Fo Sci 12 DNA Questions #7 Name ____Key________________________

Use the information from your activity packets as well as your DNA PPT to answer the following: 72) Use a calculator to determine the answers to the following mathematical questions. Express all of your answers

in Scientific Notation:

a) (6.09 X 1023) times (4.35 X 10 -23) ________ 26.5__________NOT ON TEST!_________

b) (22.13 X 10-12 )/ (3.4 X 10 30) ___6.51 X 10 -42_________ NOT ON TEST!_________

c) 1/ (3.67 X 1010) __0.272 X 10-10__or 2.72 X 10-11_________ NOT ON TEST!_____

d) .00234 X .0978 X .3478 X .00456 ___3.63 X 10-7__________ NOT ON TEST!______

73) What is the probability that a person will have 3 different STR alleles with the frequency of .127, .098, and

.789? Show your work:

_____(0.127) X (0.098) X (0.789) = 0.00982 or 9.82 X 10 -3X 100 = 9.82 X 10-1_or 0.98%____

How many people out of a population of 100 would be likely to have the same alleles? __approximately one_

74) The _smaller_______(smaller, larger) the frequency of having an STR allele, the __greater_____ (greater,

less) the value in DNA profiling. Explain why:

___If the frequency of having a particular allele is small, the number of people with the allele will also be ___small. The chances of finding someone with the same allele will be less than if the frequency ____of the allele is greater. This increases the likelihood that the person matching the evidence at the scene ___is the only person who could have contributed the DNA._____________________________

75) What are the 3 possible outcomes of an analysis of a DNA profile? (check your PPT)

___can’t exclude or match______ ____exclusion__________________ __inconclusive_________________

76) C O__combined_____________ D __DNA_______ I __Index____________ S__system_____________

is a DNA database used to compare profiles from evidence to known criminals in the database.

77) T or F) STR frequencies are not dependent on ethnicity of the person submitting the sample.

78) According to Butler et al. ( 2003):

a) The probability of a female Hispanic having a D18S51 allele with a repeat of 13 is __11.1_%

b) The probability of a Caucasian male having a TH01 repeat of (9,9) is (0.114)2 = __1.3__%

c) How many African American individuals in a population of 100 would carry a D5S818 repeat of 10? __(.070)

X 100 = approx 7 people____

d) How many Caucasian individuals in a population of 250 would have a (21,22) repeat of the FGA STR?

__2pq = (.185)(.219) X 2 = 0.081 X 250 = 20 people__________

Use the following chart to answer the questions below:

79) Which chromosome is the D18S51 STR located on? ____18____________

80) What is the four nucleotide repeat for the TPOX STR? ___GAAT__________

81) What is the range of repeat numbers for the D8S1179 STR? __8 - 19_________

82)Write out 6 repeats for the D8 STR ____TCTA TCTG TCTA TCTG ___

83) What is the smallest number of repeats for the VWA STR? __10_______

84) What is the largest number of repeats for the VWA STR? ___24________

Most Humans Have Neanderthal DNA – According to the most

recent research, most humans have at least one to four percent

Neanderthal DNA; a remnant of what may have been concentrated

mating over a short period of time or occasional mating over a longer

period, about 60,000 years ago.

http://www.busybuzzblogging.com/3025/most-humans-have-

neanderthal-dna/

Fo Sci 12 DNA Questions #8 Name __Key_____________________________

Use the information from your activity packets as well as your DNA PPT to answer the following: Interpreting Multiplex Results:

For the following questions refer to the article, “Allele Frequencies for 15 Autosomal STR Loci on U.S.

Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic Populations.” by Butler et al.

85) What is the probability of a Caucasian male having 11 repeats of the CSF1PO STR? __0.301____

86) What is the probability of a Hispanic male having 11 repeats of the CSF1PO STR? __0.293_____

87) What is the probability of a African American male having 11 repeats of the CSF1PO STR?

___0.249__________

88) What is the most common number of repeats for the STR D3S1358 in the African American

population? ____16_________

89) What is the least common number of repeats for the STR D19S433 in the Hispanic population?

