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7/28/2019 DellCert - Desktop Training.pdf
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DellTrainingforDesktopSystems
ContentsIntroduction.................................................................................................................................................. 5
SafetyGuidelines...................................................................................................................................... 5
Directions.................................................................................................................................................. 5
IntroductiontoTroubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 6
Objectives.................................................................................................................................................. 6
WhatIsaServiceTag?.............................................................................................................................. 6
WhereIstheServiceTagLocated?........................................................................................................... 6
WhatIstheUseofaServiceTag?............................................................................................................. 7
WhatIsanAssetTag?............................................................................................................................... 7
HowtoRuntheAssetTagUtility.............................................................................................................. 7
SerialNumbersforOtherComponents.................................................................................................... 8
BIOSOverview............................................................................................................................................... 9
Objective................................................................................................................................................... 9
WhatIstheBIOS?................................................................................................................................... 10
WhereIs
the
BIOS
Stored?
......................................................................................................................
10
TypesofBIOS.......................................................................................................................................... 10
EnteringtheBIOS.................................................................................................................................... 11
SystemSetupUtility................................................................................................................................ 11
AdvancedConfigurationandPowerInterface........................................................................................ 12
SleepStates............................................................................................................................................. 12
BIOSLevelSecurityforDesktops............................................................................................................ 14
TypesofPasswords................................................................................................................................. 14
BIOSSecurityInformation....................................................................................................................... 14
DiagnosticTools.......................................................................................................................................... 15
Objective................................................................................................................................................. 15
WhereCantheDellDiagnosticsBeSourcedfrom?................................................................................ 15
DiagnosticProcess.................................................................................................................................. 16
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TheDiagnosticProcess....................................................................................................................... 16
HowtoRuntheDiagnosticsProcessfromtheResourceCD.................................................................. 16
WhatAretheUsesoftheResourceCD?................................................................................................ 17
RunningtheDiagnosticsProcessfromtheSystemPartition.................................................................. 17
WhatFeaturesAreAvailableintheNewDiagnosticGUI?..................................................................... 17
WhatDotheNewGUIDiagnosticToolsContain?.................................................................................. 18
WhatIstheDellCrashAnalysisTool?..................................................................................................... 18
DellOptiPlexDesktop,PrecisionWorkstation,andVostroDesktopChassisAwareness........................... 19
Objective................................................................................................................................................. 19
TheDellDesktopChassisTypes.............................................................................................................. 19
IdentifyingtheDellChassis..................................................................................................................... 19
WhatAre
the
Features
of
the
Dell
Chassis?............................................................................................
20
OpeningtheDellChassis......................................................................................................................... 20
HowtoOpenanUltraSmallFormFactorChassis.................................................................................. 21
OpeningtheVostroChassis.................................................................................................................... 21
TheDiagnosticFeatureSet......................................................................................................................... 21
Objective................................................................................................................................................. 21
DiagnosticFeatureSet............................................................................................................................ 22
DiagnosticLEDs....................................................................................................................................... 22
DiagnosticLEDQuadPack...................................................................................................................... 22
BeepCodes............................................................................................................................................. 23
VostroBeepCodesandErrorMessages................................................................................................. 23
TheBootProcessExplained........................................................................................................................ 24
Objective................................................................................................................................................. 24
WhatAretheStagesoftheBootProcess?............................................................................................. 25
PowerButtonLEDStates........................................................................................................................ 26
WhatIs
the
Diagnostic
Quad
Pack?
........................................................................................................
27
DiagnosticLEDPatterns.......................................................................................................................... 27
SleepStatesandtheBootProcess.......................................................................................................... 28
BeepCodesandErrorMessages............................................................................................................. 28
FaultIdentification...................................................................................................................................... 29
Objective................................................................................................................................................. 29
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TroubleshootingbyIdentifyingFaults.................................................................................................... 29
HowtoIdentifytheNoPowerFault....................................................................................................... 30
HowtoIdentifythePOSTStageFailure.................................................................................................. 30
HowtoIdentifytheBootStageFailure................................................................................................... 31
TroubleshootingPower............................................................................................................................... 31
Objective................................................................................................................................................. 31
LEDStatesandCauses............................................................................................................................ 32
TroubleshootingtheEnvironmentRelatedPowerFaults...................................................................... 32
TroubleshootingPoweroutsidetheChassis........................................................................................... 33
TroubleshootingPowerinsidetheChassis............................................................................................. 33
CheckingInternalComponents............................................................................................................... 34
TroubleshootingSleep
States:
Not
Entering
Sleep
State
........................................................................
34
NotWakingUpfromSleepState............................................................................................................ 35
TroubleshootingPrePOST.......................................................................................................................... 35
Objective................................................................................................................................................. 35
CausesofPrePostFailure...................................................................................................................... 35
IdentifyingaPrePOSTFailure................................................................................................................ 36
PrePOSTComponents............................................................................................................................ 36
Step1:CheckingtheObvious................................................................................................................. 37
Step2:CheckingInternalDrives,CablesandConnectionPoints........................................................... 37
Step3:SwappingComponents............................................................................................................... 37
TroubleshootingPOST................................................................................................................................ 38
Objective................................................................................................................................................. 38
CauseforPOSTFailure............................................................................................................................ 38
TheLEDQuadPack,TextbasedPOSTCodes,andBeepCodes............................................................. 39
WhatDoLEDsandBeepCodesIndicate?............................................................................................... 39
Howto
Identify
Causes
of
No
POST
Failures
...........................................................................................
40
Step1:RemovingComponents............................................................................................................... 40
Step2:CheckingthePowerSource,thePSU,andItsConnectingLeads............................................... 41
Step3:ReseatingandSubstitutingComponents.................................................................................... 41
Step4:RemovingInstalledMemoryModules........................................................................................ 42
TroubleshootingSystemActivitySubsequenttoVideoInitialization......................................................... 42
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Objective................................................................................................................................................. 42
SystemActivitySubsequenttoVideoInitialization................................................................................ 42
The1234Code........................................................................................................................................ 43
The123Code:......................................................................................................................................... 43
Troubleshootingthe123Code............................................................................................................... 44
TroubleshootingDisplayIssues................................................................................................................... 44
Objective................................................................................................................................................. 44
IdentifyingtheDisplayType.................................................................................................................... 44
DisplayTroubleshootingProcedure........................................................................................................ 45
TroubleshootingCRTs............................................................................................................................. 45
RunningtheCRTSelfTest....................................................................................................................... 45
Settings....................................................................................................................................................45
CRTConnections..................................................................................................................................... 46
TroubleshootingLCDs............................................................................................................................. 46
RunningtheLCDSelfTest....................................................................................................................... 47
Settings.................................................................................................................................................... 47
LCDConnections..................................................................................................................................... 48
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Introduction
SafetyGuidelines
Youmust
take
precautions
to
prevent
electrostatic
discharge
(ESD).
StaticElectricityAchargestoredinanybody. ElectrostaticDischargeAsuddentransferofelectrostaticchargebetweenbodiesatdifferent
electrostaticpotentialusuallyasasparkasthebodiesapproachoneanother.
ESDisamajorconcernwhenhandlingcomponents,especiallyexpansioncardsandsystemboards.Very
slightchargescandamagecircuits.DamagefromESDcanoccurimmediatelyoritmaynotbecome
apparentforsometime.ESDmayalsoresultinintermittentproblemsorashortenedproductlifespan.
YoucanminimizethechancesofadischargebywearingthewristgroundingstrapthatcomesintheESD
kitand
taking
several
precautions:
WhilethesystemispluggedintotheEarthcircuitviathepowersocket,attachthewristgroundingtoyourwristandcliptheotherendtoagroundobject.Ifawristgroundingstrapisnotavailable,
youcandischargethestaticelectricityinyourbodybytouchinganunpaintedmetalsurface,suchas
thesystemchassis.
Unplugthemachine.Staticsensitivecomponentsarrivewrappedinantistaticpackingmaterial.Dothefollowingwhen
handlingstaticsensitivecomponents:
UseanESDwristgroundingstrap. Handleallsensitivecomponentsinastaticsafearea. Ifpossible,useantistaticfloormatsandworkbenchpads. Whenunpackingastaticsensitivecomponent,donotremovethecomponentfromtheantistatic
packingmaterialuntilyouarereadytoinstallthecomponentsintoyoursystem.
Directions
Thiscourseshouldtake1 2hourstocomplete(excludingtheassessment). Foradditionaltechnicalinformation,youcanrefertosupport.dell.com.
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IntroductiontoTroubleshooting
Objectives
Thismodule
helps
improve
your
familiarity
with
Dell
online
support
resources
and
enhances
your
ability
tonavigatethem.ThemodulehasabriefdiscussionontheBIOSandBIOSlevelsecurityfeatures,
includingDellspolicytowardsmanagingBIOSpasswordissues.Italsointroducesseveralsoftware
diagnostictoolsthatcanhelpdiagnosehardwareandsoftwarerelatedissues.
WhatIsaServiceTag?
Aservicetagis:
The
name
given
to
the
serial
number
of
a
Dell
system,
printer,projectororPDA.
AsevendigitalphanumericstringdefinedatDell. DisplayedintheBIOSandonastickerplacedonthe
outsideofthechassis.
SetbyDellbeforethesystemleavesthefactory.NOTE:Whenreplacingasystemboard,besuretoupdate
theservicetaginformationintheBIOStomatchtheservicetagonthechassis.Itisalsoagoodpractice
toflashtheBIOStothemostrecentversionatthistime.
