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COURSE MATERIAL
COMMUNICATIVE ENGLISH SUB CODE: SHS1102
CONTENT
Unit 1 Sl. No. Topics PAGE NO.
1 Introduction to Communication 1
2 Non Verbal Communication
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3 Paragraph Writing 5
4 Cloze Test 7
5 Describing Events 11
6 Describing people and objects 12
7 Parts of Speech 16
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UNIT I: Introduction to Communication Parts of Speech, Phrasal verbs, hints developing, cloze reading, Paragraph writing, describing objects and visuals, Verbal and non verbal communication, Barriers of communication, Leadership skills, Introducing one self, describing hobbies, interest.
Lesson 1:
Step 1: warm up – Commonality circles
Getting to know people: Introducing oneself: Here are some examples to get the conversation
started. First, introduce yourself: • “Hello, I am Srinivas.”
• “Hey, how are you? I’m Richard.”
• “I am Avinash. Pardon? What’s your name?”
Next, give a little info about yourself or break the ice:
• “It is a very cool and pleasant today. Don’t you think so?”
• “Yeah, it is very pleasant indeed. You are wearing a nice coat. Is it locally made?
• “Yeah, this is a traditional Kashmiri coat.”
• “Do you live in Srinagar? I wish to buy a coat similar to the one you are wearing. Where can I get one?”
• “You can buy in Government showroom. You can go to the one nearer to the Dhal Lake.”
Listen to their response, and keep the conversation going:
• “Oh, you got your coat from there?”
• “No, it is a gift from my mother. She can do beautiful craft work of Kashmir. So you’re originally from Andhra? The rice bowl of India? It means you like spicy food.”
• “True! Have you been to Andhra before?”
• “Yeah. I even enjoyed the spicy food there.”
Close the conversation:
• “Sounds like you know a lot about this city. Maybe you could show me around sometime?”
• “Well, if you’re ever craving for Kashmiri food, let me know and we can go for lunch sometime.”
• “It has been a pleasure meeting you. I look forward to seeing you again.”
Sample Conversation Starters:
Conversation Topic
Description
Talk about common For a student you can speak about your college, share common experiences at
experiences college and hostel You can talk about the malls in the place that you live.
Ask for help Tell them you’d like advice on something or what you should do over the
weekend.
Tell a funny story Think about any encounters you’ve had in the past and try to draw on those.
Break the ice “How are you doing today?” never fails, and with a little bit of prompting they’ll
likely give you more details, which you can comment on.
Bring up any old Talk about the weather. You can’t go wrong with a harmless observation on how
subject sunny/windy/rainy/etc.
Adapted from: http://www.wikihow.com/Sample/Conversation-Starters
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Task 2: Your teacher gives you a visiting card. Introduce yourself based on the information given in the card. Include the following information when you introduce yourself. Name: Designation:
Education qualification: Family background: one line
Pair work - Underline the verbs in the following
passage: My Trip to Srinagar
My name is Srinivas and I’m from Andhra Pradesh. As a teenager I always wanted to go to Kashmir. When I was young, I watched many films with beautiful sceneries of Srinagar. Even in English classes at school, my teacher used to talk about the place a lot. She compared the place to
Switzerland, and told us that it is the Switzerland of India. When I was in school, I was very shy and although I wanted to ask more questions about the place, I couldn’t. When I was twenty I was working at a travel company and I saved up enough money for a trip to
Kashmir. Before my trip I was very excited and I read about the nearby places that I was going
to visit: Sonamarg, Pehalgam and Gulmarg. I took the flight from Hyderabad to Delhi and then
the connecting flight to Srinagar. While I was waiting for my boarding pass, someone called my
name. I stopped, looked back and Sarala, an old friend from school, was standing a few yards
behind me. I went over to her and we chatted, while waiting in the queue for the security check.
She was also going to Srinagar and we decided to travel together. Due to bad weather, the flight
landed in Jammu. After a wait of two hours we were flown to Srinagar. In the two hour wait,
Sarala and I spoke about our schoolmates and were nostalgic about the school life. I came to
know that her husband works for military, and she was going there to meet him. Once the
climate was good, we were flown to Srinagar. It was a short journey lasting fifteen minutes.
It was drizzling in Srinagar when we landed and everything looked so green. Since it was late, Sarala decided to postpone her journey to the military battalion to the next day. We quickly collected our bags and I went to find a taxi to take me to a hotel. Sarala said she would wait in the hotel as her husband got caught in the mountains due to a land slide. While we were waiting for a taxi, we both saw someone else that we knew. Paul, who we knew from a student exchange four years ago, was talking to his friends. He wanted to join me as he was travelling too. After a fifteen minute taxi-drive we arrived to a lively and friendly hotel close to the Dhal Lake. After we placed our bags in our room, Sarala’s husband came. I went to find a computer after Paul came down from his room. While I was sending my family an email, and all three of them were talking about the food and the weather.
I must admit that I had a great trip! Srinagar is beautiful indeed! I saw three botanical gardens and the Tulip garden on the first day itself. I also stayed in the boat house for a night, and then went for a Shikara ride. I walked around the place in the evening to do shopping for my friends. I enjoyed my trip to Sonamarg, Pehalgam and Gulmarg also. I spent five days visiting those places. I had lot of fun skiing, water rafting, and trekking. The holiday proved to be
3 a lot of fun and the people were very friendly. I was very lucky because there was no rain. After the first day of rain, the sun shone brightly. Even the atmosphere proved to be fantastic. I had maximum fun for the money I spent there.
