Digestion in Ruminants & Rodents

7/28/2019 Digestion in Ruminants & Rodents

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Digestion inRuminants &

Rodents


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Ruminants

Herbivore

mammals

Eg. Cow, goat,giraffe, deer

Feed on plant

- cellulose


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Rodents..

Rabbits

and rats

family


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Digestive System of

Ruminants Feed on plant cellulose

Need cellulase to digest it

But ruminants do not produce

cellulase

However their digestive system arespecially adapted to carry out

cellulose digestion


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Ruminants..

Has a stomach with 4 chambers:

1. rumen

2. reticulum3. omasum

4. abomasum

Carry out rumination process of

regurgitating food and rechewing it


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Ruminants..

Rumen

- first & largest compartment

- contain bacteria that producedcellulase for the cellulose

digestion

- function as the fermentation

chamber


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Organisms in rumen
http://4hgarden.msu.edu/kidstour/zoo/zac0288.jpghttp://4hgarden.msu.edu/kidstour/zoo/zac0288.jpghttp://4hgarden.msu.edu/kidstour/zoo/zac0290.jpghttp://4hgarden.msu.edu/kidstour/zoo/zac0293.jpghttp://4hgarden.msu.edu/kidstour/zoo/zac0281.jpghttp://4hgarden.msu.edu/kidstour/zoo/zac0278.jpg


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Ruminants..

Reticulum

- also contains bacteria for

digestion- content of reticulum called cud

- regurgitation occurs

- has a honeycomb wall


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Ruminants..

Omasum

- reswallowed cud will be sent

here- large particle are broken

down by peristalsis

- water is removed


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Abomasum

- true stomach of the ruminants

- gastric juice containing

digestive enzymes

- HCl and pepsin

Ruminants..


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Flow of food in ruminant

mouth

oesophagus

rumen mouth

omasum

reticulum

abomasum

regurgitationfermentation

curd swallow

swallow

- H2O

chyme


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rumen

reticulum

abomasum

omasum


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Digestive System of Rodents

Theircaecum andappendix are

enlarged to store the

cellulase producing

bacteria

Food pass the

alimentary canal

twice

- first as food

- then as soft faeces


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Soft and watery

faeces usually

produced at night

Eaten again

Pass out as hard anddry faeces during

the day


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Rat digestive system


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Rats caecum


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Flow of food in rodents

mouth

oesophagus

stomach caecum

anus

Small

intestine

swallow

Re-eat the faeces to absorb more nutrient

Digest

cellulose


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Eaten again? Why??

to enable the

animals to absorb the

products of bacterialbreakdown

allow rodent to

recover the nutrientsinitially lost with the

faeces


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Eaten again? Why??

nutrient is absorb in the small intestine

but in rats, the microorganism that help

to digest cellulose is in the caecum, the

food must pass the small intestine beforeentering the caecum

So the faeces eliminate is actually soft

and rich in nutrientThats why they have to re-eat the

faeces in order to absorb all the nutrients


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PROBLEMS WITH FOOD

DIGESTION

INCOMPLETE DIGESTION

Excessive intake of food and oily food cause severe pain in

the stomach, nausea, vomitting & bloated stomach.

REDUCED PRODUCTION OF ENZYME

Difficulty in digestion lactose in adult, damage of pancreas

will reduce of amylase, trypsin & lipase enzyme.

FORMATION OF GALLSTONE

Excessive intake of fatty food cause gallstone that block the

bile duct , preventing bile to be channeled out. As a result

lipids cannot be emulsified.

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Digestion in Ruminants & Rodents