WhereIstheServiceTagLocated?
Aservicetagcanbephysicallylocated:
Onthetopofthechassistowardsthefront. Onthebottomofthechassistowardstheback. Underthefrontpanelofolderchassis.
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WhatIstheUseofaServiceTag?
Aservicetagisused:
Asasystemidentifier.
For
speedy
system
identification
when
browsing
the
support
site.
Toidentifythesystemrequiringwarrantyservice.Itmustbeprovidedforanyhardwaredispatches.
NOTE:ThefailuretomaintainaconsistentservicetagbothintheBIOSandon
thechassisstickercouldpotentiallycauseconfusionwhenplacingwarrantycalls,
overwritingmasterpasswords,orcontrollingyourinstallbase.Itistherefore
recommendedthatyouensuretheoriginaltagnumberismaintained
throughoutthelifeofthesystem.Alwaysremembertoupdatetheservicetagin
theBIOS.
WhatIsanAssetTag?
Anassettag:
Isacustomerspecified10digitnumberforthesystem(itisoptional). Canbeusedtofacilitatecompanysecurityandcontrolpoliciesorforauditingpurposes. IsstoredintheBIOS.Theassettagisanumberupto10characterslongthatcanbeenteredintotheBIOSusingtheassettag
utility.This
utility:
IsavailablealongwithsoftwaresupportutilitiesintheresourceCD. CanbedownloadedfromtheDellsupportsiteftp.dell.com/utility/.Thefileiscalledasseta00.exe.
HowtoRuntheAssetTagUtility
1. Savethefileasseta00.exefromthesupportsiteorResourceCDontoyourharddisk.
2. Insertafloppydiskintothefloppydrive.3. Openthefilefromthesavedlocation.This
actionwillextractthefileontothefloppy
disk.
4. Bootthesystembyusingthefloppydisk.5. Typeasset.xxxxxxxxontheApromptwherexxxxxxxxisyourchosenassettag.
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6. Typeasset/sxxxxxxxxwherexxxxxxxistheservicetagontheAprompt.Thiswillhelpyouchangetheservicetag(onlyifrequired).
YoucanalsoruntheAssetTagutilityorflashtheBIOSusingaUSBmemorykey.
SerialNumbersforOtherComponents
Serialnumbers(20digitPPID(piecepartidentificationnumber)arerequiredtoadvanceaservice
requestorwhilereplacingthefollowingcomponents:
CRTmonitors
Flatpanels
Batteries
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ACadapters
Speakers
Dockingstations
WhencontactingDelltoreplaceCRTs,flatpaneldisplays,batteries,ACadapters,speakers,anddocking
stations,youmustprovidethePPID.FailuretologthePPIDtoolmaypreventtheservicerequestfrom
beingcompleted.
BIOSOverview
Objective
UponcompletionofthistopicyouwilllearntoidentifythefeaturesoftheBIOS.
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WhatIstheBIOS?
BIOSstandsforBasicInputOutputSystemandisessentiallyalowlevelsoftwareprogramhardcodedintoanonboardCMOS(complementaryoxidesemiconductor)chip.
TheBIOScodefacilitatesthetestingandinitializationofhardware,primarilythekeyboard,monitor,disk
drives,
communication
ports,
memory,
chipset
and
processor,
all
of
which
are
required
to
boot
thesystem.
TheBIOSalsoprovidesauserinterfaceintheBIOSsetupprogramthatisparticularlyusefulfortroubleshooting.Forexample,youcanenterthesystemsetuptocheckwhetherdevicesareenabled
ordisabled,whetherdrivesaredetectedornot,andtweaksettingstoenhanceortailorthe
systemspowermanagement,processor,orvideoperformance.Notethattheuserinterfaceforthe
BIOSisspecifictothesystemtypeandBIOSforthemachine.
WhereIstheBIOSStored?
TheBIOSistypicallystoredinPROM(ProgrammableReadOnlyMemory),whichisembeddedintoaCMOS
chipinthesystem,anditisoftencalledPROMBIOS.
BecausePROMisavolatile,asmallbatterysuppliescontinuouspowertotheCMOSchip,ensuringthat
theBIOSisalwaysavailableandcannotbedamaged
bypowerordiskfailures.Whenthebatteryisnearing
theendofitslife,youmaynoticethattheBIOS
settingsreverttotheDelldefaultswhenthesystemis
powereddown.
Date
and
time
reversions
are
usually
mostevident.
PROMBIOScontainsthecodethatallowsasystemtoboot.NOTE:ManycomputermanufacturersdesignsystemssothattheBIOSiscopiedfromROMtoRAMeach
timethesystemisbooted.ThisisknownasShadowBIOSROM,ShadowMemory,andShadowRAM.Theobjectiveistoallowthesystemtoaccessthatinformationquickly.
TypesofBIOS
MostmodernPCshaveaflashBIOS.
AflashBIOSisaBIOSthatcanbeerasedandrewritten,typicallythroughthecombinationofanelectricalprocessandaprogram.
AflashBIOSthatcanhandlePlugandPlay(PnP)devicesisalsoknownasaPnPBIOS.
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Ifanupdateisrequired,theBIOScanbeerasedandrewrittenusinganelectricalprocess.Hence,the
technologyiscalledEEPROMorElectricallyErasableProgrammableReadOnlyMemory.Theprocedure
involvediscalledflashingtheBIOS.
IngeneralmostPCshaveafairlystandardizedBIOS,althoughthemethodusedtoflashthem,ifpossible,
canbe
specific
to
the
computer
vendor.
NOTE:YoushouldmaintainupdatedBIOS,thelatestversionofwhichcanbefoundontheonline
supportsite.
Typicallytheprocessinvolvesthefollowingsteps.
1. Downloadthefiletoyourchosenlocation.2. Doubleclickonthefiletoexecuteit.Thisactionwilleitherpromptyouforafloppydiskorinitiate
theflashprocess.Ifitdoesnotpromptyouforafloppydisk,thedownloadedfilewillselfextract
ontothefloppydisk,makingitbootable.
3. Bootthemachinewiththefloppydiskinplace,alteringthebootsequencethroughtheonetimebootmenu,ifrequired,andcompletetheintuitiveprocess.
EnteringtheBIOS
ToentertheBIOSsetup,youcanperformanyoneofthefollowingsteps:
Pressthekeywhenpromptedatstartup. Pressthekeyatstartuptoaccesstheonetimebootmenu.WARNING:Changingadvancedparameterscanleadtosysteminstabilityanddataloss.Itishighly
recommendedthatyoubackupyourharddrivecontentsbeforemakinganychanges,andthatyou
proceedwithcaution,makingeveryreasonableefforttofullyunderstandtheimplicationsofthe
settingsyoumightbechanging.Fulldetailscanbefoundintheonlineandsystemspecificmanual.
SystemSetupUtility
TheBIOSincludesauserinterface,oftencalledtheSystem
Setup
Utility
(SSU).
This
utility
enables
you
to
access
the
user
modifiablefeaturesoftheBIOS.Thesefeaturesinclude:
Bootdeviceorder Peripheralinformationandsettings POSTbehavior Powermanagement
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SecuritysettingsNOTE:ThefeaturesaccessiblethroughtheSSUvarybysystem,asdoesthenavigationoftheSSU.Refer
totheUsersGuideorServiceManualforyoursystemforspecificinformation.
AdvancedConfigurationandPowerInterface
AdvancedConfigurationandPowerInterface(ACPI)isanindustrystandardforrecognizinghardware,
configuringdevices,andmanagingpower.
PowermanagementisthemostvisibleaspectofACPI.
ACPImovescontrolofpowermanagementfromtheBIOStotheoperatingsystem.ThisabilitycanbeenabledordisabledintheSystemSetupUtility.
ACPIenablestheoperatingsystemtosuspendoperationandenterstandbyorhibernation.Formoreinformationaboutthesestates,seeSleepStates.
Fortheoperatingsystemtocontrolpowermanagement,thefollowingcomponentsmustallbeACPI
capable:
Operatingsystem Powersupply Processor Systemboard
SleepStates
Insleeporstandbystate,thesystemturnsofftheinternalcomponentstoreducepowerconsumption.
Therearefivesleepstateindicators:
TheS0sleepindicatorGlobalStates Workingstate(G1) SystemisinanS0
ACPIstate.SleepStates Systemison
CPUStates Workingstate(C0)
DeviceStates Workingstate(D0)
TheS1sleepindicatorGlobalStates Sleepingstate(G1) SystemisinanS0
ACPIstate.SleepStates Systemison
CPUStates Workingstate(C0)
DeviceStates Workingstate(D0)
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TheS3sleepindicatorGlobalStates Sleepingstate(G1) SystemisinanS1
orS3StandbyACPI
state.
SleepStates SuspendtoRAM Contentsaved
toRAM
Alsoknownasstandby Powerbutton
displaysa
blinkinggreen
LED
CPUStates Nopower
DeviceStates Nopowerexceptfor
wakeuplogic(D3)
TheS4sleepindicatorGlobalStates Sleepingstate(G1) SystemisinanS5,
S4,orG3ACPI
state.
