A

COUNTRY STUDY AND REPORT AND COMBINED SUMMARY OF

SEMESTER IV WORK

ON

Different Industries and Sectors of Singapore

Submitted to

Gujarat Technological University

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE

REQUIREMENT OF THE AWARD FOR THE DEGREE OF

MASTER OF BUSINESS ASMINISTRATION

Submitted by

___________________________________________________________________________

___

Marwadi Education Foundation’s Group of Institutions

MBA PROGRAMME

Affiliated to Gujarat Technological University Ahmedabad

May, 2012

SUMMARY OF WORK DONE IN SEM-4

AVIATION IN SINGAPORE

MEANING

Aviation is the design, development, production, operation, and use of aircraft,

especially heavier-than-air aircraft. Aviation is derived from avis, the Latin word for

bird.

HISTORY

There are early legends of human flight such as the story of Icarus, and Jamshid in

Persian myth, and later, somewhat more credible claims of short-distance human

flights appear, such as the flying automaton of Archytas of Tarentum (428–347 BC),

the winged flights of Abbas IbnFirnas (810–887), Eilmer of Malmesbury (11th

century), and the hot-air Passarola of BartolomeuLourenço de Gusmão (1685–

1724).

The modern age of aviation began with the first untethered human lighter-than-air

flight on November 21, 1783, in a hot air balloon designed by the Montgolfier

brothers.

In 1799 Sir George Cayley set forth the concept of the modern airplane as a fixed-

wing flying machine with separate systems for lift, propulsion, and control. Early

dirigible developments included machine-powered propulsion (Henri Giffard, 1852),

rigid frames (David Schwarz, 1896), and improved speed and maneuverability

(Alberto Santos-Dumont, 1901).

Great progress was made in the field of aviation during the 1920s and 1930s, such

as Charles Lindbergh's solo transatlantic flight in 1927, and Charles Kingsford

Smith's transpacific flight the following year. One of the most successful designs of

this period was the Douglas DC-3, which became the first airliner that was profitable

carrying passengers exclusively, starting the modern era of passenger airline

service.

By the 1950s, the development of civil jets grew, beginning with the de Havilland

Comet, though the first widely-used passenger jet was the Boeing 707, because it

was much more economical than other planes at the time.

Since the 1960s, composite airframes and quieter, more efficient engines have

become available, and Concorde provided supersonic passenger service for more

than two decades, but the most important lasting innovations have taken place in

instrumentation and control. The arrival of solid-state electronics, the Global

Positioning System, satellite communications, and increasingly small and powerful

computers and LED displays, have dramatically changed the cockpits of airliners

and, increasingly, of smaller aircraft as well.

On June 21, 2004, SpaceShipOne became the first privately funded aircraft to make

a spaceflight, opening the possibility of an aviation market capable of leaving the

Earth's atmosphere.

BRANCHES OF AVIATION

Civil Aviation is one of two major categories of flying, representing all non-military

aviation, both private and commercial. Most of the countries in the world are

Aviation

Civil Aviation

General Aviation

Civil Transport

Military Aviation

members of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and work together to

establish common standards and recommended practices for civil aviation through

that agency.

Civil aviation includes two major categories:

Scheduled Air Transport, including all passenger and cargo flights operating

on regularly scheduled routes; and

General Aviation (GA), including all other civil flights, private or commercial

General Aviation includes all non-scheduled civil flying, both private and

commercial. General aviation may include business flights, air charter, private

aviation, flight training, ballooning, parachuting, gliding, hang gliding, aerial

photography, foot-launched powered hang gliders, air ambulance, crop dusting,

charter flights, traffic reporting, police air patrols and forest fire fighting.

Each country regulates aviation differently, but general aviation usually falls under

different regulations depending on whether it is private or commercial and on the

type of equipment involved.

Many small aircraft manufacturers serve the general aviation market, with a focus on

private aviation and flight training.

Military Aviation is the use of aircraft and other flying machines for the purposes of

conducting or enabling warfare, including national airlift (cargo) capacity to provide

logistical supply to forces stationed in a theater or along a front.

Air power includes the national means of conducting such warfare including the

intersection of transport and war craft. The wide variety of military aircraft includes

bombers, fighters, fighter bombers, transports, trainers, and reconnaissance aircraft.

These varied types of aircraft allow for the completion of a wide variety of objectives.

Types of military aviation

Fighter aircraft's primary function is to destroy other aircraft. (e.g. Sopwith

Camel, A6M Zero, F-15, MiG-29, Su-27, and F-22).

Ground attack aircraft are used against tactical earth-bound targets. (e.g.

Junkers Stuka, A-10, Il-2, J-22 Orao, AH-64 and Su-25).

Bombers are generally used against more strategic targets, such as factories

and oil fields. (e.g. Zeppelin, Tu-95, Mirage IV, and B-52).

Transport aircraft are used to transport hardware and personnel. (e.g. C-17

Globemaster III, C-130 Hercules and Mil Mi-26).

Surveillance and reconnaissance aircraft obtain information about enemy

forces. (e.g. Rumpler Taube, Mosquito, U-2, OH-58 and MiG-25R).

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are used primarily as reconnaissance fixed-

wing aircraft, though many also carry payloads. Cargo aircraft are in

development. (e.g. RQ-7B Shadow, MQ-8 Fire Scout, and MQ-1C Gray

Eagle).

Missiles deliver warheads, normally explosives, but also things like leaflets.

AVIATION IN SINGAPORE

Aviation in Singapore is a key component of the Singaporean economy in its quest to

be a transport hub of the Asian region. Besides currently the sixth busiest airport and

the fourth busiest air cargo hub in Asia, the Singaporean aviation industry is also a

significant aerospace maintenance, repair and overhaul centre.

Pre War

In 1937, the Wearne Brothers launched the first commercial air service between

Singapore and Malaya. It was called Wearne Air Services. On 28 June 1937, a de

Havilland Dragon Rapide aircraft, the Governor Raffles, took off from Singapore to

Kuala Lumpur and Penang.

Post War

Malayan Airways Limited (MAL)was established on 1 May 1947, by the Ocean

Steamship Company of Liverpool, the Straits Steamship Company of Singapore and

Imperial Airways. The airline's first flight was a chartered flight from the British Straits

Settlement of Singapore to Kuala Lumpur on 2 April 1947 using an Airspeed Consul

twin-engined airplane.

Federation (1963)

When Malaya, Singapore, Sabah and Sarawak formed the Federation of Malaysia in

1963, the airline's name was changed, from "Malayan Airways" to "Malaysian

Airways". MAL also took over Borneo Airways. In 1966, following Singapore's

separation from the federation, the airline's name was changed again, to Malaysia-

Singapore Airlines (MSA).

Split (1972)

MSA ceased operations in 1972, when political disagreements between Singapore

and Malaysia resulted in the formation of two entities: Singapore Airlines and

Malaysian Airlines System.

A study conducted in 2001 showed the aviation industry contributing about 5.5%, or

S$7.9 billion, to Singapore’s gross domestic product. It provided one in 20 jobs in the

country, or one in 17 jobs if the indirect impact of the sector on the rest of the

economy is taken into account. A different set of measures by the Economic

Development Board showed the industry having an output of S$3.8 billion in 2003,

contributing 1.2% to the GDP and employing over 11,000 people. In 2004, the

industry grew 16% to hit a record high of S$4.5 billion.

AVIATION IN INDIA

The Indian Aviation Industry is among the world’s fastest growing industries. It has

undergone huge transformation following the liberalization of the aviation industry in

India. Once owned by the Government, the aviation sector of India is now privately

owned with full service airways and affordable carriers. Almost 75% of the domestic

aviation sector consists of the private airlines.

Indian aviation industry ranks 4th in the world after USA, China, and Japan in terms

of domestic passenger volume, as per statistics released by Ministry of Civil Aviation.

Industry experts have predicted that not less than 50 million passengers will be

served by the India aviation industry by 2015. Widening opportunities in India will

create room for over 69 foreign airlines entering the Indian aviation sector from about

49 countries.

History/Evolution

The Aviation industry in India began with the birth of Tata Airlines, through the

business relationship between Mr. NevillVintcent, a Royal Air Force pilot and Mr.

JRD Tata, the first Indian to get an A-license. Tata Airlines became Air India in

August 1946. In 1953, the Air Corporation Act nationalized all existing airline assets

and established the Indian Airline Corporation and Air India International for

domestic and international air services respectively.

<1953 Nine Airlines existed including Indian Airlines & Air India

1953 Nationalization of all private airlines through Air Corporations Act;

1986 Private players permitted to operate as air taxi operators

1994 Air Corporation act repealed; Private players can operate schedule

services

1995 Jet, Sahara, Modiluft, Damania, East West granted scheduled carrier

status

1997 4 out of 6 operators shut down; Jet & Sahara continue

2001 Aviation Turbine Fuel (ATF) prices decontrolled

2003 Air Deccan starts operations as India’s first LCC

2005 Kingfisher, SpiceJet, Indigo, Go Air, Paramount start operations

2007 Industry consolidates; Jet acquired Sahara; Kingfisher acquired Air

Deccan

2010 SpiceJet starts international operations 2011 Indigo starts international

operations, Kingfisher exits LCC segment

2012 Government allows direct ATF imports, FDI proposal for allowing foreign

carriers to pick up to 49% stake under consideration

GLOBAL AVIATION CHALLENGES 21ST CENTURY

Employee shortage

There is clearly a shortage of trained and skilled manpower in the aviation sector as

a consequence of which there is cut-throat competition for employees which, in turn,

is driving wages to unsustainable levels. Moreover, the industry is unable to retain

talented employees.

Rising fuel prices

As fuel prices have climbed, the inverse relationship between fuel prices and airline

stock prices has been demonstrated. Moreover, the rising fuel prices have led to

increase in the air fares.

Poor infrastructure

Infrastructure remains a major obstacle for the Indian airline industry today, which

was aggravated further due to the excess capacity created in good times.

Maintenance and traffic control (ATC) infrastructure is completely inadequate, if the

industry is expected to grow further. While steps are taken on this front in order to

upgrade the major airports of Mumbai, Delhi and Hyderabad remain security

concerns. Attract private sector investment will go a long way in the development

and maintenance of the infrastructure is crumbling because of the built up excess

capacity.

Regional connectivity

Although the industry is burdened with excess capacity, regional connectivity

continues to be poor, mainly because of lack of infrastructure. Industry experts

speculate that the increase in regional networking, concentrating instead in the

subways and the reallocation of the current fleet of routes where the demand to help

airlines manage their excess capacity.

High input costs

Apart from the above-mentioned factors, the input costs are also high. Some of the

reasons for high input costs are:-

Withholding tax on interest repayments on foreign currency loans for aircraft

acquisition. Increasing manpower costs due to shortage of technical personnel.

GLOBAL AVIATION STRATEGIES 21ST CENTURY

Understand reality of change and become “flexible”

Revitalize strategy

LCC, LC/HV, “Virtual” carriers

Customer focus (ask what they want)

Eliminate duplication

Organizational accountability

Staff relations into strength

Updating of airline systems

Build partnerships (alliances, interactive marketing)

Act decisively

Diversify the business (core and non-core)

Airlines “inventing” new ways to reduce future

costs and spending of capital

Increased efficiency

Dependent upon aviation (links local, national

and international economies)

Airlines must take control of business issues and

work in partnership (first time in history)

COST / EXPENSES FOR AIRLINES

The main 3 cost for the airlines are:

Fuel

Labor

Maintenance

EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNTIES

The boom in the aviation sector is likely to generate nearly 2.5 lakh jobs by

the year 2014.

The study says that the civil aviation sector is also set to become a Rs

55,000-crore industry by the same time.

The industry is expected to add 130 airliners to its current fleet of 270

airliners, which would, in turn, increase manpower demand

The aviation industry employs about 3000 pilots and there is an immediate shortage

of 450 planes that will be added to the activity expanding Indian fleet in the next five

years and a shortage of additional 4,500 pilots stares us in the face (Total

requirement: 7500 pilots by2010)

Training to be a pilot can be a pretty expensive affair that can push you into a

financial air pocket! From April 2001 all DGCA-subsidized rates have been

discontinued. However, various states offer separate subsidies of varying amounts

up to the PPL stage. Considering the high cost of aviation fuel, you have to pay the

steep commercial rate, which is in the region of Rs.2750-3500 per hour. 40 free

flying scholarships are awarded to SC/ST trainee pilots every year. Under this

scheme, apart from free flying training, student pilots receive financialaid.

While a private school may charge as much as Rs.15-20 lakh, the cost of obtaining a

CPL in a government-sponsored school works out to Rs.10 lakh plus boarding and

lodging, which add up to another Rs.1,500/-p.m.

Salaries for commercial pilots are very attractive, ranging anywhere from Rs.40,

000/- to whopping Rs.4 lakh p.m., depending on the airline. Besides the obvious thrill

of going places and seeing the world in five-star comfort, there are several attractive

perks that go with the job.

QUALIFICATION NEEDED

Helicopter Pilots

Aptitude

There are certain attributes to be a Pilot. First of all, one should not be afraid of

heights and should have a passion to fly those machines.

A Pilot has to be quick thinker as he is the one who is responsible for the lives of

many. One should have patience, commitment, responsibility and self-confidence. A

lot of hard work, stamina, adaptability to follow difficult time schedules, good team

spirit etc., are also required in an aspirant. Most importantly, one must have

emotional stability in crisis situations.

Eligibility

To get a CPL, one should have passed 10+2 examination with Physics and

Mathematics and must be between the age of 18-30 years. The minimum height

should be 5 feet and eyesight 6/6.

Air Hostess / Flight Steward

The trouble free, comfortable and safe journey of a passenger is of prime importance

to the aviation sector. In this regard, it is an Air Hostess / Flight Steward whose role

becomes really crucial as they are the first one to welcome passengers aboard an

aircraft.

By the count, the various airlines in the country have almost 10,207 Cabin Crew

members in 2007-08 and the number is expected to grow to almost 20,284 by 2011-

12.

Aptitude:

To be an Air Hostess or a Flight Steward, one should have common sense, sense of

responsibility, initiative quality, friendly outgoing personality, politeness, physical

stamina and the capacity to work for long hours on the feet.

Eligibility

The educational qualification for an Air Hostess / Flight Steward training programme

is 10+2 or a graduate degree with a diploma / degree in Hotel Management or

Tourism Management.

Flight Purser

After three to five years, depending upon your performance, Flight Steward/Air

Hostess is eligible to become a Flight Purser. Your responsibilities increase as you

take over the charge of the Cabin Crew on board. Salaries generally get double up.

Ground Job:

You can join here directly or after having served on the flight for long, you can opt for

ground jobs in sections like staff-training and human resource management in the

corporate office.

Remuneration

The Cabin Crew can get up to Rs.40, 000 per month for domestic flights whereas

upto Rs.1, 50,000 for international flights on wide-bodied aircrafts. The ground staff

can also earn Rs.20, 000 - Rs.30, 000 per month.

TRENDS IN AVIATION

Trend 1 – GREEN FLIGHT

A Swiss pilot completed the longest manned solar-powered flight ever. André Borschberg

flew the aircraft, called the Solar Impulse HB-SIA, for 26 hours—an entire day and night. The

flight was an important milestone for green aviation, since it demonstrated that a lithium

battery can hold enough charge for the plane to remain in-air at night, when no solar energy

is available.

The HB-SIA is able to store solar energy for nighttime flight (source: Solar Impulse).

Trend 2 – DRONE FLIGHT

Watch out—that plane flying overhead soon might have no one in its cockpit. Unmanned

aircraft aren't a particularly new idea. The first was built in 1916, and remote-controlled

planes were becoming widely used by World War I. Today, unmanned aircrafts are

commonly used for war operations in many countries. But as drone planes grow more

capable of performing complex tasks and carrying passengers, unmanned commercial flight

seems to be on the horizon. In June, the Federal Aviation Administration announced its two-

year plan to bring unmanned flight to the American skies, possibly in a commercial form.

Commercial drone crafts could mean cheaper—and possibly safer—flights.

The search-and-rescue drone plane can find lost hikers more accurately than human-

controlled helicopters (source: Brigham Young University)

Trend 3 – FUTURISTIC FLIGHT

One of the trendiest topics in aviation is futuristic design and innovation. While green

energy and drone technology are often incorporated into futuristic plans, more

outlandish design quirks are also exciting engineers. A prime example is Airbus'

2030 Concept Plane, which features elements that airplanes might have 20 to 40

years from now. Conceptual components include self-cleaning cabins, smart seats

that form to passengers' bodies, and see-through walls, floors and ceilings.

Engineers even imagine holographic projections that could turn the cabin into a

home office or Zen garden.

Airbus conceptual plane features extra-long wings, a U-shaped tail and a highly

efficient fuselage.

REGULATORY AGENCIES& AUTHORITIES, Singapore

Singapore has mainly two regulatory i.e.:

CAAS – Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore

ICAO – International Civil Aviation Organization

Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore

The Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore is Singapore's Civil Aviation Authority

and a statutory board under the Ministry of Transport of the Singapore Government.

Its head office is located on the fourth storey of Terminal 2 of Changi Airport

inChangi.

The CAAS regulates civilian air traffic within the airspace jurisdiction of the Republic;

it is also the sole government agency to maintain the operational efficiency of the

airports in Singapore and to engage civilian air-service agreements with air-service

operators.

CAAS also operates the CAAS Air Traffic Control Service, which serves to ensure

faultless movements of civilian aircraft at Singapore’s airports and in the Singapore

Flight Information Region (FIR).

International Civil Aviation Organization

The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is a specialized agency of the

United Nations. It codifies the principles and techniques of international air

navigation and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to

ensure safe and orderly growth. Its headquarters are located in the Quartier

International of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Aviation LegislationIn Singapore

List of Legislation for the are described below:

Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore Act

Air Navigation Act

Carriage by Air Act

Carriage by Air (Montreal Convention, 1999) Act

Tokyo Convention Act

Hijacking of Aircraft and Protection of Aircraft and International Airports Act

International Interests in Aircraft Equipment Act 2009

The SINCAIR Programme

Ministry of Singapore has developed a program for aviation safety according to

international standards named, SINCAIR

The key objective of SINCAIR is to enhance aviation safety through the collection of

feedback on incidents that would otherwise not be reported through other channels,

or that may appear minor but may be useful for others to learn from the reporter's

experience and may even lead to changes in procedures or design. But it does not

eliminate the need for mandatory reporting of aircraft accidents and incidents to the

relevant authorities under the existing law.

The Singapore Confidential Aviation Incident Reporting (SINCAIR) programme is a

voluntary, non-punitive confidential incident reporting system established by the

AAIB. It provides a channel for the reporting of aviation incidents and safety

deficiencies while protecting the reporter's identity.

What does the SINCAIR Programme cover?

The SINCAIR Programme covers the following areas:

a. Flight Operations:

i. Departure/en route/approach landing

ii. Aircraft cabin operations

iii. Air proximity events

iv. Weight and balance and Performance

b. Ground Operations:

i. Aircraft ground operations

ii. Movement on the airport

iii. Fuelling operations

iv. Airport conditions or services

v. Cargo Loading

c. Air Traffic Management:

i. ATC operations

ii. ATC equipment and navigation aids

iii. Crew and ATC communications

d. Maintenance:

i. Aircraft maintenance

ii. Record keeping

e. Miscellaneous:

i. Passenger handling operations related to safety

REGULATORY AGENCIES & AUTHORITIES, India

Indian Regulatory agencies for the aviation are described below:

Director General of Civil Aviation

Bureau of Civil Aviation Security

Airports Authority of India

International Air Transport Association (IATA)

International Civil Aviation Organization

Directorate General of Civil Aviation (India)

The Directorate General of Civil Aviation is the Indian governmental regulatory body

for civil aviation under the Ministry of Civil Aviation. This directorate investigates

aviation accidents and incidents. It is headquartered along Sri Aurobindo Marg,

opposite Safdarjung Airport, in New Delhi.

Bureau of Civil Aviation Security

The Bureau of Civil Aviation Security was initially set up as a Cell in the

Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) in January 1978 on the

recommendation of the Pande Committee constituted in the wake of the hijacking

of the Indian Airlines flight on 10th September , 1976. The role of the Cell was to

coordinate, monitor, inspect and train personnel in Civil Aviation Security matters.

The BCAS was reorganized into an independent department on 1st April , 1987

under the Ministry of Civil Aviation as a sequel to the Kanishka Tragedy in June

1985. The main responsibility of BCAS are lay down standards and measures in

respect of security of civil flights at International and domestic airports in India.

Airports Authority of India

The Airports Authority of India (AAI) is an organization working under the Ministry of

Civil Aviation that manages most of the airports in India. The AAI manages and

operates 126 airports and 329 airstrips including 16 international airports, 89

domestic airports and 26 civil enclaves. The corporate headquarters(CHQ) are at

Rajiv Gandhi Bhawan, Safdarjung Airport, New Delhi. A V.P Agrawal is the current

chairman of the AAI.

International Air Transport Association

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) is an international industry trade

group of airlines headquartered in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, where the

International Civil Aviation Organization is also headquartered. The executive offices

are at the Geneva Airport in Switzerland.

IATA's mission is to represent, lead, and serve the airline industry. IATA represents

some 240 airlines comprising 84% of scheduled international air traffic. The Director

General and Chief Executive Officer is Tony Tyler. Currently, IATA is present in over

150 countries covered through 101 offices around the globe.

