Benchmark 3

progress monitoringDIBELS

DIBELS is a registered trademark of Dynamic Measurement Group, Inc. Visit our website at www.dibels.org. Revised 12/30/10

DIBELS® Next Student MaterialsOral Reading Fluency/Level 2

Progress Monitoring

Roland H. Good III

Ruth A. Kaminski

with:

Kelli Cummings, Chantal Dufour-Martel, Kathleen Petersen,

Kelly Powell-Smith, Stephanie Stollar, and Joshua Wallin

Dynamic Measurement Group, Inc.

®

Copyright 2011 Dynamic Measurement GroupAll rights reserved

DIBELS® Progress Monitoring Page 1

Benchmark 3

Oral Reading Fluency L2/Progress Monitoring 1

Building Happy Places

Whatdoyoudowhenyougotoaplayground?Maybeyourunasquicklyasyoucantoanemptyswing,hopin,andsoartothesky.Allchildrenliketoplayanddofunthings.Therearelotsofdifferentwaystohavefun.Matthewisateenagerwhousesawheelchair.Hewantedsomecoolthingsfortheplaygroundthatallchildrencoulduse,sohedidsomethingaboutit. Whenhewasonlysixyearsold,Matthewhadagreatidea.Hethoughtofaswingthatallkidscoulduse.Itlookslikeabigboat.Itcanholdtwokidsinwheelchairsandsixotherchildrenatthesametime.HecalleditTheDreamer.ThechallengeforMatthewwastolookatallthethingsonaplaygroundandfigureouthowtheycouldbemadetoworkwithawheelchair.Thatwayallchildrencouldplaytogether. Matthewgiveshistimetoagroupthatbuildsplaygroundsthatarefunforallkids.Theplaygroundshavetheusualswingsthatyouwouldfindinmostplaces.TheyalsohaveswingslikeTheDreamer.Insteadofsandboxesontheground,theyhavesandtablesthatchildreninwheelchairscanuse.Matthewhelpsthegroupraisemoneysotheycanbuildmoreplaygrounds.TheybuiltaspecialonecalledFriendshipPlace.ItwasbuiltatMatthew’sschool. ForhisworkhelpingotherchildrenMatthewhasbeengivenmanyawards.Heevenhadhispictureonacerealbox.Hefeelsproudthatwhathedoeshelpsallchildrenplaytogetherandmakeseveryonehappy.

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Benchmark 3

Oral Reading Fluency L2/Progress Monitoring 2

Luke Makes His Move

Aftermovingtoanewneighborhood,Lukewantedtomakesomenewfriends.Inhisoldneighborhood,allofhisfriendshadplayedstreethockey.Lukehopedtofindsomeonetoplaystreethockey. Luke’sstepdadhadanidea.Hesaidtheyshouldexploretheneighborhoodandseeiftheycouldfindagameofstreethockey.Lukethoughtitwasagreatidea.Heandhisstepdadwentoutsideandwalkedaround.Afterashortwhile,theyturnedthecornerandfoundchildrenplayinghockey.Itwasjustlikehisoldhome. Lukestoodonthesideandwatchedtheothersplay.Hecheeredforbothteamswhenevertheymadeagoaloradifficultplay.Whenoneoftheplayershadtogohome,heaskedLuketoplay.Lukeranhometogethisskatesandstick. Lukeplayedgoalie,hisfavoriteposition.Heplayedhisverybest.Heonlylettheotherteamscoreonegoal.Onetimetheotherteamwasabouttoscoreandtherewasnoonebuthimtodefendthegoal.TheotherteamcametowardLuke,fasterandfaster.Hewatchedcarefullytoseewheretheyweregoingtogo.Heleapedatthelastsecondandstoppedthemfromscoring.Hiswholeteamcheered. Afterthegame,theyallwentdowntothecornerstoreandgotasnack.Everyonetalkedaboutthegame.Theydecidedtoplayagainthenextday.Lukewasgladhehadmadenewfriends.

