C.Z

3 | COMPETITIVE ZEAL | DECEMBER 2012

COMPETITIVE ZEAL

FIRST PAGECompetitive Zeal for Latest Update

Dear Readers,

Heartiest thanks to all of you for your faith and support forCompetitive Zeal, for quite a long time. It has been the privilegeof I.B.S. to cater to the needs of our students in pursuit of their goalto success in their exam/competitions. I.B.S. has always been knownfor its innovation and student centric teaching approach as we verywell understand that exams are getting tougher will the fast changingtimes. In order to build an edge in the competition, one has to workwith self confidence, perseverance and hard work. Infact life is likea battle, one has to fight if fearlessly. Fight with confidence, positiveattitude, right aptitude and with determined efforts to achieve thesuccess ultimately. One who tries, has a chance of victory.

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Associate Editor

Competitive ZEAL

EditorRahul Dev

Associate EditorJiwan Kumar Bansal

AdvisorsAjay Singh GuleriaRajeev Kumar

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First Page

CONTENTS

Obstacles are those frightful things; you see when you takeyour eyes off your goal HENRY FORD

1. The Vice President of India 2

2. London Olympics India an 4Under Achiever

3. News: National/International 6

4. Commonly Used Terms 11

5. Test Your Knowledge 14 An Exercise

7. Current General Knowledge 15

8. SSC Compendium 16

9. FCI-Special "Recent 19Appointments & Meetings"

10. One Word Substitution 26

11. Reasoning Kapsule 28

12. Vocab Funda 32

13. Crossword Puzzle 33

14. SBI Exam -7th Oct, 2012 34

15. IDBI Exam Paper 48

16. AAO Exam Paper 60


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THE Vice President of India is thesecond highest dignitary of India,only next to President of India.Though no formal functions areattached to the office of VicePresident but still he performssome functions. The Vice Presidentis elected by the members of anElectoral College consisting of all790 members of both houses ofParliament (545 of the Lok Sabhaand 245 of Rajya Sabha). Unlike inthe Presidential election, the nominated members of bothhouses- Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha are also eligible toparticipate in the election for the post of Vice President.

The election of the Vice President, like that of Presidentshall be indirect and in accordance with the system ofproportional representation be means of the single transferablevote. But the election of Vice President is infact different fromthat of the President as the State Legislature have no part in it.The Vice President is elected by an Electoral College consistingof the members of both Houses of Parliament. The voting is bysecret ballot and voters rank the candidates in order ofpreference:-1. Recording 1 opposite the name of the candidate who is

their first choice.2. 2 to their second preference and so on. The votes should

be recorded in numerals, not in words.3. During the counting, the numbers of first preference votes

secured by each candidate is ascertained. The numbers soascertained are added up. The total is divided by two andone is added to the quotient disregarding any remainder.The resulting number is the quota sufficient for a candidateto secure election.

4. In case no candidate is successful to obtain the requirednumber of first preference votes then the candidate gettingleast number of first preference votes will be eliminatedand 2nd preference votes of such candidate will betransferred to the respective remaining candidates forwhom such second preferences have been marked.

5. The process will be repeated till a candidate gets therequisite number of votes.

Vice President Of India

Qualifications:-A person, in order to be elected as Vice President must be:-

1. Citizen of India.2. Has completed 35 years of age.3. Must not hold any office of profit under Union, State or

Local Authority in their meaning of Article 66 of IndianConstitution.For a person to be elected as President, he must be qualified

for election as a member of the House of People. Similarly inorder to be Vice President, he must be qualified to be elected asa member of the Council of States. The purpose behind thisprovision is that the Vice President is normally to act as Chairmanof the Council of the State. Here it is pertinent to add that thereis no bar to a member of the Union or State Legislature beingelected President or Vice President but a person cannot holdtwo offices. But once he is elected President or Vice President,he will be deemed to have vacated his seat in that House of theLegislature to which he was a member.

Term of Office:-The term of the Vice President is 5 years. His office may

terminate earlier to this term of five years, either by resignationor by removal.

Removal:-Within the meaning of the Article 67, Provision (b), a formal

impeachment is not required for the removal of Vice President.He may be removed by a resolution of the Council of Statespassed by the majority of its members and agreed to by theHouse of People.

Re-election:-Though there is no specific provision for re-election of

Vice President but the Explanation to Article 66 of IndianConstitution suggests that the sitting Vice President may gofor re-election. Dr. S. Radhakrishnan was re-elected VicePresident in 1957.

Functions of Vice President:-The function of the Vice President may be discussed as

under:-a) The normal function of the Vice President is to act as the

ex-officio Chairman of the Council of States.

Man is by nature a political animalMan is by nature a political animalMan is by nature a political animalMan is by nature a political animalMan is by nature a political animal AristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotle


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b) If there occurs any vacancy in the office of the Presidentby reason of his death, resignation, removal or otherwise,the Vice President will act as President until a new Presidentis acted and enters upon his office.

c) The Vice President will discharge the functions of thePresident during the temporary absence of the Presidentor any other cause by reason of which President is unableto discharge his functions. Here it is quite interesting tonote that there is no mechanism under the Constitution todetermine as to when the President is unable to dischargehis duties. Historically speaking it was in 1960, the VicePresident Dr. S.Radhakrishnan, for the first time was giventhe opportunity of acting as President owing to theinability of the President Dr. Rajendra Prasad to dischargehis duties as he (then President) was on 15 day visit toRussia. Second time in May 1961, when Dr. Rajendra Prasadbecome seriously ill and incapable of discharging hisduties, himself suggested that the Vice President should

discharge the functions of President until he resumed hisduties.In the event of the occurance of vacancy in the office of

both the President and the Vice President by reason of death,resignation, removal etc. the Chief Justice of India or in hisabsence the senior most judge of the Supreme Court availablewill discharge the functions of President until a new Presidentis elected. In 1969, Chief Justice Sh. Hidyatullah discharged thefunctions of the President when on the death of Dr. ZakirHussain, the Vice President Sh. V.V.Giri resigned.

Emoluments:-When the Vice President discharges the functions of the

President, the Vice President shall not perform the duties of theChairman of Rajya Sabha and shall not entitled to receive thesalary of the Chairman. During this period he is entitled for thesalary and privileges of the President of India.

FORMER VICE PRESIDENTS OF INDIA

Dr. S. Radhakrishnan Dr.Zakir Hussain Sh. V.V. Giri Sh. Gopal Swarup Pathak

Sh. B.D.Jatti Sh. M. Hidayatullah Sh. R. Venkataraman Dr. Shanker Dayal Sharma

Sh. K.R. Narayanan Sh. Krishan Kant Sh.Bhairon Singh Shekhawat


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India, the worlds largest democracy, second largest countryin the world by population (fast catching up with China though),has been under -achiever at London Olympics. With apopulation of over 1.2 billion and just 6 medals and none isgold. A total of six medals for India averages to one medal forroughly every 207 million inhabitants. Compare to that to Chinawith one medal for every 15.5 million people (for a total of 87medals). With an annual GDP of 1.848 trillion, India is worlds10th largest economy according World Bank Data 2011. Yet itsnumber of medals is far lower than that of countries with smallereconomies. Here we may also take an example of Russia, with amarginally larger economy than India, is having won 87 medalsat this Olympics. This is all disturbing for all Indians. It will besimply wrong to guess that India does not care about competingin the Olympics. We have, infact eagerly followed the gameswhile cheering the athletes. Ironically, the question of Indiaspoor performance at Olympics arises only when the games areon, for only about two weeks every four years and we do notcare about them for the rest of three years and more.

We are torn between feeling proud for six athletes of Indiathat brought us the medals, our best ever medal tally, and thefeeling of disappointment at seeing India finish at a poor 55thrank. This rank reflects not only the state of sports infrastructurein India but also our state of mind as a country. Though wecannot deny the fact that we are a poor nation having a largemajority of Indians struggling for survival yet we have a greatpotential to rank in the top ten countries in the world.

Time has come now to build grass roots sporting culturein the country. The experts are of the view that there is lack ofinclusive sports growth policy for large sections of the Indianpopulation. So how can we count them as potential medalwinners in games/athletics. They are excluded by poorchildhood health, physical isolation by poor transportation fromthe athletic centers in the big cities or poor knowledge aboutthe modern preparatory techniques and requirements for theOlympics or other sports competitions. Infact we need a sportsinfrastructure and an overhaul of the current training system inIndia. We need to follow Chinese system of building sportingculture which is conducive to Olympic victory. Their rise insports has been phenomenal. Like them also we need moreinvestment in sports and the right kind of the commitment.Undoubtedly we have an abundance of talent and that talentsneeds to be nurtured right from a young age in a requisitetraining environment.

There is no denying the fact that the most of Indian parentsdo not value sports in their families and kids are neverencouraged to join and pursue sports. Parents in India playhighly significant role in children upbringing and the children

LONDON OLYMPICS INDIA AN UNDERACHIEVER

are made to follow what parents wish, not caring what they(children) themselves desire. Sports are not considered at parwith other professions and are not taken as a career. Most parentsthemselves have no understanding of the sporting values andhave a experience of life time working to just survive. The Indianspoor Olympic performance cant be set right, only throughpouring more money in sports but there is every need to changethe mindset of the Indian parents. We should cultivate tasteand culture that values fitness and ruggedness as value. Thefact is that without a widespread adoption of sports withinfamilies, we have no hope for the talented kids to come forwardand whole heartedly adopt and pursue sports. Otherwise sportswould remain an individual pursuit and a personal choice andnot a national culture.