Legislations

Aviation Security (AVSEC) Law & Policy of India are as below:

The Aircraft Act, 1934

The Aircraft Rules, 1937

The Air Corporation Act, 1953

The Air Corporation Act, 1953,

The International Airports Authority Act, 1971,

The Carriage by Air Act, 1972,

The Tokyo Convention Act, 1975,

The Anti-Hijacking Act, 1982,

The National Airports Authority Act, 1985,

The Airports Authority of India Act,1994

Major Player of Singapore Aviation

Jetstar Asia Airways

Jett8 Airlines

Scoot

SilkAir

Singapore Airlines

Singapore Airlines Cargo

Tiger Airways

Valuair

Major Player of India Aviation

Air India

Blue Dart Aviation

Deccan Aviation

GoAir

IndiGo

Jet Airways

Kingfisher Airlines

SpiceJet

Marketing Strategies of Singapore Airlines

Singapore Airline

Cutting-edge quality Service strategy

o More cabin staff per seat than other airlines

o Free of charge amenities to Economy class passengers

o Singapore girl promotion – a sense of style and sophistication,

romance of travel

Aircraft Replacement Strategy

o Replacing new aircraft by every six year

o The youngest and modernist fleet in the industry

o Advanced, fuel-efficient version aircraft

Demographics strategy: Singapore Airlines offers premium flight fares

targeted to businessmen and the wealthy folks., who are willing to fork out

tens of thousands of dollars for a one-way First Class trip from Singapore to

Los Angeles

Air Asia

Social Media:AirAsia has taken giant and successful leaps on the social

media sphere, especially on Facebook and Twitter. The Malaysia-based

low-cost airline has a whopping 835,00 fans on their Facebook page and

100,000 followers on Twitter.

Demographics strategy: Air Asia’ key customer group are those who are

looking for cheap flights to countries located in Southeast Asia, and young

adults looking for a short weekend getaway trip to Thailand will most likely

choose budget airlines such as Air Asia due to their limited budget and choice

of destination.

ISSUES AND CHALLENGES IN SINGAPORE AVIATION:

Growth

We used to grow about 20% a year 20 years ago, and about 15 years ago in themid

teens. And as we mature, we grow at 6 to 8%. So, how do we continue toget high

growth? Acquisition is one of the strategies. But, we can’t expect to getthat kind of

high rate of growth by simply acquiring any airline. We must belooking for airlines

that are firstly in the growth stage, as we were, say 20 yearsago. That kind of airline

must have a very good product, in terms ofsustainability, and good management. So

in a sense we are trying to look forwhat we were like 20 years ago, and to invest in

that airline so that, with a strongmanagement, we don’t have to be distracted or

divert a lot of our managerialfocus and attention on the acquired airline. Then we can

focus on our ownorganic growth. So in that way we are not compromising or taking

awayanything from ourselves.

Managing Alliances

When you get into investment situations with your alliance or equity partners,how do

you deal with partners that are so different from your own company? Forexample,

Virgin,5 it’s a totally different relationship that you have to manage.It’s very new. How

do you get more people to be familiar with dealing withalliance and equity partners?

Because of growing numbers and working withpeople coming from different cultures

and backgrounds, we have to find betterways to manage these relationships. So we

have a new division, Alliance andPartnerships, just to cater to those relationship

issues that we want to get involvedwith.

Product Decisions

[The terrorist attacks of] 9/11 require us to think about our service classes: firstclass,

business class, two classes, three classes, two-and-one-half classes! What5 Virgin

Atlantic, in which SIA had acquired a 49% stake for S$1.6 billion in December,

1999.is it going to be? We still have to think about it. It may not stay three

classesforever.

Globalization

The nature of flying is different now. In some instances, we haven’t realized thatwe

are a global airline and we operated as though we were still a regional airline.Our

systems were arranged to support regional operations rather than global ones,for

example. We now realize the need for the company to review all aspects

ofoperations and for the organizational structure to support a global airline.

Managing Discontinuous Change

The need for us to respond quickly is greater now. It’s not what is happening, it’show

you respond to what is happening 90% of the time. Your response to it isgoing to

make the material difference. So we need more agility, greaterflexibility, and yet how

do we communicate within the more complexorganization? In the past, we could all

go into a room and discuss it and that wasit. So all this has changed and we have to

respond to it, because we are aninternational company.

EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT OF AIRLINE INDUSTRY

We have analyzed the external factors for Singapore airlines using PESTEL

Framework and to identify strategic challenge of external environment and have

been using Five Forces of Framework and SWOT for Singapore airlines.

PESTEL FRAMEWORK

The PEST analysis is one of them that are merely a framework that categorizes

environmental influences as political, economical, social and technological forces.

Sometimes two additional factors environmental and legal, will be added to make a

PESTEL analysis, but these themes can be easily subsumed in the others. This

classification distinguished between:

Political

This refers to government policy as such degree of intervention in the economy. To

what extent does it believe in finance firms such as Singapore Airlines has withdrawn

its bid for a stake in Air India, dealing a heavy blow to the Indian government’s

privatization programmed. This is political barrier for Singapore Airlines.

Economical

These include interest rates, taxation charges, economic growth, inflation and

exchange rates. The SA offer to buy 24% stake in China Eastern Airlines for 7.2

billion Hong Kong dollars appeared in trouble Wednesday after a major shareholder

criticized the deal as unfair.

Social

Changes in social trends can impact on a demand for a firm’s product and availability

and willingness of individuals to work. In the year 2002, there was a fatal crash of

Singapore Airline flight SQ006 at Taipei’s Chiang Kai-Shek International Airport.

Authorities blamed “pilot error” for the accident.

Technological

New technologies create new products and new processes. SA is the first airline to

install a productivity suite for the benefit of its passengers who can now continue to

work after boarding the plane without having to power up their laptops.

INTERNAL ANALYSIS

Strategic Capability of SA

Strategic capability identifies the capacity of a business to deliver future value to his

end user i.e. competitive advantage. It includes the following

Resources & Competence Of SA:

SA is the strongest brand from Asia and its long serving is almost iconic. SA has

consistently been one of the most profitable airlines globally. One of the factor is

strong brand management and healthy brand equity. As a result of a dedicated

professional brand strategy throughout diversified global organization.

Unique & Core Competence Of SA:

SA is first to introduce hot meals, free alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages and hot

towels with a unique and patented scent, personal entertainment systems and video-

on-demand in all cabins.

Competitive Advantage of SA

One key element of SIA’s competitive success is that it manages to navigate skillfully

between poles that most companies think as distinct.

STRATEGIC CHOICES OF SINGAPORE AIRLINES:

Business Level Strategy

o Strategy for competitive advantage

o Meet economical expectations of shareholders

o Strategy for Singapore government satisfaction

Corporate Level Strategy

o Market diversification

o Value creation

SWOT ANALYIS

(1) STRENGHTS

Brand name

Cabin crews

Cuisine

Technology

Innovation

Timings

(2) WEAKNESSES:

Connected with few destinations.

Pricing policy

(3) OPPORTUNITIES:

Demand

Growing Asia Pacific market

Increase in trans-pacific cargo

Global airline market

(4) THREATS:

Competition increase in low cost airlines

Terrorism

Taxation

Increase in prices

Accidents

Instability in the Middle-East

Fuel prices

FIVE FORCES AFFECTING AIRLINE INDUSTRY PROFITABILITY

THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS

Deregulated

Freedom of entry/exit

Availability of aircraft etc.

THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES

Telecommunications

Video Conferencing

High Speed Railroads etc.

Availability of aircraft etc.

BARGAINING

POWER OF

SUPPLIERS

Supply

concentration

Excess to

Capital

Etc.

BARGAINING

POWER OF BUYERS

Bargaining

Leverage

Buyer

Information

Substitute

Products etc.

RIVALRY AMONG

EXISTING AIRLINES

Competing for

growth, market

share etc.

FUTURE TRENDS IN AVIATION:

The travel and hospitality industries are amongst the most vulnerable to global or

local shocks. That means contingencies, cash reserves, hedging of major risks such

as oil prices. But most of all it means agile and bold leadership who think ahead,

with more than one strategy depending on how events unfold.

Airline manufacturers and airlines themselves will continue to exploit significant

energy savings over the next 20 years from a wide range of new technologies,

including better airline engine design, lighter composite fuselage, more direct aircraft

routing. Efficiencies will also be gained from fuller planes, faster turnaround,

economies of scale (consolidation of smaller airlines). For more on greener aviation,

see below.

Passengers will segment further into budget (bus quality), premium budget

(especially older travelers), traditional economy, right up to premier business class in

the largest long haul routes.

Despite energy price rises, our world’s population will continue to want to fly, and will

sacrifice other spending to do so, cushioning the adjustment for the airline industry.

Burning food in plane engines will become very controversial – as it connects energy

and food prices, with potentially disastrous consequences for the poorest citizens

around the globe.

Most planes will continue to burn carbon-based fuel for decades to come – because

the average life expectancy of a new plane today is at least 30 years.

FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS:

Singapore airline is the national airline of Singapore and one of the leading

aviation companies in the world.

At present, they operate in South East Asia, East Asia, Europe and Australia

route.

After analyzing external factors we find that SIA’s has some major barriers in

international political and economical sector.

As we are familiar that oil price is sensitive issue worldwide and day by day

it’s in receipt of more unstable. For those reasons the supplier power is very

high.

In the internal capability shows high brand attributes and strong brand

management as their core competence.

To maintain the current positioning company should concern their internal and

external surroundings.

SUMMARY OF BANKING SECTOR OF SINGAPORE AND INDIA

RESERVE BANK OF INDIA

The Reserve Bank of India was established on April 1, 1935 in accordance with the

provisions of the Reserve Bank Of India Act, 1934. The Central Office of the Reserve Bank

was initially established in Calcutta but was permanently moved to Mumbai in 1937. The

Central Office is where the Governor sits and where policies are formulated. Though

originally privately owned, since nationalization in 1949, the Reserve Bank is fully owned by

the Government of India.

Main Functions of RBI:

It acts as the Monetary Authority.

It regulates and supervises the Financial System.

It acts as the Manager of Foreign Currency

It issues Currency

It has the developmental role to support the National Objectives

It is the banker to the Government

It’s the banker to the Banks

(Reserve Bank of India)

2.2: MONETARY AUTHORITY OF SINGAPORE

2.2.1: INTRODUCTION OF MONETARY AUTHORITY OF

SINGAPORE

The Central Bank of Singapore is the Monetary Authority of Singapore. It was established in

1971 in order to regulate Singapore’s financial industry to aid in its development as an

international financial centre. Its primary function is to ensure that the financial markets

operate in an efficient and smooth manner, in line with national economic goals. The MAS is

responsible for the following:

Main Functions of MAS:

It is concerned with implementing the Monetary Policy

It supervises the Banking Systems

It’s banker to the Government

It’s banker to the Banks

It controls the International Reserves

It issues currency

It issues licences to Banks Issuer of banking licences

It’s the lender of the last resort

(Monitory Autority of Sinapore)

2.2.2: TYPES OF BANKS IN SINGAPORE

Most Banks in Singapore cater to different types of clients – individuals, corporations or

government agencies.

Commercial Banking (catering to Businesses and Corporations),

Retail Banking (catering to individual members of the Public)

Private banking (catering to HNWIs) services. Banks can be classified into two

categories:

1. Local Banks

1.7.1 Six local banks in Singapore

2. Foreign Banks

2.7.1 108 Foreign banks in Singapore

a. Full Banks

a. 26 full license banks in Singapore.

b. They provide whole range of banking business approved under the

Banking Act.

c. Six of the foreign banks operating in Singapore have been awarded

Qualifying Full Bank (QFB) privileges.

d. These Banks include:

i. HSBC, Citibank, Standard Chartered, Maybank, ABN AMRO

and BNP Paribas.

b. Wholesale Banks

a. 42 wholesale banks in Singapore

b. They are engaged in the same range of banking activities as full banks,

except Singapore Dollar retail banking activities.

c. All wholesale banks in Singapore operate as branches of foreign banks.

d. Examples:

i. ING bank, National Australia Bank, Barclays Bank, Fortis

Bank, Deutsche Bank etc.

c. Offshore Banks

a. 40 offshore banks in Singapore

b. They are engaged in the same activities as full and wholesale Banks for

businesses transacted through their Asian Currency Units (an

accounting unit, which banks use to book all foreign currency

transactions conducted in the Asian Dollar Market).

c. The banks’ Singapore dollar transactions are separately booked in the

Domestic Banking Unit (DBU).

d. All these.

e. Operate as branches of foreign banks.

f. Examples:

i. ICICI Bank Ltd, Korea Development Bank, Bank of Taiwan,

Bank of New Zealand, Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce

etc.

d. Merchant Banks

a. 50 merchant banks in Singapore

b. They provide:

i. corporate finance, underwriting of share and bond issues,

mergers and acquisitions, portfolio investment management,

management consultancy and other fee-based activities.

ii. Examples:

1. Credit Suisse Singapore Ltd, Barclays Merchant Bank

Singapore Ltd, ANZ Singapore Ltd, Axis Bank Ltd etc.

(GUIDE ME

SINGAPORE)

2.2.3: MAJOR BANKS IN SINGAPORE

Major Local Banks

DBS (Development Bank Of Singapore)

o Established in 1968.

o It is considered the largest bank in Singapore and Southeast Asia, as measured

by assets.

o It is a leading consumer bank in Singapore and Hong Kong, serving over 4

million and 1 million retail customers respectively.

o It also has the largest retail network in Singapore, with 80 branches at present.

o It ranked 14th in The Banker’s “Top 200 Asian Banks 2008″.

OCBC (Overseas Chinese Banking Corporation)

o Established in 1912

o It is one of the largest financial institutions in the Singapore-Malaysia market

with total assets of S$184 billion.

o It ranked 1st in “Top 5 Regional Banks”, Asia Risk End-User Survey 2008.

UOB (United Overseas Bank)

o Established in 1935

o It is a leading bank in Singapore with a strong presence in the Asia-Pacific

region.

o As at 31 December 2007, the UOB Group had total assets of S$175.0 billion.

o It was awarded the “Best Overall Fund Group in Singapore” during The Edge-

Lipper Singapore Fund Awards 2008.

Major Foreign Banks

HSBC

o In Singapore, The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited

first opened its doors in December 1877.

o HSBC is an approved Primary Dealer in the Singapore Government Securities

Market and an Approved Bond Intermediary (ABI).

o It is a QFB honoured with 33 awards at Global Finance Awards 2006

by Global Finance. (Monetary Authority Of Singapore)

Standard Chartered

o Standard Chartered’s Singapore operation began in 1859 and today boasts of a

largest branch network (20) among international banks in the Republic.

o It is the Group’s second largest consumer banking market and was awarded a

Qualifying Full Bank (QFB) license in 1999.

o It is the largest custodian bank in Singapore for foreign institutions, rated top

for the past seven years in Global Custodian’s Agent Bank Survey.

ABN-AMRO Singapore

o ABN AMRO is now owned by RBS, Santander and the Dutch government.

o Its various businesses around the globe are currently being separated from

ABN AMRO and integrated in line with each owner’s plans.

Maybank

o Maybank’s presence in Singapore began in 1960 as a full-licensed commercial

bank.

o Maybank is currently among the top five banks in ASEAN and is a Qualifying

Full Bank in Singapore.

o As of June 2008, Maybank’s total assets amounted to S$22.7 billion in

Singapore.

BNP Paribas

o BNP Paribas has been at the forefront of banking in Singapore since 1968 and

was awarded a QFB status in 1999.

o Today, BNP Paribas Singapore assumes a prominent presence in the region by

acting as the Group’s regional hub for its business in Corporate and

Investment Banking as well as Private Banking.

Citibank

o Citibank was the first American bank to set up a branch in Singapore in 1902.

o Although a relative latecomer to the retail-banking sector.

o The bank has grown into a formidable market player with major market share

in key businesses including unsecured lending, deposits and investments and

secured assets.

o Citibank was among the first four foreign banks to be awarded the Qualifying

Full Bank (QFB) license in 1999.

(GUIDE ME

SINGAPORE)

2.3: BANK REGULATIONS AND LEGISLATION

In Singapore, the laws regulating Banking are found in the relevant Acts passed by

Parliament (and other related subsidiary legislation), the common law and principles and

rules of Equity which are derived from the case law. These legislations not only regulates the

Banking Sector in Singapore, but also ensure that the legal framework for Banking in

Singapore and keeps pace with the latest developments in the financial World. The relevant

acts pertaining to the Banking Industry include:

1. Banking Act – The Banking Act is the legislation that governs commercial banks in

Singapore.

2. Monetary Authority Of Singapore Act – It governs all matters related to MAS in it’s

operations.

3. Anti Money Laundering Regulations

4. Payment and Settlement System Guidelines

5. Securities and Futures Act

2.4 ANALYSIS: INDIA V/S SINGAPORE

2.4.1: DOMESTIC CREDIT PROVIDED BY BANKING SECTOR (% OF GDP)

(WorldBank)

From the above chart, it can be analysed that India has been very competitive when compared

to Singapore and the domestic credit provided by Banking Sector in both the countries is

continuously rising, which is a good sign.

2.4.2: GDP (CURRENT US$)

(WorldBank)

62 63 70

77

91 86

58 61 61 68 69 71

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Singapore India

0.00

500000000000.00

1000000000000.00

1500000000000.00

2000000000000.00

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Singapore

India

From the above chart, it can be analyzed that the GDP of both the countries are continuously

rising, for India, the change is very nominal but it’s a pretty good rise for Singapore, except

for the year 2008 where it was stable. The reason for this is recession in India during the year

2008 which affected both the countries, as far as their GDP is concerned.

2.4.3: GDP GROWTH (ANNUAL %)

(WorldBank)

The above chart clearly defines that annual GDP growth of Singapore and India. When

compared to India, the change in the GDP Growth Rate of Singapore is significant.

2.4.4: COMMERCIAL BANK BRANCHES (PER 100,000 ADULTS)

(WorldBank)

From the above chart we can conclude the Singapore has more bank branches rather than

India in the year 2005, 2006, and 2007 and at par in the year 2008 and 2009 but fortunately,

7 9 9

1 -1

14

9 9 10

5

9 9

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Singapore India

9

9.5

10

10.5

11

11.5

12

12.5

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Singapore

India

in India, the number of Bank Branches has increased the banking sector growth because of

formation of new banking policy in the year 2010. (Per 1,00,000 adults)

2.4.5: BANK CAPITAL TO ASSETS RATIO (%)

(WorldBank)

According to World Bank data, the overall bank capital to assets ratio of Singapore is higher

than that of India year on year. Due, to Global Crisis, the ratio for both the countries is less

for the year 2008.

2.4.6: BANK NONPERFORMING LOANS TO TOTAL GROSS LOANS (%)

(WorldBank)

10 10 9

8

10 10

6 7

6 7 7 7

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Singapore India

4

3

2 2 2 2

5

3 3

2 2 2

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Singapore India

The above graph shows the relation between bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans

ratio of last five year. In the year 2005 and 2007, the ratio is higher of India than that of

Singapore and for the year 2006, 2008, 2009 and 2010, it is constant for both the countries.

2.4.7: BANK CAPITAL TO ASSETS RATIO (%)

(WorldBank)

The above graph represents Bank Capital to Asset Ratio in percentage. It can be analysed that

it’s increasing for both the countries except in the year 2007 where it’s declining for both the

countries by 1% and again decrease of 1% in the year 2008 for Singapore.

2.4.8: LENDING INTEREST RATE (%)

(WorldBank)

10 10 9

8

10 10

6 7

6 7 7 7

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Singapore India

5 5 5 5 5 5

11 11

13 13 12

11

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Singapore India

The above graph represents the Lending Rates in percentage. The lending rates of India are

significantly higher of India than that of Singapore. For, India the rates are fluctuating to

regulate the money supply in the economy which was a major focus for India in recent years,

whereas for Singapore it’s stable.

2.4.9: OFFICIAL EXCHANGE RATE (US$, PERIOD AVERAGE)

(WorldBank)

The above graph represents the exchange rates between India and US and Singapore and US.

The exchange rates between Singapore and US are stable over the time and changes are not

major whereas, the exchange rate between India and US is fluctuating and the major change

can be seen from the year 2006 to 2009. This is because of Global crisis and again the

imports are more for India than exports. The fluctuating exchange rates for India results in

huge loss for companies associated in Exports and Imports.

44 45 41

44 48 46 47

2 2 2 1 1 1 1

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

INDIA SINGAPORE

2.4.10: COMPARISON BETWEEN FINANCIAL SERVICE SECTORS WITH OTHER

BUSINESS SECTORS.

(WorldBank)

The above chart shows the comparison between Financial Sectors with other Business

Sectors. The Financial Service sector is quite stable when compared to other sectors. This is

majorly because of the stability of exchange rate. The Business services are also rising.

2.5: MAS/CENTRAL BANK BALANCE SHEET

MAS/Central Bank Balance Sheet S$ MILLION

2.6: STRENGTHS OF BANKING IN SINGAPORE:

Economic resilience is "very low risk", supported by the highly competitive, diverse,

and resilient economy-factors which provide buffers against external shocks.

The institutional framework is "very low risk", benefiting from prudent banking

regulations and supervision, a strong regulatory track record, and supportive

governance framework which is benefiting at long term.

Competitive dynamics are "low risk", reflecting the banking industry's restrained risk

appetite, stable competitive environment as well as a healthy market and absence of

market distortions.

Liberalization in the domestic banking market.

Local banks are strengthened by their regional presence through mergers and

acquisitions.

Increased competition spurred the development of innovative products and more

competitive pricing models.

Provision of sophisticated banking services like corporate and investment banking

activities, apart from traditional lending and deposit-taking functions.

Strict banking secrecy laws, tax friendly policies and a suite of wealth management

services created a private banking boom.

Recognizing the needs of SME’s which comprise a sizable Banking Market in

Singapore.

(Monetary Authority Of Singapore) (WorldBank)

END OF PERIOD

ASSETS LIABILITIES OTHER ITEMS (NET)

TOTAL

DOMESTIC CREDIT RESERVE MONEY

FOREIGN LIABILITIES

GOVERNMENT DEPOSITS

FOREIGN ASSETS

TOTAL

GOVERNMENT

PRIVATE SECTOR

1 2=3+4

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

2007

235691.6 6501.9 6501.7 0.2 28061.0 1865.0 108948.1 103319.4 242193.5

2008

251318.2 6860.3 6860.1 0.2 34122.7 1732.3 132711.3 89,612.2 168566.3

2009

264533.2 7381.8 7381.6 0.2 36344.0 3238.6 117077.7 115254.7 271915.0

2010

289376.6 7480.8 7480.7 0.1 40529.7 2770.3 130490.2 123,067.2

173790.2

2011

308530.8 6813.8 6813.7 0.1 45431.8 3409.8 144112.9 122390.1 315344.6

2.7 GROWTH OF PRIVATE BANKING INDUSTRY

Singapore has capitalized on the growing no. of high net worth individuals in Asia and other

regions like Europe and the Middle East, emerging as an attractive hub for global investors.

