42
ED 420 276 TITLE INSTITUTION PUB DATE NOTE AVAILABLE FROM PUB TYPE EDRS PRICE DESCRIPTORS IDENTIFIERS ABSTRACT DOCUMENT RESUME HE 031 333 Trends in Degrees Awarded at Maryland Higher Education Institutions: 1987 to 1997. Maryland State Higher Education Commission, Annapolis. 1998-05-00 76p.; For a related document, see HE 031 332. Maryland Higher Education Commission, 16 Francis St., Annapolis, Maryland 21401; also available in alternate formats; phone: 410-974-2971. Numerical/Quantitative Data (110) Reports Descriptive (141) MF01/PC04 Plus Postage. Academic Persistence; Associate Degrees; Bachelors Degrees; *College Graduates; Community Colleges; *Degrees (Academic); Doctoral Degrees; *Educational Attainment; Educational Trends; Higher Education; Masters Degrees; *Public Colleges; *State Universities; Tables (Data); *Trend Analysis *Maryland This report presents 27 graphs and tables detailing trends in degrees awarded at Maryland institutions of higher education from 1987 to 1997. Highlights of trend data for degrees awarded by level note that during 1996-97, Maryland institutions awarded over 42,000 certificates and degrees at all levels, nearly one-third more than 10 years earlier; although the number of associate degrees increased substantially between 1987 and 1995, these awards have declined in the past 2 years; during the past 10 years the number of master's degrees has increased by 86 percent and the number of doctoral degrees by 45 percent. Highlights of trend data for degrees awarded by program note that in the community colleges, the greatest growth has been in the natural sciences and public service technologies; the fastest growing baccalaureate programs have been the biological sciences and psychology, where the numbers have doubled since 1987; at the graduate level, the number of master's degrees in education, biological sciences, business, and health professions have more than doubled in the last decade. Highlights of trend data in degrees awarded by race and gender note that women earned 66 percent of associate, 57 percent of bachelor's, 58 percent of master's, 43 percent of doctorates, and 48 percent of first-professional degrees; the proportion of bachelor's degrees awarded to African American students has increased sharply over the last decade, from 11 percent to 18 percent. (DB) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ********************************************************************************

DOCUMENT RESUME ED 420 276 · 2014. 5. 19. · ED 420 276 TITLE INSTITUTION PUB DATE NOTE AVAILABLE FROM. PUB TYPE. EDRS PRICE DESCRIPTORS. IDENTIFIERS. ABSTRACT. DOCUMENT RESUME

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  • ED 420 276

    TITLE

    INSTITUTIONPUB DATENOTEAVAILABLE FROM

    PUB TYPE

    EDRS PRICEDESCRIPTORS

    IDENTIFIERS

    ABSTRACT

    DOCUMENT RESUME

    HE 031 333

    Trends in Degrees Awarded at Maryland Higher EducationInstitutions: 1987 to 1997.Maryland State Higher Education Commission, Annapolis.1998-05-0076p.; For a related document, see HE 031 332.Maryland Higher Education Commission, 16 Francis St.,Annapolis, Maryland 21401; also available in alternateformats; phone: 410-974-2971.Numerical/Quantitative Data (110) Reports Descriptive(141)

    MF01/PC04 Plus Postage.Academic Persistence; Associate Degrees; Bachelors Degrees;*College Graduates; Community Colleges; *Degrees (Academic);Doctoral Degrees; *Educational Attainment; EducationalTrends; Higher Education; Masters Degrees; *Public Colleges;*State Universities; Tables (Data); *Trend Analysis*Maryland

    This report presents 27 graphs and tables detailing trendsin degrees awarded at Maryland institutions of higher education from 1987 to1997. Highlights of trend data for degrees awarded by level note that during1996-97, Maryland institutions awarded over 42,000 certificates and degreesat all levels, nearly one-third more than 10 years earlier; although thenumber of associate degrees increased substantially between 1987 and 1995,these awards have declined in the past 2 years; during the past 10 years thenumber of master's degrees has increased by 86 percent and the number ofdoctoral degrees by 45 percent. Highlights of trend data for degrees awardedby program note that in the community colleges, the greatest growth has beenin the natural sciences and public service technologies; the fastest growingbaccalaureate programs have been the biological sciences and psychology,where the numbers have doubled since 1987; at the graduate level, the numberof master's degrees in education, biological sciences, business, and healthprofessions have more than doubled in the last decade. Highlights of trenddata in degrees awarded by race and gender note that women earned 66 percentof associate, 57 percent of bachelor's, 58 percent of master's, 43 percent ofdoctorates, and 48 percent of first-professional degrees; the proportion ofbachelor's degrees awarded to African American students has increased sharplyover the last decade, from 11 percent to 18 percent. (DB)

    ********************************************************************************

    Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be madefrom the original document.