We are a nation has an obsession for cricket. The bigexception to Indias poor performance in sports, is undoubtedlythe cricket. But this is part of problem as we are so cricketobsessed that we have little place for other sports. Cricket hasbecome such a lucrative and beneficial game rather businessthat a successful player can accumulate money for even hisfuture generations but at the cost of other sports/game. Are wea one-sport nation? This is a big question. In India cricketersattract most of the fame in the society. Younger generationbelieves that cricket is quickest way to make quick money andget the fame. No importance is paid to the other sports. Even iftoday we ask an educated matured person to name all the sixIndian Olympics medalists, hardly he would be able to do that.

If we analyze the Chinese policy of sports we find that theessential object of the policy is to win glories for their nationthrough international competition. To achieve this goal, Chinahas established an elite sports system and reformation of sportssystem is an unavoidable process for them. Mao Zedong, in1952 gave a slogan:

Developing sport and promotingpeoples physique

This slogan has strengthened the sports system in China andgreatly contributes to establish the importance of sports inpeoples lives. Development of elite sports system Juguotizhi is originally a specific administrative system andmechanism of Chinese Sports. The essence of this is to utilizethe administrative channels to allocate social resources anddevelop the level of competitive sport in order to win glories forthe Chinese nation. Chinas Olympic system demands that itsathletes give their all and should not expect much in return. It isa structured, planned and Government funded system especiallyto churn out winners. The athletic selection process beginswith little children through sports academies in every major city


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29 year old Mary Kom went downto Britains Nicol Adams 6-11 in awomens boxing semi-final boutto settle for a bronze in thewomens fly weight category.Mary, a five time world champion,fought gallantly but was clearlyout punched, much to the dismay

of a sizeable Indian crowd.

Gagan Narang opened Indiasmedal account at the 2012 LondonOlympics, bagging a bronze in the mens10m Air Rifle. He shot 103.1 in a grippingten shot finals for an aggregate of 701.1after scoring 598 in the qualifying roundin which also he stood third.

Yogeswar Dutt won bronze,bouncing back in repechage. Hepulled off three successive wins inmens freestyle 60 kg wrestlingcompetition on Day 15. I havedevoted 21 years of my life to thissport and this is the biggest day ofmy life. He said as he went toreceive his medal.

Saina Nehwal won thebronze in womens singlesbadminton, defeating Xin Wangof China 18-21, 01, the latterhaving retired hurt. The loneIndian shuttler to challengeChinese domination is hoping herbronze medal will inspire at leasthalf a dozen more to join her at the top.

and province. Olympics candidates are chosen from amongchildren as young as five years old, often based on physicalproportions alone. Tracked children later graduate to centralizedsports academies and finally finish their training programmes inone of many national sports camps which compete each otherfor the honour placing their graduates on an Olympic team.Anyone who bow out of the system, for example due to injury,is not usually cared much. Each of these specially honed athletesis dead serious about making the gold standard, his or her onlystandard for success. Thus the Chinese model of sports trainingis an efficient system of athletic development. Now we Indiansshould also formulate our own new and strong sports policywith a proper focus on nurturing the young talent from a rightage with world class coaching and world class infrastructure.Further the selectors should favor only the natural talent andcapability of a trainee and nothing else.

It is interesting to note that Chinese Gold Medal winnersget more enhanced infrastructure facilities from their governmentthan the allowance and gratitude. But in India, whenever anathlete or sportsman wins gold medal or any medal for thatmatter, he/she gets showered by money from all sides. Thewinner is given gifts worth of crores from different authoritiesbut if he/she fails to get any medal, such sports person is oftenforced to get out of the game to support himself or his family.Thus an athlete has to face harsh realities and feels demoralized.Under the circumstances we need an institutionalized approachto tackle various problems of sports building within the framework of a comprehensive and effective national sports policy.

India is definitely having an amazing talent and we need toundertake an arduous task of our sports construction withreformation of our existing sports system and process shouldstart from a village level talent to that of national level with agoal of India becoming world leader in the sports.

Indians at London OlympicWrestler Sushil Kumar won

India their sixth and final medal of thegames after settling for silver in thefinal of the mens 66kg freestyle event.Sushil looked almost unstoppable tillJapanese Tatsuhiro Yonemitsu haltedhis charge, getting the better of him3-1 in the final.

26 year old Vijay Kumar took thesilver in the 25m Rapid Fire Pistol eventwith 30 out of 40 shots. He started witha perfect five, shooting his targets infour seconds in a final in which thereigning world champion Alexei Klimovwent medal less.

THE MEDAL TALLY

COUNTRY GOLD SILVER BRONZE TOTALUSA 46 29 29 104CHINA 38 27 22 87G BRITAIN 29 17 19 65RUSSIA 24 25 33 82S. KOREA 13 08 07 28GERMANY 11 19 14 44FRANCE 11 11 12 34ITALY 08 09 11 28HUNGARY 08 04 05 17INDIA 00 02 04 06


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Goa topped the List of States with Highest Per Capita IncomeGoa topped the list of the states with highest per capita incomein the country with a total per capita income of `1, 92,652.Delhi with a total per capita income of ` 1.75 lakh in 2011-12secured second spot in the list, followed by Haryana with percapita income of `1,09,227. The national average wasestimated at ` 38,005 in 2011-12 against ` 35,993 in 2010-11.

The estimates are prepared as per methodology prescribedby the Central Statistical Organization on the basis ofprovisional data provided by it and other governmentsources.

Union Government decided to include Chit Funds under theChit Fund Act of 1982 in Six StatesThe Union government decided to include Chit funds, aninformal pooling of funds from individuals for lending underthe Chit Fund Act of 1982 in six states including Gujarat andKerala. The decision is meant to help people access thedispute settlement mechanism. Nagaland, Haryana, Tripura,and Arunachal Pradesh are the other states to come underthe Act, providing a cushion for small savers who are at themercy of local operators. Of the six states brought under thecentral ruling, only Kerala operates under the Kerala Chit Actof 1975. The other five states have no laws to regulate chitfund operators. Registered chit funds have to follow ruleslaid down by the Reserve Bank of India. Industry sourcessay the legislation will force several unregistered chit fundsto shut shop across the country.Given that the chit funds are not managed professionally,investors face difficulty in getting disputes resolved. As perthe estimates projected by the chit fund industry, over 12000registered chit funds manage in excess of `35,000 crore ayear. The share of unregistered funds is possibly 80-90 timesmore than registered funds. The move is expected to bringabout level playing field among registered and unregisteredchit fund operators and make chit funds a safer product forinvestors. A chit scheme generally has a pre-determined valueand duration. Each scheme admits a particular number ofmembers (generally equal to the duration of the scheme), whocontribute a certain sum of money every month (or everyday)to the pot. The pot is then auctioned out every month.The person bidding lowest sum gets the bid amount. Theinitiative to bring chit fund operators under registration isbeing considered a positive move as it will set systems andprocesses in the chit fund industry. If chit funds are registeredand bound under a central Act, it will improve (legal) therecourse mechanism for investors.

NATIONAL / INTERNATIONALNEWS WATCH

News Watch

E-Challan and Receipt (ECR) facility launched by EmployeesProvident Fund Organization (EPFO)Union minister of labor and employment has recentlyinaugurated the E-Challan and .Receipt (ECR) facility to bringtransparency and accessibility for employers in depositingmonthly Employees Provident Fund or EPF contributions oftheir workers. Employers under the ECR service would haveto register their organizations online and generate challansfor making monthly deposits. They can use these challan foreither electronically or physically depositing the ProvidentFund or PF contributions to the bank. After the bank confirmsthe deposit, the concerned regional offices system would beautomatically notified and individual members accountswould get updated.The claim settlement process would become much easier asunder the new initiative, employee details will be added andupdated electronically. Also the need of annual accountspreparation at the end of the year can be done away withunder this system.

RBI directed Indian Banks to maintain Tier I Capital of atleast 7% of their Risk Weighted AssetsThe Reserve Bank of India has published guidelines forimplementation of the new global capital adequacy norms,called Basel III, by March 2018. Indian banks will have tomaintain Tier I capital, or core capital, of at least 7 per cent oftheir risk weighted assets on an ongoing basis. The objectiveis to strengthen risk management mechanism. As per theguidelines specified by the central bank, commercial bankswill have to maintain their total capital adequacy ratio at 9percent, higher than the minimum recommended requirementof 8 percent under the Basel III norms. It has been decidedthat scheduled commercial banks (excluding LABs and RRBs)operating in India will have to maintain a minimum total capital(MTC) of 9 percent of total risk weighted assets (RWAs) asagainst a MTC of 8 percent of RWAs as prescribed in BaselIII rules text of the BCBS (Basel Committee on BankingSupervision). Also banks are directed to keep a capitalconservation buffer of 2.50 percent. It essentially means thatbanks will have to set aside more capital as buffer to avoid a2008-like crisis again. On failing to set aside the mentionedcapital, the banks will not be able to pay dividend and bonus.The RBI tightened the norms to monitor banks investments,inter-connectedness and cross-holdings in the financialsector services which are beyond the active regulatorypurview of the central bank. Basel III requires banks to havea higher share of core capital - which is equity and reserves.Banks will thus require additional ` 1-1.5 lakh crore over the


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next six years for doing the same level of business. Theimplementation of the capital adequacy guidelines based onthe Basel III capital regulations will begin on 1 January 2013.Banks are to attain a minimum Tier I capital ratio of 4.5 percent by January 2013, 5.5 per cent by January 2014, and 6 percent by January 2015. The new capital regulations will befully implemented by 31 March 2018.Under the existing Basel II framework, banks are required tomaintain Tier I capital of at least 6 per cent of their riskweighted assets. Under Basel III, Tier I capital willpredominantly consist of common equity, defined as paid-upequity capital, share premium, surpluses arising from sale ofassets, other disclosed free reserves, and balance in the profitand loss account at the end of the financial year.