One thing that surprised me the most was the food. It was excellent and cheap. I ate a lot
of different foods. I also ate Kashmiri cuisine Chamani Qaliya, Shami Kabab and Dum Aloo.
I bought locally grown fruits like cherries and apples while trekking. I now love North Indian
food and I cook it all the time. I even liked the fish and chips, sushi, and some wonderful pub
food I tasted in Delhi in my return trip. I also met a lot of people in the travel and I want to
go back again very soon to other places of Jammu and Kashmir.
Task: Write a short paragraph on a place you visited
Or write a short paragraph describing the university campus
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Lesson2:
Reading: Non Verbal Communication
THE SECRET OF THE SUCCESSFUL HANDSHAKE The secret of the successful handshake is no secret anymore. Management Consultant Robert E. Brown explains what shaking hands is all about in his book, The Art, the Power, the Magic: How to Read Hands That Talk. For example, to do the All-American Handshake, you have to look into another person’s eyes, grasp his or her whole hand, and pump1 it two or three times. According to Brown, this is the handshake of a good listener and trustworthy person. Politicians and salespeople often use the Two-Handed Shake because it’s extra-friendly. Two-handed shakers put their left hand on the other person’s arm or shoulder as they shake hands. This can feel too friendly to some people, so it’s best to use it with good friends. Watch out for people with handshakes that pull your fingers, or twist and crush your hand. If you get one of these handshakes, the person is trying to intimidate you. Two more uncomfortable handshakes are the Palm Pinch and the Dead Fish. A Palm Pincher shakes your hand with only a few fingers. In the Dead Fish shake, the person’s hand slides out of the handshake. It’s possible that the people with these handshakes are embarrassed or shy. Shaking hands is an important part of body language. It can identify someone as truthful, friendly, powerful, or nervous. It’s hard to be successful without mastering3 a good handshake such as the All-American. If this isn’t your natural handshake, don’t worry. Mr. Brown says that you can change your handshake with lots of practice. So, go on out there and start shaking hands. Just think of all the people you can meet!
1.pump: to move something up and down 2.intimidate: to make someone feel afraid and less powerful 3.master: to learn how to do something very well
Follow up: More on communicating Apologizing and excusing: Excuses/reasons-“I’m sorry”/”I apologise”/”Please excuse my delay”
I’m so Sorry. / I’m very Sorry. / I’m extremely Sorry. Adding so and very ( to give more stress)
I really apologize.. / I’m not sure .. / I am not confident that .. I’m afraid that I haven’t.. / I regret to inform you that../ Pardon me/I beg your pardon..
I didn’t mean to …/ Please forgive me for …
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Lesson 3: Paragraph Writing based on hints:
Hints development: Write a short paragraph based on the points you wrote in the above diagram
Read the following dialogues and observe the verbs and their usage: Dialogue 1 Dialogue 2 Paul: Hello Sarala, nice to meet you. Srinivas: Have you ever eaten Thai food? Sarala: Nice to meet you too. Paul: Yes, I’ve had it a few times. What about
Paul: How long have you been staying here? you?
Sarala: I’ve been staying here for three years, Srinivas : I’ve never tried it.
and you?
Paul: Two years Dialogue 3 Dialogue 4 Lina: I have some news. Tinku: Have you seen Henry recently? Manasa: What is it? Albert: No. Have you?
Lina: I’ve bought a new bike! Tinku: I haven’t seen him since the summer.
Dialogue 5
Elango: Has she arrived yet?
Fransis: No she still hasn’t arrived.
Table: Wishing: Go through the following table on wishing for various occasions:
Wishing people a good journey Short Outings Common ways of wishing people a good Enjoy! (American English) journey are: Have a good time at (a restaurant)
Long trips, vacations etc. Have a good time in (city)
Have a good trip. When your friends or family return home it is Have a good journey. (GB) common to use one of the following phrases:
Safe journey home. (GB) How was your vacation? (holiday in British English)
Enjoy your holidays.(GB) Did you enjoy your time in (destination)?
Enjoy your vacation.(US) Did you have a good journey/trip/flight?
Have a good time in (destination city). How was the journey/trip/flight?
Holidays Sending good wishes Have a good holiday. Give my best wishes to X Have a good time. Give my regards to X
Have a good vacation. (US) Give my greetings to X
Give my love to X
Say hello to X for me( US)
Birthdays Wedding / Anniversary Happy birthday! Congratulations! Best wishes/Good luck on your thirtieth Best wishes / good luck on your tenth anniversary!
(age - use an ordinal number) birthday! Here's to many more happy years together (toast)
Many happy returns!
Special Holidays Special Occasions
Happy Pongal/ Dasara/ Easter/ Ramadan Congratulations on your promotion!
Merry Christmas! All the best for your ... Happy New year/ Diwali I'm so proud of you!
Before examinations Good luck!
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Table: Thanking people:
1. Excuse me. Can you tell me the time, 2. What time is it? please? It's half past three.
Yes, of course. It's seven o'clock. Thanks.
Thank you. You're welcome.
No problem.
3. Can I help you? Yes, I'm looking for a sweat 4. Can I see the menu, please? shirt. Certainly, here you are. Thank you. What's
What size are you? today's special?
I'm an extra large. Grilled tuna and cheese on rye. That sounds
How about this one? good. I'll have that.
Yes, that's nice. Can I try it on? Would you like something to drink? Yes, I'd
Certainly, there's the changing rooms over like a coke.
there. Thank you. (returning with the food) Here you
Thank you. are. Enjoy your meal! Thank you.