    ********************************************************************************

  • Ii 111111

    MARYLAND HIGHER EDUCATION COMMISSION

    TRENDS IN DEGREES AWARDED ATMARYLAND HIGHER EDUCATION

    INSTITUTIONS1987 to 1997

    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONOffice of Educational Research and Improvement

    ilED CATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATIONCENTER (ERIC)

    This document has been reproduced asreceived from the person or organizationoriginating it.Minor changes have been made toimprove reproduction quality.

    Points of view or opinions stated in thisdocument do not necessarily representofficial OERI position or policy.

    May 1998

    PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE ANDDISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS

    BEEN GRANTED BY

    Maryland State Higher

    Education Commission

    1

    TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCESINFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)

    MARYLAND HIGHER EDUCATION COMMISSION

    16 Francis Street, Annapolis, Maryland 21401

    2

  • MARYLAND HIGHER EDUCATIONCOMMISSION

    Edward 0. Clarke, Jr., Chairman

    The Honorable J. Glenn Beall, Jr.

    Dorothy Dixon. Chaney

    Donna H. Cunninghame

    Anne Osborn Emery

    John L. Green

    Terry L. Lierman

    R. Kathleen Perini

    Charles B. Saunders, Jr.

    Richard P. Streett, Jr.

    Sergio A. Vitale

    Albert Nathaniel Whiting

    Patricia S. Florestano, Ph.D.Secretary of Higher Education

    This publication is available in alternate formats.Please call (410) 974-2971 or (800) 7350-2258 (TTY/Voice).

    3

  • TRENDS IN DEGREES AWARDEDAT MARYLAND HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

    1987 - 1997

    This report summarizes the major trends in awards at Maryland higher education institutions

    from 1987 to 1997. It examines patterns in degrees awarded by level, program, and race and

    gender.

    Trends In Degrees Awarded By Level

    During the 1996-1997 academic year, Maryland colleges and universities awarded over 42,000certificates and degrees at all levels, nearly one-third more than the number earned 10 years ago

    (32,285).

    Lower division certificates, which are typically awarded by community colleges for the

    equivalent of one year of full-time study, exhibited erratic growth during the 1987 to 1997period. However, there were 25 percent more certificates awarded in 1997 (1,842) than in 1987

    (1,471).

    Although the numbbr of associate degrees increased from 7,130 to 8,632 between 1987 and

    1995, these awards have declined to 8,068 in the past two years. There were drops in both the

    number of associate degrees awarded in career programs and in transfer programs.

    After steadily increasing between 1987 and 1994, the number of bachelor's degrees awarded has

    remained relatively stable during the past few years. The number of bachelor's degrees awarded

    rose 21 percent between 1987 and 1997.

    The number of master's degrees awarded has increased by 86 percent during the past 10 years

    from 5,337 in 1987 to an historic high of 9,909 in 1997. Similarly, the number of doctoraldegrees has increased by 45 percent from 682 in 1987 to an historic high of 988 in 1997.

    The number of first professional degrees awarded has been relatively stable, increasing only 4

    percent from 875 in 1987 to 914 in 1997.

    Trends in Degrees Awarded by Program

    At the community colleges, the fields which have exhibited the greatest growth in certificates

    have been the natural science and public service technologies, while the number of certificates in

    data processing has fallen sharply. Transfer programs in computer science and arts and sciences

    have experienced the largest increase in associate degrees, while three career programs (data

    processing, mechanical and engineering tech, and business and commerce tech) and the transfer

    program in engineering have suffered the greatest decline. Forty percent of all associate degrees

    earned in career programs in 1997 were in the health services technologies, while 59 percent of

    those in transfer programs were awarded in general studies.