Competition Commission of India constituteded EminentPersons Advisory GroupThe Competition Commission of India (CCI) has formed anEminent Persons Advisory Group (EPAG). The group isconstituted to provide CCI inputs and advice on issuesimpacting markets and competition, among others. The groupcomprise Infosys founder N.R. Narayana Murthy, formerComptroller and Auditor General V.N. Kaul, former DeputyGovernor of Reserve Bank of India Rakesh Mohan, BioconChairman and MD Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw, former Director, ofIIM-Ahmedabad Bakul Dholakia, former Chairman of CERCS.L Rao, former Vice-Chancellor of NLSIU, Bangalore N.LMitra. The Group will have interaction/meetings with theCommission two to three times a year.

Boosting Economy: _ RBI raises foreign investment limit ingovernment bondThe Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has recently announced aseries of measures, including raising limits for externalcommercial borrowings and government securities, that wouldhelp revive the battered currency and the economy.The Reserve Bank of India said in a statement that it hastaken measures in consultation with the government toliberalize capital account transactions. It has been decided toallow Indian companies in the manufacturing andInfrastructure sector and earning foreign exchange to availof external commercial borrowing merit of (EC3) for repayOutstanding rupee loans towards capital expenditure and/orfresh Rupee capital expenditure under the approval route,The overall ceiling for such ECBs would be $ l0 billion,The existing limit for investment by Securities and ExchangeBoard of India (SEBI) registered foreign institutional investors(FIIs) in government securities (G-Secs) has been enhancedby a further amount of $5 billion. This would take the overalllimit for FII investment in G-Secs from $ 15 billion to $ 20billion.

In order to broad base the non-resident investor base for G-Secs, it has also been decided to allow long term investorslike Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs), multilateral agencies,endowment funds, insurance funds, pension funds andforeign central banks to be registered with SFBI, to also investin G-Secs for the entire limit of $ 20 billion. The sub-limit of$10 billion (existing $5 billion with residual maturity of 5 yearsand additional limit of $ 5 billion) would have the residualmaturity of three years.

Moonsoons impact on Indian economyThe Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) has forecastan average monsoon in 2012, retaining its earlier forecast inApril. An average or normal monsoon means rainfall between96 and 104 percent of a 50-year average of 89 centimetersduring a four-month season from June, Indias weather officesays. Rainfall below 90 percent of the average is considereda drought.

ARRIVALThe monsoon season starts with the arrival of the rains onthe southern Kerala coast around June I. Its progress triggersplanting of summer crops.

PROGRESSAfter hitting the south coast, it takes about a week to coverthe coffee, tea and rubber growing areas of South India. Itspreads to the rice areas of eastern parts in the first 10 days.It usually covers half of the country in the first fortnight andenters the oilseed-producing areas of central India in the thirdweek of June. Cotton areas in the western region get rains bythe first week of July. It covers entire country by mid-July.Half of Indias farm output comes from crops planted duringthe first half of the June-September season. Here are somefacts on tile monsoon and its impact.

CROPSRICE: Farmers sow paddy at the start of the monsoon in Juneand the key areas are in the east and south. The crop is heavilydependent on rains for irrigation. A bumper harvest last yearled the government to lift a four year ban on exports andrainfall within the average will erase any chance of a return ofthe export ban for the worlds second largest producer of thegrain after China.

SUGARCANE:An average monsoon will help the worlds top sugar producerafter Brazil to keep its free export policy on sugar in the newseason from October l.

OTHERS:Corn, lentils, oilseeds and cotton important crops in westernand central India --have some dependency on the seasonal


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rains. India remains a net importer of lentils and cooking oilsand domestic out-put can alter overseas purchases. Anaverage rainfall could allow the worlds second biggestproducer of cotton continue with its free policy on overseassale.

ECONOMY AND MARKETS1. The monsoon rains are vital for farm output and

economic growth in India, the worlds second-biggestproducer of rice, wheat, sugar and cotton. Farm sectorshares for about 15 percent of Indias nearly $2 trillioneconomy, Asias third biggest.

2. India is largely Self-sufficient in major food grains suchas rice and wheat, but drought can send the country toglobal markets. In 2009, India had to import sugar, sendingglobal prices to record highs and pushing up inflation.

3. Higher farm output would rein in food prices and helpthe government to take steps to cut the fiscal deficit andfarm subsidies. Indias food inflation rose to 10.66percent in May from 10. 18 percent in April, latest figuresshow.

4. A stronger economic outlook can lift sentiment in equitymarkets, mainly of companies selling products in ruralareas, including consumer goods and automobiles.

5. Monsoon rains impact demand for gold in India, theworlds top consumer of the metal, as purchases get aboost when farming incomes rise amid high crop output.

IRRIGATION, POWER1. Monsoon rains replenish reservoirs and lift ground-

water levels, allowing better irrigation and morehydropower output.

2. Higher rain fall can cut demand for subsidized diesel,which is used to pump water from wells for irrigation andmakes up for about 40 percent of Indias oil productsdemand.

European banking crisis can choke trade, FinanceIt has been observed that a crisis in the European bankingsystem can choke trade and finance and in the process globaleconomic growth.The sovereign debt crisis and the banking crisis, now on thehorizon, has grave implications not only for the Europeaneconomy, but also global economy as said by External AffairsMinister S.M Krishna . He further said that a crisis in Europeanbanking system can choke trade, finance and economic growthnot just in the Euro Zone but in the world at large. Europe isof particular concern as it accounts for a significant share ofthe global economy and is also Indias major trade andinvestment partner. There is a need to substantially expandthe resource base of Multi lateral development banks so that

they have the fire-power to help developing countries pursuetheir developmental goals.

Fitch revises Indias outlook to negative; affirms at BB B-Fitch Ratings has revised Indias Outlook to Negative fromStable in June 2012. Its Long Term Foreign and Local CurrencyIssuer Default Ratings ([DRs) have been affirmed at BBB-and Short Term Foreign Currency at F3. Indias CountryCeiling is also affirmed at BBB-. The Outlook revision reflectsheightened risks that Indias medium- to long-term growthpotential will gradually deteriorate If further structural reformsare not hastened, including measures to enhance theeffectiveness of the government and create a more positiveoperational environment for business and privateinvestments. The Negative Outlook also reflects Indiaslimited progress on fiscal consolidation and, in particular, onreducing the central government deficit despite improvementin the financial health of state governments.The rating affirmation reflects Indias diversified economyand its high domestic saving which reduce reliance on foreigninvestors for private investment and fiscal funding. TheIndian government is able to issue long-term debt at a lowcost in its own currency. Net external debt is very law and stillhigh Foreign exchange reserves of the Reserve Bank of India(RBI) provide a cushion against Potential external shocks.The underlying drivers of the last decade of rapid economicgrowth remain in place a fast growing pool of educatedworkers and an innovative private services sector.Fitch, however, notes that India faces an awkwardcombination of slowing growth and still--elevated inflation.Real GDP grew .just 6.5 percent yoy in FY2011-12(end-March2012), down from an 8.4 percent rise in FY2010-11. India alsofaces structural challenges surrounding its investment climatein the form of corruption and inadequate economic reforms.Fitch forecasts real GDP to raise 6.5 percent yoy in FY13,down from a previous projection or 7.5 percent. Headlinewholesale price index (WPI) rose 7.6 percent yoy in May2012, up from 7.2 percent yoy in April. Fitch is projecting WPIto rise by an average of 7.5 percent in FY2012-13 which,though lower than the 8.8 percent rise in FY2011-12, continuesto be higher and stickier than Fitch previously expected,diminishing scope for monetary policy flexibility.Indias public Finances are a key rating weakness comparedwith other BBB-rated sovereigns, which constrains scopefor Fiscal policy flexibility. Fitch estimated general governmentdebt stood at 66 percent of GDP at end-FY2011-12, againstthe BBB median of 39 percent. Moreover Indias governmentrevenue in take is low at 19.4 percent of GDP. The centralgovernment fiscal deficit climbed to 5.8 percent of GDP inFY2011-12, against a target of 4.6 percent, largely reflectingan overshoot in subsidy spending. The government has


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repeatedly delayed reforms to the tax and subsidy systems.The confluence of weaker economic growth and a largesubsidy bill means India will likely miss its 5.1 percent of GDPdeficit target for FY2012--13. Fitch expects it to be 5.6 percent5.9 percent of GDP. General elections due in early 2014 couldsee politically driven pressure to loosen fiscal policy, whichcould further weaken Indias public finances relative to peers.Indias external financial position remains a rating strength,although this is eroding as foreign exchange reserves havefallen (11 percent since August 2011) and net externalindebtedness is rising. Reserves remained at lJSD286bn as ofend-May 2012, equal to six months of current externalpayments, which still provides the sovereign with animportant buffer- during periods of elevated global riskaversion. The sovereign is a net external creditor to the tuneof 10.2 percent of GDP at end-FY2011-12, against the BBBmedian of 3.3 percent of GDP or the BB median of negative4.1 percent of GDP. Slowing growth should curb the currentaccount deficit and slow the weakening of the externalfinances, although oil prices pose a risk. Prolonged andintensified pressure on the Currency and/or foreign reserveswould be negative for the credit profile.A significant loosening of fiscal policy, which leads to anincrease in the gross general Government debt/GDP ratio,would result in a downgrade of Indias sovereign ratings. Inaddition, a material downward revision of Fitchs assessmentof the Indias medium-term growth potential along withpersistent high inflationary pressure would hurt Indiassovereign creditworthiness. Conversely, an improvement inIndias investment climate, which supports greaterinfrastructure investment and a sharp sustained decline ininflation, would be supportive for Indias sovereign ratings.Fiscal consolidation and structural budget reform would alsoSupport the ratings.