SleepStates Suspendtodisk Contentsaved
todisk
Alsoknownashibernate
PowerbuttondisplaysoffLED
CPUStates Nopower
DeviceStates Nopowerexceptfor
wakeup
logic
(D3)
TheS5sleepindicatorGlobalStates Systemstillreceiving
thefleapower(G5)
SystemisinanS5,
S4orG3ACPI
state.SleepStates Softoff Contentnot
saved
Coolbootrequired
CPUStates Nopower
DeviceStates
No
power
except
for
wakeuplogic(D3)
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BIOSLevelSecurityforDesktops
AusercansettwotypesofmasterpasswordsintheBIOSofaDelldesktop:
System
Administrator
CAUTION:Ifyouleaveyoursystemrunningandunattendedwithouthavingasystempassword
assigned,orifyouleaveyoursystemunlockedsothatsomeonecandisablethepasswordbychanginga
jumpersetting,anyonecanaccessthedatastoredonyourharddrive.
TypesofPasswords
Systempassword:Preventsauserfrombooting
toanymedia.Apasswordpromptappearsas
soonasthesystemisswitchedon.
Administratorpassword:Allowsausertoboot
totheoperatingsystemandusethemachine,butpreventsthemfrommakinganychangesintheBIOS.
BIOSSecurityInformation
BIOSpasswordsondesktopsystemscanbeenabledordisabledwithajumperonthesystemboard.
RefertoyoursystemsUsersGuideorServiceManualforthespecificprocedureforclearingpasswords.Atypicalprocedureis:
Turnoffthesystemanddisconnectthepowercablefromtheelectricaloutlet. Removethesystemcover. Locatethe2pinpasswordjumper(PSWD)onthesystemboardandremoveittoclearthe
password.
Closethecover. Connectthesystemandmonitortoelectricaloutletsandturnthemon. AftertheMicrosoftWindowsdesktopappearsonthescreen,shutitdown. Turnoffthemonitoranddisconnectitfromtheelectricaloutlet. Disconnectthepowercablefromtheelectricaloutlet,andthenpressthepowerbuttontoground
thesystemboard.
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Openthecover. Locatethe2pinpasswordjumperonthesystemboardandattachittoreenablethepassword
feature.
Closethecover. Connectthesystemanddevicestoelectricaloutletsandturnthemon. Assignanewsystemand/orAdministratorpassword.NOTE:AsupportrequesttooverridetheBIOSpasswordcannotbemadethroughtheonlinelogging
tool.Wewouldadviseyoutocalloremailyourrepresentativewiththerelevantproofofownership
information.
Proofofownershipconsistsofafaxedormailedletterheadalongwiththerequest.
DiagnosticTools
Objective
Aftercompletingthistopicyouwillbeabletoidentifyandemploytheapplicablesoftwarediagnostic
tool,includingtherelevantoptions,forbothspecificandgeneralfailureevents.
WhereCantheDellDiagnosticsBeSourcedfrom?
NewDellplatformreleasesareaccompaniedbyaGraphicUserInterface(GUI)diagnosticapplication,
whereasolder
system
would
ship
with
the
DOS
based
equivalent.
The
diagnostic
application
can
test
all
majorhardwarecomponentsandtheirfunctions.Thesoftwareisavailablefromthefollowingthree
resources:
TheDellResourceCDthatcomeswithallplatforms. TheDellsupportwebsiteatsupport.dell.com. Thesystempartition,a32MBpartition,placedonyourharddriveduringthemanufacturing
process.
NOTE:Youcanaccessthe32MBsystempartitionbyusingtheonetimebootmenu.Forthis,press
during
the
power
on
phase
to
activate
the
one
time
boot
menu
and
then
follow
the
prompts
that
appearonthescreen.However,whensystemsareimaged,thepartitionisoverwrittenandwillnotbe
present.
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DiagnosticProcess
Youcanaccessthediagnosticapplicationbybootingtothe
resourceCDandmakingtheappropriateselectionsfromthe
displayedmenu.
TheDiagnosticProcess
1. TheDelllogoappearsonthescreenfollowedbyamessageinformingyouthattheapplicationisbeingloaded.
2. AprogramteststheRAMthatwillbeusedbythediagnostictoolsbeforeitisloadedintothememory.
3. TheresourceCDcheckstheBIOSforversionandsetupinformation.4. Thediagnosticapplicationthenscansthehardwarepresent,whichitusestoensurethatthe
applicationtestsavalidconfiguration.
NOTE:The32bitDiagnosticsserveasausefultoolwhenattemptingeithertotestaspecificcomponent,
orto
perform
amore
general
system
health
inspection.
Error
messages
received
can
help
pinpoint
componentfailures,whetherthereisanabsolutefailureorthedeviceisoperatingoutsideofnormal
parameters.Ingeneral,ifauserisexperiencingintermittentorstrangeerrors,systemfreezesor
questionableresponsetimes(vagueconditions),itisadvisabletorunthediagnostics.Ifthediagnostics
passwithnoreportederrors,youcanshiftthetroubleshootingeffortstowardsthesoftware
environment.Thesoftwarediagnosticsshouldalwaysbeusedasanindicatoronly.Theycannotbeused
asasubstitutefordirecthardwaretesting.Itisimperativethatallerrorcodeinformationreportedby
the32bitDiagnosticsbeincludedintheonlineservicerequesttoDell.
HowtoRuntheDiagnosticsProcessfromtheResourceCD
1. BootthesystemwiththeResourceCDinsertedintothedrive.2. Presswhenpromptedduringstartup.Thisdisplaystheonetimebootmenu.3. Topreparethesystemtorunthediagnostics,selecttheBootfromCDROMoptionfromtheStartup
menubypressing2.
4. Tobeginsystemdiagnostics,selecttheRunthe32BitDellDiagnosticsoptionfromtheChoiceActionsmenubypressing1.
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WhatAretheUsesoftheResourceCD?
TheResourceCD: Canbeusedtoinstalldrivers,diskutilitiesand
applications(diagnosticorperformancebased).
Willautorunwhenplacedintothedrive,whileintheoperatingsystem.
Canhelpinidentifyingthevariouschipspresentonyoursystemalongwiththeirmanufacturerandtype.
Canbeusedtorunthe32bitDiagnostics.NOTE:TheinformationontheResourceCDmaybeoutdated,soitisrecommendedthatyoufrequentlycheckthesupportsitesDriversandDownloads
pageforthemostuptodatedriversandutilitiesorboth.
RunningtheDiagnosticsProcessfromtheSystemPartition
AllfactoryshippedDellsystemsinclude,aspartofthedefaultspecification,the32bitSystem
Diagnostics,hiddenonautilitypartition.Performthefollowingstepstorunthediagnostics:
Pressthesequenceorwhilethesystembootsintoaccessthediagnostictool.
Thetoolloadstheappropriatemodules,andthestandardDellDiagnosticsmainmenuappears. Whenyouchoosetoexitthediagnostictool,thesystemwillrebootaccordingtothenormalboot
sequenceandreturntotheinstalledoperatingsystem,ifapplicable.
NOTE:Drivessentforservicereplacementwillbeunformatted.Asaresult,theutilitypartitionwillnot
beincluded.Thecapabilitytorunthe32bitDiagnosticswillalsobeabsent.Keystrokespressedwhile
thesystemisbootingwillbeignoredonthesedrives.
WhatFeaturesAreAvailableintheNewDiagnosticGUI?
WiththenewdiagnosticGUIutilityprogramyoucan:
Performexpress,extended,orcustomtestsononeoralldevices.
Selecttestsbasedontheproblemthatyoursystemreports.
Choosethenumberoftimesatestistoberun. Displaytestresults.
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Suspendtestingifanerrorisdetected. Terminatetestingifthenumberoferrorsexceedsapredefinednumber. Accesstheonlinehelpthatdescribesthetestsanddevices. Receivestatusmessagesthatindicatewhethertestshavecompletedsuccessfully. Receiveerrormessagesifproblemsaredetected.
WhatDotheNewGUIDiagnosticToolsContain?
Youareprovidedwiththefollowingfourchoiceswhenyourunthefirstscreenofthenewdiagnostic
utility:
Expresstest:o Runsaquicktestonallcomponentsinthesystem.o Findsobviousfaults.o Hasanapproximateruntimeof30minutes.
Extendedtest:o Runsindepthtestsonallcomponentsinthesystem.o Testscomponentsattheextremesoftheirparameters
Customtest:o Runsindepthtestsontheindividualcomponentsthatyouselect.o Helpstotailorthetestsyourun.Usethisoptionwhenyoureceiveerrorcodeinformation
highlightingapotentiallyfaultypartoryouhaveasuspicionbasedonthesystemsbehavior
thatyouwanttovalidate.
Symptomtree:o Isusefulifyouarenotsurewhichcomponentissuspectedtobefailingbutknowthe
symptomthatitisproducing.
o Testsallhardwarecomponentsthatcancauseaparticularsymptom.
WhatIstheDellCrashAnalysisTool?
DellCrashAnalysisTool:
Canidentifydriverandsoftwareproblemson
Dell
systems.
Canbeusedifacustomergetsbluescreenerrors,lockupsintheoperatingsystem,or
randomreboots.
Listspotentialdevicedriversthatcouldbetherootcauseoftheissueexperienced.
Canbedownloadedfrom
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http://ftp.us.dell.com/app/r107879.exe.
Canbeinstalledandrunonanysystem,oncedownloaded. Includesaviewer.NOTE:IftheDellCrashAnalysisTooldiscoversafaultwithanyofthedevicedrivers,itcansavea
potentialoperating
system
reinstall.