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Benchmark 3

Oral Reading Fluency L2/Progress Monitoring 3

My Pen Pal

Ihaveapenpalwholivesinafarawayplace.Helivesallthewayacrosstheoceaninadifferentcountry.Hetellsmeaboutwhatitisliketoliveinhiscountry.Itellhimaboutwhatitisliketoliveinmine.IliveinIndia.Inmanyways,ourlivesareverysimilar.Webothgotoschoolandbothenjoylisteningtomusic.Therearealsowaysinwhichourlivesaredifferent. MypenpalandIusuallywritetoeachotheratleastonceamonth,butIwaitedlongertowritehimaletterthismonth.Iwaswaitingformyloosetoothtofallout.Iwiggledmytoothalot.Itdidn’twanttocomeout.Itrieddifferenttricks,buttheydidnotwork.Atlast,whileIwaseatingsomethingsticky,thetoothcameout. ThenItossedmytoothupontheroof.Iaskedasparrowtotakethetoothandgivemeanewone.Thiswasacustominmycountry.WhenanewtoothbegantogrowIthankedthesparrow. Iwrotealonglettertomypenpalaboutlosingmytooth.Hewrotebackandtoldmeabouthistraditionwhenhelosesatooth.Hesaidheputsthetoothunderhispillow.Duringthenightsomeonetakesthetoothaway.Whatastrangecustom!Ilikelearningaboutdifferentcountries.

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Life on the River

Ilivebyabigriver.Theriverisveryimportanttomyfamily.MynameisLing,andIliveinavillageinAsia.Therearethirtyhousesinmyvillage.Weusethewatertowashourselvesandourclothes.Wealsousethewaterforourplantssincealotofourfoodcomesfromcropswegrow.Therivergivesuswaterfordrinking,too.Ourboatstravelupanddowntheriver,takingusfromvillagetovillage.Wealsoplayintheriver! Youmaywonderwhatlifeislikeforme.Iwakeuptoaroosterinsteadofanalarmclock.Ourroosterwakesusatfourinthemorning,andweimmediatelygetbusy.Ihelppreparebreakfastfortherestofthefamily.Afterweeat,wefeedtheanimals.Sometimesthereiscorntogrind.WhenIfinishthesechores,IgointothefieldtohelpwhereIcan.Theyoungerkidsstayhomewithourgrandparents. Inourvillage,childrenareexpectedtohelpthefamily.Thereisalwaysworktodo.OndayswhenIamnothelpinginthefield,Ibabysitorcleanthehouse.Intheevening,Ihelpgatherfirewoodtocookourdinner.Afterdinner,wesitwithourgrandparents.Theytellusstoriesabouthowthingscametobe.Myfavoritestoryishowtherivergotitscolor.IhopeonedayIcansharethestorywithyou.

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A Day for Trees

Pictureyourselfwalkingthroughthewoods.Raysofsunstreaminthroughthetrees,butmostlyitisshady.Youwelcomethecoolnessoftheshade.Theleavescrunchunderyourfeet,andanimalsscurryabout. Nowthinkaboutwhatthisscenewouldbelikewithoutanytrees.Isithardtoimagine?Treesareveryimportant.Theygiveusshade.Treesarehometomanyanimals.Treeshelpkeepourairclean,too. Treesaresoimportantthattheyhavetheirownspecialday.ItiscalledArborDay.Onthisday,peopleplanttrees.Somepeoplechoosetoplantatinyseedinthesoil.Theygivetheseedwaterandwatchitgrow.Otherpeoplechoosetoplantasmalltreethathasalreadystartedtogrow.Theydigasmallholeandcarefullyputtherootsintothesoil.Theycoveruptherootsandgivethetreewater. YoumaywonderwhenArborDayhappens.Thatdependsonwhereyoulive.Manystateshavethisspecialdayinthespring.Thatisthebesttimetoplanttreesinthosestates.Somestateshavebettertimesforplantingtrees.Ifyoulivewheretheweatherisalwayswarm,yourspecialtreedaymaybeinthefalloreveninthewinter.Nomatterwhenyourstatehasitsspecialtreeday,makesureyouplantatree.

