Derek's book

Design and Construction ProposalAfrica Resear ch and E xchange Academy

Kumbo , Ca mer oon

J o u r n e y m a n I n t e r n a t i o n a l , I n c .

F A R N O R T H

N O R T H

A D A M A W A

C E N T R E

E A S T

S O U T H

L I T T O R A L

W E S T

N O R T H W E S T

S O U T HW E S T

E A R T H

T H AT C H L E A V E S

WO O D B A M B O O

S T O N E

VERNACULAR DIVERSITY

B A U M A M

K O T O K O

M O U N D A N G

F O U L B E

M U S G U M

M A S A

P Y G M Y F U L A N I

M O F U T I K A R

B A N T U

5.91 MIL

ES [9.5

KM]

20

17.05 MILES [27

.4 KM]

CATHEDRAL

MBVEH MARKET

UGANDA

SITE 366 ACRES

N G O - K E T U N J I A

M B I A M E

N K U M

N O N I

O K U

D Z A K W A

M E Z A M

M OM O

B O Y O

B U I

D O N G A - M A N T U N G

NORTHWESTREGION

M E N C H U M

K U M B O

BAMENDA

NKAMBE

S I T E

S I T E

MT. OKU9,879 f t

KUMBO

Cameroon has been know as Africa in Miniture because of its highly diverse culture and geogrpahy. Cameroon is slightly larger than the state of california and contains roughtly half the population at 20 and a half million people. Cameroon is bordered by 6 countries and Atlantic Ocean to the west. The country is broken up into 10 regions and inside each of these regions are divsions and communes. There are 315 communes in total.

ABOUT KUMBOThe capital of the Bui-Division is Kumbo, a hilly settlement situated 6500 ft above sea level. It is a mountainous town with three hilly villages. Tobin to the east is the adminstrative sector of the town, Mvbeh to the north is the commercial center, and Squares is the residential hub for the town. Kumbo is also the capital of the Nso Kingdom, of the traditional local Nso people of the Bamenda Grasslands. The Fon or king of Nso is located in Kumbo and his palace is situated in Squares. The Fon palace is the hearth of Kumbos social, political, and cultural activities.

P i c o d e S o To m 6 , 6 4 0 F T

M o u n t C a m e ro o n1 3 , 4 3 5 F T

P i c o B a s i l 9 , 8 7 8 F T

P i c o d e P r n c i p e3 , 1 1 0 F T

A D A M A W A

S O U T H

L I T T O R A L

W E S T

N O R T H W E S T

S O U T HW E S T

C A M E R O O N

M o u n t O k u9 , 8 7 9 F T

N I G E R I A

M o u n t M a n e n g o u b a7 , 9 1 0 F T

CAMEROON DAY 1-4

DOUALA

BAMENDA

KUMBO

BOYO

LIMBE

SQUARES

TOBIN

MBVEH

TO BALEM

BAMBUI

SHISHONG

BAMBUI

KUMBO DAY 5-10

0 100 400

SCALE200

0 100 400

SCALE200

AGUA INC

HUTS

HOUSES

CONSTRUCTEDWETLANDFILTRATION

APT.

ENTRY

GYM

SERVICES

YOGA

SPA

RESTAURANT

POOL

LOUNGE

OFFICECONFERENCE

WATER

ENERGY

HOUSING

ROOF DESIGN:MOUNT OKU

RAIN CATCHMENT

MAIN COMPLEX

BEES

CHICKEN

STABLES

AGRICULTURECENTER

WATER CATCHMENT

CLASSROOMS

C O M P L E X

A F R I C A N R E S E A R C H A N D E X C H A N G E A C A D E M Y

L E I S U R ER E S I D E N C E S S U P P O R T

CONFERENCE HALL AMENITIES SERVICES

REST

ROOM

S

SHOP

PING

LOUN

GE

CAFE

LIBR

ARY

REST

AURA

NT

CHEC

K-IN

SECU

RITY

HEAL

TH

OFFI

CES

DORM HUT HOUSE APT.

FITNESS EXPLORE ENJOY

GYM

WEI

GHT

ROOM

YOGA

STU

DIO

BICY

CLE

ROOM

LOCK

ER R

OOM

GARD

ENS

OUTD

OOR

EXER

CISE

CONS

TRUC

TED

BIKE

PAT

HS

POOL

AND

SPA

CROP

S

NATU

RAL

POOL

BEES

POUL

TRY

LIVE

STOC

K

ELEC

TRIC

ITY

PARK

ING

PATH

WAY

S

PIPI

NG

WAS

TE

WAT

ER

AGRICULTURE SUSTAINABILITY INFRASTRUCTURE

w

wGAZOGEN INC. STEAM ENERGY

AFRICAN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE PRGORAM (ASAP)

IDEPENDENT POWERSYSTEMS (IPS) SOLAR/WIND ENERGY

UNIVERSITYSTUDENTS

AFRICANUNION

PEACECORPS

HIGH SCHOOLSTUDENTS AGUA INC.

WATER TREATMENT

SUMMER SOLSTICE (JUNE 21)

VERTICAL POINT(APRIL 6: 12:23)

WINTER SOLSTICE (DECEMBER 21)

SUMMER SOLSTICE APRIL 6: HIGHEST POINT WINTER SOSLTICE LOWEST POINT

AMPM

AMPM

72.3 60.5

11+ MPH9-10 MPH7-8 MPH5-6 MPH2-4 MPH1 MPH

S

E

N

W

A N N U A L W I N D R O S E

50F

60F

80F

70F

90F

J

J

MONTH F

F

M

M

A

A

M

M

J

J

J

J

A

A

S

S

O

O

N

N

D

D

4 in

8 in

12 in

16 in

SITE ANALYSIS

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

EXISITING SITE: 8 SLOPE

WATER FILTRATION + GARDENSORIENTATED WITH THE TOPOGRAPHY

MAIN COMPLEX DESIGN IS INFLUENCED FROM THE TRADITIONAL MUSGUM HUT COMPOUND PLAN ARRANGEMENTS

MUSGUM PLAN

PRECEDENTS

HOUSING STEPS DOWN THE SITE AND IS ARRANGED IN A 32 ANGLE TOWARDS THE CITY OF KUMBO

ENTIRE CENTER IS BLENDED WITH THE TERRAIN AND IS REMINISCENT OF THE VOLCANIC LANDSCAPE AND LAVA FLOWS

CAMEROON VOLCANIC LINE

TYPICAL CONSTRUCTION

COMPRESSED STABILIZED

EARTH BLOCK(STEB)

CONCRETE FLOOR SLAB

LOCAL VOLCANIC STONE

INTERIORPLASTER

PROGRAM

ALONGSIDE AGUA INC, A SUSTAINABLE WATER COMPANY BASED IN BOULDER COLORADO WHO PROVIDE SYSTEMS OF WATER FILTRATION THROUGH NATURAL CYCLES OF PLANTS. A CONSTRUCTED WETLAND SIMILAR TO A LIVING MACHINE WILL BE CONSTRUCTED ON THE SITE AND WILL FOLLOW THE NATURAL TOPOGRAPHY FOR GRAVITY FILTRATION.

AREA WILL BE REQUIRED TO PRODUCE ALL OF THE ELECTRICTY ON SITE PRIMARILy tHROUGH SOLAR, WIND, AND BIO-MASS SYSTEMS

AGRICULTURE WILL PLAY A BIG ROLE IN THE SUCCESS OF AREA. SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTUAL PROCESSES WILL IMPLEMENTED AND TAUGHT. THE LOCAL CROPS WILL BE USED FOR FOOD FOR THE COMPLEX AND ALSO SOLD BACK TO THE CITY.

