REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE

COUNTRY PRESENTATION ON AGRICULTURAL POLICY – ZAMBIA SECOND NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL POLICY (SNAP)

PETER ZULU

PRINCIPAL AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIST – TRADE AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

ZAMBIA – AN OVERVIEW • Position: South – Central Africa, Land locked (Land Linked),

8 neighbours (Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Malawi, Tanzania, Congo DR, Angola, Namibia)

• Divided into 10 provinces, 109 Districts. 70+ Tribes • Population: (2015 estimates)

Total =15,473,905 Male = 49% Female = 51% Rural = 58% Urban =42% 66% ≤ 25 Years

• Land size: 752,614 Km2 60% Suitable for agricultural production 14% of this currently being used

• Water: >40 of ground and surface water in SADC Region • Economy: Dependant on copper (little value addition)

Growth averaging 6% past 10 years

• Poverty: 60% Rural 76.4%, Urban 23.6%

AGRICULTURE IN ZAMBIA • Resource Endowment:

Abundant land Abundant water Abundant labour force Dominated by smallholder farmers (SHFs) 1.6 million SHFs (1/3 Deficit, 1/3 Subsistence, 1/3 Surplus)

• Divided into 3 major agro-ecological zones • Region I:

Receives less than 800 mm of rainfall annually Constitutes 12% of Zambia’s total land area.

• Region II: Receives between 800 mm and 1,000mm of annual rainfall covers 42% of the country. Sub – divided into IIa and IIb.

• Region III: Receives between 1,000 mm and 1,500 mm of rainfall annually Constitutes 46% of the country’s total land area

• Mostly rain dependent with little irrigation by commercial farmers • Vulnerable to Climatic shocks especially droughts

Zambia's Agro-ecological map

Mpika

Solwezi

Sesheke

Kaoma

Serenje

Kalabo

Chama

Mkushi

Mumbwa

Kasempa

Lukulu

Chinsali

Mwinilunga

Kalomo

Senanga

MufumbweZambezi

Lundazi

Kaputa

Kazungula

Isoka

Kabompo

Mansa

Mongu

Mbala

Nyimba

Itezhi-Tezhi

Shangombo

Samfya

Kasama

Chibombo

Chongwe

Mungwi

Kapiri Mposhi

Luwingu

Mporokoso

Petauke

Kafue

Choma

Lufwanyama

Mpongwe

Mpulungu

Chipata

Mwense

Kawambwa

Milenge

MonzeMazabuka

Mambwe

Chilubi

Namwala

Katete

Chavuma Masaiti

Chiengi

Nakonde

Gwembe

Luangwa

Siavonga

Sinazo

ngwe

Nchelenge

Chadiza

Kabwe

Livingstone

Lusaka Urban

Chililabombwe

MufuliraChingola

Kalulushi Kitwe

Luanshya

Ndola

200 0 200 400 Kilometers

N

EW

S

Agro-Ecological Regions

District boundary

KEY

Source: Soil Survey, Mt. Makulu ChilangaDecember 2002

Scale 1: 2,500,000

RegionsI

IIa

IIb

III

LEGEND

Agricultural Sector Performance • Generates approximately 10 percent of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) • Provide livelihoods for more than 70 percent of the population. • Categorised into 3 groups: Small - Scale; ≦5Ha, 85% of farmers, remote Medium - Scale; 5 to 20Ha, 13% of farmers Large - Scale; ≧20 Ha, 2% of Farmers, along major roads, rail

• Absorbs 67 percent of the labour force Main source of income and employment for both females and males Marginally led to an increase in rural incomes contributed marginally to poverty reduction increased food and nutrition security.

Crop sub-sector

• National production increased for the period 2004 to 2015 • Major crops=maize, soyabeans, wheat, cassava, groundnuts, Cotton

0

500'000

1'000'000

1'500'000

2'000'000

2'500'000

3'000'000

3'500'000

0

50'000

100'000

150'000

200'000

250'000

300'000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

Qua

ntity

(Mt)

Mai

ze

Qua

ntity

(Mt)

Oth

er

Years

TRENDS IN THE PRODUCTION OF SELECTED CROPS

GROUND NUTS SOYA BEANS WHEAT COTTON MAIZE

Fisheries sub-sector

• Currently 14 natural fishery areas in Zambia • Potential to produce 150, 000 Mt annually. • Capture fish production increased by 12.5% between 2004 and 2012 • Total inland aquaculture fish production also increased by 153%

between 2004 and 2012.