    41

  • Among the fastest growing baccalaureate programs have been the biological sciences andpsychology, where the number of degrees have doubled since 1987. In contrast, fewerbachelor's degrees were awarded in both computer science and engineering in 1997 than 10years earlier. In 1997, Maryland institutions awarded 759 baccalaureates in computer science,down from 825 in 1987. The number of bachelor's degrees earned in engineering in 1997 was959, compared to 1,119 in 1987.

    Although the number of baccalaureates in business has declined over the past 10 years, itcontinues to be the most popular major accounting for 14 percent of all bachelor's degreesawarded. Other popular majors among bachelor's degree recipients include social sciences,education, psychology, the health professions, and the biological sciences.

    At the graduate level, the number of master's degrees in education, the biological sciences,business, and the health professions more than doubled during the past 10 years. Business andeducation represented nearly half (47 percent) of the master's degrees awarded in Maryland in1997. The number of doctorates awarded in computer science, engineering, mathematics, andthe arts also more than doubled during the past 10 years, while doctoral degrees earned in thehealth professions and the humanities nearly doubled during this period. The largest number ofdoctorates awarded in the State in 1997 were in the biological sciences, engineering, and thehealth professions. First professional degrees in law and medicine rose modestly by 6 percent,while those in dentistry fell by 7 percent since 1987.

    Trends in Degrees Awarded by Race and Gender

    Women earned 57 percent of the bachelor's degrees awarded in 1997. Women also constitute themajority of recipients of lower division certificates (53 percent), associate degrees (66 percent),and master's degrees (58 percent). In 1997, women received 43 percent of doctorates (up from39 percent in 1987) and 48 percent of first professional degrees (up from 41 percent in 1987).

    The proportion of bachelor's degrees awarded to African-American students has increasedsharply over the last decade. African-American students earned 18 percent of all bachelor'sdegrees in 1987 (up from 11 percent in 1987). In 1997, African-Americans received 17 percentof the associate degrees (up from 14 percent in 1987), 13 percent of master's degrees (up from 7percent in 1987), 6 percent of doctoral degrees (up from 4 percent in 1987) and 14 percent offirst professional degrees (up from 11 percent in 1987).

    The number of degrees awarded to both African-American men and African-American womenhas increased significantly during the 1987 to 1997 period. The number of bachelor's degreesawarded to African American women nearly doubled (from 1,235 to 2,438) while the numberawarded to African-American men grew by 82 percent (from 647 to 1,177).

    The biggest gains for African-Americans have occurred in the area of master's degrees. Thenumber of master's degrees awarded to African-Americans tripled between 1987 and 1997.These large increases were achieved by both African-American men and African-Americanwomen.

    2

  • Among the largest number of the baccalaureates awarded to women in 1997 were in the fields ofbusiness, education, social sciences, and the health professions. Among the greatest number ofbachelor's degrees earned by African-Americans in 1997 were in the programs of business,social sciences, psychology, public affairs, and the health professions.

    6

    3

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    RE

    ES

    27

    28

  • 1200

    0

    1050

    0

    9000

    7500

    6000

    4500

    3000

    1500 0

    29

    Mas

    ter's

    Deg

    rees

    Aw

    arde

    d19

    87 to

    199

    7

    1987

    1988

    1989

    1990

    1991

    1992

    1993

    1994

    1995

    1996

    1997

    30

  • Mas

    ters

    Deg

    rees

    Aw

    arde

    d by

    Maj

    or P

    rogr

    am

    1987-97

    1987

    1988

    1989

    1990

    1991

    1992

    1993

    1994

    1995

    1996

    1997

    % Change

    Ag. & Nat. Res.

    45

    25

    30

    32

    24

    34

    38

    40

    26

    41

    41

    -9%

    Arch. & Env. Res.

    39

    46

    27

    45

    38

    41

    51

    68

    47

    48

    44

    13%

    Area Studies

    99

    87

    810

    11

    25

    12

    15

    17

    89%

    Bio. Sciences

    97

    87

    72

    80

    76

    84

    118

    109

    150

    178

    219

    126%

    Bus. & Mgmt.

