Dowec Grid Failure and Availability Calculation

Dowec Grid Failure and Availability Calculation

222-JBZ-JP-R0107 Dowec_Reliability.doc

Rev. 0Status: draft

J. BozelieJ.T.G. Pierik

P. BauerM. Pavlovsky

Name: Signature: Date:Written by: J Bozelie,

JTG Pierik1/05/2002

Checked by

Signed by:

Version date No ofpages

0 15/04/02 all Draft16 03/06/02 all Parkvar – HVDC -19 02/09/02 all Remarks PB

Dowec Failure and Availability Calculation

Dowec_Reliability20_jbz.doc rev. 0 Side 2 of 43 05-09-02

CONTENT

1. INTRODUCTION 3

2. VISION OVERVIEW 4

3. ELECTRICAL GRID RELIABILITY BASICS 6

4. ASSUMPTIONS AND RELIABILITY INPUT DATA USED IN THE DOWECCALCULATIONS 9

5. CONFIGURATIONS 14

6. INDIVIDUAL VARIABLE SPEED AND AC CONNECTION TO SHORE 16

7. CONSTANT SPEED AND PARK VARIABLE SPEED COMPARED TOINDIVIDUAL VARIABLE SPEED 22

8. CONCLUSIONS 248.1 Reliability AC options (individual variable speed) 248.2 Efficiency AC options 248.3 Reactive power AC options 248.4 HVDC option 258.5 Park variable option 25

APPENDIX A PARKCONFIGURATIONS 27

APPENDIX B SHORE CABLE CALCULATION EXAMPLE 39

APPENDIX C EXAMPLE FOR 150KV SHORE CABLE ( 3 LINES TO SHORE ) 42



1. INTRODUCTION

An important aspect in the development of offshore wind farms is the design of the electricalsystem in the farm and the connection to shore. To a large extent, this design will determine theoperating conditions (constant or variable speed), the transport losses, the park reliability and theinvestment costs. In the Dutch Offshore Wind Energy Converter (DOWEC) project, the electricalaspects have received special attention in work package 1, task 7: "Grid requirements andoptimization of electric infrastructure". This work package is a joint effort by NEG-Micon, ECNand TU Delft.

The objectives of the DOWEC work package 1 task 7 are:1. to give a description of the external grid requirements to be fulfilled in The Netherlands and

Denmark;2. to make an assessment of the electrical layout inside the wind farm and the grid connection of

the farm. Load flow calculations are performed to determine the voltages and currents at allnodes. The electrical losses and the price of the produced electricity are determined.

3. to estimate the effect of failure of electrical system components on the wind farm availabilityand the total energy produced.

This report deals mainly with the third objective, some figures on investment cost will also begiven. To estimate component failure and park availability, the Vision computer program is used(see chapter 2 and 3 for a short description). The wind farm is modelled as an electrical grid and anumber of electrical architectures and layouts are investigated. Prior to the actual calculations forthe Dowec turbine and wind farm layouts, a preliminary choice of the most promissing electricalarchitectures was to be made, since there exists a large number of electrical architectures suitablefor the connection of large wind farms to shore. The preliminary choice will be based on the resultsof the assessment of objective 2. Chapter 4 and appendix 1 give an overview of the examinedconfigurations.



2. VISION OVERVIEW

Vision is a computer program for the analysis of electrical grids. It can be used for loadflow, shortcircuit and failure calculations and to study protection selectivity. In the current investigation, theemphasis is on failure calculations and system availability. Vision is built around a graphical userinterface, which facilitates building a grid layout from a number of standard Vision components.The next figure gives an overview of the components and their graphical symbols.

1 node 8 auto transformer 15 inductor2 cable 9 consumer load 16 synchronous motor3 choke 10 load behind transformer 17 controlled switch4 transformer 11 induction motor 18 power switch5 three-winding transformer 12 induction motor 19 fuse6 voltage source 13 synchr generator V control 20 separator7 capacitor 14 synchr generator φ control 21 open switch/separator

Vision components (from Vision manual)

Vision calculates the availability of a distribution grid by evaluation the effect of a failure of anindividual component, together with its chance of occurrence, on the operation and the down-timeof the complete distribution grid. A failed component results in the disconnection of thecorresponding grid section. Vision checks if the possibility exists to bypass the fault by switching toalternative routes. The repair or switch-over time corresponding to each failure is taken into accountin the total down-time and production depreciation.

Vision can include refusing switches, common cause faults and maintenance, but these options havenot been included in the current calculations.



Definitions used in failure analysis:Input:Frequency of failure average number of component failures per

yearFailure chance chance of failure of a switch or fuse during a

failureRepair time average time to repair or exchange a

componentMaintenance frequency average number of maintenance jobs per yearMaintenance time average time of maintenance jobMaintenance break-off time average time of stopping maintenance in case

of a catastrophic eventResults:Downtime expectation Fper componentand for the total grid

number of times per year that a component isnot available or that a consumer can not besupplied or a generator can not deliver to thegrid, caused by component failures

Average down time Dper componentand for the total grid

average number of minutes per failure that acomponent is not available or that aconsumer can not be supplied, caused bycomponent failures

Non-availability Pper componentand for the total grid

average number of minutes per year that acomponent is not available or that aconsumer can not be supplied, caused bycomponent failures

Not generated energy NGEfor generators and consumer loads

average energy per year that could not besupplied due to component failures

Crucial in the calculation of electrical system reliability is the implemented protection system,consisting of switches and fuses. In the calculation of the availability, the group concept isintroduced: a group is a section of a grid protected by the same set of switches or fuses. Failure of asingle component in a group, leads to the tripping of the group switch or fuse, and thus to the outageof all group components. A second important concept is selectivity. The choice of switches andfuses has to ensure that fault currents resulting from a failure disconnect the section near the faultfirst, in order to have the chance to keep as much of the grid in operation as possible. Thus, therating of switches and fuses pays an important role in the system availability.

To determine the system availability, each failure leads immediately to the disconnection of thecorresponding group followed by a check to determine if a switch-over is feasible. Vision does notperform short circuit calculations, but does calculate a load flow to determine an overload in case ofa failure followed by a switch-over. Vision assumes that the installed protection system is selective.Therefore, the characteristics of the protection devices are not required for the availabilitycalculation. Vision also takes the failure of the swith of fuse into account, leading to thedisconnection of a larger part of the grid.

Vision performs the following steps:1. Each component with a frequency of failure will be simulated to fail;2. The group containing the failed component is disconnected by one or more most selective

switches or fuses;3. The effect of the disconnection on other groups is evaluated: other groups may also be

disconnected due to overload;4. The frequency of failure is added to the non-availability of all component in the disconnected

groups.



3. ELECTRICAL GRID RELIABILITY BASICS

Prior to the presentation of the results, some basics of grid reliability calculations will be explainedfor the example wind farm in the next figure. The turbines in this farm are connected by AC cablesto a central platform with park transformer and the 60km shore connection is also AC. The farmsize is about 200 MW. For technical reasons, 200MW-20km systems have different layouts andcomponents than 600MW-60km systems.

shorekabel

shorekabel

shorekabel

shorekabel

shorekabel

shorekabel

4TT1

0TT1

4TT1

4TT1

4TT1

4TT1

5TT1

5TT2

5TT3

5TT4

5TT5

6TT1

6TT2

6TT3

6TT4

6TT5

3TT5

3TT4

3TT3

3TT2

3TT1

4TT1

4TT1

4TT1

4TT1

4TT1

1TT5

1TT4

1TT3

1TT2

1TT1

park_trafo

4T4

4T3

4T2

4T1 U 4G16.2 MVA

LV4T11

platform 150kV

comp offshore_32_2

offshore_32_1

U0G16.2 MVA

LV0T1

net

shore 150kV

MP10_150kV

MP20_150kV

MP30_150kV

MP40_150kV

MP50_150kV

VGRIDshore 150kV

U 4G26.2 MVA

LV4T12

U 4G36.2 MVA

LV4T13

U 4G46.2 MVA

LV4T14

4T5 U 4G56.2 MVA

LV

4T15

5T4

5T3

5T2

5T1 U 5G16.2 MVA

LV5T11

U 5G26.2 MVA

LV5T12

U 5G36.2 MVA

LV5T13

U 5G46.2 MVA

LV5T14

5T5 U 5G56.2 MVA

LV5T15

6T4

6T3

6T2

6T1 U 6G16.2 MVA

LV6T11

U 6G26.2 MVA

LV6T12

U 6G36.2 MVA

LV6T13

U 6G46.2 MVA

LV6T14

6T5 U 6G56.2 MVA

LV6T15

1T2

3T3

3T4

3T5 U 3G56.2 MVA

LV3T15

U 3G46.2 MVA

LV3T14

U 3G36.2 MVA

LV3T13

U 3G26.2 MVA

LV3T12

3T1 U 3G16.2 MVA

LV3T11

2T2

2T3

2T4

2T5

U 2G56.2 MVA

LV2T15

U 2G46.2 MVA

LV2T14

U 2G36.2 MVA

LV1T13

U 1G26.2 MVA

LV1T12

2T1 U 1G16.2 MVA

LV1T11

1T2

1T3

1T4

1T5U 1G5

6.2 MVA

LV1T15

U 1G46.2 MVA

LV1T14

U 1G36.2 MVA

LV1T13

U 1G26.2 MVA

LV1T12

1T1 U 1G16.2 MVA

LV1T11

windpark 200MW

windfarm 6 MW turbines = 6*5* 6+6 = 186MW ________________________________________

Figure 1: Layout of the example offshore windfarm: 31 turbines of 6 MW = 186 MW

In the example we assume:



• a grid connection to shore of 60km with an 3-core AC cable;• a 150kVoverload switch observing the cable temperature by glassfibre temperature

measurement (detection of unburied cable sections and failure detection accurate to 5mtr);• on the windfarm, a transformer platform connects 6 strings of 5 turbines of 6MW each. One

windturbine will be setup on the platform.

Figure 2 shows the central platform and nearby turbines in the example layout. Starting at a turbine,the generator is modelled as a synchronous machine with voltage control, represented with a circlesurrounding the letter U. The generator planned in the Dowec turbine actually is a double fedinduction machine or permanent magnet generator with full MV inverter, which is not available inthe Vision library, but for the present purpose it can also be represented by a voltage controlled SM.The next component seen from the turbine in the direction of the grid is an automatic breaker,between the turbine generator and the transformer. The breaker is represented by a cross with ashort line sticking out at the top. The next small circle called LV is a low voltage node (Dutch:knooppunt). Although this is no real component, it represents various equipment in the low voltagepanel. The next component towards shore is the windturbine transformer, represented by the twointersecting circles. The turbine side is 0.96kV, the grid side 34kV. The square is again is a node,this tima a medium voltage one. The line between this node and the following node (also a square,but slightly bigger) is a cable. The lines connecting the previously mentioned components(generator, switch, LV node, transformer and MV node) are not representing cables, these onlyconnect the component to each other.

Figure 2: Central platform and nearby turbines in the example layout

At the node called “offshore_32_1” a number of cables connect from the different turbine strings.Automatic switches (cross+line) protect these cables. Next the wind power flows into a three-winding transformer, represented by three intersecting circles. The high voltage winding (150 kV)connects to a black box, which is a high voltage node. To the right of this node we see first anautomatic circuit breaker, then a small box representing an open switch and finally a capacitor bank.When the connection is closed, the small box will disappear. Many components in Vision includeone or more switches, which are not drawn when closed. Finally, the dotted line represents thecable to shore. In the figure of the whole farm, there are a number of shunt inductors connected tothe cable to shore. The inductors are represented by semi-circles plus lines to the center of the



circle. The purpose of these inductors is to compensate the capacitive current of the cable. They areonly required for AC connections at very long distances.



4. ASSUMPTIONS AND RELIABILITY INPUT DATA USED IN THEDOWEC CALCULATIONS

For each component’s failure rate and repair time values have to be specified for the reliabilitycalculation. Component failure rate and repair time in Vision are specified as follows:

Table 2 gives the component values used for Dowec. Even though the failure and repair values havea limited accuracy and differences between manufacturers exist, they will show differences betweensystems and the effect of certain choices on the overall system reliability.

Vision calculates reliability based on the selective tripping of fuses and protection devices, thismeans that if protection devices are not selective, possibly the whole plant will shut down with asevere effect on the farm reliability.

Assumptions• Repair time / fail-freq. Values are averages.• Remote repairable (resetable) failures are not taken into account.• A safe control for trip strategy is used• Operation of the turbines at reduced power, in response to a cable failure and switch operation,

is possible. Bypass actions will create a delay time and lower the total availability. With higherprotection efforts this figures can be lowered further.

• The shore connection point can be remotely switched to backup lines in case of failure, so itsavailability is high. This low failure rate is still taken in account because it’s a failure mode forthe total farm. Island operation and full emergency supply is not taken into account.

• The transformer / switchgear placed on shore have normal repair times.• Onshore cables and cables in the dunes are sufficiently protected, which makes the reliability

equal to the submarine cables. (Urban cables may have a different reliability due to the diggingactivities)

• Main shore cables have optical temperature detection (laser technology), therefore failuredetection will be accurate and repair can be fast.

• Good diagnostic software will detect signal failures / warnings. Trip data (event recording) must



be available on shore to enable analysis.• Main switch gear and park equipment have remote control.• Transformer platforms offshore (if any) have helicopter deck, so response time for the platforms

on average can be within 24h. The helicopter is assumed to have an 90% weather determinedavailability and a travel time of 2h (actual flight = 20min) but only during daytime.

• A small and fast service boat is available so small turbine repairs can be done within 24h. Basedon information supplied by third parties, the chance is 60% that a repair can be done inside theweather-window if the total activity can be completed within 24h.

• Small spare parts are available inside the 24h window.

It is assumed that as far as possible, electrical maintenance will be combined with plannedmechanical maintenance. During a turbine stop for mechanical maintenance, the transformer can becleaned so it will not result in additional down time. For other electrical jobs (visual inspection,tightening connectors, etc.) it may necessary to switch off the system power. Repair andtransportation cost are not taken into account in the cost estimates.

The following table gives an impression of the cable repair cost and times (from DOWEC-F1W1-RH-01-033-00, prepared by van Oort):

Table 1: Daily rates of various equipment including mobilisation and demobilisation

Repair of cables within the farm on average will take: 5 waiting days – 1day mobilisation / 2 day operation / 1 day demobilisation = 85kEuro if theweather window is ok, expected downtime is 8 days

Repair of a cable to shore on average will take: 10 waiting days – 2day mobilisation / 5 day operation / 1 day demobilisation = 600kEuro if theweather window is ok, expected downtime is 18 to 21 days

General reliability data for the Dowec calculations are as follows:



The general reliability data depended on the following assumptions:• A park monitoring system reduce the time to detect a grid system failure or out of level

situation to less than 5 min• 30 min pass before the repair team sits behind the monitor• Pinpointing the failure will take 15min to 60min by comparing the data from each station

involved (other strategies will be investigated)• Isolating the fault and switch over to other possibilities will take 5 to 1500 min (if remote

possible 5min; if by disconnecting a cable part more than1500min )• If bypassing fails, equipment will be down for the longest repair time• Emergency supply is not sufficient to replace the park output, and therefore not used

For a short period equipment can be in an overload condition, until switch-over actions havesucceeded and/or possible power reduction is secured. A small reduction in lifetime is acceptablesince the calculated lifetime for most components is above 50 yrs, which surpasses the expectedlifetime of the mechanical parts of the wind farm by far.