WATER

ELECTRICITY


AGRICULTURE

TIERED WATER FILTRATION

SITE GOALS

EDUCATIONAL WATER STORAGE

MACROPHYTE PLANT

TIERED STEPS THATFOLLOWS THE CONTOURS OF THE HILL

COVERED INTAKE

CONSTRUCT A WATER CATCHMENT

PROVIDE EFFICIENT PUMPING AND PIPING TO COMPLEX

CREATE WATER FILTRATION AND TREATMENT PLANT ON SITE

EDUCATE THE VISITORS

HARVEST RAINWATER AND STORE IN CISTERNS FOR LATRE USE AND

RECYCLE WASTE GREY WATER

NATURAL FLOWOF WATER

CARBON PREFILTER

HAND PUMP

PREFAB CISTERNSEMBEDED IN WALL

BIO-SAND FILTER

CAMEROON

F A R N O R T H

N O R T H

A D A M A W A

C E N T R E

E A S T

S O U T H

L I T T O R A LD U A L A

G A R O U A

K U M B O

Y A O U N D E

W E S T

N O R T H W E S T

S O U T HW E S T

CLIMATEREGIONS5

MOUNTAIN ANDHIGHFIELD

SAHEL

SAVANNAH

TROPICAL HUMID

FOREST

E Q U A T O R

REGIONS

DEPARTMENTS

COMMUNES

POPULATION

20,549,221

CAMEROON

AREA sq mi 183,569

1058

315

The African Research and Exchange Academy [AREA] is a real project that is both a social

enterprise and a non-profit orgazization with operations occuring in Boulder, Colorado and

the state-of-the-art campus to be built just outside of Kumbo, Cameroon. Dr. Ajume Wingo

founded AREA on the belief that a meaningful life for any human being is a life of responsibility

to others and to the planet that sustains human life. By partnering with individuals, organizations,

and business around the world that share the common vision of supporting and sustaining the

development of the human intellect in order to make possible a fulfilling life for this and future

generations, The campus in Kumbo, Cameroon will be a place where a broad collection of

students, artists, writers, thinkers, technological innovators, etrepreneurs, kings and queens,

polital activists, and so on would gather from all over Africa and the world for the cross-

pollination and collaboration of ideas to bring elicit change locally and globally. AREA will

offer state-of-the-art facilities in Kumbo, Cameroon to its partners and clients that are designed

to meet their diverse needs. These facilities facilities include residences, office spaces, conference

halls, and classrooms for workshops and instruction, leisure facilities for health and enjoyment,

and sustainable and econmic infrastuctures. Construction is planned to begin in May of 2015 and

and projected to open officially open in the summer of 2020. Infrastructure of Water, Energy,

Agriculture, and Waste is central to the operationations and success of AREA. AREA in short, is

an educational center for the advance of sustainable practices and a cultural center and resort.

AFRICAN RESEARCH AND EXCHANGE ACADEMY

2 AREA CAMEROON | DEREK MCFARLAND

NOTE FROM DESIGNER

As a student, I am constantly questioning the idea that there is more to this world than just designing for the 1% in the western world. How can my architectural talents be used to further humanity and change the world. After four years of intense architectural practice and theory resulting in nothing physical to show for, I desire my thesis year to be spent towards something great. I am proud to say, that alongside Journeyman International, I will be serving as the Architectural Designer for the African Research and Exchange Academy (AREA) project in rural Kumbo, Cameroon. This project marks the first time that I will be able to utilize my skills and talents for the making of a better world. I am extremely exciting for this amazing opportunity and I believe it will become a turning point in my architectural path. The book you are holding represents my initial research for AREA and I am looking forward to presenting the final design soon. In the coming months, our team will be hard at work to bring this project to life at full scale. Please stay in touch.

Sincerely,

Derek McFarland

3FORWARD

CONSTRUCT


TEAMSUMMARY

RESEARCH

DESIGN

CONSTRUCT

PRECEDENT

Executive Summary 8

Project Teams 10

Project Research 16Africa in Miniature 18People of Cameroon 20About Cameroon 22Economics of Cameroon 26About Kumbo, Cameroon 30Culture of Kumbo 36Climate 42Volcanic Line 44Vernacular Architecture 46Water in Kumbo 48Electricity/Waste in Kumbo 54

Project Precedents 56

Project Design 70AREA 72Site Context 76Site Analysis 82Program 84Preliminary Design 90Conceptual Design 92Final Design 100

Typical Wall Construction 130Project Cost Estimation 132Construction TImeline 136

5FORWARD

JOURNEYMAN INTERNATIONAL - Design and Project Management - Daniel Wiens, Steph Fellows, Andrew Goodwin

LOCATION: Kumbo, North West, Cameroon POPULATION: 20,549,221 SLOGAN: Africa in Miniature CLIMATE: Dry Season (Mar -Oct) Wet Season (Nov-Feb) REGIONS: 10 Regions, 58 Departments, 315 Communes CURRENCY: Central African Franc RELIGION: Mostly Catholic Christian LANGUAGE: English and French

LOCATION: Operations - Boulder, Colorado Campus - Kumbo, Cameroon GOALS Water: collection, distribution, and treatment Energy: affordable, reliable, and renewable Agriculture: sustainable, efficient Health: nutrition, food, water, sanitation Social Enterprise: to improve well-being

AFRICAN RESEARCH & EXCHANGE ACADEMY - Non-profit and social venture based in Boulder, Colorado - Dr. Ajume Wingo, Eric Wirba


DESIGN: African Vernacular and Volcanic Influence SQUARE FOOTAGE: 111,900 SF PROGRAM: Conferences, Research labs, Recreation, Housing, Amenities, etc WATER: Water collection, treatment, and storage facilities ENERGY: Solar power and Bio-Mass facilities AGRICULTURE: Livestock, Crops, Bees facilities MATERIALS: Concrete, Local Stone, Rammed Earth, Light Steel, Green Roofs

TOTAL PROJECT COST: $39, 979, 400 PHASE ONE TIMELINE: begin: 01/2015, complete phase one: 01/2019 PHASE TWO TIMELINE: complete phase two: 01/2020

LOCATION: 6 Miles North-East of Kumbo, Cameroon SIZE: 366 Acres LANDSCAPE: High Mountains, rocky/volcanic, grazing lands CLIMATE: Strong east winter winds, 60 inches per year of rain EXISTING: Neighboring personal houses and gardens

7PROJECT TEAM

9PROJECT DATA

PROJECT TEAMS

JOURNEYMAN INTERNATIONALThe Journeyman International vision was launched with the intent of filling the expertise void between international NGOs and the new facilities they construct. While developing a dental clinic in Belize as a senior project, a group of architecture and environmental design students from Cal Poly University began recognizing the potential to fill this need with a construction focused non-profit endeavor. Since filing for incorporation in 2009, Journeyman International has designed an orphanage in Mexico, a development center in Zambia, a dental clinic in Belize, and many many more. These projects were a catalyst and we are just getting started.

OBJECTIVES

Partner with reputable NGOs and design construct humanitarian facilities.

Relieve the construction burden of partnered NGOs, allowing them to focus on their mission.

Introduce economically feasible Green construction fundamentals in the developing world.

BUSINESS MODELIn close partnership with several universities, the Journeyman business model relies heavily on the talent and labors of architecture, engineering, and project management students. By capitalizing on student thesis senior projects, and accredited internships from Californias best technical schools, the Journeyman business model thrives. These circumstances result in a higher quality of effort, research and passion than we find in the professional industry. All student projects are then review by licensed and professional tradesman.

1

2

3

J I AREA

1 0 AREA CAMEROON | DEREK MCFARLAND

In specifics, Journeyman provides the following services:

Feasibility study - The Journeyman team assesses if the project can be constructed at the specified location, overcoming all logistical concerns within the projected budget.

Costs data analysis - Journeyman teams travel to the project location to procure material, labor and equipment price data. This step is crucial for developing an accurate estimate in a developing nation.

Conceptual Project Estimate - Prior to any official construction documents, J.I. assesses the project details to formulate a line item projection of the project costs.

Research - A Journeyman team will spend hundreds of hours researching the site, region, feasibility of project goals, and cultural considerations required for project success.

Schematic Design - Journeyman designers will develop schematic design concepts for the owner and officials to review.

Final Design - Journeyman designers will create construction ready plans and specifications.

Construction analysis - The Journeyman project management team will develop the project schedule, budget, contracts, site logistics maps, safety plan, storm water pollution prevention plan, and evacuation plan.

Project Management - Journeyman will send a full time project manager to the field.

Grant Proposal - The Journeyman team will develop an extensive grant proposal for the project.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

SERVICESDaniel Wiens - President

Steph Fellows - Operations

Andrew Goodwin - RED Studio

Serhino Espinosa - RED Studio

Derek McFarland - Designer

1 1PROJECT TEAM

PROJECT TEAMS

AFRICAN RESEARCH & EXCHANGE ACADEMY

African Research & Exchange Academy (AREA) engages innovators in the making of a better world. They promote audacity in individuals to rise and face challenges. To that end, they bring together talented people with the resolve to initiate, develop, and realize tangible solutions for a brighter tomorrow.

They offer residencies to regional and international scholars, leaders, artists, writers, and thinkers. They also provide educational and cultural opportunities to local and international high school students.

AREA consists of two entities: a social enterprise and a non- profit artists residency. Both are based in Boulder, Colorado with operations at the central campus in Kumbo, Cameroon.

AREA partners with individuals, organizations, and businesses from around the world to fill the voids left by unsuccessful approaches that unduly fragment human problems into pieces making them difficult, if not impossible, to resolve.