Thekeyprincipleuponwhichthetoolisbasedisthatdriverrelatedissuesneedtobeaddressedahead
ofunnecessaryhardwaredispatches.Inessence,ifaharddrivewasdispatchedforasoftwarerelated
issue,itwouldresolvetheproblem,atleastfortheimmediatefuture.However,chancesarethatthe
problemwouldreappearinthenearfutureifarogueormaliciousdriverisarequirementforessential
systemfunctionality.Considertheriskthatafuturefailurecouldprovemorecostly.
DellOptiPlexDesktop,PrecisionWorkstation,andVostroDesktopChassis
Awareness
Objective
Aftercompletingthistopic,youwillbeabletoidentifyandappreciatethediagnosticrelevanceof
OptiPlexdesktop,Precisionworkstation,andVostrodesktopchassisfeatures.
TheDellDesktopChassisTypes
Thefollowingtabledescribeschassisavailabilitybyproductline.
ChassisType
Old
OptiPlex
Desktop
NewOptiPlex
Desktop
Precision
Workstation
VostroDesktop
Tower 9
Minitower 9 9 9 9
Slimtower 9
Desktop 9
SmallDesktop 9
SmallFormFactor 9 9
UltraSmallForm
Factor
9 9
IdentifyingtheDellChassis
Itisadvisedthatyouconfirmthetypeandlookofthesystem
chassisyouaretroubleshootingbeforeemployingany
strategyormethodology,because:
Youmayneedtoaccountforsubtledifferences.
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Differentchassistypesaretypicallycomprisedofdifferentparts.Thechassistypecanbeidentifiedbyreferringtotheonlinesystemmanual,whichwouldinclude
pictures,makingavisibleconfirmationpossible.However,themethodsoftroubleshooting,andthe
principlesandpracticeofopeningthechassisarefundamentallythesame.
WhatAretheFeaturesoftheDellChassis?
Delldesktopchassisaredesignedtomaketroubleshootingmoresimple.Keyfeaturesinclude:
Safe,intuitivehardwareaccess:o YoucanopenmanyDellchassiswithouttools.o Somechassisdorequireascrewdrivertoremovethescrewsthatsecurethecovertothe
mainbodyofthechassis.
Maintainability
and
serviceability:
o Theharddrives,CDs,DVDs,andtapedrivesofmanysystemsaremountedonrails.Youdonotneedanytoolstoremovedrivesfromthesesystems.Youdoneedascrewdriverto
removethedrivesfromtherails.
o YoucaneasilyremoveandreseatthedatacablesonIDEandSATAdrives.o Youcaneasilyremoveandreseatmemorymodules,whicharesecuredbytwoplasticlevers.
Colorcoding:o Componentsareoftencolorcoded:
Blueplasticindicatesacustomerremovableunit(CRU).OldersystemsusedgreenplastictoindicateCRUs.
BlueSATAcablesconnecttotheharddrive,whileorangeSATAcablesconnecttotheopticaldrive.
NOTE:
Together,thesefeaturessimplifyservicedelivery.Youmayfinditeasiertorequestthepartsandinstallthemyourselfratherthanwaitforanonsitetechnician.
Notethatreplacementdrivesdonotshipwithmountingrails.Youmusttransfertherailsfromtheexistingdrive.
YoucanfindstepbystepinstructionsintheonlineUsersManualorServiceManual.
OpeningtheDellChassis
YoucanopentheDellchassisby:
Pressingbuttonssimultaneouslyoneithersideofthechassis.
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Releasingadoorlatchthat,inturn,unlocksoneofthesidepanels. Placingthesystemdownontheappropriatesideandopeningthechassisbyusingthesliding
button.
Removingthescrewsthatsecurethecover.How
to
Open
an
Ultra
Small
Form
Factor
Chassis
TheUltraSmallFormFactorhasaplasticbackassembly.First,youneedtoremovetheassembly,whichhastwoparts.Then,youcanopenthe
sidepanelbyturningthebuttononthechassis.
ThebuttonlockingmechanismontheUltraSmallFormFactorisalwayslocatedatthebackofthesystem.
OpeningtheVostroChassis
BoththeVostroTowerandSlimTowerChassisusescrewstosecurethe
cover.Thefirsttimeyouremovethecover,youmustuseastandardPhillips
headscrewdrivertoloosenthesecuringscrews.Whenyoureplacethecover,
thescrewscanfunctionasthumbscrew.
TheDiagnosticFeatureSet
Objective
Aftercompletingthistopic,youwillbeabletoidentifytheDelldiagnosticfeatureset.
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DiagnosticFeatureSet
ThediagnosticfeaturesofDelldesktopand
workstationsystemsinclude:
Beepcodes Errormessages LEDQuadPack PowerLED
DiagnosticLEDs
LightEmittingDiodes(LEDs)aresmall,efficient
lightsources.Theyaresemiconductorsthat
radiatelight.
TheLEDsthatDellusestodisplaydiagnostic
informationradiateinthevisiblespectrum.By
decodingthepatternoflight,youcantroubleshootafailedsystemorfollowasystemthroughthe
stagesofthebootprocess.
DiagnosticLEDQuadPack
Thediagnostic
LED
Quad
Pack
is
one
of
the
key
diagnostic
features
of
the
Dell
OptiPlex
desktop
and
PrecisionWorkstationsystems.ItcanbeusedintheeventofasystemfailureduringthePOSTprocess
toassistthefaultdiagnosis.TheQuadPackisfoundinoneoftheselocations:
Underthefrontpaneldoor. OnthefrontofthechassisbetweenorbelowtheheadphonejackandtheUSBports. Ontherearofthesystemabovethemouseandkeyboardports.
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BeepCodes
Whenerrors
that
cannot
be
reported
on
the
monitor
occur
duringPOST,yoursystemmayemitabeepcodetocommunicate
theproblem.Abeepcodeisaspecificseriesofsounds.
Forexample:AWorkstationT7400beepsonce,thenpauses,
beepsagain,thenbeepsthreetimes.Thisbeepcodeindicatesan
NVRAMread/writefailure.
Beepcodesarerelativelyconsistentacrossplatforms.Sothe113codewouldstillindicateanNVRAM
failureontheDellOptiPlex210LandtheOptiPlex330.ButaVostro400usesacompletelydifferentset
of
beep
codes.
VostroBeepCodesandErrorMessages
AswithOptiPlexandPrecisionsystems,Vostrosystemsalsoreportconditionsthatariseduringthebeep
processthrough:
TextErrorMessagesTextErrorMessage Meaning
CMOSCHECKSUMERROR PossiblesystemboardfailureorRTCbatterylow.
Replacethe
battery.
CPUFANFAILURE CPUfanfailure.Replacethefan.
HARDDISKDRIVEFAILURE PossibleharddrivefailureduringtheHDDPOST.
Checkthecablesandswapharddrives.
NOTIMETICKINTERRUPT Achiponthesystemboardmightbe
malfunctioning,orthesystemboardhasfailed.
NOTabootdiskette Insertabootablefloppydiskandthenrestartthe
system.
USBOVERCURRENTERROR AdeviceontheUSBbusisdrawingmorecurrent
thanissupported.DisconnecttheUSBdeviceor
useanexternalpowersourceforthedevice.
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BeepCodesBeepCode Description SuggestedRemedy
1 BIOSROM
checksuminprogressor
failure
Systemboardfailure.CoversBIOScorruptionor
ROMerror.
2 Nomemorymodules
detected
1.Ifyouhavetwoormorememorymodules
installed,removethemodules,reinstallonemodule,
andthenrestartthesystem.Ifthesystemstarts
normally,reinstallanadditionalmodule.Continue
untilyouhaveidentifiedafaultymoduleor
reinstalledallmoduleswithouterror.
2.Ifavailable,installagoodmemorymoduleofthe
sametypeintothesystem.
3.Iftheproblempersists,contactDell.
3 Chipseterror
Time
of
Day
Clocktestfailure
GateA20failure
SuperI/Ochipfailure
Keyboardcontrollerfailure
Systemboardfailure.PowerLEDisblinkingamber.
CurrentlyshippingVostrosystemsdonothaveLEDQuadPack.
TheBoot
Process
Explained
Objective
Aftercompletingthistopic,youwillbeableto:
Appreciatethestagesofthebootprocess. Identifythesignificanceoftheassociatedsystemindicators.
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WhatAretheStagesoftheBootProcess?
Everytimeyoursystemboots,itpassesthroughfivedistinctbootstages.Thesequenceofthesestages
is:
OffInthisstage,thereisnopowersupplytothesystem.
PowerInthisstage,thesystemreceivespowerfromapowersourceanddistributesthepowertothe
internalcomponents.
PrePOST(PowerOnSelfTest)Inthisstage,thesystemcanreceivepoweranddistributethispowertoitsinternalcomponentsbut
cannotprocessdata.
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POSTInthisstage,thesystemprocessesaseriesofinstructionsthatcheck,testandinitiatesystem
components.ThesetestsarecommonlyknownasPOSTtests.Theexecutedcodethatprovidesfor
theinstructionsetisstoredintheBIOS.
BootWhenthesystemsuccessfullycompletesthePOSTtests,theBIOSattemptstoreleasecontrolofthe
systemtoadefinedbootdeviceandaninstalledoperatingsystem(OS).Theoperatingsystem
componentthatreceivescontrolisreferredtoasthekernel.Followingthis,thesystembeginsthe
bootstage.
PowerButtonLEDStates
ThepowerLED:
ChangesitsstatetoreflectthesystemtransitionthroughtheassociatedPOSTroutines. IndicatesthestageatwhichtheprocessfailedduringPOST. Doesnotidentifythecomponentresponsibleforthefailure.WhenthesystemcompletesPOSTnormally,thechangeinLEDcodeforeachphaseoftheprocess
occursfairlyquickly,makingitdifficulttodistinguishbetweenthestages.Whenthesystemfailsto
completePOST,thePowerLEDremainsinthelastsuccessfulstate.