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Benchmark 3

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Making Orange Juice

Whatisthebestpartabouteatinganorange?Therearemanythingstochoosefrom.Youreyemaynoticethefruit’sbrightorangeskin.Justthesightofanorangemaybeenoughtomakeyourmouthwater!Whenyoupeelofftheroughskin,thesweetsmellticklesyournose.Whenyoubiteintothefruit,thejuicewakesupyourtastebuds. Thereisanotherwaytoenjoythetasteofanorange.Youcanmakeorangejuice.Makingorangejuiceiseasyandfun,andyouonlyneedafewthings.Youneedsixoranges,andanadulttohelpcutthem.Youwillalsoneedapitcherandsomecups. First,squeezetheorangestogetthemsoft.Thenwashtheoranges.Havetheadulthelpyoucuttheorangesinhalfsafely.Takeouttheseedsfromeachhalf.Nowyouarereadytosqueezeoutthejuice.Griphalfanorangeandsqueezethejuiceintoapitcher.Turntheorangeandsqueezeagain.Keepsqueezinguntilnomorejuicecomesout.Repeatwitheachorangehalf. Youhavesomechoiceswhenyoumakeorangejuice.Ifyoulike,youcanscrapetheorangewithaspoonandaddthefruittothejuice.Orifyoudonotlikepulp,placeastraineroverthepitcher.Thiswillcatchalltheorangebits,andonlyjuicewillfallintothepitcher.Ifyouwantcoldorangejuice,addicetothepitcher. Nowyouarereadytopourtheorangejuiceintoacup.Youmaywanttosharewithafriend.Drinkthejuiceandenjoy!

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Benchmark 3

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Kim Gets Ready

Whatisyourhouselikeinthemorning?Inmyfamily,themorningisabusytime.Wechildrengetreadyforschoolwhilemydadandunclegetreadyfortheirjobs.Theyarefishermen.MynameisKim,andIliveinacountrycalledVietnam. Inthemorning,myfamilyeatsbreakfasttogether.Wedonotuseplatesorforks.Instead,ourtableissetwithdeepbowlsandchopsticks.Forbreakfast,wemayeatsouporricewithmeatorfish.Weoftenhavefruit,too. Afterbreakfast,weputonourschooluniforms.ThenmysisterandIrideourbikestoourschool.Myoldersisterandbrotherwalktotheirschool.Becausetheyareolder,theygotoadifferentschool. WhereIlive,childrengotoschoolsixdaysaweek.WedonotgotoschoolonSundays.Inmyclassroom,Isitwithoneotherchildatadesk.Thereare30childreninmyclass.Wehavelessonsinmathandlanguage.Wealsolearnaboutscienceandhistory.Eachday,wetakeabreakfromourlessonsanddogymnastics.Schoolteachesustobeactive. Studentsinmyschoolalsolearntoberesponsible.Wetaketurnscleaning.Whenitismyturn,Igettoschoolearly.Imaysweepthefloororemptythetrashcans.

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Dear Diary

DearDiary, TodayisMonday.We’replayingbasketballingymclasstomorrow.Itissuretobetheworstdayofmylife!Todaywelearnedthegame’srules,andtomorrowweplay.I’mhopingIwon’thavetoplay.MaybeIwillgetsick.Ididcoughearliertoday. ItriedtotelltheteacherthatI’mgoodattapdancing,notbasketball,butshewouldn’tlisten.Shetoldmetotrymybest.

DearDiary, TodayisTuesday.Believeitornot,todaywasoneofmybetterdays.WhenIwokethismorning,IaskedDadtotakemetothedentist,thedoctor,oranyoneaslongasitwasduringPEclass.Dadwouldnotagree,andinstead,hegavemebasketballtips.Itriedtolisten,butthesoundofmypoundingheartfilledmyhead. AlldayIsuffered,waitingforgymclass.Eachminutefeltlikeanhour.Finally,welinedupandwalkedtothegym. SoonIwasholdingabasketball,bouncingitupanddown.Whenwetookourpracticeshots,theteachershowedmehowtoshoottheball.ThefirsttimeItried,theballwentinthebasket!IstartedtobelievethatmaybeIcouldplaybasketball. Oncethegamestarted,timepassedquickly.IwassurprisedwhenIheardthelongwhistlemeaningthatthegamewasover.WhenIshookhandswiththeplayers,someofthemsaid,“Goodgame!”Theteacherlookedatmeandwinked.Youneverknowhowyoufeelaboutsomethingnewuntilyoutry!

