Upload
noel-phelps
View
220
Download
2
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
DECON1©
RESPONSE PHASEDECONTAMINATION©
© 1997 Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corporation
DecontaminatiDecontaminationon
• Reduction of contamination
• Eliminating, or reducing, harmful effects
DECON2©
Any Method Based On Any Method Based On PrinciplesPrinciples
• Destroy agent through chemical change
• Remove agent
• Physically shield agent
DECON3©
Need for DeconNeed for Decon
• Except for decon of people, extensive decon not required for most chemical agent release scenarios
• Only liquid releases (including droplets and aerosols) pose
risk of significant environmental contamination
• Because agent in liquid form settles out of air relatively quickly, contamination generally confined to short distance from point of release
• Off-post contamination presents significant risk to public
only in event of very large liquid release in air—low probability of occurrence
DECON4©
Appendix L, CSEPP Planning Guidance
• Provides standards on how to plan for decon in
event of significant chemical agent release
• Addresses priorities and procedures for decon planning
DECON5©
Appendix L, CSEPP Planning Guidance
DECON6©
• Does not provide policy on specific identification of sites or areas that may require decon capability or provision of resources to those that do
• Those policies and guidelines may be affected by results of ongoing studies regarding liquid agent deposition
• Do it fast
• Do it rightDECON7©
With chemical agents ...
... must remove victim from the agent source
... must remove agent from contaminated personnel
How To DeconHow To Decon
CAUTION: Do not use bleach solution in, or around, the eyes; use plain water instead
DECON8©
BLEACH
Agent toxicity destroyed by contact with undiluted household bleach (neutralizes agent)
1 gallon of bleach needed per person, on average
Rinse person with clean water
When and Where To DeconWhen and Where To Decon
DECON9©
• Primarily at location where exposure occurred (Self and Buddy Decon)Also • At established Decon Stations
• When Emergency Medical Personnel treat exposed persons
DECON10©
1. Known or suspected of being contaminated and requiring prompt medical attention
2. Exhibiting signs/symptoms of agent exposure
3. Known to be contaminated but not exhibiting signs/symptoms and not urgently in need of medical attention
4. Suspected of being contaminated but showing no signs of agent toxicity
Priorities for Decontaminationof People
Handling Contaminated Handling Contaminated ArticlesArticles
• Must handle safely to avoid further contamination
• Must provide means to store and dispose of contaminated materials
• Bag and seal personal belongings, label with person’s name and other identification and store for later disposition
DECON11©
Key Key PointsPoints• Decontamination must be done immediately
and must be done right
• Most likely place to perform decon of people is at location where exposure occurred— often self and buddy decon
• Household bleach is recommended solution for removing and neutralizing nerve/blister agent
• Blot, don't wipe; get crevices well; rinse with water afterwards
• Don't use bleach in and around eyesDECON12©
SELF AND BUDDY
DECONTAMINATION
DECON15©
Self And Buddy DeconSelf And Buddy Decon
Objectives: Define decontaminationstorage of
personal belongings and items such as wigs, toupees, hearing aids, eyeglasses and artificial limbs
DECON16©
Why Self and Buddy DeconWhy Self and Buddy Decon Person decons him/herself or teams up
with another and the two decon each other
Buddy Decon is best—easier and allows for more thorough rinsing of places that are difficult to reach (back, buttocks, back of legs)
Don’t wait to be “officially”
decontaminated by special decon personnel
DECON17©
Begin immediately by removing all clothing Cut off clothing normally removed over head
Remove eyeglasses or contact lenses
If eyeglasses needed to evacuate, soak in bleach 5 minutes, rinse thoroughly with plain water
Self and Buddy Decon Self and Buddy Decon ProceduresProcedures
DECON18©
Remove Extraneous Items
DECON18A©
Remove extraneous items from contact with skin (wigs, toupees, hearing aids, artificial limbs)
If artificial limb required to safely evacuate, remove it, wipe it down with bleach, allow to air for 5 minutes or longer, rinse with clean water, and reattach
Bag artificial limbs not needed for evacuation