NOTE:OptiPlexandPrecisiondesktopsincludeavariablestatepowerbuttonLED.Theoccurrenceof
distincteventstriggersachangeinthestateoftheLED.ThevariablestatepowerbuttonLED:
Displaysfivedifferentvisualcodesorstates. Providesyouwithinformationaboutthestateofthesystem,orthestagewhereinafailure
occurred.
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WhatIstheDiagnosticQuadPack?
ThediagnosticorLEDQuadPackprovidesinformationaboutthecurrentstageorsetofPOSTteststhat
thesystemiscyclingthrough.
TheQuadPackLEDshighlighttheprogressofyoursystemthroughthePOSTprocess. Ifthesystemfailsonaparticularcheckortest,theQuadPackwillhighlightthestageatwhichthe
systemhaltedviaanLEDcode.
NOTE:AlwayscheckyoursystemsUsersGuideorServiceManualtodeterminetheexactmeaningoftheLEDQuadPackcode.
ThediagnosticLEDQuadPackprovidesinformationaboutthecurrentstageofPOSTasthesystem
progressesthroughit.IfthesystemstopsPOSTing,youcanlookupthecodeinthesystemsUsersGuideorServiceManualtodeterminewhereitstopped.Thatinformationgivesyouagoodstartingpointfortroubleshooting.
Onsomesystems,theLEDQuadPackremainslitaftertheoperatingsystemloads.Onothersystems,
theLEDQuadPackturnsoffwhentheBIOSpassescontroltotheoperatingsystem.
DiagnosticLEDPatterns
ThemajorityofdiagnosticLEDpatternsdonothaveaonetoonerelationshipwithindividualPOST
tests.ThePOSTteststhemselvesareroughlygroupedintosetsaccordingtothecomponentstheyare
testing.ThesesetsoftestsformcategoriesaccordingtowhichanLEDpatternisthenassigned.Before
processingthetestswithinaset,thesystemdisplaystheLEDpatternforthatsetonthediagnosticLEDs.
AfterdisplayingtheLEDpattern,thesystemrunsthetestset,whichinitializesandchecksthe
functionalityofthosecomponentsincludedinthespecificcategory.
NOTE:AlthoughmanyofthePOSTtestsareexecutedinaspecificorder,theordermaynotstrictlybe
consistent.TheBIOSmayonlyexecuteoneortwoofthetestsinaset,moveontothenextsetandthen
returntothepreviousset.SomeoftheLEDcodesaredisplayedmultipletimesduringthePOSTprocess.
TheLEDpatternsstopchangingifasystemencountersafailureduringoneofitstests.
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SleepStatesandtheBootProcess
Thesleepstatesmostrelevanttothebootprocessare:
1. Standby(S1orS3)StandbyisalsocalledsuspendtoRAM.WindowsVistareferstoS3asSleep.
YoucantellthatthesystemisinstandbybytheblinkingPowerLED. OldersystemsaremorelikelytosupportS1,whichleavestheprocessorandmanyperipherals
fullypowered,thanS3.
MorerecentsystemsmaynotsupportS1. Eveniftheprocessormaybecompletelyoff,RAMispowered. Lossofpowerresultsinalossofallunsaveddata.ResumingfromStandbyinvolvesrestoringpowertotheprocessorandperipherals.Becausethe
operatingsystemisstillinRAM,thesystemdoesnotPOST,andtheoperatingsystemdoesnotload
again.
2. Hibernation(S4) ThePowerLEDisoff. EverythinginRAMisstoredinafileontheharddrive. Thesystemiscompletelypowereddown,exceptforfleapower.
ResumingfromHibernationrequiresanormalpoweronandPOST.WhentheBIOShandsover
controltotheoperatingsystem,itrestoresthecontentsofhibersys.dattoRAM.
3. Off(S5)The
Power
LED
is
off,
but
flea
power
is
still
being
supplied
to
the
system
board.
This
enables
peripheralssuchascertainNICsormodemstopoweronthesystem.
ThestandardbootprocessdescribedinthismoduledescribesbootingfromanS5state.
BeepCodesandErrorMessages
Youcanalsoreceiveindicationsaboutthebootprocessthrough:
Texterrormessages:Theerrormessagesprovideinformationaboutacurrentorpreviousbootfailure.
Beepcodes:Abeepcodeconsistsofthreeorfourgroupsofbeepsseparatedbypauses.Beepcodesrelaytheoffendingcheckpointinasituationwhenapreviousbootfailedbeforevideowas
initialized.
Theerrorcodeinformationprovidedbyerrormessagesand/orbeepcodescanbelookeduponline,
undertheappropriatesystemsusermanual.
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FaultIdentification
Objective
Aftercompletingthistopic,youwillbeabletoclassifyDellsystemfailures.
TroubleshootingbyIdentifyingFaults
Thefirststeptotroubleshootinganyproblemistocategorizethestageoffailure,whichcanbeoneof
thefollowingthreetypes:
NoPower:Occurswhenpowerisappliedandthesystemdoesnotreceiveasupplyorcirculateitcorrectly.
NoPOST:OccurswhenthesystemfailsanypartofPOST. NoBoot:Occurswhenthesystemfailstoboot.ThishappenswhentheBIOSfailstosuccessfully
handthecontroloftheremainingbootprocessovertotheoperatingsystemkernel.
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NOTE:Afterclassifyingthecategoryofasystemfailure,youneedtotakedecisivestepstowards
identifyingthecomponentsthatareresponsibleforthefailure.ThistaskismadeeasierwiththeDell
diagnosticfeatureset,suchasSystemLEDsandothererrorcodeinformation.Additionally,youshould,
wheneverpossible,refertoDSNbyusingthecategoryfailureasasearchstring,suchasGX280no
POSTorGX280NoPowerorGX280noBoot.
HowtoIdentifytheNoPowerFault
Youcandeterminethepowerstateofadesktopsystembycheckingtheconditionsofthefollowing
indicatorsandcomponents:
PowerLED:WhetherthepowerLEDisoff,greenoramber,andblinkingorsteady. Fleapowerindicator:WhetherthefleapowerLEDonthesystemboardison. Systemfan:Whetherthepowersupplyfanisturning. LEDQuadPack:WouldbeoffforapotentialNoPower.NOTE:Whentroubleshooting,thebestdecisionsresultfromusingallavailableinformation.Remember
tocheckallindicatorsandcheckyoursystemsUsersGuideorServiceManual.Alwaysincludeyourfindingsinyouronlinewarrantyrequest.
HowtoIdentifythePOSTStageFailure
YoucandeterminewhetheryoursystemhasfailedduringthePOSTroutinehardwaretestsbychecking
thefollowing
conditions:
Isthesystemreceivingpower? IsthepowerLEDoff,greenoramber,andblinkingorsteady? IsthefleapowerLEDonthesystemboardon? Isthepowersupplyfanturning? Whatstatusand/orerrorcodeinformationisdisplayedbytheLEDQuadPack?NOTE:TodeterminethecomponentsthatshouldhavebeentestedandinitializedduringthePOST
routinechecks,youneedtorecordanydisplayedLEDcodesandtranslatetheassociatedmeaning.This
informationisavailableintheappropriateonlinesystemmanual.
Givenanyfailure,youmustincludetheLEDpatternsdisplayedinyouronlinewarrantyrequestlogto
Dell.
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HowtoIdentifytheBootStageFailure
Bootingasystemisdefinedasloadingandpassingcontrolofthebootprocesstotheoperatingsystem
kernel.ThisisthefirstpieceofsoftwarerequiredtodisplaytheWindowsloginscreen.
Youcandetermineifyoursystemisfailingtobootproperlybycheckingthefollowingconditions:
Hasthesystemsuccessfullypoweredon? HasthesystempassedtheinitialPOSTchecks? Areyoureceivingavideosignalonthemonitor? Isthereanerrormessageonthemonitor? IsthereanybootablemediainthefloppydriveorCDROMdrive?NOTE:
Ifyouarereceivingavideosignalonthemonitor,asolidgreenpowerLEDindicatorandaGGGGorGGGY
on
the
Quad
pack,
there
is
ahigh
probability
that
you
are
not
going
to
need
to
troubleshoot
thisissueasanoPOST.
GGGGsignifiesthatthesystemhassuccessfullycompletedallPOSTchecksandGGGYindicatessystemactivitysubsequenttovideoinitialization.
TroubleshootingPower
Objective
Aftercompletingthistopic,youwillbeableto:
Identifypowerrelatedfaults. Establishguidelinesforthesuccessfultroubleshootingofpowerrelatedfaults.
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LEDStatesandCauses
ThefollowingtableprovidespossiblecausesforvariousstatesofthepowerindicatorsonOptiPlex,
VostroandPrecisionsystems.
PowerLED BackPanelLED PowerSupplyFan FleaPowerLED PossibleCauses
OFF OFF OFF OFF Systemnotpluggedin PSUunpluggedfromthesystemboard
Wallorpowerstripoutletfaulty
Powercordfaulty Powersupplyfaulty
Amber Misalignedfrontbezel Controlpanelfailure I/OpanelfailureCable
from
the
I/O
panel
to
thesystemboard
disconnectedorfaulty
Systemboardfaulty Powersupplyfaulty
Blinking
Amber
OFF OFF Amber Powersupplyfaulty Voltageselectorswitchincorrectlyset
VoltageRegulatorModule(VRM)failure(ifapplicable)
ON Amber Systemboardfaultypossiblyshorted
to
ground
AsolidgreenharddriveorEsupportLEDontheControl
PanelmayindicateaVRM
failure.