Government flays Fitch rating action, defends banks are fullycapitalizedHitting out at global rating agencies for lowering credit outlookof Indian banks, the government has said that these entitiesare fully capitalized and there is no cause of worry. Crisisof capital in the Indian banking system is highly over-rated.The government of India is fully behind public sector banks,whatever rating agencies may say. Public sector banks arefully capitalized, they shall Sufficiently capitalized during thisyear also. So there is no cause of worry. The government hasproposed to Infuse Rs 15,500 crore in the public sector banksduring, the current fiscal to enhance their financial strength.Infect Fitch has recently revised downward credit ratingoutlook of 12 financial agencies, including State Bank of India(SBI), ICICI bank, Punjab National Bank (PNB). Fitchs ratingaction comes within days of it lowering the credit outlook ofthe India from stable to negative. The list of downgraded

entities include six PSUs and two private banks. These includeBank of Baroda (BOB) and its overseas subsidiary Bank ofBaroda (New Zealand), Canara Bank IDBI Bank and Axis Bank.Others to be affected by the rating action include Export-Import Bank of India, Hudco, IDFC and Indian Railway FinanceCorporation. Unimpressed with the rating observation, thefinancial services secretary has said that it is absolutelyabsurd for anybody to de-rate Indian institutions which arein better shape compared to their global counterparts.

Reserve bank of India leaves interest rates unchangedRBI (eaves interest rates unchanged

Mumbai: The Reserve Bank of India left interest rates and thecash reserve ratio for banks unchanged in its policydeclaration in June 2012, defying widespread expectationsfor a rate cut as it warned that doing so could worsen inflation.The Reserve Bank of India kept its policy repo rate unchangedat 8 percent and left the cash reserve ratio for banks at 4.75percent. Economists polled by Reuters had forecast a ratecut, most likely of 25 basis points, while some governmentofficials had also been calling for a rate cut.

Stop prepayment penalty on home Loans, RBI to coop banksThe Reserve Bank has recently directed state and central co-operative banks to stop levying penalty on pre-payment ofhome loans on floating interest rates with immediate effect. Ithas been decided that banks will not be permitted to chargeforeclosure charges /pre-payment penalties on home loanson the floating interest rate basis with immediate effect. Earlierthis month, RBI had also asked the commercial banks to stopcharging such penalties.RBI said that the removal of foreclosure charges or pre-payment penalty on home loans will lead to reduction in thediscrimination between existing and new borrowers andcompetition among banks will result in finer pricing of thefloating rate home loans. Though many banks have in therecent past voluntarily abolished pre-payment 1penalties onfloating rate home loans, there is a need to ensure uniformityacross the banking system. RBI in its monitory policy for2012-13 had proposed that banks should not be permitted tolevy such charges with a view to bring uniformity across thebanking system in the home loan segment. The committee onCustomer Services in Banks under M Damodaran hadexpressed that foreclosure of charges levied by banks onprepayment of home loans was resented upon by home loanborrowers and the banks were hesitant in passing on thebenefit of lower interest rates to existing borrowers in a fallinginterest rate scenario. As such foreclosure charges are seenas a restrictive practice deterring the borrowers from switchingover to cheaper available source.


COMPETITIVE ZEAL

RBI asks RRBs, coop banks to frame policy on unclaimedaccountsThe Reserve Bank has recently asked cooperative andregional rural banks to frame policies to locate customerswith unclaimed deposits or inoperative accounts. RBI said ina circular that state and central cooperative banks or regionalrural banks are advised to put in place a board-approvedpolicy on classification of unclaimed deposits, grievanceredressal mechanism for quick resolution of complaints,record keeping, and periodic review of such accounts,RBI has given detailed instructions to these banks to dealwith unclaimed deposits or inoperative accounts and hasadvised them to find the whereabouts of the customers ortheir legal heirs.The central bank has also asked them for an annual review ofsuch accounts. levy no charge for activation of inoperativeaccounts after due diligence.In order to identify owners of such accounts with duediligence of KYC (know your customer) norms, RBI has alsoasked them to display list of unclaimed deposits or inoperativeaccounts which were inactive or inoperative for ten years ormore on their websites by June 30, 2012. The first periodicreview of unclaimed deposits or inoperative accounts shouldbe put up to their respective banks boards by September 30,2012, RBI said.

Indian economy to grow at 6.9 percent in 2012-13: WorldBankThe Indian economy will grow by 6.9 percent in this financialyear (2012-13) notwithstanding problems like policyuncertainties, fiscal deficit and inflation, the World Bankprojected in its recent report Global Economic Prospects,while cautioning that developing nations will have to facetougher times. India will see growth (measured at factor cost)increasing to 6.9, 7.2 and 7.4 percent in fiscal years 2012-13,2013-14 and 2014-15, respectively, the World Bank has alsosaid in the report. Referring to developments in 2010-11, themulti lateral lending agency has said that growth in India wasparticularly weak due to monetary policy, stalled reforms andelectricity shortages. These factors, along with fiscal andinflation concerns, cut into investment activity. Indiaseconomic growth rate in 2011-12 slipped to a nine-year low of6.5 percent. The economy had expanded by 8.4 percent in thepreceding two years.For the current fiscal the government has pegged growth at

7.6 percent. Considering global uncertainties and domesticwoes, this growth rate could be tall order for the country.Growth in South Asia slowed to 7.1 percent in 2011, from 8.6percent in 2010, as headwinds from the Euro Area crisiscaused a steep deceleration in exports and a reversal ofportfolio inflows the report says. Meanwhile, the globaleconomy is expected to expand 2.5 percent this year.According to the World Bank developing nations shouldprepare for a long period of volatility in the global economyby re-emphasizing on medium term development strategies.Developing county growth will slow to a relatively weak 5.3percent in 2012, before strengthening somewhat to 5.9 percentin 201 3 and six per cent in 2014, has also said.

No-frills accounts rise over two-fold in last 2 yearsThe number of no Frills or zero balance account holders morethan doubled to 103.21 million in the year to March 31, 2012from 49.33 million in March 2010, RBI has said in its financialinclusion update. During March 2010-March 2012, totalnumber of banking outlets grew to 1, 47,534 from 54,258Outlets, the Reserve Bank said in the update on financialinclusion. The Reserve Bank (RBI) has launched the financialinclusion programme to provide financial services to peoplein banked areas. RBIs approach to financial inclusion is aimedat connecting people with the mainstream financialinstitutions like banks, the apex bank said. Goal of financialinclusion is better served through mainstream bankinginstitutions as only they have the ability to offer the Suite ofproducts required to bring in effective meaningful financialinclusion. The number of Business correspondents (BCs),who carry out banking operations on behalf of banksincreased to 96,828 From 33,042. The number of hank branchesopened through banking outlets rose to 24,701 in FY12 from21,475 while number of banking Outlets opened through BCsrose significantly to 1,20,355 in FY 12, from 32,G84 in FY 10.Meanwhile, as many as 2.478 banking) Outlets were openedthrough other modes from just 99 outlets two years ago.During the period, total of 3,171 rural branches were opened.For effective dissemination of financial services, RBI hasallowed technology partners such as mobile companies topartner with banks in offering the services collaboratively.Also, it has permitted banks to freely open branches in tier 2to tier 6 centers, have mandated banks to open 25 per cent ofall new branches in unbaked rural centers and has relaxedknow your customer (KYC) norms for opening small bankaccounts.

Facts are facts and will not disappear on account of your likes. Jawahar Lal Nehru


COMPETITIVE ZEAL

Decentralization means the establishment of various unit ofthe same industry at different places. Large scale Organizationor Industry cannot be run at one particular place or territory. Inorder to increase the efficiency of the industry, various units atdifferent places are located. Laissez Faire: It is a French word meaning non

interference. This doctrine was popularized by classicaleconomists who gave the view that government shouldinterface as little as possible in the economic activities ofthe individuals.

Buoyancy: When the government fails to check inflation.It raises Income Tax and the Corporate Tax. Such a tax iscalled buoyancy. It concerns with the revenue from taxationin the period of inflation.

Cheap Money: It refers to that money which is madeavailable to the borrowers at a low rate of interest. Itaccelerates the process of credit expansion by the banks.It is used as a measure to combat depression and revivethe economy.

Diversification: It refers to the situation is which a firmstarts production of a new product without giving up theproduction of previous products. It is done with a view togrow faster and earn greater profit.

Greshams Law: When bad money drives out goodmoney from circulation. This statement was given by SirThomas Gresham, the economic advisor of queen Elizabeth.This law states that people always want to hoard goodmoney and spend bad money when two forms of moneyare in circulation at the same time.

GEM: (Gender Empowerment Measure) is a compositeindex measuring gender inequality in three basic dimensionof empowerment economic, participation and decisionmaking, political participation and decision making andpower over economic resources.