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Benchmark 3

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Circus Tickets

Thesignsaid,“Getafreetickettothecircus.”Jakeshowedthesigntohisbrother,Adam.Thelibrarywantedtoencouragechildrentokeepreadinginthesummer.Anystudentwhoreadfivebookswouldbegivenafreetickettothecircus.Theboyshadneverbeentothecircus.Itwassomethingtheyhadalwayswantedtodo.Theyshowedthesigntotheirmother.Sheagreedtotakethemtothelibrarytogetbookstoread. Thebrotherswenttotheirlocallibraryforthefirsttime.Withhelpfromtheirmother,theygotlibrarycards.Thentheybeganlookingforbooks.Jakedidnotknowwhattoread.Hesearchedtheshelvesandfoundabiographyaboutaswimmer.Jakelovedtoswim.Heglancedthroughthebookandthoughtitwassomethinghewouldenjoyreading.Adamwasnotsurewhattoreadeither,buthefoundamysterythathethoughtwouldbegoodtoread. Backathome,theboyssatonthecouchandstartedreading.Itwasquietintheroom.TheythoughttheywouldbeboredwithoutTV,buttheywerewrong.Theyreadforanhouruntiltheirmothercalledthemtodinner. JakeandAdamquicklyfinishedtheirbooks.Theywentbacktothelibraryformore.Intwoweeks,theyhadreadfivebooksandearnedtheircircustickets.Whenthecircuscametotown,theyproudlypresentedtheirticketsattheticketbooth.Onthewayin,aclowngavethemahighfive.Itwasgoingtobeagreatshow!

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Bats Are Not Birds

Whathaswingsandcanfly?Ifyousaidabird,youarecorrect,butanothercorrectanswerisabat.Batsandbirdsarebothanimalsthathavewingsandcanfly.Whiletheyhavesomethingsincommon,theyarealsodifferentinmanyways. Birdshavefeathersandlayeggsinanest.Thebabybirdshatchfromtheeggs.Batsdonothavefeathersanddonotlayeggs.Theyaremammals.Likeothermammals,batshavefurontheirbodies.Thebabybatsdrinkmilkfromtheirmothers.Theydonotliveinanest,butincavesandtrees. Ifyouweretolookatthebonesofabatandabird,youwouldnoticedifferences.Abat’sboneslooklikethebonesinyourownarmandhand.Theboneslooklikelongfingers.Insteadoffeathers,athinskincoversthebones.Abird’sbonesareshorter.Theyarecoveredandsupportedbyfeathers. Youcanseeanotherdifferencebetweenbatsandbirdswhenyoulookattheirmouths.Mostbatshaveteethtochewinsectsorfruit.Birdshavebills.Theirbillshavedifferentshapesdependingonwhattheyeat. Afinaldifferenceiswhenyouseetheanimalflying.Doyouseesomethingflyingatnight?Itmaybeabat.Theyflyatnightusingechoesinsteadofsight.Birdsusuallyflyduringtheday.Somehaveaverykeensenseofsight. Thenexttimeyouseesomethingflying,askyourself,“Isthisabatorabird?”Remember,theyarenotthesame!

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Cooking School

Cheeseandcrackersmakeagreatsnack,butnotifyoueatthemeveryday.WhenJakecamehomefromschool,heatecheeseandcrackers.Oneday,hetoldhisgrandmotherNanahewastiredofthesamesnack.Heaskedhertoteachhimhowtomakeadifferentsnack.WhenasmilespreadacrossNana’sface,Jakewonderedwhatshewasthinking. NanatoldJaketowashhishands.Thenshetoldhimtogetpeanutbutterwhileshegotnon-fatdrymilkandhoney.Theymixedthethreefoodstogether.ThenNanatoldJakesomethingsurprising.Shetoldhimtoplaywithhisfood!Jakemoldedthedoughintoadinosaurandthenintoaflower.Thenheatethedough!“Thatwasfun!”Jakesaid. Thenextday,JaketoldhisfriendsaboutNana’scookinglesson.TheyallwantedtohavealessonfromNana,too.JaketalkedtoNanaabouthisfriends’requests,andtheydecidedtohaveacookingschool. JakeandhisfriendsgatheredinthekitchenonSaturday.Nanahadanapronforeachchild.Shehadfourstationssetup.Ateachstation,thekidslearnedhowtomakeahealthyanddelicioussnack.Thechildrenhadsomuchfun,theyaskedNanatohavecookingschoolonceamonth.Nanawashappytoagree.NomorecheeseandcrackersforJake!