0

50'000

100'000

150'000

200'000

2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

Qua

ntity

(Mt)

TRENDS IN FISH PRODUCTION Capture Aquaculture Fish Imports

Livestock Sub-Sector

• Relatively under-exploited but recognised as an increasingly important part of the agricultural economy.

• Plays important economic and social roles particularly among smallholder farmers (oxen, dowry, etc.).

• Sector has also enjoyed some growth

020'000'00040'000'00060'000'00080'000'000100'000'000120'000'000140'000'000160'000'000

0

1'000'000

2'000'000

3'000'000

4'000'000

5'000'000

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Num

ber (

Poul

try)

Num

ber (

othe

r)

Years

TREND IN PRODUCTION OF SELECTED LIVESTOCK

Cattle Goats Pigs Poultry

CHALLENGES • Low agricultural production, productivity and value addition • Diminished investment in agricultural research and development (R&D); • Inefficient agricultural extension service delivery; • Low levels of agricultural mechanization among smallholder farmers; • High dependence on rain-fed agriculture compounded by low levels of irrigation; • Over-fishing in natural water bodies; • Inefficient agricultural markets for inputs and outputs; • High post-harvest losses • Limited access and availability to agricultural finance and credit facilities; • Low private sector participation in agricultural development; • Reduced net value of agricultural exports particularly for horticulture, floriculture • Unsustainable use of natural resources; • Low resilience to Climate Change effects; and • Inadequate mainstreaming of Gender and Governance issues, HIV and AIDS.

AGRICULTURAL POLICY The Zambian Government Policy direction is guided by: • International levels Comprehensive African Agricultural Development Program (CAADP) - AU. COMESA, SADC protocols

• National level Seventh National Development Plan (SNDP) Second National Agriculture Policy (NAP).

SECOND NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL POLICY • Major policy directing agricultural development Vision: “To develop an efficient, competitive and sustainable agricultural sector, which assures food and nutrition security, increased employment opportunities and incomes.” • GUIDING PRINCIPLES

• The right to adequate and nutritious food • Government as a facilitator of private sector led agriculture • Equitable, inclusive and sustainable development. • The promotion of agriculture as a business and valeu addition • Profitability and competitiveness. • Cognizance of land tenure systems. • Stakeholder involvement. • Cognizance of international Treaties, Protocols and Agreements. • Private sector-led agricultural development. • Agricultural diversification. • Cooperatives as a vehicle for agriculture growth

OBJECTIVES OF THE SNAP • The Vision of SNAP will be attained through: • Strengthening the policy, legal and regulatory framework • Implementing and achieving the following policy objectives and their measures;

1. Increase agricultural production, productivity and value addition 2. Increase effectiveness and efficiency of agricultural Research and Development 3. Strengthen the capacities of Agricultural Training Institutions 4. Improve the efficiency of agricultural markets for inputs and outputs 5. Promote availability of and accessibility to agricultural finance, credit facilities and insurance

(FISP, E-Voucher) 6. Increase private sector participation in agricultural development 7. Improve food and nutrition security 8. Promote the sustainable management and use of natural resources 9. Mainstream environment and Climate Change in the agriculture sector 10. Promote the mainstreaming of Gender, HIV and AIDS, and governance issues in agriculture

Agricultural Diversification

Improved household

income

Climate Change Mitigation

Nutritional /Food Security

Improved Production and

Productivity

Interrelationships Among Objectives

With Value Addition as the major focus

The over-riding objective of this Policy is to; 1. Accelerate reduction of food and nutrition insecurity 2. Accelerate reduction of poverty 3. Increase agriculture sector growth and employment.

IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORK

• Institutional Arrangement • Legal and Regulatory Framework • Cross cutting issues Gender HIV and AIDS Climate Change Capacity Building

• Resource Mobilization Government annual budget Private sector investment Development Partners Non-state actors.

• Monitoring and Evaluation

SHARE OF AGRIBUSINESS IN AGRICULTURE VALUE-CHAIN

Global: Agribusiness accounts for 78% of

value added in the value chain

Most of LDCs: Agribusiness accounts for 38%

Transformation entails a shift to the Global status where agribusiness accounts for a larger share of value addion

спасибо THANK YOU