How does it fit? It's too large. Do you have a Can I get you anything else? No thanks. I'd large? like the bill, please.
Yes, here you are. That'll be Rs 650. Here you are. Keep the
Thank you. I'll have it, please. change!
OK, how would you like to pay? Thank you! Have a good day!
Do you take credit cards? Bye.
Yes, we do. Visa, Master Card and American
Express.
OK, here's my Visa.
Thank you. Have a nice day!
Thank you, goodbye.
5. Hi. How are you doing this afternoon? 6. Excuse me. Is there a bank near here? Yes. There's a bank on the corner.
Fine, thank you Thank you.
You're welcome.
7. Excuse me. Is there a supermarket near 8. Hello, is there a washroom around here? here? Yes. There's one near here. Why, there is no public one around here.
How do I get there? At the traffic lights, take Oh, um.........o.......k...
the first left and go straight on. It's on the left. But you can use mine!
Is it far? Not really. Oh thank you so much! Thank you.
Don't mention it.
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Lesson 4:
Am I a born leader?
Do I have the following traits to be a leader? Adapted from : http://www.groco.com/readingroom/bus_goodleader.aspx
Task type cloze test: Character : 1. A good leader has an exemplary character. It is __ utmost importance that a leader is trustworthy to __ others. A leader needs to be trusted and __ known to live their life with honestly and integrity. _ good leader “walks the talk” and in doing _ earns the right to have responsibility for others. ___ authority is born from respect for the good _____ and trustworthiness of the person who leads.
Ans : of , lead, be , A, so, true, character
2. A good leader is enthusiastic about their work __ cause and also about their role as leader. ___ will respond more openly to a person of ___ and dedication. Leaders need to be able to _ a source of inspiration, and be a motivator _____the required action or cause. Although the responsibilities ___ roles of a leader may be different, the ____ needs to be seen to be part of___team working towards the goal. This kind of leader will not be afraid to roll up their sleeves and get dirty.
Ans: Or, people, passion, be, towards, and, leader , the
Identify the topic line for the following two paragraphs and underline the linking words:
1. A good leader is confident. In order to lead and set direction a leader needs to appear confident as a person and in the leadership role. Such a person inspires confidence in others and draws out the trust and best efforts of the team to complete the task well. A leader who conveys confidence towards the proposed objective inspires the best effort from team members.
2. A leader also needs to function in an orderly and purposeful manner in situations of
uncertainty. People look to the leader during times of uncertainty and unfamiliarity and find reassurance and security when the leader portrays confidence and a positive demeanor.
The following paragraphs lack coherence. Try improving them: 1. Good leaders are tolerant of ambiguity and remain calm, composed and steadfast to the main purpose. My father is a good leader. Storms, emotions, and crises come and go and a good leader takes these as part of the journey and keeps a cool head. Since I like him I always look up to him for advice.
2. A good leader as well as keeping the main goal in focus is able to think analytically. If students lack goals, they can never be goals. Goals need to be set for achieving not only something in life but also at the end of each session, each day, each week etc. So to be a good leader one must have goals too. Not only does a good leader view a situation as a whole, but is able to break it down into sub parts for closer inspection. Not only is the goal in view but a good leader can break it down into manageable steps and make progress towards it.
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Develop the following hints into a paragraph: good leader - committed - excellence. not second best to reach success. maintains high standards- proactive - to achieve excellence. seven personal characteristics foundational characteristics - naturally present - personality – leader - diligent to consistently develop and strengthen -leadership role. Based on your understanding of the above write five paragraphs essay on the seven traits of a good leader http://zunal.com/webquest.php?w=2675
Use the above link to learn how to write an essay. Follow up: Take quiz in the following link to find out whether you are a born leader: http://www.youthink.com/quiz.cfm?action=go_detail&obj_id=104218&filter=popular&time_sp an=latest&sub_action=take Do you agree with the findings? Yes or no? Justify.
Do you think leaders can be made? Discuss in groups and make a presentation to the class.
Team Discussion Team Roles and Tasks
1. Roles for group work*
Facilitator Relates the task, verifies roles, and facilitates colleagues Group Management
participation in doing the tasks Strategies
-Time limits
Manager Keeps track of time and materials
-Time signals
Researcher Checks in with the teacher and / or checks resources on
team’s questions -Numbered heads
Recorder Records team’s responses -Shared resources
Editor** Checks team’s work for accuracy( use of phrases in -Answer keys
writing and presenting
-Checklists
Presenter Makes an oral presentation of the team’s ideas to the -Rubrics
whole group
-Non verbal comprehension
Designer/ Plans and designs ( or manages the designing of any
checks
illustrator visual elements for the team’s presentation)
-Manage to report back
Evaluator** Evaluates group performance by using the rubric and
involves others in the group evaluating -Other
*Restrict to 6 roles in the workshop, ** the facilitator decides on clubbing roles
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2. Rubrics
Team work assessment Exceeds expectations Meets expectation Does not meet expectation
Roles and All team members carried Most team members Most team members not
responsibilities out roles without reminder carried out roles with carry out their roles or needed
few reminders to be reminded several times
Most team members All team members Most team members did not
Participation offered more than one idea offered at least one offer any ideas
and encouraged idea
participation
Accuracy Complete, accurate Complete and incomplete, or inaccurate or
The group report / and eloquent grammatically both
accurate
presentation was
use of phrases at least one
or two
3.Work on Task:
Steps Lead Notes Completed
1.Pick up material
2.Read task instructions
3. Confirm understanding
4. Assign roles/ delegate work
5. Set a time limit for group
6. Work on task
7. Check group’s work
8. Turn in completed worksheet
Work on task can be broken down into the steps of the task ( e.g research XXX , prepare XXX,
). In the case of the ‘Lead’ column would cover the delegation process.