Figure 3 gives the development of outage time in the Netherlands in Low, Medium and HighVolage grid. In the Vision calculations a failure rate of 0.2 times per year, equivalent to the highvoltage value will be used.



Table 2: Failure frequency rate and repair times used in the Dowec availability calculations< 1kV 10kV 22kV 36kV 50kV 110kV 150kVfail(1/year) repair time

fail(1/year)

repairtime(h)

fail(1/year)

repairtime(h)

fail(1/year)

repairtime(h)

fail(1/year)

repairtime(h)

fail(1/year)

repairtime(h)

fail(1/year)

repairtime(h)

Wall grid connection /pc/year 5.00E-02 4.00 5.00E-02 4.00 7.00E-02 120 1.70E-02 20overhead line 6.18E-03 90 1.71E-02 20shore switch&protection 5.24E-04 4*24h 4.70E-04 7*24h 4.00E-04 10*24hoffshore switch&protection 5.24E-04 4*24h 4.70E-04 14*24h 4.00E-04 21*24h

submarine cable AC<= 630mm² /km/year 1.39E-02 8*24h 1.39E-02 8*24h 7.43E-03 8*24h 7.43E-03 18*24h 8.45E-03 21*24h 9.45E-03 21*24hsubmarine cable AC<= 400mm² /km/year 1.19E-02 7*24h 1.59E-02 7*24h 7.43E-03 7*24h 7.43E-03 18*24h 8.45E-03 21*24h 9.45E-03 21*24hsubmarine cable DC<= 630mm² /km/year 1.39E-02 8*24h 1.39E-02 8*24h 7.43E-03 8*24h 7.43E-03 18*24h 8.45E-03 21*24h 9.45E-03 21*24hsubmarine cable DC<= 400mm² /km/year 1.19E-02 7*24h 1.59E-02 7*24h 7.43E-03 7*24h 7.43E-03 18*24h 8.45E-03 21*24h 9.45E-03 21*24h

offshore switch&protection /pc/year 8.00E-04 5.24E-04 212 1.25E+00 50

transformer oilfilled (shore) 25..100kVA /pc/year 5.00E-04 21*24h 5.00E-04 21*24h 5.00E-03 21*24h 4.54E-02 21*24h 3.44E-02 21*24h 3.44E-02 21*24htransformer oilfilled (shore) <200kVA /pc/year 5.00E-04 21*24h 5.00E-04 21*24h 5.00E-03 21*24h 4.54E-02 21*24h 3.44E-02 21*24h 3.44E-02 21*24htransformer oilfilled (offshore)25..100kVA /pc/year 5.00E-04 21*24h 5.00E-04 21*24h 5.00E-03 21*24h 4.54E-02 21*24h 3.44E-02 21*24h 3.44E-02 21*24htransformer oilfilled (offshore) <200kVA /pc/year 5.00E-04 21*24h 5.00E-04 21*24h 5.00E-03 21*24h 4.54E-02 21*24h 3.44E-02 21*24h 3.44E-02 21*24hcoil (onshore / platform) /pc/year 2.70E-03 2.70E-03 2.70E-02 3.44E-02 21*24h 3.44E-02 21*24hcoil (submarine) /pc/year 2.70E-03 2.70E-03 2.70E-02 3.44E-02 21*24h 3.44E-02 21*24h

railsystem < 34kV 2.00E-04 48h 2.00E-04 48h 3.00E-04 72hturb switchgear act prot +remote /turbine/y 8.00E-04 48h 8.00E-04 48h 9.00E-04 48hturb switchgear passive prot /turbine/y 8.00E-04 48h 8.00E-04 48h 9.00E-04 72h

Turbine tower cable 34 / 24kV /km/year 2.00E-02 48 2.00E-03 48h 2.00E-03 48hTurbine tower cable <1 kV /km/year LV power rail /pc/year 1.85E-02 1500 LV cirquitbreaker /pc/year 1.85E-01 1500

Turbine transformer (nacelle) /pc/year 2.00E-06 60h 2.00E-06 60h 3.00E-06 60hTurbine transformer (tower foot) /pc/year 1.11E-06 47.4h 1.11E-06 47.4h 1.61E-06 47.4hcoil 2.70E-03 2.70E-03capacitors

time in min unless given in hcable failure /km/yearsome diference is taken in to account for weather window dependency



Figure 3: Development of outage time in the Netherlands in Low, Medium and High Volage grid



5. CONFIGURATIONS

In the Electrical System Baseline Design [1] three system types have been identified for furtherinvestigation:• constant speed (C)• individual variable speed (IV)• park variable speed (PV)For the constant speed and individual variable speed options, the park grid and connection to shore areidentical and 18 grid configurations are investigated. Table 3 gives an overview of these configurations. Theexact layout can be found in appendix A. The variations include:• three turbine sizes: 2.7, 4.2 and 6 MW;• park sizes in the range of 100 to 600 MW;• distances between the turbines in the farm between 5.5 and 8 times the turbine diameter;• a single value of the park voltage: 34kV. The costs of the cables between the turbines are dominant in

the total costs and 24kV cabling between the turbine is not cost effective;• distances to shore of 10-20-30-40-60-100 km (if technically feasible for a specific concept);• two options for the connection to shore:

• the cable to shore is rated at 150 kV and the 150-34-34kV transformer is located on a centralplatform;

• the cable to shore is rated at 34 kV and the 150-34-34kV transformer is located on shore. In thiscase not all distances are feasible.

• availability calculations at park powers of 5-33-66-100% of the rated power.

Table 3: Configurations with Individual Variable Speed and AC connection to shoreConfignumber

Turbinetype

Park size(MW)

Number ofturb.

Cable toshore

Turbinediameter

Turbinedistance

Vision.vnf file

1 2.7 263 99 34 kV 92 5.5D 2.7_2722 2.7 190 72 34 kV 92 5.5D 2.7_1943 2.7 195 72 150 kV 92 5.5D 2.7_194_traf4 2.7 88 33 34 kV 92 5.5D 2.7_895 2.7 558 211 34 kV 92 5.5D 2.7_5806 2.7 538 198 150 kV 92 5.5D 2.7_580_traf7 2.7 537 198 150 kV 92 7D8 2.7 536 198 150 kV 92 8D9 4.2 230 60 34 kV 110 5.5D 4.4_25210 4.2 194 48 34 kV 110 5.5D 4.2_202_jbz11 4.2 199 48 150 kV 110 5.5D 4.2_202_traf12 4.2 597 144 150 kV 110 5.5D 4.2_604_traf13 4.2 596 144 150 kV 110 7D14 4.2 595 144 150 kV 110 8D15 6.0 195 36 150 kV 130 5.5D 6.0_216_traf16 6.0 603 111 150 kV 130 5.5D 6.0_666_traf17 6.0 603 111 150 kV 130 7D18 6.0 602 111 150 kV 130 8D

Configuration 1, 2, 4, 5, 9 and 10 are connected to shore by 34kV cables. At increasing distance, this optionsis no longer feasible, due to the increasing losses in the cable. Therefore, all of these configurations aremissing at a distance of 100km. The turbine size increases with increasing configuration number:



configurations 1-8 were based on the 2.7MW turbine, 9-14 on the 4.2MW and 15-18 on the 6MW turbine.Basically, the park power level fall into 3 categories: less than 100MW (only option 4), around 200MW(options 1, 2, 3, 9, 10, 11 and 15) and finally around 600MW (options 6, 7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17 and 18). Aconnection to shore at low voltage will reduce the capacitive current of the cable and depending on the parkrating, this may result in a negative reactive power of the farm.

The individual variable speed options with AC to shore with 6MW turbine will be compared to• individual variable speed with HVDC connection to shore (configuration 19);• constant speed (configuration 20);• park variable speed: induction generators and HVDC connection to shore (configuration 21).

Table 4: Configurations with Constant Speed (C) AC as well as DC connected and Park Variable Speed (PV)Confignumber

Turbinetype

Park size(MW)

Number ofturb.

Cable toshore

Turbinediameter

Turbinedistance

Vision.vnf file

19 6.0 602 111 141 kV dc 130 8D 6.0_666_HVDC20 6.0 602 111 150 kV 130 8D 6.0_666_const21 6.0 602 111 141 kV dc 130 8D 6.0_666_park-

var

In chapter 6 the systems with variable speed turbine and AC connection to shore will be compared first,since these comprise the complete range of turbine types: 2.7, 4.2 and 6 MW. In chapter 7 this is followed bythe comparison of AC and DC connections with variable and constant speed turbines of 6 MW.



6. INDIVIDUAL VARIABLE SPEED AND AC CONNECTION TO SHORE

The availability of the electrical components between the turbine generator and the substation on shore forthe 18 grid configurations has been calculated by Vision. Four different load conditions have been examined:5%, 33%, 66% and 100% load. The load influences the availability results, since it determines whether afault can be compensated by a switch operation, in which the electric power is transported via an alternativeroute. Since offshore wind farms are expected to have a relatively high capacity factor, in order to make themaximum use of the expensive offshore structures and electrical infrastructure, the results for the 66%conditions will be presented.

Figure 4: Relative cable losses at 66% of rated park power

Figure 4 clearly demonstrates the high cable losses of the 34kV connection to shore. At 60km only one of the34kV configurations remains and the losses have increased to an unexceptable level of 25% of the parkpower. In the 150kV options the cable losses increase from less than 1% at 10km to about 3% at 100km.



Figure 5: Relative failure rates of the wind farm grid per turbine per year at 66% of park power

Figure 5 compares the relative failure rates of the wind farm grids for 6 distances to shore. The relativefailure rate, defined as the total number of component failures divided by the number of turbines, is used tomake the values of different park sizes comparable, since the failure rate will increase if the number ofcomponents per wind farm increases. For increasing distance to shore, the relative failure rate significantlyincreases, while the differences in relative failure rate between the configurations at the same distance isrelatively small. This indicates the strong effect of the reliability of the cable connection to shore on theoverall failure rate.



Figure 6: Not-produced hours per year at 66% power

However, the failure rate lacks information about the severity of the failures. After all, it makes a bigdifference on the farm output, if a component in the connection to shore fails or a component connecting anindividual turbine. Therefore, the Not-produced Energy due to these failures is also calculated by Vision.Figure 6 gives the result, expressed as the number of hours not produced at 66% of rated power. Since theshore connection is a dominant factor in the relative failure rate, the number of not produced hours per yearshows the same trend as the failure rate: a steady increase with distance. The effect of multiple cables is alsoevident: at 100km only two values remain. Option 18 switches level at 100km: a level in the cable loading ispassed and 66% power can not be transported any more at cable failure.

For the 100km options, a number of not-produced hours as high as 500 per year is found, only caused byfailures of the wind farm grid and connection to shore and the time it takes to solve the failure. This seems tobe quite high and the underlying assumptions, especially the failure rates of the shore connection, should beinvestigated in more detail. Also, any measures to increase the reliability of the connection to shore shouldbe examined.



Figure 7: Relative investment of electrical system at 6 distances to shore(calculated at 66% of rated power)

Figure 7 gives the relative investment costs of the electrical system, which for a given configuration increasewith distance to shore. At 10km the differences between the configurations are relatively small, with atendency to decrease for increasing park size. At longer distances, the 34kV concepts show a sharp increasein price. If the 34kV options are excluded, the investment costs increase from about 0.2 Meuro/MW at 10kmto about 0.5 Meuro/MW at 100km, with little spread between the concepts.

Figure 8 present these results in a slightly different way. The relative Not-delivered Energy is plotted againstthe distance to shore for all configurations and three trends emerge, depending on the type of connection toshore. Parks with a single cable to shore clearly experience the highest Non-delivered Energy expectation.Multi-cable options, at 150kV have a Non-delivered Energy expectation of about 66% of the 150kV singlecable options. For the mullti-cable systems at 34kV this even lower. The lower the voltage, the higher therelative number of cables to transport the power, thus explaining the lower 34kV values relative to the150kV ones.



0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

400000

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

distance to shore

NDE euro/(10y.0.66%MW)

dowec2.7_273.vnf SYS01 dowec2.7_194.vnf SYS02

dowec2.7_194_traf.vnf SYS03 dowec2.7_89.vnf SYS04

dowec4.2_252.vnf SYS09 dowec4.2_202_jbz.vnf SYS10

dowec4.2_202_traf.vnf SYS11 dowec2.7_580.vnf SYS05

dowec6.0_216_traf.vnf SYS15 dowec2.7_544_traf.vnf SYS07




dowec6.0_666_traf.vnf SYS18

single cable parks 150kV

multi cable parks 150kV

multi cable parks 34kV

Figure 8: Relative Not-delivered Energy against distance to shore at 66% of park power

Figure 9 gives estimated Levelized Production Costs for all AC configurations and distances:

LPC = I/(a*AUE)+TOM/AUEWith

I Investments in year 0a Annuity factor sum[1/(1+r)^-n] = [1-(1+r)^-n]/r

with r = real interest rateand n = economic life time

AUE annual produced energy incl.electrical losses and notavailability

TOM annual operation and maintenancecosts

Wind farm economic life time: 10 yearsInterest rate: 8% at 3 % inflationThe wind turbine energy capture is based on a 10x10 square wind farm, the Energy Price Target is 0.055Euro/kWh.

Please note that not all variations are taken into account. For example the turbine prize is fixed, independentfrom the distance to shore, since the intention is to compare different types of electrical systems. In contrastto the baseline report, the investment costs for turbine, foundation and installation are included in the LPC.