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Benchmark 3

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Writing Your Own Book

Childrenenjoyreadingbooks,butveryfewhavewrittenone.Itisnothardtodo.Allyouneedissomepaperandcoloredpencilsormarkersandagoodidea.Youcancreateyourownbook. Youmayalreadyhaveagreatideaforyourbook.Ifnot,youcanwriteabookthattellssomethingaboutyourself.Youcanwritehowoldyouare,whatcoloryourhairandeyesare,andhowtallyouare.Youcanpasteapictureofyourselftothepage.Ifyoudon’thaveapicture,drawone.Next,writeaboutyourschool.Writedownyourgrade,teacher’sname,andwhatyouarelearning.Drawapictureofyourteacherorofyourfavoriteschoolsubject.Onthenextpage,youcanwriteaboutyourfriends.Or,youcanwriteaboutthingsyouliketodoathome.Youcanalsowriteaboutyourfavoritefood,movie,orbook. Thesearejustsomeideasofwhattoincludeinyourbook.Therearemanymorethingsyoucanwriteabout.Thinkaboutastoryyouwouldliketotell.Tellaboutthingsthatinterestyou.Youmightgetotherideasfromlookinginbooks.Whenyouaredonewithyourbook,staplethepagestogether.Youcouldalsopunchholesinthepagesandtiethemtogetherwithyarn.Asyoucansee,makingabookisfunandeasy.

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Benchmark 3

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In Space for an Hour

IwenttoamoviewhereIfeltlikeIwasreallyinspace.Ihadalwayswonderedwhatitwouldfeelliketotravelinarocket.Aftermyexperience,Icanimagineitevenbetter. Wewereonvacationvisitingmymother’ssisterinabigcity.Wedon’tgettogotothecityveryoften,somyauntsaidshewouldtakeustoallthespecialthingsthatwedon’thaveathome.Iwassurprisedwhenmyauntsaidweweregoingtoamovie.Itoldherthatwehadmoviesathome.Myauntjustsmiled.Shesaidthiswasaspecialtypeofmovie. Thetheaterlookedlikeanyotheruntilwewentinside.Thescreenwasenormous.IthadtobethebiggestscreenI’deverseen.Itwentfromthefloortotheceiling,anditcurved.Istaredinastonishment.“Whatisthisgoingtobelike?”Iwondered. Thenthelightswentout.Suddenlywefeltlikewewereinsideaspaceshuttle.Weheardthecountdown.Weheardtheroaroftherockets.Whentheycalled,“Blastoff!”itfeltlikewehadreallyblastedoff.Itlookedandsoundedsoreal.ForonehourIfeltIwasonaspacemission.Wewentallthewaytothemoonandback.ItwasatripI’llalwaysremember.

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Wind Power

Thewindisasourceofpower.Ithelpskitestofly,andboatstosail.Insomeplaces,windpowerisusedtomakeelectricity.Peopleareworkingtofindwaystohelpusgetmorepowerfromthewind. Therearemanyreasonswhyturningwindintopowercanbeagoodidea.Wewillneverrunoutofwind.Itwillalwaysblow.Mostotherwaystomakepoweruseresourcesthatcouldrunout.Coalandnaturalgasaretwocommonexamples.Onedaywemightrunoutofthem.Wecancountonthewindbecauseitwillalwaysblow. Windmillsarewhathelpusturnwindintoelectricity.Whenthewindblows,itturnsthebladesonthemill.Thisspinningmakesasmallamountofelectricity.Whenyouputalotofwindmillstogether,youcanmakeenoughpowerforalotofpeople. Awindfarmisaplacewithalotofwindmills.Youcanfindwindfarmsinplacesthatareverywindy.Thewindmillsareverytall,andtheirbladesareverylong.Somehavebladesthatareaslongasafootballfield. Thereareafewproblemswithwindpower.Somedaysthereisnotmuchwind,andyoumayflipalightswitchandhavenolight.Also,windpowercostsmorethanotherkindsofpower.Peopleareworkingtofixtheseproblems.Oneday,whenyouturnonyourbedroomlight,yourlampmaylightupduetopowerfromthewind.