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4. Team Discussion:
# Team member Role
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
As a group, determine whether you agree or disagree with the statement
Leaders are born not made
Useful links:
https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/cutting-edge-leadership/200903/leaders-born-or-made
Team Ideas
Idea Contributor
Conclusions : What conclusions your group reach?
We all think …. We agree that…. We agree to disagree that… some of us feel… while others expressed …
Adapted from : Light Hearted Learning 2015
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Lesson 5
Sports and Hobbies
Describe an interest or hobby that you particularly enjoy: 1. What this interest or hobby is?
2. How long have you been doing it?
3. What effect has it brought to your life? What do you think about the balance between the work and the leisure? I am a big table tennis fan, even though I am not very good at playing table ten nis myself. I love
to watch the game on TV. I have played table tennis whenever I get a chance since I studied in the middle school. Playing table tennis not only refreshes my body and makes me mentally alert
,and ready and eager to engage in the work of the day. In addition, a reasonable amount of exercise prepares the body for a good night's sleep. However, over-indulgence in physical exercise can do more harm than good. Because it will make you too tired to stay awake during
the work. 1). Is it dangerous for people to spend too much time on hobby? Yes, over-indulgence in physical exercise can do more harm than good. I have noticed that some of my friends spend too much time on sports make themselves too tired to stay awake during the work. 2). Do you think hobby is beneficial to social life? Yes, of course. I make many friends during playing table tennis. So, I think that hobby is beneficial the social life. 3). Why do people like to watch games? Oh, it is an interesting question. Watching games can enrich our leisure life. Also, it is very exciting to watch a close game.
4). What are the advantages and disadvantages of watching games? Watching games can enrich our leisure life. Also, it is very exciting to watch a close game. But over-indulgence in watching games can affect our rest. 5). What is the advantages and disadvantages between watching games and playing games/sports? Watching games can enrich our leisure life. Also, it is very exciting to watch a close game. Take part in sports can build our bodies and keep us healthy. But, over-indulgence in watching games or in physical exercise can affect our rest. 6). Do you think which sports demand enough courage? Oh, I think it is boxing . It is very dangerous and it can do harm to health of athlete. 7). What are the sporting facilities like in your hometown? Anyang City has a lot of modern indoor facilities offering bowling, table tennis, swimming etc. But , it's too expensive for most Chinese, and you have to belong to the club in order to use the facilities.
Follow up: 1. Play a game of dumb charades and guess the idioms
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2. Write about your favorite sport / holiday experience suing the above expressions 3. Assignment: Collect cuttings of advertisement of sports gear/ sports coaching centre/ summer coaching. Lesson 6: Describing people and objects:
Pair work- How do you spend your money?
Food-
Health Entertainment House rent/ maintenance Tax Insurance
Vehicle Phone usage: Any other:
Compare your spending habits with that of your partner. Identify the areas where you are wasting money. Match the Country and the Currency( Pair work)
1. Yen ____ Bangladesh
2. Baht ____ Cambodia
3. Rupee ____ Malaysia
4. Riel ____ Samoa
5. Rupiah ____ Thailand
6. Won ____ Vietnam
7. Ringgit ____ Tonga
8. Tugrug ____ Vanuatu
9. Peso ____ Korea
10. Tala ____ Japan
11. Pa’anga ____ Laos
12. Vatu ____ India
13. Taka ____ Philippines
14. Kip ____ Mongolia
15. Dong ____ Indonesia JAM :
1. I dislike wasting money, and I’m sure I’m not alone when I say this. 2. Too many people spend money they haven't earned to buy things they don't want to impress people they don't like.
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3. You spend money to make yourself feel better
4. You spend money as a reward
5. When I am stressed I spend money on shopping….
6. I love spending my money by going to places.
7. I am person who spends less money as I stay indoor most of the time.
8. Money is easy to spend as I have many friends with whom I party…
9. I save a lot of money as I grow food in my farm and live in my house.
10. I think spending money depends on your personal habits, for example… Activity 4. Outdoor / Indoor person: Take the quiz to find out: 1. In given a chance, I would love to swim in a lake / in indoor pool.
2. I would love to play a sports video game/ real outdoor sports.
3. I prefer to help at home by doing small errands / help making purchase of household items. 4. I like taking pictures of people/ landscape. 5. After dinner I enjoy watching a film/ go for a walk. 6. I like relaxing on a coach/ on a hammock.
7. I enjoy taking my pet dog for a walk/ dislike taking it
for a walk. 8. I dislike bugs/ do not mind seeing bugs.
9. I like playing indoor games like chess/ outdoor game
like cricket. 10. During weekends I look forward to spending time at home/ prefer to go out with family /
friends.
If you have chosen most of the outdoor activities, you are an out- door person. Read the
following people talking about themselves. Does the image of people next to description suit
them? Why/ why not?
1. I enjoy getting outdoors in just about any kind of weather. I have always
had an indoor job, however, usually working at a desk. Most of my hobbies
can be done indoors or outdoors. I find I spend most of my time indoors. I
like to take pictures of people who work out of doors. Sometimes I feel
sorry for them, especially when the weather is bad. I recently took a picture
of a roofer who was working on a freezing day. I was glad I never had his kind of job!
