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DISASTER PREPAREDNESSDISASTER PREPAREDNESS
Definition: Any situation/event
that overwhelms existing resources or ability to respond.
DEFINITION OF DISASTER:EXTERNAL
Multi patient incident event resulting
in fewer than 10 casualties Multi casualty incident
results in 100 or fewer casualties, strains facilities
Mass casualty incident results in more than 100
casualties, overwhelms existing facilities
DEFINITION OF DISASTER:INTERNAL Any situation
that results in the health care facility becoming partially or totally inoperable
DISASTER RESPONSE
Assessment:1. Loss of life2. Physical injuries3. Psychological
trauma4. Property damage5. Environmental
destruction6. Economic/Business
loss
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN
Disaster command center
Administrative operations center
Medical operations center
Nursing operations center
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN Personnel
operations center
OR operations center
Security operations center
ED operations center
RESPONSE
Confirm disaster activation response
ED operations center Assignments of on-duty
supervisor Staff assignments Evacuation of patients
from ED Secure environment ED staffing considerations Communication
RESPONSE CONTINUED Disaster casualty patient coordination
Triage Acuity assessment Disaster tags Registration log Treatment area All documentation on disaster packet Tracking with disaster tags Family
STRESS MANAGEMENT
Stress reducers Assess staff during breaks or
rounds Educate staff regarding delayed
stress reaction Critical Incident Stress Debriefing.
DEACTIVATION OF DISASTER Support resources
meeting demand Institutional needs
assessment Critique—what
worked, what needs improvement
WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION
Radiation exposure
Chemical exposure
Biological agents Viral agents Toxin agents Visual DX
Resource
RADIATION Depends on dose Symptoms-
Nausea, vomiting, or bloody diarrhea within 3 hours
Radiation safety officer
Decontamination of all patients
Safety of decontamination team
CHEMICAL
Industrial or terrorist
Recognition of agent
PPE Decontamination Specific agents
BIOLOGICAL AGENTS
Occur naturally in environment Types of biological agents
Bacteria: anthrax, plague, tularemia
Viruses: smallpox, ebola, VEE Toxins: botulism, staphylococcal
enterotoxin B, ricin
VIRAL AGENTS
Onset of signs and symptoms 7 – 10 days
Quarantine Supportive therapy No approved antiviral medication
TOXINS Botulism
Neurotoxin Ricin
Blocks protein synthesis
Onset 8-24 hours Staphylococcal
enterotoxins Sudden onset of high
fever, headache, & chills in aerosol exposures
POLICY PE 1-13: DISASTERS
POLICY: All Union Hospital employees are to be familiar with theirresponsibilities and duties in the event of fire, internal disaster or externaldisaster. Participation in fire and disaster drills is required.
PURPOSE: To ensure the efficient operation of services during a disaster; to ensurethat all employees are familiar with, and able to perform their assignedtasks during a disaster, to ensure that all employees are familiar with theuse of fire-fighting equipment and to ensure that the fire plan andinternal and external disaster plans are current and effective.
6. In the event of a real disaster, the Emergency Preparedness Teamwill initiate and direct action, evaluate the action and file a writtenreport with the Safety and Security Department describing servicesprovided in the disaster.7. The Emergency Preparedness Team is responsible for reviewingand revising disaster plans as needed.8. Department Directors are responsible for ensuring, anddocumenting, that all of their employees receive annual training onfire and disaster plans.NOTE: Reference department specific policies and procedures concerning Fire,Internal Disaster and External Disasters.
PROCEDURE: 1. The organization maintains a Emergency Preparedness Team,composed of the Vice President of Human Resources, the Directorof Safety, the Security Coordinator, Nursing Service Supervisors,Nursing representatives and Director of Public Relations.2. The Emergency Preparedness Team is responsible for the fire anddisaster plans and operation.3. The Emergency Preparedness Team conducts rehearsals of realisticdrills, involving all services, on the following time table:a. Disaster Plan - semi-annuallyb. Fire Drills - quarterly for each shift, with varied conditions4. Patients are not evacuated during disaster drills.5. The Emergency Preparedness Team will evaluate each drill and filea written report of each drill with the Safety and SecurityDepartment.