AREA fosters and promotes innovative solution to human problems. AREA offers state- of- the- art facilities in Kumbo, Cameroon to its partners and clients that are designed to meet their diverse needs.

AREA facilities include residences, office spaces, conference halls, and classrooms for workshops and instruction.

AREA partners with individuals, organizations, and businesses that share a common vision of economically and ecologically sustainable development.

1 4

2 5

3 6

J I AREA

AREA MAJOR PILLARS

Student exchange Agriculture: sustainable and efficient agricultural practices

Water: collection, distribution and treatment of water

Health: nutrition, food, water, sanitation, and health education

Energy: affordable, reliable, and renewable energy resources

Innovative solutions


Ajume Wingo born in Nso in the North West Province of Cameroon. He attended Cameroon College of Arts, Science and Technology (CCAST) Bambili where he studied History, Economics and Geography. He also attended the University of Yaounde, Cameroon where he studied law at the Faculty of Law and Economics. He obtained his BA from the University of California Berkeley and an MA (1995) and PhD (1997) from the University of Wisconsin Madison. He is currently an Associate Professor of Philosophy and the Director of the Center for Values and Social Policy at the University of Colorado at Boulder and an Associate of the W.E.B. Du Bois Institute at Harvard.

Eric Wirba, Assistant Director of AREA, is a principal in the development and operations of AREA Cameroon. Eric, who grew up in the Kumbo region with his brother Ajume, has worked in the past on international humanitarianism, serving as operations director of the Himalayan Institute, Cameroon. He was critical in getting the institute Cameroon operations up and running. Eric has also specialized as a consultant in food and health matters. Eric is deeply satisfied to be a part of a multicultural team, where people from different races and cultures gather together to benefit each other, their communities, and our collective knowledge.

Ajay Kumar Paplu is the Operations Manager for AREA. He is also responsible for business and sustenance operations at the Cameroon site. Ajay, an attorney by trade, hails from Jharkhand, a state in Indias Eastern region.

Dr. Ajume WingoFounder/President

Eric Wirba Assistant Director

Ajay Kumar PapluOperations Manager

1 3PROJECT TEAM

1 5PROJECT DATA

REGIONS

DEPARTMENTS

COMMUNES

CLIMATEREGIONS

AREA sq mi 183,569

1058

3155

1500s1300s0200 BC 1884 1913 1916

MANDARAKINGDOM

FOUMBANKINGDOM

FIRST BANTUTRIBES SETTLE

IN LAND

HISTORY

GERMANS COLONIZE

E Q U ATO R

R E L I G I O N D E M O G R A P H I C S

N A T I O N A L F L A G

KUMBOESTABLISHED

ALLIES DROVE OUT

GERMANS

GREEN FOR FORESTS

RED FOR UNITY

YELLOW FOR SUN AND SAVANNAHS

STAR OF UNITY

CAMERO

ON

HIG

HLA

ND

ERS

EQUATORIAL BANTU

KIRDI

NIG

RITIC

NW

BAN

TU T

ULAN

IOTHER

AFRICAN

ETHNIC GROUPS

Cameroon has been know as Africa in Miniature because of its highly diverse culture and geography. Cameroon is slightly larger than the state of California and contains roughly half the population at 20 and a half million people. Cameroon is bordered by 6 countries and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The country is broken up into 10 regions and inside each of these regions are divisions and communes. There are 315 communes in total. Cameroon has a very diverse landscape because it holds five different climate regions. The forests, mountains, tropics, savannahs, and the Sahel. It is also know for its extremely bio-diverse plant and animal life.

AFRICA IN MINIATURE


CAMEROON

CHAD

NIGER

NIGERIA

C. A. R.

CONGO

1959 1961 1972 1986 1994-19961919

E Q U A T O R

FRENCHINDEPENDENCE

CAMEROONFEDERATION

UNITED REPUBLIC

OF CAMEROONNIGERIA AND

CAMEROON CLASH OVER OIL

BRITISH ANDFRENCH

OCCUPY LAND

1 7PROJECT DATA

MT. CAMEROON13,435 ft


SAVANNAH

SAHEL

TROPICAL HUMID

FOREST

The population total in Cameroon was 20,549,221 in 2012. The average life-span is 53.7 years with 40.5% under the age of 15, 56.2% between the age of 15-60, and only 700,000 people over the age of 60. Cameroons population is evenly divided between urban and rural dwellers with its highest density in urban settings such as Douala, Yaound, and Garoua. Over 250 ethnic groups live in Cameroons 10 provinces. Across the different regions, communities have an allegiance to local chiefs, know as Fondoms, as well as being ruled by central government In the northern regions, the Fulani are the dominate culture where women take care of the house while the men herd cattle or work as farmers. In the western highlands, groups include the Bamoun and the Bamilk who are particularly known for their farming skills and their spirit-focused traditional religion. Across the southern regions, the first settlers were the pygmies, who to this day retain their traditional nomadic lifestyle in the rainforests of the south. Here the women grow the familys food and the men provide meat and maintain crops.

PEOPLEPOPULATION20,549,221

C L I M A T E Z O N E S


F A R N O R T H

N O R T H

A D A M A W A

C E N T R E

E A S T

S O U T H


G A R O U A

K U M B O

Y A O U N D E

W E S T

N O R T H W E S T

S O U T HW E S T

CAMEROON UGANDA

UNDER 15

15-60

OVER 60

GERMANYU.S.A.

13.3%

20.6%

66.1%

20.1%

13.3%

66.6%

40.5%

56.2%

3.3% 2.0%

49.9%

48.1%

P O P U L AT I O N A G E S

1 9PROJECT DATA

GEOGRAPHYCameroon is the 53rd largest country in the world and is slightly larger than the U.S. state of California with a total area of 183,569 square miles. The diverse country contains five completely different climatic zones. In western Cameroon is an irregular chain of mountains, hills, and plateaus that extend from Mt. Cameroon almost to Lake Chad at the northern tip of the country. This region includes the Bamenda, Bamilk, and Mambilla highlands. It also contains some of the countrys most fertile soils, notably around volcanic Mt. Cameroon This mountain region is volcanic with a rural countryside of large rock plugs. The dense forests of the south and northwest contain numerous plant and wildlife species none more critically endangered than the cross river gorilla of the northwestern region. The tropical humid climate in the central regions has a very long wet season with heavy rainfall while the savannah and the Sahel are incredibly hot and dry. The semi-arid climate is home to numerous grazing wildlife including Lions, Cheetahs, Rhinoceros, and Gazelle.

TOURISMIn the recent years, tourism in Cameroon has been growing as the government has encouraged investment from airlines,hotels, and travel agencies. The government promotes Cameroon as Africa in Miniature, where one can see numerous diverse cultures, landscapes, and wildlife. Impediments to further growth of the tourism sector include poor transport infrastructure and corrupt officials who may harass visitors for bribes. Popular vacation sites for visitors in Kribi and Limbe.

ABOUT

8260PLANTS

322REPTILES

936BIRDS

409MAMMALS192

AMPHIBIANS

Cameroon Landscape


2 1PROJECT DATA

In the 25 years after Cameroons Indepen-dence, it was one of the most prosperous countries in Africa. The combination of an overvalued currency, government mis-management, and the drop in prices for its principal exports of petroleum, cocoa, coffee, and cotton led to a decade-long recession. Cameroons economy is highly dependent on commodity exports, and swings in world prices strongly affect its growth However, Cameroon is endowed with an abundance of natural resources, including in the agricultural, mining, forestry, and oil and gas sectors. Less than 5 percent of Cameroonians have access to a bank account. Inflation remains low in Cameroon, as many basic commodities, including fuel and food items, are either subsidized or subject to government price controls. France and China are Cameroons main trading partners, but the United States is a leading investor in Cameroon.

EXPORTS + INDUSTRIESCameroons primary export is crude oil and you would think that this abundance would result in a wealthy country., however it does not. Lumber, Cocoa, Bananas, Rubber, and Cotton are also Cameroons main exported items. In 2011 the country sold 5.36 billion US dollars worth of goods. The countries main industries include petroleum production and refining, aluminium production, food processing, light consumer goods, textiles, lumber, and ship repair.