0.0400

0.0450

0.0500

0.0550

0.0600

0.0650

0.0700

0.0750

0.0800

0.0850

0.0900

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

distance to shore

LPC _ jbzEuro/ kWh

dowec2.7_273.vnf SYS01dowec2.7_194.vnf SYS02

dowec2.7_194_traf.vnf SYS03dowec2.7_89.vnf SYS04dowec4.2_252.vnf SYS09dowec4.2_202_jbz.vnf SYS10dowec4.2_202_traf.vnf SYS11dowec2.7_580.vnf SYS05dowec6.0_216_traf.vnf SYS15dowec2.7_544_traf.vnf SYS07

dowec2.7_544_traf.vnf SYS08dowec4.2_604_traf.vnf SYS12dowec4.2_604_traf.vnf SYS13dowec4.2_604_traf.vnf SYS14dowec6.0_666_traf.vnf SYS16dowec6.0_666_traf.vnf SYS17

dowec6.0_666_traf.vnf SYS18

Figure 9: LPC against distance to shore (limited nr of inputs ) for relative comparison only

From Figure 9 can be concluded• that the options with multiple connections to shore at 150kV have an economic advantage. Systems

based on the 6MW turbine perform best, followed by the 4.2MW options.• that only 6MW turbines can reach the goal of 5.5€cent/kWh on distances of 60km out of the coast



7. CONSTANT SPEED AND PARK VARIABLE SPEED COMPARED TOINDIVIDUAL VARIABLE SPEED

This chapter compares the availability and economic feasibility of the AC and DC connections with variableand constant speed turbines of 6 MW. For the electrical lay-out of the farms is referred to appendix A. Thepark variable speed option includes a HVDC connection to shore and the AC-DC converters have beenmodelled in Vision by nodes (see Figure 10) since Vision does not cater for converters. For the reliabilitycalculations this is sufficient. Converter losses have been included as extra losses in the DC cable.

The chance of failure of a single HVDC converter, based on IGBT technology, is estimated at 5% per yearwith an estimated repair time of 10.4 days (250 h). The bipolar DC cable system has been represented by anequivalent of two three-phase AC cable systems, since Vision does not include DC components either.Again, this will have no effect on the availability evaluation, as long as the park power level ensures thatboth cables have to be in operation to transport all power, to prevent Vision attempting to use a single cablein case of a failure. Losses will be predicted more or less correctly, at least at zero power factor.

Figure 10: Node reliability data representing an HVDC converter

Figure 11 represents the Not-Delivered Energy of the HVDC system compared to the three HVAC options ofsame park size and lay-out. The converter and DC cable system increases the NDE by a factor 3.7 at 10km to3.1 at 100km, demonstrating that HVDC connections, and more specifically converters, are considered to beless reliable than AC cable connections. Figure 12 compares the previously defined LPC of the HVDC andHVAC options: the LPC increases by almost 2 Eurocent in case of an HVDC connection.We have been optimistic in prizing of the HVDC converter systems



To compare the effect of a robust and parkvariable system we did make estimates for them also

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

400000

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

distance to shore

NDE euro/(10y.0.66%MW)





dowec6.0_666_HVDC.vnfSYS19 dowec6.0_666_const.vnfSYS20

dowec6.0_666_parkvar.vnfSYS21

multi cable AC parks 150kV

HVDCPARK_VAR

Figure 11: Not-Delivered Energy of HVDC option compared to HVAC of same size and lay-out at 66% parkpower

0 . 0 4 0 0

0 . 0 4 5 0

0 . 0 5 0 0

0 . 0 5 5 0

0 . 0 6 0 0

0 . 0 6 5 0

0 . 0 7 0 0

0 . 0 7 5 0

0 . 0 8 0 0

0 . 0 8 5 0

1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 0 1 0 0

d i s t a n c e t o s h o r e

L P C _ j b z€ E u r o / k W h

d o w e c 2 . 7 _ 5 4 4 _ t r a f . v n f S Y S 0 8



d o w e c 6 . 0 _ 6 6 6 _ H V D C . v n f S Y S 1 9

d o w e c 6 . 0 _ 6 6 6 _ c o n s t . v n f S Y S 2 0

d o w e c 6 . 0 _ 6 6 6 _ p a r k v a r . v n f S Y S 2 1

H V D C

P A R K V A R

2 . 6 M W A C

4 . 2 M W A C

6 M W A C

6 M W r o b u s t

Figure 12: Comparison of LPC figures the red line is the Dowec goal limit



8. CONCLUSIONS

8.1 Reliability AC options (individual variable speed)

• The influence or the park layout (number and location of turbines) on the relative failure rate and therelative amount of not-delivered energy is small;

• Availability decrease linearly with the distance to shore;• For longer distances (60..100km) the grid availability reaches an alarmingly low level.• Extra investment to protect the shore cables will pay off due to the strong effect on the Not Delivered

Energy;• For larger windfarms the multi-cable connection increases the availability and is a must, if technically

and economically feasible. If possible also feed-in at different substations on shore;• If three shore connections are used, each designed for one third of the installed power, links between the

platforms will pay off (see appendix B);• For cost and efficiency reasons, large wind farms more than 10km of the coast will have an transformer

platform, i.e. a 150kV cable instead of a 34kV one. The break even point is expected to be at 5 km. Theonly uncertainty is the platform cost, in the range of 10-15MEuro (cost estimate in calculation was10MEuro). Afterwards the estimate looks a little pessimistic

8.2 Efficiency AC options

• Sides to the reliability issues is has proven that it wise to install the links between the transformerplatforms (due to the load spreading of the wake effect ( 5 to 15%) the production over an park will notbe the same for all turbines), by the links the loading will spread over all shore cables

• If platform links are installed it is effective to install 5% more turbine power as transport capacity whilethe full power output due to the wake effect will not occur

• The gain “wake effect/cable loss and cost” is positive , so use the space available.

8.3 Reactive power AC options

• In the Vision calculation for the 18 options no reactive power compensation has been included. Belowdistances of 30km, the cable capacitive loading can counteract by the turbine. At longer distances, thecable capacitive current is partly supplied by the utility grid. Parallel connected compensation coils orother counter-actions can also be considered.

• It was not possible to determine if the reactive power supplied by the cable is a curse or a blessing, sinceit may depend on the local grid connection. If the grid connection point is close to a conventionalproduction unit, it possibly is a blessing. If the cable onshore is also a long cable it will be a course.

• For multi-cable connections it is feasible to disconnect 1 or 2 shore cables at low power production. Thiswill lower the reactive energy to 1/3 and make it stepwise controllable.

• Static VAR compensation is the best controllable option but also the most expensive• Initially it was assumed that the best place for compensation coils was onshore. However, the dune

section of the cable is the thermally worst loaded part. Therefore it is wise to make this the less loadedpart, by mounting compensation coils on the transformer platform or at the seabed. Good location at themaximum cable laying length, which depends on the laying ship and cable size (estimated 40km). TheSmit Transformers coil is the best option for a seabed coil, which will reduce the cost of the coils to lessof 70% of conventional.



8.4 HVDC option

• For the time being, a HVDC connection to shore is not feasible due to the reduced availability and ahigher LPC figure (calculated with 95% availability of the HVDC system).

• However, if distances to the grid substation are large, HVDC may be the only technical feasible solution.

8.5 Park variable option

• For the time being, a park-variable system is not is not feasible due to the reduced availability and ahigher LPC figure, also caused by the high price of the HVDC connection to shore.

• The lower price of the robust turbine with standard induction generator and better reliability is notsufficient to compensate for the HVDC costs and reduction in reliability (calculated with 95%availability of the HVDC system)



REFERENCES

[1] JTG Pierik, M. Pavlovsky, J. Bozelie, P. Bauer and SWH de Haan: Dowec Electrical System BaselineDesign (WP1 Task 7). ECN- -02-021, februari 2002.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Unfortunately, not all manufacturers have reliability figures or are and willing to share them.Nevertheless, many contributed to reliability and price data, which made the Vision calculations possible.Special thanks to:• Nuon, ENW, Delta, Eneco, Essent• ABB, Siemens, F&G, Pirelli, Draka, Smit Trafo / SGB Trafoand last but not least the Vision Development Team (Phase to Phase) which made a big effort to make alloptions work or adapt Vision to our wishes.

Responsible engineersDHR: J Bozelie DHR: JTG PierikFIRM: NEG Micon -nl FIRM: ECN

For general supportDHR: P. Bauer DHR: M. PavlovskyFIRM: TU delft FIRM: TU delft



APPENDIX A PARKCONFIGURATIONS

SYSTEM 1: dowec 2.7_272

F: 0.0663 /jaarP: 286 min/jaar










































































































F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2074 min/jaarF: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2072 min/jaar










smitt100 MVA 15F: 0.0655 /jaarP: 282 min/jaar



UNM2.75


NGE: 63788 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2569 /jaarP: 2126 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 63788 kWh/jaar 1T06F: 0.2569 /jaarP: 2126 min/jaar

UNM2.75

F: 0.2484 /jaarP: 2068 min/jaarNGE: 62053 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75



UNM2.75


NGE: 62053 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 62053 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75




UNM2.75F: 0.2502 /jaar

P: 2074 min/jaarNGE: 62208 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75

F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2074 min/jaarNGE: 62208 kWh/jaar 2T16


UNM2.75


NGE: 62208 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 62208 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75



UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar

3 T 2 5F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2072 min/jaar

UNM2.75


3 T 2 4F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2072 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar

3 T 2 3F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2072 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 54091 kWh/jaar


onshore_150F: 0.0412 /jaarP: 111 min/jaar

VNET



UNM2.75



UNM2.75


NGE: 63788 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 63788 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar


1T00F: 0.0663 /jaar

P: 287 min/jaar

2T00F: 0.0663 /jaar

P: 288 min/jaar3T00


UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar

3 T 2 6F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2072 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 57364 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75



UNM2.75


NGE: 62212 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75



UNM2.75



UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar

1 T 0 5F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2072 min/jaar

UNM2.75F: 0.2569 /jaar



UNM2.75



UNM2.75



UNM2.75


NGE: 63788 kWh/jaar 1 T 0 6F: 0.2569 /jaarP: 2126 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62053 kWh/jaar

1 T 0 5F: 0.2484 /jaarP: 2068 min/jaar

UNM2.75


1 T 0 4F: 0.2484 /jaarP: 2068 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62053 kWh/jaar

1 T 0 3F: 0.2484 /jaarP: 2068 min/jaar

UNM2.75


1 T 0 2F: 0.2484 /jaarP: 2068 min/jaar

UNM2.75




UNM2.75


NGE: 62208 kWh/jaar

2 T 1 7F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2074 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62208 kWh/jaar 2 T 1 6F: 0.2502 /jaar

P: 2074 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62208 kWh/jaar

2 T 1 5F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2074 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62208 kWh/jaar

2 T 1 4F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2074 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 54127 kWh/jaar 2 T 1 3F: 0.2167 /jaarP: 1804 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75




UNM2.75


NGE: 63788 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 63788 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 63788 kWh/jaar


1 T 0 0F: 0.0663 /jaarP: 287 min/jaar

2T00F: 0.0663 /jaar

P: 288 min/jaar3T00


UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 62208 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 62208 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 62208 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 62208 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75



UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 63788 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


2 T 1 7F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2074 min/jaar

UNM2.75



UNM2.75



UNM2.75


NGE: 62053 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75



UNM2.75


NGE: 62053 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75



UNM2.75



0T00F: 0.0655 /jaar

P: 285 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62208 kWh/jaar

2 T 1 7F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2074 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62208 kWh/jaar 2T16F: 0.2502 /jaar

P: 2074 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62208 kWh/jaar

2 T 1 5F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2074 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62208 kWh/jaar

2 T 1 4F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2074 min/jaar

UNM2.75



UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar

3 T 2 5F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2072 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar

3 T 2 4F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2072 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar

3 T 2 3F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2072 min/jaar

UNM2.75




UNM2.75


NGE: 63788 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 63788 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 63788 kWh/jaar


1T00F: 0.0663 /jaar

P: 287 min/jaar

2T00F: 0.0663 /jaar

P: 288 min/jaar3T00


UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar

3 T 2 6F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2072 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62208 kWh/jaar

1 T 0 7F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2074 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62208 kWh/jaar

1 T 0 6F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2074 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62208 kWh/jaar

1 T 1 0F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2074 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62208 kWh/jaar

1 T 0 9F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2074 min/jaar

UNM2.75


1 T 0 8F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2074 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar

1 T 0 5F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2072 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 63788 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


2 T 1 7F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2074 min/jaarU

NM2.75F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2072 min/jaar

NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75F: 0.2502 /jaar



UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75



UNM2.75


3 T 3 4F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2072 min/jaar

UNM2.75F: 0.2502 /jaar


3 T 3 3F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2072 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar

3 T 3 2F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2072 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 62172 kWh/jaar

3 T 3 1F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2072 min/jaar

UNM2.75


3 T 3 0F: 0.2502 /jaarP: 2072 min/jaar

DOWEC windfarm 2.75MW turbines = 3*11* 2.75MW_____________

`load flow Ud = 1.00% Unom













































































F: 0.2353 /jaarP: 2297 min/jaar F: 0.2353 /jaar

P: 2297 min/jaarF: 0.2353 /jaarP: 2297 min/jaar





UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2353 /jaar

P: 2297 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar



onshore_150F: 0.0308 /jaarP: 90 min/ jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar

1T08F: 0.2353 /jaar

P: 2297 min/jaar



V NETF: 0.0308 /jaarP: 90 min/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2353 /jaar

P: 2297 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2353 /jaar

P: 2297 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar

1T08F: 0.2353 /jaar

P: 2297 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2353 /jaar

P: 2297 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2353 /jaar

P: 2297 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar

1T08F: 0.2353 /jaar

P: 2297 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2353 /jaar

P: 2297 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2353 /jaar

P: 2297 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar

1T08F: 0.2353 /jaar

P: 2297 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2353 /jaar

P: 2297 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2353 /jaar

P: 2297 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar

1T08F: 0.2353 /jaar

P: 2297 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2353 /jaar

P: 2297 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2353 /jaar

P: 2297 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar

1T08F: 0.2353 /jaar

P: 2297 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 77240 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 68904 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2353 /jaar

P: 2297 min/jaar



SYSTEM 3: dowec 2.7_194_traf










































































smit t100 MVA 15F: 0.2341 /jaarP: 5940 min/jaar

smit t100 MVA 15F: 0.2341 /jaarP: 5940 min/jaar

UNM4.2


NGE: 187138 kWh/jaar

1 T 0 7F: 0.2716 /jaar

P: 6238 min/jaar

UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




0 T 0 0F: 0.2341 /jaarP: 5942 min/jaar

offshore_150F: 0.2098 / jaarP: 5768 min/jaar

UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2



1T08F: 0.2716 /jaar

P: 6238 min/jaar

UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2



1 T 0 7F: 0.2716 / jaar

P: 6238 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T07F: 0.2698 /jaar

P: 6220 min/jaar

UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2



1 T 0 1F: 0.2698 /jaarP: 6220 min/jaar

UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2



1T08F: 0.2698 /jaar

P: 6220 min/jaar

UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2



1 T 0 7F: 0.2698 /jaar

P: 6220 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1 T 0 7F: 0.2716 /jaar

P: 6238 min/jaar

UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2



1T08F: 0.2716 /jaar

P: 6238 min/jaar

UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2



1 T 0 7F: 0.2716 / jaar

P: 6238 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1 T 0 7F: 0.3074 / jaar

P: 6516 min/jaar

UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2



1 T 0 8F: 0.3074 /jaar

P: 6516 min/jaar

UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2



1T07F: 0.3074 /jaar

P: 6516 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1 T 0 7F: 0.3056 / jaar

