Definite Article Presentation

8/13/2019 Definite Article Presentation

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The

DEFINITE

ARTICLEDANIEL MORALES

IVONNE HERNNDEZ


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CONTENT

DEFINITION (definite article) FORM (Englis and S!anis) "ENDER AND N#M$ER

#SES Si%ilarities Differences

S&E'IAL 'ASES N%inaliatin (In Englis and S!anis) 'ntractins (Onl* in S!anis) Te +se f te article EL ,it fe%inine

n+ns (Onl* in S!anis)


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THE DEFINITE ARTICLE

Te definite article !ints +t a certain s!ecifiedting r !ersn r a certain s!ecified gr+! ftings r !e!le- It is a deter%iner (The inEnglis) tat intrd+ces a n+n !rase andi%!lies tat te ting %entined as alread* .een%entined/ r is c%%n 0n,ledge/ r is a.+t

t .e defined (as in the book on the table1 the artof government1 the famous poet and short storywriter)- It is c%%nl* +sed t tal0 a.+ts%eting tat is s!ecific-


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2IM&ORTANT NOTE3

In English language, definite article THE has no variation ofgender and number. Whether we use singular or plural forms inmasculine or feminine, the definite article is the same in all forms.

E4a%!les5 Tedog walks every day in the park.

Elperro camina cada da en el parue.

Te girl plays the piano very uickly.

Lani!a toca el piano muy r"pido.

Tedoor was damaged.

Lapuerta estaba da!ada

Terotten oranges were replaced by fresh strawberries.

Las naran#as podridas fueron reempla$adas por fresas frescas.


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PHONETIC

TRANSCRIPTION

SINGULAR PLURAL

%&E '()' %he book %hebooks

%&E '(i' %heorange

%heoranges

FORM


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E6AM&LES

Tebooks on the table are reallyinteresting

Lslibros ue hay en la mesa sonrealmente interesantes. Teoranges that are in the kitchen

are rotten

Lasnaran#as ue est"n en la cocinaest"n podridas.


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2IM&ORTANT NOTE3 *n the other hand, the Definite Article in

+panish has five different forms in terms ofgender and number and it also has a neuterone.

%here are some eceptions to the rule such asto find the -efinite rticle THE in masculineform accompanied to a noun in feminine. It will

be eplained later.


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FORMMAS'#LINE FEMININE NE#TER

SIN"#LAR EL LA LO

&L#RALLOS LAS


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EXAMPLES

Elcartero etravi/ lacorrespondencia-Teletterman lost thecorrespondenceLaestatua de la libertad fue robadaTe +tatue of 0iberty was stolen

Lsescritores brit"nicos son muy creativosTebrittish writers are very creativeLasman$anas se vendieron m"s baratas ue ayerTeapples were sold cheaper than yesterday

Lbueno es ue encontr1 mi billeteraTegood thing is that I found my wallet


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THE FUNCTIONS OF A DEFINITE

ARTICLE

Te definite article 7THE8 can identif*a n+n and s, tat it as .een

singled +t in s%e ,a*- "enerall*/te s!ea0er r ,riter 0n,s telistener r reader is a,are f te n+n.eca+se it ,as !re9i+sl* %entined

r e r se can see it/ as eard f it/as e4!erienced it/ as read a.+t it/etc-


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THE SIMILARITIES#SE S&ANISH EN"LISH

It is nt +sed ,ent, !e!le tal0 teac ter

2+e!or. 3"e$, 4est"usted en su casa5.2+, lo estoy.

6r. 3"e$, 4are you athome5.27es, I am.

It is nt +sed ,ittitles f 7Dn8 r7D:a8

-on 8arlos y -o!a0aura son lospropietarios de lacasa.

6r. 8arlos and 6rs.0aura are the ownersof the house

It is al,a*s +sed tfr% te s+!erlati9ef a c%!arisn

ntonio es elalumnom"s flo#o de la clase.%eresa fue lachicam"s bonita en lafiesta

ntonio is tela$ieststudent of the class.%eresa was teprettiest girl in theparty.