Singapore has earned the title “Switzerland of Asia”, attributable to:

Strict banking secrecy laws– Sec. (47) of the Banking Act states that consumer details

shall not, in any way, be disclosed by an any bank or any of its officers, to any other

person except as expressly provided in the Banking Act.

Non-recognition of the 2005 European Tax Directive– Singapore is one of the few

remaining offshore centers that has not signed up to the EU;s saving tax Directive,

whose country members can transit private details regarding to individuals who bank

and invest in these countries.

Generous tax incentives– capital gains and interest income from outside Singapore are

not taxed here

Private Banks such as Credit Suisse, UBS, standard chartered and Citigroup to name a few,

provides the following facilities:

Global wealth management services

Wealth and lifestyle consulting services

Investment strategies

Asset and tax planning

Asset security

Credit Services

2.8 KEY FINDINGS:

The key findings from this report are presented as under:

Domestic credit provided by Banking in Singapore (% of GDP) is significantly rising

for both the countries. Singapore saw a decline in the same in the year 2010 by 5% as

compared to 2009, whereas, it has increased for India.

The lending rates of in India are reducing where as for Singapore; it is stable and

significantly lesser than that of India. From this, it can be analysed that there are

Arbitrage opportunities possible from the same and Market for taking loan in

Singapore would be quite high.

The exchange rates of Singapore are quite stable than that of India.

The Strengths of Banking in Singapore is in large quantum which shows that the

feasibility of Banking in Singapore is high.

The foreign assets of MAS are significantly rising over the period of years.

The lending rates of India are significantly higher of India than that of Singapore. For,

India the rates are fluctuating to regulate the money supply in the economy which was

a major focus for India in recent years, whereas for Singapore it’s stable.

The overall bank capital to assets ratio of Singapore is higher than that of India year

on year. Due, to Global Crisis, the ratio for both the countries is less for the year

2008.

The scope of Banking in India is also high with special reference to Rural Area as

there the large quantum of Market is untapped, especially in developing states.

The employment opportunities in Singapore and India are high as the feasibility for

Banking in both the countries is high.

The norms of Banking in India are more complex than that of Singapore.

The Banking System is much more protective in India as during crisis in 2008-09, the

GDP of India didn’t let to breakdown much.

The overall bank capital to assets ratio is Singapore higher then India in every

consecutive year in the same proportion. The year 2008 is lower in all year because of

Global crisis.

SUMMARY OF ELECTRONICS SECTOR OF SINGAPORE

ECONOMIC AND INDUSTRIES OVERVIEWS:

The electronics industry today plays a vital role in the development of most nations as it has

grown substantially and strongly over the past decades. This industry moves closer to the

centre and drives rapid economic development of the world, taking its place in the heart of

one country after another.

INDIAN ELECTRONIC INDUSTRY:

India is the fifth largest economy in the world and has the second largest GDP among

emerging economies. Owing to its large population, the potential consumer demand is almost

unlimited and consequently under appropriate conditions, strong growth performance can be

expected. The electronics industry, in particular, is emerging as one of the most important

industry in the Indian market.

The electronics industry in India dates back to the early 1960s. Electronics was initially

restricted to the development and maintenance of fundamental communication systems

including radio-broadcasting, telephonic and telegraphic communication, and augmentation

of defence capabilities. Until 1984, the electronics sector was primarily government owned.

The late 1980s witnessed a rapid growth of the electronics industry due to sweeping

economic changes, resulting in the liberalization and globalization of the economy. The

economic transformation was motivated by two compelling factors - the determination to

boost economic growth, and to accelerate the development of export-oriented industries, like

the electronics industry.

SINGAPORE ELECTRONIC INDUSTRY:

Electronics is the major industry underpinning Singapore’s economic growth. Singapore aims

to be a world-class electronics hub, creating manufacturing solutions and producing high

value-added components for the global market. This is the choice location for companies and

talent to create and manage new markets, advanced products and processes, technologies and

applications.

The Singapore's semiconductor industry has grown from humble beginnings as an assembly-

and test-subcontracting supplier to a fully integrated, cutting-edge technology wafer

fabrication hub. With about 13 state-of-the-art wafer fabs nationwide, the small island of

Singapore is way ahead of its Southeast Asia neighbours in the development of the region's

chip-making infrastructure. Semiconductors, as well as related production equipment and

materials, are a key focus of the Singapore’s Industry initiative. An important advantage for

investors is that the government is a significant shareholder in most of the island's wafer fabs.

TRADE AND COMMERCE

INDIA

The electronics industry has recorded very high growth in subsequent years. By 1991, private

investments - both foreign and domestic - were encouraged. The easing of foreign investment

norms, allowance of 100 percent foreign equity, reduction in custom tariffs, and delicensing

of several consumer electronic products attracted remarkable amount of foreign collaboration

and investment. The domestic industry also responded favorably to the politic policies of the

government. The opening of the electronics field to private sector enabled entrepreneurs to

establish industries to meet hitherto suppressed demand. The Indian Electronics Industry is a

text for investors who are seeing India as a potential investment opportunity.

Improvements in the electronics industry have not been limited to a particular segment, but

encompass all its sectors. Strides have been made in the areas of commercial electronics,

software, telecommunications, instrumentation, positioning and networking systems, and

defence. The result has been a significant trade growth that began in the late 1990s.

Despite commendable achievements in the sphere of electronics, considerable infrastructural

improvements remain a priority. Water, power, telecommunications, and transportation

sectors must still be amplified so that high economic growth can be sustained.

Due to liberalization policies of 1980’s, Output from electronics plants in India grew from

Rs1.8 billion in FY 1970 to Rs8.1 billion in FY 1980 and to Rs123 billion in FY 1992. Most

of the expansion too

k place in the production of computers and consumer electronics. Indian Production of

Computer rose from 7,500 units in 1985 to 60,000 units in 1988 and to an estimated 200,000

units in 1992. During this period, major advances were made in the domestic computer

industry that led to more sales. Consumer electronics in India account for about 30% of total

electronics production of the country.

SINGAPORE

With good physical infrastructure support, such as specialized power and water supplies,

waste treatment and other ancillary services already in place, Singapore’s Economic

Development Board (EDB) is hostilely courting investments from both multinational

corporations and local companies. It is offering incentives such as research and development

funding and tax rebates. The key aspect of the "Silicon Valley concept" for Singapore is its

ability to capture the entire value chain of semiconductor production. Industry specific

supporting facilities that have come on line include silicon wafer production, photo-masking

and a high-purity hydrogen peroxide plant.

EDB reports that there are more than 40 semiconductor companies and 160 supporting

organizations operating at all levels of the value chain. The Association of Electronics

Industries of Singapore (AEIS) and the Singapore Manufacturers’ Federation/EEAIIG are the

two organizations working for the development of electronics industry in Singapore. Most

ASEAN countries are not in direct competition with Singapore, as Singapore has decided to

target sectors with higher technologies.

In 2009, electronics contributed an output of almost S$63 billion and employed more than

76,000 workers. Of the S$11.8 billion in fixed asset investment Singapore received that year,

electronics was the largest contributor, accounting for 41.5%.

The charts above, showing India’s trade with Singapore since 2002-03, shows a remarkable trend

of upward movement. From the trade figures, it is quite specious that Indian exports to and

imports from Singapore have been rising substantially since CECA. Indian exports nearly

doubled from Rs. 9,764 crore in 2003-04 to Rs. 17,975 crore in 2004-05. A major reason for this

probably was the anticipation for CECA’s signing, which was in its final stages of negotiation at

the time. Total trade has gone up from Rs. 13,823.6 crore in 2002-03 to Rs. 62,344.4 crore in

2007-08, a nearly five-fold increase.

OVERVIEW OF BUSINESS AND TRADE AT INTERNATIONAL

LEVEL

INDIA

As the market of India is rising like plant growing in the garden in electronics sectors the

demand for the Indian market is expected to reach at the peak point in 2020 by US $ 400

billion. Manufacturing has been recognized as the main engine for economic growth and

exciting target of taking the share of ICT and electronics hardware manufacturing to around

25% within the reach of 2025 has been setup by National Manufacturing Policy. As the India

is second largest peopled country in the world, there are many coupled with strong growth,

India will remain one of the largest consumers of electronics products globally.

The industry is composed to ride the wave of domestic demand for electronic products.

Developing core areas of design and application development will only help totoss the Indian

electronics and manufacturing industry towards greater innovation.

In 2011 the US trade deficit in relation with the India goods is US $ 14.5 billion which is

been increased from 2010 by $ 4.3 billion. In 2010 the US goods shortfall was increased by

12.4% that is in US $ 21.6 billion. As per the above data India is the 17th

largest export maker

for US goods. Export of US towards the private commercial service which eliminates military

and government. In 2010 the US exports to India was 10.3 billion and vice versa the US

import from India was 13.7 billion. Majority of sale service affiliated by US in India was 13.9

billion in 2009 & vice versa of that the majority of sale service affiliated by India’s owned

firm in US was 7.2 billion.

The industry constitutes less than 1% of the global market. However, demand for these

products is growing quickly and investments are smooth in to augment manufacturing

capacity.

a) India remains a major importer of electronic materials, components and finished

equipment amounting to around $20 billion in 2007. The country imports electronic goods

mainly from China

b) In the last four years, production of computers has grown at a compounded annual growth

rate (CAGR) of 31%, the highest among the various electronic products in India. This has

been followed by communication and broadcast equipment (25%), strategic electronics

(20%) and industrial electronics (17%).

c) The consumer electronics segment, which has grown at a CAGR of 10% in the last five

years, includes a wide range of products such as DVD, VCD/MP3 players, television sets and

microwave ovens.

d) The growth in demand for telecom products has been high, with India adding two million

mobile phone users every month, which is one of the main reasons for the growth in

production of electronic goods. This growth is expected to continue over the next decade, too.

e) The government has recognized electronics and IT hardware manufacturing as one of the

thrust areas for development. A special incentive package scheme (SIPS) was announced in

March 2007 to appeal investments for semiconductor fabrication and other micro and

nanotechnology manufacturing industries in India.

f) In the case of exports, the largest share was taken by electronic components, with 47% of

total electronic exports. Exports of electronic components have grown at a CAGR of 25% in

the last five years.

g) India’s main destination for electronic goods is the US.

India however remains a major importer of electronic materials, components and finished

equipment amounting to over US$12 Billion in 2005.India is also an exporter of a huge range

of electronic components and products for the following segments -

Display technologies

Entertainment electronics

Optical Storage devices

Passive components

Electromechanical components

Telecom equipment

Semiconductor designing

Electronic Manufacturing Services (EMS)

Indian Electronics Industry Exports are given below

Electronics & IT Production (Calendar Year)

(Rs. crore)

Item 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007*

Consumer Electronics 13,580 14,850 16,500 17,500 19,500 21,880

Industrial Electronics 5,400 5,980 8,300 8,600 10,100 11,560

Computers 4,180 6,600 8,680 10,500 12,500 15,500

Communication & Broadcast

Equipment

4,800 5,150 4,770 6,300 9,200 13,150

Strategic Electronics 2,330 2,670 2,850 3,070 4,500 5,700

Components 6,510 7,450 8,700 8,530 8,600 9,320

Sub-Total 36,800 42,700 49,800 54,500 64,400 77,110

Software for Export 44,000 55,000 75,000 97,000 132,025 157,500

Domestic Software 12,000 15,500 20,500 27,000 35,150 44,730

Total 92,800 113,200 145,300 178,500 231,575 279,340

*Estimated

Source: Electronic Industries Association of India

SINGAPORE

Singapore is a major manufacturing and trading centre in the region for electronic products,

components and parts, and supporting services. This section considers Singapore’s position in

the industry value chain, including production, technology development, procurement,

marketing and sales.

Data initiated from the International Economic Database of the Australian National

University (ANU) show that, among the eight economies in this study, Singapore ranked first

as an exporter of office and computing machinery (ISIC 3825) and electrical machinery (ISIC

383) and second only to Hong Kong as an importer. As illustrated, this dominant position can

be accounted for by large domestic production and entrecote trade.

Singapore’s national trade data (excluding trade with Indonesia) illustrate the composition of

domestic exports and re-exports and the product alignment in its total exports. In 1992,

Singapore’s total trade in electronics reached US$74.3 billion, with imports of US$30.8

billion and exports of US$43.5 billion, of which re-exports accounted for 26.5%. The largest

categories of domestic exports were disk drives, computers and subassemblies, integrated

circuits (ICs), television (TV) receivers and subassemblies, and color TV sets. Re-exports

were concentrated in ICs, computers and subassemblies, disk drives, color TV sets, radios

and videocassette recorders (VCRs), and telecommunications equipment.

In 2011, the sector donated an output of US$86.1 billion, accounting for 6.3% of Singapore’s

total GDP, and employed more than 82,000 workers.

Singapore’s domestic exports of electronics still depend on US–EC markets, which immersed

64.1% of such exports in 1992. East Asia accounted for 26.3%, but Japan’s share was only

5.1%. The very small Japanese share is noteworthy in view of the extensive presence of

Japanese electronics firms in Singapore and may be attributed to both Japan’s import barriers

and the corporate strategies of Japanese electronics firms in Singapore.

From the early 1980s to the early 1990s, Singapore became a key manufacturing base for

original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) as production costs increased in the OEMs’ home

base. The Singapore Government stimulated the sector’s development through investments in

state-owned enterprises like Chartered Semiconductor, NatSteel Electronics. A host of

smaller private-sector Singapore firms emerged, many as suppliers to the MNCs, but others

as innovators themselves (Creative Technology and its soundcards). In the 1990s, several

large contract assemblers grew, including Venture and NatSteel Broadway. By the mid-

1990s, electronics was contributing over half the economy’s manufacturing output, up from

23.6% in 1985 and 10.7% in 1975.

TABLE: ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION BY ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY

Year Real GDP

Growth %

Electronics

Output as

% of Total Output

Manufacturing

% Employment in

Electronics

1988 11.1 38.7 34.8

1990 7.3 39.1 34.9

1995 8.8 51.4 34.3

1996 7.0 50.8 34.9

1997 8.5 50.5 33.8

1998 -0.9 50.1 31.7

1999 6.4 52.1 21.2

2000 9.4 51.3 29.7

2001 -2.4 45.0 28.4

2002 2.2 42.2 26.7

2003 0.8 (est.) 40.0 27.1 (est.)

Source: Research Paper on Foreign Trade Performance of Singapore

The weakness of the dependence on electronics for such a large share of output and exports

was brought home in 2001, when Singapore suffered a sharp economic recession. The 2001-

2002 downturn in global electronics demand (global sales of semiconductors plunged 34% in

2001) saw Singapore’s domestic exports of electronics down 20% to S$59 million (US$32

billion at then current exchange rates) in 2001 (the U.S. absorbs 20% of Singapore’s

electronics shipments). Shipments were down in all segments of the electronics industry.

Exports of electronics fell further in 2002, to S$57 billion (US$32 billion at end-2002

exchange rates), or 25% below their level in 2000 and 10% below the 1997 level.

Electronics Trade

(Percent Share)

Electronics Exports: CY 2001 CY 2002 CY 2003

As a percentage of Total Exports 52.6 52.1 49.7

To U.S. as percentage of Total Exports 11.6 10.9 9.7

To U.S. as percentage of NODX 26.2 24.7 21.5

To U.S. as percentage of Electronics Exports 22.1 20.9 19.6

Electronics NODX as percentage of NODX 61.0 57.9 52.9

Source: Research Paper on Foreign Trade Performance of Singapore

PRESENT TRADE RELATIONS AND BUSINESS VOLUME OF

DIFFERENT PRODUCTS WITH INDIA

A short-term look at trends for some of the main commodities of import/ export will shed some

light on the composition of trade between the two countries. The main commodities exported

and imported by India to/ from Singapore in the last few years are given in the table below:

MINERAL FUELS, MINERAL OILS AND PRODUCTS OF THEIR DISTILLATION;

BITUMINOUS SUBSTANCES; MINERAL WAXES.

SHIPS, BOATS AND FLOATING STRUCTURES.

NUCLEAR REACTORS, BOILERS, MACHINERY AND MECHANICAL APPLIANCES;

PARTS THEREOF.

ELECTRICAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT AND PARTS THEREOF; SOUND

RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS,

TELEVISION IMAGE AND SOUND RECORDERS AND REPRODUCERS, AND PARTS.

NATURAL OR CULTURED PEARLS,PRECIOUS OR SEMIPRECIOUS

STONES,PRE.METALS,CLAD WITH PRE.METAL AND

ARTCLS THEREOF;IMIT .JEWLRY;COIN.

IRON AND STEEL ALUMINIUM AND ARTICLES THEREOF.

AIRCRAFT, SPACECRAFT, AND PARTS THEREOF.

PRINTED BOOKDS, NEWSPAPERS, PICTURES AND OTHER PRODUCTS OF THE

PRINTING INDUSTRY; MANUSCRIPTS, TYPESCRIPTS AND PLANS.

ORGANIC CHEMICALS

VEHICLES OTHER THAN RAILWAY OR TRAMWAY ROLLING STOCK, AND PARTS

AND ACCESSORIES THEREOF.

Source: Export Import Data Bank, Ministry of Commerce, Government of India

Source: Export Import Data Bank, Ministry of Commerce, Government of India

In the annexure, there are tables analyzing export/ import trends in some of the above

commodities. In exports, there has been a very explosive movement in growth rates of the top

5

commodities. For example, gemstones and precious metals had 2 successive years of more

than 100% growth, which was followed by a 87.46% drop in 2006-07 that brought the value

of export back to around the original level. Mineral oil and fuel products (motor oils, fuel oil,

petroleum products, diesel, ATF, etc.) have increased to become 55% of all exports from

India to Singapore. Shipping and boat goods (such as floating/ submersible drilling/

production platforms, small vessels for transport of persons and goods) registered huge

growth in export around time of CECA’s launch and have grown to 7.3% of India’s exports

to Singapore from 1.14% in 2003-04. Unwrought aluminum, copper wires and diamond are

other important items of export.

India’s Imports Exports from/to Singapore:

India’s main imports from Singapore comprise electronic goods, non-electrical machinery,

organic chemicals, project goods, transport equipment, artificial resins and professional

instruments (non-electronic).

Electronic items are India’s largest imports from Singapore. The value of such imports has

increased from US$1.31 billion in 2005-06 to US$1.65 billion in 2006-07. Out of around 440

different electronic products imported by India from Singapore, some of the leading ones are

photosensitive transistor diodes, electronic integrated circuits, telephones for cellular and

wireless networks, apparatus for control and distribution of electricity, electrical machinery

parts, laser and magnetic discs for reproducing purpose, optical fiber cables, remote control

apparatus (excluding radio), apparatus for switching, static convertors, generating sets with

spark ignition, fixed capacitors, transmission apparatus, digital cameras, smart cards, video

recorders and parts for line telephone apparatus.

Under the ‘Early Harvest Program of the CECA, India eliminated customs duties on 506

items originating from Singapore from 1 August 2005. These include a large number of items

in electronics, machinery, organic chemicals and other product categories that are currently

figuring on the list of India’s important imports from Singapore.

Singapore is India’s fourth largest export market and the country’s biggest trade partner

among the Association of Southeast Asian (ASEAN) The ASEAN countries account for 9.5

percent of India’s total commodity exports. Within ASEAN, Singapore alone absorbs 4.5

percent of India’s exports. On the other hand, Singapore is India’s 10th largest source of

imports. At present, it accounts for 3.27 percent of India’s total commodity imports.

Singapore accounts for around three percent of India’s machinery and instrument exports.

India exports a diverse array of machines and instruments to Singapore. These include

printing machinery (parts and accessories), compression ignition engines, aircraft engines,

tool holders and machine die heads, boring or sinking machinery, electrically operated textile.

spinning machines, different categories of valves, taps and similar appliances, window and

wall air-conditioners, roller bearings, machine parts and mechanical appliances, accessories,

compressors, printed circuit boards, water and filtering/purifying machinery and centrifugal

electrically operated pumps.

Indian exports to Singapore have shown a lower rate of growth. Indian imports from

Singapore, however, have shown a higher rate of growth. If this trend continues and

strengthens over time, then future India-Singapore trade will be driven more by India’s

imports as opposed to India’s exports.

Source: Export Import Data Bank, Ministry of Commerce, Government of India

Source: Export Import Data Bank, Ministry of Commerce, Government of India

India's Export to some important countries during the period from 2005-06 to 2009-10

Source: Export Import Data Bank, Ministry of Commerce, Government of India

Source: Export Import Data Bank, Ministry of Commerce, Government of India

Source: Export Import Data Bank, Ministry of Commerce, Government of India

Source: Export Import Data Bank, Ministry of Commerce, Government of India

Trade Data

An analysis of trade statistics indicates rapid growth in trade between India and Singapore

over the last decade. Since CECA, there has been a important growth in trade flows between

the two countries. This trade data relates to trade in merchandise/ goods, not services.

Table which shows Period-wise growth in export, import and trade between India and

Singapore.

There are many polices affecting electronics industry. In India & Singapore are

related industrial policy-1, foreign investment policy, government- MNC partnership, trade

policy, national policy on electronics 2011 announced.

Period Export Import Trade

Period Export (%) Import(%) Trade(%)

a) 1992-93 to 1996-97 21.4 10.5 13.7

b) 1997-98 to 2001-02 3.5 4.7 2.5

c) 2002-03 to 2006-07 46.1 34.4 38.7

Source: Computed from Handbook of Statistics on the Indian Economy of the Reserve Bank

of India.

Petroleum is India’s main export to Singapore. Other leading Indian exports to Singapore

include gems and jewellery, machinery and instruments, transport equipment, electronic

goods and non-ferrous metals.

The rate of growth for the last 4 years has averaged at 36.4% for exports, 37.16% for imports

and 34.57% for total trade. However, there has been some difference in this. The growth rate

for exports has been heading downwards since that first big jump between 2003-04 and 2004-

05. Imports growth rate has been growing steadily, and total trade growth rate has been more

even.