Cost Push Inflation: It arise due to increase in theproduction cost. Such type of inflation is caused by threefactors. (1) An increase in wages, (2) An increase in theproject margin, (3) Imposition of heavy taxation.

Dear Money: Dear money is that money which can onlythe borrowed at a light rate of Interest. In dear moneypolicy bank rate and other rate of interest are light and asa result borrowing becomes expensive. Dear money policyis a deliberate policy which is adopted by the monetaryauthorities to check inflation in the economy.

Death Duty: It is a direct tax which is imposed on theestate of deceased person. Death duly or death tax is aform of personal tax on property which is levied whenproperty passes from one person to other at the time of

COMMONLY USED TERMS

death of the former. Credit Squeeze: Monetary Authorities restrict credit as

and when required. This credit restriction is called creditsqueeze. Monetary Authorities adopt the policy of creditsqueeze to control inflationary pressure in the economy.

PQLI: PQLI is known as physical quality of life Index whichis used to assess the level of social development. Thisindex was developed by Jim Grant. PQLI is calculated byusing indices of (1) Adult Literacy Rate (2) IMR (3) LifeExpectancy.

Ad-Valorem Tax: Ad-valorem tax is a kind of Indirect Taxin which goods are taxed by their values. In the case of ad valorem tax, the tax amount is calculated as the proportionof the prices of the goods. VAT is an Ad -Valorem Tax.

Autarchy: if a country is self sufficient, it doesnt requirethe imports for the country. Autarchy is an indicator of selfsufficiency. It means that the country itself can satisfy theneeds of its population without making Imports from othercountries.

Marxism: is the name given to socio-economic theoriesput forward by Kar l Marx, a German born Jew and hisfriend Friedrich Engels. According to them, feudalism isdethroned by capitalism. In turn capitalism yields place tosocialism and a classless society. They held that changesin the social order are caused by technical and economicprogress, because the poor are always trying to improvetheir lot. They favored state ownership of land, industry,banking, transport and other means of production.

May Day: the day of workers of the world celebratedthroughout the world on the 1st May every year with theslogan Workers of the World, Unite.

A mid-term poll: is an election held out of schedule as aresult of the dissolution of a state legislature before it hasbeen in existence for its normal span of life.

Mixed Economy: is that system of economic planningunder which both private as well as public sectors areafforded adequate opportunities of self-growth within theirrespective spheres.

Monrce Doetri: A principle of American policy decliningany European in entervention in political affairs of theAmerican continent, outlined by President Monroe in 1823.

Motel: is type of a hotel built for touring motorists. Itprovides individual al self-contained sleeping quarters withbath, toilet facilities and garage, the meals being generallyobtainable at a nearby restaurant.

Naxalites: The term has come into use recently to describe


COMPETITIVE ZEAL

radical communists who believe in the type of revolutionpreached by Mao Tse-Tung of China.

Need-based Wages: means wages determined so as to coverthe basic needs Need-based of wage-earners asdistinguished from wages determined having regard purelyto availability of labour productivity and profitability.

Net Aid: The term foreign aid is used to describe goods,services or money made available by one country to anotheron non-commercial terms. Out of such aid the recipientcountries have to pay interest on loans obtained in thepast and other debt-servicing charges. The balance offoreign aid left in hand for actual utilization after suchcharges have been defrayed is referred to as net aid.

NON-aggression Pact: an agreement between countriesnot to wage war with each other in case of any aggressionfrom outside

Nuclear Umbrella:- means protection or guarantee ofprotection against nuclear attack.

Open-door Policy: the policy according to which tradewith a country should be open on equal terms to all nations.

Open University: differs from the regular university in thatentry into the former is open o everyone whether or not hehas had any formal education. Indias Education Ministryrecently set up a working group to consider the feasibilityof establishing an open university in this country. Such auniversity will provide opportunities for under graduateand post graduate education to all who were preventedfrom finishing their formal schooling.

Ordinance: a measure promulgated by the head of a Statein his own authority of to meet an emergency.

Pentagon: Government offices in Washington (thelargest in the world), housing many thousands ofmilitary and civilian workers in the War Department ofthe United States (Army, Navy and Air Force).

Plebiscite: direct vote by all electors of a state on acontroversial question.

Police State: when citizens of a particular state aredeprived of the basic civil liberties like freedom ofthought, expression and belief, they are said to be livingin a police state.

Poverty line: is to be found at the level of income atwhich a person or a family can barely subsist. Anyonehaving an income below that level is said to be belowpoverty line.

Power Politics: In the game of power politics, theplayers sole aim becomes acquisition of power to theexclusion of every other object e.g., the welfare of themasses, the good of the country etc. Every move oftheirs is inspired by a desire to capture power somehow.

Preamble: Preliminary or introductory part of theConstitution of a country embodies a brief statementof the need and advisability having a particularconstitutional law passed.

Preference share: are shares which are entitled to afixed dividend before any distribution of profits can bemade amongst the holders of ordinary shares.

Preventive detention: an act providing measures by whichan undesirable person may be without trial.

Price Index: A figure which discloses the relative changeif any of prices, cost or some similar phenomena betweenone period of time and some other period of time selectedas the base year is called index number. The base year orperiod is assigned the index number of 100. If a comparisonis drawn between the cost of living of-one period with thatof another, the resultant, figure will represent the cost ofliving index number. If it represents the wholesale or retailprices, the index number obtained will be so designated.

Previlege Motion: is a motion moved by an M.L.A. or anM.P. as the case may be, if he feels that a Minister hascommitted a breach of privilege of the House bywithholding the facts of a case or by giving a distortedversion of facts etc.

Privy Purses: These were certain privileges and annualpayments granted by the Indian Government to Rulers(hereditary monarchs or Princes) of states in India beforeindependence. These Princes had agreed to surrender theirstates to the Indian Union in return for Privy Purses. Therewere nearly 280 former princes receiving Privy Pursesranging between Rs. 5 lakhs to Rs. 26 lakhs per annum.These Privy Purses and Privileges have been abolishedvide the Constitution (26th Amendment) Act, 1971.

Prize Court: is a court which adjudicates upon ships orgoods captured by one of the parties to a war in the courseof the fighting. The prize court can either release orcondemn the prize. In the latter case, the property isvested in the captor thereof.

Prohibition: a measure barring the sale and consumptionof alcoholic drinks.

Proportional Representation: in the context of electing aPresident of India is the system under which a college ofvoters represents the wider base of the electorate, eachmember of the college commanding a number of votes inproportion to the number of electors he represents.

Protocol: the first draft of a diplomatic document usedespecially in treaties and agreements before their definitivesignature.

Public Debt: The money which is invested with thegovernment of a country by her people in the shape ofdifferent funds, it is a government funded debt.


COMPETITIVE ZEAL

Public Sector: All undertakings financed and controlledby the Government.

Quarantine: period of isolation imposed on travelers orships etc. which may possibly become a source ofspreading contagious or infectious disease.

Quorum: minimum essential of members to be present inorder to constitute a house to transact proceedings.

Red Tapes: official formality or routing delay or obstruction. Referendum: When there is a controversial question

requiring opinion of the general messes, that question isput to vote for deciding the opinion of the people.

Repatriation: to restore or return to the native land.(Generally used in the case of prisoners of war)

Republic; a political community which is not governed byany king and the -supreme authority is vested m therepresentatives elected by the people.

Secular State: state which treats alike all communitiesinhabiting its territory an in-which all citizens have equalrights without distinction of caste, creed, sex and race.

Sine die: postponed without a day appointed orindefinitely.

Sjt down strike: is a form of strike in which workers do notabsent themselves from work but do nothing and sit idle.It is also called pen-down strike.

Socialistic Pattern of society: even distribution ofeconomic power or reduction of inequalities m income andwealth in a country. The resolution for a Socialistic Patternof Society was adopted at the Avadi Session of the IndianNational Congress.

Stars and Stripes: it signifies U.S.A,s flag showing 13stripes and stars equal to the number of states in the U.S.A.

Time Capsule: The term has been used to describe metalliccylinders filled with memorabilia and buried deep in theearth so that after a few thousand years, if somebodydiscovers such a capsule, he should be reminded of whatlife and times were like when the time capsule had beeninitially buried.

Trade Mark: a distinctive mark or sign, or, a name given toa product which is register in order to safeguard themanufacturers rights. Trade mark cannot be copied byanyone under the law.

Universal Suffirage: right of vote for all withoutdistinction of caste, creed, religion, se-place of birth.

Yeto: right of the executive head to refuse to approve any

legislation. War Crimes: The victorious allies in the second world

war viz, the Soviet won, the S.A, Britain and France hadsigned on August 8, 1945 an agreement setting up anInternational Military Tribunal to try major war criminalsamong Axis prisoners. The charter setting out thejurisdiction and functions of the Tribunal set out offencesfor which an individual could be considered responsible.Among these offences were murder, extermination,enslavements, deportation and other inhuman actscommitted against any civilian population before or duringthe war or persecution on a political racial or religious basis,whether or not in violation of domestic laws. It was agreedthat the plea of having acted on orders from superiorscould only be treated as an extenuating circumstance butnot as a complete defense.

Wealth Tax: It is a tax levied on wealth possessed by anindividual or by a Hindu Undivided Family in excess ofcertain prescribed limits. The object is to keep evendistribution of wealth in society.

Whip: (in the legislature) an M.P. responsible to his partyfor the organization of the members to carry the, votethrough.

White Flag: a sign of surrender in a battle by any of theopposing armies.