NOTE:OnOptiPlexandPrecisionWorkstationsystems,youcanalsochecktheLEDQuadPack.Vostro
systemsdonothaveanLEDQuadPack.
Troubleshootingthe
Environment
Related
Power
Faults
Totroubleshootasuspectpowerissue,firstyouneedtoverifywhetherthefaultisrelatedto
environmentalcomponents,suchasexternalpowersourceandintermediaryorconnectingdevices.To
dothis:
Verifytheexternalpowersourceorwallsocket. Verifytheintermediaryorconnectingdevicessuchasextensioncordsorsurgesuppressors.
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Thisverificationisperformedthroughpartsubstitutionand/ortestingwithknowngooddevicesonthe
sameoutletorconnectingdevice.
Troubleshooting
Power
outside
the
Chassis
Tryafewsimpletroubleshootingstepsbeforeopeningthechassis.
CheckthestatusofthepowerLEDandtheLEDQuadPack(onsystemsthathaveone). Determinewhetherthepowersupplyfanisspinning. Reseatthepowercord. Ifthesystemhasaswitchablepowersupply,unplugthepowercordandrocktheswitchtothe
incorrectpositionandthenbacktothecorrectsettingforyourregion.
Trythepowercordfromaworkingsystemordisplay. Ensurethatthebezelisalignedcorrectly.Improperbezelalignmentmaypreventthepowerbutton
fromactivating
the
system.
TroubleshootingPowerinsidetheChassis
Iftheproblempersistsaftercheckingenvironmentalandexternalsystemcauses,youneedtocheckthe
possibleinternalcauses.Todothis:
Openthecaseandperformavisualinspectionofthesystemboardanditscomponentsforabnormalitiesthatcouldhaveanimpactonthesystemsabilitytopoweron.
Checkthestatusofthefleapowerlight,componentsthatmaybedisconnected,andcablesorconnectorsthatmaybeincorrectlyseated.
Checkthepowerconnectionstothesystemboardandwhethertheprocessorfanoranyexpansioncardfansarespinning.
Reseatthepowerconnectiontothesystemboardandthendisconnectallpowerconnectorstothedrives.
ReseatthecablethatconnectstheI/Opaneltothesystemboardonbothends. IfthesystempowersonwhiletheI/Opanelisdisconnectedfromthesystemboard,determine
whetherthepowersupplyisfunctionalorthatthefaultlieswitheithertheI/Opanelanditscableor
thecontrolpanel.
ReseatthecircuitboardifthecableconnectingtotheI/Opanelisaccessible.Thecontrolpanelisthecircuitboardtowhichthepowerbuttonisconnected.ThisboardinturnconnectstotheI/O
panel.
NOTE:Rememberthefundamentalprincipleandobjectiveofanytroubleshootingmethodologyiscause
andeffect.Wearelookingtoidentifythataction(cause)whichresultsinachange(effect)ofsymptoms
and/orerrorcodeinformation.
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Forexample,ascorchedcomponentwouldvisiblyappearasifithasbeenburnt,eitherthrough
exposuretoheatorasuddenanduncontrolledburstofpower.Ifthisisthecase,youwillneedtocall
Dellsupportforadditionaladvice.
CheckingInternalComponents
Atthisstage,ifyouhavenotidentifiedthereasonfor
thefailuretopoweron,thefaultcouldbeduetoa
failingcomponent.Thetroubleshootingcheckscould
include:
Removeallcomponentsanddevicessuchasthedrives,thedrivedatacables,expansioncards,
riser,audioandMolexcablesthatdonotprevent
thesystem
from
receiving
power.
Testthesystemwithcauseandeffectinmindandfocusyourattentionontheremaining
components,suchasmemory,powersupply,
voltageregulatormodule(VRM),andprocessor.
Testthememorymodulesinisolationandindifferentslots,swappingthemwithknowngoodmemorymodules,ifpossible.
RemovethesecondprocessorandtheVRM,ifapplicable.Testeachprocessorindividually.Usesubstituteparts,ifnecessary.
SwapthepowersupplywithaknowngoodPSU,ifavailable.NOTE:IfthesystemhastwoprocessorsandaseparateVRM,youmustalsoremovethesecond
processorifyouneedtoremovetheVRM.AlwayscheckyoursystemsUsersGuideorServiceManualforspecificinstructions.
TroubleshootingSleepStates:NotEnteringSleepState
Totroubleshootasystemthatdoesnotenterasleepstate:
Determine
if
an
application
causes
the
failure.
Todetermineifanapplicationispreventingthesystemfromenteringasleepstate:
o Individuallycloseallapplicationsrunningintheforegroundorbackground,includingSystemTray(NotificationArea)applications.
o RemoveapplicationsfromtheStartUplocationsandrestartthesystem.o Ifthesystementerssleepmode,individuallyaddtheStartUpapplicationsandtest.
Determineifaperipheralordevicedrivercausesthefailure.
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Todetermineifaperipheraloritsdriverispreventingthesystemfromenteringasleepstate,check
theUsersGuideorServiceManualfortheperipheraltodetermineifitsupportssleepstates.Anyperipheralattachedtothesystemmaypreventthesystemfromenteringasleepstate.
Determineifanoperatingsystemsettingcausesthefailure.CheckforOperatingSystemsettingsthatmaynotbeconfiguredcorrectly,preventingS3sleep.
NotWakingUpfromSleepState
Anoncomplianthardwaredevice,faultyhardwareoradevicewitha
noncompliantdrivercanalsopreventasystemfromwakingup.Itis
veryunlikelythatanapplicationwillpreventasystemfromwakingup.
Totroubleshootthissituation:
Reseatsuspectdevices,swappingthepartwithaknowngoodcomponent
and
updating
the
device.
ChecktheBIOSSettings.IfthesleepingmodeintheBIOSissettoS1state,thesystemwillnotbeabletoenterS3state.
NOTE:TheWindows2000operatingsystemmustbeproperly
configuredintoallowcertaindevicestowakethesystem.
TroubleshootingPrePOST
Objective
Aftercompletingthistopic,youwillbeabletoidentifytheguidelinesfortroubleshootingprePOST.
CausesofPrePostFailure
Asystemfailurecanbecategorizedasapre
POSTstage
failure
if
the
system
cannot
processthesoftwarecodestoredinthe
BIOS.Possiblecausesofthisfailureare:
Processorfailure Systemboardfailure Installedcomponentsfailure
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DuringPOST,asystemcannotdetectortestthememory,riseroranyoftheintegratedcomponents
withoutexecutingtheBIOScode.
NOTE:Theriserisacircuitboardthatisalsoknownasarisercard.Itconnectsdirectlyintothesystem
boardandprovidesthecapabilityforadditionalexpansioncardstobeaddedtothecomputer.Theriser
istypically
available
in
desktop
systems.
Physicalseatingissuessuchasanincorrectlyseatedmemorymoduleorcableconnectorcouldcausethe
systemtofailprePOSTduetoashortintheelectriccircuit.
IdentifyingaPrePOSTFailure
ToidentifyaprePOSTfailure,checkthestatusofthefollowing:
PowerLEDThe
power
LED
shows
solid
amber.
LEDQuadPackTheLEDQuadPackisblank.
BeepCodesThereisnobeepcode.
PrePOSTComponents
AprePOSTfailurecanbeofthefollowingtwo
types:
Essentialcomponentfailure:Thisisduetofailureofcomponentsthatarerequiredfor
thesystemtoprocessdataatthemostbasic
level.Thisincludesthepowersupply,the
systemboard,theprocessorandthevoltage
regulatormodule(VRM).
Nonessentialcomponentfailure:Thisisduetofailureofcomponentsthatarenot
requiredfor
the
system
to
process
data
at
themostbasiclevel.Thisincludestheriser,
expansioncards,memorymodules,datacables,drivepowercables,audioandMolexcables,
processorfansandsystemcasefans.
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NOTE:Onmostsystems,theVRMisembeddedinthesystemboard.Somesystemsthathavetwo
processorsalsohaveadiscreteVRM.Onthesesystems,youmustalsoremovetheVRMwhenremoving
thesecondprocessorduringtroubleshooting.
Step1:CheckingtheObvious
TostarttroubleshootingaprePOSTfollowthesesteps:
1. Removeallperipherals.Removeallexternallyconnectedperipheralsordevices.Testthesystem,andifthesymptoms
change,oneofthosecomponentscouldberesponsibleforthefault.Addcomponentsback
individuallytoisolatetheoffendingpart.
2. Reseatthesystemprocessor/sandVRM.OpenthecaseandreseattheprocessorusingtheDellrecommendedprocedure.TesttheVRMand
secondprocessor,
ifapplicable,
through
reseating,
removal
or
substitution
(if
resources
permit).
Testthesystem.
Step2:CheckingInternalDrives,CablesandConnectionPoints
Ifalltheeffortsthusfarhaveproducednoresult,attempttoisolateorverifythefunctionalityofdrives,
cables,andconnectionpoints.