Carry those bagged to decon station
Flush eyes with lots of plain water
Wash face and hair with warm soapy water;
rinse with plain lukewarm water
After washing with bleach, rinse with lots of water
Self and Buddy DeconProcedures
DECON19©
DECON20©
Self and Buddy Decon Procedures
J. Doe213-45-1422
Put on fresh clothing Bag contaminated articles. Bring bag with critical items such as eyeglasses or artificial limbs to decon station
Proceed to nearest decon station
Materials And Materials And SuppliesSupplies
Liquid household bleach (undiluted) Water Scissors Cloths Plastic buckets Polyvinylchloride bags Clean clothes
Optional Contact lens removers
DECON21©
Decontamination Decontamination Station Station
OperationsOperations
DECON25©
Decontamination Station Operations
Objectives:
Define decontamination
DECON26©
DECON27©
Decontamination Station Operations
Objectives:
Demonstrate collection and storage of personal belongings and external items such as wigs, toupees, hearing aids, eyeglasses and artificial limbs
Demonstrate collection and disposal of contaminated waste includingused decon solutions rinse water
Must provide Visual screening without restricting
flow of fresh air Adequate showers Adequate water supply Adequate electricity supply Adequate collection and containment
of used decon solutions, rinse water, and other contaminated wastes
DECON28©
Decon Decon FacilityFacility
Decon Station PersonnelDecon Station Personnel
DECON29©
Decon station personnel should be trained, equipped, and clothed to safely decon any person suspected of being contaminated before assisting in the decon facility
Protective clothing and equipment should be approved for use with chemical agents
Decon Station ProceduresDecon Station Procedures
Persons should go through decon station even if they have performed self or buddy decon
Most can go through decon sequence with minimal assistance from Attendants
Those impaired by agent exposure, injury,
poor health, or other handicaps may require assistance or special equipment (mesh stretcher for injured, boatswain’s chair for wheelchair users)
DECON30©
Males and females should enter separate decon facilities, if possible
Young children should be permitted to accompany parent of either sex
Decontamination should be performed according
to priorities listed
DECON31©
Decon Station Procedures
1.
Collect personal property such as billfolds and items such as wigs, hearing aids, and artificial
limbs
Remove all clothing. Any clothing normally removed over the head should be cut off
Attendants should bag and seal items in agent-impermeable bag, label with person’s name and identification, and place in secure storage for later disposition
DECON32©
Decon Station Procedures
J. Doe213-45-1422
2.
Remove potentially contaminated eyeglasses and contact lenses Interview or evaluate wearer to determine if
wearer has been in agent-contaminated area
Decon Station Procedures
DECON33©
3.
Eyeglasses and contact lenses will be removed and handled according to
following procedures:
Decon hands before removing contact lenses. Use contact lens removers if available
Collect contact lenses for later disposal. Do not decon contact lenses
Expediently decon eyeglasses in metal frames by
soaking for 5 min in undiluted household bleach
and rinsing thoroughlyEyeglasses in plastic/composite frames should be
placed in gent-impermeable bag labeled with person’s name and id number for later disposition
Decon Station Procedures
DECON34©
Decon Station Procedures
DECON35©
NOTE: If eyeglass wearers would be significantly impaired without corrective lenses, remove lenses from porous frames as time permits, decon lenses, remount in uncontaminated frames, and return to owners
Time constraints and lack of new frames may preclude this option
Person should then blot skin areas (excluding face) that may have been exposed to agent with decon solution (undiluted household bleach). Any runoff should be collected
Person should then step under shower (lukewarm water recommended) and,
following instructions of Attendant, first flush face and eyes with lots of water, then wash face and rest of body with soapy water and rinse.
All runoff should be collected
Decon Station Procedures
DECON36©
4.
5.
Following shower, attendants should check person for any signs or symptoms of agent exposure and follow medical screening guidelines for treatment
Additional decontamination may be necessary
Decon Station Procedures
DECON37©
6.