Womens Liberation Movement: or Womens Lib is amovement which has originated in the U.S.A. as a revoltagainst what is referred to as male chauvinism or the mythof male superiority in any and every sphere of humanactivity.

Yellow Journalism: Any newspaper giving sensationalnews or features with lavish use of pictures or pseudoscientific articles is said to be divulging in yellowjournalism.

Yoga: literally means union (or in unison with the divinespirit) a Hindu Discipline which teaches a technique offreeing the mind from attachment to the senses, so thatonce freed the soul may become fused with universal spirit(Atman or Brahman) which is its goal.

Young Turks: youthful dissidents and hardliners in a partyare sometimes referrers to as Young Turks.

Zero Net Aid: means a stage where a country becomesself-reliant so that it does no need any foreign aid, orreaches a situation where the foreign aid it receives justcovers its liabilities and no part of such aid actually comesinto play in its economy.

The memories of tomorrow depend on your attitude today . Dave Weinbaum


COMPETITIVE ZEAL

1. The missile defence shield developed by ___________can destroy an incoming ballistic missile with a range of2000 kms.

2. ________ is the Capital of Myanmar.

3. ___________ is celebrated as World Press Freedom Day.

4. A variety of ancient artifacts have been discovered recentlyin the village ________ of Tamil Nadu.

5. GSPA stands for ______________.

6. ___________ has announced its plan to setup 1000 ATMs.

7. Worlds top milk producer is ____________.

8. ____________ Central Public Enterprises have been givenMaharatna Status.

9. SIM stands for _________.

10. CRAR stands for ____________.

11. _________ is the Parliament of Maldives.

12. _________ is the most intelligent and deadliest commandoforce of U.S.A that killed Osama.

13. _________ is a Railway Magazine.

14. ___________ is the highest battle field of the world.

15. ________ is the new name of West Bengal.

16. _________ is known as Mozart of Madras.

17. Grammy Awards are given in the field of ___________.

18. _________ International Women day was celebrated on8th March 2012.

19. _________ was the Chief Guest at Republic Day.

20. Recently Railways has launched _______ to trackmovements of trains.

21. _________ is the writer of the famous short story TobhaTek Singh.

22. ___________ State has signed a MOU with MizuhoCorporate Bank, Japan to attack investment from JapaneseCompanies.

23. ___________ is the flagship employment generationprogramme of Government of India.

24. Govt. has decided to amend the ________ to provide forlife time royalty to song writers, artistes and performers fortheir work.

25. ________ is the currency of Myanmar.

26. ___________ is the tallest residential building of the world.

27. ____________ is the Obese capital of the world as half of

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE an exerciseits population is considered fat.

28. __________ addressed the first Parliament on May 13,1952.

29. China has recently allowed import of _________ from India.

30. __________ is the Head quarter of International Court ofJustice.

31. In ________ Indian banks have opened largest number ofbranches.

32. SHADE stands for ____________.

33. _________ is the organization which issues Aadhar cards.

34. Dhanbad express Train, introduced in October, 2011 isIndias first __________.

35. International Kite Flying Festival was recently held in____________.

36. __________ is a para-military force to guard the frontiersin peace time and assist the Govt. in the maintenance ofinternal security.

37. The branch of science that deals with tumours is known as__________.

38. ____________ is the study of Epidemic diseases.

39. The science dealing with life or possibility of life existingbeyond the earth is called__________.

40. The shape of earth is _________.

41. The first Governor General of Free India was ___________.

42. Article 370 of Indian Constitution is related to __________.

43. _____________ is the minimum age required for an Indiancitizen to become a member of Lok Sabha.

44. Indian Constitution abolishes ___________ in every from.

45. ___________ was the first and the last Indian to be theGovernor General of India.

46. ___________ was the first Indian Commander in Chief ofIndia.

47. _________ is called the father of Indian Renaissance.

48. India celebrates National Science Day on _________ tocommemorate the day on which Sir CV. Raman discoveredthe Raman Effect a phenomenon is spectroscopy in1928.

49. 15th world Sanskrit Conference was held in _________ on5th January 2012.

50. ___________ is the official slogan of the London Olympics.


COMPETITIVE ZEAL

Current General Knowledge1. SARFESI act related with.2. SDR is a term related with.3. The Annual world economic summit on India will be

held in.4. The 11th Pravasi Bhartiya Divas will be held at.5. Rajiv Gandhi National Sadbhavana Puraskar 2012.6. Who has won the International title of Miss Asia pacific

2012.7. Highest Authority in India for Indirect Taxes.8. World blood donor day observed on.9. Moodys is a credit Rating agency from which

country.10. Jet Airways tied up with which Bank & launched credit

cards.11. Syed Nasim Ahmed Zaidi Appointed as the new.12. Which company bagged UN award for world business

development.13. Venue of the Non Aligned Movement (NAM) Summit

2012.14. The 14th International Braille chess association chess

Olympiad 2012.15. PMEAC pegged Indias growth at what % in the year

2012-13.

16. New wise president of Rajya Sabha.17. Who in the new head of Khel Ratna awards committee.18. Parimarjan Negi in a famous player of which game.19. What in the percentage share capital of the sponsored

bank in its own gramin bank.20. Senkaku Islands became the bone of contention

between.21. Fourth International junior shotgun cup held at.22. What is Lakshya 1.23. What is the Rank of Sonia Gandhi in forbes list.24. In the context with Agriculture 2012 is being launched

as the year of.25. Who among the following has won the best actor award

in the 59th National Film Award.26. Which committee is related with Railway Modernization.27. Saina Nehwal begged the Bronze after which Chinese

opponent conceded the match due to knee injury.28. RBI has recently revamped the FAIR PRACTICES CODE

for which of the following companies.29. Who is appointed as the new chairman of CBDT.30. Which company was the sponsor of Indian contingent

in London Olympics 2012.

1. NPAS2. IMF3. Gurgaon4. Cochin5. D. R. Metha6. Hinangini Singh7. CBEC (Central

Board of Exise &customs)

8. 14 June9. USA10. HDFC11. E l e c t i o n

Commissioner12. ITC13. Tehran (Iran)14. Chennai15. 6.7%16. PJ Kurean

Answer for Current GeneralKnowledge

17. RajyawardhanSingh Rathore

18. Chess19. 35%20. China & Japan21. Finland22. Pilotless Aircarft23. 6st

24. Horticulture25. Girish Kulkarni26. Sam Pitroda

Committee27. Xin Wang28. None Banking

F i n a n c i a lCompanies

29. Poonam KishoreSaxena

30. Samsung

1. DRDO2. Naypydaw3. 3rd May4. Kodumanal Distt.

Erode5. Gas Sale

PurchaseAgreement

6. Department ofPost

7. India8. 59. Subscriber

Identity Modules10. Capital to Risk

Weighted AssetsRatio

11. Majlis12. SEAL-Team 613. Rail Bandhu14. Saichen

ANSWER FOR TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

15. Paschim Banga16. A R Rehman17. Music18. 100th19. Ms Yingluck

Shinawatera, PMof Thailand

20. Simran Project21. Sadat Hassan

Manto22. Karnatka23. MGNREGS24. Copyright Act25. Myanma Kyat26. Princess Tower,

Dubai27. Qatar28. Dr. Rajinder Prasad29. Basmati Rice30. Hague, Netherland31. U.K.

32. Shared Awarenessand Deconfliction

33. UIDAI34. Double Decker Train35. Ahmadabad, Gujarat36. Border Security

Force37. Oncology38. Epidemiology39. Exbiology40. An Oblate Spheroid41. Lord Mountbatten42. Jammu & Kashmir43. 25 Years44. Untouchability45. C. Rajgopalachari46. General Cariappa47. Raja Ram Mohan Rai48. 28th February49. New Delhi50 Inspire a Generation


COMPETITIVE ZEAL

History of India Satyashodhak Samaj was founded by Jyoti Rao Phule in

1873 AD The prominent leaders who were associated with the

formation of the swaraj party in 1923 included Deshbandhu Chittranjan Daas and Motilal Nehru

Which year is associated with Kheda Satyagraha ofMahatma Gandhi Year 1918

Gandhi ji recorded his initial thoughts in 1909 in HindSwaraj

The most well known and greatest of all Kushan Kingwas Kanishk

Ashoka the Great pronounces his policy of equal respectto all religious sects more clearly in Rock Edict XII

The period of early harrapan phase is 3500-2600 BC Defence of India regulation act was passed in The year

1915 Who founded servants of India society in the year 1905

Gopal Krishna Gokhle At independence in 1947 British India had Seventeen

Provinces In 1829 which important event took place - Lord William

Bentick abolished Sati Practice The series of plans formulated between 1914 and 1917 to

initiate a pan indian rebillion against the British raj duringworld war 1 came to be known as Hindu GermanConspiracy

Indian Polity and Constitution In the table of the precedence , the Governor Occupies

Forth Position The Preamble to the constitution of India proclaims India

as A Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic The Union Minister India are appointed by The

President on the basis of the advice of the Prime Minister The constituent assembly of India held its first meeting

on December 19, 1946 Which amendment of the constitution made it mandatory

for the president to accept the advice given by council ofministers 42nd Amendment 1976

Which constitutional authority is responsible forconstituting the Finance Commission President of India

To whom should a notice is writing be given for raising ahalf an hour discussion in an house of parliament Secretary General of the house

SSC COMPENDIUM The constitutional article that defined the scheduled cast

and scheduled tribes Article 341 & 342 respectively From which the Indian constitution borrow the doctrine

of Judicial review USA Which amendment to the constitution deals with the

recognisation of states 7th constitutional amendmentact 1956

For a no confidence to be introduced in the Lok Sabha itmust have the support of at least 50 Members