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#SE S&ANISH EN"LISH

It is nt +sed .efre

na%es f c+ntriesr cities e4ce!t,en te"egra!ical ter% is%dified-

LaEspa!a de

8ervantes

El3ars bohemio

Te+pain of

8ervantes

Te9ohemian 3aris

;it #ni


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#SE S&ANISH EN"LISH

$efre s+!erlati9es Elefecto m"simportante sucedi/en :unio

Temost significanteffect happened in:une

$efre %difierstat %a0e te n+ntat fll,s/s!ecific

;l se refiere'est"refiriendo a la mismateora

&e is referring to tesame theory

In !rases tat refert a s!ecific !art fa ,le gr+!

8ada uno de lseperimentos fueeitoso

Each of teeperiments wassuccessful.


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#SE S&ANISH EN"LISH

$efre Ordinaln+%.ers


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#SE S&ANISH EN"LISH

T refer t a generale4a%!le fs%eting rater

tan a s!ecific .=ectte s!ea0er>,riteras in %ind

7o siempre escucho lasnoticias en la radiocuando condu$co hacia

el traba#o.

I always listen to thenews on teradiowhen driving to Work.

$efre lcatinsassciated ,itcertain t*!ical ra.it+al acti9ities-

6e voy para elgimnasio despu1s declase4&as ido a laplayaeste verano5

I>m going to tegymafter class

&aving you been to tebeach this summer5

;e als +se tedefinite article 7te8t tal0 a.+t a!ersn r .=ect tatas .een %entined!re9i+sl*-

?na ni!a est"comiendose un heladoen la banca, hay ungato con lani!a

girl is eating an icecream on the bench,there is a cat with tegirl


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THE DIFFEREN'ESUSE SPANISH ENGLISH

T indicate generalr incl+si9e sense-

6e gustan lsgatos. I like cats.

T refer t

s%eting alread*defined r%entined

El libro de carlos es

verde.Lapluma delmuchacho tiene tintanegra.

8arlos> book is green

%he boy>s pen has ared ink.

It is al,a*s +sed

,it titles/ e4ce!t,en it is referreddirectl* t te!ersn

El se!or 6arcos es

muy inteligente.Ladoctora 6artne$dicta clases en la?niversidad.

6r. 6arcos is very

smart-r. 6artne$ teachesat the ?niversity.


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#SE S&ANISH EN"LISH

It is +sed ,it tena%es f lang+ages.+t nt after!re!sitins 7de8 r7en8

Elportugu1s es lalengua oficial de9rasil.Elruso es una lenguadifcil de aprender.

3ortuguese is theofficial language of9ra$il.@ussian is a verydifficult language tolearn.

Its +se is .ligatr*.efre !ssessi9e

!rn+ns e4ce!tafter 7$e8 ,en it?sfres and:ohn>s notebook

3eter>s and @ichard>spens are green


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#SE S&ANISH EN"LISH

Englis des nt+se te article ,it

na%es f s!rts

El@ugby no es mideporte favorito

@ugby is not myfavorite sport

Englis des nt+se te article ,itAcade%ic s+.=ects

Lasmatem"ticas noson mi fuerte en laescuela

I>m not good at 6athsat school

It is +sed instead fa !ssessi9ead=ecti9e referring tcltes r !arts fte .d*

4-/nde est" elsombrero5El futbolista se lesion/en lasrodillas

Where is %*hat5%he football player gotin#ured on iskneels

S!anis +ses tedefinite article ine4!ressins f ageand ti%e

7a son lasnueve ymediaC

6arina y :oseph secasaron a lsD a!os

It>s FGH alreadyC

6arina and :osephwere married at D


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#SE S&ANISH EN"LISH

In S!anis ,e +sete definite article

,en ,e tal0 a.+tte %eals f teda*5 .rea0fast/l+nc and dinner-

El desayuno fueservido hace dos

horas

9reakfast was servedtwo hours ago

Englis des nt+se te definitearticle .efre !l+raln+ns ,en ,e tal0a.+t te% in ageneral ,a*-