ECONOMICS

COTTON

COFFEE

RUBBERBANANAS

C R O P S


= 20,000,000 US dol lars

OIL

METAL

CROPS

LUMBER

FISH

CHICKEN

CATTLE

PIGS

E X P O R T S

L I V E S T O C K

2 3PROJECT DATA

POVERTY vs WEALTHLike many countries in Africa, Cameroon boasts considerable natural resources. The country is located in the lush jungle area of the continent, just under the Sahara Desert. This area is known for its incredibly rich soil, and is a land teeming with potential. However, like much of Africa, Cameroon is continuing to struggle with its economic situation. While the rest of the world is seeing its poverty rate drop every year, most of Africa sees small to little change. The poverty epidemic continues to hold an iron grip around the country, and issues such as extreme starvation, lack of suitable water supplies, a lack of education and disease continue to hold down Cameroon. It is estimated that nearly 40% of Cameroons population is under the poverty line and live off of at most one dollar per day. The majority of the poverish community live in rural areas. The key factors identified as the causes of poverty are: household size, education level, socioeconomic grouping and access to productive assets. Poor rural people believe that better living conditions would come from job creation, better communications and transportation, improved access to education and information, stable prices for staple foods and better health care, water and credit. Under its long-term development vision Vision 2035 Cameroon has set itself the objective of becoming an emerging, industrialized and democratic country by 2035. This vision is set within the framework of four overall goals: 1- Reduce poverty to a socially acceptable level; 2- Make the transition to a middle-income country; 3 - Achieve newly industrialized country status; 4 - Strengthen national unity and consolidate the democratic process..

CURRENCYThe official currency in Cameroon and 13 other African countries is the Central African CFA Franc. Cash is king in Cameroon, especially in remote regions where its the only way to pay. It takes 465 Cameroon Francs to spend the equivalent of $1 of US currency.

ECONOMICS

Central African Franc


2 5PROJECT DATA

ABOUT KUMBOThe capital of the Bui-Division is Kumbo, a hilly settlement situated 6500 ft above sea level. It is a mountainous town with three hilly villages. Tobin to the east is the administrative sector of the town, Mbve to the north is the commercial center, and Squares is the residential hub for the town. Kumbo is also the capital of the Nso Kingdom, of the traditional local Nso people of the Bamenda Grasslands. The Fon or king of Nso is located in Kumbo and his palace is situated in Squares. The Fon palace is the hearth of Kumbos social, political, and cultural activities. The villages that constitute Kumbo are: Kikaikelaki, Kitiwum, Kishiy, Kimbo-squares, Kikaikom, Kiyan, Shisong, Mbuluf, Nkuv, Kingomen, Kitumen, Sakir, Mbotong, Bamdzeng, Ndzeen, Tobin, To-oy, Marem, Bamkika-ai, Rovitangta, Njavnyuy, Mbah, Ntseni, Mbveh.

NORTHWEST REGION + BUIThe northwest region is located in the western highlands of Cameroon. There are around 1.7 million people who reside in this region and 80% solely rely on agriculture and livestock as their primary source of income. The terrain in this region is remarkable with dense rainforests and rolling mountain hills. The second highest mountain in West Africa, Mount Oku is located in the Bui-Division, one of 7 sub-divisions in this region.

INFORMATION

NATURAL LANDSCAPEIn Kumbo, there is a wide diversity of landscapes, and its rivers are punctuated with rapid spectacular waterfalls. These waterfalls empty themselves into the River Bui and Rookimbo. It is said that Bui and Kumbo are named after these rivers respectively. Through out the region, there are two seasons: the dry and rainy seasons. This leaves the landscape green and lush from March to October and red and dusty from November to February.

DEPARTMENTS

COMMUNES

AREA sq mi 6,877

731

POPULATION1,237,358

BUI DEPARTMENT



M E Z A M

M OM O

B O Y O

B U I


N I G E R I A

M E N C H U M

K U M B O

BAMENDA

NKAMBE

S I T E

MT. OKU9,879 f t

M B I A M E

N K U M

N O N I

O K U

D Z A K W A

S I T E

KUMBO

2 7PROJECT DATA

TRANSPORTATIONTo travel to Cameroon, one must take a plane to one of the major cities such as Douala or Yaounde. Once in the borders, the main source of travel is by bus or car. As the majority of roads are not paved, it is best to use a 4x4. Township taxis and motorcycles are the main mechanical transportation means in Kumbo but the majority travel by foot. In the next 10 to 15 years, the Kumbo Council is planning on paving all roads in, out, and around the city. In doing this, Kumbo will experience great developmental strides and future economic success. They are currently looking for funding.

TRANSPORTATIONThe Kumbo Municipality is very scholarized, with more than 80% of children regularly enrolled in many institutions. There are over 67 primary and nursery schools, over 20 secondary and high schools and 2 post secondary professional schools. The council states that educating a child is educating the nation, thus they take great strides in making education one of its top priorities. Schools in the area are often held in private homes although some schools have existing infrastructure.

INFORMATION

GOVERNMENT STRUCTUREIn the early settlement of Kumbo around 1820, there was Nso people and the Fon Kingdom. The Fon of Nso acted at the social, political, and economic leader until 1977 when the Kumbo Council was established. Led by Major Njong Fonyuy Donatus, the Kumbo Council. The Kumbo Council Administration has a total of thirty-three (33) permanent staff members and employs over some forty others on seasonal basis. Kumbo is seen is having great potential for the future and an economic explosion is predicted to occur in the years ahead.

100,000

200,000

300,000

2012 2017 2022 2027YEAR

P O P U L A T I O N G R O W T H P R O J E C T I O N


ROMAJAI

S H I S H O N G

L U N

BAMBUI

TO BALEM

H

KIKAIKELAKI44,050

SHISHONG44,275

KUMBO80,012

RESIDENTIAL

COMMERCIAL

ADMINISTRATIONK U M B O

SQUARES

TOBIN

MBVEH

2 9PROJECT DATA

LANGUAGEThe predominant languages are: Lamnso, English, and French. English is primary but native Lamnso is a language to reckon with around Kumbo because it has been used for several generations by the indigenes of the Nso tribe.

CATHEDRALThe first missionaries in Kumbo from Germany, arrived in 1912 and established their mission in 1913. The Cathedral of Kumbo was erected by Pope John Paul II in 1982, with territory taken from the Diocese of Bamenda. It is Roman Catholic and is built primarily from local stone blocks.

FONS PALACEThe Nso palace is the heart of Kumbo. Built on ten hills as Kumbo is, the palace is constructed on a sloping hillside below the ancient market known Kimbo. Built with mud-brick, stone and cement blocks, the main attraction on entry are the two Mfuh (warrior) houses. The palace is a major attraction and the centre of a strong cultural expression of its people. During traditional rites and ceremonies, this palace can be a cultural heaven for its people.

RELIGIONThe religious demographics of Kumbo are primarily Christian. Generally, Roman Catholics outnumber all the other members of other churches in Kumbo. About 70% of the population are Christians, 25% Muslims and 5% others. The Traditional Religion of ancestral worship and practices is gradually loosing grounds in Kumbo. Today, only a very insignificant number of the Kumbo indigenes still practice this.

INFORMATION31% CATHOLIC

24% MUSLIM

6%OTHER

19%BAPTIST

10%PROTESTANT


SQUARES

MBVEH

3 1PROJECT DATA

CULTURE

The Nso people number around 700,000 and originate from the Bamenda Grassfields in the Northwest Region of Cameroon. Both the people and the capital of Kumbo are referred to as Banso (people of Nso). Within the Nso political economy, symbolic capital remains the primary object of accumulation. Women produce material wealth, which men convert to symbolic capital to gain access to more productive and reproductive labour and thus to more material wealth. The literacy rate of the Nso is very high, over 90%. The Nso dynasty is an offshoot of the Tikar dynasty, which was founded around 1299 by Princess Wou-Ten. Through the next 700 years, the Nso people went through many different leaders or Fons and states such as Mbiame, Oku, Nseh, Noni, Din, and Nikar. The Nso people have a very rich culture with dance, art, ceremonies, kola nuts, and palm wine. The balance between the sacred and utility are the heart of Nso culture.

FON of NSOA Fon is a chieftain or king of a region of Cameroon, especially among the Wedikum, Tikar, and Bamilk peoples of the Bamenda grass fields. He rules of 13 other kingdoms. The Fon is supported in his duties by the seven notables called Vibais. The current Fon of the Nso people in Kumbo is Sehm Mbinglo I. He is situated in his palace located in Squares. Currently the Fon is a more symbolic representation of power for the people. He does not deal with the local governments. As a sign of respect, one shall never look direct to the face.

Fon Sehm Mbinglo I of Kumbo


3 3PROJECT DATA

ON DEATH - JUJUThe Nso people have a very interesting perspective on death. Most cultures treat death as something to be saddened about, however Nso celebrate this event. They believe that death is built around the soul and the transmigration of the soul from this world to another The celebration of death is about the celebration of life and this event involves dancing, partaking in the eating of kola nuts and the Jujus. Death is not the end, only the beginning. Jujus are masked men, or spirits, and are seen dancing to drums and followed by children when death occurs.

