C.W. Shelmerdine Introduction to Greek 2 nd edition (Newburyport, MA: Focus, 2008)

C.W. ShelmerdineIntroduction to Greek 2nd edition(Newburyport, MA: Focus, 2008)

Chapter 2

Shelmerdine Chapter 2Verb formation: terminologyThe present active indicative of thematic verbs (1st principal part) Verb accentsThe negative Common conjunctions

Shelmerdine Chapter 2Five items to know and identify about every Greek verb:PERSONNUMBERTENSEMOOD VOICE

Shelmerdine Chapter 2PERSON - subject of verb1st (I, we)2nd (you, yall)3rd (she, he, it, they, Godzilla, etc)NUMBERTENSEMOOD VOICE

Shelmerdine Chapter 2PERSONNUMBER - subject of verbSingular (I, you, she, he, it, Godzilla)Plural (we, yall, they, Godzillas)TENSEMOOD VOICE

Shelmerdine Chapter 2PERSONNUMBERTENSE - timepresentMOOD VOICE

Shelmerdine Chapter 2PERSONNUMBERTENSEMOOD purpose of verb in sentenceindicativeVOICE

Shelmerdine Chapter 2PERSONNUMBERTENSEMOOD VOICE relationship of subject to verbactive

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 parse/parsing1st, 2nd or 3RD PERSONSINGULAR or PLURALPRESENTINDICATIVE ACTIVE

Shelmerdine Chapter 2Verb formation: principal parts Principal parts are a shorthand way of indicating how an individual verb forms its tenses. For example, in English:carry carried carriedgo went gonesing sang sungall summarize how these verbs form their tenses.

Shelmerdine Chapter 2Verb formation: principal parts In Greek, there are seven tenses and three voices, although few verbs have all possible combinations of these. Six principal parts provide the shorthand for the possible tenses and voices. We will learn these parts as we learn the tenses and voices.

Shelmerdine Chapter 22. The present active indicative of thematic verbs (1st principal part) All verbs in this chapter are present indicative active.

Shelmerdine Chapter 22. The present active indicative of thematic verbs (1st principal part) All verbs in this chapter have two partsa stem which tells you the vocabulary meaning of the verban ending which tells you the person and number

Shelmerdine Chapter 22. The present active indicative of thematic verbs (1st principal part) Since only the ending tells you the person and number, you must use the ending to determine the subject of the verb (which normally will not be expressed by a separate word).

Shelmerdine Chapter 2singular- (I)- (you)- (s/he, it)plural- (we)- (you, yall)- (they)the endings forpresent indicative activeverbs

Shelmerdine Chapter 2singular (I loose) (you loose) (s/he, it looses)plural (we loose) (you, yall loose) (they loose)the stem = loose

Shelmerdine Chapter 2singular (I have) (you have) (s/he, it has)plural (we have) (you, yall have) (they have)the stem = have

Shelmerdine Chapter 22. The present active indicative of thematic verbs (1st principal part) Greek has only one present tense, so =we haveor we are havingor we do have

Shelmerdine Chapter 22. The present active indicative of thematic verbs (1st principal part) Any word in Greek which ends in - adds an additional when followed by either (1) a word beginning with a vowel or (2) a mark of punctuation.

Shelmerdine Chapter 22. The present active indicative of thematic verbs (1st principal part) This rule affects the spelling and pronunciation of verbs in the 3rd person plural. It does not change the meaning. ... they have and ... they have but. they have.

Shelmerdine Chapter 2Looking up a Greek verbIn a vocabulary, glossary, lexicon, or dictionary, a Greek verb is listed by its 1st person, singular, present, indicative, active form loosethe form means I loose, but the vocabulary will just say loosethe stem is everything before the :stem = -

ELEMENTARY GREEKMost Greek verbs have recessive accent= the accent wants to recede back (left) to the antepenult. The length of the vowel in the ultima determines how far back the accent can recede. If the ultima is short, the accent recedes to the antepenult:

short ultimaaccent on antepenult

ELEMENTARY GREEKMost words in Greek have recessive accent= the accent wants to recede back (left) to the antepenult. The length of the vowel in the the ultima determines how far back the accent can recede. If the ultima is long (= two shorts), the accent recedes only to the penult:

long ultimaaccent on penult

Shelmerdine Chapter 24. The negative The word means not and negates a verb: = we loose = we do not loose

Shelmerdine Chapter 24. The negative normally does not have an accent and precedes the word it negates: before a vowel, adds a , with no change in meaning before a vowel with a rough breathing, the becomes a -, with no change in meaning

Shelmerdine Chapter 25. Common conjunctionsThis chapter introduces two common conjunctions and but

Shelmerdine Chapter 25. Common conjunctionsNotice that both and have acute accents on the ultima.Any word with an acute accent on the ultima changes it to grave when followed by another word: We write and we sacrifice but we run away.this is the only use of the grave accent

Shelmerdine Chapter 25. Common conjunctionsBefore a word beginning with a vowel, elides to We pursue but we do not run away.

Shelmerdine Chapter 2VocabularyLSU uses a Core Vocabulary of about 1,100 words which you learn during the first two years of Greek.You are responsible only for vocabulary in Shelmerdine which also appears in the Core Vocabulary.

Shelmerdine Chapter 2VocabularyIn Moodle is a pdf listing which words in Shelmerdine you are responsible for this semesterAll the vocabulary listed in Chapter 2 is in the Core Vocabulary.

ELEMENTARY GREEKfor tomorrow (***):Quiz: given a verb (as in the vocabulary), write out all six forms

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C.W. Shelmerdine Introduction to Greek 2 nd edition (Newburyport, MA: Focus, 2008)