POSSIBILITIES/NEW OPPORTUNITIES OF BUSINESS

SINGAPORE:

With existing abilities in IC design, R&D and manufacturing technologies, Singapore’s

electronics industry also provides the opportunity to develop solutions addressing the

challenges of tomorrow, through the new growth areas of green electronics, bioelectronics,

security and plastic electronics. In addition, the manufacturing of finished electronics

products creates many spin-offs to other segments of the economy, such as precision

component manufacturers, electronic manufacturing systems companies and logistics service

providers.

Analogue IC design is the key enabling capability for power management and energy

harvesting. To pre-position the nation in advanced analogue and mixed-signal design

capabilities, Singapore’s new IC Design Centre of Excellence, VIRTUS, was launched.

The S$50 million jointly funded center by Nanyang Technological University (NTU) and the

Singapore Economic Development Board aims to be a world-class IC design house,

developing key technologies required to design combined circuits and systems for

applications in medical technology, clean technology and consumer electronics.

The centre’s research activities can be broadly divided into the following major areas:

analogue, mixed-signal, power management and data converters; energy harvesting; low-

power RF and mm-wave ICs; and new technology directions such as 3D-integration and

physical design, 3D RF and mixed-signal circuits, and terahertz IC. Apart from its primary

focus in design, innovation and enterprise, VIRTUS is also committed to train more than

100Post graduate students and researchers in the next five years.

INDIA:

While the WTO Agreement has opened almost the entire electronic hardware sector to zero

import duty, local manufacturing is faced with huge disabilities which makes indigenous

manufacturing uncompetitive against Asian manufacturers such as China, Thailand, Malaysia

and singapore etc.

“The industry has to deal with additional disability factor related costs such as higher

interest rates, energy costs, cascading taxes and procedural delays making imports cheaper

and an attractive proposition”.

The gap between demand and local manufacture for electronic hardware has been growing

fast and steadily and unless the local industry is offered a level playing field and incentives

to invest, we will be faced with the twin problem of uncontrollable growth of imports and a

shrinking local manufacturing base.

It is estimated that demand for electronics hardware in India would rise from US$30 Bn

today to US$ 320 Bn by 2015 and if we can produce even 50% of this locally, Electronics

Hardware can provide direct employment to 7 million workers and an additional 14 million

jobs.

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF BUSINESS/ TRADE WITH

SINGAPORE PROSPECTS

PROBLEMS/ TRADE BARRIERS

SINGAPORE

Some of the factors that affect electronics industry of Singapore are labor wages, investment

promotion activity, geographical location, proactive government policy, large market support,

accelerating change in technology, price changing and imperative to lower costs

Pay Television

In March 2010, the Ministry of Information, Communications, and the Arts, through its sub-

agency, the Media Development Authority, released new regulations to require pay television

providers to “cross carry” high-class broadcasting content acquired after March 12, 2010.

With the help of this rule in the imports and exports of Singapore economy a pay television

company with an exclusive contract for a channel would be required to offer that content to

customers of other pay television companies.

Basic Telecommunications

By the end of 2012 Singapore next generation national broadband fiber network should allow

fuller, more reasonably priced network access to provide telecommunication services to

homes and businesses, with the help of passing the bottleneck of sing Teleowned circuits

nearly about the 70% of the home network are being connected within the end of August,

2011.

Audiovisual and Media Services

Now a days with the help of audiovisual and media services the use of the electronics devices

have increased the Singapore restricts the use of satellite dishes and has not official direct-to-

home satellite television services. Singapore Media Development Authority must license the

installation and operation of broadcast receiving equipment, including satellite dishes.

Distribution, importation, foreign newspaper must be approved by the government. Singapore

has banned the circulation of some foreign publications when it is been perceived crime of

the Singapore economy in the publication.

Banking

Singapore maintains legal distinctions between foreign currency transactions conducted in the

Asian Dollar Market and Singapore Dollar transactions and the type of license held. In retail

banking sector of the Singapore laws does not distinguish between the foreign and domestic

banks. In mixture with foreign banks and other financial institutions the issue of credit cards

in Singapore is unable to provide ATM cards and services through their own local network

for holders of those cards.

Foreign banks do not face the same restrictions for credit cards that they issue outside of

Singapore. The Minister in charge of the Monetary Authority of Singapore must provide

specific types of approve for acquisitions of the voting shares of a local bank above specific

beginnings. Although it has lifted the formal ceilings on foreign ownership of local banks and

finance companies, the government of Singapore has indicated that it will not allow a foreign

takeover of its three major local financial institutions

INDIA

Insurance

In late 2008 India introduced legislation to allow foreign equity participation of up to 49

percent and also allow entry of foreign Re-insurers. In 2009, the Insurance Laws

(Amendment) Bill went to the Standing Committee on Finance for assessment; the

Committee did not release its report on the bill until December2011, recommending against

increasing the 26 percent foreign equity capital Under current regulations, at the 10 year

mark, any partner in an insurance enterprise is required to divest its equity stake down to 26

percent. The requirement efficiently applies only to Indian partners by giving the equity

capital of 26 percent for maintaining the joint ventures.

Audiovisual Services

US companies continue to experience difficulty importing film and video publicity materials

and are unable to license merchandise. Although India has removed most barriers to the

importation of motion pictures.

Accounting

No foreign accounting firms can enter into the accounting code of the Indian Accounting

Services sector because they first have to be the members or part of Institute of Chartered

Accountant of India for which they have to undergo the practical training of ICAI which is

been accredited by organization and with the help of passing an examination they can enter in

to the Indian Accounting Service Sector. Only firms established as a partnership may provide

financial auditing services, and foreign-licensed accountants may not be equity partners in an

Indian accounting firm.

Postal and Express Delivery

The Post Office Act 1898 replace the proposed bill which is being revised in 2011. The bill

revised by the post department is about the certain features of the bill include the certain

question of the parliament. Through the passing of bill monopoly on express delivery of

items weights up to 50 grams & to inspect the same they requires the private operators charge

double than the express mail service rate in order to provide service falling within the

monopoly. With the help of passing of bill will establish a new licensing and registration

scheme over their competitors by granting India Post Regulatory Authority. US companies

have expressed concern both with the elements of bill disclosed thus far and with the

possibility that the bill may move ahead to parliamentary approval without an opportunity for

stakeholder input on the final text of the bill.

Education

As a under developing countries India possess the lack of knowledge and skills. Due to lack

of knowledge the representative of India works as the governing boards and also works for

the universities. In 2012 the issues regarding the Foreign Education Providers Bill has stated

that the control on fees and expelling salaries and income from the research has created the

potential for the double taxation.

PROSPECTS

National Policy on Electronics 2011 announced

The Ministry of Communications & IT has announced the Draft National Agenda on ICTE.

This includes the Draft National Policies on Electronics, IT and Telecom. The Draft National

Policy on Electronics was announced on 4th October. The National Policy of Electronics,

2011 envisions creating a globally competitive ESDM industry including nano-electronics to

meet the country's needs and serve the international market. The Main Policy Objectives are:

To achieve a turnover of about USD 400 Billion by 2020 involving investment of

about USD 100 Billion and employment of around 28 million by 2020.

To set up over 200 Electronic Manufacturing Clusters

To increase export in ESDM sector to USD 80 billion by 2020

To develop core competencies in sectors like automotive, avionics, industrial,

medical, solar, information & broadcasting, etc.

To significantly enhance availability of skilled manpower and upscale high-end

human resource creation

New electronic policy aims $400-bn by 2020:

In order to promote manufacturing of electronic and telecom products in India,

Communications and IT Minister Kapil Sibal has proposed creating an electronic

development fund, very large scale integration (VLSI) specific incubation centers across

India and a 10-year stable tax regime for the manufacturing industry.

This is a part of the proposed National Policy of Electronics 2011 (NPE 2011) released by the

minister. The government proposes to achieve a turnover of $400 billion by 2020 involving

an investment of about $100 billion. This includes $55 billion in chip design and embedded

software industry and $80 billion of exports in the sector. It also aims at ensuring

employment to around 28 million in the sector by 2020.

The size of electronic manufacturing industry in India was $20 billion in 2009.

The policy also proposes setting up over 200 electronic manufacturing clusters. Another

important objective of the policy is to significantly upscale high-end human resource creating

to 2500 PhDs annually by 2020 in the sector.

The policy also proposes to provide preferential market access for domestically manufactured

electronic products including mobile devices, SIM cards (subscriber identity module) with

enhanced features, with special emphasis on Indian products for which IPR reside in India.

This is to address strategic and security concerns of the government.

After taking a decision to end the tax-refund DEPB scheme from October 1, the government

is likely to restore interest subsidy of exporters to maintain the country's competitiveness in

the global market. The small exporters may get subsidy between 3.5% - 3.75%, whereas for

large corporate it may be 2% subvention.

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

As far as trade and commerce is concerned in India, during 1980-1992, major

advances were made in computer industry.

Consumer electronics in India account for 30% of total electronics production

India’s main destination for electronic goods is the US.

India however remains a major importer of electronic materials, components and

finished equipment.

Singapore’s Economic Development Board (EDB) is aggressively courting

investments from both multinational corporations and local companies. The

Association of Electronics Industries of Singapore (AEIS) and the Singapore

Manufacturers’ Federation (SMF) are the other two significant organizations working

for the development and promotion of electronics industry in Singapore.

Most Association of Southeast Asian (ASEAN) countries are not in direct race with

Singapore, as Singapore has decided to target sectors with higher technologies.

Singapore’s electronics sector contributed 6.3% during 2011 in GDP and 82000

workers were employed.

Singapore ranked first as an exporter of office and computing machinery (ISIC 3825)

and electrical machinery (ISIC 383) and second only to Hong Kong as an importer.

Singapore’s national trade data illustrate the composition of domestic exports and re-

exports and the product composition in its total exports.

Singapore’s domestic exports of electronics still depend on US–electronic markets

Singapore is India’s fourth largest export market and the country’s biggest trade

partner among the Association of Southeast Asian (ASEAN)

Out of around 440 different electronic products imported by India from Singapore,

some of the leading ones are photosensitive transistor diodes, electronic integrated

circuits, telephones for cellular and wireless networks, electrical machinery parts,

optical fiber cables, generating sets with spark ignition, fixed capacitors, transmission

apparatus, digital cameras, smart cards, video recorders and parts for line telephone

apparatus.

CONCLUSION

It was commented that “ironically an industry which has great potential to generate

large-scale employment opportunities and wealth for the nation is struggling to

survive.”

Indian exports to Singapore have shown a lower rate of growth.

Indian imports from Singapore, however, have shown a higher rate of growth.

If this trend continues and strengthens over time, then future India-Singapore trade

will be driven more by India’s imports as opposed to India’s exports.

In order to promote manufacturing of electronic and telecom products in India,

Communications and IT Minister Kapil Sibal has proposed creating an electronic

development fund, very large scale integration (VLSI) specific incubation centres

across India and a 10-year stable tax regime for the manufacturing industry.

The government proposes to achieve a turnover of $400 billion by 2020 involving an

investment of about $100 billion.

It also aims at ensuring employment to around 28 million in the sector by 2020.

SUMMARY OF ENTERTAINMENT SECTOR OF

SINGAPORE

Singapore is a favorite recreative destination that provides ample ways for people to

amuse and entertain themselves. Singapore, a country of islets and distinct indentity

of local regions, allows the multicultural, multivariety of entertainment to exist. People

can choose from resorts, parks and cineplexes to bars and pubs to spend quality

time and have a lot ofun.

Parks and resorts in Singapore

Parks and resorts are aplenty in Singapore each offering a variety of rides and are

set on different themes.

'Night Safari' is unique and can be experienced in Singapore only. There are several

beautiful parks in Singapore which one can visit during the trip to Singapore. While

on a Night Safari, one can witness animals engaged in their

night life like looking out for food or prowling. The zoo currently

houses more than 900 animals of 135 exotic species such as

African bongo, Cape buffalo, striped hyena, blue sheep, golden jackal and one-

horned rhinoceros. Some of the famous parks are mentioned below:

Fort Canning Park in Singapore: This is one of the most visited parks

in Singapore. The Park is a popular place for arts, housing precious

memorials of the early history of Singapore dating back to 14th

century and the personal bungalow of Sir Stamford Raffles. Open-air ballet,

sculpture exhibitions and plays are organized in this Park.

Sembawang Park Singapore: At Sembawang Park in Singapore, you will

come across a beautiful natural beach which is a popular place for fishing.

You will also find a variety of marine life along the shoreline of Sembawang

Park.

Bishan Park Singapore: Another beautiful park in Singapore, Bishan Park,

features bridges and lakes, lush greenery, and colorful shrubs growing

everywhere.

MacRitchie Park Singapore: This Park is a popular place in Singapore among

the exercise enthusiasts, particularly among the joggers. The Park is also an

ideal place for morning and evening walks. People also visit this Park for just

a stroll along the edge of the water.

Pasir Ris Park in Singapore: This is a coastal park in Singapore, ideal for

spending your weekends with your family members. The Park features a

mangrove swamp and you can get a glimpse of the mangrove flora and fauna.

What else? You can also indulge yourself in several sports like swimming,

bird watching and cycling.

Punggol Park Singapore: Based on the theme of “Family Leisure,” the

Park is an ideal recreation spot for people of all ages. The Park

features open lawn areas for organizing picnics or flying kites, a

community corner for relaxation, and a wooded area for taking a stroll in a

leisurely manner. The Park also houses play and fitness equipment.

Merlion Park in Singapore: This Park in Singapore was originally built by the

Esplanade Bridge, which is approximately 120 meters from its current

location. Like the other parks, this is also a popular park in Singapore.

Bedok Reservoir Park Singapore: Bedok Reservoir Park in Singapore is an

ideal place for undertaking water-based activities and regular races are also

organized in the reservoir. The Park surrounds the beautiful

Bedok Reservoir and is a popular place for jogging. The Park

features bicycle rack, cycling track, fitness corner and fitness

equipment, running track, toilets and restrooms, event lawn, benches, fishing

jetty, and playing equipment for children.

National Orchid garden:

A feast for orchid lovers the National Orchid Garden displays almost twenty

thousand orchids.

Singapore Zoological Gardens:

It is host to almost two thousand animals of at least 240 species. This abode

of copious greenery is a safe and pleasant replicate endeavor of the natural

habitats of most animals.

AMUSEMENT PARK IN INDIA

Appu Ghar, New Delhi

Appu Ghar is the first amusement park of India and

is the favorite of all children because of its exquisite

roller coasters and water slides. The mini-

Disneyland of Delhi has rides for people of all ages.

Children love the thrill of riding in a Cable Car and the Speeding Cup. Since

there is no snowfall in Delhi, the Ice Games at OYSTERS offering winter

sports is quite popular here.

Four acres of the Water Park blanketed with ice offering sledding, skiing, ice

boating and bowling on ice; is a craze among the people from all over the

country.

Fun and Food Village, Kapashera, New Delhi

The Fun and Food Village is located in Delhi in 10 acres of land with wide

range of water rides, pools, rain dance, and also many park rides. The rides

are suitable for people of all age groups. The wave pool, largest of all water

parks in Delhi, is a special attraction of the park. The water park also boasts

of the largest indoor Snow Park over an area of 2500 sq. m..

Fantasy Land, Mumbai

TThe Fantasy Land is one of the leading theme parks in Mumbai. The park,

Located at Jogeshwari is rich with all sorts of new rides, which drags

attraction from people all round the country.

Essel World, Borivli, Mumbai

Essel World is Mumbai's only international-style

theme park, situated close to Gorai Beach. Special

ferries will take you to the park. This is the largest

water theme park in Asia. The ‘Water Kingdom’ of the park is located at Gorai

Creek, west of Borivali. The park is sprawled over 64 acres and is a refreshing

gateway to a whole new world of excitement and fun.

Kishkintha, Chennai

Kishkintha is the first theme amusement park located 28 Km South of

Chennai near Tambaram. It is spread over 110 acres, and offers exciting rides

and attractions. The amusements, attractions, water games and rides, make

Kishkinta India's leading water theme park.

Athisayam Amusement Park, Madurai

Located in Madurai near the Vaigai River, the Athisayam Amusement park is

a marvelous entertainment center for children, adults and old. The Athisayam

Park is famous for its cleanliness and safety.

MGM Dizzy World, Tamil Nadu

MGM Dizzy World is a 27-acre, children’s amusement park situated at

Muttukkadu enroute to Mamallapuram. The major attractions here are the

water chute, parachute tower, pirate boat and a 110 feet “dizee shake”

challenger.

Bay Watch Park, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu

Bay Watch, located in Kanyakumari is unique in

many ways. With the recently added wax museum,

Bay watch is the only park in Asia to house one.

The wax museum being the first of its kind in this

part of the world has caught up with the imagination of the people. Baywatch

at sunset point Kanyakumari is also the first seaside amusement park in India.

Pearl Water Park Ltd (Crazy Waters), Bangalore

Bangalore, the Garden City of India is famous for software technology parks

also, but when dealing with amusement and entertainment Pearl Water Park

is the top. It is located on the Bannerghatta main road.

Veega Land, Cochin, Kerala

Veega Land is situated 300 feet above sea level and is set amongst 30 acres

of surpassingly grand and incomparably idyllic environs, at Pallikara (near to

Cochin city. Veega Land's scintillating and tranquil setting is matched only by

the ambitious scale and grandeur of the park itself. The architecture

expresses nothing less than the heart and soul of ethnic Kerala, with a few

surprising flashes of vintage Chinese architecture as well.

Dream World, Kerala

Dream World Water Theme Park is situated on the

lap of enchanting Athirapilly waterfalls just 8 km

from Chalakkudy. The park is designed in such a

way that tourists belonging to any age group can

effortlessly reach all the amusement rides without much walking or climbing.

Silverstorm, Kerala

This is considered to be India's most beautiful water theme park. It is located

at vettilappara near the famous Athirappilly waterfalls. There are many

exciting rides and state of the art games in this park that lies amidst mighty

hills and peaceful valleys. The place has been designed and landscaped

magnificently.

Fantasy Park, Malampuzha, Kerala

Fantasy Park the first amusement park of Kerala, is run by the experienced

professionals of Neotech Amusements and Resorts Ltd. The 8-acre land is a

gateway to thrilling rides and also to a beautiful area complete with fabulous

landscaping and fountains. There is a special section with games and rides

especially for kids..

Swabhumi - The Heritage Park, Calcutta, West

Bengal

The Swabhumi Park is a superb theme park, which

offers something for everyone. As the name suggests the park revolves

around Indian culture and heritage. The basic theme of the park Swabhumi

(My Land) has been conceived to revolve around 'heritage'. The main offering

of the Park would essentially be an educative and participative experience for

the visitors, by showcasing and demonstrating art, crafts heritage and culture

from various regions in the country, with a focus on Bengal.

Snow World, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh

Snow World is the world’s biggest and India’s 1st Snow Theme Park. All these

snow wonders will be made possible by artificially producing snow using state

of the art technology supplied by Woomera Snow Guns Ltd., Australia.

Ocean Park, Hyderabad

Ocean Park is one of its kind Water Theme

Amusement Park modeled on International

standards.

Ramoji Film City

Ramoji Film City is a huge film studio complex where thousands of Indian

movies are filmed every year. If one wanted to see how movie sets come to

life, this is the place. It also has a theme park with rides, and Entertainment

Park for kids..

Location: Around 25 kilometers from Hyderabad, in Andhra Pradesh.

Nightlife in Singapore

A tour of the nation of Singapore remains incomplete without exploring the Nightlife

in Singapore. The nation of Singapore remains awake all the night and it could be

said undoubtedly that the nightlife of Singapore is truly exciting. The

city/nation/island of Singapore is never short of entertainment, irrespective of the fact

that whether it’s daytime or nighttime. After the sun sets at Singapore the citizens of

Singapore gear themselves up to dance to the rhythm and the beats of the music

played at the nightclubs. The numerous Nightclubs in Singapore are scattered

throughout the nation/island /city of Singapore and

each of these nightclubs have an added attraction

that makes them unique and makes them the most

haunted place of this nation. After a hard day, the

Nightclubs are the best place to chill and relax with

friends or family or relatives.

If one wants to have a rocking time at Singapore

then the place that aptly suits you are the Bars and

Pubs in Singapore. Singapore is the home numerous bars and pubs that are

scattered throughout the city/island/nation of Singapore. The young citizens of

Singapore had made the bars and the pubs the most sought after places and as

soon as the sun sets its time to party at Singapore. Most of the bars and the pubs of

Singapore remain open seven days a week.

Restaurants and dinning places

Singapore is an island of varied culture, which is

invariably followed by availability of different cuisines. All over Singapore, in every

nook and corner one would find food being served hot or cold and in innumerable

varieties. The aroma and the whiffs pervading from the local eateries or the fine

dining hotels itself forms an appetizer and arouses your taste buds more than ever.

It is estimated that Singapore has over 2,000 eating establishments, so a

traveler will never be at a loss for a place to go. Apart from the hawker

centers, roadside stalls and fast food joints that are available at every corner,

Singapore also offers the pleasure of exquisite fine dining, accompanied by

spectacular views of Singapore that can be enjoyed while savoring mouth-

watering food.

Shopping

Shopping is another favorite activity in Singapore.

There are places worth seeing for ethnic

shopping, such as, Chinatown and Little India. A

plethora of shopping malls offer exciting ranges of

goods and articles. One can define the trend of

Singapore duty free shopping as a sort of fresh

breeze. This is because with the help of duty free shopping in Singapore you

can shop as much as much as you want without paying any extra dollar.

Singapore is regarded as the most happening shopping destinations of the

world. Here, at this magnificent island-city, one will find a huge range of

offerings in terms of apparels, accessories, shoes, bags, watches and almost

everything. Stylish and elegant are the terms that can very appositely define

the stuffs that are available in Singapore, the paradise for crazy shoppers.

Singapore offers a lot of duty free shopping options.

Music industry in Singapore

A nation where music can be felt in very breath you take, is undoubtedly a

place where the Music Industry thrives. With Pop, Rock, Punk, Folk and

classical running in the veins and arteries of the country, Music Industry in

Singapore can be considered as one of the most well developed and sought

after industry of. Singapore. Whenever it comes to any kind of Industry, one

factor which inevitably comes to mind is the revenue which it generates that

contributes to the economy of the country.