KOLA NUTKola Nuts play a vital role in the traditional, social, spiritual, and cultural practices of Cameroon and West Africa. It is chewed in many cultures as a social activity and ease hunger. These nuts are also used as religious objects and offerings during prayers, ceremonies, and significant life events. It has both symbolic and monetary value and is considered a great welcoming gift to show hospitality. Kola is said to have power through fortune and misfortune telling. Although bitter in flavor, it also contains addictive caffeine. Many cultures consume Kola nuts in group settings by breaking up the nut and passing it around. When a dying Kola Tree is not producing fruit, the Nso people perform am extensive cutting down ceremony with children present. The Kola Nut is given the same importance as a woman or a baby girl, it gives life.

PALM WINE (MELU)

In addition to Kola Nuts, Palm Wine is also consumed in social gatherings. Palm wine is an alcoholic drink made from the sap from the Raffia Palm and then fermented by natural conditions. It only takes around 2 hours for the palm to turn alcoholic. Currently, the local Raffia Palm Tree is having the same importance as the kola nut.

CULTURE

Kumbo, Cameroon

Kola Nuts


3 5PROJECT DATA

AGRICULTURE

The main food crops produced are: cocoyams, maize/corn, beans, plantains, groundnuts, kolanuts, sweet potatoes, bananas and pepper. Coffee, which is the principal cash crop around this area is produced in hundreds of tons. It is normal for women to take care of the crops, while the men work in other businesses. Once a week, the Mbve market is filled with fruits, vegetables, crops, and nuts. This weekly event is a huge source of income for the people of Kumbo as many individuals around northwest Cameroon travel to this.

HEALTHThe St. Elizabeth Hospital Shisong and the Banso Baptist Hospital are the two primary medical facilities in Kumbo. Both of these hospitals offer many services that people will travel all over Cameroon to receive. These hospitals also include training schools for surgeons and health personnel. In addition to modern medicine, traditional practices are still plays a vital role in the Kumbo culture. They serve a greater need especially where the patient cannot easily identify the cause of an ailment or cannot afford the high cost of modern medicine. Due to major diseases such as HIV/AIDS and yellow fever, the average lifespan for a Cameroonian is only 53 years old.

INDUSTRIES

The main industries in Kumbo are surrounded by agriculture and livestock. Self-employment is highly practiced in Kumbo through trading. Every day, Kumbo ships truckloads of potatoes, beans, maize, and even kolanuts to Duoala, the economic capital of Cameroon. Due to the lack of street lights, nearly all business have to close shop when the sun sets. The main livestock in Kumbo consist of Chickens, Goats, and Cattle.

CULTURE

Mbve Market, Kumbo


3 7PROJECT DATA

JANUARY

JULY

FEBRUARY

AUGUST

MARCH

SEPTEMBER

APRIL

OCTOBER

MAY

NOVEMBER

JUNE

DECEMBER

DR

Y B

ULB

TE

MP

ER

ATU

RE

- C5 C

0

10

15

20

25

30

41 F

50

1050

5C TEMPERATURE

HUMIDITY

41F

59

1559

68

2068

77

86

3086

35 95

40104

10%

20%

40%50%60%70%80%90%

30%

1132577

COMFORT

EVAPORATIVECOOLING

HIGH-MASSCOOLING

HIGH-MASSCOOLING AND NIGHTVENTILATION

CONVENTIONALAIR-CONDITIONING

PASSIVESOLAR HEATING

NATURALVENTILATION

The climate of Kumbo, Cameroon consists of two seasons; the dry season and the wet season. The dry season usually occurs between the months of November through February. During this season Kumbo is very dusty as all roads are non paved. The wet season takes place from March through October and during this season the average rainfall is around 60 inches (1550mm) per year. This climate is considered moderate/tropical. The data presented is from a local Kumbo weather station. The average temperature is 66 F with a high of 82 F and a low of 55 F. Sustainable strategies for this location are passive solar heating and natural ventilation to achieve thermal comfort as seen in the Psychrometric Chart below. In the colder months and primarily in the afternoon, Kumbo receives strong east winds from the east.

CLIMATE

P S Y C H O M E T R I C C H A R T



S

E

N

W

S

E

N

W

50F

JMONTH F M A M J J A S O N D

60F

80F

70F

90F

JMONTH F M A M J J A S O N D

4 in

8 in

12 in

16 in

INCHES OF RAIN PER YEAR (AVG)

AVERAGETEMPERATURE

60

66

W I N D R O S E _ W I N T E R A F T E R N O O N


3 9PROJECT DATA

A very notable landscape feature of Cameroon are the extremely large volcanic swells that create mountaines and shear plumes. These swells form the Cameroon volcanic line; a 600 mile straight line of 10 volcano-capped peaks. 9 of these are currently active. This line is arranged half on the continent of Africa and the other on the ocean floor. The islands Bioko, Principe, Sao Tome, and Annoban are formed from these volcanic underwater mountains. The highest peak is Mount Cameroon at 13,435 feet. Because volcanic soil is exceptionally fertile, Cameroon flora is highly lush and green during the raining months.

CONCEPTThe site for the project is located directly on the end of this volcanic line. Like the country, this 330 acre site rises and falls creating a very diverse and interesting topography. In Cameroon, Volcanos have severely impacted the country over the years through many eruptions, lava flows, and deadly gases. As a architecture design concept, it would be interesting to see how this explosive act of nature can impact building form and space organization. This project can explore the relationship between dynamic forces of volcanic nature and a beautiful calm research center. The spaces can be fluidly connected like lava flowing and local materials could be sourced to provide the primary aesthetic.

P i c o d e S o To m 6 , 6 4 0 F T




M o u n t O k u9 , 8 7 9 F T

VOLCANIC LINE


C E N T R E

S O U T H

L I T T O R A L

W E S T

N O R T H W E S T

S O U T HW E S T

C A M E R O O N

G A B O N

N I G E R I A

E Q U AT O R I A LG U I N E A

P i c o B a s i l 9 , 8 7 8 F T

4 1PROJECT DATA

E A R T H


W O O D

B A M B O O S T O N E

B A U M A M

K O T O K O

M O U N D A N G F O U L B E

M U S G U M

M A S A


M O F U

T I K A R

B A N T U

Due to Cameroons diverse landscape and climate, housing typologies vary from region to region. The villages in the northern region build dwellings with earth block as the primary material. The Musgum hut is considered one of the worlds most historically advanced architecture forms. The dome is design off of the catenary arch, the ideal mathematical form to bear maximum weight with minimum material. Many of the early Cameroonian settlements are constructed in a cluster of units around a circle with connecting walls. From region to region, the climate influences the vernacular architecture. The Pygmys and Bantus of the south, construct their dwelling units primarily out of leaves, bamboo, and local wood. The use of thatch roof is very common in most regions.



F A R N O R T H

N O R T H

A D A M A W A

C E N T R E

E A S T

S O U T H

L I T T O R A L

W E S T

N O R T H W E S T

S O U T HW E S T

4 3PROJECT DATA

4 5PRECEDENTS

LOCATION:

ARCHITECT:

DATE COMPLETED:

TOTAL AREA:

COST:

Gabarone, Botswana, Africa

SHoP Architects, New York

In Progress

270,000 SF

$50 million

w

The ability to design a massive contemporary architectural icon that is both extremely sustainable and highly functional makes this project a great precedent for AREA. The initial concept began with the ideas of Dunes and Deltas of the local Botswana geography. The final design presents a series of four long slender buildings that seems to reach out of the ground, reminiscent of the local sand dunes. The multi-layered overhanging storeys are covered with an energy blanket of a grass, plants, and photovoltaic panels. The four building bars (dunes) are connected in a series of bridges with lush courtyards (deltas) dispersed between and beneath. Programmatically, this building will contain an abundance of meeting spaces, an auditorium, high-end restaurants and lounge areas, fitness facilities, and state of the art research laboratories and workstations . Even though this project seems that it is an economic and architecture stretch for Botswana, the use of regional materials, local architects engineers and builders help with the project feasibility. Similar to AREA, the BIH is planned to be an iconic architecture piece for Africa.

