Do Now 12/9/09

Answer the following questions in complete sentences:

1. Draw a cross-section of stream load and label its parts.

2. Draw a diagram of a wave and label its parts.

3. Draw a diagram of a water molecule and label its parts.

Do Now 12/8/09

Answer the following questions in complete sentences:

1. What are the three categories that an ocean organism can be placed in? How are they categorized?

2. Why is water a Universal Solvent? 3. Describe the difference between point and non-

point source pollution. 4. What are the three types of wetlands?

Do Now 12/7/09• Answer the questions in complete sentences

from the overhead slide (Section 1 “Section Focus Transparency): – 1. Describe what you see in the picture. How is it

different from the way you imagined the seafloor to be? How is it similar?

– 2. What resources come from the ocean?

Chp.8 KWL Chart

• In your notes create a KWL chart for chp.8• Topics:

– What does the ocean floor look like?– How and what do we use from the ocean?– What are the different types of marine

habitats.– Ocean pollution.

Chp.8-1

The Seafloor

How and why did we explore the oceans?

• Since ancient times people have explored the ocean in search of food and transportation (travel and trade routes).

• Only until recently have we been able to explore the depths of the ocean. Using sonar, a sound wave, we time how long it takes the wave to return and use the time to calculate the distance to the ocean floor.

What does the ocean floor look like?

• You need to know the following structures of the ocean floor; use you textbook pgs 228-231.– Continental shelf– Continental slope– Abyssal plain– Seamount – Volcanic island– Trench– Mid-ocean ridge

What happens when ocean plates move?

• Converging plates are when two ocean plates come together. The result is a trench.

• Diverging plates are when two ocean plates pull apart. The result is a mid-ocean ridge.

Converging Plates

Diverging Plates

What are the zones of the ocean?

• The ocean is broken into three zones– Intertidal zone is from the highest high tide

line to the lowest low tide line (spring tides).– Neritic zone is from the lowest low tide line

out to the edge of the continental shelf.– Open-ocean zone is from one continental

shelf to the next continental shelf.

Ocean Zone Pictures

What is the intertidal zone?

• It is the smallest of the three zones.– Organisms that live here must endure many

changes in their environment including the pounding of waves, temperature, and salinity.

– Intertidal zone →

What is the neritic zone?

• This zone contains the most marine organisms. They obtain lots of sunlight and nutrients from land to support the organisms.

What is the open-ocean zone?

• This is the largest zone and is sub-divided into three catergories– Surface zone—where sunlight penetrates to,

contains the most amount of organisms (down to 600ft).

– Transition zone—(twilight zone) very little light and fewer organisms (600-3000ft)

– Deep zone—(dark zone) no light and organisms use bioluminescence.

Picture of Open Ocean Zone

How do we classify marine organisms?

• Marine organisms are classified based on how they move and where they live.– Plankton—are free floating organisms that

use waves and currents to move through the ocean.

– Nekton—are free-swimming animals that move throughout the water column.

– Benthos—are organisms that live on the ocean floor.

What are estuaries and why are they important?

• Estuaries are inlets and bays where freshwater mixes with salt water (brackish waters).

• Estuaries are important because they supplies us with many marine organisms used as food sources.

What resources do we obtain from the oceans?

• Humans use two major types of resources from the ocean:– Living resources—this includes food, cosmetics,

detergents, paints, etc. Living things are used to produce all of the items for human use.

– Non-living resources—this includes fossil fuels (oils for fuel), minerals (salt and etc), and water.

We need to preserve our oceans so we can take advantage of all of these resources we use on a daily basis.

Homework 12/8/09

• Answer the following questions in paragraph form:– Use your textbook and/or the internet to

answer the questions.– Which ocean basins are getting larger? Which

are getting smaller?– What would cause this change?