The provision of Vote on Account has been mentioned in Article 116

Geography The Total forest area in India 678333 sq.km. (20.64%) Coal Mines in Jharkhand are located in Jharia Ozone Layer protects the earths surface from High

Energy Radiations Kaveri is the longest river of Tamilnadu Which State in India has the largest % of its geographical

area under forest cover Mizoram Tehri Dam is located on which River Bhagirathi Sea Cost of which state is the longest Andhra Pradesh Sardar Sarovar Dam is located on which River Narmada The cities situated on the banks of the Cauvery are

Thiruchirapalli & Erode Pochampat irrigation project lies on The Godavari River India s First Marine National Park is located in The Gulf

of Mannar Singreni Coal Fields is located in Godavari Valley

Indian Economy The Planning Commission of India is An advisory body

gives advice to the Government. Central Statistical Office (CSO) New Base Rate 1993-94 Production Function explains the relationship between

Initial Inputs & Ultimate Outputs An instrument of qualitative credit control in India is

Credit Rationing Laissez Faire is a feature of Capitalism The Central Nodal Agency for implementing the price

support operations for commercial crops NAFED(National Agricultural Co-operative Marketing Federationof India Limited)

The Growth Rate of Indian Economy during 2011-12 was 6.9%


COMPETITIVE ZEAL

Which State is the largest producer of Soya Bean in India Madhya Pradesh

Which are the two Nations , Indias largest trading partners, 1st & 2nd Respectively UAE & China

Aam Aadmi Bima Yojna (AABY) was launched in whichyear 2007

Maximum Share in Indias total external debt is of whichcurrency US Dollar

Which Service recently (2011) celebrated the GoldenJubilee Indian Economic Service (Launched in 1961)

Science & Technology The Value of acceleration due to gravity is - Minimum at

equator & Maximum at Poles The ideal fluid which is hypothetical fluid should contain

Zero viscosity & Zero Compressibility A molecule is a smallest part of matter which possesses

all properties of all matter. A molecule is electrically Neutral

The Principal is used by bats SONAR (Sound Navigation& Ranging)

Full Form of LASER Light Amplification by StimulatedEmission of Radiation

The focal length of a concave lens is - Negative Ohm is a unit of measuring Resistance Graphite , Carbon & Diamonds are Allotropes Bleaching Powder is a Compound of - Calcium Sodium Alkyl Sulphate and Benzene Sulphate are examples

of Synthetic Detergents Cobalt Oxide is used to impart which color to glass Blue Calcium Magnesium Silicate is commonly called as

Asbestos

Sports International Olympics Committee Headquarters

Lausanne (Switzerland) Stanley Cup is associated with Ice Hockey Who made Fastest Hundred in 20-20 Cricket -Richard

Levi ( South Africa ) Who won French Open Mens Single in 2012 Rafel Nadal

( Spain ) Saara Irrani was defeated in finals by which Russian Player

in French Open 2012 Maria Sharapova Winter youth Olympics 2016 will be held in Lillehammer

(Norway) FIFA World Cup 2022 will be held in Qatar World athletic championship 2017 will be held in London

Asia cup Hockey 2013 will be held in Malaysia New President of ICC (International Cricket Council)

Allan Issac (New Zealand) Who won Chinese Grand Prix in 2012 Nico Roseberg

(Germany) Bula Chaudhary is related with which Sport Swimming

Miscellaneous It has been observed that astronauts lose substantial

quality of calcium through urine during space flight , Thisis due to Microgravity

If we sprinkle common salt on an earthworm , it die due to osmotic shock

Cutting and peeling of onions brings tears to the eyesbecause of the presence of Sulphur in the cell

The cat can survive fall from height much more than humanor any other animal. It is because the cat Has elasticBones

The Largest exporter of Rice in the world Thailand The distribution of fertilizers by aircraft is widely practiced

in New Zealand The material used for electrical fuse is an alloy of tin and

lead. This alloy should have High specific resistanceand low melting point

The idea of establishing Insurance Regulation Authoritywas suggested by Malhotra Committee

National Institute of Ocean Technology Chennai The oil and natural gas commission of India was set up in

1956 The first Indian women to reach south pole Reena

Kaushal SIMBEX is the Naval Exercise between India &

Singapore The human organs which is responsible for detoxication

of alcohol is Liver Angstorm is the unit for measuring the wavelength of

Light Renewable energy can be obtained from Biomass Largest flower in the world Rafflesia The opening up of direct communication between the two

countries is called Hot Line International Merlin Awards related with Music Heavy Water is used in Nuclear Power The original name of Mahabharatha Jai Samitha


COMPETITIVE ZEAL

Current Banking Awareness1. Which Bank of India has recently announced formation

of an Indias Mortgage Guarantee Company, Indias firstMortgage Gurantee Entity National Housing Bank

2. Which banking giant of England was recently making newsin context with the LIBOR interest rate scandal Barclays

3. Interest payble on saving bank accounts in India NotRegulated

4. Locker Plaza Scheme is related with which bank CanaraBank

5. Maximum FDI in private banks in India is allowed uptothe limit of 74%

6. Which account requires either nil minimum balance or verylow mimimum balance No Frills Account

7. The First Indian Bank to open a branch in Saudi Arabia State Bnak of India

8. Full Form of WLA White Label Automated TellerMachines

9. Central Bank of India launched a special scheme CENTVAYUSHAKTI for promoting Defence Salary Package

10. Outsourced ATM services by banks in which the ATMname under a brand sponsored bank but ATM machinenot owned by the bank Brown ATMs

11. A Service in which ATM not owned by the banks but byprivate ATM service providers White ATMs.

12. A bank offers a low introductry rate in the beginning on ahome loan which increases after a certain period and higherthan the normal rate Teasers Rate

13. The banking company has restrictions to sanction a loanto Director of the Bank

14. Banking Ombudsman Scheme is applicable to the Businessof All scheduled commercial banks including RRBs.

15. What is the full form of DICGC Deposit Insurance &Credit Gurantee Corporation

16. What is the full form of SWIFT Society for worldwideinterbank financial telecommunication

17. A person had filled a complaint with Banking Ombudsmanbut is not satisfied with the decision . What is the nextoption before him for getting his matter resolved File anappeal before the Banking Ombudsman again

18. In which circumstance Dear Money policy will be adoptedby RBI Inflation.

19. The opportunity to buy an asset at a low price thenimmediately selling it on a different market for a higherprice Arbitrage.

20. A scheme enables an expeditious and inexpensive forum

to bank customers to resolution of complaints relating tocertain services rendered by banks Banking OmbudsmanScheme

21. Name of the capital in which the money is provided by anoutside investor to finance a new , growing or troubledBusiness Venture Capital

22. Who decides the quantity of coins to be minted TheGOI on the basis of indents received from the RBI .

23. Availability of cheap credits through appropriatelydesigned loans for poor and low income households andsmall enterpreneurs Financial Inclusion

24. RBIs Long Term outlook on Interest Rate Bank Rate25. In Banking Terminology what does write off means Bad

and Uncollectable Loans26. A Bank normally doest have to deal with an issue related

to Intellectual Property Rights27. YH Malegam committee related to Micro Finance

Institution28. Who is the head of the committee related with Customer

Services in Banks M Damodaran29. How much percentage of new banks should be there in

unbanked rural areas with population not more than 9999as per RBI 25%

30. Name the Banking System where no interest is being takenor given Islamic Banking


COMPETITIVE ZEAL

FCI SPECIALAPPOINTMENTS

Indias Governor on the board of Governors of the African development bank P.ChidambaramAttorney General of India Goolam e vahanvatiMinister of Science and Technology (India) Vayalar raviChief Economist and senior vice President of World Bank Kaushik basuDirector General of Assam rifles Ranbir singhUN Deputy Secretary General Jan EliassonPresident of international cricket council Alan isaacChairman of SAIL C.S. vermaRevenue Secretary of Central Govt. Sumit boseUnion commerce secretary S R RraoChief justice of India Altamas kabirChief selector in the national selection committee of the BCCI Roger binnyChief of BCCI Senior Selection Committee Sandeep patilIndian Envoy to Canada Nirmal verma (former navy chief)Defence Minister of China General liang GuanglieNorway Cultural Minister Hadia TajikPresident of India Pranab mukherjeePresident of Mexico Enrique pena nie nietoPresident of Yemen Abd-rabbuh mansour hadePrime Minister of Yemen Mohammed basindwaSupreme leader of North Korea Kim jong unPresident of Germany Joachim gauckPresident of Galawi Joyce bandaPrime Minister of greece Antonis samarasFinance Minister of Greece Yannis stournarasPresident of Guyana Donald ramotarPresident of Nigeria Goodluck jonathanPresident of Russia Vladimir putinPrime minister of Russia Dmitry medvedevPresident of Albania Bujar nishaniPresident of Saiwan Ma ying jeouPresident of Syria Bashar al assadPresident of France Francois hollandePrime minister of France Jean maec ayraultPresident of Serbia Tomislav nikolicPresident of Egypt Mohammed mursiPrime minister of Egypt Hesham qandilPresident of Maldives Waheed hassanPresident of Iraq Jalal talabaniPrime minister of Iraq Nouri al-malikiPrime minister of Greece Antonis samaras


