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Division of Himalayas Geographically Himalaya can be divided into 1.Trans Himalaya 2.Greater Himalaya 3.Middle Himalaya 4.Shiwalik Range 5.purvanchal भौगोलिक प से लिमािय को लिभालित लकया िा सकता िै 1. ट् ास लिमािय 2. ेटर लिमािय 3. म लिमािय 4. लििालिक र ि 5. पूिाचि

Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

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Page 1: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

Division of Himalayas

Geographically Himalaya

can be divided into

1.Trans Himalaya

2.Greater Himalaya

3.Middle Himalaya

4.Shiwalik Range

5.purvanchal

भौगोलिकरूप से लिमािय को

लिभालित लकया िा सकता िै

1. ट्ाांस लिमािय2. गे्रटर लिमािय3. मध्य लिमािय

4. लििालिक रेंि

5. पूिाांचि

Page 2: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of
Page 3: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

Trans Himalaya

Trans Himalaya is the northernmost

part of Himalaya, some part of it lies

in Tibet so also known as Tibetan

Himalaya.

ट्ाांस लिमािय लिमािय का सबसे उत्तरी भाग िै,

इसका कुछ भाग लतब्बत में स्थित िै इसलिए इसे

लतब्बती लिमािय के नाम से भी िाना िाता िै।

Karakoram, Ladakh, Zaskar and

Kailas are main ranges of trans

Himalaya.

काराकोरम, िद्दाख, ज़स्करऔर कैिास लिमािय की

मुख्य शे्रलियााँ िैं।

Trans Himalaya is the part of

Eurassian plate.

ट्ाांस लिमािय यूरेलियन पे्लट का लिस्सा िै।

Page 4: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

Karakoram

It start from Pamir knot and

extended up to river Gilgit with an

average length of 600 km

K2 is the highest peak of

karakoram.

Original name of k2 is Godwin

Austin.

k2 is the highest peak of India but

it lies in PoK . The ancient name of

karakoram is kishangiri.

Karakoram is abode of highest

number of Indian glacier like

Siachin, Baltora, Biafo , Hisper.

Page 5: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

Ladakh –:

it is the western extension of

Kailsh Range

Mount Rakaposhi is the highest

peak of Ladakh.

Kailsh -:

famous for abode of Lord Shiva

Page 6: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

Greater Himalaya

It lies south of Trans Himalaya, start from

Nanga Parbat and extended upto Namcha

Barwa with an average height of 6100 mtr,

average width of 25 km and average length of

2500 km.

It is also known as Himadri (abode of

God),inner Himalaya and central Himalaya.

यह ट्रांस हहमरलय के दहिण में स्थित है, नांगर पर्वत से शुरू होतर है

और 6100 मीटर की औसत ऊां चरई, 25 हकमी की औसत चौडरई

और 2500 हकमी की औसत लांबरई के सरि नरमचर बरर्र तक

हर्स्तरररत है।

इसे हहमरद्री (भगर्रन कर हनर्रस), आांतररक हहमरलय और मध्य

हहमरलय के रूप में भी जरनर जरतर है।

Greater Himalaya is the highest mountain

range of the word.

गे्रटर हहमरलय शब्द की सबसे ऊां ची पर्वत श्रांखलर है।

Page 7: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

Being highest, it include various

important mountain peak of the world

like – Mount Everest, Kanchanjunga ,

Nanga Parbat, Namcha Barwa, Cho oyu,

Lhotse, Makalu, Mansalu , akalu,

Annapurna, Nanda Devi, Kamet, Gurla

Mandhata, Badrinath etc .

सर्ोच्च होने के नरते, इसमें दुहनयर की हर्हभन्न महत्वपूणव

पर्वत चोटी जैसे मरउांट एर्रेस्ट, कां चनजांगर, नांगर परबत,

नमचर बरर्र, चो ओयू, लोटसे, मकरलू, मांसलू, अकरलू,

अन्नपूणरव, नांदर देर्ी, करमेत, गुरलर मरांधरतर, बद्रीनरि आहद

शरहमल हैं।

There are number of pass located on

this range like – Zozi-la, Burzil-la, Bara-

lacha-la, Niti-la, Jelap-la, Bum-la, Bomdi-

la, Shipki-la etc.

इस रेंज पर जोइलर, बुहजवलर, बरलरचलर, हनहतलर, जेलरपलर,

बुमलर, बोमहिलर, हशपहकलर आहद कई मरगव स्थित हैं

Page 8: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

Middle Himalaya

It lies south of greater Himalaya, start from

Jammu and Kashmir and extended up to

Arunachal Pradesh with an average height of

1300 to 5100 m, average length of 2500 km and

average width of 80 km.

यह अहधक से अहधक हहमरलय के दहिण में स्थित है, जमू्म और कश्मीर

से शुरू होतर है और अरुणरचल प्रदेश तक 1300 से 5100 मीटर की

औसत ऊां चरई, 2500 हकमी की औसत लांबरई और 80 हकमी की औसत

चौडरई के सरि हर्स्तरररत होतर है।It is also known as lower, Lesser Himalaya and

Himachal.