DECON38©
Complete decontamination of mustard victims is
needed even if there are no immediate signs or symptoms, since onset of symptoms may be delayed for several hours
Body crevices and warm, moist areas are very susceptible to effects of mustard—decon these carefully
Following confirmation of successful decon,
person should proceed to area designated for first aid and re-dress. Attendants will monitor or treat any injuries and provide replacement clothing (disposable paper garments and booties or clean used clothing obtained from Goodwill, Salvation Army, etc.)
Decon Station Procedures
DECON39©
7.
Decon Station Procedures
DECON40©
8. Person should be directed to holding area for
observation of any agent exposure symptomsObserve nerve agent victims for at least 30 min and
mustard victims for 4 to 6 hr before releasing from observation area
Decontaminated persons should generally be kept separate from uncontaminated ones In some cases it may be prudent to allow
uncontaminated persons such as parents to join decontaminated dependents
Each person undergoing decon at station should be marked (e.g., by casualty tag, hospital bracelet, or by writing directly on chest or
forehead with indelible marker) with indication of specific treatment, decon, and completion time
Decon Station Procedures
DECON41©
9.
Each person processed through station should be provided with certificate indicating
Description of decon actions taken Time decon completed Time the individual released from
observation area Description of any medical treatment
administered in conjunction with decon
Decon station personnel should also retain copy of certificate
Decon Station Procedures
DECON42©
10.
Protective clothing for care providerLiquid household bleach (undiluted)WaterScissorsClothsPlastic bucketsAgent-impermeable bagsTags for bags, casualty tagsIndelible markers
Materials And Supplies
DECON43©
Materials And Supplies
Clean clothing/disposable paper garments and booties Clean bandages, etc. Wire stretcher/stretcher with non-absorbent surface Certificates
Optional Contact lens removers Spare eyeglass frames Reagents from Army skin decon kits
DECON44©
DECONTAMINATION
PROCEDURES
FOR
EMERGENCY MEDICAL
PERSONNELDECON50©
Decontamination Procedures for Emergency Medical
PersonnelObjectives:
Define decontamination personal belongings and external items such as wigs, toupees, hearing aids, eyeglasses and artificial limbs
DECON51©
Emergency Medical Emergency Medical PersonnelPersonnel Emergency medical personnel should
be trained, equipped, and clothed to safely decontaminate any injured person suspected of being contaminated before placing person in transport to care facility
Protective clothing and equipment should be approved for use with chemical agents
DECON52©
Why Decon TwiceWhy Decon Twice Presence of chemical agent on person’s
skin, hair, or clothing is not readily apparent
Self and buddy decon is expedient to quickly reduce amount of agent contamination on body
Emergency medical personnel should decon
injured persons even if persons have already performed self or buddy decon
DECON53©
Decon Procedures for Decon Procedures for Emergency Medical Emergency Medical PersonnelPersonnel
DECON54©
1.
Procedures should incorporate standard medical procedures for the injury involved. Care provider should also:
Remove outer clothing by cutting clothing and lifting person free onto wire stretcher or one with non-absorbent surface
Remove rest of clothing, cutting it and pulling from underneath person and removing personal belongings or items such as wigs, hearing aids and artificial limbs
Remove items, bag and seal in agent-
impermeable bag, and label with person’s name, other identification Place bag in secure storage for later
disposition
EMP Decon Procedures
2.
J. Doe213-45-1422
DECON55©
Remove any potentially contaminated bandage material, exercising extreme care when removing bandages that are used to control hemorrhages
EMP Decon Procedures
4.
DECON56©
Remove eyeglasses and contact lenses and
place in agent-impermeable bag labeled with person’s name & id number for later disposition
3.
Blot (not swab or wipe) potentially contaminated body surfaces with lots of 5% bleach solution or with reagents from Army’s skin decon kit, and wash face and eyes with clear water
EMP Decon Procedures
BLEACH
DECON57©
5.
DECON58©
Lack of immediate symptoms does not mean that complete decontamination of mustard victims is
not needed, since onset of symptoms may be delayed for several hours
Body crevices and warm, moist areas are very susceptible to effects of mustard—decon these carefully
Decontaminate chemical protective clothing of care provider
Each person having undergone decon or medical treatment should be marked (casualty tag, hospital bracelet, or by writing directly on chest or forehead with indelible marker) with indication of specific treatment and completion time
EMP Decon Procedures
6.