1. Reseatthepowersupplyconnectiontothesystemboard.2. Removeallpoweranddataconnectionstothesystemboard.Removealldrivesandtestthesystem.3. ReseatthecabletotheI/Opanelandtestthesystem.ChecktheI/Opanelagain.4. Verifytheseatingofallconnections.NOTE:Withthepowerleadconnected,thesystemwilltypicallypoweronwhentheI/Opanelis
disconnectedfromthesystemboard.IfthishappensbeforeremovingtheI/Opanel,thefailurecanbe
attributedtotheI/Opaneland/orthecableconnectingittothesystemboard.
Step3:SwappingComponents
Thelast
phase
of
troubleshooting
pre
POST
failures
includes
part
substitution
with
known
good
parts:
1. Swaptheremainingcomponentsonebyonewithknowngoodcomponents.BeginwiththosecomponentsrequiredforcompletionoftheprePOST.
2. Atthisstage,thecomponentsreferredtowouldtypicallybethememorymodulesandpossibletheprocessororVRM(ifapplicable).
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TroubleshootingPOST
Objective
Aftercompletingthistopic,youwillbeabletoidentifytheguidelinesfortroubleshootingPOSTfailures.
CauseforPOSTFailure
POSTfailureoccurswhenacomponentoraperipheralfailsthePOSTtestsorcausesthesystemtolock
up.
YoucanidentifythestateofthePOSTfailure,whichinturnassistsintheisolationofpotentialfailed
component/s,withthehelpof:
ThePowerLED DiagnosticLEDQuadPackcodes OnscreenPOSTerrorcodes Audiblebeepcodes
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NOTE:TheLEDcodes,POSTcodesandaudiobeepcodescanbelookedupintheonlineandsystem
specificmanualswithtroubleshootingassistanceavailablefromDSN.Thesoftwarecodethatdefines
andproducesthediagnosticLEDQuadPackpatterns,onscreenPOSTerrorsandbeepcodesisstoredin
theflashBIOScodeandisreadaspartoftheactualPOSTroutine.
TheLEDQuadPack,TextbasedPOSTCodes,andBeepCodes
YoucanusePOSTtestroutinesanderrorcodeinformationtoidentifythestageatwhichthePOST
processhasfailedorlocked,whichinturnassistsinisolatingandidentifyingthecomponent/sthathave
potentiallycausedthePOSTfailure.ThefollowingcharacteristicsofthePOSTprocesshelpyouachieve
this:
ThePOSTtestroutinesandcodesaredividedintoseveraldistinctphases,whichinturnarebasedonthecomponent/sbeingtested.
EachportionoftheroutineismadevisiblethroughabackpanelLEDpattern.ThismeansthattheLEDdisplaycodesandthechangestheycyclethroughmaptothedistinctPOSTphasesand
componentsbeingtestedduringthatphase.YoucanmonitorthePOSTcycleandtheresultantLED
changesduringeachroutine.
Anyerrorcode(LEDQuadPackLEDcodes,displayedtextmessages,beepcodes,oranycombinationofthese)canhelpidentifythestageoffailure.
AstheprocessorbeginsexecutingtheactualPOSTcode,itdisplaysanLEDQuadPackcodetoindicatetheportionoftheroutinethatiscurrentlybeingexecuted.
Asonetestfinishesandthenextonebegins,theLEDQuadPackcodechangestoindicatethenexttestset.
IfthesystemencountersaPOSTfailure,youcanisolatethecauseusingthesystemsUsersGuideorServiceManual,aswellastheDellSolutionNetwork(DSN),tosystematicallytroubleshootthefailure.
NOTE:NotallsystemshaveanLEDQuadPack.
WhatDoLEDsandBeepCodesIndicate?
TheLEDQuadPackisusedtovisiblydisplaythesystemsprogressthroughtherespectivePOSTroutines
inthe
following
ways:
AsaPOSTroutineexecuteswithobviouspausesforlongertests,theLEDQuadPackwillchangetodisplayadifferentsetofcodes.
Intheeventofafailure,eithertheLEDQuadPackcodeand/ortextbasedPOSTorbeepcodescanbeusedtoindicatetheroutinewherethePOSTprocessfailed.Inconjunctionwiththeonline
resources,youcanusethisinformationtoisolateandidentifythefailedcomponent/s.
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TheLEDQuadPackandtheroutineassociatedcodewillnotchangetothenextpatternwhenthesystemencountersafailureoralockupduringaPOSTtest.
AsolidgreenpowerLEDindicatesthattheprocessorhasbegunprocessingthePOSTtests.RefertotheUsersGuideorServiceManualforyoursystemforthemeaningofLEDQuadPackandbeepcodes.
NOTE:Whenasystemhasalargeamountofmemorytotest,thememorypatternwillbedisplayedfora
longerperiodbeforeproceedingtothenextpattern.ApauseinthePOSTLEDQuadPackchangedoes
notsignifyafault,butindicatesthatthetestcycleislonger.
HowtoIdentifyCausesofNoPOSTFailures
PowerLED LEDQuadPack Beepcode IdentifyingthePossibleCause
Solid
green
Blank
None
Beepcode Checkthebeepcodeandtroubleshoottheindicated
component.
LEDCode None ChecktheLEDcodeandtroubleshoottheindicated
component.
Beepcode CheckLEDandbeepcodesandtroubleshootthe
indicatedcomponent.
ThestatusofthepowerLED,thecodedisplayedbytheLEDQuadPack,thetextbasedPOSTcodesand
thebeepcodeshelpyouidentifythestageatwhichthePOSTfailurehasoccurred.Thisenablesyouto
identifythepotentiallyfaultycomponent.Youcansupplementandvalidateyourunderstandingofthe
componentstestedduringthatphasewithonlineresources,suchassystemmanualsandDSN.These
resourcesincludetipsandguidanceonemployingsuccessfultroubleshooting.ThepowerLEDistypically
solidgreenduringPOST.Youdoneedtobefamiliarwithaccessingandnavigatingthroughtheonline
resources,asyouneedtochecktheLEDcodeandthebeepcodetoidentifythePOSTstagefailure,and
possiblecomponent/scausingthefailure.
Step1:RemovingComponents
Check
the
status
of
the
LED
Quad
Pack,
power
LED,
and
any
other
valid
error
code
information
after
eachphaseordiscretestepofyourtroubleshootingstrategy.Thishelpsintheidentificationofchanges
insymptomscausedbyyouraction.YoucancheckthestatusofLEDsorerrorcodesafterremovingand
testing.
Peripheralsconnectedtothesystemortheexternalinterfaces:Keyboard,mouse,networkcables,parallel,serialandUSBdevicesandthemonitor
Nonessentialcomponents:
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Drivesandtheirassociatedpoweranddatacables,Molexcables,risercards(ifapplicable)and
expansioncards
WARNING:Alwaysreadtheonlineservicemanualforyoursystembeforeattemptingtoremoveor
replaceparts,astheycontaincriticalsafetyinformation.Additionally,beforeremovingany
components,remove
the
power
cable
and
ensure
that
the
flea
power
light
is
drained
before
proceeding.
Step2:CheckingthePowerSource,thePSU,andItsConnectingLeads
Tocheckpowersupplytothesystem,youdothefollowing:
Verifythatalltheconnectorswereproperlyseatedandthatthereisnopindamage. Reseatthepowerconnectortothesystemboard. Inspectthemotherboardforvisibledamageorscorching. Removeallpowerconnectionstoinstalleddrives. RemovethecableconnectingthesystemboardtotheI/Opanel.Thesystemmaypoweronifthe
powercordleadingintothebackofthesystemispluggedin.Ifthesystempowerson,theI/OPanel
orthecableconnectingtheI/OPaneltothesystemboardcouldbefaulty.
Swapthepowercordwithareliableoneandverifyseatingofallconnections. Checkfordamageorbentpinsinanyconnectors. Verifythatareliablepowersourceisused.Ifpossible,testaknowngooddeviceatthepowerpoint. Removeallextensioncords,powerstrips,andadapters. Swapthepowercordwithareliableone.NOTE:
Ifthefailurecoincidedwithapowerspikeorlightningstrike,therepairmaynotbecoveredbythe
warranty.Remembertodocumenteverythinginyouronlinesupportrequest.
Step3:ReseatingandSubstitutingComponents
TroubleshootingnoPOSTfaultsthroughpartsubstitutionwithknowngoodpartscouldbethefirststep
youemploy
in
your
strategy.
Such
astrategy
may
involve:
Swappingthosepartsnotyettestedwithknowngoodcomponents. SwappingtheVRM,ifapplicable,andtestingtheprocessor(s). Reseatingtheprocessorifyouarenotcomfortableremovingit. Swappingthepowersupplytothesystem.
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Troubleshootinginconjunctionwithguidanceavailableonlinemakesforamoresoundandeffective
methodology.Forthis,useandrefertothemanualsandfollowDSN.Alwaysprovideaconcise,stepby
stepdescriptionofyourtroubleshootingprocesswhensubmittinganonlinewarrantyrequest.
NOTE:Onmostsystems,theVRMisembeddedinthesystemboard.Somesystemsthathavetwo
processorsalso
have
adiscrete
VRM.
On
these
systems,
you
must
also
remove
the
VRM
when
removing
thesecondprocessorduringtroubleshooting.
Step4:RemovingInstalledMemoryModules
Memorytroubleshootinginvolves:
SwappingthemodulewithaknowngoodmoduleifthePOSTroutineerrorcodeinformationhighlightsthepossibilitythatthestagefailurecouldbeattributedtoamemoryfailure.
Testing
the
memory
in
its
original
modules
independently
and
testing
all
slots,
or
substituting
with
knowngoodmodules(preferred).
