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Water by the Barrel : Testing Personal Water Filtration Devices for Purifying Contaminated Water Supplies. Diana Tran Advisor: Dr. Wayne Teel April 11, 2008. Facts and Statistics. According to the United Nations Human Development Report: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Water by the Barrel:Testing Personal Water Filtration Devices for Purifying
Contaminated Water Supplies
Diana TranAdvisor: Dr. Wayne Teel
April 11, 2008
Facts and Statistics
According to the United Nations Human Development Report:
• The lack of sanitation and safe water is currently the world’s largest cause of illness
• Millions of women and children spend several hours a day collecting water from distant, often polluted sources
• At any given time, half of the world’s hospital beds are occupied by patients suffering from a water-related disease
• Every 15 seconds, a child dies from a water-related disease• The water and sanitation crisis claims more lives through
disease than any war claims through guns
Vietnam
The LifeStraw® vs. The Katadyn ®
Specifications Lifestraw® Katadyn®Technology High impact polystyrene Virustat cartridge with pentaiodide (I5) iodine
Specially developed halogen-based resin (PDR) Plastic membrane
Granular activated carbon (GAC) Activated carbon granulate
Efficacy Effective against waterborne bacteria Eliminates bacteria, protozoa, viruses and improves taste
Capacity 700 Liters 100 Liters
Filters 3-stage particle filtration 3-phase water filter
Size 25 cm long, 2.9 cm in diameter 0.6 Liters
Weight 0.095 kg 0.22 kg
Cost $2.00 $44.95
Cost/Liter $0.003 $0.45
The LifeStraw®
• The LifeStraw ®
– A personal mobile water-purification tool designed to turn any surface water into drinking water
– Winner of INDEX: 2005 International Design Award, Well-Tech 2006 Innovation Technology Award, and Best Invention of 2005 by TIME
• First introduced to me in ISAT 350 by Dr. Chris Bachmann
Testing the LifeStraw®
Sampled from Blacks Run• Located in behind Shenandoah Bicycles in
Harrisonburg, Virginia.
Alum Treatment
KAl(SO4)2.12H2O• A compound derived from aluminum used in water purification and
wastewater treatment.• Safe and does not pose a threat to humans, water creatures, and
aquatic plants.• On contact with water, it becomes aluminum hydroxide This fluffy
substance, a “floc”, settles to the bottom. • As the floc moves through the water, it also collects other suspended
particles in the water, carrying them down to the bottom.
1 2
3 4
Results
Data for Fecal Coliform Using Quanti/Tray 2000
0
5
10
15
20
25
Lifestraw® 1 Lifestraw® 2 Alum Lifestraw® 1After Alum
Lifestraw® 2After Alum
Treatment
Mos
t Pro
babl
e N
umbe
r (c
fu/1
00 m
L)
Problems
Katadyn ®
• LifeStraw ® disappointing
• Only EPA-registered filter
• 3-phase water filter eliminates bacteria, protozoa, and viruses
Definitely Preferable
Conclusion
• The Katadyn ® preferable– The LifeStraw ® worked, but
plugged too easily• How would it measure up in
real world situations?
• Unfortunately, too expensive
• If possible, I would run samples until I found the exact lifespan
Raising Awareness at JMU
• UNICEF WEEK 2008: March 16-22• H2O: A Sanitation Issue, March 20th in Taylor 304
www.waterbythebarrel.com
Out of Curiosity…
Outer Shell
Halogenated Resin
Anion Exchange Resin
Activated Carbon
Thank You
• My advisor, Dr. Wayne Teel• My parents, Hung and Ngocdiep Tran• Vestergaard Frandsen, Inc.• Dr. Thomas Benzing and Jacob Hileman• Friends and relatives• The College of Integrated Science and
Technology at James Madison University
Questions?
ReferencesCastle, Fred'A K., and Charles Rice. "Purification of Water With Alum."
American Druggist. 12 Mar. 2008 <http://books.google.com/ books?id=bNIAAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA32&lpg=PA32&dq=alum+used+in+third+world+countries+to+c lean+water&source=web&ots=SG0ZOgyOLe&sig=-Rk1edKVnKlhyKiCOVEhh5FHaxY&hl=en#PPA32, M1>.
"Katadyn Filter 0.75 L." Katadyn. 2008. 12 Mar. 2008 <http://products.katadyn.com/brands-and-products/produkte/ Ultralight_Series_25/Katadyn_Bottle_075L_31.html>.
"Water Facts." WaterPartners International. 2008. 12 Mar. 2008 <http://www.noodletools.com/noodlebib/defineEntryMLA.php>.
Water for Life Decade. 2005. United Nations. 12 Mar. 2008 <http://www.un.org/ waterforlifedecade/pdf/waterforlifebklt-e.pdf>.