    1,211

    1,219

    1,464

    1,518

    1,586

    1,823

    1,972

    2,029

    2,171

    3,005

    2,510

    107%

    Communications

    34

    36

    41

    43

    66

    63

    85

    71

    76

    71

    65

    91%

    Computer Info. Sci.

    321

    397

    442

    503

    535

    479

    490

    468

    478

    528

    493

    54%

    Education

    882

    870

    938

    1,076

    1,158

    1,282

    1,499

    1,518

    1,793

    1,884

    2,157

    145%

    Engineering

    374

    395

    468

    550

    580

    641

    606

    605

    682

    626

    637

    70%

    Fine & App. Arts

    161

    115

    151

    129

    171

    160

    194

    226

    243

    241

    255

    58%

    Foreign Lang.

    22

    18

    30

    40

    31

    20

    43

    45

    29

    25

    41

    86%

    Hlth.

    Pro

    f.469

    465

    423

    542

    582

    596

    585

    690

    800

    770

    998

    113%

    Home Ec.

    37

    18

    36

    34

    21

    31

    35

    23

    26

    17

    18

    -51%

    Law

    16

    11

    28

    21

    37

    27

    26

    63

    33

    49

    38

    138%

    Letters

    86

    69

    98

    105

    105

    148

    117

    138

    181

    188

    152

    77%

    Library Sci.

    137

    128

    160

    147

    143

    170

    125

    133

    110

    98

    121

    -12%

    Mat

    hem

    atic

    s52

    54

    52

    56

    66

    73

    61

    60

    60

    74

    64

    23%

    Physical Sci.

    86

    99

    95

    116

    113

    119

    119

    108

    100

    144

    161

    87%

    Psychology

    257

    248

    238

    283

    300

    310.

    377

    365

    492

    440

    448

    74%

    Pub. Affairs

    329

    359

    395

    391

    418

    465

    493

    454

    489

    379

    469

    43%

    Social Sci.

    426

    436

    498

    509

    609

    575

    610

    599

    631

    696

    639

    50%

    Theology

    77

    103

    88

    103

    89

    93

    93

    93

    72

    62

    92

    19%

    Interdiscipl.

    170

    187

    167

    202

    202

    252

    230

    252

    290

    226

    230

    35%

    Tot

    al5,

    337

    5,39

    45,

    949

    6,53

    26,

    958

    7,49

    67,

    982

    8,18

    28,

    991

    9,80

    59,

    909

    86%

    * Includes unknownareas in 1993, 1996 and 1997.

    Sou

    rces

    : MH

    EC

    Deg

    ree

    Info

    rmat

    ion

    Sys

    tem

  • TR

    EN

    DS

    IN D

    OC

    TO

    RA

    L D

    EG

    RE

    ES

    3334

  • 1200

    1000 800

    600

    400

    200 0

    Doc

    tora

    l Deg

    rees

    Aw

    arde

    d19

    87 to

    199

    7

    1987

    1988

    1989

    1990

    1991

    1992

    1993

    1994

    1995

    1996

    1997

    3635

  • 3

    Doc

    tora

    tes

    Aw

    arde

    d by

    Maj

    or P

    rogr

    am

    1987

    -199

    719

    8719

    8819

    8919

    9019

    9119

    9219

    9319

    9419

    9519

    9619

    97%

    Cha

    nge

    Ag.

    & N

    at. R

    es.

    1213

    1814

    159

    1315

    1519

    120%

    Are

    a S

    tudi

    es3

    41

    48

    613

    112

    85

    67%

    Bio

    . Sci

    ence

    s10

    086

    9112

    312

    512

    513

    413

    813

    213

    114

    848

    %B

    us. &

    Mgm

    t.8

    88

    98

    1019

    1618

    1213

    63%

    Com

    mun

    icat

    ions

    55

    18

    106

    97

    49

    50%

    Com

    pute

    r In

    fo. S

    ci.