CheckingthestatusoftheLEDsaftereachactionandlisteningforaudiblebeeps,whichareprogrammedtohighlightcertainmemoryeventsand/orfailures.
Generallyifthesystemmemoryisremovedandtheerrorcodeinformationsupportsthataction,the
systemboardandprocessorareruledoutasfaultycomponents.
NOTE:Youalsoneedtoconsiderthememorytechnology,suchasDDR1,DDR2,RDRAMandDual
channel,becausethisimpactsonthestrategyyouemploy.Alwaysconsulttheonlineandsystemspecific
manual,anduseDSNifpossible.
TroubleshootingSystemActivitySubsequenttoVideoInitialization
Objective
Aftercompletingthistopic,youwillbeabletoidentifyguidelinesfortroubleshootingsystemactivity
subsequenttovideoinitialization.
SystemActivitySubsequenttoVideoInitialization
TheLEDcodeusedtosignifythesystemactivitysubsequenttovideoinitializationtypeoffailure
appearsquitevague.However,understandingwherethecodefitsinthePOSTroutineandknown
causesfortheerrorcanhelpclarifythesefailures.
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The1234Code
The1234code:
IsthelastpatterndisplayedontheLEDQuadPack.
IndicatesthattheBIOShasrelinquishedcontroloftheboot
process.
IndicatesthatthesystemhascompletedPOSTandpassedcontrolto
theoperatingsystem.
NOTE:OnoldersystemsthecompletioncodeisshownasABCD.SinceallfourLEDsaregreen,thiscode
maybedescribedasGGGG.
Codemeaning
can
vary
by
system.
Refer
to
the
UsersGuideorServiceManualforyoursystem.
The123Code:
The123CodeappearsontheLEDQuad
Packimmediatelybeforethe1234code
duringasuccessfulboot.Ifthecode
remainsontheLEDQuadPack:
ThesystemcompletedPOSTbutfailedtohandovercontroltotheoperating
system.
Anerrormessageprobablyappearsonthedisplaytohelpyoustart
troubleshootingthebootfailure.
NOTE:OnoldersystemsthecompletioncodeisshownasABC.SincethefirstthreeLEDsaregreenand
thefourthisyellow(amber)thiscodemaybedescribedasGGGY.
Codemeaningcanvarybysystem.RefertotheUsersGuideorServiceManualforyoursystem.
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Troubleshootingthe123Code
The123orGGGYcodecanappearforavarietyofproblemsrangingfromthekeyboardtothesystem
board.
Starttroubleshootingthiscodebyconsideringthemostlikelycomponentstocausetheissue:anIDEorSATAdrive.
Considertheerrormessageonthemonitor,ifapplicable,forconfirmationandthenproceedtothoroughlytroubleshootthestoragedevices.
Forexample:Asystemdisplaystheerrormessage:PrimaryDrive0notfound,PressF1tocontinue,F2
toenterSetup.TheLEDQuadPackcodeis123becausethebootprocesshasbeeninterrupted.To
troubleshootthisproblem,youcoulduseNobootasyourDSNsearchstringandfocusyour
troubleshootingondriverelatedissuessuchascorruptionorafailuretodetectthedrive.
TroubleshootingDisplayIssues
Objective
Aftercompletingthistopic,youwillbeabletoidentifyguidelinesfortroubleshootingvideoissues.
Identifying
the
Display
Type
Thethreedisplaytypesinuseare:
CathodeRayTube(CRT):Anolderdisplaytechnologysimilartoanoldtypetelevisionthatusesalarge,heavytubeand
chargedphosphorstorenderanimage
FlatScreenMonitor:AslightlyimprovedCRTwithaflatfrontglasstoreducedistortionoftheimage
FlatPanelDisplay(LCD):Athin,energyefficientdisplaywitha1to1ratioofpixels
NOTE:CRTandLCDbothrefertothetechnologyusedtocreateanimageonthescreenofthedisplay
unit.Althoughbothtermstechnicallyrefertoacomponentofthedisplayunit,theyarecommonlyused
torefertothewholeunit.
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DisplayTroubleshootingProcedure
Aswithotherdevices,troubleshootingdisplayissuesisamatterofdrillingdowntotherootcause.
Thesefactorssimplifytheprocess:
Youshouldneveropenthechassisofadesktopdisplayunit. Youaretroubleshootingasubsystem,soyouhavefewercomponentstocheck. Mostdisplaysincorporatesometypeofselftest.
TroubleshootingCRTs
DSNandtheCRTUsersGuideorServiceManualallprovidespecificinformationtroubleshootingCRTs.Althoughdetailscanvarybyunit,thefollowingstepsprovideageneraltroubleshootingprocedure:
1. Runtheselftest.2. Testtheonscreendisplay(OSD).3. Checkthesettings.4. Checkallconnections.5. Checkthevideocard.(Notdiscussedinthistopic)6. Checkthedrivers.(Notdiscussedinthistopic)
RunningtheCRTSelfTest
Likecomputers,
most
CRTs
run
aself
test
when
you
power
them
on.
The
form
of
the
test
and
its
results
canvarywidelybyCRT.
AlwaysrefertotheUsersGuideorServiceManualforyourCRTtointerprettheresultsofthetest.
Settings
YoucanadjusttheCRTssettingsintwoplaces:
TheDisplayPropertiesControlPanelappletcontrolshowtheoperatingsystemattemptstocommunicatewiththeCRT.
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o ResolutionssettoohighfortheCRTtohandlemaycauseanOutofScanRangeerrortodisplay.
o OnolderCRTs,settingtheresolutionorrefreshratetoohighcanburnouttheCRT.
TheCRTsOnscreenDisplay(OSD)isasimplemenutocontroltheCRTsbasicinternalsettings.
o BecauseCRTsdonotnecessarilyuseaonetoonerationofresolutiontopixels,youcanusethesesettingstoforcetheCRTtodisplaysome
unsupportedresolutions.Theresultsmaynotappeartobefocused.
o Ifyouaretroubleshootingavideoissue,buttheOSDdisplayscorrectly,theproblemprobablystemsfromdriversorsettingsintheoperatingsystem.IftheOSDdoesnotdisplaycorrectly,the
CRTprobablyhasaninternalfailureandshouldbereplaced.
CRTConnections
MostDellCRTshaveonlytwoconnections:
ThepowercordPrimarilyforpowerissues,youcan:
o MakesurethepowercordispluggedsecurelyintotheCRTandthepowersource.o Removeanyextraneouspointsoffailure,suchaspowerstrips.o TryaknowngoodpowercordfromanotherCRTorsystem.
TheVGAconnectiono Reseattheconnectionatthevideocard.o OnmostDellCRTs,thevideocableishardwiredtotheCRT,soyoucannotusuallytryaknown
goodvideocable.
SomeDellCRTsweremarketedasMultimediaDisplays.TheseCRTsmayincorporateembedded
speakers,microphones,orconnectionstospeakersandmicrophones.
TroubleshootingLCDs
DSNand
the
LCDs
UsersGuideorServiceManualallprovidespecific
informationontroubleshootingLCDs.
Althoughdetailscanvarybyunit,thefollowingstepsprovideageneral
troubleshootingprocedure:
1. Runtheselftest.
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2. Testtheonscreendisplay(OSD).3. Checkthesettings.4. Checkallconnections.5. Checkthevideocard.(Notdiscussedinthistopic)6. Checkthedrivers.(Notdiscussedinthistopic)
RunningtheLCDSelfTest
DSNandtheLCDsUsersGuideorServiceManualallprovidespecificinformationontroubleshootingLCDs.
AlwaysrefertotheUsersGuideorServiceManualforyourLCDforinstructionsonrunningandinterpretingselftest.
You
may
also
find
an
LCDs
self
test
referred
to
as
the
Built
in
Self
test
or
BIST.
ToruntheselftestonmanyLCDs:
1. PoweroffboththesystemandtheLCD.2. Disconnectallvideocablesfromthesourcedevice,usuallythesystem.3. PowerontheLCD.NOTE:Notallinputsmaybetested.Forexample,theDell2405FPWUltraSharpFlatPaneldoesnottest
forSVideocompositevideoorcomponentvideomodes.
Settings
YoucanadjusttheLCDssettingsintwoplaces:
TheDisplayPropertiesControlPanelappletcontrolshowtheoperatingsystemattemptstocommunicatewiththeLCD.
BecausetheLCDsnativelyuseaonetoonerelationshipofresolutiontopixels:
o SettingaresolutionlowerthantheLCDsnativeresolutionmayresultinablurredimage.o SettingaresolutionhigherthantheLCDsnativeresolutionmayresultinatruncatedorscrolled
image,dependingonhowtheoperatingsystemandthedriverinterpretthesettings.
TheLCDsOnScreenDisplay(OSD)isasimplemenutocontroltheLCDsbasicinternalsettings.If
you
are
troubleshooting
avideo
issue,
but
the
OSD
displays
correctly,
the
problem
probably
stems
fromdriversorsettingsintheoperatingsystem.IftheOSDdoesnotdisplaycorrectly,theLCD
probablyhasaninternalfailureandshouldbereplaced.
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LCDConnections
MostDellLCDshaveonlymultimediainputsand
outputsrangingfromVGA(sub)toHighdefinition
MediaInterface(HDMI).SomeLCDsalsofunctionas
USBhubs.
Eventhoughyouhavemoreconnectionstocheck,the
basictroubleshootingprocedureremainsthesame:
reseatconnectionsandtryknowngoodcables.