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Hans W. Griepentrog(Professor, PhD)
Institute of Agricultural Engineering
Technology in Crop Production
Germany
Digital Farming in Crop Production –
Introduction and Overview
6th Sino-German Agricultural Week
Sino-German Agricultural Centre (DCZ)
Hans W. Griepentrog / 30. November 2020 / Slide 2 Technology in Crop Production
Outline
■ Introduction
■ Precision Farming
□ Variable rate applications, automatic steering systems
■ Smart Farming
□ Realtime sensors
■ Digital Farming
□ Components
■ Conclusions
Hans W. Griepentrog / 30. November 2020 / Slide 3 Technology in Crop Production
Definition of Precision Farming
■ Precision Farming in an
□ information and technology based agricultural management system
□ to analyze, identify and manage spatial and temporal variability within fields
□ for optimal profitability, sustainability, and protection of the environment.
Source: G. Johnson, University of Minnesota
Hans W. Griepentrog / 30. November 2020 / Slide 4 Technology in Crop Production
Future System
Definition of Terms
■ Precision Farming
□ Site-specific treatment
Map based variable rate applications
□ Automation
Automatic steering, section control &
self adapting complex machinery
■ Smart Farming
□ Realtime systems
□ Fusion & analysis of information
□ Decision support
■ Digital Farming & Farming 4.0
□ Internet of things (M2M)
□ Cloud computing
□ Big-data & AI
□ Robots
Digital Farming
Smart Farming
Precision
Farming
Hans W. Griepentrog / 30. November 2020 / Slide 5 Technology in Crop Production
Process of Generating Application Maps
707000 707050 707100 707150 707200 707250 707300
Longitude (m)
6175150
6175200
6175250
6175300
Latitu
de
(m
)
707000 707050 707100 707150 707200 707250 707300
Longitude (m)
6175150
6175200
6175250
6175300
Latitu
de
(m
)
707000 707050 707100 707150 707200 707250 707300
Longitude (m)
6175150
6175200
6175250
6175300Latitu
de
(m
)
Crop sensing
Expert knowledge:variety, crop protection,quality, SOM etc.
Weather
Soil content
Crop demand
Application map
Management strategy(yield expectation,economics etc.)
Application dose rate =Demand minus content
Hans W. Griepentrog / 30. November 2020 / Slide 6 Technology in Crop Production
0
Dose Rate kg/ha
50
100
150
200
250
N
200
400
600
400200 600 800 m 1000
m
1b
2
4
3
Execution / Application / Map Based System
Source: Amazone / Griepentrog
Hans W. Griepentrog / 30. November 2020 / Slide 7 Technology in Crop Production
Precision Farming – Automatic Steering (1)
Overlap working width
Manual steering = 5 bis 10 %
Auto steering = 1 bis 2 %(GNSS based technology)
Hans W. Griepentrog / 30. November 2020 / Slide 8 Technology in Crop Production
Future System
Definition of Terms
■ Precision Farming
□ Site-specific treatment
Map based variable rate applications
□ Automation
Automatic steering, section control &
self adapting complex machinery
■ Smart Farming
□ Realtime systems
□ Fusion & analysis of information
□ Decision support
■ Digital Farming & Farming 4.0
□ Internet of things (M2M)
□ Cloud computing
□ Big-data & AI
□ Robots
Digital Farming
Smart Farming
Precision
Farming
Hans W. Griepentrog / 30. November 2020 / Slide 9 Technology in Crop Production
Smart Farming – Sensor based Fertilization
Photo: Yara
Demand detection(sensor)
execution(actuator)
realtimedata analysis
(control)
Hans W. Griepentrog / 30. November 2020 / Slide 10 Technology in Crop Production
Future System
Definition of Terms
■ Precision Farming
□ Site-specific treatment
Map based variable rate applications
□ Automation
Automatic steering, section control &
self adapting complex machinery
■ Smart Farming
□ Realtime systems
□ Fusion & analysis of information
□ Decision support
■ Digital Farming & Farming 4.0
□ Internet of things (M2M)
□ Cloud computing
□ Big-data & AI
□ Robots
Digital Farming
Smart Farming
Precision
Farming
Hans W. Griepentrog / 30. November 2020 / Slide 11 Technology in Crop Production
Future Digital Farming
■ Internal
□ Farm
□ Processes
□ Machines
■ External
□ Farm
□ Partners
□ Internet
■ REQUIREMENT
□ Mobile
communication
□ Standardized
interfaces & formats
Farm
CommercialDataPlatforms(e.g. cloud)
Sensors Dataacquisition
Real timedecisions
Informationsystem(FMIS)
EinhaltungStandards
Contractors /Advisors
Ministry of AG
Source: FutureFarm, modified
World
Hans W. Griepentrog / 30. November 2020 / Slide 12 Technology in Crop Production
Future Digital Farming - New Mechanization
High productivity & efficiency by numerous small machines
(scaling)
Small units are highly flexible,
no advantage for big and cleared fields
Protection and reintroduction of landscape elements possible
(biodiversity)
Hans W. Griepentrog / 30. November 2020 / Slide 13 Technology in Crop Production
Conclusions – Digital Farming - New Opportunities
■ Improving crop and soil status analysis (spatially & temporal)
□ Advantage: Efficiency of farm inputs (fertilization & plant protection)
■ New strategies of mechanization
□ Advantage: Small robots are flexible and easily adapt to different production
conditions
■ Improving information management on farms and to external partners and
authorities
□ Advantage: Automation and documentation