BOTSWANA INNOVATION HUB

4 6 AREA CAMEROON

w4 7PRECEDENTS

4 9PROJECT DATA

MISSION + VISIONThe African Research and Exchange Academy [AREA] is both a social enterprise and a non-profit organization with operations occurring in Boulder, Colorado and the state-of-the-art campus to be built just outside of Kumbo, Cameroon. Dr. Ajume Wingo founded AREA on the belief that a meaningful life for any human being is a life of responsibility to others and to the planet that sustains human life. By partnering with individuals, organizations, and business around the world that share the common vision of supporting and sustaining the development of the human intellect in order to make possible a fulfilling life for this and future generations, AREA is committed to implement new holistic initiatives and solutions to the way we conduct business, live in the world, and relate to one another and to our environment. AREA is first, last and always about people and the environment that enables them to thrive. These partners are pollinators of change, interested in complete solutions, approaches and actions to human circumstances and problems. The campus in Kumbo, Cameroon will be a place where a broad collection of students, artists, writers, thinkers, technological innovators, entrepreneurs, kings and queens, political activists, and so on would gather from all over Africa and the world for the cross-pollination and collaboration of ideas to bring elicit change locally and globally.

There is a tendency among experts to analyze and divide the problems human beings face into neat boxespolitical, scientific, economic, social, environmental, emotional, cognitive, primitive, modern and so on and so forth. Yet, authentic human problems and life-changing initiatives are never neatly parceled in tidy discrete boxes. There is growing need for a new approach to analyzing and solving human problems that recognizes the unity of the human being with the planet that embodies the human life.



THE CAMEROON CAMPUSIn a collaboration with the Transformative Education Forum (TEF) and efforts by the African Sustainable Agriculture Program (ASAP) and AREA, Cameroon was selected as the pilot location for this educational base. The involvement of Cameroonians was evident at the beginning through the support of the Fon who was willing to donate land (project site) for AREA. AREA programs will offer residencies to regional and international students, artists, writers, and thinkers while also providing educational and cultural opportunities to local students. This campus will serve as a centripetal endpoint for scholars, artist and thinkers but it will also be a converging center for Kings and Queens from across Africa as well as African statesmen and their counterparts from the rest of the world. AREA will offer state-of-the-art facilities in Kumbo, Cameroon to its partners and clients that are designed to meet their diverse needs. These facilities include residences, office spaces, conference halls, and classrooms for workshops and instruction, leisure facilities for health and enjoyment, and sustainable and economic infrastructures. Construction is planned to begin in May of 2014 and officially open in the summer of 2015. The architecture of this research center is key as the structures should elegantly announce a new era for Africa. The campus should encourage people to come from all around the world.

PARTNERSHIPSAREA seeks partnerships with individuals, organizations, businesses or the combination thereof that share a common vision of economically and ecologically sustainable development relating to these five pillars:

1. Water: collection, distribution and treatment 2. Energy: affordable, reliable, renewable3. Agriculture: sustainable, efficient4. Health: nutrition, food, water, sanitation5. Social Enterprise: to improve well-being

These partnerships, in addition to the African Research and Exchange Academy, will be honest in the pilot facility in Kumbo. The African Sustainable Agricultural Development (ASAP) is committed to developing sustainable commercial agriculture in West Africa, building a fertilizer plant in Cameroon as well as developing a research and training facilities at AREA. Independent Power Systems (IPS) is also partnering with AREA, through their operation of solar and wind renewal power system to West Africa. They will plan to use AREA for training, research, workshops, offices, demonstration and for developing their public relations. Other potential partners include Gazogen, Inc, a Vermont Based company developing multi-purpose steam power electrification plants for use in African villages and for pressing and processing palm oil kennels, Agua Inc., a company that provides sustainable water treatment and biotechnology, and the Navti Foundation in Kumbo Cameroon is a non-governmental organization that aims to help underprivileged women, children and rural populations live peaceful and sustainable lives by assisting them in developing to their full potentials.

5 1PROJECT DESIGN

WHO?

AREA will used by International High School and University level students and U.S. Peace Corps as an academic/professional exchange program where they will partner with local Africans on making the world a better place to live. Additionally, AREA will be used as a social gathering and meeting place for high ranking diplomats, kings and queens, and anyone who wants to help better humankind - starting in Africa.

WHY KUMBO?

While some might speculate that Kumbo is not the right location for this type of project, It is the perfect location because of its underdeveloped rural natural landscape, wonderful people, and rich African culture/history. AREA Cameroon will strengthen the city of Kumbo economically and socially, putting Kumbo on the map.

HOW WILL AREA SERVE KUMBO?

AREA is first foremost about Kumbo. One cannot change the world without first transforming whats around oneself. A large portion of Agriculture, Energy, and Water that AREA produces will be given back to Kumbo to help stimulate the local economy. In the construction of the academy, new trades and skilled workers will be developed.



ww

GAZOGEN INC. STEAM ENERGY

AFRICAN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE PROGRAM (ASAP)

INDEPENDENT POWERSYSTEMS (IPS) SOLAR/WIND ENERGY

UNIVERSITYSTUDENTS

AFRICANUNION

PEACECORPS

HIGH SCHOOLSTUDENTS

AGUA INC. WATER TREATMENT

5 3PROJECT DESIGN

MOUNT OKU

17.05 MILES [27.4 K

M]

CATHEDRAL

MBVEH MARKET

CONTEXT


5.91 MIL

ES [9.5

KM]

20

5 5PROJECT DESIGN

16

5

1

3

EXISTING CONDITIONS


2 3

45

4

6

2

5 7PROJECT DESIGN

WATERSHED

MARSH

P R O J E C T S I T E - 3 6 0 A C R E S

E X I S T I N G FA R M L A N D

R O C K C L I F F

TREE

STREAM

T O P O G R A P H Y L I N E - 1 0 F T

C L I F F E D G E

A C C E S S TO S I T E

ANALYSIS


0 500 1000 2000

5 9PROJECT DESIGN

SUMMER SOLSTICE 72.3

ANALYSIS




SUNBecause the site is in Cameroon and very near to the equator, the sun passes overhead and throughout the year one can receive direct sunlight from the north and the south

SITEThe AREA site is extremely rural and free from any development. Wild ferns have taken over the hillside so that could be an issue to maintain and control. The site contains three main hills and valleys between them and the landscape varies from rocky to lush.

WINDIn the winter months there are strong eastern winds. The architecture of area should respond to this weather and shelter the complex from the harsh cold winds.

WEATHERKumbo, Cameroon rains almost 60 inches per year. This is an invaluable resource and should be harvested and stored for the dry season. Weather barriers will be an issue and very costly.


SUMMER SOLSTICE APRIL 6: HIGHEST POINT WINTER SOLSTICE LOWEST POINT72.3 60.5



WINTER SOLSTICE (DECEMBER 21) AMPM

AMPM

6 1PROJECT DESIGN

conference hall/stage (200+ capacity) cafe/bar convenience store/shopping restaurant/kitchen library/study room health center

Modern gymnasium/rec center weight room yoga center (indoor/outdoor) cycling room locker room w/ showers

large swimming pool + spa natural pool/spring 4 acre gardens outdoor soccer/basketball fields

(5-30) - Africa style huts (5 each) (1) - dormitories (50 people) (3) - 2-bedroom apartments (3) - modern 2-story houses (1) - VIP 4 apartment building

Parking Pathways and on site transportation Agriculture facilities (stables, fences) poultry farm bee farm

security offices bathrooms classrooms (9/10) Lobby, reception, check in

crops and food watershed - waste water recycling waste composting Water catchment and distribution, pipeline electricity generation / distribution

CO

MP

LEX

LEIS

UR

ES

UP

PO

RT

RESI

DENC

ES

CLASSROOMS

CAFE

SERVICES HUT

HUT

CLASSROOMS AMENITIES SERVICES DORMS HOUSE POOL LIVESTOCK SUSTAINABILITY

SUSTAINABILITY

CONFERENCE HALL

HOUSE VIP GARDENS STABLES / POULTRY

BEE FARM / CROPS SUSTAINABILITY GYM EXPANSION

HUT GYM / YOGA / WEIGHT ROOM WETLANDS

HUT HOUSE INFRASTRUCTURE

INFRASTRUCTURE

2 0 1 4 [ P H A S E 1 ]

2 0 1 7 [ P H A S E 4 ]

2 0 1 5 [ P H A S E 2 ]

2 0 1 8 [ P H A S E 5 ]

2 0 1 6 [ P H A S E 3 ]

2 0 1 9 [ P H A S E 6 ]


P R O J E C T T I M E L I N E


crops and food watershed - waste water recycling waste composting Water catchment and distribution, pipeline electricity generation / distribution

C O M P L E X

L E I S U R E

S U P P O R T

R E S I D E N C E S

6 3PROJECT DESIGN

CLASSROOMS

C O M P L E X


R E S I D E N C E S


REST

ROOM

S

SHOP

PING

LOUN

GE

CAFE

LIBR

ARY

REST

AURA

NT

CHEC

K-IN

SECU

RITY

HEAL

TH

OFFICE

SDORM HUT HOUSE APT.