Music Industry in Singapore is a major revenue generating areas of the

nation, with thousands of music albums being sold everyday. As music is very

popular in the island nation, many new bands are formed and singers take to

stage, giving live performances on a nationwide basis. These live

performances are very popular and see the gathering of large number

of music fans.

As Singapore has many genres of Music existing all a the same time, be it

Folk or Operas and orchestras, contemporary or hip hop, Peranakan and

others, the Music Industry in Singapore is spread over large vistas of cultural

world of Singapore

In fact, the Music Industry in Singapore draws numerous tourists to this

nation, contributing to the Tourism Industry as well. Another area where Music

Industry has extended its reach is the Opera Festivals holding Orchestras and

Concerts, be it the Traditional Asian types or modern and contemporary

music. Singapore is home to more than 100 music companies, societies and

schools.

Music Industry Alliance of Singapore (MIAS)

MIAS is a professional body to servicing and representing the interests of the

local professionals in the music industry. Whether negotiating fair

agreements, protecting ownership of recorded music, securing the interests of

homegrown artists, or lobbying our legislators, the MFS is committed to

raising industry standards and placing the real professional in the foreground

of the cultural landscape.

Indian Music Industries

India’s entertainment economy is growing rapidly, and the world is taking

note. The country is among the world’s youngest nations, with more than half

a billion people under the age of 25. With favorable demographics and a rise

in disposable incomes, the propensity to spend on leisure and entertainment

is growing faster than the economy itself.

Enticed by economic liberalization and the huge volume of demand for leisure

and entertainment, many of the global media giants have been present in the

Indian market for more than two decades. However, in recent years, with near

double-digit annual growth and a fast-growing middle class, there has been a

renewed surge in investment in the country by global companies. Companies

in the US and Western Europe see their growth increasingly linked to

emerging giants like India, which is why they are now focused on the best way

to enter, grow and brand their business in this market.

Film music dominates the music industry: Film music, including Bollywood

and regional film music, accounts for 67% of music sales in India.95 Film

producers typically create an album for a film and license the exploitation

rights to a music company. Because of the dominance of film music, the

Indian music industry is less focused on developing stand-alone artists than in

other countries.

Theatres in Singapore

The plays that are performed at the theatres of Singapore reflect the fact that

the citizens of Singapore take active interest in art and culture. The stage

performances by the Chinese, Indians and the Malay artists give you an

insight into the culture of these communities and the actors who put in their

best to win your appreciation deserves your applause. Singapore Arts

Festival that is held in the month of June invites theater groups from all over

the world to showcase their talents.

Singapore Film Industry

The early Singaporean cinema started in 1930’s was result of wholesome film

activities by few creative men who coordinated all verticals of cinema

together. The early production houses were Shaw and Cathay, who

themselves created movie houses to play their own movies. P. Ramlee and

Cathay Keris were the key people who introduced film industry to Singapore.

The most noted directors of this time were Hussein Haniff of Cathay Keris and

P. Ramlee who was a versatile talent in script making, acting and directing.

The early Singaporean cinema presented Arabian love stories which were all

time epics of the common man. Later Chinese movies which were creations of

both Chinese and Indian entertainment stalwarts became popular in

Singapore. During the infamous Japanese invasion during World War II, the

Shaw and Cathay theatres were used to propagate war hysteria and hate of

the era.

To some extend the movies tried to reflect Singaporean life in its true awe.

But the effort did not last long due to financial crisis and lack of technical

inadequacies. The next phase of cinema was led by Chong Gay. His

creations were The Hypocrite, Crimes Does Not Pay and The Two Sides of

the Bridge. Bobby A Suarez has made some innovative experiments by

making They Call Her Cleopatra Wong, Dynamite Johnson, etc. Sonny Lim, a

Hawaiian musician tried to promote the movie They Call Her Cleopatra Wong

in America by dubbing it in American accent.

One of the internationally acclaimed movies of all times was Lim Suat Yen’s

film The Road Less Travelled. Post 1990 the Singaporean cinema recovered

from its inherent inertia considerably. With the entry of Bugis Street, Mee Pok

Man, which proved good standard by box office as well as artistically and

ideas of independent filmmaking. Arnmy Daze, Forever Fever, God or Dog

Tiger’s Whip and Teenage Textbox were some well discussed movies of the

time. In 1990’s decade 12 of the Singaporean movies got entry in the Cannes

film festival.

Indian film industry

Bollywood is the informal term popularly used for the Hindi-language film

industry based in Mumbai (formerly known as Bombay), Maharashtra,

India.Film Federation of India:To promote commerce in general and in

particular to promote, protect and watch over the interests of the Indian Film

Industry and allied industries and trades, including the interests of producers,

distributors and-exhibitors of films and of all other persons connected with the

film industry, to regulate their method or doing business Bollywood is the

largest film producer in India and one of the largest centers of film production

in the world. Bollywood is formally referred to as Hindi cinema. There has

been a growing presence of Indian English in dialogue and songs as well.

Sports in Singapore

Sports in Singapore has been popular since the colonial times when it filled

the idle hours of the colonial masters and also was a time when sports was

a prerogative of few. But as the economy, society and polity changed the

earlier trend has changed and now one finds active participation from the

population. The traditional games like the like congkak, capteh, gasing and

sepak are now declining in their popularity. These games are also found in

Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia and Philippines. One can also find that certain

traditional games are still played in the households. The most popular sport in

Singapore is football.

Badminton in Singapore

Badminton in Singapore is a very popular game and is played by a vast

number of people.

Basketball in Singapore

Basketball in Singapore is going places. The Singapore Slingers proves that.

The Singapore Slingers has done Singapore proud by being the first Asian

club to be part of Australian National Basketball League. Established in

2006/07, the Singapore Slingers are a great team, though they haven't won a

major championship yet.

Bowling in Singapore

Singapore Bowling includes 20 Bowling Centers, each Bowling offers more

than 20 lanes. Being a very popular game, this attracts numerous tourists

from across the globe.

Football in Singapore

In Singapore like many Europeans nation, Football is more serious than life

and death. Such is the love of Singaporeans for the game. Football was

introduced in Singapore during the British Rule, in the 19th century. Local

Leagues were performed at that time and they became highly popular. A

golden era emerged at Singapore with the advent of the Singapore Malaysia

Cup. This nation island performed very well and was acknowledged as the

strongest team. 24 championships cup in Football adorned the country and

Singapore also witnessed 50,000 fans in its home games of Football.

Golf in Singapore

A sunny weather all year round, lush greenery and world class golfing

facilities make Singapore a hot destination for golf lovers all over the world

Polo in Singapore

Polo in Singapore is a popular sport. Over the years, Polo, as a sport in

Singapore has received great acclaim. The Singapore Polo Club, for instance,

is one of the leading Polo Clubs in the place. Founded in 1886.

Table Tennis in Singapore

Table Tennis is one of the favourite sports in Singapore. It is played in the city

clubs as well. The game attracts numerous tourists from across the globe and

there is also a Table Tennis Centre at Singapore.

Tennis in Singapore

Tennis in Singapore holds a special place in the history of Sports, both

International and Domestic. This is because of the fact that Tennis had been

an ancient game at Singapore and players and audiences alike have taken

due care in order to promote this game to great heights. Singapore Tennis

has thus made a place for itself in Asian Sports and displayed copious talents

who have bagged numerous awards, much to the pride of the country.

Sports in India

Field hockey is the official national sport in India, and the country has won

eight Olympic gold medals in field hockey, though cricket is the most popular

sport. After the 1982 Asian Games hosted in New Delhi, the capital city now

has modern sports facilities, and similar facilities are also being developed in

other parts of the country.

India has hosted or co-hosted several international sporting events, such as

the 1951 Asian Games and the 1982 Asian Games, the 1987 Cricket World

Cup and 1996 Cricket World Cup, the 2003 Afro-Asian Games, the 2010

Hockey World Cup, the 2010 Commonwealth Games, and the 2011 Cricket

World Cup. Major international sporting events annually held in India include

the Chennai Open, Mumbai Marathon, Delhi Half Marathon, and the Indian

Masters. India also hosted its first Indian Grand Prix at the Buddh

International Circuit, an Indian motor racing circuit in Greater Noida, Uttar

Pradesh, India.

Cricket

Board of Control for Cricket in India, India national cricket team, and India

national women's cricket team

Cricket has a long history in India, and is the most popular sport by a wide

margin in India. Recently, it won the 2011 Cricket World Cup by defeating Sri

Lanka in the final match hosted by India. It is played on local, national, and

international levels and enjoys consistent support from people in all parts of

India.

Football

Football was introduced to India during the British occupation, and in some

areas of the country, it is equally as popular as cricket. India was an Asian

powerhouse in the 1960s, finishing as runners up in the 1964 AFC Asian Cup,

but gradually the standard of football has gone down compared to other

countries, and India currently ranks 154th in the FIFA rankings as of 29

February 2012.

Basketball

Basketball is a popular sport in India. India has both men's and women's

national teams in basketball.

Tennis

Tennis is a popular sport among Indians in urban areas. Tennis gained

popularity after the exploits of Vijay Amritraj. India's fortunes in the Grand

Slam singles have been unimpressive although Leander Paes and Mahesh

Bhupathi have won many Men's Doubles and Mixed Doubles Grand Slam

Titles. Sania Mirza is the only notable Indian woman tennis player, having

won a WTA title and breaking into the Top 30 WTA rankings. On the men's

side, young Somdev Devvarman and Yuki Bhambri are flying India's flag on

ATP Tour.

Chess

Chess has risen in popularity in India in the last few decades primarily due to

its star player GM Vishwanathan Anand. He is the current World Champion,

and he has revolutionized the popularity of this sport in India.

Badminton

Badminton is a popular sport in India. Indian shuttler Saina Nehwal is

currently ranked fourth in the world and has been named the Most Promising

Player of 2008 by the Badminton World Federation. This is the first ever

achievement by any Indian shuttler, after Prakash Padukone and Pullela

Gopichand, who both won the All England Open in 1980 and 2001

respectively.

Other sports

Volleyball, Floor ball, Bandy, Netball, Ice Hockey, Handball, Throw boll,

Kabaddi, Lacrosse, Polo, Baseball & Softball, Boxing.

TELEVISION IN INDIA

Television is one of the major mass media of India. It is a huge industry which has

thousands of programmes across Indian states ranging from national language to

regional ones. The small screen has produced numerous celebrities of their own kind

some even attaining national fame. TV soaps are extremely popular with housewives

as well as working women. Approximately half of all Indian households own a

television. As of 2010, the country has a collection of free and subscription services

over a variety of distribution media, through which there are over 515 channels and

150 are pay channels.

HISTORY

Terrestrial television in India started with the experimental telecast starting in Delhi

on 15 September 1959 with a small transmitter and a makeshift studio. The regular

daily transmission started in 1965 as a part of All India Radio. The television service

was extended to Bombay (now Mumbai) and Amritsar in 1972. Up until 1975, only

seven Indian cities had a television service and Doordarshan remained the sole

provider of television in India. Television services were separated from radio in 1976.

National telecasts were introduced in 1982.

Cable television

As per the TAM Annual Universe Update - 2010, India now has over 134 million

households (out of 223 million) with television sets, of which over 103 million have

access to Cable TV or Satellite TV, including 20 million households are DTH

subscribers. In Urban India, 85% of all households have a TV and over 70% of all

households have access to Satellite, Cable or DTH services. TV owning households

have been growing at between 8-10%, while growth in Satellite/Cable homes

exceeded 15% and DTH subscribers grew 28% over 2009. It is also estimated that

India now has over 500 TV channels covering all the main languages spoken in the

nation.

Satellite television

As of 2010, over 500 TV Satellite television channels are broadcast in India. This

includes channels from the state-owned Doordarshan, News Corporation owned

STAR TV, Sony owned Sony Entertainment Television, Zee TV, Sun Network and

Asianet. Direct To Home service is provided by Airtel Digital Tv, BIG TV owned by

Reliance, DD Direct Plus, DishTV, Sun Direct DTH, Tata Sky and Videocon D2H.

DishTV was the first one to come up in Indian Market, others came only years later.

Cable TV is through cable networks and DTH is wireless, reaching direct to the

consumer through a small dish and a set-top box.

TELEVISION IN SINGAPORE

Television in Singapore is strictly regulated by the government. MediaCorp TV, fully

owned by government holding company Temasek Holdings, has a monopoly on

terrestrial television channels, while the sole cable operator is StarHub. The private

ownership of satellite dishes is banned.

History

Broadcasting developed from a single terrestrial channel operated by the Singapore

Broadcasting Corporation (SBC) in the 1 January 1980 to 31 December 1993. When

SBC was rebranded as Television Corporation of Singapore (TCS) it launched

Channel 5, Channel 8 and Channel 12. A reorganisation on 1 January 1996 saw the

creation of MediaCorp and a redistribution of programming among the channels.

Cable

StarHub TV is the sole cable television operator in Singapore. StarHub Cable

Television was formed as a result of a merger between StarHub TV and Singapore

Cable Television (SCTV) on 1 January 2002. The latter first began broadcasting as a

terrestrial pay-television operator in 1 January 1990 as the first cable network was

not completed until 1 January 1994. Around 80% of households in Singapore are

connected to the StarHub network. The remaining 20% have mio TV only or no cable

TV at home.

Singapore's Media Industry Charting Strong Growth

Singapore's media sector has been performing strongly, posting a compounded

annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.8% between 1997 and 2008. In 2008, the industry

contributed S$5.5 billion in value-added (VA) and S$22.4 billion revenue to the

economy, and employed some 58,000 workers. Singapore's media sector consists of

several industries, including TV broadcast and production; publishing and printing;

film; music; as well as interactive and digital media.

Fast Growing Sub-sector - Interactive & Digital Media

Interactive & Digital media – which includes video games, animation, online/mobile

media and new forms of digital entertainment – has skyrocketed into a multi-billion

dollar business. The global videogames industry (excluding hardware sales) is

expected to swell from US$56 billion in 2010 to US$82 billion by 2015, with Asia

registering the fastest growth, according to the PriceWaterhouse Coopers' Global

Entertainment & Media Outlook. Singapore's animation and games industries are

seeing rapid expansion According to Deloitte, Singapore's games and animation

industries, together with online/mobile media, have demonstrated robust growth,

posting a CAGR of 22% from 2005-2009. In 2009 it contributed $867 million in VA

and $1.5 billion revenue to the economy, and employed an estimated 7,400 workers.

Broadcast Hub of Asia Moves into Content

Since the 1990s, Singapore has attracted a number of global broadcasters to its

shores. There are now a large number of major networks up linking their channels

from Singapore to their regional audiences. These include Discovery Networks Asia

Pacific, CNBC Asia Pacific and ESPN Star Sports.

The Performing Arts is one of the largest and most diverse sectors in Singapore’s

creative industries. It is an art form that engages a live audience through stage

performances, often taking the audience into a make-believe world of the

performers. The sector is driven by people with the passion for the arts and the talent

to tell a good story, skilled at fusing rich Asian heritage with contemporary art forms,

melding the conventional with innovative technical theatre techniques, as well as

possessing a strong knowledge and understanding of the global and regional

performing arts scene, our talents are poised to take Singapore’s performing arts to

new heights. Producers, directors, writers, composers, artistes, technical specialists,

presenters... notable individuals and groups have collaborated with leading foreign

players and established their networks in the West, across Asia and even the Middle

East.

Current status of the industry and its growth potential

The Indian economy continues to perform strongly and one of the key sectors that

benefits from this fast economic growth is the E&M industry. This is because the

E&M industry is a cyclical industry that grows faster when the economy is expanding.

It also grows faster than the nominal GDP during all phases of economic activity due

to its income elasticity wherein when incomes rise, more resources get spent on

leisure and entertainment and less on necessities. The size of E&M in India is

currently estimated at INR 353 billion and is expected to grow at a compounded

annual growth rate of 19 percent over the next five years.

The television industry continues to dominate the E&M industry by garnering a share

of over 42 percent, which is expected to increase by a further 9 percent to reach

about 51 percent. The share of the film industry, which currently stands at 19

percent, is not expected to change materially over the next five years. Print media,

which stands at over 31 percent, is projected to lose some of its share in favour of

the emerging segment.

Key growth drivers

Television

Subscription revenues are projected to be the key growth driver for the Indian

television industry over the next five years. Subscription revenues will increase both

from the number of pay TV homes as well as increased subscription rates.

Filmed entertainment

Indians love to watch movies. And advancements in technology are helping the

Indian film industry in all the spheres – film production, film exhibition and marketing.

The industry is increasingly getting more corporatized. Several film production,

distribution and exhibition companies are coming out with public issues. More

theatres across the country are getting upgraded to multiplexes and initiatives to set

up more digital cinema halls in the country are already underway. This will not only

improve the quality of prints and thereby make film viewing a more pleasurable

experience, but also reduce piracy of prints.

Print media

A booming Indian economy, growing need for content and government initiatives that

have opened up the sector to foreign investment are driving growth in the print

media. With the literate population on the rise, more people in rural and urban areas

are reading newspapers and magazines today. Also, there is more interest in India

amongst the global investor community. This leads to demand for more Indian

content from India. Foreign media too is evincing interest in investing in Indian

publications. And the internet today offers a new avenue to generate more

advertising revenues.

Radio

The cheapest and oldest form of entertainment in the country, which was hitherto

dominated by the AIR, is going to witness a sea-change very shortly. As many as

338 licenses are being given out by the Indian government for FM radio channels in

91 big and small towns and cities. This deluge of radio stations will result in rising

need for content and professionals. New concepts like satellite, internet and

community radio have also begun to hit the market. Increasingly, radio is making a

comeback in the lifestyles of Indians.

Barriers to investment in the entertainment and media industry

A lot more investment can be drawn into the entertainment and media industry if

certain sectoral policy barriers can be addressed. Some of the issues that need to be

addressed which commonly impacts all segments and need to be addressed

urgently include:

1. Piracy

2. Lack of a uniform media policy for foreign investment

3. Level playing field with incumbents

4. Content regulation

5. Price regulation in the television industry

6. Cross-media ownership rules

7. Lack of empowered regulators

8. Merging of the FII and FDI caps

9. Tax treatment of foreign broadcasting companies

Singapore overview of the entertainment industry:

Singapore’s cultural scene has become more vibrant over the past decade.

Total number of performing arts activities and visual arts exhibitions

increased by some 150% from about 1,700 in 1989 to some 4,200 in

1998. Ticketed attendance for performing arts increased by 46% from

562,000 in 1989 to some 822,000 in 1998 – this translates to an average

of 2,250 ticketed patrons a day.

Theatre is the most popular form of performing arts, contributing to 65%

of ticketed performances and 53% of total ticketed attendance in

performing arts in 1998. This is followed by music (22% of total ticketed

performances and 31% of total ticketed attendance) and dance (10% of

total ticketed performances and 11% of total ticketed attendance). Local

arts groups are the main players of our vibrant arts scene, contributing

83% of total ticketed activities and 70% of ticketed attendance.

A wide range of festivals takes place throughout the year. The major ones

include the Singapore Arts Festival (June, three weeks), Singapore

International Film Festival (April, two weeks), International Comedy Festival

(April, three weeks), The Substation’s Septfest (September, one month),

Singapore Writers’ Festival (September, one week) and Nokia Singapore

Art (December - January, two months).

.

Community-based Arts

Apart from the arts companies and societies, our grassroots cultural

organisations have also helped to contribute to the vibrancy of the arts

scene. The People’s Association (PA) plays a significant role in promoting

the arts through performances and courses held at community centres/

clubs.

Cultural Facilities

Besides the three theatres run by the NAC – Kallang Theatre, Victoria

Theatre and the Drama Centre, there are a host of other performing arts

venues in Singapore. These range from Black Boxes to small theatres like

Jubilee Hall at the Raffles Hotel (388 seats), mid-sized venues like the

DBS Auditorium (579 seats), to large venues like the Singapore Indoor

Stadium (12,000 seats). The Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay, is

Singapore’s premier performing arts center it comprises of 1,800-seat Concert Hall,

a 2000-seat Theatre, three performing and rehearsal studios and outdoor

performing spaces. The National Heritage Board’s (NHB) museums have been able

to attract healthy numbers of Singaporeans and visitors.

An innovative initiative was the launch of the arts radio station, Passion

99.5FM. The station airs infotainment arts programs, music, radio plays,

as well as previews and reviews of shows in our cultural scene

Within a year of its official launch in April 1998, the station had doubled its weekly

listenership to 60,000.

(Source: Radio Diary Survey by AC Neilsen, 29 Mar – 23 May 99.)

Conclusion

The Singapore arts and cultural scene is being fuelled by an increasingly

educated profile of younger Singaporeans. Three quarters of the Singapore

Arts Festival audience is less than 40 years old. Former information and

arts minister BG George Yeo observed recently that the concert halls and

theatres were packed with younger people and not greying audiences,

and that the younger generation is changing the nightclub and cultural

scene in Singapore.

This is thus a critical juncture for the state of the arts in Singapore. Having

secured the economic necessities of life, Singaporeans are discovering

the allure of culture and things aesthetic. The potential for Singapore to

develop into a renaissance city of Asia is high. The population should thirsts for

knowledge, culture and the arts. This means increased demand for spaces for

libraries, bookstores, museums, theatres, concert halls and exhibition areas. There

will be dedicated arts precincts and cultural campuses in the city centre like Waterloo

Street and the Empress Place area, supporting a growing number of creative and

cultural activities. Museums and heritage trails will dot our cityscape to showcase our

shared heritage.

There should be an explosion in interest in arts and heritage issues, with intelligent,

mature and passionate exchanges in the media and among people. Standards of art

criticism improve and there is more and better quality documentation of the arts and

heritage scene in Singapore.

There is a thriving arts industry and private sector efforts to promote the arts on a

sound business case complement the support extended from the government and

corporate sectors. There is the need to develop more major arts companies,

including some flagship ones that become our “National” companies. These widen

the opportunities available to nurture artistic talents and to attract and absorb foreign

creative talents. Local artists are encouraged to produce works from a Singaporean

perspective and clear, internationally-recognized Singapore and pan-Asian voices

begin to develop.