P: 6498 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T04F: 0.2740 / jaarP: 6262 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T03F: 0.2740 / jaarP: 6262 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T02F: 0.2740 / jaarP: 6262 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T01F: 0.3056 / jaarP: 6498 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T10F: 0.3056 / jaarP: 6498 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T09F: 0.3056 / jaarP: 6498 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T08F: 0.3056 /jaar

P: 6498 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T04F: 0.2740 / jaarP: 6262 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T03F: 0.2740 / jaarP: 6262 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T02F: 0.2740 / jaarP: 6262 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T07F: 0.3056 /jaar

P: 6498 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T07F: 0.3074 / jaar

P: 6516 min/jaar

UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2



1 T 0 8F: 0.3074 /jaar

P: 6516 min/jaar

UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2



1T07F: 0.3074 /jaar

P: 6516 min/jaar

0 T 0 0F: 0.2341 /jaarP: 5942 min/jaar

VN E TF: 0.0004 / jaarP: 6 min/jaar













































UNM2.75


NGE: 61417 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75



UNM2.75


NGE: 59682 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 59682 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 59682 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 59682 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75




UNM2.75


NGE: 59837 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75



P: 1995 min/jaar

UNM2.75


NGE: 59837 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 59837 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75



UNM2.75


NGE: 59801 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 59801 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 59801 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 51721 kWh/jaar



VNETF: 0.0000 /jaarP: 0 min/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 61417 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 61417 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 61417 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 59801 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 59801 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 59801 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 59801 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 59801 kWh/jaar


1T00F: 0.0355 /jaar

P: 208 min/jaar

2T00F: 0.0355 /jaar

P: 209 min/jaar3T00


UNM2.75


NGE: 59801 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 54993 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 54993 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 59841 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 59841 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 59841 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 59801 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 61417 kWh/jaar


UNM2.75


NGE: 59837 kWh/jaar


DOWEC windfarm 2.75MW turbines = 3*11* 2.75MW _____________






F: 0.0724 / jaarP: 238 min/jaar


F: 0.0724 / jaarP: 238 min/jaarF: 0.0724 /jaar

P: 238 min/jaar

F: 0.0724 /jaar

P : 2 3 8 m i n / j a a r






F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar








F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar


F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar









F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar










F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar









F: 0.3126 /jaar

P: 2722 min/jaar




F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar


F: 0.3126 /jaar

P: 2722 min/jaar


F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar



F: 0.3126 /jaar

P: 2722 min/jaar


F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar


F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

F: 0.3126 /jaar

P: 2722 min/jaar

F: 0.3126 /jaar

P: 2722 min/jaar



F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaarF: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar








F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar








F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar


F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar









F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar










F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar









F: 0.3126 / jaar

P: 2722 min/jaar




F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar


F: 0.3126 /jaar

P: 2722 min/jaar


F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar



F: 0.3067 / jaar

P: 2676 min/jaar


F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar


F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

F: 0.3067 /jaar

P: 2676 min/jaar

F: 0.3067 /jaar

P: 2676 min/jaar



F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaarF: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar








F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar








F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar


F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar









F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar










F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar









F: 0.3126 / jaar

P: 2722 min/jaar




F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar


F: 0.3126 /jaar

P: 2722 min/jaar


F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar



F: 0.3067 / jaar

P: 2676 min/jaar


F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar


F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

F: 0.3067 /jaar

P: 2676 min/jaar

F: 0.3067 /jaar

P: 2676 min/jaar



F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaarF: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar




P: 2722 min/jaarF: 0.3126 / jaarP: 2722 min/jaar F: 0.3126 /jaar

P: 2722 min/jaar


P: 2722 min/jaar F: 0.3126 /jaarP: 2722 min/jaar

s m i t t 1 0 0 M V A 1 5F: 0.0966 /jaar

P : 4 0 9 m i n / j a a r

smitt100 MVA 15F: 0.0966 / jaar

P: 409 min/jaar

smitt100 MVA 15F: 0.0966 /jaar

P: 409 min/jaar


P: 409 min/jaar

smitt100 MVA 15F: 0.0966 / jaar

P: 409 min/jaar


P: 409 min/jaar

UNM2.7

F: 0.2769 / jaarP : 2445 m in / jaa r

NGE: 73336 kWh/ jaa r

1T07F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7

F: 0.3126 / jaarP : 2722 m in / jaa r

NGE: 81672 kWh/ jaa r1T04F: 0.3126 / jaarP: 2722 min/jaar

UNM2.7

F: 0.3126 / jaarP : 2722 m in / jaa r


1T03


UNM2.7

F: 0.3126 / jaarP : 2722 m in / jaa r


UNM2.7

F: 0.2769 / jaarP : 2445 m in / jaa r



0T00F: 0.0966 /jaar

P : 4 1 2 m i n / j a a r


UNM2.7

F: 0.2769 / jaarP : 2445 m in / jaa r


1T10


UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar1T09F: 0.2769 / jaarP: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7

F: 0.2769 / jaarP : 2445 m in / jaa r


1T08F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

0T00F: 0.0966 /jaar

P : 4 1 2 m i n / j a a r

onshore_150

F: 0.0724 /jaarP : 2 3 8 m i n / j a a r

UNM2.7

F: 0.3126 / jaarP : 2722 m in / jaa r


UNM2.7

F: 0.3126 / jaarP : 2722 m in / jaa r

NGE: 81672 kWh/ jaa r1T02F: 0.3126 / jaar

P: 2722 min/jaar

UNM2.7

F: 0.2769 / jaarP : 2445 m in / jaa r


1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 81672 kWh/jaar

1T04


UNM2.7


NGE: 81672 kWh/jaar

1T03F: 0.3126 /jaar

P: 2722 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 81672 kWh/jaar1T02


UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T01


UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T10F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/ jaa r1T09F: 0.2769 /jaarP: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T08F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 81672 kWh/jaar1T04F: 0.3126 /jaarP: 2722 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7




UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 81672 kWh/jaar1T02F: 0.3126 /jaar

P: 2722 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T01F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T08F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07


UNM2.7



1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 81672 kWh/ jaa r1T04


UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 81672 kWh/ jaa r1T02F: 0.3126 /jaar

P: 2722 min/jaar

UNM2.7



1T01F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



1T08F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7



1T07


UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T01F: 0.2769 / jaarP: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T08F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7




UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T09


UNM2.7



1T08F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



1T03F: 0.3126 / jaar

P: 2722 min/jaar

UNM2.7



1T02


UNM2.7



1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 81672 kWh/jaar

1T03


UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T01F: 0.2769 / jaarP: 2445 min/jaar

0T00F: 0.0966 / jaar

P: 412 min/jaar

onshore_150F: 0.0724 / jaarP: 238 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T10


UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T08F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

0T00F: 0.0966 /jaar

P: 412 min/jaar

onshore_150


V

N E TF: 0.0724 /jaar

P : 2 3 8 m i n / j a a r

F: 0.0724 /jaarP : 2 3 8 m i n / j a a r

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



P: 2722 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 81672 kWh/jaar

1T04


UNM2.7


NGE: 81672 kWh/jaar

1T03F: 0.3126 / jaar

P: 2722 min/jaar

UNM2.7




UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T01


UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T10F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T08F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7




UNM2.7



UNM2.7



P: 2722 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T01F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T08F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07


UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7




UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 81672 kWh/jaar1T02F: 0.3126 / jaar

P: 2722 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T01F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar1T10F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T08F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07


UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T01F: 0.2769 / jaarP: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7

F: 0.2769 / jaarP : 2445 m in / jaa r


UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T08F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T01F: 0.2769 / jaarP: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



1T09


UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T08F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 80283 kWh/jaar

1T03F: 0.3067 /jaar

P: 2676 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 80283 kWh/jaar

1T02


UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 80283 kWh/jaar

1T03


UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T01F: 0.2769 / jaarP: 2445 min/jaar

0T00F: 0.0966 / jaar

P: 412 min/jaar


UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T10


UNM2.7

F: 0.2769 / jaarP : 2445 m in / jaa r


UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T08F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

0T00F: 0.0966 /jaar

P: 412 min/jaar

onshore_150


UNM2.7



UNM2.7



P: 2676 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



1T07F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



1T04


UNM2.7



1T03F: 0.3126 /jaar

P: 2722 min/jaar

UNM2.7




UNM2.7



1T01


UNM2.7



1T10F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



1T08F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7



1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7




UNM2.7



UNM2.7



P: 2676 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T01F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7

F: 0.2769 / jaarP : 2445 m in / jaa r


UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T08F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07


UNM2.7

F: 0.2769 / jaarP : 2445 m in / jaa r


1T07F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7

F: 0.3067 / jaarP : 2676 m in / jaa r



UNM2.7

F: 0.3067 / jaarP : 2676 m in / jaa r


UNM2.7

F: 0.3067 / jaarP : 2676 m in / jaa r


P: 2676 min/jaar

UNM2.7

F: 0.2769 / jaarP : 2445 m in / jaa r


1T01F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7

F: 0.2769 / jaarP : 2445 m in / jaa r


P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7

F: 0.2769 / jaarP : 2445 m in / jaa r


1T08F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7

F: 0.3067 / jaarP : 2676 m in / jaa r


UNM2.7

F: 0.3067 / jaarP : 2676 m in / jaa r


UNM2.7

F: 0.2769 / jaarP : 2445 m in / jaa r


1T07


UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar


UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T08F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T01F: 0.2769 / jaarP: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7



UNM2.7

F: 0.2769 / jaarP : 2445 m in / jaa r


1T09


UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T08F: 0.2769 /jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 80283 kWh/jaar

1T03F: 0.3067 /jaar

P: 2676 min/jaar

UNM2.7


NGE: 80283 kWh/jaar

1T02


UNM2.7


NGE: 73336 kWh/jaar

1T07F: 0.2769 / jaar

P: 2445 min/jaar

UNM2.7

F: 0.3126 / jaarP : 2722 m in / jaa r


UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7



UNM2.7



P: 2722 min/jaar

UNM2.7



P: 2722 min/jaarU

NM2.7F: 0.3126 /jaar


1T03F: 0.3126 / jaarP: 2722 min/jaar

SYSTEM 6, 7 and 8: dowec 2.7_554

F: 0.0012 /jaarP: 18 min / jaar





































































































































F: 0.6145 /jaarP: 425 min/jaar F: 0.6145 /jaarP: 425 min/jaar


































































F: 0.6149 /jaarP: 17458 min/jaar F: 0.6149 /jaarP: 17458 min/jaar


F: 0.5982 /jaarP: 17921 min/jaarF: 0.5982 /jaar

P: 17921 min/jaar

smitt200MVA150/34/34F: 0.5716 / jaarP: 17110 min/jaar

smitt200MVA150/34/34F: 0.5716 / jaarP: 17110 min/jaarsmitt200MVA150/34/34F: 0.5712 / jaar

P: 77 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T07F: 0.6107 /jaarP: 17416 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T04F: 0.6405 /jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T03F: 0.6405 /jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T02F: 0.6405 /jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T01F: 0.6107 / jaarP: 17416 min/jaar

0T00F: 0.5724 /jaar

P: 17112 min/ jaar

1o f f shore_150F: 0.5698 / jaar

P: 17105 min/ jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6107 /jaar


1T10F: 0.6107 /jaarP: 17416 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T09F: 0.6107 /jaarP: 17416 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T08F: 0.6107 /jaarP: 17416 min/ jaar

UNM4.2



1T03F: 0.6405 /jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T02F: 0.6405 /jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T07F : 0 .6107 / j aa r

P: 17416 min/ jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6067 /jaar


1T07F: 0.6067 /jaarP: 17374 min/ jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 0 4F : 0 .6365 / j aa rP: 17606 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 0 3F : 0 .6365 / j aa rP: 17606 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1 T 0 2F : 0 .6365 / j aa rP: 17606 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T01F: 0.6067 / jaarP: 17374 min/jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6067 /jaar


1 T 1 0F : 0 .6067 / j aa rP: 17374 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1 T 0 9F : 0 .6067 / j aa rP: 17374 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 0 8F : 0 .6067 / j aa rP: 17374 min/ jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6365 /jaar


1 T 0 3F : 0 .6365 / j aa rP: 17606 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1 T 0 2F : 0 .6365 / j aa rP: 17606 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T07F: 0.6067 / jaarP: 17374 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T07F : 0 .6107 / j aa rP: 17416 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T04F: 0.6405 / jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T03F: 0.6405 / jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T02F: 0.6405 / jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T01F: 0.6107 /jaarP: 17416 min/ jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6107 /jaar


1T10F: 0.6107 / jaarP: 17416 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T09F: 0.6107 / jaarP: 17416 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T08F: 0.6107 / jaarP: 17416 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T03F: 0.6405 / jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T02F: 0.6405 / jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T07F: 0.6107 /jaar

P: 17416 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T07F: 0.6405 /jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T04F: 0.6149 / jaarP: 17458 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T03F: 0.6149 / jaarP: 17458 min/jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6149 /jaar


1T02F: 0.6149 / jaarP: 17458 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T01F: 0.6405 / jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T10F: 0.6405 / jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T09F: 0.6405 / jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 0 8F: 0.6405 / jaarP: 17648 min/ jaar

UNM4.2



1T04F: 0.6149 / jaarP: 17458 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T03F: 0.6149 / jaarP: 17458 min/jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6149 /jaar


1T02F: 0.6149 / jaarP: 17458 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T07F: 0.6365 /jaarP: 17606 min/ jaar

UNM4.2



1 T 0 4F : 0 .6108 / j aa rP: 17417 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 0 3F : 0 .6108 / j aa rP: 17417 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1 T 0 2F : 0 .6108 / j aa rP: 17417 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T01F: 0.6365 / jaarP: 17606 min/ jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6365 /jaar


1 T 1 0F : 0 .6365 / j aa rP: 17606 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1 T 0 9F : 0 .6365 / j aa rP: 17606 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T08F : 0 .6365 / j aa rP: 17606 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 0 4F : 0 .6108 / j aa rP: 17417 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 0 3F : 0 .6108 / j aa rP: 17417 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1 T 0 2F : 0 .6108 / j aa rP: 17417 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T07F: 0.6405 / jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T04F: 0.6149 / jaarP: 17458 min/ jaar

UNM4.2


1T03F: 0.6149 / jaarP: 17458 min/ jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6149 /jaar


1T02F: 0.6149 / jaarP: 17458 min/ jaar

UNM4.2



1T01F: 0.6405 /jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T10F: 0.6405 / jaarP: 17648 min/ jaar

UNM4.2


1T09F: 0.6405 / jaarP: 17648 min/ jaar

UNM4.2


1T08F: 0.6405 / jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T04F: 0.6149 / jaarP: 17458 min/ jaar