COMPETITIVE ZEAL

President, democratic republic of Congo Joseph kabilaPrime minister of Pakistan Raja parvez ashrafCM of Karnataka Jagadish shettarCM of Uttar-pradesh Akhilesh yadavCM of Uttrakhand Vijay bahugunaCM of Manipur Okram ibobi singhCM of Goa Manohar parikarCM of Punjab Parkash singh badalController General of Accounts (CGA) Jawahar thakurChairman of Indian banks Association Alok MisraChief election commissioner of India V.S. SampathHome Minister of India Sushil Kumar ShindeSecretary of President of India Omita paulGovernor of Goa B V VanchooGovernor of Andhra Pradesh Esl NarasimhanGovernor of Maharashtra K SankaranarayanGovernor of Rajasthan Margaret AlvaElection Commissioner of India Syed Nasim Ahmed ZaidiDeputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha P.J. KurienNew Chief Economic Advisory in Finance Ministry Raghuram rajanChief of Indian Navy Wef Sept-1 D.K. JoshiChief of Indian Army Gen. Bikram SinghHead of African union commission Nkosazana Damini-ZumalIndian banks Association-Chairman M.d. mallyaSEBI Chairman U.k. sinhaPresident of Asian development bank (ADB) Haruhiko KurodaAsean Secretary-General Surin pitsuwanOpec Secretary General Abdalla salem el-badriChief prosecutor of internatonal criminal court Fatou bensoudaAttorney General of India Goolam e. vahanvatiCEO of international cricket council David richardsonChairman of cbdt Poonam kishore saxenaDirector of bhabha atomic research centre Shekhar basuJudge of Supreme Court Justice madan bhimarao lokurChairman of TRAI Rahul khullarBrand Ambassador of national sanitation compaign Vidya ballanJudge of international court of justice Justice dalveer bhandariCommunication Advisor in the Pmo Pankaj pachouriPresident of world Bank Jim yong kimUS ambassador to India Nancy j powellIndian ambassador to USA Nirupama raoPresident of Assocham Rajkumar dhoot


COMPETITIVE ZEAL

Vijaya Bank BangaloreUnited bank of India KolkattaUCO bank kolkattaPNB New delhiPunjab and Sind bank New delhiCorporation bank MangaloreOBC bank New delhiCanara bank BangaloreIndian bank ChennaiIndian overseas bank PhennaiBank of maharastra Pune

Bank of baroda VadodaraAndhra bank HyderabadAllahabad bank KolkattaSyndicate bank ManipalUnion bank of india MumbaiSIDBI (est. in 1990) LucknowNabard (est. in 1982) MumbaiEXIM (est. in 1982) MumbaiIDBI (est. in 1964) MumbaiNHB(est. in 1988) New-delhiWHO Newyork

Summit of Non-aligned movement Tehran (Iran)World Hindi Conference JohannesburgG-20 summit Los Cabos (Mexico) St. Petersburg (Russia)G-8 summit Camp David, Maryland (United States) United KingdomAsean summit Phnom Penh (Combodia)Brics summit New -Delhi South AfricaSAARCH summit Male (Maldives) NepalOPEC summit LibyaRio+20 summit Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)RIC Wuhan city of ChinaEcowas summit YamoussoukroCommonwealth summit Perth (Australia)-2011 Hambantota (Sri-lanka)

(it held after every two years)Asia-Europe (Asem) summit Brussels (Belgium)-2010 (this organisation

have no specific time for summit)World future Energy summit UAE7th Asia gas partnership summit New Delhi

UNESCO ParisICC (International Criminal Court) Hague

(Netherland)United Nations NewyorkICC (Cricket) DubaiIMF WashingtonWorld bank WashingtonCERN GenevaILO (International Labour Organization) GenevaWTO (World Trade Organization) Geneva

ORGANISATON HEAD QUARTER



NAME MEETING VENUE 2012 NEXT MEETING VENUE

Senior Vice President and Chief Economist of World Bank Kaushik Basu39th Chief Justice of India Altamas KabirChief Justice of Panjab and Haryana High Court A.K. SikriChief Justice of Madhya Pradesh Sharad Arvind BobdeNew Chief Sec. of West Bengal Sanjay MitraChair man of ICC Cricket Committee Anil KumblePresident of Venezuala Hugo ChavezPresident of International Cricket council Alan IssacUN Deputy Secretary General Jan EliassonUnion Minister of Science and Technology Vayalar RaviChief Selector in National Selection Committee of the BCCI Roger BinnyChairman of National Selection Committee of Cricket Sandeep PatilAttorney General of India Goolam E. JahanvatiPresident of Somalia Hassan Sheikh Mohammed


COMPETITIVE ZEAL

NAME MEETING VENUE 2012 NEXT MEETING VENUEShanghai cooperation organisation summit BeijingMini Pravasi Bhartiya Divas-2012 DubaiInternational Conference on Afghanistan TokyaInternationals Donors Conferenece TokyoIndia Celac foreign Ministers Meeting New DelhiWorld Economic summit Gurgaon (Haryana)World Eonomic forum Davos, SwitzerlandArab League summit BaghdadBoard of Governer of Asian Development bank IndiaOlympics London (2012) Rio di Janeiro (2016)Cricket World Cup (ODI) India (2011) Australia (2015)Cricket World Cup T-20 Srilanka Bangladesh (2014)Commonwealth Games New Delhi 2010 (India) Glasgow 2014 (Scotland)Football World Cup South Africa (2010) Brazil (2014)Russia (2018)Qatar (2022)Euro Cup-2012 Poland and UkraineU-19 Cricket World Cup AustraliaSultan Azlan Shah Cup MalaysiaNAM SUMMIT Tehtran(Iran)FICCI MumbaiIMFF World Bank Tokyo (Japan)T20-Mens World Cup SrilankaT20-Females World Cup SrilankaG-20 Summit 2015 Turkey

Lakshmi Sehgal Freedom fighter,an officer in the indian national army and a close associate of subhashchandra bose

Neil Armstrong American astonaut- first man to set foot upon the moon.Rajesh Khanna Famous fiilm star , first superstar of the bollywood.Dara Singh Wrestler turned actor. also known as Rustam-e-hind, Rustam-e-punjab, Ironman of indian

cinemaStephen R. Covey Famous writer. author of motivational books like the 7 habbits of highly Effective people,

First things first,the 8th habbit:from effectiveness to greatness,The speed of trust,the leaderin me.

Kartar Singh Duggal Famous punjabi writerWhitney houstan Singer actressA K Damadaran A noted scholar of foreign policy, writer and diplomatAkhlaq Mohd Khan Shaharyar Noted urdu poetO.P. Dutta Bollywood filmmakerBhupen hazarika Indian lyricist,poet,musician and film makerMehdi Hasan Pakistani ghazal singer. also known as kings of ghazals.

ORBITUARY


COMPETITIVE ZEAL

AWARDSDadasaheb Phalke Award-2011 (highest award in Indian cinema) Mr. Soumitra ChattrejeeSaraswati samman-2011 A.A. Manavalan (Irama Kathaiyun Iramayakulum)Saraswati samman-2010 S.L. Bhyrappa (Mundra)Jnanpith Awards winner-2010 Chandrashekhara Kambara (Kannada)Banker of the year-2011 M.D. MallyaBanker of the year-2010 Vikram panditSydney peace prize Julian AssangeMan booker prize-2011 Julian BarnesMan booker international prize-2011 Philip RothWorld food prize Daniel HillelTempleton prize-2012 Dalai LamaNational medal of arts and humanities award (USA) Amartya Sen21 Vyas samman Kalidas Samman Prof. Ramdarash Mishra CV ChandrashekherOscar Awards

Best Picture- The artistBest Actor- Jean dujardinBest Actress- Meryl StreepBest Director- Michel hazanavicius

59th National film awardsBest Film Deool (Marathi) & Byari (Byari)Best Actor Girish KulkarniBest Actress Vidya BalanBest Director Gurvinder Singh54th Grammy awardsRecord of the year Rolling in the deepSong of the year Rolling in the deepGrammy award Steve Jobs (posth)65th Bafta awardsBest film The artistBest actor Jean DujardinBest actress Meryl StreepBest director Michel HazanaviciusDSC prize for South Asia literature-2012 Sheham karunatilakaPulitzer prize- 2012 Philadelphia inquirer

Jagjit Singh Indian ghazal singer. also known as ghazal kingProf P N Dhar An eminent economistHiren bhattacharya Assamese poetVshok Mehta CinematographerJoy Mukherjee Hindi film actorVilasrao Deshmukh Union minister for science and TechnologyA.K. Hangal Hindi film actorNikhat Kazmi Film critic


COMPETITIVE ZEAL

AWARDSGermanys Order of Merit Sudhir kakkarRajiv Gandhi Khel Ratan Award-2012 Vijay kumar and Yogehswar duttRajiv Gandhi Khel Ratan Award-2011 Gagan narangWisden India Outstanding Achievement Award Sachin TendulkarSeoul Peace Prize-2012 Ban ki moonGandhi Peace Award -2011 Dr. Binayak and Balu imamNobel Prize in Physics 2012 Serge Haroche and David WinelandNobel Prize in Chemistry 2012 Robert Lefkowitz and Brian KolbikaNobel Prize in Medicine 2012 John Gurdan and Shinga YamanakaNobel Prize for Peace 2012 European UnionNobel Prize in Literature Mo Yon

Important History1. The Father of Ancient History is Herodotus2. Indus Valley Civilization is also known as Saraswati-

Sindhu Civilization and Harappan Civilization3. Atharva Veda deals with Music4. In Indus Valley

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