In terms of quantitative benchmarks, numbers of arts events, professional arts

companies, arts facilities, attendance at arts events and government funding for the

arts per capita should reach a level comparable with cities like Hong Kong, Glasgow

and Melbourne over the next five to ten years. In the longer term, Singapore should

be as vibrant as top league cities like London and New York City.

For India

With rapid advancements in technology, we believe that convergence will play a very

crucial role in the development of the Indian entertainment and media industry where

consumers will increasingly be calling the shots in a converged media world.

Broadband access and Internet Protocol (IP) will be the technology enablers that will

evolve this new breed of consumers.

In the converged world of tomorrow, content and access will no longer be in short

supply. Opportunities for consumers to access and manipulate content and services

will not only be abundant, but overflowing. However, consumer time and attention

will be limited. Thus, established approaches of pushing exclusive content through

non-linear-channels or networks to mass or segmented audiences will no longer

guarantee competitive advantage.

Thus, following are the challenges and opportunities that convergence will bring to

the industry:

• Consumer needs are expanding beyond the mass media and segmented media to

‘Lifestyle Media’, a new approach that will help consumers maximize their limited

time and attention to create a rich, personalized and social media environment. This

approach presents many opportunities for the industry to create new avenues to

generate revenue.

• Knowledge of ‘consumer activity’ rather than exclusive ownership of content or

distribution assets will become the basis for competition. Businesses that capture

‘consumer activity’ data and use it to inform business and advertising models will be

positioned to succeed.

• Early movers in establishing media marketplaces will have a significant advantage

over late entrants because of network effects, whereby the value of the market place

increases as the number of participants increase.

• Media market places will be economically viable only if operational efficiencies can

be realized through consumer activity measurement capabilities and supporting

systems.

• Significant advancements in audience measurement technology will be needed to

capture, analyze and standardize consumer activity data across platforms.

The Indian entertainment and media industry today has everything going for it - be it

regulations that allow foreign investment, the impetus from the economy, the digital

lifestyle and spending habits of the consumers and the opportunities thrown open by

the advancements in technology. All it has to do is to cash in on the growth potential

and the opportunities. The government, on its part, needs to play a more active role

in sorting out policy-related impediments to growth. The industry needs to fight all

roadblocks- such as piracy- in a concerted manner, while churning out high-quality,

world class end products. The entertainment and media industry has all that it

takes to be a star performer of the Indian economy.

SUMMARY OF FMCG SECTOR OF SINGAPORE

Fast Moving Consumer Goods provides Market Expansion Services for all

categories of fast moving consumer products in all channels, whether food products

or non-food products, ambient, chilled, or frozen. Profit from our unrivalled track

record of growing brands. Our expertise, infrastructure, and dedicated specialists

enable us to understand your needs and deliver truly customized solutions to grow

your business.

Singapore is one of the most open, and thus competitive, markets in the world. The

2011 World Bank Ease of Doing Business Index ranks Singapore as the best country

in the world to do business – ahead of Hong Kong and New Zealand. Singapore is

also ranked third in the World Economic Forum’s Global Competitiveness Report

behind Switzerland and Sweden.

Singapore was one of the original "Newly Industrialised Countries" (NICs)

alongside Hong Kong, South Korea and Taiwan. Between the 1960s to the

1980s, the manufacturing industry, in particular, was able to attract numerous Multi-

National Companies (MNCs) and Foreign Direct Investment (FDIs) into the country.

This became the foundation for Singapore to grow into one of the most advanced

and technologically driven economies in the world.

In 2010, Singapore was the third fastest growing economy in the world behind

Qatar and Paraguay – with a real GDP growth rate (constant prices, national

currency) of 14.471 percent.

The economy of Singapore is best described as a mixed economy. Although the

country strongly advocates free-market policies and practices, government

intervention is also evident in macroeconomic management and major factors of

production such as land, labour and capital resources. This innovative and highly

successful economic system – where both the market and the state have equally

strong roles in the government – is dubbed as the Singapore Model.

The Singapore Model was born out of necessity. Singapore has a relatively small

domestic market, and thus has to open its economy to external markets in order for

the economy to thrive. However, the inherent vulnerability in depending on external

markets compelled the government to enact economic policies that would safeguard

the country from perturbations in the global market. Apart from these policies, the

government has also actively encouraged new industries to develop in Singapore so

as to respond to the needs of the global market.

The underlying influence of the government can also be felt in other various facets of

the society – from education, to transportation, to housing and to the media.

However, many social policies that have been implemented are often seen to be

supplementary for the economy. As such, many people have labelled the country

as “Singapore Inc.” – where the country appears to be run more like a

corporation than a nation.

To date however, the Singapore Model or “Singapore Inc.” has proven to be

extremely successful. Globally and regionally, the Singapore economy has

demonstrated astounding resilience to financial crises such as the 1997 Asian

Financial Crisis or the 2008 Global Financial Crisis. Singapore is also the only

Asian country to have AAA credit ratings from all three major credit rating

agencies – Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s and Fitch. According to the 2011 Index

of Economic Freedom, Singapore is the 2nd freest economy in the world.

Singapore’s business freedom score is exceptionally high – it takes three days to

start a business in Singapore compared to the world’s average of thirty-four days.

Apart from strong business and regulatory policies, other factors such as the

country’s strategic geographic position, a vast natural seaport, a highly skilled

workforce and a favourable tax regime, have created a conducive business

environment for companies and industries.

Singapore is an entirely urban nation with a population of 5.2 million. It has an

anticipated GDP of US$261.4 billion for 2011 and has forecasted growth rates of

over 5 percent. Singapore is a relatively wealthy nation and it is estimated that over

68 percent of households have an annual income of over US$50,000.

i On a per capita basis, Singapore has the highest food consumption levels

in the Southeast Asia region. Singapore food consumption is forecasted to

reach US$7.5 billion in 2011 and account for 3 percent of GDP.

ii Because of its limited land for agriculture, Singapore imports more than 90

percent of its food, particularly from other Asian countries.

iii Imports of food and beverage are expected to grow 8.3 percent in 2011.

iv The typical Singaporean diet contains large amounts of fish and meat.

Meat and fish account for 14.6 percent of New Zealand’s overall exports,

making Singapore a valuable trading partner in these products.

Total list of all fmcg companies in singapore companies: 619

Monthly Economic Analysis Fortune 2009

Region/Country US $ million

2007-08 2008-09 2008-09 % change

Singapore 6438.8 7283.2 13.1

Market Drivers

Food retail currently accounts for 40 percent of retail spending in Singapore and this

figure is expected to rise. However, the overall food and beverage market is not

growing rapidly. Food consumption is expected to increase by only 2.3 percent in

2011. The main drivers of this growth are higher incomes and rising tourism levels.

Additionally, there are three key drivers that are leading to high growth in certain

types of products:

Premiums: Higher levels of income mean that Singaporeans are becoming more

willing to purchase value-added food and beverage at a premium. An example of

this is the growing demand for functional foods.

Food Accountability: Singapore consumers are becoming more aware of health

and safety issues. Due to this, food and beverage items that are packaged and

labelled with nutritional information, as well as healthier products, are

experiencing higher demand.

Urbanisation: Singaporeans are living increasingly busy lifestyles and are

having less time available for food preparation. This is leading to higher demand

for convenience food products and processed foods.

Import Trends

In 2010, New Zealand exported NZ$547 million worth of food and beverage products

to Singapore. This was up 28.7 percent from 2009. The top exports have all

experienced at least double digit growth. Exports of whey, other natural milk

products,

crustaceans and molluscs approximately doubled in value. Additionally, milk and

cream, which accounts for almost half of New Zealand’s exports to Singapore, grew

by 45 percent.

Key Players in the Market

In Singapore, there are four major types of food retailers

Large Retailers: Supermarket chains and hypermarkets take up 80 percent of

market share.iii Hypermarkets are the fastest growing retailers and are expected

to increase sales by 46.4 percent by 2015. Overall, large retailers are expected to

grow 20.1 percent by 2015. These stores have a large variety of products and

tend to charge lower prices than other types of retailers.

Convenience Stores & Petrol Stations: Convenience stores and stores located

at petrol stations tend to operate 24/7 and are commonly located in HDB

neighbourhoods (government subsidised complexes that house over 80 percent

of the population). These stores have a 16 percent market share and are

expected to experience sales growth of 23.4 percent by 2015.

Traditional Stores: Traditional stores have only 3 percent of market share but

make up 70 percent coverage of total food retailers in Singapore. Typical stores

in this category include wet markets, provision shops and sundry shops:

Wet markets typically sell fresh meat and produce.

Provision shops are located in HDB neighbourhoods and seen as traditional

convenience stores.

Sundry shops focus on traditional Asian cooking ingredients such as

preserved goods and spices. Specialty Stores: Specialty stores that sell premium products at higher prices

include butcheries, wine outlets and bakeries. These stores target higher income

households and hold 1 percent of market share.

MARKET ENTRY AND DEVELOPMENT

Market Entry Strategies

Local Partner

Local expertise can help with the success of exporting as a local partner will be more

familiar with the Singapore market. Exporters typically will appoint a local distributor

or agent. An agent acts as your representative in the local market and they are

usually paid by sales commissions. When selecting a local partner, the following

considerations can be important:

1. Expertise and skills

2. Networks and reputation

3. Assistance with legal and regulatory matters

4. Level of customer support

Marketing & Promotion

How a product is marketed and promoted will have a major impact on its success in

Singapore. It is recommended that New Zealand companies consider the following

marketing strategies and issues before entering the Singapore market

Co-Branding: Singapore consumers are more likely to purchase a product if it

has a familiar brand. Co-branding New Zealand products by partnering with local

Singapore brands can increase the competitive advantage of New Zealand

goods.

Language Clarity: While the predominant language in Singapore is English, it

can be spoken or understood differently in Singapore as they often mix English

with Malay, Hokkien and Mandarin. Due to this, marketing campaigns that rely on

a Westernised understanding of English may be ineffective in Singapore. It is

important to ensure that any marketing done is communicated clearly in a way

that Singapore consumers will understand. Official Endorsement: Singapore

consumers have a strong trust in government bodies. Official endorsements such

as the Healthier Choice mark, which is given to products by the Singapore Health

Promotion Board, is recognised by around 70 percent of the population.

Local Community: Singaporeans tend to prefer marketing campaigns that

feature local celebrities and people. In the past, there have also been strong

negative responses to products and brands that feature non-Singaporeans in

marketing.

Product Control: It is recommended that companies maintain some control

over the way that their products are marketed and sold. Local partners in

Singapore may interpret product and brands that they are not familiar with in a

way that can affect the success of the product.

FMCG companies SINGAPORE

1. HORIZON ASIA RESOURCES PTE LTD

A leading supplier of FMCG products worldwide

Horizon Asia Resources had traded over one thousand products mostly of

international recognized brands.

"Striving to be the top International solutions provider for parallel trade”.

Horizon Asia Resources is highly accepted and overwhelm by companies

worldwide

We succeed because, "We Support Fair Trade, and Counter Monopolization".

2. DKSH SINGAPORE PTE LTD.

It cover all activities from ordering the product from the manufacturer and handling it after its physical arrival in Singapore up to delivery to the retail shop. We then support the sale of the product through executing media and trade marketing activities, merchandising, and in-store promotions.

DKSH Singapore is the preferred outsourcing partner for manufacturers and brand owners, small or large, world class or local, for fast moving consumer goods. We mainly cater to packaged, dry products, broadly categorized into

1. Food and confectionary 2. Personal care 3. Consumer health 4. Household goods

3. BIGBAZAAR.SG - Singapore

Importer, Exporter, wholesaler and distributor of all kinds of foodstuff, Beverages and

related products.

PESTEL framework of singapore

Political and social environment

Singapore is known for its stable political climate. Despite being considered

centralized and authoritarian, the political culture is pragmatic, rational and based on

the rule of law. The highest goal of the government is the survival and prosperity of

this small nation. This often means, having to make unpopular but hard and wise

decisions in the interest of the nation. The government believes in being pro-active

and thinking for the future. Although many Singaporeans refer to the current ruling

party PAP (People’s Action Party) as ‘Pay and Pay’, it is the PAP’s governance and

intellectual policy decisions that has contributed to Singapore’s political stability,

social harmony and economic prosperity. Infrastructure and conditions for

investment, including ensuring the rule of law, were put in place.

According to Singapore’s founding father Lee Kuan Yew, Singapore has been able

to attract some 9000 multi-national companies, because it offers First World

conditions in a Third World region. Good governance is having a good system that

will ensure the country survives, so that citizens have secure lives. In 2012, the

Political and Economic Risk Consultancy ranked Singapore #1 for having the best

bureaucracy in Asia. The World Economic Forum’s ‘2011 – 2012 Global

Competitiveness Report’ also reaffirms that Singapore has the highest public trust of

politicians and the least burden of government regulation. According to corruption

watch-dog Transparency International’s ‘2010 Corruption Perceptions Index’,

Singapore is perceived to be the least corrupt nation in the world.

Economic environment

Singapore boasts of a competitive, corruption-free, open business environment. The

Port of Singapore is one of the busiest in the world as the country focuses on

electronics and chemical exports to richer industrialised nations. However, over the

years, Singapore has diversified its economy and today it has become a research &

development hub, bio-medical hub, banking and finance center and in recent times

the health-care destination of Asia. Today, Singapore is a knowledge-based

economy and attracts multinational investments. Its open trade policies, social

stability, world-class infrastructure and international communication links, are some

of the reasons why foreign investors flock its shores. This is despite the fact that land

and labour costs have risen sharply and employers have to pay a sizable portion of

their employees’ salary to their Central Provident Fund.

Singapore is the second most competitive economy in the world according to the

World Economic Forum’s ‘Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012. According to

the Heritage Foundation’s ‘2012 Index of Economic Freedom’ Singapore is the

second freest economy in the world. The country is also known for its low tax

regime. In Singapore, personal income tax rates start from 0% and are capped at

20% for residents while non-residents are taxed at a flat rate of 15%. The corporate

income tax rate in Singapore is approximately 8.5% for profits up to S$300,000 and

a flat 17% above S$300,000. The GST or VAT rate is only 7%. Furthermore, there is

no dividend tax, no estate duty, and no capital gains tax.

According to a report by financial advisory firm, Ernst & Young and the Japan

External Trade Organisation, Singapore was found to be one of Asia’s best

investment destinations for foreign firms. It has benefited from these firms, as they

bring in capital, technology, management know-how and access to international

export markets. Singapore has also realised the need to enhance its manpower and

encourages top foreign talent to re-locate here. Hence the labour force is highly

educated, competent and skilled. The country has consistently topped the World

Bank’s ‘Doing Business’ survey for the past six years in a row and it was accorded

the top spot in BERI’s ‘2011 Labour Force Evaluation Measure’.

Socio-cultural environment

Singapore’s social and ethnic fabric is a unique blend of cultures and people –

Malays, Chinese, Indians and expats from various countries. Singapore’s lifestyle is

multi-cultural with each of these ethnic communities maintaining their unique way of

life and at the same time living harmoniously. Singapore’s society is cosmopolitan

due to the influx of foreigners in recent times. Along with it comes an openness

towards people and respect for all. People are amiable and courteous to each other.

High emphasis is placed on communal and racial harmony. Singaporeans are

honest, highly disciplined and extremely hard-working. There is respect for seniority,

authority and social norms. While individualism is prominent, Singapore is a society

that honours collectivism. Racism is taken seriously in the country. The Singapore

government has laid down five basic ‘Shared Vales’ to develop a distinct Singapore

identity – nation before community and society above self; family as the basic unit of

society; community support and respect for the individual; consensus not conflict;

racial and religious harmony.

Singapore is also known for its strict law enforcement procedures, for combating

crime and other offences. While popular opinion holds that the country is extremely

rigid and rule-bound – with heavy fines and caning as punishments – the legal

framework has contributed to Singapore’s stability and security. Women can move

about freely even late at night, without the fear of being harassed. There has been

no instance of mass shooting, serial killing, terrorist bomb attacks or civil

unrest. Expatriates continue to cite safety as one of the most attractive features of

living in Singapore. Singapore is the twelfth best country in the world for expat life

experience according to HSBC’s ‘2010 Expat Experience Report’. Gallup’s ‘2010

Potential Net Migration Index’ unveils Singapore as the world’s most favored

immigration destination. The country ranked #8 in the world for personal safety in

Mercer’s ‘2011 Quality of Living Rankings’ and is the #1 place for Asian expats

according to ECA International’s ‘2010 Location Ratings System’..

Access to Consumer goods

Singapore’s retail sector experiences brisk trading conditions practically all year

round. With an increase in disposable income, housing boom and aggressive retail

promotion, people spend on luxury items, automotive and household items like

furniture and other consumer durables. Hence, every retailer is setting up shop in

Singapore. According to the 1990 national census ‘window shopping’ was the

number one leisure activity. Both Fast Moving Consumer Goods (packaged food,

cosmetics, toiletries, household products etc.), and luxury brands are easily

available. Many consumer durables have become basic necessities in Singapore. By

the year 2003, most households had a television (98%), refrigerator (99%), hand-

phone (89%), air-conditioner (72%), and a computer (70%). Time saving household

appliances like washing machines (93%), microwaves and vacuum cleaners have

also become common. Even for higher priced durables like a piano, organ or a car,

ownership is fairly prevalent.

Hyper-marts like Carrefour and Giants are a one stop shop where everything is

available under one roof. Super markets like Cold Storage (popular with the expats),

NTUC Fair Price (co-operative supermarket chain), Shop & Save have several

outlets that dot the island. Most of these supermarkets offer promotions and

discounts and also stock basic Mexican, Australian and Indian products. This apart,

there are convenient stores like 7-Eleven and small local grocery shops near the

housing estates. You wold also find speciality supermarkets like Media-Ya

(Japanese products and sea food), Tanglin Market Place (American products),

Tierney’s (Scandinavian, Swiss and German products) and Mustafa (Indian

products). Heat-and-serve meals, semi prepared food, frozen food, western-type

convenience foods are gaining importance. Low fat foods, diet beverages, yogurt,

fruits and other health foods are also becoming popular. Since Singapore imports

every possible item from every corner of the globe, the choice is wide and prices are

competitive.

Positive Factors

Easy country to adjust to when relocating from elsewhere

Modern, westernized environment

Scores high on safety and low crime rates

Wide use of English is appreciated and attracts foreigners

High quality transport, infrastructure and health facilities

Readily available and affordable domestic help

Clean, green and healthy environment to live in

Negative Factors

Limited sports/recreation options

Rule-bound and sometimes stifling

Expensive to own a car

No change in climate which is hot and humid most of the time

Can be difficult to mix easily with the locals

According to a survey conducted by the PERC, Singapore’s most negative features

are: the high cost of living; lack of sports facilities and limited forms of entertainment.

ingapore’s most attractive features are: safety; cleanliness; efficiency. All in all,

Singapore is one of the best cities to work, live and play.

India’s Trade Indicators and

statistics at a Glance (2010)

Singapore’s trade Indicators and

Statistics at a Glance (2010)

Current Account Balance:

US$181.7 billion or 4.9% of GDP

Primary exports: petroleum (16.6%),

gems and jewelry (13.8%), transport

equipment (7.6%), machinery (4.9%),

drugs and pharmaceuticals (4.3%)

Primary exports partners: UAE

(12.4%), United States (10.4%),

China (7.9%), Singapore (4.0%),

Hong Kong (3.9%)

Primary imports: petroleum and

crude products (29.6%), gold (8.6%),

precious stones (7.94%), machinery

(6.7%), electronics (6.3%)

Primary imports partners: China

(12.0%), UAE (7.6%), Saudi Arabia

(5.9%), Switzerland (5.5%), United

States (5.3%)

Total value of exports: US$351.2

billion

Primary exports - commodities:

machinery and equipment (including

electronics), consumer goods,

pharmaceuticals and other chemicals,

mineral fuels

Primary exports partners: Hong

Kong (11.6 percent of total exports),

Malaysia (11.5 percent), US (11.2

percent), Indonesia (9.7 percent),

China (9.7 percent), Japan (4.6

percent)

Total value of imports: US$310.4

billion

Primary imports - commodities:

machinery and equipment, mineral

fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs,

consumer goods

Primary imports partners: US (14.7

of total imports), Malaysia (11.6

percent), China (10.5 percent), Japan

(7.6 percent), Indonesia (5.8 percent),

South Korea (5.7 percent)

Trade in Singapore

Singapore is the 14th largest exporter and the 15th largest importer in the world.

Historically, international trade has strongly influenced the economy. According to

the WTO, Singapore has the highest trade to GDP ratio in the world at 407.9

percent. Due to its geostrategic location and developed port facilities, a large volume

of Singapore's merchandise exports involve entrepôt trade – with 47 percent of

exports consisting of re-exports.

Singapore trade barriers

As a strong advocate of free trade, Singapore has relatively few trade barriers. Trade

partners with Most Favoured Nation (MFN) have zero tariff rates applied to their

products apart from six lines for alcoholic beverages. There are however some

import restrictions based mainly on environmental, health, and public security

concerns. The import of rice also requires import licensing in order to ensure food

security and price stability.

Changes in the world between the 20th century and the 21st century that affect

the FMCG industry

The year 2000 roughly marks the watershed between 2 eras in the evolution of the

FMCG industry. Several things have changed between the 2 eras:

1. Some retailers are now as big, or bigger than many FMCG

companies, nullifying the FMCG companies' economies of scale advantage.

Prior to the 1990s, retailers were much smaller than FMCG companies. This

meant that FMCG companies were much larger than retailers, and hence FMCG

company produced products would inevitably have a cost advantage to private

label / store manufactured products. However the size and scale of retailers

today allow them to commission private label manufacturing for products (whose

technology is available to private label manufacturers) on a scale as large as the

major FMCG manufacturers.

2. It is harder for FMCG companies to sustain a technological edge and build

brand value, because chemical and materials technology have moved to

the upper end of the technology innovation S-curve. The last century was a

period when chemical, materials and industrial technology were starting to evolve

rapidly, and new industrial technologies brought us innovations like the washing

machine, rice cooker, and other home appliances. During this time, well managed

brands that communicated capability were a source of competitive advantage. It

was also difficult for competitors and upstarts to manufacture the products

because technology know-how was not widespread. They did not have the know-

how (e.g. advanced detergents, shampoos etc) or scale to manufacture

effectively.

