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EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
Dr. Michael Freeman
AMADEUS Research CentreDepartment of Computer Science
University of York (UK)
Designing an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
Introduction• UcDK aims:
– To develop a range of simple (use/construct), cheap development boards to allow investigation into ubiquitous computing scenarios.
– Fast prototyping of ubiquitous computing applications.• Minimising software and hardware development times.
– Two stage design flow:• Initial proto-type : micro-controller based systems• Final : SOC FPGA based systems
EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
UcDK• An ubiquitous computing node
typically contains:– Communications– Processing– Interfacing
• These requirements are separated and performed in specialized modules.– Information passed between modules
using serial data links– Hardware and software re-use
EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
UcDK• Communications modules:
– Micro-controller 4K/128– Radio (433MHz): 19.2Kbps– Infra-red: 9600 bps– Features
• I2C port• RTC• ADC• Serial ports• GPIO (IRQ, CNT)
EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
UcDK• PC communicates to
base node via serial port or Ethernet
• Radio packet Tx / Rx to Slave nodes
• Each slave node can have Sub nodes connected to it via IR link
• Simple sense before TX, ACK protocol + CRC
EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
UcDK• Processing modules:
– Data logging• EEPROM: 192Kb
– Digital IO• CPLD: XC9572• I2C: PCF8574
– Analogue IO• I2C: PCF8591
– Serial IO• Four RS232 serial ports
EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
UcDK• Interfacing modules:
– I2C expansion board• GPIO, ADC, DAC
– Open collector driver– Opto-isolator– Stepper/DC motor– Relay, Triac– Power supply
EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
Example 1
• Light controller : single module example
EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
Example 2
• Cooker hob : two module example
EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
Example 3• Fridge :
three module example
EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
Demo 1
EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
UcDK
• FPGA cores– Wishbone bus– Communications
• Infra-red, Radio controller– Processing
• Picoblaze• Minimal CISC processor (MCP)
– Interface• UART, SPI, Multi-master I2C
• Micro-controller code re-use where possible.
EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanMinimal CISC Processor Architecture for FGPAs
Existing 8051 Cores• 8051 Micro-controller core :
– DR8051 : VIRTEX-II 1080 slices 87MHz– Free8051 : SPARTAN-II 1605 slices 14MHz– R8051 : VIRTEX-II 1861 slices 49MHz– Org. 8051 : SPARTAN-II 1250 slices
• RISC Emulation– PB8051 : VIRTEX-II 313 slices 113MHz
(PicoBlaze : VIRTEX-II 84 slices)
EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanMinimal CISC Processor Architecture for FGPAs
Results• All systems have one wishbone IO port and are
synthesised for our Virtex II development board:– Picoblaze
• Number Slices: 114 Maximum Frequency: 45.323MHz– MCP : internal iMem, picoBlaze instruction set
• Number Slices: 120 Maximum Frequency: 68.8MHz– MCP : external iMem, picoBlaze instruction set
• Number Slices: 123 Maximum Frequency: 80.4MHz– MCP : internal iMem, 8051 instruction set
• Number Slices: 134 Maximum Frequency: 76.4MHz
EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
UcDK• Possible systems
– Hardware / software divisions
EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
Conclusions• The UcDK has been proven to allow fast
prototyping of ubiquitous computing applications and to minimise software and hardware development times.
EUROMICRO - DSD 2004 - RENNES
Michael FreemanDesigning an Ubiquitous Computing Development Kit
Future Work• Installation of micro-controller based systems in
the responsive home at the University of York.• Development and expansion of micro-controller
modules:– IrDa communications module
• Development and expansion of FPGA cores– Investigation into the performance of different SOC
architectures