    911

    1330

    1827

    3428

    2924

    3124

    4%E

    duca

    tion

    132

    134

    124

    133

    133

    145

    134

    136

    110

    8610

    7-1

    9%E

    ngin

    eerin

    g55

    6083

    8497

    9013

    813

    715

    215

    014

    316

    0%F

    ine

    & A

    pp. A

    rts

    1521

    1619

    3033

    2939

    2246

    3815

    3%

    For

    eign

    Lan

    g.9

    610

    144

    1113

    812

    1017

    89%

    Hlth

    . Pro

    f.64

    9581

    8682

    104

    9986

    100

    116

    126

    97%

    Hom

    e E

    con.

    44

    68

    99

    79

    52

    1-7

    5%Le

    tters

    1719

    1721

    2329

    2527

    3024

    3394

    %Li

    brar

    y S

    ci.

    00

    31

    40

    22

    30

    1n/

    aM

    athe

    mat

    ics

    1221

    2023

    3742

    2430

    2230

    3115

    8%P

    hysi

    cal S

    ci.

    7873

    6183

    8911

    586

    8588

    109

    107

    37%

    Psy

    chol

    ogy

    3122

    3629

    4131

    3636

    3234

    5577

    %P

    ub. A

    ffairs

    1211

    125

    1011

    1515

    78

    6-5

    0%S

    ocia

    l Sci

    .87

    8575

    106

    7811

    511

    010

    285

    9710

    116

    %

    The

    olog

    y27

    2223

    1613

    104

    22

    45

    -81%

    Inte

    rdis

    cipl

    .2

    54

    04

    05

    57

    33

    50%

    Tot

    al68

    270

    570

    381

    683

    892

    894

    993

    487

    792

    298

    845

    %

    Sou

    rce:

    MH

    EC

    Deg

    ree

    Info

    rmat

    ion

    Sys

    tem

    38

  • TR

    EN

    DS

    IN F

    IRST

    PR

    OFE

    SSIO

    NA

    L D

    EG

    RE

    ES

    39

  • 1000 750

    500

    250 0

    Firs

    t Pro

    fess

    iona

    l Deg

    rees

    Aw

    arde

    d19

    87 to

    199

    7

    1987

    1988

    1989

    1990

    1991

    1992

    1993

    1994

    1995

    1996

    1997 42

  • Firs

    t Pro

    fess

    iona

    l Deg

    rees

    Aw

    arde

    d by

    Pro

    gram

    1987

    -199

    719

    8719

    8819

    8919

    9019

    9119

    9219

    9319

    9419

    9519

    9619

    97%

    Cha

    nge

    Den

    tistr

    y98

    103

    114

    8395

    8499

    8391

    6191

    -7%

    Law

    518

    476

    486

    537

    527

    532

    570

    550

    551

    467

    548

    6%

    Med

    icin

    e25

    925

    427

    324

    326

    625

    627

    723

    326

    723

    727

    56%

    Tot

    al87

    583

    387

    386

    388

    887

    294

    686

    690

    976

    591

    44%

    Sou

    rce:

    MH

    EC

    Deg

    ree

    Info

    rmat

    ion

    Sys

    tem

    44

  • TR

    EN

    DS

    IN D

    EG

    RE

    ES

    AW

    AR

    DE

    D T

    O W

    OM

    EN

    45

  • 12,0

    00

    10,0

    00

    8,00

    0

    6,00

    0

    4,00

    0

    2,00

    0 0

    Num

    ber

    Of

    Deg

    rees

    Aw

    arde

    d T

    o W

    omen

    At A

    ll L

    evel

    sSe

    lect

    ed Y

    ears

    198

    7 an

    d 19

    97

    ti Co T-

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    ocia

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    4`7

    Bac

    helo

    r's

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    N- O N- L6

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    Mas

    ter's

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    en -

    1987

    miW

    omen

    -19

    97

    Doc

    tora

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    irst

    Pro

    fess

    iona

    l

    48

  • 49

    Bac

    helo

    r's, M

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    r's a

    nd D

    octo

    ral D

    egre

    es A

    war

    ded

    To

    Wom

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    y M

    ajor

    Pro

    gram

    Maj

    or P

    rogr

    amB

    ache

    lor's

    Mas

    ter's

    Doc

    tora

    te19

    8719

    9719

    8719

    9719

    8719

    97, B

    us. &

    Mgm

    t.1,

    746

    1,39

    646

    91,

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    22

    Edu

    catio

    n81

    31,

    287

    708

    1,72

    089

    74C

    ompu

    ter

    Info

    . Sci

    .32

    427

    210

    615

    41

    6E

    ngin

    eerin

    g18

    521

    054

    116

    823

    Mat

    hem

    atic

    s11

    011

    125

    251

    6P

    hysi

    cal S

    ci.