However, technology progress in chemical, materials and personal/household

technology is now entering the upper end of the S-curve. While technology

advances continue at a rapid pace, fewer of these advances are "paradigm

changing". People are no longer experiencing "shock and awe" at new products

coming onto the market, and are generally able to understand new FMCG

products. There are also fewer radical advances in categories; for example, in

many cases, the difference between a good detergent and a cutting edge

detergent is not dramatic. The result is that the value of brands deteriorates for

capability driven brands, and makes it hard for consumers to differentiate one

product from another. The widespread availability of manufacturing and

technology know-how also makes it easier for upstart competitors to manufacture

functionally near-equivalent products. The result is that many categories of

FMCG goods are in danger of being commoditized.

3. The mindset and norms of people brought up in the Information

Age reduces the value of brands. The generation that grew up in the

information age is culturally different from the generations before. Compared to

the past, when information was harder to come by, people are now used to

looking for information on product attributes and sharing product reviews.

Information is freely available and the new generation is mentally predisposed to

looking for information. The value of brands as a signaling mechanism is

reduced. For example, observe how the online jeweler Blue Nile has been able to

build a large customer base relatively quickly. In the past, it would have been

unthinkable for consumers to buy thousand dollar pieces of jewelery over the

phone, much less over the Internet. High value purchases of such hard-to-assess

products would only be done at trusted jewelry stores.

INDO-SINGAPORE ECONOMIC RELATIONSHIP

Singapore is considered to be the India's largest trading and investment partners in

Association of South East Asian Nations. A close relationship between the two

nations in recent years has given birth a dramatic growth in bilateral trade and

investment linkages. A capital surplus economy like Singapore has become a good

partner in India's step towards infrastructure investments, technological progress and

enhancement of export markets.

For enhancing the relationship between the two nations, India-Singapore Joint Study

Group (JSG) in 2002 was set up to look into the possibility of concluding a

Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (CECA) between the two

countries. The JSG in its report identified areas of increased economic engagement

between the two countries and also recommended measures to be taken. Keeping

the report of the JSG as a basis, negotiations between the two governments have

commenced.

The major exportable items of India to Singapore in the year 2003 were Crude

petroleum, Refined Motor spirit, Petroleum oils, Polished diamonds for jewellery,

Polished industrial diamonds, articles of Jewellery, Aluminum Unwrought, Aluminium

sheets, Parts & accessories of computers, Synthetic fabrics, Silk fabrics,

Embroidery/Table linen of Man Made Fibres, Combed cotton, Knitted T-shirts, Vests,

Benzene, Dyes, Acids, Insecticides, Fungicides, Household articles of stainless

steel, Corrugated products of iron and steel, Forged/stamped articles of iron and

steel, Bars and Rods of iron steel, Parts of Boring or Sinking machinery, X-ray tubes,

Medical Surgical Dental or Veterinary instruments/ appliances, Penicillin, Rice,

Sugar, Cashew nuts, Essential oil, Crabs live/dried, Fish (fresh/chilled/dried),

Titanium ore, Menthol, Diesel/semi-diesel generating sets, Static converters,

Valves/Taps Cocks for Pipes, Boilers, tanks etc, Bus/lorry tyres, Tobacco.

The major importable items of India from Singapore in 2003 were parts and

accessories of Computers and Computer peripherals, Integrated Circuits, Cellular

phones, CD Roms, Styrene, P-Xylene, O-Xylene, Polypropylene, Vinyl Acetate,

Topped Crudes, Parts of boring and sinking machinery. Nickel, Tin (unwrought), lead

(unwrought) Aluminium (unwrought) Zinc (unwrought), Waste & scrap of Iron and

steel, Photographic chemicals, Sewing Machines, Ball/Roller bearings, Parts for

bulldozers, Parts of Aero planes/Helicopters, Parts for Audio/Video recorders,

Medical instruments and appliances, parts of cellular phones, parts of motor

vehicles, Cigarettes, pigments, Parts of Cathode Ray Tubes, Auto parts, parts for

electrical Machines & apparatus. These items in value terms constitute over 60 % of

India's imports from Singapore.

Total trade between India and Singapore has been steadily increasing since 1999.

The trade between India and Singapore increased by 3.22% (in 2001), to S$ 6.88

billion, and decreased by 1.16% (in 2002). By comparing the trade figures of 2003

with 2002, it is seen that total trade has gone up by 16.20%. India's Imports from

Singapore have increased by 14.22% and exports to Singapore by 21.25%.

Most of Singapore's exports to India consist of re-exports, which constitutes slightly

over 50% of Singapore's exports to India.

Over a period of 5 years India's imports from Singapore have increased by 26.88 %,

whereas, during the same period India's exports to Singapore have increased by

100.8 %.

THE KEY ECONOMIC INDICATORS

The economic growth story in the economy is very fast and sustaining. The gross

national income (GNI) of the economy has reached at current US $ 105.0 billion

(Atlas method) in the year 2004. The GNI percapita has reached at current US $

24,220.0 in the same year.

The value of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has reached at current US $ 106.8

billion in the year 2004.

The average annual growth rate of GDP between 1965-1999 was at 8.6 percent.

Real per capita GDP rose about eight-fold, from around S$4000 in 1965 to over

S$32,000 in 1999.

Singapore's economic performance compares better with that of the OECD countries

over the same period, with GDP growth more than twice the OECD growth of 3.3%.

In the year 2003 the growth rate was declined to 2.5 percent and further increased to

8.4 percent to the year 2004.

The balance of trade has remained in favour of Singapore since 1999 but it is more

or less fixed for the last five years in value terms (in S $). Indian exports to

Singapore have been steadily increasing, growing in S$ terms by 48.8% (2000),

7.52% (2001) and 3.5% (2002), and 21.25% (2003).

Investment

Singapore has emerged amongst the top foreign investors in India. During the period

January 1991 to May 2003, approvals for Foreign Direct Investment from Singapore

to India (excluding NRI and euro issues/portfolio investment) amounted to Rs.53

billion (approx USD 1.2 billion,).

Some of the Government-Linked Corporations (GLCs) of Singapore's projects

include Ascendas' Information Technology Park in Bangalore.The Government of

Singapore Investment Corporation (GIC) has registered itself in India as an Financial

Institutional Investors, and has committed Rs. 119 million in HDFC Ltd. Instead of

investing in other stocks and equities.

SUMMARY OF HEALTHCARE SECTOR OF SINGAPORE

HEALTH CARE IN SINGAPORE

Singapore is one of the most popular holiday destinations of the East. Medical

tourism has added another dimension to its tourism popularity. It has been heralded

as a centre of medical excellence and has been a meeting place for medical

professionals for conferences and training.

Popularity as a medical hub:

Singapore’s Ministry of Health has been a tome of support for medical tourism in the

country. In 2000, the World Health Organization listed Singapore as having the sixth

best healthcare system in the world. Eleven hospitals in Singapore have acquired

Joint Commission International (JCI) accreditation and quite a few of them are

ISO-9001-2000 certified as well. This speaks volumes about the high degree of

medical excellence and safety level of treatments in Singapore.

Lower cost of treatment:

Medical travelers taking advantage of excellently trained and certified physicians in

countries like India, Singapore and Thailand may enjoy huge cost savings. For

example, angioplasty procedures in India generally cost around $11,000, while the

same procedures cost around $13,000 in Singapore.

Travel and stay:

The Changing International Airport has a good network of flights connecting some

180 countries across the globe. The Singapore Tourism Board (STB) has been

instrumental in promoting medical tourism. It aims at developing specific services for

medical travelers. The Singapore has some of the best hotels in the world. You could

plan for a stay in one of those or just check-in to a less-expensive hotel which fits

your budget better.

A medical tourist in Singapore has an option of recuperating with a splendid post-

surgical vacation in Singapore. The excellent medical service and a rejuvenating

holiday ensure a safe and refreshing journey to your home land.

HEALTH CARE POLICY IN SINGAPORE

Singapore’s healthcare system comprises public and private healthcare,

complemented by rising standards of living, housing, education, medical services,

safe water supply and sanitation, and preventive medicine.

Over the years, MOH(ministry of health) has followed the principle of ensuring that

good and affordable basic medical services are available to all Singaporeans. We

have been continuously fine-tuning our system to ensure we are always aligned with

this principle and developed our healthcare system into one that has received praise

and recognition both locally and internationally.

Singapore healthcare begins with building a healthy population through preventive

healthcare programmers and promoting a healthy lifestyle.

Good, affordable basic healthcare is available to Singaporeans through subsidized

medical services at public hospitals and clinics. Our hospitals and healthcare system

will never withhold help to a Singaporean because of financial limitations. Yet our

philosophy promotes individual responsibility towards healthy living and medical

expenses

Primary Healthcare

Primary health care includes preventive healthcare and health education. Private

practitioners provide 80% of primary healthcare services while government

polyclinics provide the remaining 20%. However, public hospitals provide 80% of the

more costly hospital care with the remaining 20% by private hospital care.

Our island network of 18 outpatient polyclinics and some 2,000 private medical

practitioner's clinics provides our primary health care services. Each polyclinic is an

affordable subsidized one-stop health center, providing outpatient medical care,

follow-up of patients discharged from hospitals, immunization, health screening and

education, investigative facilities and pharmacy services. The needy elderly receive

further help through the Community Health Assist Scheme (CHAS). CHAS is most

helpful for those who cannot travel to polyclinics.

Hospital Care

Our 7 public hospitals comprise 5 general hospitals, a women's and children's

hospital and a psychiatry hospital. The general hospitals provide inpatient and

specialist outpatient services, an 24-hour emergency department. 75% of public

hospital beds are heavily subsidized. There are also 6 national specialty centers for

cancer, cardiac, eye, skin, neuroscience and dental care.

CONCLUSIONS

Our research & overall study on the medical tourism of India brings us with following

highlights of conclusion:

India is very well known and amongst the top rankers in the field of medical tourism

around the world.

The medical treatment package price in India is 35% to 40% lesser than the

treatment cost in USA or Thailand or Singapore.

India plays key roles & ensures that India uses its strength in medical field to get

global financial benefits.

Singapore healthcare begins with building a healthy population through preventive

healthcare programmers and promoting a healthy lifestyle.

Though they find medical treatments US, Singapore & certain other parts of the

world feasible, but when the services of such country hospitals, their costs, their

doctors are compared to that of India, Indian medical services are found much far

ahead of those of US & other countries of the world in all aspects.

We plan to make tie-ups with hospitals like Shelby for knee replacement, which is

one of the most well-known hospitals of India for organ replacements.

We plan to focus for tie-ups with the few best existing hospitals of Gujarat

&especially

Ahmedabad for providing medical services by inviting Singapore residents here &

giving them the best possible service.

SUMMARY OF INSURANCE SECTOR OF SINGAPORE

INSURANCE INDUSTRY IN SINGAPORE

The Insurance sector in Singapore is one of the most open Insurance markets in the

world. In 2000, the market was opened to foreign investors and the 49% limit on foreign

shareholdings was removed. The Monetary Authority of Singapore is responsible for the

development, supervision and regulation of the insurance industry.

Market Structure

In Singapore, there are 153 registered insurers, 12 in direct life insurers, 39 direct

general insurers, 40 reinsurers and 51 captive insurers .Nearly 75 per cent of the life and non-

life companies insurance are Multi National Companies.

Developments in the Industry

The Singapore Insurance Industry has overcome the financial crisis in Asia in

1999.Standard and Poor's one of the leading rating agencies in the world has given a positive

rating for the Insurance sector in Singapore.

SINGAPORE INSURANCE STRUCTURE

STRUCTURE

An insurer should adopt a risk management structure that is commensurate with its

size and nature of its activities. The organizational structure should facilitate effective

management oversight and execution of risk management and control processes.

The Board of Directors is ultimately responsible for the sound and prudent

management of an insurer. The Board should approve the risk management strategy and risk

policies pertaining to core insurance activities. It should ensure that adequate resources,

expertise and support are provided for the effective implementation of the insurer’s risk

management strategy, policies and procedures. It should also be the approving authority for

changes and exceptions to such policies.

The senior management, or a committee comprising members of senior management

from both the business operations and control functions, should oversee the risk management

framework. The framework should cover areas such as approval of business and risk strategy,

review of the risk profile, implementation of risk policies approved by the Board, delegation

of authority and evaluation of the business processes. There should be adequate measures to

address potential conflicts of interest. For example, the member of senior management

approving the base premium rate of a life insurance product should not have marketing

responsibilities and there should be proper segregation of underwriting responsibilities from

claims handling and settlement responsibilities. Claims should be reported directly to the

Claims Department instead of through the Underwriting Department.

The insurer should establish a risk management function, preferably independent from

the operational processes, if warranted by the size and complexity of its operations. This

function would be primarily responsible for the development of and ensuring compliance

with the insurer’s risk management policies and procedures. In order to be effective, this

function should have the requisite authority, sufficient resources and be able to raise issues

directly to the Board or relevant Board Committee.

Players in Insurance sector in Singapore

Life Insurance Companies in Singapore

Aviva Insurance

Aviva is the world’s fifth largest* insurance group, serving 50 million customers

across Europe, North America and Asia Pacific. Aviva began serving the Singapore market

with the July 2001 acquisition of Insurance Corporation of Singapore.

Manu life Insurance

Manulife Financial is a leading Canadian based financial services company, operating

worldwide, offering a diverse range of financial protection, products and wealth management

services.

AXA Life Singapore

AXA is a French global insurance companies group headquartered in Paris. The AXA

group of companies is engaged in life, health and other forms of insurance, as well as

investment management. The AXA Group encompasses five operating business segments:

Life & Savings, Property & Casualty, International Insurance (including reinsurance), Asset

Management and Other Financial Services.

HSBC Insurance

HSBC Insurance (Singapore) Pte Ltd is a wholly owned subsidiary of HSBC

Insurance (Asia Pacific) Holdings Limited. HSBC Group is one of the world's largest

banking and financial services organizations, with major personal, commercial, corporate and

investment banking and insurance businesses operating in some 10,000 offices in 82

countries and territories in Europe, the Asia Pacific region, the Americas, the Middle East

and Africa.

Non-Life Insurance Companies in Singapore

American Home Insurance

American Home Assurance Company Singapore Branch (AHA), an AIG company, is

one of the leading providers of consumer and commercial insurance in Singapore, with more

than S$402 million in gross written premiums. They have existed in Singapore since 1953.

Mitsui Sumitomo Insurance

Mitsui Sumitomo Insurance (MSI) is the parent company in Japan, while its

Singapore arm is MSIG .It has been in corporate insurance for more than 100 years. The main

objective of MSIG is to bring security and safety to the people and businesses of Singapore.

Ace Insurance

ACE Insurance Limited is a member of the ACE Group of Companies®, one of the

leading global providers of insurance and reinsurance. The ACE Group provides a diversified

range of products and services to clients through operations in more than 50 countries around

the world.

Prudential in Singapore

Prudential plc is a multinational life insurance and financial services company

headquartered in London, United Kingdom.

Prudential's largest division is Prudential Corporation Asia, which has over 15 million

customers across 12 Asian markets and is a top-three provider of life insurance in mainland

China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, the Philippines and Vietnam. Its

Prudential UK division has around 7 million customers and is a leading provider of life

insurance and pensions in the UK. Prudential also owns Jackson National Life Insurance

Company, which is one of the largest life insurance providers in the United States, and M&G

Investments, a Europe-focused fund manager with total assets under management of

£203 billion at 30 June 2011.

Prudential has a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of

the FTSE 100 Index. It had a market capitalization of approximately £15.9 billion as of 23

December 2011, making it the 25th-largest company on the London Stock

Exchange. Prudential has secondary listings on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, New York

Stock Exchange and Singapore Exchange.

History

1848 to 2000

The Company was founded on 30 May 1848 in Hatton Garden in London as the

Prudential Mutual Assurance Investment and Loan Association providing loans to

professional and working people.

In 1854 the Company began selling the relatively new concept of industrial branch

insurance policies to the working class population for premiums as low as one penny through

agents acting as door to door salesmen. The army of premium collection agents was for many

years identified with the Prudential as the "Man from the Pru".

It moved to its traditional home at Hol born Bars in 1879 and converted to a limited

company in 1881. The building was designed by Alfred Waterhouse, and is built of terracotta

manufactured by Gibbs and Canning Limited of Tamworth (c.1878)—two of the same

driving forces behind the Natural History Museum in London.

The Company was first listed on the London Stock Exchange in 1924. In 1997

Prudential acquired Scottish Amicable, a business originally founded in 1826 in Glasgow as

the West of Scotland Life Insurance Company, for $1.75bn.

In 1998 Prudential set up Egg, an internet bank within the UK. The subsidiary reached

550,000 customers within nine months but had difficulty achieving profitability. In June 2000

an initial public offering of 21% was made to allow for further growth of the internet business

but in February 2006 Prudential decided to repurchase the 21% share of Egg. Egg was

subsequently sold to Citibank in January 2007.

In 1999, M&G, a UK fund management company, was acquired.

In June 2000 the Company was first listed on the New York Stock Exchange to help

focus on the US market.

2000 to present

In October 2004 Prudential launched a new subsidiary, Pru Health, a joint venture

with Discovery Holdings of South Africa selling Private Medical Insurance to the UK

market.

In April 2008 Prudential outsourced its back office functions to Capita: about 3,000

jobs were transferred (1,000 in Stirling, 750 in Reading and 1,250 in Mumbai). This

significant outsourcing deal, worth an estimated £722m over a 15 year contract, built on

Prudential's existing relationship with Capita who took over its Belfast operation in 2006

along with approximately 450 employees in a smaller operational restructure.

On 7 April 2009, it was announced that Prudential was in talks with Manchester

United regarding becoming the English football giant's shirt sponsor in 2010. However, on 3

June 2009, Manchester United announced that it had signed a four year shirt sponsorship deal

with American insurance giant, Aon Corporation. On 1 March 2010, Prudential announced

that it was in "advanced talks" to purchase the pan-Asian life insurance company

of AIG, American International Assurance (AIA) for approximately $35.5 billion. The deal

later collapsed and AIA ended up raising money in an IPO.

Prudential Singapore, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of UK-based Prudential

plc, is one of the top life insurance companies in Singapore. We are one of the market leaders

in investment-linked plans with over S$7.38 billion funds managed under PruLink funds as at

31 December 2011. With a rich history that has spanned more than 80 years, Prudential

Singapore now has a dedicated team of approximately 3,100 financial consultants and over

700 employees. We are committed to serving the needs of more than 680,000 policyholders

with over 1.6 million policiesPrudential Singapore is the first life insurer in Singapore to be

named Asia's Life Insurance Company of the Year in 2000. We were also presented with the

Gold Award in Reader's Digest Trusted Brands for four consecutive years from 2007 to 2010

and the May Day Model Partnership Award in 2009. In 2010, we emerged as one of the top

insurers in Singapore in the Customer Satisfaction Index, which is a national barometer that

tracks 104 companies from eight sectors.

Prudential life insurance products

Types of Life Insurance

An important part of a sound financial plan, life insurance from The Prudential

Insurance Company of America and its affiliates provides a valuable death benefit to your

beneficiaries upon your death. Your beneficiaries can then use this money to replace some of

the income you would have earned or to help pay off debts or other expenses.

The two types of life insurance are term and permanent. The one that's right for you depends

on many factors, including your budget, the amount of coverage you need, and the length of

time you'd like the coverage to last.

Term Life Insurance

Term policies issued by Pruco Life Insurance Company can help meet a wide variety

of business and personal needs and often provide the most coverage for your premium dollar

for set periods of time. Whether you want to supplement your existing coverage or simply

purchase insurance to meet a specific need, our term policies have the flexibility to help meet

your needs. Learn more about our term life insurance policies.

Permanent Life Insurance

Permanent policies can provide lifetime protection. There are several different types

of permanent policies:

Universal Life Insurance

Universal life insurance can help meet the needs of people who desire long-term

death benefit protection with a flexible premium structure. Learn more about our products

with a potential to accumulate non-guaranteed tax-deferred cash value.

Variable Life Insurance

Variable life insurance offers a choice of death benefit options and a potential to

accumulate non-guaranteed tax-deferred cash value that fluctuates based on the performance

of underlying investment options that you choose.

Survivorship Life Insurance

Survivorship (second-to-die) life insurance insures two people and pays the death

benefit when both have died. It is used primarily for wealth preservation.

SUMMARY OF TEXTILE SECTOR OF SINGAPORE

Singapore A Textile Gateway

Singapore has become a major sourcing hub and headquarters site for companies in the textile

and apparel industry. The Republic of Singapore — whose name means "Lion City" — is

situated off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula in Southeast Asia and comprises

Singapore Island and 60 islets. The British established Singapore as a trading colony in 1819.

It became a part of the Federation of Malaysia in 1963, but it left the federation in 1965 to

become an independent nation and now is among the world's most prosperous countries. It

holds a strong position in international trade, and its per capita gross domestic product is

comparable to that of Western Europe's leading nations. One of the most densely populated

countries globally, Singapore ranks fourth worldwide as a financial center, according to the

City of London's Global Financial Centres Index 7.

Textile and Apparel Industry

Manufacturing, distribution and retail are the main activities within Singapore's textile and

apparel industry. According to 2008 data from Singapore's Department of Statistics,

Economic Development Board and SPRING Singapore — a government agency that

implements programs to support the country's textile and apparel sector — the textile and

apparel industry comprises 4,818 establishments, of which in that year 4,212 were

wholesalers and retailers and 606 were manufacturers. In 2008, sales totaled approximately

US$6.9 billion and manufacturing output was worth approximately US$700 million. In 2008,

the industry employed 27,378 people. Singapore's textile and apparel manufacturers export

their products primarily to the U.S. and European markets, and are some of the largest

suppliers to brands such as Nike and Gap and department stores such as Macy's.

The Textile and Fashion Federation Singapore — established in 1981 through a coalition of

textile and apparel associations — with cooperation from International Enterprise Singapore

and SPRING Singapore, launched Apparel Singapore in July 2008 as a brand to represent a

group of major Singapore apparel manufacturers in their strategic and global marketing

efforts. The brand comprises member companies — also known as brand ambassadors, which

include established, successful Singapore-based apparel manufacturers that also operate

production facilities in nearly 20 countries. Apparel Singapore promotes the capabilities,

manufacturing services, offerings and competitiveness of the country's apparel manufacturers

to the global market with the goal of increasing the industry's production.