7.
DECON59©
EMP Decon ProceduresEMP Decon Procedures
Apply fresh bandages where necessary to control bleeding, and place injured person in transport vehicle
8.
DECON60©
Materials And Supplies
Protective clothing for care provider Liquid household bleach (undiluted) Water Scissors Cloths Plastic buckets Agent-impermeable bags Tags for bags, casualty tags Indelible markers
DECON61©
Clean clothing/disposable paper garments and booties Clean bandages Wire stretcher/stretcher with non-absorbent surface
Optional
Contact lens removers Reagents from Army skin decon kits
Materials And Supplies
DECON62©
DECONTAMINATION PLANNING
DECON65©
Decontamination Decontamination PlanningPlanning Integral part of planning for
emergency response Will reduce potential for injury and
save lives during emergency response phase following significant agent release
Decon of people must begin immediately,
with implementation of protective actions
DECON66©
Appendix L, CSEPP Planning Guidance
Provides standards on how to plan for decon in
event of significant chemical agent release
Addresses priorities and procedures for decon planning
DECON67©
Appendix L, CSEPP Appendix L, CSEPP Planning GuidancePlanning Guidance
DECON68©
Does not provide policy on specific identification of sites or areas that may require decon capability or provision of resources to those that do
Those policies and guidelines will be determined by results of ongoing studies regarding liquid agent deposition
Decon Plan RequiredDecon Plan Required Describe agencies to be responsible Describe resources to be available
Describe procedures to be followed to deal with agent-contaminated people and animals
that provide critical support to humans Plan should emphasize self and buddy
decontamination ( Standard L-1)
DECON69©
Agencies ResponsibleAgencies Responsible
DECON70©
Identify organization(s) responsible for decon of people and of animals that provide critical support to humans (e.g., Seeing Eye dogs) (Standard L-2)
Agencies Responsible Identify officials and agencies responsible for
strict quarantine of all potentially contaminated materials and property not to be immediately deconned
Strict quarantine will prohibit entry by unprotected public until safe to reenterCriteria for this to be specified in Appendix M on Reentry/ Restoration (Standard L-9)
DECON71©
ResourcesResources
DECON72©
Personnel decon station at Each reception center Each host hospital identified in evacuation plan Other locations as needed
Each decon station will:
Have adequate supplies of water and electricity
Contain/collect all used decon solutions/rinse water for later disposition (Standard L-5)
Be adequately staffed and equipped to decon maximum number of contaminated persons
Resources
DECON73©
Each decon station will:
Be capable of being staffed quickly after public alerted
Be able to decon concurrently with life-saving first aid for people suffering from agent exposure or other injury
Be able to screen people for symptoms of chemical agent toxicity (Standard L-5)
Resources
DECON74©
ProceduresProcedures
Establish guidelines for determining When decon is neededWhat decon resources are availableWhich decon concerns must be addressed first
through pre-event planning
Establish procedures at decon station for Evaluating which people require decon Immediately decontaminating people likely to
have been exposed to chemical agent (Standard L-5)
DECON75©
Procedures Establish procedures for handling personal
property of potentially contaminated persons (Standard L-5) Include list of priorities for decon/treatment of
affected materials to guide allocation of resources after chemical agent release (Standard L-2)
DECON76©
Describe plans for educating public for self and buddy decon
Should apply to all people in areas at
risk of exposure to agent
DECON77©
Procedures
DECON78©
Procedures Public education program may include
Instructions on self and buddy decon List of necessary supplies Guidance on other ways of expedient personal decon
Public information releases at time of emergency should clearly identify population segments that should perform self and buddy decon
Recommended for all people who are or have been within the chemical agent plume or have come in contact with people, animals, or objects (e.g., vehicles) that have been in plume
(Standard L-3)
Coordinate with all other emergency preparedness procedures and especially with those for reentry, monitoring, and medical services
Incorporate requirements of federal/state laws that could, e.g., limit kinds and quantities of decon solutions that could be used in particular area or require containment and
treatment of decon runoffs
DECON79©
Procedures