    7210

    616

    6012

    26B

    io. S

    cien

    ces

    345

    740

    5412

    430

    65F

    ine

    & A

    pp. A

    rts

    334

    474

    8717

    34

    22F

    orei

    gn L

    ang

    103

    145

    1727

    512

    Lette

    rs39

    562

    946

    9610

    21A

    rea

    Stu

    dies

    2447

    79

    23

    Com

    mun

    icat

    ions

    549

    540

    2052

    33

    Soc

    ial S

    cien

    ce86

    31,

    231

    181

    334

    3042

    Psy

    chol

    ogy

    493

    1,02

    819

    433

    819

    34La

    w24

    625

    230

    0P

    ub. A

    ffairs

    306

    429

    247

    358

    65

    Hlth

    Pro

    f.92

    31,

    205

    341

    734

    3475

    Hom

    e E

    c.30

    517

    933

    164

    1

    Inte

    rdis

    cipl

    .1,

    259

    1,45

    811

    10

    10

    Libr

    ary

    Sci

    ence

    00

    102

    860

    1

    The

    olog

    y26

    1633

    291

    1

    Arc

    h &

    Env

    Res

    .25

    3217

    190

    0A

    g.&

    Nat

    . Res

    .49

    7618

    224

    4U

    nkno

    wn/

    othe

    r0

    00

    168

    01

    Tot

    al9,

    273

    11,6

    732,

    891

    5,75

    726

    642

    7

    Sou

    rce:

    MH

    EC

    Deg

    ree

    Info

    rmat

    ion

    Sys

    tem

    50

  • Firs

    t Pro

    fess

    iona

    l Deg

    rees

    Aw

    arde

    dT

    o W

    omen

    By

    Pro

    gram

    1987

    1997

    1987

    -199

    7

    % C

    hang

    e

    Den

    tistr

    y30

    3930

    %

    Law

    236

    267

    13%

    Med

    icin

    e89

    135

    52%

    Tot

    al35

    544

    124

    %

    Sou

    rce:

    MH

    EC

    Deg

    ree

    Info

    rmat

    ion

    Sys

    tem

    5152

  • Deg

    rees

    Aw

    arde

    d to

    Wom

    en a

    t Mar

    ylan

    d C

    ampu

    ses

    (By

    Deg

    ree

    Leve

    l)