____9_________

90) What is the probability that a female Caucasian would have a (15,15) repeat for the VWA STR?

____(0.111)2 = 0.012_____

91) What is the probability that an African American male would have a (11,12) repeat for the TPOX

STR? _2 (.219) (.021) = .0092____

92) What is the probability that a female Hispanic would have a (9,10) repeat for the STR D16S539 and

a (23,24) repeat for the FGA STR? __(.139)(.118)2 (.136)(.150)2 = 0.00134_____________

93) An STR from a comingled sample shows 3 different bands. One of the bands was donated by the

victim and two were donated by the perpetrator. Will the perpetrator have any alleles in common with the victim? _______ No. The victim donated the 1st band, the perp the 2nd and 3rd. Since you can only have 2 alleles,

___the perp could not have one in common with the victim.________________

Paternity Testing: (Know terms in boldface.)

94) If the frequency for an allele is 0.399, what is the Paternity Index for the allele? _.5/.399 =

1.253____

95) If the frequencies for 3 separate alleles are 0.399, 0.25, and 0.11, what is the Combined Paternity

Index for the 3 alleles? __1.253 x 2 x 4.545 = 11.39___

96) If the Combined Paternity Index for an alleged father is 5679.98, what is the Probability of

Paternity? __5679.98/5680.98 = 99.98%___

97) (T or F) If an alleged father is identified as being able to contribute all but one, common allele, he

has a good chance of having a probability of paternity of less than 99%.

98) What are the possible outcomes for the Probability of Paternity? __ If the POP is greater than __

___99%, the alleged father is considered the father of the child. If less, not considered father.____

Fo Sci 12 DNA Questions #9 Name _________key______________________

Use the information from your activity packets as well as your DNA PPT to answer the following: 99) A paternity suit has been filed. The probability of paternity is 99.99% but the alleged father has an identical

twin. How would you, as the judge in the court, explain to the plaintiff and defendant, the problems in this

case? What might be done to resolve this case?

___Identical twins have identical DNA. The POP would be the same for both individuals. __________________

____You might be able to get more information on alibis or relationships between the individuals based ______

______on witness statements. You might not ever be able to solve the problem. ________________________

100) Given the following STR’s, and using the Butler et al. data tables for Hispanics, list the greatest

frequency for each STR. Then, calculate the Combined Paternity Index and the Probability of Paternity.

Loci Highest frequency

PI Lowest frequency

PI

CSF1PO 0.357 1.40 0.004 125

FGA 0.168 2.98 0.004 125

TH01 0.279 1.79 0.014 125

TPOX 0.471 1.06 0.004 125

VWA 0.264 1.89 0.004 125

D3S1358 0.293 1.71 0.007 71.4

D5S818 0.350 1.43 0.004 125

D7S820 0.293 1.71 0.004 125

D8S1179 0.268 1.87 0.004 125

D13S317 0.236 2.12 0.004 125

D16S539 0.261 1.92 0.018 27.8

D18S51 0.189 2.65 0.004 125

D21S11 0.261 1.92 0.004 125

Combined PI: 2285.67 Combined PI:6.59 x 1025

Probability of Paternity: 99.956% Prob of Paternity: 99.9999% YOU WON’T HAVE TO COMPUTE A PROBLEM AS LONG AS THIS ON THE TEST!!

101) How will the Probability of Paternity for someone who has donated alleles that have the highest

frequency compared to the Probability of Paternity for someone who has donated alleles that have the

lowest frequency compare?

_____The POP for someone who has donated alleles with the highest frequency will be less than____________

_____the POP for someone donating the least common alleles. It is more likely in the former ______________

____case to find a random person in the population who has donated the same alleles ____________________

102) Use the Lab Corp information on the next 3 pages to determine the following:

a. What is the first name of the mother in the analysis? ____Leslie______________________

b. How many children are involved in the paternity suit? ______4____________________

c. What is the first name of the alleged father? ______Zach___________________________

d. How was the genetic sample analyzed? ___The sample was amplified using PCR primers___________

___for 13 different STR’s plus the amelogenin gene__________________________________

e. What does the statement, “…he possesses the obligate paternal allele…” mean?

