CZECH TECHNICAL UNIVERSITYProcessing Lines

Production of YoghurtBy Eray Göksu

TOC

• History• Some Facts about Yoghurt• Common Producers in Turkey• Types of Yoghurt• Stages and Processing Line• Some pictures & a short Movie

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History• Nobody knows when yoghurt was discovered

• Legend says the inventor was a shepherd

• Yoghurt itself may be the inventor

• The first appear in Europe: French King Francis the 1st was treated by an Ottoman Doctor

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Some Facts about Yoghurt (1/2)• Yoghurt is obtained by the fermantation of

milk

• Fermentation is triggered by Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus Thermophilus

• Lactose (milk sugar) is separated into glucose, galactose and lactic acid

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Some Facts about Yoghurt (2/2)

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Typical Milk from Cow's Whole Milk

Contents Values (%)

Water 87,0

Proteins 3,5

Lipids 3,9

Glucides 3,6

Organic Acids 1,2

Amount digested after 1 hour 91,0

Energy per 100g. 63 kcal / 270 kj

Turkey has the highest yoghurt consumption of the world with 24kg/person a year. (2nd highest Holland with 15 kg/person)

Common Producers in Turkey

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Establisment: 1974 / BursaCapacity: 1200 tons of milk/day

Establisment: 1963 / BursaCapacity: 1000 tons of milk/day

Establisment: 1964 / BalıkesirCapacity: 1500 tons of milk/day

Establisment: 1975 / İzmirCapacity: 1200 tons of milk/day

Types of Yoghurt (1/2)• Set Yoghurt:

– Incubated and cooled in the final package– Has a firm jelly-like structure

• Stirred Yoghurt:– Incubated in a tank– Coagulum broken by stirring prior to cooling and packing

• Drinking Yoghurt:– Similar to stirred yoghurt– Diluted and mixed with juices

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Types of Yoghurt (2/2)• Frozen Yoghurt:

– Requires a different recipe than set yoghurt– Freezing achieved by pumping through a freezer like in ice cream

• Concentrated Yoghurt:– Similar preparation to stirred yoghurt– Concentrated by boiling off some of the water under vacuum to

reduce temperature needed

• Flavoured Yoghurt:– Flavours usually added at or prior to filling into pots– Fruit or berries added as a puree or as whole fruit in a syrup

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Stages of Set & Stirred Yoghurt

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General Treatment

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Processing Line for Set Yoghurt

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Some Pictures from Sütaş

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Movie

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Thank you for your patience…

27/05/2008 14PL: Production of Yoghurt