इसे हनम्न, कम हहमरलय और हहमरचल के रूप में भी जरनर जरतर है। Pir Panjal, Nag Tibba, Dhaola Dhar, Mussoorie

Range and Mahabharat Range are the

important ranges which comes under middle

Himalaya.

पीर पांजरल, नरग हटब्बर, ढोलर धरर, मसूरी रेंज और महरभररत रेंज

महत्वपूणव शे्हणयरां हैं जो मध्य हहमरलय के अांतगवत आती हैं।

Page 9: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

Neraly all major Himalayan hill station

are part of middle Himalaya like Kullu

Manali, Shimla, Ranikhet ,Mussoorie,

Almora Darjeeling etc.

लगभग सभी प्रमुख हहमरलयन हहल से्टशन मध्य हहमरलय

कर हहस्सर हैं जैसे कुलू्ल मनरली, हशमलर, ररनीखेत, मसूरी,

अल्मोडर दरहजवहलांग आहद। Pasture land situated on the south of

middle Himalaya are known with

different name like Merg in Kashmir –

Gulmerg, Sonmerg and Tanmerg while

Bugyal and Payar in Himachal and UK.

मध्य हहमरलय के दहिण में स्थित चररगरह भूहम को कश्मीर

गुलमगव, सोनमगव और तांमगव में अलग नरम से जरनर जरतर है,

जबहक हहमरचल और हिटेन में बुग्यरल और पयरर।

Page 10: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

Between Zaskar and Pir Panjal there

lies valley of Kashmir, in Himachal

Pradesh Kangra valley and Kulu Valley

in the upper course of Ravi.

जस्करऔर पीर पांजरल के बीच, कश्मीर की घरटी,

हहमरचल प्रदेश करांगडर घरटी और ररर्ी के ऊपरी हहसे्स में

कुलू्ल घरटी में स्थित है।

Page 11: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

Shiwalik

It lies south of middle Himalaya start from

Potwar and extended upto Brahmaputara

Vally. With an average length of 2400 km,

average width of 40 km and average height

of 1200 m.

यह मध्य हहमरलय के दहिण में स्थित है और इसकी शुरुआत

पोतरर्र से होती है और िह्मपुत्र रै्ली तक हर्स्तरररत है। 2400 हकमी

की औसत लांबरई के सरि, 40 हकमी की औसत चौडरई और 1200

मीटर की औसत ऊां चरई के सरि।

Shiwalik is the southernmost and youngest

part of Himalaya, which means it formed

last ,all of them.

हशर्रहलक हहमरलय कर सबसे दहिणी और सबसे छोटर हहस्सर

है, हजसकर अिव है हक यह अांहतम, उन सभी कर गठन।

Page 12: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

Shiwalik is known with various local

name like in

1) Jammu Kashmir – Jammu Hill

2) UK/HP -Dhang Range and

Dundwa Range

3) Nepal- Churi-Muria

4) AP- Abor, Dafla, Miri, Mishmi

हशर्रहलक को हर्हभन्न थिरनीय नरमोां से जरनर जरतर है जैसे हक

1. जमू्म कश्मीर जमू्म पहरडी

2. यूके / एचपी धनांग रेंज और िांिर्र रेंज

3. नेपरल चुरी मुररयर

4. एपी- अबोर, दफलर, हमरी, हमशमी

It formed after Himalaya so they

obstructed the course of river draining

from higher reach and formed

temporary lake. After some time river

had cut their course through shiwalik

and leaving behind the plain, which are

known as doon or duns in west and

duars in east.

Page 13: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

हहमरलय के बरद इसकर गठन हुआ, इसहलए उन्ोांने उच्च पहुांच से

नदी के बहरर् के मरगव को बरहधत हकयर और अथिरयी झील कर

हनमरवण हकयर। कुछ समय के बरद नदी ने हशर्रहलक के मरध्यम से

और मैदरन को पीछे छोडते हुए अपने परठ्यक्रम में कटौती की िी,

हजसे पहिम में दून यर दून और पूर्व में िुआर के रूप में जरनर जरतर

है।

the southern slop of shiwalik in Panjab and

H.P are totally devoid of forest and highly

dissected by seasonal stream locally called

as Chos

पांजरब और हह.प्र। में हशर्रहलक कर दहिणी ढलरन पूरी तरह से

जांगल से रहहत है और थिरनीय रूप से मौसमी धररर से घुल जरतर है

हजसे चोस कहते हैं

Page 14: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

Purvanchall

After crossing Dhiang George Himalaya

take a hairpin southern bend, from here

Himalaya is known as purvanchal.

हढयरांग जॉजव हहमरलय को परर करने के बरद, एक हेयरहपन

दहिणी मोड पर ले जरतर है, यहराँ से हहमरलय को पूर्रांचल के

रूप में जरनर जरतर है।

In Myanmar it is also known as Arakan

Yoma.

