she will chair because she wants everyone to know exactly what topics will be discussed.

A. Self E. Content

B. Others F. Structure

C. Purpose G. Expression

D. Context


Media Richness Theory

Face-to-face communication is the richest medium because you can see and respond to others instantly. use nonverbal communication to ______

________________________________. use your own natural speaking style. _______________________________.


Communication Models

• Identify the basic components in the communication process

• Show how basic components relate to and interact with one another

• Explain why a communicative act did or did not achieve its purpose


Early Communication Models


Transactional Communication Model


Match the Communication Terms

A. Encoding

B. Decoding

C. Feedback

D. Noise

E. Channel

__ verbal or nonverbal responses from others

__ prevent messages from reaching receivers as intended

__ the decision-making process that creates & sends messages

__ converts messages into understandable forms

__ means of message transmission


Theories, Methods, and Tools

• Theories: Statements that describe, explain, and predict events and behavior

• Strategies: Specific plans of action you select to communicate with others

• Skills: Your ability to accomplish specific communicative goals


Make Communication an Enduring Habit

A habit is “the intersection of knowledge, skill, and desire.”

“Knowledge is the theoretical paradigm, the what to do and the why. Skills represent how to do it. And desire is the motivation, the want to do it. In order to make something a habit in our lives, we have to have all three. . . .”

Stephen Covey, The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People


Apply the NCA Ethics Credo

Sneaky Pete borrows a speech written by a friend to use in his speech class. Other than making a few minor changes, Sneaky Pete presentations and submits this speech as his own.Which ethics credo principle did Sneaky Pete violate?

A. Advocate truthfulness, accuracy, honesty, and reason.

B. Advocate sharing information, opinions, and feelings.

C. Accept responsibility for the short- and long-term consequences of our own communication.


Communication Assessment

Are You an Effective Communicator? Rate the following communication competencies in terms of their importance to you for becoming a more effective communicator.

Item Extremely Important

Very Important

Fairly Important

Not Very Important

Not at all Important

1. Reduce your speaking anxiety

2. Listen effectively to others


TEST Your Knowledge

Theories ask why; strategies ask what; skills ask how; and ethics asks

a. who.

b. where.

c. when.

d. whether.

e. all of the above.

See p. 21 for more review questions.

Documents

Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.1 Chapter 1: Understanding Human Communication This multimedia product and its contents are