L E I S U R E S U P P O R T


GYM

WEI

GHT

ROOM

YOGA

STU

DIO

BICY

CLE

ROOM

LOCK

ER R

OOM

GARD

ENS

OUTD

OOR

EXER

CISE

CONS

TRUC

TED

BIKE

PAT

HS

POOL

AND

SPA

CROP

S

NATU

RAL

POOL

BEES

POUL

TRY

LIVE

STOC

K

ELEC

TRICITY

PARK

ING

PATH

WAY

S

PIPING

WAS

TE

WAT

ER


6 5PROJECT DESIGN

PRELIMINARY PROGRAM ZONING

The site for the African Research and Exchange Academy is around 360 acres and the topography creates 3 high points around the site, marshlands, valleys, and cliffs. To the right is a very initial study of possible locations of the primary facilities. The main complex will be the first thing you see on the site and this structure will act as the gateway to AREA. It will include conference rooms, classrooms, a performance hall, shopping, restaurants, and support services. Behind the main complex will include the gym, pool, and gardens. The green shows where the residences are initially located. This location is more private and highlights some of the best views around Kumbo. To the west of the main center, the surrounding hillside will host food crops, livestock, and site infrastructure.

C R O P + L I V E S TO C K L A N D

RES IDENCES

WAT E R C ATC H M E N T

M A I N C O M P L E X

G A R D E N S A N D A M E N I T I E S

M A I N P O O L + G Y M

INFRASTRUCTURE


6 7PROJECT DESIGN

PLANNING PROCESS

The initial design for the master plan of the AREA complex went through many phases. Because it is located on a very large site and in a rural setting, water harvesting and distribution and energy generation were essential. A good amount of time was spent in program zoning and after returning from Cameroon, the design grew out of itself. The sketches below display the changes in the overall master plan of the entire site. To the right, showcase the transformation of the main complex plan and water filtration system.


CONCEPTUAL DESIGN1

2

3

4

5

6 9PROJECT DESIGN

F A R N O R T H

N O R T H

A D A M A W A

C E N T R E

E A S T

S O U T H

L I T T O R A L

W E S T

N O R T H W E S T

S O U T HW E S T

E A R T H


WO O D B A M B O O

S T O N E


B A U M A M

K O T O K O

M O U N D A N G

F O U L B E

M U S G U M

M A S A


M O F U T I K A R

B A N T U

5.91 MIL

ES [9.5

KM]

20

17.05 MILES [27

.4 KM]

CATHEDRAL

MBVEH MARKET

UGANDA

SITE 366 ACRES


M B I A M E

N K U M

N O N I

O K U

D Z A K W A

M E Z A M

M OM O

B O Y O

B U I


NORTHWESTREGION

M E N C H U M

K U M B O

BAMENDA

NKAMBE

S I T E

S I T E

MT. OKU9,879 f t

KUMBO



P i c o d e S o To m 6 , 6 4 0 F T


P i c o B a s i l 9 , 8 7 8 F T


A D A M A W A

S O U T H

L I T T O R A L

W E S T

N O R T H W E S T

S O U T HW E S T

C A M E R O O N

M o u n t O k u9 , 8 7 9 F T

N I G E R I A


CAMEROON DAY 1-4

DOUALA

BAMENDA

KUMBO

BOYO

LIMBE

SQUARES

TOBIN

MBVEH

TO BALEM

BAMBUI

SHISHONG

BAMBUI

KUMBO DAY 5-10

0 100 400

SCALE200

0 100 400

SCALE200

AGUA INC

HUTS

HOUSES


APT.

ENTRY

GYM

SERVICES

YOGA

SPA

RESTAURANT

POOL

LOUNGE

OFFICECONFERENCE

WATER

ENERGY

HOUSING


RAIN CATCHMENT

MAIN COMPLEX

BEES

CHICKEN

STABLES

AGRICULTURECENTER

WATER CATCHMENT

CLASSROOMS

C O M P L E X




REST

ROOM

S

SHOP

PING

LOUN

GE

CAFE

LIBR

ARY

REST

AURA

NT

CHEC

K-IN

SECU

RITY

HEAL

TH

OFFI

CES

DORM HUT HOUSE APT.


GYM

WEI

GHT

ROOM

YOGA

STU

DIO

BICY

CLE

ROOM

LOCK

ER R

OOM

GARD

ENS

OUTD

OOR

EXER

CISE

CONS

TRUC

TED

BIKE

PAT

HS

POOL

AND

SPA

CROP

S

NATU

RAL

POOL

BEES

POUL

TRY

LIVE

STOC

K

ELEC

TRIC

ITY

PARK

ING

PATH

WAY

S

PIPI

NG

WAS

TE

WAT

ER


w




UNIVERSITYSTUDENTS

AFRICANUNION

PEACECORPS


WATER TREATMENT





AMPM

AMPM

72.3 60.5


S

E

N

W


50F

60F

80F

70F

90F

J

J

MONTH F

F

M

M

A

A

M

M

J

J

J

J

A

A

S

S

O

O

N

N

D

D

4 in

8 in

12 in

16 in

SITE ANALYSIS

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN




MUSGUM PLAN

PRECEDENTS






EARTH BLOCK(STEB)

CONCRETE FLOOR SLAB


INTERIORPLASTER

PROGRAM




WATER

ELECTRICITY


AGRICULTURE


SITE GOALS


MACROPHYTE PLANT


COVERED INTAKE








CARBON PREFILTER

HAND PUMP


BIO-SAND FILTER

CAMEROON

F A R N O R T H

N O R T H

A D A M A W A

C E N T R E

E A S T

S O U T H


G A R O U A

K U M B O

Y A O U N D E

W E S T

N O R T H W E S T

S O U T HW E S T

CLIMATEREGIONS5


SAHEL

SAVANNAH

TROPICAL HUMID

FOREST

E Q U A T O R

REGIONS

DEPARTMENTS

COMMUNES

POPULATION

20,549,221

CAMEROON

AREA sq mi 183,569

1058

315




















DESIGNPRELIMINARY DESIGN


F A R N O R T H

N O R T H

A D A M A W A

C E N T R E

E A S T

S O U T H

L I T T O R A L

W E S T

N O R T H W E S T

S O U T HW E S T

E A R T H


WO O D B A M B O O

S T O N E


B A U M A M

K O T O K O

M O U N D A N G

F O U L B E

M U S G U M

M A S A


M O F U T I K A R

B A N T U

5.91 MIL

ES [9.5

KM]

20

17.05 MILES [27

.4 KM]

CATHEDRAL

MBVEH MARKET

UGANDA

SITE 366 ACRES


M B I A M E

N K U M

N O N I

O K U

D Z A K W A

M E Z A M

M OM O

B O Y O

B U I


NORTHWESTREGION

M E N C H U M

K U M B O

BAMENDA

NKAMBE

S I T E

S I T E

MT. OKU9,879 f t

KUMBO



P i c o d e S o To m 6 , 6 4 0 F T


P i c o B a s i l 9 , 8 7 8 F T


A D A M A W A

S O U T H

L I T T O R A L

W E S T

N O R T H W E S T

S O U T HW E S T

C A M E R O O N

M o u n t O k u9 , 8 7 9 F T

N I G E R I A


CAMEROON DAY 1-4

DOUALA

BAMENDA

KUMBO

BOYO

LIMBE

SQUARES

TOBIN

MBVEH

TO BALEM

BAMBUI

SHISHONG

BAMBUI

KUMBO DAY 5-10

0 100 400

SCALE200

0 100 400

SCALE200

AGUA INC

HUTS

HOUSES


APT.

ENTRY

GYM

SERVICES

YOGA

SPA

RESTAURANT

POOL

LOUNGE

OFFICECONFERENCE

WATER

ENERGY

HOUSING


RAIN CATCHMENT

MAIN COMPLEX

BEES

CHICKEN

STABLES

AGRICULTURECENTER

WATER CATCHMENT

CLASSROOMS

C O M P L E X




REST

ROOM

S

SHOP

PING

LOUN

GE

CAFE

LIBR

ARY

REST

AURA

NT

CHEC

K-IN

SECU

RITY

HEAL

TH

OFFI

CES

DORM HUT HOUSE APT.