म्रांमरर में इसे अररकरन योमर के नरम से भी जरनर जरतर है।

Purvanchal is basically a series of low

hill along the Myanmar border.

पूर्रांचल मूल रूप से म्रांमरर सीमर के सरि कम पहरडी की

एक श्रांखलर है।

Page 15: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

Patkai Hill, Naga Hill, Manipur Hill, Mizo Hill,

Tripura hill are some importamt hills of

purvanchal.

पटकरई हहल, नरगर हहल, महणपुर हहल, हमजो हहल, हत्रपुरर पहरडी

पूर्रांचल की कुछ आयरतम पहरडी हैं।

Saramati is the highest peak of purvanchal

located on Naga hill.

सरमरती, नरगर पहरडी पर स्थित पूर्रांचल की सबसे ऊां ची चोटी है

It forms the boundary line between India

and Myanmar

यह भररतऔरम्रांमरर के बीच सीमर रेखर बनरती है

Garo, Khasi, Jyantiya are not a part of

purvanchal.

गररो, खरसी, जयांती पूर्रांचल कर हहस्सर नही ां हैं

Page 16: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

Regional division of Himalaya

Page 17: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

North Indian Plain

It is almost universally accepted

that NIP are formed as a result of

natural filling of a deep depression

between Penisular india and

Himalaya by the depositional work

of river coming from Himalaya

On the basis of gomorphological

feature north indian plain can be

divided into four part.

1.Bhabar

2.Tarai

3.Khadar

4. Bangar

Page 18: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

BANGAR

It lies south of shiwalik, start

from jammu Kashmir (16 km) and

extended upto Arunachal Pradesh.

(8 km)

Its is made up of stone boulder.

Particle size of This plain is large

so porosity is also high and river

disappear in this zone.

Ex : - Saraswati River of Haryana

Page 19: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

BHANGAR

Bhangar is composed of old

alluvium lies outside the flood

plain of river.

Generally they are fertile but

required regular amount of

fertilizer.

Page 20: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

TARAI

It lies south of Bhabar start from

Jammu Kashmir and extended up to

Arunachal Pradesh with an average

width of 15 – 30 km.

Particle size of this region is small

so porosity is also low.

River reappear on the surface

example Saraswati river of Haryana.

Tarai plain are marshy tract with

high biodiversity

Most of the tarai land specially in

Punjab U.P and Uttarakhand has

been reclaimed and turned into

agricultural land.

Page 21: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

KHADAR

Khadar is composed of new Alluvium

along the flood plain of the river.

They are highly fertile.

These deposits are generally present

along the bank of river.

Page 22: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

Reh or Kallar

Comprises barren saline efflorescence of drier areas in

Uttar Pradesh and Haryana. Reh areas have spread in

recent time with increase in irrigation.

Bhur Denotes an elevated piece of land situated along the

banks of the ganga river especially in the upper Ganga –

Yamuna Doab. This has been formed due to accumulation

of wind – blown sands during the hot dry months of the

year.

Page 23: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of
Page 24: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

REGIONAL DIVISON OF THE GREAT

PLAIN OF INDIAOn the basis of region north Indian

plain can be divided into four parts.

The Rajasthan Plain.

The Punjab – Haryana Plain.

The Ganga Plain.

The Brahmaputra Plain.

Page 25: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

RAJASTHAN PLAIN

Rajasthan plain are the western most part of North

Indian Plain.

Thar Desert is the west most part of Rajasthan Plain.

In India the mainly cover the part of Rajasthan.

Aravali divide these plain into two parts.

West of aravali there lies arid and semi - arid plains.

East of aravali there lies fertile plain like Jaipur and

Udaipur.

Luni is the only river which flow through this region.

North of Luni there is a large inland drainage basin

which is the source of common salt and many other

salt.

Sambhar, Didwana , Kuchaman , Sargol and Khatu are

some important lake.

Page 26: Division of Himalayas · Karakoram It start from Pamir knot and extended up to river Gilgit with an average length of 600 km K 2 is the highest peak of karakoram. Original name of

Punjab and Haryana Plain

The Punjab Haryana plains extend for about 640 km from northeast to southwest and

cover an area of 1.75 lakh km.

The Punjab Haryana plain is drained by five rivers and the intervening area between the

rivers is known as doab.

The doabs of the five rivers have been united by the depositional process into a

homogenous geomorphological unit.

From east to west these doabs are as follows :

1) Sindh Sagar doab between the Jhelum – Chenab and the Indus.

2) Chaj doab between the Ravi and the Chenab.

3) Rechna doab between the Ravi and the Chenab.

4) Bari doab between the Beas and the Ravi.

5) Bist – Jalandhar doab lying between the Beas and the sultej.

The mass of alluvium brought by five rivers has been broken by river courses, which have

carved for themselves broad flood plains of Khadar flanked by bluffs locally known as

Dhaya.

The northern part of the Punjab Haryana plain adjoining the Siwalik hills has witnessed

intensive erosion leading to gully formation by a network of stream called chhos.