UNM4.2


1T03F: 0.6149 / jaarP: 17458 min/ jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6149 /jaar


1T02F: 0.6149 / jaarP: 17458 min/ jaar

0T00F: 0.5724 / jaarP: 17112 min/jaar


UNM4.2F: 0.6103 /jaar


1T07F: 0.6103 /jaarP: 383 min / jaar

UNM4.2


1T04F: 0.6401 /jaarP: 614 min / jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6401 /jaar


1T03F: 0.6401 /jaarP: 614 min / jaar

UNM4.2


NGE: 18425 kWh/jaar

1T02F: 0.6401 /jaarP: 614 min / jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 0 1F : 0 .6103 / j aa rP: 383 min/jaar

0T00

F: 0.5720 /jaarP : 79 m in / j aa r

of fshore_150F: 0.5694 /jaar

P: 71 min/jaar

UNM4.2


NGE: 11479 kWh/jaar

1T10F: 0.6103 /jaarP: 383 min / jaar

UNM4.2


NGE: 11479 kWh/jaar

1T09F: 0.6103 /jaarP: 383 min / jaar

UNM4.2



UNM4.2F: 0.6401 /jaar


1T03F: 0.6401 /jaarP: 614 min / jaar

UNM4.2


NGE: 18425 kWh/jaar

1T02F: 0.6401 /jaarP: 614 min / jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 0 7F: 0.6103 / jaarP: 383 min / jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6063 /jaar



UNM4.2



UNM4.2F: 0.6361 /jaar



UNM4.2F: 0.6361 /jaar



UNM4.2


NGE: 10231 kWh/jaar

1T01F: 0.6063 / jaarP: 341 min/jaar

UNM4.2



UNM4.2


NGE: 10231 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


1T08F: 0.6063 / jaarP: 341 min / jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6361 /jaar



UNM4.2


NGE: 17178 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 10231 kWh/jaar

1T07F : 0 .6063 / j aa rP: 341 min/jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6103 /jaar


1 T 0 7F: 0.6103 / jaarP: 383 min / jaar

UNM4.2


1T04F: 0.6401 / jaarP: 614 min / jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6401 /jaar


1T03F: 0.6401 / jaarP: 614 min / jaar

UNM4.2


NGE: 18425 kWh/jaar

1T02F: 0.6401 / jaarP: 614 min / jaar

UNM4.2



UNM4.2


NGE: 11479 kWh/jaar

1T10F: 0.6103 / jaarP: 383 min / jaar

UNM4.2


NGE: 11479 kWh/jaar

1T09F: 0.6103 / jaarP: 383 min / jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 0 8F: 0.6103 / jaarP: 383 min / jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6401 /jaar


1T03F: 0.6401 / jaarP: 614 min / jaar

UNM4.2


NGE: 18425 kWh/jaar

1T02F: 0.6401 / jaarP: 614 min / jaar

UNM4.2


1T07F: 0.6103 / jaarP: 383 min / jaar

UNM4.2



UNM4.2


NGE: 12749 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2



UNM4.2F: 0.6145 /jaar



UNM4.2


NGE: 18425 kWh/jaar

1 T 0 1F : 0 .6401 / j aa rP: 614 min/jaar

UNM4.2



UNM4.2F: 0.6401 /jaar



UNM4.2


NGE: 18425 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 12749 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2



UNM4.2F: 0.6145 /jaar



UNM4.2



UNM4.2



UNM4.2



UNM4.2F: 0.6104 /jaar



UNM4.2


NGE: 17178 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2



UNM4.2F: 0.6361 /jaar



UNM4.2


NGE: 17178 kWh/jaar

1 T 0 8F: 0.6361 / jaarP: 573 min/jaar

UNM4.2



UNM4.2



UNM4.2F: 0.6104 /jaar



UNM4.2


1T07F: 0.6401 /jaarP: 614 min / jaar

UNM4.2


NGE: 12749 kWh/jaar

1 T 0 4F : 0 .6145 / j aa rP: 425 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 0 3F : 0 .6145 / j aa rP: 425 min/jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6145 /jaar


1 T 0 2F : 0 .6145 / j aa rP: 425 min/jaar

UNM4.2


NGE: 18425 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


1 T 1 0F : 0 .6401 / j aa rP: 614 min/jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6401 /jaar


1 T 0 9F : 0 .6401 / j aa rP: 614 min/jaar

UNM4.2


NGE: 18425 kWh/jaar

1 T 0 8F : 0 .6401 / j aa rP: 614 min/jaar

UNM4.2


NGE: 12749 kWh/jaar

1 T 0 4F : 0 .6145 / j aa rP: 425 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 0 3F : 0 .6145 / j aa rP: 425 min/jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6145 /jaar


1 T 0 2F : 0 .6145 / j aa rP: 425 min/jaar

0T00F: 0.5720 / jaarP : 79 m in / j aa r

VNETF: 0.0012 / jaar

P: 18 min / jaar

onshore_150F: 0.0012 /jaarP : 18 m in / j aa r

UNM4.2F: 0.6107 /jaar


1T07F: 0.6107 /jaarP: 17416 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T04F: 0.6405 /jaarP: 17648 min/ jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6405 /jaar


1T03F: 0.6405 /jaarP: 17648 min/ jaar

UNM4.2



1T02F: 0.6405 /jaarP: 17648 min/ jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 0 1F : 0 .6107 / j aa rP: 17416 min/jaar

0T00

F: 0.5724 /jaarP: 17112 min/ jaar

of fshore_150F: 0.5698 / jaar

P: 17105 min/ jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6107 /jaar


1T10F: 0.6107 /jaarP: 17416 min/ jaar

UNM4.2



1T09F: 0.6107 /jaarP: 17416 min/ jaar

UNM4.2


1T08F: 0.6107 /jaarP: 17416 min/jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6405 /jaar


1T03F: 0.6405 /jaarP: 17648 min/ jaar

UNM4.2



1T02F: 0.6405 /jaarP: 17648 min/ jaar

UNM4.2



1 T 0 7F: 0.6107 / jaarP: 17416 min/ jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6067 /jaar


1T07F: 0.6067 /jaarP: 17374 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T04F: 0.6365 /jaarP: 17606 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T03F: 0.6365 /jaarP: 17606 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T02F: 0.6365 /jaarP: 17606 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T01F: 0.6067 / jaarP: 17374 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T10F: 0.6067 /jaarP: 17374 min/jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6067 /jaar


1T09F: 0.6067 /jaarP: 17374 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T08F: 0.6067 / jaarP: 17374 min/ jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6365 /jaar


1T03F: 0.6365 /jaarP: 17606 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T02F: 0.6365 /jaarP: 17606 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T07F : 0 .6067 / j aa rP: 17374 min/jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6107 /jaar


1T07F: 0.6107 /jaarP: 17416 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T04F: 0.6405 / jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6405 /jaar


1T03F: 0.6405 / jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T02F: 0.6405 / jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T01F: 0.6107 / jaarP: 17416 min/jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6107 /jaar


1T10F: 0.6107 / jaarP: 17416 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T09F: 0.6107 / jaarP: 17416 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 0 8F: 0.6107 / jaarP: 17416 min/ jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6405 /jaar


1T03F: 0.6405 / jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T02F: 0.6405 / jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T07F: 0.6107 / jaarP: 17416 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T07F: 0.6405 /jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6149 /jaar


1T04F: 0.6149 /jaarP: 17458 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T03F: 0.6149 /jaarP: 17458 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T02F: 0.6149 /jaarP: 17458 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1 T 0 1F : 0 .6405 / j aa rP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T10F: 0.6405 /jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T09F: 0.6405 /jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T08F: 0.6405 /jaarP: 17648 min/ jaar

UNM4.2



1T04F: 0.6149 /jaarP: 17458 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T03F: 0.6149 /jaarP: 17458 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T02F: 0.6149 /jaarP: 17458 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T07F: 0.6365 /jaarP: 17606 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T04F: 0.6108 / jaarP: 17417 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T03F: 0.6108 / jaarP: 17417 min/jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6108 /jaar


1T02F: 0.6108 / jaarP: 17417 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T01F: 0.6365 / jaarP: 17606 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T10F: 0.6365 / jaarP: 17606 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T09F: 0.6365 / jaarP: 17606 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T08F: 0.6365 /jaarP: 17606 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T04F: 0.6108 / jaarP: 17417 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T03F: 0.6108 / jaarP: 17417 min/jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6108 /jaar


1T02F: 0.6108 / jaarP: 17417 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1T07F: 0.6405 /jaarP: 17648 min/ jaar

UNM4.2F: 0.6149 /jaar


1 T 0 4F : 0 .6149 / j aa rP: 17458 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 0 3F : 0 .6149 / j aa rP: 17458 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 0 2F : 0 .6149 / j aa rP: 17458 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1T01F: 0.6405 / jaarP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 1 0F : 0 .6405 / j aa rP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 0 9F : 0 .6405 / j aa rP: 17648 min/jaar

UNM4.2



1 T 0 8F : 0 .6405 / j aa rP: 17648 min/ jaar

UNM4.2



1 T 0 4F : 0 .6149 / j aa rP: 17458 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 0 3F : 0 .6149 / j aa rP: 17458 min/jaar

UNM4.2


1 T 0 2F : 0 .6149 / j aa rP: 17458 min/jaar

0T00F: 0.5724 / jaar

P: 17112 min/ jaar





























































P: 1780 min/jaar








UNM4.2


NGE: 95634 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2



UNM4.2


NGE: 93120 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 93120 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 93120 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 93120 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 83064 kWh/jaar



UNM4.2


NGE: 95449 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2



P: 2045 min/jaar

UNM4.2


NGE: 95449 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 95449 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2



UNM4.2


NGE: 95634 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 95634 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 95634 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 95634 kWh/jaar



UNM4.2


NGE: 95634 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 95634 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 95634 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 93120 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 93120 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 93120 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 93120 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 83064 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 95634 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 93120 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 83064 kWh/jaar

1T06F: 0.2055 /jaar

P: 1780 min/jaar

UNM4.2


NGE: 93120 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 93120 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 93120 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 93119 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 93119 kWh/jaar

1T06F: 0.2323 /jaar

P: 1995 min/jaar

UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2




UNM4.2



UNM4.2


NGE: 93120 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2



P: 1995 min/jaar

UNM4.2


NGE: 93120 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 93120 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 83064 kWh/jaar

2T13F: 0.2055 /jaar

P: 1780 min/jaar

UNM4.2


NGE: 93120 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 93120 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 93120 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 83064 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 93119 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 93119 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 93119 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 95634 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 95634 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 95634 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 95634 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 95634 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 93120 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 88099 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 88099 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 95641 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 95641 kWh/jaar


UNM4.2


NGE: 95641 kWh/jaar








SYSTEM 10: dowec 4.2_202_jbz

















































P: 2006 min/jaar



U1G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U1G08_NM4.2




U1G07_NM4.2




U1G06_NM4.2




U1G05_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


SHORE_34_01F: 0.0574 /jaarP: 275 min/jaar

U1G04_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U1G03_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U1G02_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


SHORE_34_02F: 0.0574 /jaarP: 275 min/jaar




U2G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar

2T01F: 0.2347 /jaar

P: 2006 min/jaar

U2G01_NM4.2




U2G01_NM4.2




U2G01_NM4.2




U2G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U2G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U2G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U2G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U3G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U3G01_NM4.2




U3G01_NM4.2




U3G01_NM4.2




U3G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U3G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U3G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U3G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U4G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar

4T01F: 0.2347 /jaar

P: 2006 min/jaar

U4G01_NM4.2




U4G01_NM4.2




U4G01_NM4.2




U4G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U4G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U4G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U4G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U5G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar

5T01F: 0.2347 /jaar

P: 2006 min/jaar

U5G01_NM4.2




U5G01_NM4.2




U5G01_NM4.2




U5G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U5G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U5G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U5G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U6G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar

6T01F: 0.2347 /jaar

P: 2006 min/jaar

U6G01_NM4.2




U6G01_NM4.2




U6G01_NM4.2




U6G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U6G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U6G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar


U6G01_NM4.2


NGE: 93620 kWh/jaar

















































P: 5977 min/jaar







U1G07_NM4.2




U1G06_NM4.2




U1G05_NM4.2




U1G04_NM4.2




park_34_01F: 0.2345 /jaarP: 5945 min/jaar

park_150F: 0.2102 /jaar

P: 5771 min/jaar

U1G03_NM4.2




U1G02_NM4.2




U1G01_NM4.2




V NETF: 0.0004 /jaarP: 6 min/jaar


U2G07_NM4.2




U2G06_NM4.2




U2G05_NM4.2




U2G04_NM4.2




U2G03_NM4.2




U2G02_NM4.2




U2G01_NM4.2




U3G07_NM4.2




U3G06_NM4.2




U3G05_NM4.2




U3G04_NM4.2




U3G03_NM4.2




U3G02_NM4.2




U3G01_NM4.2




U4G08_NM4.2



4T08F: 0.2530 /jaar

P: 6020 min/jaar

U4G01_NM4.2




U4G02_NM4.2




U4G03_NM4.2




U4G04_NM4.2




U4G05_NM4.2




U4G06_NM4.2




U4G07_NM4.2




U5G08_NM4.2



5T08F: 0.2527 /jaar

P: 6017 min/jaar

U5G01_NM4.2




U5G02_NM4.2




U5G03_NM4.2




U5G04_NM4.2




U5G05_NM4.2




U5G06_NM4.2




U5G07_NM4.2




U5G08_NM4.2



6T08F: 0.2530 /jaar

P: 6020 min/jaar

U5G01_NM4.2




U5G02_NM4.2




U5G03_NM4.2




U5G04_NM4.2




U5G05_NM4.2




U5G06_NM4.2




U5G07_NM4.2





U1G08_NM4.2




U2G08_NM4.2




U3G08_NM4.2






SYSTEM 12, 13 and 14: dowec 4.2_604_traf






























































































































P: 224 min/jaar
























P: 224 min/jaar

smitt200MVA150/34/34F: 0.5747 /jaarP : 180 m in / j aa r



U1G07_NM4.2


NGE: 11980 kWh/jaar


U1G06_NM4.2


NGE: 11980 kWh/jaar


U1G05_NM4.2


NGE: 11980 kWh/jaar


U1G04_NM4.2


NGE: 10307 kWh/jaar



U1G03_NM4.2


NGE: 10307 kWh/jaar


U1G02_NM4.2

F: 0.5849 / jaarP : 221 m in / j aa r

NGE: 10307 kWh/jaar


U1G01_NM4.2


NGE: 10307 kWh/jaar


U2G07_NM4.2


NGE: 11768 kWh/jaar


U2G06_NM4.2


NGE: 11768 kWh/jaar


U2G05_NM4.2


NGE: 11768 kWh/jaar


U2G04_NM4.2


NGE: 10095 kWh/jaar


U2G03_NM4.2


NGE: 10095 kWh/jaar


U2G02_NM4.2

F: 0.5845 /jaarP : 216 m in / j aa r

NGE: 10095 kWh/jaar


U2G01_NM4.2


NGE: 10095 kWh/jaar


U3G07_NM4.2

F: 0.5941 / jaarP : 257 m in / j aa r

NGE: 11980 kWh/jaar


U3G06_NM4.2

F: 0.5941 / jaarP : 257 m in / j aa r

NGE: 11980 kWh/jaar


U3G05_NM4.2

F: 0.5941 / jaarP : 257 m in / j aa r

NGE: 11980 kWh/jaar


U3G04_NM4.2

F: 0.5849 / jaarP : 221 m in / j aa r

NGE: 10307 kWh/jaar


U3G03_NM4.2

F: 0.5849 / jaarP : 221 m in / j aa r

NGE: 10307 kWh/jaar


U3G02_NM4.2


NGE: 10307 kWh/jaar


U3G01_NM4.2

F: 0.5849 / jaarP : 221 m in / j aa r

NGE: 10307 kWh/jaar


U4G08_NM4.2


NGE: 11980 kWh/jaar

4T08F: 0.5941 /jaar

P : 257 m in / j aa r

U4G01_NM4.2


NGE: 10121 kWh/jaar


U4G02_NM4.2


NGE: 10121 kWh/jaar


U4G03_NM4.2


NGE: 10121 kWh/jaar


U4G04_NM4.2


NGE: 11980 kWh/jaar


U4G05_NM4.2


NGE: 11980 kWh/jaar


U4G06_NM4.2

F: 0.5941 / jaarP : 257 m in / j aa r

NGE: 11980 kWh/jaar


U4G07_NM4.2


NGE: 11980 kWh/jaar


U5G08_NM4.2


NGE: 11768 kWh/jaar

5T08F: 0.5936 /jaar

P: 252 min/jaar

U5G01_NM4.2


NGE: 9909 kWh/jaar


U5G02_NM4.2


NGE: 9909 kWh/jaar


U5G03_NM4.2


NGE: 9909 kWh/jaar


U5G04_NM4.2


NGE: 11768 kWh/jaar


U5G05_NM4.2


NGE: 11768 kWh/jaar


U5G06_NM4.2


NGE: 11768 kWh/jaar


U5G07_NM4.2


NGE: 11768 kWh/jaar


U5G08_NM4.2

F: 0.5941 /jaarP : 257 m in / j aa r

NGE: 11980 kWh/jaar

6T08F: 0.5941 /jaar

P : 257 m in / j aa r

U5G01_NM4.2

F: 0.5831 /jaarP : 217 m in / j aa r

NGE: 10121 kWh/jaar

6T01F: 0.5831 /jaarP : 217 m in / j aa r

U5G02_NM4.2

F: 0.5831 /jaarP : 217 m in / j aa r

NGE: 10121 kWh/jaar

6T02F: 0.5831 /jaarP : 217 m in / j aa r

U5G03_NM4.2

F: 0.5831 /jaarP : 217 m in / j aa r

NGE: 10121 kWh/jaar

6T03F: 0.5831 /jaarP : 217 m in / j aa r

U5G04_NM4.2

F: 0.5941 /jaarP : 257 m in / j aa r

NGE: 11980 kWh/jaar


U5G05_NM4.2

F: 0.5941 /jaarP : 257 m in / j aa r

NGE: 11980 kWh/jaar

6T05F: 0.5941 /jaarP : 257 m in / j aa r

U5G06_NM4.2


NGE: 11980 kWh/jaar

6T06F: 0.5941 /jaarP : 257 m in / j aa r

U5G07_NM4.2

F: 0.5941 /jaarP : 257 m in / j aa r

NGE: 11980 kWh/jaar

6T07F: 0.5941 /jaarP : 257 m in / j aa r


U1G08_NM4.2


NGE: 11980 kWh/jaar


U2G08_NM4.2


NGE: 11768 kWh/jaar


U3G08_NM4.2

F: 0.5941 / jaarP : 257 m in / j aa r

NGE: 11980 kWh/jaar


1offshore_150F: 0.5694 /jaarP : 71 m in / j aa r


offshore_150F: 0.5698 /jaarP : 83 m in / j aa r

VNET



offshore_150F: 0.5698 / jaarP: 83 min/jaar

onshore_150F: 0.0012 /jaarP : 18 m in / j aa r

U1G07_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U1G06_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U1G05_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U1G04_NM4.2


NGE: 10868 kWh/jaar

1T04F: 0.5853 /jaarP : 233 m in / j aa r

park_34_01F: 0.5759 / jaarP: 194 min/jaar

U1G03_NM4.2


NGE: 10868 kWh/jaar


U1G02_NM4.2


NGE: 10868 kWh/jaar


U1G01_NM4.2


NGE: 10868 kWh/jaar


U2G07_NM4.2


NGE: 12330 kWh/jaar


U2G06_NM4.2


NGE: 12330 kWh/jaar


U2G05_NM4.2


NGE: 12330 kWh/jaar


U2G04_NM4.2


NGE: 10657 kWh/jaar

2T04F: 0.5849 /jaarP : 228 m in / j aa r

U2G03_NM4.2


NGE: 10657 kWh/jaar


U2G02_NM4.2

F: 0.5849 /jaarP : 228 m in / j aa r

NGE: 10657 kWh/jaar


U2G01_NM4.2


NGE: 10657 kWh/jaar


U3G07_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U3G06_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U3G05_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U3G04_NM4.2


NGE: 10868 kWh/jaar


U3G03_NM4.2


NGE: 10868 kWh/jaar


U3G02_NM4.2

F: 0.5853 /jaarP : 233 m in / j aa r

NGE: 10868 kWh/jaar


U3G01_NM4.2


NGE: 10868 kWh/jaar


U1G08_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U2G08_NM4.2


NGE: 12330 kWh/jaar


U3G08_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U1G07_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U1G06_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U1G05_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U1G04_NM4.2


NGE: 10868 kWh/jaar

1T04F: 0.5853 /jaarP : 233 m in / j aa r


U1G03_NM4.2


NGE: 10868 kWh/jaar


U1G02_NM4.2


NGE: 10868 kWh/jaar


U1G01_NM4.2


NGE: 10868 kWh/jaar


U2G07_NM4.2


NGE: 12330 kWh/ jaar


U2G06_NM4.2




U2G05_NM4.2




U2G04_NM4.2




U2G03_NM4.2




U2G02_NM4.2

F: 0.5849 / jaarP : 228 m in / j aa r

NGE: 10657 kWh/jaar


U2G01_NM4.2




U3G07_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U3G06_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U3G05_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U3G04_NM4.2


NGE: 10868 kWh/jaar


U3G03_NM4.2


NGE: 10868 kWh/jaar


U3G02_NM4.2


NGE: 10868 kWh/jaar


U3G01_NM4.2


NGE: 10868 kWh/jaar


U1G08_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U2G08_NM4.2




U3G08_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U4G08_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar

4T08F: 0.5945 / jaar

P : 269 m in / j aa r

U4G01_NM4.2


NGE: 10683 kWh/jaar


U4G02_NM4.2


NGE: 10683 kWh/jaar


U4G03_NM4.2


NGE: 10683 kWh/jaar


U4G04_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar

4T04F: 0.5945 /jaarP : 269 m in / j aa r

U4G05_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U4G06_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U4G07_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U5G08_NM4.2




U5G01_NM4.2




U5G02_NM4.2




U5G03_NM4.2




U5G04_NM4.2




U5G05_NM4.2




U5G06_NM4.2

F: 0.5940 /jaarP : 264 m in / j aa r

NGE: 12330 kWh/jaar


U5G07_NM4.2




U5G08_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar

6T08F: 0.5945 /jaar

P: 269 min/jaar

U5G01_NM4.2


NGE: 10683 kWh/jaar


U5G02_NM4.2


NGE: 10683 kWh/jaar


U5G03_NM4.2


NGE: 10683 kWh/jaar


U5G04_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U5G05_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U5G06_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U5G07_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


park_34_02F: 0.5759 /jaarP : 194 m in / j aa r

U4G08_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U4G01_NM4.2


NGE: 10683 kWh/jaar


U4G02_NM4.2


NGE: 10683 kWh/jaar


U4G03_NM4.2


NGE: 10683 kWh/jaar


U4G04_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar

4T04F: 0.5945 /jaarP : 269 m in / j aa r

U4G05_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U4G06_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U4G07_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U5G08_NM4.2


NGE: 12330 kWh/jaar


U5G01_NM4.2


NGE: 10471 kWh/jaar


U5G02_NM4.2


NGE: 10471 kWh/jaar


U5G03_NM4.2


NGE: 10471 kWh/jaar


U5G04_NM4.2


NGE: 12330 kWh/jaar

5T04F: 0.5940 /jaarP : 264 m in / j aa r

U5G05_NM4.2


NGE: 12330 kWh/jaar


U5G06_NM4.2

F: 0.5940 /jaarP : 264 m in / j aa r

NGE: 12330 kWh/jaar


U5G07_NM4.2


NGE: 12330 kWh/jaar


U5G08_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar

6T08F: 0.5945 / jaar

P : 269 m in / j aa r

U5G01_NM4.2


NGE: 10683 kWh/jaar


U5G02_NM4.2


NGE: 10683 kWh/jaar


U5G03_NM4.2


NGE: 10683 kWh/jaar


U5G04_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U5G05_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U5G06_NM4.2