2. I am definitely an indoor person. I like staying at home because it is
comfortable and I can do whatever I want there...I mean it is my territory
and I am the leader there. But of course I also enjoy going out especially
with my loved ones. I love seeing new things and learning about different
environment. I love both indoor and outdoor activities but if I have to
choose between the two, I will choose to be indoor.
3. I love the outdoors, and if I weren't so ill, I'd spend a lot more time in
it. On days when I can walk my dog over a mile, I just breathe in the
fresh air and enjoy the sunlight on my face. The only time I am patently
an INdoor person, is in the summer when the temperature goes over 95
14 degrees. In Oklahoma, as you know, the temp can go past 100 degrees, and with the humidity, it's almost unbearable.
4.I have always been more of an indoor person than an
outdoors person, purely because I've never been a big fan of the
cold, and a warm place is surely better than one where it might be
raining!! However, there are often times when I look out of the
window and think that I really should go out and do some
exercise e.g. going for a walk or a run. I really enjoy myself
once I'm outside!! It's the kind of feeling where, once you're as
wet and cold from the weather as you can possibly be, then it
makes no difference how longer you stay out for. It's that kind of liberating feeling which makes me enjoy being outside so much more. I just need to motivate myself to get into the outdoors in the first place, and then I can have a good time!
Lesson 7: What type of person are you? Based on your blood group, check your
character traits. Character of People according to Blood Group Source: http://www.sankalpindia.net
Type B "Active" Type A "Cool"
Population Roughly 9% of the world is B +ve and 2% Population Roughly 34% of the world is A +ve and 6% B -ve. A -ve. Traits Cheerful, Optimistic, Active, Sensitive, Kind, Traits Obedient, Careful, Sympathetic, Self-Sacrificing, Forgetful, unorganized, Noisy, Egocentric Polite, Honest, Loyal, Emotional, Introverted & Energetic and have the drive to reach towards goals. Nervous. They are reserved calm and even tempered. May be workaholics. Not the best team players and Sensitive to public opinion. May be Introverted, shy and are individualistic. Do things at one's own pace. nervous or ill at ease with others. May be Pessimistic. Strong personality adventurous. Likes to get one's Value relationships and are loyal. Hesitant to change. own way. Are Sociable and enjoy entertaining. Nature lovers and dislike crowds - need a private place Like to touch or be touched by others. or secret hideaway. Can be indecisive. Good at team work and obey rules. Dislike to touch or be touched by others. Type O "Hot" Type AB "Care-Free"
Population Roughly 38% of the world is O +ve and Population Roughly 4% of the world is AB +ve and 1% 6% O -ve.Traits Confident and Strong-Willed, Proud, AB -ve. Dedicated, Sociable, Energetic, Extroverted, Frank,
Realist, Showy, Flighty, Generalist, Positive, Traits Social, Easy-going, Sympathetic, Diplomatic, Independent, Risk-Takers, Dislike taking orders, Outgoing, Laid-back, Creative, Unpredictable, Artistic, Insecure, Stubborn & Self-Centered.Make friends Flexible, Moody and Brooding. easily and go with flow and grasp opportunity. Quick
to start a project or chase an idea. Are good at Blend of opposites. Shy with some and bold with some. organizing activities. May have short attention span, Introvert and Extrovert. Unpredictable and may seem to and expresses strong emotions. May quickly take have calm exterior. Strong creative strain. Good at opposite views that are deep but not always durable. spotting problems and skirting them. Like city Classic entrepreneurs and movers and environment. Get bored easily. Everything they do is shakers.Express their emotions but can be swayed by compelling. Never take things for granted. Appear other blood types. Have an intrinsic elegance. mysterious. Contribute harmoniously to society.
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Sociable and showy. May be good at adapting to Dislike to touch or be touched by others. circumstances. Words come easily to them. Not self conscious and will frankly reveal inner feelings. Ambitious, but may have issues with detail.
Like to be touched by others.
Match the following with the proper synonym in the column b and write the adjective form of the both words in the column c:
Column A Column B Column C Word Synonym Adjective with ‘ed’. ‘ing’
Extroverted Avoidance
Self-centered. Friendly
Classic Strange
Intrinsic Selfish
Sociable Negative
Ambitious Demonstrative
Tempered Striving
Pessimistic Essential
Indecisive Angry
Outgoing Companionable
Mysterious Wavering
Skirting Standard
Do you agree with the above information?
Discuss what you like what you don’t like based on the above write up:
‘ing’ and – ‘ed’ adjectives / using really, so, very.
Strong-Willed Dedicated Energizing Sympathizing Outgoing Organizing
Short tempered Adapting
Prof John is really a __________________ person. He gave a lecture which is very _______________. My parents have _____________ attitude towards animals. They are very good at taking care of our pets at home. I am an ______________ person.
My friend is good at ______________ to new circumstances.
Group work: Pick words that can be changed into adjectives by adding- ed, -ing from the topic on ‘Character of People according to Blood Group’ and speak to class about the people of the type of blood group by using the adjectives. Include’ like’ ‘ dislike’ expressions: Follow up: Which car you like?
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Lesson 8: Parts of Speech
Parts of Speech Table
This is a summary of the 8 parts of speech*. You can find more detail if you click on each part of speech. Link to webquest: http://www.createwebquest.com/webquest/parts-speech-prof-pushpa-nagini-sripada-sathyabama-university-chennai-india
part of function or "job"
example example sentences
speech words
(to) be, have, EnglishClub.com is a web site.