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Going to School

Howdoyougettoschool?Doyourideaschoolbusortravelbycar?Doyourideabikeorwalk?Doyouthinkabouthowchildrenaroundtheworldgettoschool?Somechildrenarriveatschooljustlikeyoudo.Othershaveaverydifferentjourney. LikeAmericanchildren,manystudentsaroundtheworldwalktoschool.However,itmaytakethemanhourormoretogetthere.Thentheymakethesamewalkhomewhenschoolisover. Doyouknowanyonewhotravelstoschoolinaboat?Somechildrenliveinfishingvillages.Theirschoolisalargehouseboatinthemiddleofariverorotherwaterway. Therearefamiliesaroundtheworldwhotravelfromplacetoplacefollowingcattletheyown.Manyofthesepeopleusecamelstomovefromplacetoplace.Formanyofthesechildren,theirschoolandtheirteachertravelwiththem.Thechildrenlearnwhiletheytravel. Somechildrenliveonmountains.Theremaynotbeaschoolnearby.Thesechildrendonottraveltoschoolatall.Instead,schoolcomestothemonaradio.Theydonothearmusicovertheairwaves.Theyhearlessonsinmathandotherschoolsubjects. Thenexttimeyoutraveltoschool,thinkaboutotherchildrenaroundtheworld.Whatwoulditbeliketogotoschoolinadifferentway?

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A Happy House Plant

Doyouhaveplantsinyourhome?Therearemanyreasonswhyyoushould.Plantsimprovetheairinyourhome.Theyalsomakeyourhomelookmoreinviting.Inaddition,manypeopleenjoytakingcareofplantsintheirhome.Itcanbeagreatwaytorelax! Ifyouhavedecidedtoputaplantinyourhome,thefirstthingtodoisdecidewhatkindofplanttobuy.Ifyougotoaplantstore,youwillfindmanydifferentkindsofplantstochoosefrom.Manypeoplechooseaspiderplant. Youcanprobablyguesswhataspiderplantlookslike.Theplantsoftengrowinhangingbaskets.Theyhavegreenstalksthatgrowquitelong,pastthebottomofthecontainer.Eventually,smallplantswillbegintogrowattheendsofthestalks.Thesmallplantslooklikespiders.Ifyoucutoffthesmallplantsandplacetheminfertilesoil,theywillgrowintonewspiderplants. Spiderplantsareeasytocarefor.Theyneedtobeplantedinarichsoil.Makesurethecontainerhassmallholesinthebottom.Whenyouwatertheplant,theholeslettheextrawaterdrainout.Spiderplantsdonotliketositandgrowinwetsoil!Thesoilshouldfeeldrybeforeyougivetheplantmorewater.Aspiderplantgrowswellinalmostanykindoflight.Keepitinawarmplace,too.Ifyoufollowthesetips,youwilllikelyhaveawonderfulhouseplanttoenjoyforalongtime.

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A Gift of Chores

Foraweek,WillandMaxhadbeentalkingabouthowtocelebrateMom’sbirthday.Thebrothershadmanygrandideas,suchasbuyingMomaringorsendingheronatrip.However,therewasoneproblem.Theboysdidnothaveanymoney.WhatcouldtheypossiblygiveMomthatdidnotcostalot? Finally,atdinner,WillandMaxhadanidea.Ithappenedjustafterthefamilyfinishedeating.Theboysclearedthetableastheyalwaysdo.Mombeganwashingthedishes.Asshedid,sheletoutahugesighandsaidshewishedthedisheswouldwashthemselves.WillandMaxlookedateachother.Theybothhadthesamegreatidea!TheywouldmakeachorecouponbookforMom. First,thebrothersmadealistofchoressuchaswashingthedogandtakingoutthetrash.Thentheybeganmakingcouponsfromcoloredpaper.Theycutpiecesofpaperinthesizeofdollarbills.Eachboymadefivecouponsforchoresandacoverforthebook.Thentheystapledthemalltogetherandwrappedthebook. Thenextmorning,theboysgaveMomherpresent.Sheopeneditandreadthecover.Sheflippedthroughthecoupons.Sheexclaimed,“Thisisthebestpresentanyonehasevergivenme!”Theboysfelthappyandproud.

