Crossrail – Transport by Train

Systems Integration - and Integrating Systems

Phillip Hinde, Principal Engineer Rolling Stock and Depots,

Crossrail Limited

April 2015

What is Crossrail?

Crossrail as part of London’s transport

network

Project Progress Report

The Crossrail train as part of an

engineering system

The Crossrail train as a major part of the

customer experience

Topics to cover tonight

What is Crossrail?

A major infrastructure project

An exercise in systems integration

Linking existing and new routes

Four separate rail infrastructures

New transport capacity for London

10% increase in rail capacity

Faster east-west journeys across London

Paddington – Canary Wharf 30 minutes becomes 17

An agent for economic growth and regeneration

Crossrail activities: progress

Crossrail Tunnelling

Tunelling

Complete

Thames Tunnel staff walkthrough

Tottenham Court Rd

Enlargement 100% complete Farringdon

Platform Enlargement

93%

Eleanor St Shaft

Enlargement

71%

Platform Enlargements

98%

SCL Total Progress:

74%

Fisher Street Enlargement

100% Bond St

Other Enlargement on-going

75%

Liverpool St

Platform Enlargement: 100%

Whitechapel Secondary Lining

Ongoing

22%

Tottenham Court Rd

Secondary Lining

92%

Bond St

Secondary Lining

93%

Fisher Street Secondary Lining

14%

Liverpool St

Secondary Lining:

41%

Farringdon

Other Enlargement

79%

Platform Secondary Lining

63%

SCL Highlights

Delivery update - West

Delivery update - Central

Delivery update - East

Woolwich Box

Delivery update - Systemwide

Integrating with the rest of London

East-west – easing the pressure

10% increase in London’s rail capacity

Facilitating wider upgrades

Tottenham Court Road

Farringdon – interaction with Thameslink

Canary Wharf – Docklands regeneration and further growth

Challenge – integrating ‘main-line’ and ‘Metro’ rail practice

Technically

Standards

Operationally

Timetabling practice

Regulation

Commercially

Ticketing

Information

Customer care – PRM assistance

New Crossrail Stations

2 Major

Structures

27 Stations

(10 Major) Track 66km 61 Platform

Extensions

Electrification

146km 360 Signalling

Units

2 Replacement

Interlockings

112 Cab

CCTV Platforms

Crossrail

Surface Works

Delivery update - Surface

Systems and Rolling Stock

Tunnel Fit-out

Track

Signalling

Traction Power

Tunnel Ventilation

Telecomms. - DOO CCTV - Information

Platform Edge Doors

Integration with legacy network

Testing and Commissioning

3 month window!

Route Wide Railway Infrastructure

Rolling Stock

Paddington

Track Systems

Railway and

Tunnel Systems

Traction Power &

Overhead Line

Equipment

Track Systems

Gravity Drainage

HV Power

HV Power

Tunnel Lighting Tunnel Lighting

Communications

& Control Communications

& Control

LV Power LV Power

Station Systems

Automatic Fare

Collection

Lifts & Escalators

Station

Management

System

Station Heating,

Cooling and Air

Conditioning

Station Cable Management

System

Station Cable

Management

System

Route Control

Centre

Back Up Control

Facility

Bulk Supply

Points

Auto Trans-

former Sites

Station

Ventilation

Emergency

Walkway

Station Lighting

Passenger

Information

Signage

CCTV

PA / VA

Tunnel Ventilation

H

elp

Poin

t

Fire Main

Smoke Extract

Fire Detection

Signalling

Radio Systems

Pump Pumped

Drainage

Pla

tform

Doors

Depots and

Stabling

Track

Concern over wear rate - limited maintenance window

Demanding alignment curving in 3 dimensions!

Special track-forms to reduce ground borne vibration

Need to minimise wheel and rail roughness

Dry conditions may give need for flange and top-of-rail friction management

Track-friendly trains

Cut the weight

Cut the unsprung mass

Design a suspension that curves well

Reduce yaw stiffness

But trade-off with stability – Crossrail a

challenge because a curvaceous central

tunnel is combined with straight and

relatively fast surface running

Controlling Friction

Too little Slip and slide

Too much Wear and misalignment

Flange lubrication Track or train?

Stick or spray?

Top of rail friction modification

Track or train?

Sanding Affects pointwork, track circuits, drains

Signalling

24 – 30 trains per hour target on

core route

Automatic Train Operation

necessary

ATO over ETCS (European

mainline cab signalling

standard) considered

Capacity of train-wayside

communication a risk

Proprietary ‘metro’ CBTC

system to be adopted for central

section

Integration with new and legacy

systems ‘on-Network’

Fitting Signalling Equipment on the train

Nominated sub-contract approach

Signalling contractor (Siemens) will sell CBTC items to train builder (balise reader, on-board computer etc.)

Rolling stock builder (Bombardier) will integrate with train and with on-board ETCS system

Rolling stock builder will test at his test facility

Transitions between different signalling systems to be proven

CBTC – ETCS

CBTC – legacy AWS/TPWS

ETCS – legacy AWS/TPWS

Traction Power

25kV at the catenary

50 kV auto transformer

system – reduces I2R

transmission loss

Strengthens supply for

existing users

Receptive for regenerative

braking

Solid bar conductor in

tunnel section

Traction Power - Feeding arrangement

KENSAL GREEN BSP

PUDDING MILL LANE BSP

Maidenhead MPATS

Slough ATS

Hayes SATS

West Ealing

ATS

Kensal Green ATFS

Westbourne Park ATS

Stepney Green SATS

Custom House ATS

Plumstead ATS

Pudding Mill Lane ATFS

Ilford SATS

Gidea Park SATS

Shenfield MPATS

RED = Kensal Green + associated AT sites

ORANGE = Pudding Mill Lane + associated AT sites

Tunnel Ventilation

Three objectives Fire incident management

Stranded train incident management

Long term maintenance of tunnel temperature

Separation of running tunnels and platforms

Rolling stock contribution Energy efficiency

Regenerative Braking

Fire load

Minimise pressure pulse

Telecomms.