"Not many people know that the largest suppliers for international brands like Nike, Macy's

and GAP are actually apparel manufacturers based in Singapore," said Lim Hng Kiang,

minister for trade and industry, in remarks made at the official launching ceremony of

Apparel Singapore. "They have been able to ride the wave of globalization by offering an

integrated global sourcing solution to established global retailers and buyers. Our [textile and

apparel] companies have been able to provide flexibility and customization of service

offerings to these global customers by leveraging on the cost-effective manufacturing

locations in China, Southeast Asia and South Asia, and basing their headquarter functions in

Singapore."

Sourcing Hub And Headquarters Site

Singapore ranks second in size after Hong Kong as a textile and apparel business and

sourcing hub in the Asia-Pacific region, with a total estimated sourcing volume through the

country of approximately SGD$2.5 billion to SGD$3 billion, according to SPRING

Singapore. The Port of Singapore is the largest port in Southeast Asia and currently the

world's busiest port in terms of total shipping tonnage. It is a critical port for the many textile-

manufacturing countries surrounding it.

With its stable government and Western business practices, and because international brands

demand suppliers' compliance with high standards, Singapore has become an attractive

location for textile distributors to set up headquarters activities. The World Bank Group's

Doing Business Project, which evaluates business regulations and their enforcement across

183 economies and selected cities worldwide, ranked Singapore number one in the overall

"Ease of Doing Business" category in its 2011 report.

This is the fifth year the country has led the rankings’ number of textile dye and chemical

suppliers have relocated their headquarters to the country. For example, in 2010, Switzerland-

based textile dyes and chemical supplier Clariant International Ltd. moved its Textile

Chemicals Business Unit headquarters from Reinach, Switzerland, to Singapore. "Singapore

is the optimum location from which to service the key global textile markets across India,

China and South East Asia," said Thomas Winkler, head of Clariant's Textile Chemicals

Business Unit.

Huntsman Textile Effects — a manufacturer of chemicals and dyes for finished textiles and

materials, and a division of Huntsman Corp. — has relocated its headquarters from Basel,

Switzerland, to Singapore. In announcing the move in 2009, Huntsman Textile Effects

President Paul Hulme said: "Geographically, Singapore is an ideal location from which to

serve the markets in China, India and Southeast Asia, but also allows us to continue to serve

and grow our business in Europe and the Americas. Singapore was chosen from a number of

possible locations, primarily because of its proximity to our key growth markets, the

excellent international business environment encouraged by the Singapore Economic

Development Board, and the availability of the high quality professionals that will be critical

to the continued growth of our global business."

In 2008, Germany-based chemical company BASF SE made Singapore the headquarters for

its Performance Chemicals for Leather and Textiles global Business Unit; and in 2007,

Wilmington, Del.-based DuPont Imaging Technologies opened a technology center in

Singapore to support its DuPon Artistry digital printing system for textiles and to serve its

customers in the Asia Pacific region.

Machinery Shipments

Because Singapore is more of a gateway for the textile industry than a manufacturing base,

the country does not import much textile machinery. The 2008 and 2009 International Textile

Machinery Shipment Statistics reports of the Switzerland-based International Textile

Manufacturers Federation (ITMF) indicate that with the exception of a small number of

circular knitting machines, little textile machinery has been exported to Singapore by

respondents to its machinery shipment surveys.

The German Engineering Federation (VDMA) Textile Machinery Association also reports

that Singapore is not a significant market for Germany's textile machinery exports. Total

machinery exports to Singapore in 2009 were worth approximately 2.2 million Euros; and in

the first three quarters of 2010, machinery exports were worth nearly 4 million Euros.

Nanotechnology

The Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology (SIMTech) — a research institute of

Singapore's Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) — recently launched

the Nanotechnology in Manufacturing Initiative (NiMI) to explore new market opportunities

in the global nanotechnology market, which is projected to be worth more than US$2.4

trillion by 2015 and is relevant to many textile applications. The initiative is supported by

International Enterprise Singapore, Singapore Economic Development Board and SPRING

Singapore. Thirteen companies are members of the initiative, including companies operating

in the textile sector such as Pidilite Innovation Centre, a provider of adhesives and sealants,

textile chemicals, organic pigment powders and industrial resins, among other products;

Toray Industries Inc., a supplier of fibers and textiles and carbon fiber composite materials,

among other products; and 3M, a supplier of tapes and adhesives, abrasives, flexible circuits,

safety and security solutions, reflective film and other products for industrial, commercial and

consumer applications.

Economic Structure of the country:

One of Singapore’s pioneer industries since the national industrialisation action, which started

over 40 years ago, is the textile and apparel industry. Today, in terms of sourcing volume the

island ranks as the second largest textile and apparel business and sourcing hub in Asia-

Pacific after Hong Kong. The estimated sourcing volume in total is about USD 2.5bn to USD

3bn. The retail sector consists of 2,408 apparel retailers who make $1.6 billion in sales.

In the last years, there has been a decrease in the domestic export of Singaporean textile and

apparel. However, there is still optimism about the industry’s contribution into the islands

economy. Though Singaporean companies have their production mostly outside the country,

headquarters and main branches stay on the island. Furthermore, the industry has a multiplier

effect on other supporting industries like logistics or banking.

2.2 BACKGROUND INFO FOR BUSINESS

Since many garment manufacturers moved their fabrication abroad, Singapore’s

textile and apparel industry has converted to a regional fashion, sourcing and

marketing hub. The Textile and Fashion Federation (TaFf), which is the

successor of the textile and garment association for over 25 years, is supporting

the industry to obtain and remain these targets. The objectives of TaFf are to

support

• Manufacturing: educate & provide regulations to encourage industry to safeguard

• Marketing: issue the ASEAN region and beyond to Singapore

textile & fashion apparel design

• Sourcing: give information to local producers where in ASEAN and

beyond to source for materials

• Design: put up a platform for Singaporean designers and brands to

exhibit & sell their designs

2.3 India Textile Industry

India Textile Industry is one of the leading textile industries in the world. Though was

predominantly unorganized industry even a few years back, but the scenario started changing

after the economic liberalization of Indian economy in 1991. The opening up of economy

gave the much-needed thrust to the Indian textile industry, which has now successfully

become one of the largest in the world. India textile industry largely depends upon the textile

manufacturing and export. It also plays a major role in the economy of the country. India

earns about 27% of its total foreign exchange through textile exports. Further, the textile

industry of India also contributes nearly 14% of the total industrial production of the country.

It also contributes around 3% to the GDP of the country. India textile industry is also the

largest in the country in terms of employment generation. It not only generates jobs in its own

industry, but also opens up scopes for the other ancillary sectors. India textile industry

currently generates employment to more than 35 million people. It is also estimated that, the

industry will generate 12 million new jobs by the year 2010.

2.3.1 Various Categories

Indian textile industry can be divided into several segments, some of which can be listed as

below:

1. Cotton Textiles

2. Silk Textiles

3. Woollen Textiles

4. Readymade Garments

5. Hand-crafted Textiles

6. Jute and Coir

India textile industry is one of the leading in the world. Currently it is estimated to be around

US$ 52 billion and is also projected to be around US$ 115 billion by the year 2012. The

current domestic market of textile in India is expected to be increased to US$ 60 billion by

2012 from the current US$ 34.6 billion. The textile export of the country was around US$

19.14 billion in 2006-07, which saw a stiff rise to reach US$ 22.13 in 2007-08. The share of

exports is also expected to increase from 4% to 7% within 2012. Following are area,

production and productivity of cotton in India during the last six decades:

Strengths

Vast textile production capacity

Large pool of skilled and cheap work force

Entrepreneurial skills

Efficient multi-fiber raw material manufacturing capacity

Large domestic market

Enormous export potential

Very low import content

Flexible textile manufacturing systems

Weaknesses

Increased global competition in the post 2005 trade regime under WTO

Imports of cheap textiles from other Asian neighbours

Use of outdated manufacturing technology

Poor supply chain management

Huge unorganized and decentralized sector

High production cost with respect to other Asian competitors

CURRENT FACTS ON INDIA TEXTILE INDUSTRY

India retained its position as world’s second highest cotton producer.

Acreage under cotton reduced about 1% during 2008-09.

The productivity of cotton which was growing up over the years has decreased in

2008-09.

Substantial increase of Minimum Support Prices (MSPs).

Cotton exports couldn't pick up owing to disparity in domestic and international

cotton prices.

Imports of cotton were limited to shortage in supply of Extra Long staple cottons.

1950-51 56.48 30.62 92

1960-61 76.78 56.41 124

1970-71 76.05 47.63 106

1980-81 78.24 78.60 170

1990-91 74.39 117.00 267

2000-01 85.76 140.00 278

2001-02 87.30 158.00 308

2002-03 76.67 136.00 302

2003-04 76.30 179.00 399

2004-05 87.86 243.00 470

2005-06 86.77 244.00 478

2006-07 91.44 280.00 521

2007-08 94.39 315.00 567

2008-09 93.73 290.00 526

Cotton Exports from India

Year Area in lakh hectares Production in lakh bales of 170 kgs Yield kgs per hectare

Year Quantity (in lakh bales of 170 kgs) Value (in `/Crores)

1996-97 16.82 1655.00

1997-98 3.50 313.62

1998-99 1.01 86.72

1999-00 0.65 52.15

2000-01 0.60 51.43

2001-02 0.50 44.40

2002-03 0.83 66.31

2003-04 12.11 1089.15

2004-05 9.14 657.34

2005-06 47.00 3951.35

2006-07 58.00 5267.08

2007-08 85.00 8365.98

2008-09 50.00 N.A.

Year Quantity (in lakh bales of 170 kgs.) Value (` /Crores)

1996-97 0.30 56.42

1997-98 4.13 497.93

1998-99 7.87 772.64

1999-00 22.01 1967.92

2000-01 22.13 2029.18

2001-02 25.26 2150.01

2002-03 17.67 1789.92

2003-04 7.21 880.10

2004-05 12.17 1338.04

2005-06 5.00 695.77

2006-07 5.53 752.29

2007-08 6.50 986.33

2008-09 7.00 N.A.

SUMMARY OF TOURISM SECTOR OF SINGAPORE

Singapore Tourism Board

Vision

To be a leading economic development agency in tourism, known for partnership,

innovation and excellence.

Mission

We champion tourism and build it into a key economic driver for Singapore

Values

Integrity Do the Right Thing!

We are fair, honest and trustworthy, inspiring trust and confidence.

Team Succeed Together

United in purpose, we accomplish more together.

Courage 3D – Dare, Dream, Do!

We dare to dream, experiment and boldly execute our ideas.

Care Appreciate One Another

We respect, nurture and have compassion for one another. We care for ourselves

and our community.

Passion Love it!

We are energetic and driven, believing in our purpose and loving what we do.

Fun It’s Our Attitude

We seize each day with enthusiasm. We are optimistic about our future.

Business Tourism and Government Policy

As the lead government agency for the business events sector in Singapore, the

Bureau fulfills the following roles:

Business Events Champion

SECB aims to create, grow, and attract business events that reinforce Singapore’s

reputation as a business and intellectual hub. In this regard, SCEB partner organizers

and other government agencies to leverage our established strengths in key industries

such as biomedical & healthcare, ICT & media, social, transport & security, lifestyle

& cruise, environment & energy, infrastructure, business, trade & professional

services, and futures.

Global Marketer

SECB engages in various marketing and promotional activities in order to

entrench Singapore's position as a premier Business & MICE destination. We also

provide marketing and publicity support for partners to reach their target audience

regionally and internationally.

Industry Developer

SECB also works to create a vibrant Business & MICE environment with strong

industry players, robust alliances, world-class infrastructure and an emerging pool of

MICE talent.

The Singapore Exhibition & Convention Bureau is a member of the Best Cities

Global Alliance, the world’s first and only convention bureau alliance with eight partners in

five continents.

For Singapore, and the Business Travel, Meetings, Incentives, Exhibitions and

Conventions (BTMICE) sector, 2011 was a watershed year. A total of 3.1 million business

travellers came, accounting for 27 per cent of all visitors to Singapore and approximately

S$5.4 billion in tourism receipts. This translated into impressive growth rates of 19.2 per cent

and 28.4 per cent respectively over 2009.

The number of meetings, incentives, conventions and exhibitions also surged, with

attendance of some events reaching all-time highs. Aiding this growth were events such as

the International Furniture Fair Singapore, BroadcastAsia 2010, Singapore International

Water Week, the 77th Union of International Fairs Congress, Asia Pacific Maritime

2010 and Food and Hotel Asia 2010, all of which recorded double-digit increases in foreign

attendance. There were also 108 new events, a 35 per cent increase in events over 2009.

Some examples of which are Live!Singapore, MedTech 2010, RoboCup 2010 and Blueprint.

SECB (Singapore Exhibition and Convention Bureau) also actively bids for business

events that are both significant and strategic towards achieving STB’s tourism goals. For the

first time in its history of world congresses, the European-based International Federation of

Freight Forwarders Association (FIATA) broke its rotation pattern and chose Singapore

over the world’s top logistics country, Germany (Berlin), to host the 2013 World Logistics

Congress. .As the world’s largest non-governmental organization in the field of transportation

and logistics, FIATA will further strengthen Singapore’s position as a regional logistics hub.

Winning this bid in 2010 was testament to the close working relationship between STB and

our industry partners.

Medical Tourism and Government Policy

Asia's Leading Medical Hub

Singapore is Asia's leading medical hub, providing internationally accredited

healthcare for patients. Built on a heritage of excellence, safety and trustworthiness,

Singapore has come a long way to being the leading healthcare services hub in the

region.

The hospitals and specialty center’s provide integrated focus in many specialty

areas such as cardiology, ophthalmology and oncology. These specialty centres and

hospitals also carry out research and development, leveraging the growing biomedical

research and expertise in Singapore to develop new treatments. As Asia's multi-

faceted medical hub, Singapore leads the region in attracting a growing number of

international medical professionals and multinational healthcare/healthcare-related

companies to establish headquarters train and share their expertise as well as conduct

and host healthcare-related research, training and events.

Excellent Basic & Clinical Research & development

Singapore medical advancements are propelled by the government strong to basic

and clinical research and development. The establishment of bio polis, the S$500

million state of the art infrastructure for the life science, Has enabled Singapore to

develop swiftly into a global biomedical sciences hub advancing human healthcare.

Singapore Today

Tourism boards recently organized an Annual Tourism Industry Conference at the

Suntec Exhibition and Convention Centre. The conference brought together

experienced professionals from tourism industry in Singapore along with a famous

name Horwath HTL Asia Pacific. As informed by Singapore Tourism Board, the

discussion at conference rolled around the tremendous growth of Singapore tourism

industry in recent years. It was reported that the tourist arrival has increased in

Singapore to about 49 percent since 2009 with 11.6 million in 2010.

Singapore also showed a remarkable performance at recent World Economic Forum's

Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index 2011 by topping in Asia Pacific and acquiring

10th place among 130 countries. Mr. S Iswaran, Senior Minister of State for Trade and

Industry expressed his views about Singapore tourism plans and its execution. He was more

focused on sustainable tourism by attracting more quality tourism rather than quantity

tourism. As revealed by Ms. Aw Kah Peng, Chief Executive, Singapore Tourism Board,

Singapore is now aimed at attracting 12 to 13 million visitor arrivals in 2011.

Singapore Tourism Board also uncovered the new mobile technology App. Your

Singapore Mobile Guide that would facilitate and help travelers wishing to visit Singapore.

Conference also marked the presence of Horwath HTL Asia Pacific that plays a major role in

appraisal of travelers in the Singapore.

What's next: Targeting to 2015

The STB has launched its new target for tourism development until 2015. The

STB, has done very well in promoting and developing Singaporean tourism to an

excellent performance level

What about the future? The Singapore Tourism Board has been setting the

target for the next decade. The target is created by realizing the new emerging powers

such as China and India which both are potential markets for Singapore tourism,

without ignoring the established market such as the neighbors, Europe, United States

and Japan. The goal for the target is for tourism to remain a key contributor in the

economy.

The STB has identified three key foci, especially, to creating strengthening

Singapore's position as

(a) Leading convention and exhibition city in Asia with a strong and dynamic business

environment. Since there are several convention cities such as Hong Kong, Singapore

has always to consider them as competitors;

(b) Developing Singapore as a leading Asian leisure destination by providing an

enriching experience that is Uniquely Singapore;

(c) Establishing Singapore as the services center of Asia - a place where visitors can

enjoy quality services such as healthcare and education services.

Indicator 2004 2015

Tourism Receipts (SG $

Billions)

10 30

Visitors Arrivals (Million) 8 17

Tourism Employment 150,000 250,000

Source: STB

Tourism sector Performance

This tremendous growth is reflected across all sectors in Singapore’s tourism industry,

with a multitude of diverse dining, retail, arts and entertainment options enriching

Singapore’s rich and vibrant tourism offerings.

Singapore’s visibility on the world stage as an exciting, quality travel destination has

also been enhanced through key events such as the Asia Fashion Exchange, World Gourmet

Summit and Travel Rave as well as outstanding tourism infrastructure as seen in the Resorts

World Sentosa and Marina Bay Sands Integrated Resorts, endearing itself to new and

returning travelers alike.

9.8

10.3 10.1

9.7

11.6

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Tourist Arrivals in singapore

Tourist Arrivals in singapore

Hotels and Travel Trade in India

Category Till 15 dec 2010

Inbound Tour Operators 603

Travel Agents 467

Tourist Transport Operators 213

Domestic Tour Operators 67

Adventure Tour Operators 33

Total 1383

(Source: Ministry of Tourism, India)

Criteria Singapore’s Rank India’s Rank

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Tourist arrivals in India

Tourist arrivals in India

Safety and security 13 78

Tourism Infra. 33 89

Natural Resources 96 8

Health and Hygiene 55 112

Prioritization of Travel

and Tourism

2 91

(Source: UNWTO)

Marketing campaign in Singapore

The official website as approved by the ministry of Singapore for the marketing

campaign for tourism is www.yoursingapore.com.This website reveals the full fledge

information for the tourists travelling all over the world..

The information include

The Attractions in Singapore

The hospitality facilities in Singapore

The Dining in Singapore

The Shopping in Singapore

So we can say that the marketing strategies and campaign’s are very user friendly because

of the first time visitor to Singapore will not face any difficulties and will get all the

information in a one platform only.

Singapore tourism board launches a new marketing campaign for India:

“The holiday, you take home with you”

Tuesday, March 27,2012 source: TRAVEL DAILY NEWS

Singapore Tourism Board (STB) unveiled its latest plan targeted at the India market.

“The Holiday You Take Home with You”, the third in a series of customized and

differentiated marketing campaigns, follows the previous campaigns in the adoption

of a consumer-centric approach by tailoring its experiences based on a deeper

understanding of the needs of Indian leisure travelers. The visitor-centricity is in line

with Singapore’s destination brand, YourSingapore, which empowers visitors to

personalize their unique Singapore experience according to their needs and wants.

Recognizing the unique, evolving needs of the India market

Through years of presence and in-market engagements held with Indian consumers,

STB has deepened its understanding of the market and observed changes in their travel

habits, needs and the way Indian travellers’ research and plan for their leisure trips.

Indian travellers today possess a more global worldview, and in-market interactions

have uncovered Indian consumer’s preferences for families to travel and bond together

through shared learning experiences. They seek much more out of their holidays and put

priority on aspirational, engaging experiences that deliver quality and enrichment, and which

suit their passions and interests at the same time. Many also research and plan their own Free

and Independent Traveller (FIT) itineraries on the Internet, eager to try out new things.

Tailoring quality, enriching experiences for Indian travelers

At the same time, the tourism landscape in Singapore has undergone tremendous

changes in recent years, with a myriad quality experiential and enriching activities, many of

which appeal to Indian travellers. “The Holiday You Take Home with You” campaign,

launched on 20 March in major cities including Mumbai, New Delhi and Bangalore,

highlights Singapore’s tailored offerings which appeal to the Indian audience. The core of the

campaign touches on four pillars of enriching experiences, namely Family Fun, Active

Lifestyle, Culinary and Romance. Beyond the sights and sounds of Singapore, visitors can

delve deeper into the wide range of activities from swimming with the dolphins, taking

cooking classes on Peranakan cuisine to picking up a new skill like skydiving.

Travelling partner- Thomas cook (India) Ltd.

For this unique campaign Singapore tourism has decided to select “Thomas cook” as

the travelling partner. Mr. Madhavan Menon, Managing Director of Thomas Cook (India) Ltd

said, “We are delighted to partner with Singapore Tourism Board on the launch of their new

campaign, Singapore - The Holiday You Take Home with You. As pioneers of travel, with a

vibrant heritage of over 130 years, this unique partnership with Singapore Tourism Board

will bring to Indian travellers a truly enriching and experiential range of “Active Lifestyle”

and “Family Fun” experiences. In keeping with our strong focus of innovation and

exceptional customer service, our tie-up with Singapore Tourism Board, further enhances

our unique and diverse customer centric product-service portfolio.”

Khushboo Gujarat ki

“Khusboo Gujarat ki” is a giant advertisement campaign done by the Gujarat tourism

board under the leadership of honorable chief minister Mr. Narendra Modi…These

campaign is specially done to explore the untapped resources of Gujarat in the field of

tourism industry..This campaign is targeting the domestic tourists from all over India as well

as international tourists form all over the world..and that is the only reason that the

advertisement is being done in 2 languages i.e. Hindi and English…

Bollywood super star Mr. Amitabh Bacchan is the Brand Ambasaddor of Gujarat and

is endorsing the same campaign…The Tourists destinations focused in the advertisement

are..:

The temple of Dwarka

The temple of Somnath

Rann of kutch

The wild life sanctuary of gir

Girnar mountain in Junagadh

Lothal region. .

The great response is being seen from domestic as well as from international

tourists in the recent festival in Kutch named “RANN UTSAV” because of the great

advertisement campaign approx. 350 crore’s of fund is being invested as a part of this

campaign by Gujarat Tourism Board. The punch line of this campaign is “kuch din to

guzariye Gujarat mein”