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Canoe Fun

Thesummersunwasshiningandtherewerenocloudsinthesky.Itwasaperfectdaytotryoutournewcanoeatthelake.Weputthecanoeinthewaterclosetotheshoreandputonourlifejackets.Thenwegrabbedthepaddlesandgotintothecanoe. Ihadneverbeeninacanoe,andIhadalottolearnabouthowtopaddleone.Themostdifficultpartwaspaddlinginastraightline.Myseatwasinthemiddleofthecanoe.IpaddleduntilIgottired.ThenMomandDadletmerest. Asthecanoeskimmedalongthewater,therewasalottosee.Icountedleavesthatwerefloatinginthewater.Isawaturtlesunninghimselfonarock.Wealllaughedwhenafishjumpedoutofthewaterdirectlyinfrontofthecanoe.“Look!”saidDadsuddenly.Wefollowedhispointingfingerandsawagoldeneaglesittinginthetopofatalltree. Wewereallsobusypaddlingandenjoyingthesightsthatwedidn’tnoticethecloudsforming.“Lookslikeitmightrain,”saidDad.“Webetterheadbacktoshore.”Weturnedaroundandpaddledhard.Onthewayback,Ididn’ttakearest,eventhoughIwastired. Wereachedtheshoreandgotoutofthecanoe.Assoonaswegotinthecar,thefirstraindropsstartedtofall.Weallcheered.Wehadmadeitbackjustintime.

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African Drums

Whenyoulistentoasong,whatdoyouhear?Manypeopleenjoythebeatofthedrum.InAfrica,drumsareimportant.Theyareusedinmusic,buttheyarealsousedtotalktopeople. TherearemanydifferenttypesofAfricandrums.Theycomeinallshapesandsizesandeachonemakesaspecialsound.SomeAfricandrumshaveananimalskinstretchedacrossawoodbase.Peoplehittheskinwiththeirhandorwithasticktomakesound.OtherAfricandrumsarelogswithslitscarvedinthem.Peoplehittheslitsorscrapeastickoverthemtomakesound.AthirdtypeofAfricandrumislikearattle.Peopleshakeittomakesound. InsomepartsofAfrica,peopleusetalkingdrums.Thesedrumsdonotreallytalk,buttheirbeatsgiveamessage.Onedrumbeatisusedwhenababyisborn.Peoplehearthedrumbeatandknowthatanewbabyhascomeintotheworld.Otherdrumbeatssaythatsomeoneisvisitingorthattwopeoplehavegottenmarried.Manypeoplemightdrumtherhythmsatthesametime. Africandrumsarealsousedtocelebratespecialevents.Dancersoftendoacertaindanceforeachevent.Thedancersmaywearrattlesontheirwristsandankles.Astheydance,therattlesmakenoisesthataddtothesoundofthedrumbeat. WhileyoumayenjoythesoundofAfricandrums,theirbeatsalsomeanmanythings.

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Flower Parts

Manypeopleenjoyflowersinoutdoorgardensandinvasesintheirhomes.Flowerscomeinallcolorsandsizes,andmanyflowerssmellpleasant.Peoplebuyrosesfortheirsweetsmellandbeautifulcolor.Arosemayberedandsmallenoughtoholdinyourhand.Asunflowermaybeyellowandtoweroveryourhead.Onekindofflowersmellssobad,manypeopleholdtheirnosewhentheywalkby! Flowersarenotjustforustoenjoy.Theyhaveajobtodo.Flowersmakeseedsfortheplant.Whentheseedsarereleased,theygrowintonewplants. Whiletherearemanydifferentkindsofflowers,theyallhavesomepartsincommon.Mostflowershavepetals.Petalsarethecolorfulpartsweadmire.Petalsattractinsectstotheflower.Insectsfollowthepetalstogetnectar.Nectarisarichfoodfortheinsects.Thenectarisatthebottomofthepetals. Whenaninsectlandsonthepetalstogetnectar,italsotouchesthestamens.Theseflowerpartsstickupinsidetheflower.Theirtipsareusuallyyellowandhavepollenonthem.Astheinsectgetsnectar,pollenstickstoitsbody.Whentheinsectgoestoanotherflowerformorenectar,ittakesthepollenwithit. Attheotherflower,theinsectwilllandonthepetals.Someofthepollenitcarrieswillcomeoffontheotherflower.Nowthisflowerwillbegintomakeseeds.Theseedswillonedaygrowmoreplantsthatwillmakemoreflowers.Throughthisprocess,flowerswillcontinuetogrowandbloom.