Lsport"tiles y lastablets son m"sbaratos en losEstados ?nidos

0aptops and tabletsare cheaper in the?nited +tates

S+.stances/%aterials r clrs,e d nt +se tedefinite article.efre te%-

Elro#o y ela$ul sonlos colores de mieuipo de f=tbolfavorito

@ed and blue are thecolors of my favoritefootball team


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USE SPANISH ENGLISH

;e ne9er +se adefinite article .efreMOST f !r!ern+ns/ incl+ding tena%es f streets-

Mar* tra.a=a en laa9enida Lincln

Mar* ,r0s atLincln?s A9en+e

"EO"RA&HI'ALNO#NS-

Na%es f %+ntainsNa%es f cntinentsNa%es f islands

Lasislas de SanAndr@s * &r9idencia

sn las %s .nitasde 'l%.ia

San Andr@s Islandsare te %st

.ea+tif+l f'l%.ia

"EO"RA&HI'ALNO#NS-Na%es f la0es and.a*s

Ellag Erie es ellag %s grande


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SPECIAL CASES


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NOMINALIZATION


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LO B ADC Linteresante de este li.r es s+ %isteris

final-Te interesting ting f tis .0 is its%*steri+s ending-

LO B ADV Me sr!rende lr!id


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LO B &ARTI'I&LE Lda!ado de este edificio puede rempla$arse o

repararse.

Te damaged thing of this building can be replaced orfied.

LO B ADC B #E Ella no sabe lterrible ue fue para m verla partir.Se does not know ,terrible was for me to see herleaving.

A B LO IN THE ;A OF/ IN THE MANNER OF 6ichael se visti/ a lantiguo-

6ichael was dressed in teold way


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INFINITIVE ;HEN IT?S #SED "ENERALL


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INFINITIVE ;HEN IT?S #SED"ENERALL

Drin0ingcoffe keeps you awake.

Elbeber caf1 te mantiene despierto

St+d*inga foreign language epands

your cultural knowledge-El estudiar un idioma etran#eroepande tu conocimiento cultural.


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&RO&ER NO#NS

Ese escritor es el%olkien de 8olombia

%hatwriter is te%olkien of 8olombia.

Ese futbolista es el6aradona de


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'ONTRA'TIONS


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'ntractin f te !re!sitin ,it tearticle5

A B EL AL

6e voy alcine esta noche

I>m going t te 8inema tonight

Nte5

In English, the preposition and the article isalways separated.


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'ntractin f te &re!sitin ,it te definitearticle5 De B El Del

Estos cinco libros son del mismo autor-

%hese five books belong tte same author-


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"eneral r+le5 %he articles el and un are the only oneswhich can be used when a feminine noun begins with stresseda or ha. *nly when any of these two articles preceedes thenoun immediately. 9ut when there is an ad#ective in the middle

of both, we use la and unaG

E.gG Article J feminine nounB Elagua. 2 Water

Article J ad#ective J feminine nounB

Ladulce agua K tesweet water

;it Ad=ecti9es5 We use feminine article la and una whenthe ad#ective begins in stressed a.

E.gG Laalta sociedad

La"spera superficie


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Te Article 7El8 and 7#n8 .efre fe%inine n+ns.eginning ,it stressed 7a8 !ne%e

%he articles 7el8 or 7+n8/ instead of 7la8 or 7+na8 areaccompanied with feminine nouns which begin in stresseda or ha phoneme when the following conditions are givenG

LB %he article precedes the noun immediately.

DB %he noun is in feminine gender and it is singular. HB %he noun begins in a stressed phoneme

a or ha

%his rule also counts for compound nouns in which the firstelement, separated, begins in a unstressed phoneme.


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EamplesG

Elaguamarina

El aguardiente

El aguamiel


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Documents

Definite Article Presentation