GYM

WEI

GHT

ROOM

YOGA

STU

DIO

BICY

CLE

ROOM

LOCK

ER R

OOM

GARD

ENS

OUTD

OOR

EXER

CISE

CONS

TRUC

TED

BIKE

PAT

HS

POOL

AND

SPA

CROP

S

NATU

RAL

POOL

BEES

POUL

TRY

LIVE

STOC

K

ELEC

TRIC

ITY

PARK

ING

PATH

WAY

S

PIPI

NG

WAS

TE

WAT

ER


w




UNIVERSITYSTUDENTS

AFRICANUNION

PEACECORPS


WATER TREATMENT





AMPM

AMPM

72.3 60.5


S

E

N

W


50F

60F

80F

70F

90F

J

J

MONTH F

F

M

M

A

A

M

M

J

J

J

J

A

A

S

S

O

O

N

N

D

D

4 in

8 in

12 in

16 in

SITE ANALYSIS

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN




MUSGUM PLAN

PRECEDENTS






EARTH BLOCK(STEB)

CONCRETE FLOOR SLAB


INTERIORPLASTER

PROGRAM




WATER

ELECTRICITY


AGRICULTURE


SITE GOALS


MACROPHYTE PLANT


COVERED INTAKE








CARBON PREFILTER

HAND PUMP


BIO-SAND FILTER

CAMEROON

F A R N O R T H

N O R T H

A D A M A W A

C E N T R E

E A S T

S O U T H


G A R O U A

K U M B O

Y A O U N D E

W E S T

N O R T H W E S T

S O U T HW E S T

CLIMATEREGIONS5


SAHEL

SAVANNAH

TROPICAL HUMID

FOREST

E Q U A T O R

REGIONS

DEPARTMENTS

COMMUNES

POPULATION

20,549,221

CAMEROON

AREA sq mi 183,569

1058

315




















7 1PROJECT DESIGN

PRELIMINARY DESIGN

The design is influenced by the landscape and is one with the landscape. The terrain grows up and around the complex. a series of rock walls protrude the hill in a radial pattern. The organic pathways encourage social interaction and also educate the visitors on sustainable water and agricultural methods. The tower, which is technically a inhabitable and fully functioning pressurized water tower, creates a dynamic feature at the top of the hill. It reminiscent of the towers of hill castles as well at the volcanic plugs.


7 3PROJECT DESIGN

TOWER SKIN

LEVEL 4: VIEWING

LEVEL 3: READING

LEVEL 2: LOUNGE

ROOF

PRESSURIZED WATER TANK

TOWER DESIGN

MAIN COMPLEX DESIGNThe architecture design of the main complex includes residences, office spaces, conference halls, and classrooms for workshops and instruction, leisure facilities for health and enjoyment, and sustainable and economic infrastructures. The main building is the focal point of the complex. It is the point of entry and includes the lobby, lounges, gathering spaces, and support spaces.

PRELIMINARY DESIGN


MAIN LEVEL

SUB LEVELS [1-6]

0 100 400

SCALE: 1: 100200

CONFERENCE

LOBBY

REST.HEALTH

SECURITY

LOUNGE

POOL SPA

BIKE

WEIGHTROOM

OFFICE

RESEARCH LABS/CLASSROOMS

HOUSING

HOUSING

GARDENS

GARDENS

GARDENS

WATER FILTRATION

WATER CENTER

ENERGY CENTER

7 5PROJECT DESIGN

FINAL DESIGN

DESIGN


7 7PROJECT DESIGN

DESIGN SUMMARYThe African Research and Exchange Academy engages innovators in the making of a better world. It will promote audacity in individuals to rise and face the growing challenges of this world. To that end, the academy will bring together talented people with the resolve to initiate, develop, and realize tangible and sustainable solutions for a brighter tomorrow. Emerging out of the earth, AREA is located just outside of Kumbo, Cameroon. Here is a place where a broad collection of students, artists, thinkers, technological innovators, and political activists would gather from all over Africa and the world for the collaboration of ideas to bring elicit change locally and globally with a focus on rural sustainability practices of energy, water, agriculture, and waste. Essentially, a think tank for sustainable ideas. Influenced from traditional African architecture and the local volcanic landscape, AREA is to become a state-of-the-art international research center and retreat in Kumbo with the operations occurring in Boulder, Colorado. AREA is a real project and it is both a social enterprise and non-profit organization. The client is Dr. Ajume Wingo of Harvard and the University of Colorado Boulder. This facility includes residences, office spaces, conference halls, classrooms for workshops and instruction, leisure facilities for health and enjoyment, and sustainable and economic infrastructures. AREA is first, last, and always about people and the environments that enable them to thrive.

FINAL DESIGN


7 9PROJECT DESIGN

84

5

3

6

7

CONCEPT

W A T E R F I L T R A T I O N + G A R D E N S O R I E N T A T E D W I T H T H E T O P O G R A P H Y

E N T I R E C E N T E R I S B L E N D E D W I T H T H E T E R R A I N , R E M I N I S C E N T O F T H E V O L C A N I C L A N D S C A P E A N D L A V A F L O W S O F T H E A R E A

H O U S I N G I S O R I E N T E D T O W A R D S T H E N E A R B Y T O W N O F K U M B O

T H E T O W E R G R O W S O U T O F T H E M A I N C O M P L E X A N D S E R V E S T H E P U R P O S E O F A P R E S S U R I Z E D W A T E R T O W E R F O R T H E C O M P L E X

H O U S I N G S T E P S D O W N T H E S I T E F O R M A X I M U M P R I V A C Y A N D V E I W S

W A T E R I S H A R V E S T E D , D I S T R I B U T E D , A N D R E C Y C L E D O N S I T E

G R E E N S P A C E S E M E R G E F R O M T H E R E C Y C L E D W A T E R S Y S T E M A N D C R E A T E G A R D E N S O F I N F O R M A L C O N N E C T I O N S

M A I N C O M P L E X D E S I G N I S I N F L U E N C E D F R O M T H E T R A D I T I O N A L A F R I C A N P L A N A R R A N G E M E N T S


84

5

3

6

7

8 1PROJECT DESIGN

SITE PLAN

MAIN COMPLEX

AGR I CU LTURALFAC I L I T I E S

Situated on a 360 acre rural site, the complex contains three primary functional zones - Agricultural, Water + Energy, and Learn + Live + Enjoy. As the program expands over the years, more space will be allocated towards agriculture and housing. The main occupant facilities are located at the summit of one of the three hills granting great views, visability, and a presence in Kumbo, Cameroon.


0 400 1600

SCALE: 1: 100800

RAINWATER RESERVOIRSTABLES ENERGY

AG SERVICES

BIO-GAS +WASTE

WAT E R + E N E R G YFA C I L I T I E S

AGR I CU LTURALFAC I L I T I E S

L E A R N + L I V E + E N J OYFA C I L I T I E S

8 3PROJECT DESIGN

FLOOR PLAN

8

9

10

11

12

LEGEND

CONFERENCE ROOM

PRIVATE HOMES

EXERCISE ROOMS

RECEPTION

SHARED HUTS

SPA FACILITY

GENERAL STORE

WATER RESEARCH CENTER

LOCKER ROOMS

CAFE

ENERGY CENTER

SECURITY/HEALTH

CLASSROOMS

WATER FILTRATION

KITCHEN

VIP HOUSING

LEISURE POOL

OFFICES/FLEX SPACES

SHARED APARTMENTS

GYMNASIUM

RESTAURANT

1

8

15

2

9

16

3

10

17

4

11

18

5

12

19

6

13

20

6

14

21


12

3

4

5

5

67

13

14

15

15

16

17 17

19

20

21

18

8 5PROJECT DESIGN

DIAGRAM PLAN

GROUND FLOOR LEVEL

SECOND FLOOR LEVEL

THIRD FLOOR LEVEL

FOURTH + FIFTH FLOOR LEVEL

ROOF LEVEL

W a t e r / E n e r g yH o u s i n g

H o u s eC l a s s r o o m sP o o lP u m p i n g S t a t i o n

C l a s s r o o m sM a i n E n t r a n c e / R e c e p t i o nS e r v i c e sG y mR e s t a u r a n t

W a t e r Ta n kL i b r a r y S t u d yB a r / L o u n g e

G r e e n R o o f sR e f l e c t e d M e t a l R o o f


8 7PROJECT DESIGN

The tower, a dynamic architectural feature of the complex, curves upward to a height of 60 ft responding to radius of the main circular forms on the site. The tower functions as an inhabitable water tank tower. At a height of 60 feet, the water is pressurized and ready to be distributed to the entire complex. The lowest lever acts as the pumping and mechanical room. As one can see in the cross section (below), the architecture takes into account the existing topography and tappers down the site. Floors 2, 3, and floor of tower each have specific programs and can be used by anyone in AREA.

WATER TOWER

P R E S S U R I Z E D WAT E R S TO R A G E TA N K


Documents

Derek's book