Verb action or state
do, like, work,
I likeEnglishClub.com.
sing, can, must
pen, dog, work,
Noun
thing or person music, town, This is my dog. He lives in
London, my house. We live inLondon.
teacher, John
a/an, the, 2,
Adjective
describes a noun some, good, I have two dogs. My dogs
big, red, well, are big. I like big dogs.
interesting
describes a verb, quickly, silently, My dog eats quickly. When he
Adverb adjective or well, badly, is very hungry, he
adverb very, really eats really quickly.
Pronoun
replaces a noun I, you, he, she,
Tara is Indian. She is beautiful.
some
Preposition links a noun to to, at, after, on,
We went to school on Monday.
another word but
joins clauses or I like dogs and I like cats. I like
Conjunction sentences or and, but, when cats and dogs. I like dogs but I
words don't like cats.
short exclamation,
Interjection sometimes oh!, ouch!, hi!, Ouch! That hurts! Hi! How are
inserted into a well you? Well, I don't know.
sentence
* Some grammar sources categorize English into 9 or 10 parts of speech. At EnglishClub.com, we use the traditional categorization of 8 parts of speech. Examples of other categorizations are: • Verbs may be treated as two different parts of speech:
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• Lexical Verbs (work, like, run) • Auxiliary Verbs (be, have, must) • Determiners may be treated as a separate part of speech, instead of being
categorized under Adjectives Parts of Speech Examples Here are some sentences made with different English parts of speech:
verb noun verb
Stop! John works.
noun verb verb
John is working.
pronoun verb noun noun verb adjective noun
She loves animals. Animals like kind people.
noun verb noun adverb noun verb adjective noun
Tara speaks English well. Tara speaks good English.
pronoun verb preposition adjective noun adverb
She ran to the station quickly.
pron. verb adj. noun conjunction pron. verb pron.
She likes big snakes but I hate them.
Here is a sentence that contains every part of speech:
interjection pron. conj. adj. noun verb prep. noun adverb
Well, she and young John walk to school slowly.
Words with More than One Job
Many words in English can have more than one job, or be more than one part of speech. For example, "work" can be a verb and a noun; "but" can be a conjunction and a preposition; "well" can be an adjective, an adverb and an interjection. In addition, many nouns can act as adjectives. To analyze the part of speech, ask yourself: "What job is this word doing in this sentence?"
In the table below you can see a few examples. Of course, there are more, even for some of the words in the table. In fact, if you look in a good dictionary you will see that the word "but" has six jobs to do: • verb, noun, adverb, pronoun, preposition and conjuction!
word part of speech example
work noun My work is easy.
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verb I work in London.
conjunction John came but Mary didn't come.
but
preposition Everyone came but Mary.
adjective Are you well?
well adverb She speaks well.
interjection Well! That's expensive!
noun We ate in the afternoon.
afternoon
noun acting as adjective We had afternoon tea.
Testing: Test 1 Form into pairs and take the test given in the above link http://www.softschools.com/quizzes/grammar/parts_of_speech/quiz395.html or
http://www.usingenglish.com/quizzes/215.html Test 2 http://www.grammar-monster.com/tests/test_parts_of_speech.htm or http://quizzes.cc/parts-of-speech-231
Evaluation
This is how your work will be evaluated.
Below
Meets
Exceeds
Score
Requirements Requirements
Requirements
1 2 3
Students gave Students gave
a definition Students gave a definition
Definition
that was not a brief that was
correct and/or definition, but exactly correct
difficult to was accurate. and easy to
understand. understand.
Students
How to use
Students could made an Students used
not tell how to attempt to use
part speech part of speech
use part of part of speech
in a correctly in
speech in a in sentence
sentence sentence.
sentence. but needed
some help.
How to
Students could
Students had
Students
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locate part
not locate their some difficulty located part of
of speech part of speech locating part of speech in
in sentence in a sentence. speech in sentence very
sentence. easily.
References:
http://questgarden.com/76/43/7/090325145219/process.htm http://questgarden.com/134/47/9/111102145152/evaluation.htm the above links for parts of speech http://zunal.com/webquest.php?w=288407 above link on passive voice http://zunal.com/webquest.php?w=267943 http://zunal.com/webquest.php?w=280137 above link s are on simple present
http://zunal.com/webquest.php?w=259888 above on essay writing http://britishcouncillearnenglish.blogspot.in/2012/12/english-parts-of-speech.html The above link is e book on parts of speech developed by the British Council. This free e-book features well-organized skill-building content, and a focus on practical conversational skills. Here you will find clear explanations. This comprehensive workbook provides thorough coverage of every grammatical topic you need to know about http://aderikardo1.blogspot.in/ The above link gives you information on eight parts of speech with examples. You will also understand that same words also act as different parts of speech too. The information given in the link is given below
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Lesson 9
Read the following passage and underline ‘ed’ and ‘ing’ expressions: Identify whether the words are used as adjectives / verbs in the sentences: What do you see in cars that makes you like them? The design, the speed, the
echnological/engineering aspects? What attracts you the most? I am not talking about any car in
specific, just what about cars really makes you like them, whether it is one car or a whole
country’s products.For me, I find it an art, designing a car to for example, fit engine x, y number
of seats, and etc. Engineering the design so that it fits all it's goals. For example, a car whose
body is designed to fit a specific engine (big or small) and fit around it and be aerodynamic but
also catch your eye in a good way. Also for the other way around, for example a car only has
enough room for engine X, so you have to build an engine that will fit into that space and
provide the car as much power as possible.This is mostly why most of my attention for cars goes
to things that are built like that, instead of things like a Hummer H2 which was designed to fit
the maximum size possible, which I find boring.