F: 0.5945 /jaarP : 269 m in / j aa r

NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar


U5G07_NM4.2


NGE: 12542 kWh/jaar









































P: 5987 min/jaar




U1G06_NM6




U1G05_NM6




U1G04_NM6





park_150F: 0.2098 /jaar

P: 5768 min/jaar

U1G03_NM6




U1G02_NM6




U1G01_NM6





U2G06_NM6




U2G05_NM6




U2G04_NM6



2 T 0 4F: 0.2461 /jaarP: 5991 min/jaar

U2G03_NM6




U2G02_NM6




U2G01_NM6




U3G06_NM6



3 T 0 6F: 0.2513 /jaarP: 6016 min/jaar

U3G05_NM6



3 T 0 5F: 0.2513 /jaarP: 6016 min/jaar

U3G04_NM6




U3G03_NM6



3 T 0 3F: 0.2465 /jaarP: 5996 min/jaar

U3G02_NM6



3 T 0 2F: 0.2465 /jaarP: 5996 min/jaar

U3G01_NM6



3 T 0 1F: 0.2465 /jaarP: 5996 min/jaar

U4G01_NM6




U4G02_NM6




U4G03_NM6




U4G04_NM6




U4G05_NM6




U4G06_NM6




U5G01_NM6




U5G02_NM6




U5G03_NM6




U5G04_NM6



5 T 0 4F: 0.2508 /jaarP: 6011 min/jaar

U5G05_NM6




U5G06_NM6




U5G01_NM6



6 T 0 1F: 0.2447 /jaarP: 5992 min/jaar

U5G02_NM6



6 T 0 2F: 0.2447 /jaarP: 5992 min/jaar

U5G03_NM6



6 T 0 3F: 0.2447 /jaarP: 5992 min/jaar

U5G04_NM6




U5G05_NM6



6 T 0 5F: 0.2513 /jaarP: 6016 min/jaar

U5G06_NM6



6 T 0 6F: 0.2513 /jaarP: 6016 min/jaar




SYSTEM 16, 17 and 18: dowec 6.0_666_traf







F: 0.5944 /jaarP : 17299 min / jaa r

F: 0.5944 /jaarP : 17299 min / jaa r

F: 0.5892 / jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r

F: 0.5892 /jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r

F: 0.5892 /jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r


F: 0.5939 / jaarP: 17294 min/jaar



F: 0.5887 / jaarP: 17269 min/jaar

F: 0.5887 / jaarP: 17269 min/jaar

F: 0.5944 /jaarP : 17299 min / jaa r

F: 0.5944 /jaarP : 17299 min / jaa r

F: 0.5892 / jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r

F: 0.5892 /jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r

F: 0.5892 /jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r



F: 0.5883 / jaarP : 17273 min / jaa r

F: 0.5883 / jaarP : 17273 min / jaa r

F: 0.5883 / jaarP : 17273 min / jaa r

F: 0.5953 / jaarP : 17301 min / jaa r

F: 0.5953 / jaarP : 17301 min / jaa r

F: 0.5878 /jaarP : 17268 min / jaa r

F: 0.5878 /jaarP : 17268 min / jaa r

F: 0.5878 /jaarP : 17268 min / jaa r

F: 0.5948 / jaarP: 17296 min/jaar

F: 0.5948 /jaarP : 17296 min / jaa r

F: 0.5883 / jaarP: 17273 min/jaar

F: 0.5883 / jaarP: 17273 min/jaar

F: 0.5883 / jaarP: 17273 min/jaar




F: 0.5883 /jaarP : 17273 min / jaa rF: 0.5878 /jaar

P : 17268 min / jaa r












F: 0.5940 /jaarP : 265 m in / j aa r



F: 0.5888 /jaarP : 241 m in / j aa r

F: 0.5888 /jaarP : 241 m in / j aa r

F: 0.5883 /jaarP : 236 m in / j aa r

F: 0.5888 /jaarP : 241 m in / j aa r

F: 0.5944 / jaarP: 17299 min/jaar



F: 0.5892 / jaarP: 17274 min/jaar

F: 0.5892 / jaarP: 17274 min/jaar


F: 0.5939 /jaarP : 17294 min / jaa r

F: 0.5939 /jaarP : 17294 min / jaa r

F: 0.5887 / jaarP : 17269 min / jaa r

F: 0.5887 /jaarP : 17269 min / jaa r

F: 0.5887 /jaarP : 17269 min / jaa r

F: 0.5944 / jaarP : 17299 min / jaa r

F: 0.5944 / jaarP: 17299 min/jaar


F: 0.5892 / jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r

F: 0.5892 / jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r

F: 0.5887 / jaarP : 17269 min / jaa r

F: 0.5892 / jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r

















F: 0.5879 /jaarP : 239 m in / j aa rF: 0.5874 /jaar

P : 234 m in / j aa r

F: 0.5883 /jaarP : 17273 min / jaa r

F: 0.5883 /jaarP : 17273 min / jaa r

F: 0.5883 /jaarP : 17273 min / jaa r

F: 0.5953 /jaarP : 17301 min / jaa r

F: 0.5953 /jaarP : 17301 min / jaa r




F: 0.5948 /jaarP : 17296 min / jaa r


F: 0.5883 /jaarP : 17273 min / jaa r

F: 0.5883 /jaarP : 17273 min / jaa r

F: 0.5883 /jaarP : 17273 min / jaa r

F: 0.5953 / jaarP: 17301 min/jaar

F: 0.5953 / jaarP: 17301 min/jaar

F: 0.5883 /jaarP : 17273 min / jaa r

F: 0.5883 / jaarP: 17273 min/jaar

F: 0.5878 / jaarP : 17268 min / jaa r




smitt200MVA150/34/34F: 0.5751 / jaarP: 17213 min/jaar

smitt200MVA150/34/34F: 0.5747 /jaar

P: 180 min/jaar

smitt200MVA150/34/34F: 0.5751 /jaarP : 17213 min / jaa r

1offshore_150F: 0.5698 /jaar

P : 17105 min / jaa r


offshore_150F: 0.5694 / jaar

P: 71 min/jaar

VNET



offshore_150F: 0.5698 /jaar

P : 17105 min / jaa r


U1G06_NM6



1T06F: 0.5944 / jaarP : 17299 min / jaa r

U1G05_NM6



1T05F: 0.5944 / jaarP : 17299 min / jaa r

U1G04_NM6



1T04F: 0.5892 /jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r


U1G03_NM6



1T03F: 0.5892 / jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r

U1G02_NM6

F: 0.5892 / jaarP: 17274 min/jaar


1T02F: 0.5892 / jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r

U1G01_NM6



1T01F: 0.5892 / jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r

U2G06_NM6

F: 0.5939 / jaarP : 17294 min / jaa r


2T06F: 0.5939 /jaarP: 17294 min/jaar

U2G05_NM6

F: 0.5939 / jaarP : 17294 min / jaa r


2T05F: 0.5939 /jaarP: 17294 min/jaar

U2G04_NM6

F: 0.5887 / jaarP : 17269 min / jaa r


2T04F: 0.5887 / jaarP: 17269 min/jaar

U2G03_NM6

F: 0.5887 / jaarP : 17269 min / jaa r


2T03F: 0.5887 /jaarP: 17269 min/jaar

U2 G 0 2 _ N M 6

F: 0.5887 /jaarP : 17269 min / jaa r


2T02F: 0.5887 /jaarP: 17269 min/jaar

U2G01_NM6

F: 0.5887 / jaarP : 17269 min / jaa r


2T01F: 0.5887 /jaarP: 17269 min/jaar

U3 G 0 6 _ N M 6

F: 0.5944 /jaarP : 17299 min / jaa r


3T06F: 0.5944 /jaarP : 17299 min / jaa r

U3 G 0 5 _ N M 6

F: 0.5944 /jaarP : 17299 min / jaa r


3T05F: 0.5944 /jaarP : 17299 min / jaa r

U3 G 0 4 _ N M 6

F: 0.5892 /jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r


3T04F: 0.5892 /jaarP: 17274 min/jaar

U3 G 0 3 _ N M 6

F: 0.5892 /jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r


3T03F: 0.5892 /jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r

U3G02_NM6



3T02F: 0.5892 /jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r

U3 G 0 1 _ N M 6

F: 0.5892 /jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r


3T01F: 0.5892 /jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r

U4G01_NM6



4T01F: 0.5883 / jaarP: 17273 min/jaar

U4G02_NM6



4T02F: 0.5883 / jaarP: 17273 min/jaar

U4G03_NM6



4T03F: 0.5883 / jaarP: 17273 min/jaar

U4G04_NM6



4T04F: 0.5953 /jaarP : 17301 min / jaa r

U4G05_NM6



4T05F: 0.5953 / jaarP: 17301 min/jaar

U4G06_NM6

F: 0.5953 / jaarP: 17301 min/jaar


4T06F: 0.5953 / jaarP: 17301 min/jaar

U5G01_NM6

F: 0.5878 / jaarP : 17268 min / jaa r


5T01F: 0.5878 /jaarP: 17268 min/jaar

U5G02_NM6

F: 0.5878 / jaarP : 17268 min / jaa r


5T02F: 0.5878 /jaarP: 17268 min/jaar

U5G03_NM6

F: 0.5878 / jaarP : 17268 min / jaa r


5T03F: 0.5878 /jaarP: 17268 min/jaar

U5G04_NM6

F: 0.5948 / jaarP : 17296 min / jaa r


5T04F: 0.5948 /jaarP: 17296 min/jaar

U5G05_NM6

F: 0.5948 / jaarP : 17296 min / jaa r


5T05F: 0.5948 /jaarP: 17296 min/jaar

U5G06_NM6

F: 0.5948 /jaarP : 17296 min / jaa r


5T06F: 0.5948 /jaarP: 17296 min/jaar

U5 G 0 1 _ N M 6

F: 0.5883 /jaarP : 17273 min / jaa r


6T01F: 0.5883 /jaarP : 17273 min / jaa r

U5 G 0 2 _ N M 6

F: 0.5883 /jaarP : 17273 min / jaa r


6T02F: 0.5883 /jaarP : 17273 min / jaa r

U5 G 0 3 _ N M 6

F: 0.5883 /jaarP : 17273 min / jaa r


6T03F: 0.5883 /jaarP : 17273 min / jaa r

U5 G 0 4 _ N M 6

F: 0.5953 /jaarP : 17301 min / jaa r


6T04F: 0.5953 /jaarP : 17301 min / jaa r

U5 G 0 5 _ N M 6

F: 0.5953 /jaarP : 17301 min / jaa r


6T05F: 0.5953 /jaarP : 17301 min / jaa r

U5G06_NM6

F: 0.5953 / jaarP: 17301 min/jaar


6T06F: 0.5953 /jaarP : 17301 min / jaa r


U1G06_NM6


NGE: 17689 kWh/jaar


U1G05_NM6


NGE: 17689 kWh/jaar


U1G04_NM6


NGE: 16050 kWh/jaar



U1G03_NM6


NGE: 16050 kWh/jaar


U1G02_NM6


NGE: 16050 kWh/jaar


U1G01_NM6


NGE: 16050 kWh/jaar


U2G06_NM6


NGE: 17351 kWh/jaar


U2G05_NM6


NGE: 17351 kWh/jaar


U2G04_NM6


NGE: 15713 kWh/jaar


U2G03_NM6


NGE: 15713 kWh/jaar


U2 G 0 2 _ N M 6

F: 0.5883 /jaarP : 236 m in / j aa r

NGE: 15713 kWh/jaar


U2G01_NM6


NGE: 15713 kWh/jaar


U3 G 0 6 _ N M 6


NGE: 17689 kWh/jaar


U3 G 0 5 _ N M 6


NGE: 17689 kWh/jaar


U3 G 0 4 _ N M 6


NGE: 16050 kWh/jaar

3T04F: 0.5888 /jaarP : 241 m in / j aa r

U3 G 0 3 _ N M 6


NGE: 16050 kWh/jaar


U3G02_NM6


NGE: 16050 kWh/jaar


U3 G 0 1 _ N M 6


NGE: 16050 kWh/jaar


U1G06_NM6

F: 0.5944 / jaarP: 17299 min/jaar


1T06F: 0.5944 /jaarP: 17299 min/jaar

U1G05_NM6

F: 0.5944 / jaarP: 17299 min/jaar


1T05F: 0.5944 /jaarP: 17299 min/jaar

U1G04_NM6

F: 0.5892 / jaarP: 17274 min/jaar


1T04F: 0.5892 / jaarP: 17274 min/jaar

park_34_01F: 0.5786 /jaarP : 17224 min / jaa r

U1G03_NM6

F: 0.5892 / jaarP: 17274 min/jaar


1T03F: 0.5892 /jaarP: 17274 min/jaar

U1G02_NM6

F: 0.5892 /jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r


1T02F: 0.5892 /jaarP: 17274 min/jaar

U1G01_NM6

F: 0.5892 / jaarP: 17274 min/jaar


1T01F: 0.5892 /jaarP: 17274 min/jaar

U2G06_NM6



2T06F: 0.5939 / jaarP : 17294 min / jaa r

U2G05_NM6



2T05F: 0.5939 / jaarP : 17294 min / jaa r

U2G04_NM6



2T04F: 0.5887 /jaarP : 17269 min / jaa r

U2G03_NM6



2T03F: 0.5887 / jaarP : 17269 min / jaa r

U2G02_NM6



2T02F: 0.5887 / jaarP : 17269 min / jaa r

U2G01_NM6



2T01F: 0.5887 / jaarP : 17269 min / jaa r

U3G06_NM6

F: 0.5944 / jaarP: 17299 min/jaar


3T06F: 0.5944 /jaarP: 17299 min/jaar

U3G05_NM6

F: 0.5944 / jaarP: 17299 min/jaar


3T05F: 0.5944 /jaarP: 17299 min/jaar

U3G04_NM6

F: 0.5892 / jaarP: 17274 min/jaar


3T04F: 0.5892 / jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r

U3G03_NM6

F: 0.5892 / jaarP: 17274 min/jaar


3T03F: 0.5892 /jaarP: 17274 min/jaar

U3G02_NM6

F: 0.5892 / jaarP : 17274 min / jaa r


3T02F: 0.5892 /jaarP: 17274 min/jaar

U3G01_NM6

F: 0.5892 / jaarP: 17274 min/jaar


3T01F: 0.5892 /jaarP: 17274 min/jaar

U4G01_NM6


NGE: 15964 kWh/jaar


U4G02_NM6


NGE: 15964 kWh/jaar


U4G03_NM6


NGE: 15964 kWh/jaar


U4G04_NM6


NGE: 17868 kWh/jaar

4T04F: 0.5949 /jaarP : 268 m in / j aa r

U4G05_NM6


NGE: 17868 kWh/jaar


U4G06_NM6


NGE: 17868 kWh/jaar


U5G01_NM6


NGE: 15626 kWh/jaar


U5G02_NM6


NGE: 15626 kWh/jaar


U5G03_NM6


NGE: 15626 kWh/jaar


U5G04_NM6


NGE: 17530 kWh/jaar


U5G05_NM6


NGE: 17530 kWh/jaar


U5 G 0 6 _ N M 6

F: 0.5944 /jaarP : 263 m in / j aa r

NGE: 17530 kWh/jaar


U5 G 0 1 _ N M 6


NGE: 15964 kWh/jaar


U5 G 0 2 _ N M 6


NGE: 15964 kWh/jaar


U5 G 0 3 _ N M 6


NGE: 15964 kWh/jaar


U5 G 0 4 _ N M 6


NGE: 17868 kWh/jaar

6T04F: 0.5949 /jaarP : 268 m in / j aa r

U5 G 0 5 _ N M 6


NGE: 17868 kWh/jaar


U5G06_NM6


NGE: 17868 kWh/jaar



U4G01_NM6

F: 0.5883 / jaarP: 17273 min/jaar


4T01F: 0.5883 /jaarP: 17273 min/jaar

U4G02_NM6

F: 0.5883 / jaarP: 17273 min/jaar


4T02F: 0.5883 /jaarP: 17273 min/jaar

U4G03_NM6

F: 0.5883 / jaarP: 17273 min/jaar


4T03F: 0.5883 /jaarP: 17273 min/jaar

U4G04_NM6

F: 0.5953 / jaarP: 17301 min/jaar


4T04F: 0.5953 / jaarP: 17301 min/jaar

U4G05_NM6

F: 0.5953 / jaarP: 17301 min/jaar


4T05F: 0.5953 /jaarP: 17301 min/jaar

U4G06_NM6

F: 0.5953 /jaarP : 17301 min / jaa r


4T06F: 0.5953 /jaarP: 17301 min/jaar

U5 G 0 1 _ N M 6

F: 0.5878 /jaarP : 17268 min / jaa r


5T01F: 0.5878 /jaarP : 17268 min / jaa r

U5 G 0 2 _ N M 6

F: 0.5878 /jaarP : 17268 min / jaa r


5T02F: 0.5878 /jaarP : 17268 min / jaa r

U5 G 0 3 _ N M 6

F: 0.5878 /jaarP : 17268 min / jaa r


5T03F: 0.5878 /jaarP : 17268 min / jaa r

U5 G 0 4 _ N M 6

F: 0.5948 /jaarP : 17296 min / jaa r


5T04F: 0.5948 /jaarP : 17296 min / jaa r

U5 G 0 5 _ N M 6

F: 0.5948 /jaarP : 17296 min / jaa r


5T05F: 0.5948 /jaarP : 17296 min / jaa r

U5G06_NM6

F: 0.5948 / jaarP: 17296 min/jaar


5T06F: 0.5948 /jaarP : 17296 min / jaa r

U5G01_NM6

F: 0.5883 / jaarP: 17273 min/jaar


6T01F: 0.5883 /jaarP: 17273 min/jaar

U5G02_NM6

F: 0.5883 / jaarP: 17273 min/jaar


6T02F: 0.5883 /jaarP: 17273 min/jaar

U5G03_NM6

F: 0.5883 / jaarP: 17273 min/jaar


6T03F: 0.5883 /jaarP: 17273 min/jaar

U5G04_NM6

F: 0.5953 / jaarP: 17301 min/jaar


6T04F: 0.5953 / jaarP: 17301 min/jaar

U5G05_NM6

F: 0.5953 / jaarP: 17301 min/jaar


6T05F: 0.5953 /jaarP: 17301 min/jaar

U5G06_NM6

F: 0.5953 /jaarP : 17301 min / jaa r


6T06F: 0.5953 /jaarP: 17301 min/jaar


U4G06_NM6

F: 0.5813 / jaarP : 17231 min / jaa r


4T06F: 0.5813 / jaarP: 17231 min/jaar

U4G06_NM6

F: 0.5809 /jaarP : 197 m in / j aa r

NGE: 13150 kWh/jaar


U4G06_NM6F: 0.5813 /jaarP : 17231 min / jaa rNGE: 1148708 kWh/jaar

4T06F: 0.5813 /jaarP : 17231 min / jaa r



SYSTEM 19: HVDC 666MW

1100 m 3*150/32 pir offshor































1100 m 3*150/32 pir of fshor

1100 m 3*150/32 pir of fshor

1250 m 3*400/32 pir offshor 1250 m 3*400/32 pir offshor580 m 3*400/32 pir offshor




















































1250 m 3*400/32 pir offshor 1250 m 3*400/32 pir offshor580 m 3*400/32 pir of fshor









