DO NOW – Bacteria Review

• Is ALL bacteria bad?– Why or why not? Site three reasons to

support your answer.

Phylum Name

Sketch Shape Example species

DO NOW – ORGANIZER: Bacteria ShapesUse page 219 to help you complete the organizer below.

The FUNGUS Kingdompgs 236-241

What is a fungus?1.Eukaryotes

2.Use spores to reproduce

3.Heterotrophs

Where Do Fungus Grow?

• Damp, warm areas like dewy lawns, bathroom tiles, moist foods, damp tree barks, etc…

The Fungus Cell Structure

• Yeasts are unicellular

• However, all other fungus have structures called HYPHAE.

What are HYPHAE?

• Hyphae: branching, thread-like tubes that make up the body of multi-cellular fungi

• Contain many nuclei; substances move quickly through the hyphae

How the hyphae are arranged determine what the fungus will look like loosely tangled or tightly packed

Parts of a

Fungus

Fungus use Hyphae to Obtain Food

• Fungus grows hyphae into its food source • Digestive chemicals ooze from the hyphae and

break down the food into small substances

Fungi Reproduce Asexually and Sexually

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION - 1. Yeasts reproduce

asexually by budding. A small yeast cell grows from a larger parent cell.

2. When the conditions areright, fungi will grow fruiting bodies (reproductive structures) that release spores.

Budding yeast cell

Fungi Asexual Reproduction

• Fungi reproduce by producing light-weight spores. A tiny cell that is able to grow into a new organism.

• Spores are carried through the air or water

• Fungi OVERPRODUCE their spores because only a few will fall where conditions are favorable.

• Spores are produced in fruiting bodies.Puffball and its spores.

Fungus Reproduce Sexually

• When the conditions are not optimal for asexual reproduction, fungi may reproduce sexually. Two hyphae grow and genetic material is exchanged. Sexual

Reproduction in bread mold fungus.

How are Fungus Classified?

• Fungus are classified into groups based on the shapes of their spore-producing structures and their ability to reproduce sexually. They are classified into three groups.

Puffball Mushroom releasing spores.

Classifications of Fungus

Zygote Fungi(Rhizopus)

Sac-like Fungi(Morels)

Club Fungi(Geaster – puffball)

The Role of Fungus in Nature

1. Food2. Decomposers

and Recyclers3. Cure Disease4. Cause Disease5. Live in

Symbiosis with other organisms

Role of Fungi in Nature

1. Help make food products.a. Breadsb. Cheesesc. Beers and

wine

2. Break down the chemicals in dead organisms.

Benefits of Fungi3. In 1928 Alexander Fleming discovered Penicillin, a blue-green mold that kills bacteria. It is used as an antibiotic.

•Fleming discovered penicillin by accident. He was growing samples of bacteria and noticed that

a spot of mold was stopping the bacteria growth.

Harmful Fungi4. Some fungus can

cause damage to crops or cause diseases in humans as well. – Athlete’s foot– Ringworm– Plant Rusts– Corn Smut

Fungus Working with Other Organisms

5. Some fungus grow in the roots of plants and help them grow larger and healthier. The hyphae of the fungus absorb water for the plants and the fungus gets food.

What are Lichen?• Made up of a

fungus and either an algae/bacteria

• Fungus gets food made by the algae

• Algae gets nutrients from the fungus.

• Sensitive to pollution scientists watch lichen to see if the air is clean in an area

All About Fungus!