_____Since each parent can only donate one allele or STR repeat to the child, _________________

_____the father possessed and contributed the allele that the mother could not have contributed. _

f. What term does Lab Corp use instead of “STR”? _____”genetic System”_______________________

g. Why was a combined paternity index calculated for each child individually? Didn’t the father contribute

the same allele to each child?

___The father did not contribute the same ‘obligate paternal allele’ to each child. For example, for the

D3S1358/3 STR, the mother contributed her 16 repeat to Blakely and the father contributed his 18 repeat

forming a (16,18) repeat in the child. The next child, Salem, received a 15 repeat from both mother and

father. The frequency of the 15 (.262) repeat is not the same as the frequency for the 16 (.253) repeat.

Therefore, the PI for each allele donated by the father would be different for the two children. That would

affect the COP and the resulting POP for each child in relation to the father._____

h. If it is determined that the probability of paternity is 99%, what is the probability that a random male in

the population could have contributed the alleles? _____1%________NOT ON TEST___

i. If the probability of paternity is 99%, what percent of the population is excluded from being the father?

_______99%_____NOT ON TEST________

Fo Sci 12 DNA Questions #10 Name _______key________________________

Use the information from your activity packets as well as your DNA PPT to answer the following. Understanding the profile probability:

103) What is a profile probability? ____ The probability of any random person in the population having the exact set of

STR repeats based on the frequency of those repeats in a population ________________________________

104) Which of the following samples would you determine a probability profile for? a. a witness that does not match the blood at a scene c. a suspect that matches evidence at the scene b. a sample of blood found at the scene d. a sample of saliva found on a glass at the scene

105) You are the prosecutor in a rape trial. The forensic lab has sent you the profile probability for the suspect that is on trial. It is 2.3 X 10-3 . How would you present this to the jury in a way they are more likely to understand? Include any additional calculations you might make and write a statement for the jury using that calculation. _______I would calculate a ratio of the probability to one by dividing the profile into one (1/(2.3 x 10 -3 ))= -4.35 X 102.

The ratio to one would be 1:435. That means that there is only a one in 435 chance that another, randomly chosen

person would be likely to have the same DNA profile.______________________________________________

106) You are the defense attorney in the same trial. How would you represent the information that the prosecutor has

presented in a way that would help your client? Write a statement so that they will understand why the evidence that

the prosecutor has introduced is not the best to use to convict your client.

_______It is very likely that one in 435 people could have this same print—the data should be more like one in 6.8 billion

people! This is not good evidence!!!____________________________________________________________________

107) Calculate the probability profile for the following Hispanic male: CSF1PO (7,10), FGA (18,20), TH01 (9,10), TPOX

(7,7), VWA (14,15), D3S1358 (15,15), D5S818 (8,9), D7S820 (9,13), D8S1179 (9,9), D13S317 (11,11),D16S539 (11,12),

D18S51 (10,12), and D21S11 (27,29). Show your calculations: ___1.462 X 10 -30__________________________

CSF1PO 2(.021)(.232) X FGA 2(.018)(.089) X TH01 2(.150)(.014) X TPOX (.007)2 X VWA 2(.086)(.168) X D3S1358

(.293)2 X D5S818 2(.011)(.043) X D7S820 2(.111)(.036) X D8S1179 (.011)2 X D13S317 (.236)2 X D16S539

2(.261)(.254) X D18S51 2(.004)(.118) X D21S11 2(.036)(.200)=

YOU WON’T HAVE TO COMPUTE A PROBLEM AS LONG AS THIS ON THE TEST!

108) Express the above frequency by a meaningful ratio. Show your work: __answer: 1: 6.85 x 1029_____________

to convert a profile probability p into a ratio relating to 1, calculate 1: p

1 where p= 1.462 X 10 -30

1/1.46 x10 -30 = 6.85 x 1029 or 1 in .5 chance that another random person would have the same DNA profile. Not likely!

YOU ARE DONE!!!!