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CultureChapter 4 Folk and Popular CultureChapter 5 LanguageChapter 6 ReligionChapter 7 Ethnicity

Unit ObjectivesIdentifying and analyzing culture, cultural traits, diffusion, acculturation, assimilation, and cultural regions. Identifying and explaining various cultural landscapes and understanding a sense of placeUnderstanding how cultural patterns are represented at various scales from local to global.Understanding the origin and distribution of languages Identifying Universalizing and Ethnic Religions and recognizing how religions organize space Understanding the distribution of ethnicities, why some have become nationalities and some current and historical ethnic conflicts. Describing and explaining differences and similarities between world languages, world religions, ethnic groups (ethnicity), and popular/ folk culture.

2014 Pearson Education, Inc.2What is Culture?Sum of all the typical activities of a group of peopleValuesMaterial items Political institutionsPop/Folk Culture refers to material items2 aspects of material cultureSurvival techniques food, shelter, clothingLeisure activities art, sports, music, movies, etc.Habit vs. CustomGeographers study how culture influences behavior.Difference between habit and customHabit is a repetitive act performed by an individual.One college student wears jeans with colorful patches.

Custom is a repetitive act performed by a group.All college students from the American South wear jeans with colorful patches.HabitCustom4.1.1: Compare the origin, diffusion, and distribution of folk and popular culture. PopVSLarge groups of peopleHeterogeneous groupsChanges quicklyDispersed Global scaleEx. Wearing jeans, eating fast food, attending sporting eventsHierarchical Diffusion through major centers i.e. NYC, LA, Chicago, London

FolkSmall, isolated groupsHomogeneous groupsSlow to changeClustered local scaleLittle interaction w/ othersEx. Wearing a sari, driving a horse and buggyRelocation Diffusion Ex: Amish people from PA. to KY.

2014 Pearson Education, Inc.Warm-up Activity Describe a (1) personal habit, a (2) custom that you follow that is not generically popular culture, and (3) a culture that you follow. Be sure to define and explain each one, and then try to explain where each one originated.Describe a (4) distinctive food preference that your family has and trace its origins to a folk hearth. If you dont have one, use an example that youve heard of or seen (not from the book).

2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.Diffusion of Pop and Folk CultureFolk CultureFolk Culture is ClusteredIsolationTends to lead to cultural diversityKeeps folk cultures from changing muchPhysical EnvironmentLimits some choices Food habits strongly connected to environmentREMEMBER POSSIBILISM Some cultures in similar environments have different cultural traitsSome cultures in different environments have similar cultural traits (pop culture)Some examples of these

Belarus people celebrating a festival 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.Diffusion of Pop and Folk CultureFolk Culture is ClusteredFood customs (repetitive act of a group is a custom) strongly connected to environment

Attractions Slow cook foods = N. EuropeSpicy food = 25 around equator

TaboosReligious food taboos (often environmental reasons) Taking on the phone in the bathroom

Different housing styles: combo of social customs & environment

How does physical geography impact local food styles/ regional dishes?How does physical geography impact housing styles? 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.Environment & Folk Culture

2014 Pearson Education, Inc.Worldwide Food Comparison

Spice Indian curriesEnglish meat pies & soupsregions renowned for their hot climates such as Sichuan and Hunan (point these provinces out on the map) are also well known for their hot, spicy dishes

Northern China, on the other hand, is known for its noodles, since the primary agricultural product of this region is wheat.

Vegetables add to the diet and the available meat is largely pork, and chicken which can be raised on very little space.It does not make economic sense to use valuable farmland as grassland for raising beef. The lack of pasture land for grazing means that there are less milk and dairy products in the Chinese diet. Therefore, they use the soy bean to provide protein and calcium. Population and Food

Why do you think these compounds are built as single units that open inward?region lineages often had to protect themselvesEach dwelling housed several related families. All structural requirements for daily living, including storage of food and implements, could be collected under one roofFujian province in a region where Hakka live in single-lineage dominated villages. When these houses were built, different lineages were often engaged in armed feuding with each other. House Types in Four Western Chinese Communities

Figure 4-9

To the right is a picture of a farmer's market in Shandong province in North China

How do you suppose people in China would recognize that the buyers and sellers here are Han Chinese?

clothing, is typical of that worn by Han Chinese of their age in their day

Clothing, of course, is a very complex medium for conveying information about ethnicity, as it also carries messages about age, class, occupation, interest in fashion, and even politics.Religion and City/Town Planning

New Haven Green

New England commons/ greens originally were designed around religious buildings These areas have become public parks/ spaces Why is P. C. Widely Dispersed?Diffusion of HousingHousing b/co standard across cultures in MDCsCheaper to buildBuilt by professionals Housing varies across time NOT space

Diffusion of ClothingDress = Status/Income(Folk Culture: Dress = Cultural Group)Clothing choices NOT environmentally driven

Diffusion of FoodMDCs consume LOTS of snack foods & alcohol (higher standards of living)Huge $$$ on advertising to encourage consumption

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Where are these people from?U.S. House Types (19451990)

Figure 4-16Diffusion of Facebook

Figure 4-21Is Maintaining a Folk Culture possible in the Modern Age? Gross National HappinessBhutan and Cultural Change What elements encourage the retention of folk culture?What elements encourage the diffusion of popular culture?

What connections can you make to past units of study from this video? (population, migration, geographers models?) Discussion QuestionsWhat conflicts might develop as a result of the clash between folk and popular culture?What choice do you think Bhutan should make? (should they join the WTO & allow in products/ culture that could impact their own Folk culture?) Folk Culture vs. Social MediaIs the Preservation of Folk Culture Possible with the use of Technology and social media?Social websites like MySpace and YouTube are changing the way that popular and folk cultures are diffused. Give and support an argument for how the Internet might aid the preservation, or even expansion, of some folk cultural elements.

Problems Associated w/ Globalization of Popular CultureThreatens Folk CultureMuslims view Western dress as a threatMales lose power over females Problems of looking WesternizedEffect on religious taboos and habitsLess people observe food/clothing restrictionsNegative popular culture transfers (pg. 137)Increase in prostitution in LDCsBlood Diamonds (Conflict Diamonds) in AfricaMDCs dominate the mediaOver-represents Western ideasFocus on negative aspects of LDCs(natural disasters)Control Foreign countries economically?Economic imperialism

2014 Pearson Education, Inc.Problems Cont. Impact on the EnvironmentUniform landscapes = most suburban areas VERY similar (strip malls & housing developments)Depletion of natural resourcesGolf courses use up a lot of land (& water)Over-killing of animals for products/ sport (Africa)Eating meat instead of grains inefficient and expensive; is this suitable for LDCs??PollutionMDCs create MUCH more waste than LDCs (where folk culture is more prevalent) (Keep in mind folk cultures also produce waste) 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.4.1.2: Compare the characteristics of folk and popular music.

2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.Where Do Cultures Originate and Diffuse?Origin of folk and popular musicFolk music characteristicsTells a story or recounts important life events or activitiesIs personal in naturePopular music characteristicsWritten by individuals for the purpose of selling to a large audienceHighly technical 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.Popular Music Map

Figure 4-2 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.Hip-Hop Map

Figure 4-3 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.http://www.quia.com/quiz/1527958.html

2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.