Several Radio Systems

GSM-R

Public GSM

Signalling Data

Emergency Services

WiFi?

Driver -only CCTV

Giving Driver best-possible view of platform

Risk of dragging persons along platform

Needs to work with Platform Edge Doors

Common system throughout Crossrail network

London Underground DOO CCTV practice

cameras on stations

screens in cab

Choice of wayside-train link

Platform Edge Doors / Information

Physical Clearance – ‘Gauging’

Limited by Tunnels, Bridges, Platforms etc.

KE determined by : Speed

Dynamic Behaviour of Suspension

Track Fixity

Curvature and Cant

Tolerances – track & train

Lower clearances necessitate extra track maintenance

Platform stepping distances must be maintained

PED entrapment to consider

Rolling Stock Contract

Contract awarded April 2014

to Bombardier

A ‘Design Build and Maintain’

arrangement

Vehicle construction starts

later in 2015

First complete Unit on test

early 2016

Initial Deployment on existing

Liverpool St.-Shenfield

services from May 2017

Contract includes

development of the principal

depot at Old Oak Common

Old Oak Common Aerial View

Old Oak Common today – segment construction

Maintain the fleet

Exploit diagnostics and condition monitoring to extend

routine maintenance periodicities

Bombardier AVIS technology

Stable half the fleet

Clean and wash the fleet

Ensure timely despatch and receipt of trains

ARS routing into depot

Maintain security

Provide traincrew depot facility – inc. training suite

Crossrail Depot Objectives

Crossrail Building – 2700 square metres

Building becomes a reality

A World Class Train for a World Class Railway

Smart

Reliable

Safe

Easy to Use

Value for Money

Delivered on Time

Conforms to all the Regulations!

Meets Sponsors’ Requirements

41

Class 345 Rolling Stock – Key Data

Overall requirements Driven by Sponsors’ Requirements in terms of capacity, passenger volumes and journey time – 1500 passengers per train

A train that works with new, recent (Heathrow branch) and legacy infrastructure

Standards Trains will be compliant with Conventional Loc.&Pass.TSI and NNTRs.

Train Size 163m (Initial GE services;) Expandable to 205m - Car length not prescribed

Gauge profile based on Class 319/MkIII coach- widespread UK gauge clearance

Train Formation Fixed formation- semi permanent couplers between cars .

Mechanical couplers at ends- for rescue and recovery.

Supply Voltage 25Kv Overhead - ‘Passive Provision’ for later fitment of DC (‘Dual Voltage’) equipment

Power and Performance 1ms-2 initial acceleration

90mph (145km/hr)

9%g full service brake rate (12% emergency brake rate). Typical ATO brake rate 7.5%g

Regenerative brake

Sectional run times to be achieved with a 10% contingency

42

Class 345 – Challenges

Reliability (Reliability, Reliability!)

Performance Dwell time management as important as inter-station times

Systems Integration

Interfacing with legacy infrastructure

Gauging, platforms

Signalling, EMC

Boarding and Alighting

Major topic of concern to railway safety bodies Tripping, falling between train and platform

Trapping passengers in doors- dragging along platform

Key concern of PRM legislation

Significant range of platform heights and gaps at legacy on-Network stations

Ease of boarding affects station dwell times and hence timetabling and energy usage

Size and number of doors, and internal car layout and station platform layouts all affect dwell time

Trade-off between gauge clearance and reduced stepping distances

44

Class 345 Rolling Stock – ‘Green’ Issues

Energy Consumption- Carbon Footprint Weight targets

Optimised regenerative braking

Timetabling and ATO settings

Driver Advisory Systems for ‘eco-driving’ in manual mode

‘Hotel load’ management features

Use of Materials - Responsible Procurement

Noise Noise TSI compliant

Interior targets based on recent UK practice

Targets for tunnel running based on experience

Undertakings in Crossrail Act re ground-borne noise and vibration

Drivers of energy consumption

Accelerating up to speed

KE = ½ Mv2

Weight effect

Aerodynamic drag

Also largely a (v2) issue

Traction chain efficiency (80-85%)

So regenerative braking does not give perpetual motion!

Auxiliary consumption

Transmission losses

46

Class 345 Rolling Stock – Fire Safety

SRT (Safety in Rail Tunnels) TSI category A the base requirement, as stations less than 5km apart

Running capability 5 minutes including traction

Mitigation of concerns around Open Wide Gangways

Material standards to match London Underground ‘deep tube’ practice

Research on fire size, smoke spread and ignition sources

Supplier to demonstrate ‘tenability’ assuming fire detection systems and active smoke management

47

Interior vision

Vision Realised

Exterior vision takes shape

Trains being built

Crossrail is at the point of transition from a

civil engineering project to a railway system

Customers will expect a seamless service

across a range of railway infrastructure and

operators

The train will be the common ‘touch point’

everywhere from Reading to Shenfield and

Abbey Wood to Heathrow

Some concluding thoughts

Thank-you

Questions?

www.crossrail.co.uk