Expressing likes: Expressing dislikes:
• I like… • I don’t like…
• I love... • I dislike...
• I adore… • I hate…
• I ‘m crazy about… • I abhor…
• I’m mad about… • I can’t bear...
• I enjoy… • I can’t stand…
• I’m keen on… • I detest...
Examples of likes and dislikes : • I loathe...
I'm mad about basketball, but I can’t bear ice hockey. If you neither like nor dislike something:
I adore reading poetry, but I loathe doing the "I don't mind doing the housework."
housework.
Make a presentation to the class on the car that you like most: Focus on the usage of ‘ed’ , ‘ing’ expressions: Activity 8: Group work-Cars in India
Audi cars in India
The vehicles offered by Audi are for those who enjoy the finer tastes in life. For enthusiasts and Audi aficionados, photos and technical specifications further fuel the desire to understand and gain more knowledge on their favourite vehicle.
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BMW cars in India
The vehicles offered by BMW are for those who enjoy the finer tastes in life. For enthusiasts and BMW aficionados, photos and technical specifications further fuel the desire to understand and gain more knowledge on their favourite vehicle.
General Motors cars in India
If you are interested in Chevrolet and are looking for a particular model that suits your price range, it is highly recommended that you research the product proactively by viewing the technical specifications as well as photos in order to make a better buying decision.
Fiat cars in India
If you are in the market looking for a vehicle from Fiat, don’t forget to compare the vehicle against its competition based on its price and technical specifications. We also encourage you to view our photos on all Fiat cars.
Useful expressions and sentence starters: According to the statistics/ table/ graph/ figures presented It can be seen from the … that…
As is shown / as can be seen … in the table
Sentence linkers for comparison and contrasting ideas:
Increase and decrease useful expressions and adverbs:
A rise A decrease rapid slow
An increase A reduction sharp slight
To increase To decline steep gradual
To shoot up Dramatic/marked Barely noticeable
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Write a paragraph using the information given below:
Figure: Sales of cars in India:
More on Describing :
The written word
Make a presentation to the class on a book you read, after reading the Poem on
“A Book”
A book, I think, is very like A little golden door That takes me into places Where I've never been before.
It leads me into fairyland Or countries strange and far And, best of all, the golden door Always stands ajar.
2 Match the following phrases with the meanings given. 1. read someone like a book a) To punish someone
2. on the books b) Without much of secrets
3. a closed book c) to be able to understand easily what someone is thinking
or feeling
4. bring someone to book
d) something HYPERLINK
"http://www.macmillandictionary.com/search-
thesaurus/british/direct/?q=or" or HYPERLINK
"http://www.macmillandictionary.com/search-
thesaurus/british/direct/?q=someone" someone HYPERLINK
"http://www.macmillandictionary.com/search-
thesaurus/british/direct/?q=that" that HYPERLINK
"http://www.macmillandictionary.com/search-
thesaurus/british/direct/?q=is" is HYPERLINK
"http://www.macmillandictionary.com/search-
thesaurus/british/direct/?q=very" very HYPERLINK
"http://www.macmillandictionary.com/search-
thesaurus/british/direct/?q=difficult" difficult HYPERLINK
"http://www.macmillandictionary.com/search-
thesaurus/british/direct/?q=to" to HYPERLINK
"http://www.macmillandictionary.com/search-
thesaurus/british/direct/?q=understand" understand
5. in someone's bad/good e) used when giving your strong opinion about something
books
6. in my book f) used for saying that someone is annoyed with
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24
Group 1 Group 1I
biblio-, bibli- Book. interlibrary loan
The biblio- elementhas many well-known A system by which libraries and library users can applications in the English language; however, borrow books from other libraries. there are probably several new words that you lending library, circulating library could add to your vocabulary. A Bibliography is A library, or department of a library, where the one asset to knowing where much of the public can borrow books and often audio tapes, information for this dictionary comes from. videotapes, CDs, and DVDs.
bibliobesity (s) ( noun), bibliobesities (pl) librarian1. Someone who works in or is in charge This word means literally "book obesity", vast rolls of a library.2. The keeper or custodian of a library. of verbal flab squeezed between hard or soft covers Literally, "of books". Also, "a scribe or someone of publications. who is concerned with books".
bibliobibulus (s) ( noun), bibliobibuli (pl) library
1. People who read too much, and so are oblivious 1. The room, building, depository, or institution of the real world. where a collection of books or other research 2. Anyone who gets "drunk on books" or who materials is kept
reads too much; excessive reading. library edition
biblioclasm (s) ( noun), biblioclasms (pl) A set of books, published in a series, either by a Destruction of books. single author or on the same subject and with the
same size and format.
Group 1II Group 1V
librettist bibliography + -er
1. An author of words to be set to music in an Noun
opera or operetta. bibliographer (plural bibliographers) 2. A writer of the words for a dramatic musical a person who compiles bibliographies work; such as, an opera or musical.
libretto bibliology ( uncountable)
The words of a dramatic musical work; such as, an 1. The study of the history of books and the art opera including both the spoken and the parts that of printing
are sung.From Italian, literally "little book" bibliomancy (plural bibliomancies) from libro, "book", from Latin liber. 2.Divination by interpreting a passage chosen librianship at random from a book
1. A profession concerned with acquiring and bibliomancy (plural bibliomancies) organizing collections of books and related 1. Divination by interpreting materials in libraries and servicing readers and a passage chosen at random from a book others with these resources.