    1987

    -199

    719

    8719

    8819

    8919

    9019

    9119

    9219

    9319

    9419

    9519

    9619

    97%

    Cha

    nge

    Low

    er D

    ivis

    ion

    Cer

    t#

    Mal

    e64

    672

    070

    170

    962

    092

    781

    279

    281

    51,

    024

    872

    35%

    # F

    emal

    e82

    580

    682

    389

    989

    491

    296

    195

    21,

    045

    1,02

    997

    018

    %%

    Fem

    ale

    56.1

    %52

    .8%

    54.0

    %55

    .9%

    59.0

    %49

    .6%

    54.2

    %54

    .6%

    56.2

    %50

    .1%

    52.7

    %

    Ass

    ocia

    te#

    Mal

    e2,

    619

    2,61

    42,

    628

    2,76

    12,

    821

    3,06

    83,

    145

    3,06

    33,

    026

    3,00

    82,

    735

    4%#

    Fem

    ale

    4,51

    14,

    448

    4,31

    34,

    668

    4,83

    45,

    098

    5,28

    05,

    229

    5,60

    65,

    581

    5,33

    318

    %%

    Fem

    ale

    63.3

    %63

    .0%

    62.1

    %62

    .8%

    63.1

    %62

    .4%

    62.7

    %63

    .1%

    64.9

    %65

    .0%

    66.1

    %

    Bac

    helo

    r's#

    Mal

    e7,

    517

    7,64

    37,

    908

    8,24

    58,

    414

    8,81

    99,

    037

    9,05

    18,

    656

    8,55

    08,

    711

    16%

    # F

    emal

    e9,

    273

    9,69

    110

    ,020

    10,2

    4810

    ,820

    11,5

    0511

    ,390

    11,6

    6911

    ,276

    11,3

    9911

    ,673

    26%

    % F

    emal

    e55

    .2%

    55.9

    %55

    .9%

    55.4

    %56

    .3%

    56.6

    %55

    .8%

    56.3

    %56

    .6%

    57.1

    %57

    .3%

    Mas

    ters

    # M

    ale

    2,44

    62,

    507

    2,82

    03,

    082

    3,20

    63,

    342

    3,55

    83,

    622

    3,84

    04,

    354

    4,15

    270

    %#

    Fem

    ale

    2,89

    12,

    887

    3,12

    93,

    450

    3,75

    44,

    154

    4,42

    44,

    560

    5,15

    15,

    453

    5,75

    799

    %%

    Fem

    ale

    54.2

    %53

    .5%

    52.6

    %52

    .8%

    53.9

    %55

    .4%

    55.4

    %55

    .7%

    57.3

    %55

    .6%

    58.1

    %

    Doc

    tora

    te#

    Mal

    e41

    640

    540

    747

    347

    655

    455

    053

    950

    554

    056

    135

    %#

    Fem

    ale

    266

    300

    296

    343

    362

    374

    399

    395

    372

    382

    427

    61%

    % F

    emal

    e39

    .0%

    42.6

    %42

    .1%

    42.0

    %43

    .2%

    40.3

    %42

    .0%

    42.3

    %42

    .4%

    41.4

    %43

    .2%

    Firs

    t Pro

    fess

    iona

    l # M

    ale

    520

    488

    535

    502

    511

    465

    494

    475

    493

    398

    473

    -9%

    # F

    emal

    e35

    534

    533

    836

    237

    740

    745

    239

    141

    636

    744

    124

    %%

    Fem

    ale

    40.6

    %41

    .4%

    38.7

    %41

    .9%

    42.5

    %46

    .7%

    47.8

    %45

    .2%

    45.8

    %48

    .0%

    48.2

    %

    Sou

    rce:

    MH

    EC

    Deg

    ree

    Info

    rmat

    ion

    Sys

    tem

  • TR

    EN

    DS

    IN D

    EG

    RE

    ES

    AW

    AR

    DE

    D T

    O A

    FRIC

    AN

    -AM

    ER

    ICA

    NS

    5556

  • 400

    300

    200

    100

    Low

    er D

    ivis

    ion

    Cer

    tific

    ates

    Aw

    arde

    d to

    Afr

    ican

    -Am

    eric

    ans

    1987

    to 1

    997

    1987

    1988

    1989

    1990

    1991

    1992

    1993

    1994

    1995

    1996

    1997

    'Afr

    ican

    -Am

    eric

    an W

    omen

    DA

    fric

    an-A

    mer

    ican

    Men

  • Ass

    ocia

    te D

    egre

    es A

    war

    ded

    to A

    fric

    an-A

    mer

    ican

    s19

    87 to

    199

    7

    1500

    1000

    500

    59

    1987

    1988

    1989

    1990

    1991

    1992

    1993

    1994

    1995

    1996

    1997

    Afr

    ican

    -Am

    eric

    an W

    omen

    0 A

    fric

    an-A

    mer

    ican

    Men

    60

  • Bac

    helo

    r's D

    egre

    es A

    war

    ded

    to A

    fric

    an-A

    mer

    ican

    s19

    87 to

    199

    7

    4000

    3000

    2000

    1000

    61

    1987

    1988

    1989

    1990

    1991

    1992

    1993

    1994

    1995

    1996

    1997

    Afr

    ican

    -Am

    eric

    an W

    omen

    DA

    fric

    an-A

    mer

    ican

    Men

    62

  • Mas

    ter's

    Deg

    rees

    Aw

    arde

    d to

    Afr

    ican

    -Am

    eric

    ans

    1987

    to 1

    997

    1500

    1200 900

    600

    300 0

    63

    1987

    1988

    1989

    1990

    1991

    1992

    1993

    1994

    1995

    1996

    1997

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