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DHI-The is for
INFORMATION
i
Mission Statement “To serve National DHIA members and the dairy industry
in advancing dairy information services.”
Vision Statement National DHIA will lead the dairy information industry to create,
utilize and advance world class information resources that are accurate, credible and uniform.
We will accomplish this by:- Ensuring information accuracy
- Representing and supporting our members’ interests- Being the direct voice for the dairy information industry
- Working with industry partners
Polymorphism“poly” = many “morph” = form
Generalpopulation 94%
6%Single nucleotidePolymorphism (SNP)
GG GT TT
Genotype
Phenotype
Match Made In Heaven
Consider the possibility…4.5 million
cows
coast to coastCanada to
Mexico
Network of laboratories
Surveillance
Production efficiency
Genomics
Animal Health
Product QualityInternational
Competitiveness
Sustainability
to enhance:
to improve:
How Much Information is in Milk?
Everything– Cow– Environment
metabolitesantibodies
DNA
antig
ens
Caseins(A1/A2)
Fatty Acids(CLA)
Altering the Nutritional Value of Milk
An optimal milk exists– Phenotype/Genotype
=?
Mastitis-Udder InfectionIn early stages of infection,
there’s communication going on
Discover the language!
Johne’s Disease
Could milk work?
Johne’s
• Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis(MAP)
Robert Whitlock, University of Pennsylvania
Won First Place in County Fair - Two Months Prior
Johne’s
Johne’s
• 22% increase in total sample volume from 2006
2007 Commercial Lab Activity
0
50
100
150
200
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Sam
ple
Vo
lum
e (0
00's
)
Milk Johne’s Testing
Milk Johne’s Testing Program
• Very Important Development– Links DHI to Animal
Health Programs– Showcases DHI
Infrastructure
TB
Brucellosis
Salmonella
• National Voluntary Program– Looking to DHI as
industry leader
Milk Johne’s Testing Program
• Advantages for Voluntary Program– Sample’s already in labs– Program built into dairy software– Linked with performance data
$
Herd Management Report
Milk Production 305-d ME (lbs) 1st lactation 2nd lactation 3rd lactation Johne’s Negative Group 21,537 21,763 19,210 Johne’s Positive Group 19,723 20,104 17,712 DIFFERENCE 1,814 1,659 1,498 Component Value 305-d ME (lbs) Protein Fat Johne’s Negative Group 36 40 Johne’s Positive Group -18 -28 DIFFERENCE 54 68
Johne’s Disease
Could milk work?
Leukosis
Leukosis
BLV – Bovine Leukosis Virus; Enzoonotic Bovine Leukosis
Leukosis
NAHMS ‘96
Leukosis
Leukosis
Leukosis Milk Testing Program
It’s the information!
Johne’s Disease
Could milk work?
BVD
Leukosis Disease
BVD
• Bovine Viral Diarrhea
BVD
BVDBVD
BVD Milk Testing Program
Traditional Program– In line samples – Ear notch
BVD Milk Testing Program
• 1000-Head Herd ($150 pooling fee)
– 4 PCR X $40 = $160
– 5 PCR X $40 = $200
– 50 ELISA X $6 = $300
– Total $810/1000 = $0.81/Cow ($0.50-$2.50)
250 Samples 250 Samples 250 Samples
50 Samples 50 Samples 50 Samples 50 Samples
50 Samples
250 Samples
50 Samples
PI Cow
Johne’s Disease
Could milk work?
Progesterone
Leukosis DiseaseBVD
Figure 1. The estrus cycle near the time of ovulation.
Progesterone Testing
• Progesterone ELISA– Individual animal test– Quantitative ELISA– High/low • Evaluation of
Synchronization– Progesterone from
functional CL– CL required to
respond to synchronization
Progesterone TestingProgesterone in Bovine Serum Versus Milk
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
Open < 14 Open 35-60 61-80 81-100 101-120 121-140 141-160 161+
Reproductive Status
P4
(n
g/m
L)
Milk
Serum
Progesterone Testing
Synchronization Program Evaluation
2 days
PGF2α PGF2αPGF2α GnRH GnRH AI
12 h14 days 14 days 7 days
HIGHHIGH HIGH HIGH LOW
Desired Progesterone Levels
Figure 2. PreSynch + OvSynch
Progesterone ELISA
• When Things Are Working
Progesterone Analysis Of Synchronization
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Lut 1 Lut 2 Lut 3
Lutalyse Shot Sequence
Pe
rce
nta
ge
Lo
w P
rog
es
tero
ne
1st Lactation
2nd+ Lactation
TARGET
Progesterone ELISA
• When Things Are Not Working
Progesterone Analysis Of Synchronization
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Lut 1 Lut 2 Lut 3
Lutalyse Shot Sequence
Perc
en
tag
e L
ow
Pro
geste
ron
e Heifers
Cows
TARGET
Proposed Progesterone Profiling• Identify and Test Critical Samples• Monitor % Non-compliance
Progesterone Non-Compliance
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1/12
/200
6
1/26
/200
6
2/9/
2006
2/23
/200
6
3/9/
2006
3/23
/200
6
4/6/
2006
4/20
/200
6
5/4/
2006
5/18
/200
6
6/1/
2006
6/15
/200
6
6/29
/200
6
7/13
/200
6
7/27
/200
6
8/10
/200
6
8/24
/200
6
9/7/
2006
9/21
/200
6
10/5
/200
6
10/1
9/20
06
11/2
/200
6
11/1
6/20
06
11/3
0/20
06
12/1
4/20
06
Test Date
Per
cen
t N
on
-Co
mp
lian
ce
1st Lactation
2nd Lactation
3rd+ Lactation
BVD
Johne’s Disease
Could milk work?
Leukosis DiseaseProgesterone
Looking for Information?It’s In Her Milk
• Significant diagnostic opportunity• Immediate effects on management• Future effects on genetic selection• Enhance value of animal recording