2. The position or duties of a librarian.
Activity: 6 Role Play-Apologizing and excusing for losing a book using the terms given above.
Activity: 7 Write at least 10 lines about a book / poem/ story you enjoyed reading most
Group work: Present the following book reviews to the class in your own words The White Tiger- Author:Aravind Adiga The White Tiger is the story of Balram, the son of a rickshaw puller, who lives in a small Indian village. He finds the destitution of his family repulsive and decides to break away from it. He is constantly on the lookout of opportunities that could alleviate his poverty. He learns how to drive and manages a driver's job with the landlord of his village. Lady Luck smiles upon him when Balram is asked to
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A keen observer and a fast learner, Balram realizes very soon that a little dishonesty can bring him enough money for a secure future. So he robs and murders his employer, runs away to Bangalore with his loot and starts his own business there. Years later, Balram is seen as an influential member of the Bangalore power circle successfully steering his career from one height to another Hamlet -Author: William Shakespeare Hamlet is a revenge story that is perhaps like any other- a son's quest for avenging his father's murder. But it has been said that nothing is new under the sun. All stories are old and familiar, and it is the
telling that raises it to the level of a masterpiece. Love, lust and hatred, those indispensable elements of every story, are discovered anew in this timeless classic. The drama pulls the reader into an intimate engagement and Hamlet's tragedy becomes the tragedy of every individual. No nation is a stranger to political intrigues and love affairs. Scandals in the court are scintillating without being surprising. With the words "something is rotten in the state of Denmark", Shakespeare underlines the universality of
'rotten'-ness. The king of Denmark is killed by his brother, who lusts after the crown and the queen. Hamlet, the prince, comes to know about this and vows revenge. Get this e-book now at a very low price. Black Beauty -Author: Anna Sewell The book is an autobiography from the point of view of the titular horse, named Black Beauty. The first part of the book deals with Beauty's birth in a meadow, his time spent as a foal with his mother and the
advice she gives him to behave well to be treated well. Then he is sold to the Squire Gordon who is a horse lover and cares very well for his animals. Here he meets the grooms John Manly and James
Howard who are loving, neat and efficient. Beauty spends the better part of three years here and makes
friends with the other horses: Ginger, Merrylegs and Sir Oliver. This idyllic life ends with the beginning of the second part where Beauty is sold, along with Ginger to Earlshall Park. The life is harder there and
the painful bearing rein is used on the horses. A riding accident causes his knees to be ruined and he is
sold as a job horse to a new master who cannot take the trouble of rearing a horse and sells him again. Next, Beauty is sold to a hardworking cab driver called Jerry. On the runs in the streets he meets his
friend Ginger who is miserable due to the harsh treatment meted out to her and subsequently he watches her corpse being carted away a few months later. Jerry falls ill and Beauty is sold again. The horse then passes from one master to another, most of whom overwork and mistreat him till at last he is sold to the
Blomefield family for whom his old groom Joe Green is working. Green recognizes Beauty and he lives
out his last days in peace and happiness. Get this e-book now at a very low price.
Activity:10 JAM- Pair work- Choose a quote and speak for a minute to the class 1. A room without books is like a body without
a soul.” ― Marcus Tullius Cicero 2. So many books, so little time.” ― Frank Zappa 3. “Good friends, good books, and a sleepy conscience:
this is the ideal life.”― Mark Twain 4. “I have always imagined that Paradise will be a kind
of library.” ― Jorge Luis Borges 5. “I find television very educating. Every time somebody
turns on the set, I go into the other room and read a book.” ― Groucho Marx 6. “If you only read the books that everyone else is reading, you can only think what
everyone else is thinking.” ― Haruki Murakami, Norwegian Wood 7. “Be careful about reading health books. You may die of a misprint.” ― Mark Twain 8. “Do not read, as children do, to amuse yourself, or like the ambitious, for the purpose
of instruction. No, read in order to live.”― Gustave Flaubert 9. “When I have a little money, I buy books; and if I have any left, I buy food and clothes.” -
26 10. Books are the compass and telescopes and sextants and charts which other men have prepared to help us navigate the dangerous seas of human life.-- Jesse Lee Bennett.
Activity: 11 Read the following IELTS general question and answers: Ask your partner and get his/ her reply
What kinds of books do you like reading? Example: I don’t like reading. Books are boring. I much prefer to play on the internet or
just watch TV in my free time. Reading books just sends me to sleep. Although I think books are great ways to learn, and I know some people love to read, I’ve never been a great fan of them. I used to read books a bit when I was younger but not much anymore. I read a lot on the internet actually, articles on various topics. So I do read, but it’s just not usually books. I don’t really like reading, but I did read a book once. I’ll tell you the story. It was set in the 1960’s in London. It was about a poor family who were just trying hard to make ends meet as they had so little money. If followed the life of the boy in the family from when he was young until he grew up. The first part of the book was about
growing up with his family and his school life... (candidate continues the story)
Read the following and answer the questions:
1. Do you often read newspapers?
2. What's is your reading everyday?
3. What do you like to read the best?
4. Do you like to discuss with others when you read books?
5. How long do you read?
6. Where do you like to read?