1100 m 3*150/32 pir of fshor







1250 m 3*400/32 pir offshor 1250 m 3*400/32 pir offshor





60000 m DC2*630/141 pir D_Bi

3000 m 3*630/150 pir offsho500 m 3*630/150 pir offsho

3000 m 3*630/150 pir offsho

60000 m DC2*630/141 pir D_Bi

smitt200MVA150/34/34smitt200MVA150/34/34

smitt200MVA150/34/34

1offshore_150 offshore_150

VNET

onshore_150

offshore_150

U1G06_NM66.5 MVA 1T06

U1G05_NM6

6.5 MVA1T05

U1G04_NM66.5 MVA

1T04

park_34_01

U1G03_NM6

6.5 MVA1T03

U1G02_NM6

6.5 MVA 1T02

U1G01_NM6

6.5 MVA1T01

U2G06_NM6

6 . 5 M V A2T06

U2G05_NM6

6 . 5 M V A 2T05

U2G04_NM6

6 . 5 M V A

2T04

U2G03_NM6

6 . 5 M V A2T03

U2G02_NM66.5 MVA

2T02

U2G01_NM6

6 . 5 M V A2T01

U3G06_NM66.5 MVA 3T06

U3G05_NM6

6.5 MVA3T05

U3G04_NM66.5 MVA

3T04

U3G03_NM6

6.5 MVA3T03

U3G02_NM6

6 . 5 M V A 3T02

U3G01_NM6

6.5 MVA3T01

U4G01_NM6

6 . 5 M V A4T01

U4G02_NM66 . 5 M V A

4T02

U4G03_NM6

6 . 5 M V A4T03

U4G04_NM66 . 5 M V A

4T04

U4G05_NM6

6 . 5 M V A4T05

U4G06_NM66.5 MVA 4T06

U5G01_NM6

6.5 MVA5T01

U5G02_NM6

6.5 MVA 5T02

U5G03_NM66.5 MVA

5T03

U5G04_NM6

6.5 MVA

5T04

U5G05_NM6

6.5 MVA5T05

U5G06_NM6

6 . 5 M V A 5T06

U5G01_NM6

6 . 5 M V A6T01

U5G02_NM66 . 5 M V A

6T02

U5G03_NM6

6 . 5 M V A6T03

U5G04_NM66 . 5 M V A

6T04

U5G05_NM6

6 . 5 M V A6T05

U5G06_NM66.5 MVA 6T06

park_34_02

U1G06_NM66.5 MVA 1T06

U1G05_NM6

6.5 MVA1T05

U1G04_NM66.5 MVA

1T04

park_34_01

U1G03_NM6

6.5 MVA1T03

U1G02_NM66.5 MVA 1T02

U1G01_NM6

6.5 MVA1T01

U2G06_NM6

6 . 5 M V A2T06

U2G05_NM66 . 5 M V A 2T05

U2G04_NM6

6 . 5 M V A

2T04

U2G03_NM6

6 . 5 M V A 2T03

U2G02_NM6

6.5 MVA2T02

U2G01_NM6

6 . 5 M V A 2T01

U3G06_NM66.5 MVA 3T06

U3G05_NM6

6.5 MVA3T05

U3G04_NM66.5 MVA

3 T 0 4

U3G03_NM6

6.5 MVA3T03

U3G02_NM66 . 5 M V A 3T02

U3G01_NM6

6.5 MVA3T01

U1G06_NM66 . 5 M V A 1T06

U1G05_NM6

6 . 5 M V A1T05

U1G04_NM66 . 5 M V A

1T04

park_34_01

U1G03_NM6

6 . 5 M V A1T03

U1G02_NM66.5 MVA 1T02

U1G01_NM6

6 . 5 M V A1T01

U2G06_NM6

6 . 5 M V A2T06

U2G05_NM66 . 5 M V A 2T05

U2G04_NM6

6 . 5 M V A

2T04

U2G03_NM6

6 . 5 M V A 2T03

U2G02_NM6

6.5 MVA2T02

U2G01_NM6

6 . 5 M V A 2T01

U3G06_NM66.5 MVA 3 T 0 6

U3G05_NM6

6.5 MVA3 T 0 5

U3G04_NM66.5 MVA

3 T 0 4

U3G03_NM6

6.5 MVA3 T 0 3

U3G02_NM66.5 MVA 3 T 0 2

U3G01_NM6

6.5 MVA3 T 0 1

U4G01_NM6

6 . 5 M V A 4T01

U4G02_NM6

6 . 5 M V A4T02

U4G03_NM6

6 . 5 M V A 4T03

U4G04_NM66 . 5 M V A

4 T 0 4

U4G05_NM6

6 . 5 M V A4T05

U4G06_NM66.5 MVA

4T06

U5G01_NM6

6 . 5 M V A5T01

U5G02_NM66 . 5 M V A 5T02

U5G03_NM6

6 . 5 M V A5T03

U5G04_NM66 . 5 M V A

5T04

U5G05_NM6

6 . 5 M V A5T05

U5G06_NM6

6.5 MVA 5T06

U5G01_NM6

6.5 MVA 6T01

U5G02_NM6

6.5 MVA6T02

U5G03_NM6

6.5 MVA 6T03

U5G04_NM66.5 MVA

6 T 0 4

U5G05_NM6

6.5 MVA6T05

U5G06_NM66 . 5 M V A

6T06

park_34_02

U4G01_NM66 . 5 M V A 4T01

U4G02_NM6

6 . 5 M V A4T02

U4G03_NM66 . 5 M V A 4T03

U4G04_NM6

6 . 5 M V A

4T04

U4G05_NM66 . 5 M V A 4T05

U4G06_NM6

6.5 MVA4T06

U5G01_NM6

6.5 MVA 5T01

U5G02_NM66.5 MVA

5T02

U5G03_NM6

6.5 MVA5T03

U5G04_NM6

6.5 MVA

5T04

U5G05_NM6

6.5 MVA5T05

U5G06_NM66.5 MVA

5T06

U5G01_NM66 . 5 M V A 6T01

U5G02_NM6

6 . 5 M V A6T02

U5G03_NM66 . 5 M V A 6T03

U5G04_NM6

6 . 5 M V A

6T04

U5G05_NM66 . 5 M V A 6T05

U5G06_NM6

6.5 MVA6T06

park_34_02

U4G06_NM66.5 MVA 4 T 0 6

U4G06_NM66.5 MVA

4T06

U4G06_NM66.5 MVA

4 T 0 6

onshore_150

HVDC_150



APPENDIX B SHORE CABLE CALCULATION EXAMPLE

For testing purposes a grid representing the connection to shore of an example wind farm will beinvestigated (see figure). The wind farm consists of two equal parts of 186MW, which feed into twoplatforms: the two square blocks at the top of the figure. The left platform connects to shore by a singlecable, “Left”, rated 186MW. The right hand platform is connected to shore by two cables, “Right” and“Spare”, both rated 186MW. The two offshore platforms are connected by ‘Link’ cable rated 186MW. Thecables to shore are 60km each. The bottom part of the figure represents two feed-in points of a singlesubstation at shore. The two feed-in points are always connected.

This example focuses on the reliability of the leftplatform. So the values F, D and P are the reliabilityvalues reported for the left wind farm only. Five cableand switch conditions will be investigated:1. The link between the platforms is open on both sides(switches C_1 and C_2 are both open). The connectionof the right platform to shore has no effect on the result.2. Switch C_1 is open and switch C_2 is closed. Incase of a cable failure on left platform, a bypass over thelink is now possible. However, detection, isolation andreconnection takes time.3. Same as 2, but spare cable open: no bypass possible.4. Same as 3 but two farms continuously connected bylink. No right side spare connection, so an overload willoccur if the power of left and right wind farm has to runover the right shore connection.5. All connections are closed: three cables available.

Remark: Each cable is protected by two switches, oneon each cable end. The reliability calculation only closes

one switch per cable. So an open//close condition can be closed but a open//open condition not.

Full load : L_1 // L_2 close//close , P-left = 185.4 MW P-right = 185.4 MWLinkPlatformC_1 // C_2

Right toShoreR_1 // R_2

Right spareTo shoreS_1 // S_2

F(/year)

D(min/event)

P(min /jaar)

remark

1 open//open No effect No effect 0.1723 14494 2498 Platform right is non existing for leftRepair only for left shore cable.NDE= 7718 MWh/yr

2 open//close close//close close//close 0.1723 1271 219 Bypass over rightUnless fault in rights or shore at thesame time. NDE= 677 MWh/yr

3 open//close close//close open//open 0.1723 14494 2498 No bypass possible -> overload ofright link NDE= 7718 MWh/yr

4 close//close close//close open//open 0.2876 16656 4791 Higher failure risk by constantconnected link cableNDE= 14803 MWh/yr

5 close//close close//close close//close 0.0596 3507 209 Full power over link and spareconnectionNDE= 646 MWh/yr

sk links shore

shorekabel links

sk links platf

shorekabel links

shorekabel links

shorekabel links

links -> rechts

sk rechts a shore

shorekabel rechts a

sk rechts a platf

shorekabel rechts a

shorekabel rechts a

shorekabel rechts a

sk rechts b platf

shorekabel rechts b

shorekabel rechts b

shorekabel rechts b

shorekabel rechts b

sk rechts b shore

platform 150kV

net

shore 150kV links

VGRID

shore 150kV voeding

MP50_150kV

platform 150kV

net

shore 150kV rechts

LEFT connection

Right windpark 186MWLEFT windpark 186MW

Right connectionSpare connection

LINK left-rightL_1

L_2

R_1

R_2

S_1C_1

S_2

C_2



For the third calculation example, it's important that the load flow calculation for the reliability is on, else theprogram will not detect an overload in bypass mode and the calculated availability will be to high

Conditions 1 and 3 give the same result, as could be expected. Condition 4 is worse, due to the effect of afailure at the right platform causing an overload on the left cable to shore. Conditions 2 and 5 improve thereliability by adding a spare cable at the left platform. Condition 5 is best since it does not involve a switchoperation.

Next, the effect of the same five cable and switch conditions will be investigated for two part-loadconditions: 75% of total rated power (left farm at half load) and 50% of total rated power (both farms at halfload):

Part load at 75%: L_1 // L_2 close//close , P-left = 91 MW P-right = 186 MWLinkPlatformC_1 // C_2



F(/year)

D(min/event)

P(min /jaar)

remark

1 open//open No effect No effect 0.1723 14494 2498 Platform right is non existingCable repair only.NDE= 3746 MWh/yr

2 open//close close//close close//close 0.1723 1271 219 Bypass over right + spare NDE= 328 MWh/yr

3 open//close close//close open//open 0.1723 14495 2498 No bypass possible -> overload ofright. NDE= 3746 MWh/yr

4 close//close close//close open//open 0.2876 16656 4791 Higher failure risk by link cable. Noavailability increase due to overloadof remaining cableNDE= 7186 MWh/yr

5 close//close close//close close//close 0.0596 3507 209 By link left / right & spare cablepower can run over connection rightNo contribution to the failure rate orthe left platformNDE= 313 MWh/yr

Compared to the full load situation, the failure rates F and durations D and P have not changed. Due to thereduced power of the left park, the not delivered energy NDE of all options has dropped by about half.

Part load at 50%: L_1 // L_2 close//close , P-left = 91 MW P-right = 91 MWLinkPlatformC_1 // C_2



F(/year)

D(min/event)

P(min /jaar)

remark

1 open//open No effect No effect 0.1723 14494 2498 Platform right is non existingCable repair only.NDE= 3746 MWh/yr

2 open//close close//close close//close 0.1723 1271 219 Bypass over rightUnless fault in rights or shore at thesame time.NDE= 328 MWh/yr

3 open//close close//close open//open 0.1723 1271 219 Bypass over right is possibleNDE= 328 MWh/yr

4 close//close close//close open//open 0.0596 3508 209 Fast take over without switchingdelays , no overload of single cableNDE= 313 MWh/yr

5 close//close close//close close//close 0.0596 3507 209 By link left / right load can run overright or spareNDE= 313 MWh/yr



Compared to the 75% part load situation, the failure rates F and durations D and P of conditions 1, 2 and 5have not changed. Due to the further reduced power, now of the right hand park, the not delivered energyNDE of options 3 and 4 is reduced by a factor 10-20.

Conclusions

The availability of an always closed link between two platforms without transport over-capacity can lead toan increase as well as a decrease of reliability, depending on the produced power at the moment of failure:compare conditions 4 to conditions 1.

Opening one of the two switches in the link between the two platforms will increase the total availability(condition 3).

If extra ‘full’ transport capacity exists (conditions 2 and 5), it is best to close both switch on the linkbetween the platforms. For all load conditions availability is improved.

If extra ‘partial’ transport capacity exists, the optimal condition (link switch open or closed) depends on thepower at the time of failure.

If the production of both platforms is half the rated power, the total power production of the farm can goover the right shore cable if the link exists, which will raise the availability. Adding the spare cable makes nodifference for platform left. Please consider that it still makes sense for the right hand platform.

For a wind farm the reliability is thus dependent on the momentary power production. Behaviour is worstcase for production 100% and best for the case that the power can run over one shore connection

Base on previous we can conclude that it only makes sense to calculate the power ratings for the totalinstalled power in steps of the loading capacity of the shore cable

So a wind farm with 3 shore connections rated at … times the total park power, which are interconnected bylinks, will have 3 reliability steps for 3 loading situations or less.

>1/3P

>2/3

P full



APPENDIX C EXAMPLE FOR 150KV SHORE CABLE ( 3 LINES TO SHORE )

3000 m 3*630/150 pir offsho

60000 m 3*630/150 pir offsho

60000 m 3*630/150 pir offsho

60000 m 3*630/150 pir offsho 60000 m 3*630/150 pir offsho

3000 m 3*630/150 pir offsho

F: 0.0697 /jaarP: 255 min/jaarNGE: -807029 kWh/jaar

platform 150kVP: 255 min/jaar


shore 150kVP: 204 min/jaar

VF: 0.0570 /jaarP: 204 min/jaar

shore 150kV voedingP: 204 min/jaar











windpark 186MW windpark 186MWWindpark 186MW

The example consists of three windfarms connected to shore by 4 cables. Each cable can transport the power of a single farm. Thethree farm platforms, at the top of the figure, are linked by cables of the rated power of a farm.



Simulation results (P= non availability / year, NDE_tot= Not delivered energy of all park)

windpark 3 * 186MW cluster_1 cluster_2 cluster_3 NDE_totP (min/year) P (min/year) P (min/year) GWh/year

All farms 100% power, regular shore cables switched on

Spare cable switched on 255 255 255Spare cable switched on,one side isolated clusterlinks

262 257 262

One side isolated spare cable,one side isolated clusterlinks

1541 262 1541

Both sides isolated spare shore cable(= no spare shore cable), isolated clusterlinks

1541 1541 1541

All farms 50% power, regular shore cables switched on

Spare cable switched on 255 255 255 1.20Spare cable switched on,one side isolated clusterlinks

260 255 260 1.23

One side isolated spare cable,one side isolated clusterlinks

262 260 262 1.24

Both sides isolated spare shore cable(= no spare shore cable), isolated clusterlinks

262 260 262 1.24

No clusterlinks 1541 1541 1541 7.20

ConclusionThe spare shore cable will cost about 15MEuro and will save about 0.4MEuro/year (0.1 MEuro/GWh ) KLOPT NIET,WAARSCHIJNLIJKNGE FACTOR 1000 TE LAAG, since the average power will be about 50%. This is not economically feasible.

The links between the park platforms will cost only ~0.9MEuro, but make it possible to run up to 66% of the installed park power over 2remaining shore cable. This makes an average estimate of 0.3MEuro /year ??????? diference. so payback time is about 4 year

Documents

Dowec Grid Failure and Availability Calculation