Download the History Book

ConnectingthePast,Present,andFuture:MuhlenbergCollege

FourteenthEdition

SusanClemens‐BruderDepartmentofHistoryMuhlenbergCollege

Revisedin2012byCarolShinerWilson

DeanoftheCollegeforAcademicLife,Emerita

ConnectingthePast,Present,andFutureisdedicatedtothememoryofLindaL.Bowers(1943—2007),CollegeLibrarian,whosedeeploveoftheCollegeandremarkableknowledgeofitshistoryinspired

faculty,staffandstudentsalike.

Foreword ThefollowingisabriefhistoryofMuhlenbergCollege,pre‐sentedtoyouinanticipationofyourarrivalasamatriculatedMuhlenbergCollegeStudent.IthasbeenespeciallywrittenforyoubyaCollegewithover160yearsofcommitmenttoexcellenceineducation. WehopethatyouwillkeepthebookletasamementoofyourfirstdaysattheCollegeandthatyouwillrefertoitinthefu‐tureasyoucontinuetoexplorethecampusandreflectuponyourrolehere.Likeanyhistory,especiallyonesobrief,ithashadtobeselective.Weurgeyouthereforetotaketheopportunitytoex‐ploremoreandtoaddnotesandcommentsintheback. WehavecalledthishistoryConnectingthePast,Present,andFuture.WehopethatyoustarttomakethoseconnectionsyourselfasyoulearnaboutthetraditionsoftheCollegeandthinkabouthowyouwillparticipateinthosetraditionsoverthenextfouryears.Manyofthosetraditionsareconnectedtoourcommit‐menttoexcellenceinteachingandlearning,insidetheclassroomandbeyond,andtoleadershipopportunitiesinmanyrealmsforourstudents. Overthenextfouryears,youwillfindinfinitepossibilitiesforyoureducationinsideandoutsidetheclassroom,laboratoryandstudio.Youwillgrowanddevelopinwaysthatyou’llneverexperienceagain.Seekthechallenges.Investigatenewareas.Re‐flectuponyourexperiences.Learnfrommistakes.Commityour‐selftobeingasignificantmemberofthecollegecommunityandbeyond. AsyouembarkuponyourcareeratMuhlenberg,wehopeyouwillrememberthoseinvolvedinsharingwithyoutheirsto‐riesandattachmenttothisplace.YouwillbeaddingyourownimportantchaptertotheMuhlenbergstory. CarolShinerWilson,Ph.D. DeanofCollegeforAcademicLife, Emerita

MuhlenbergCollege

MissionStatement

Muhlenberg College aims to develop independentcriticalthinkerswhoareintellectuallyagile,characterizedbyazestforreasonedandcivildebate,committedtoun‐derstandingthediversityofthehumanexperience,abletoexpress ideas with clarity and grace, committed to life‐long learning,equippedwithethicalandcivicvalues,andprepared for livesof leadershipandservice. TheCollegeis committed to providing an intellectually rigorous un‐dergraduateeducationwithinthecontextofasupportive,diverseresidentialcommunity.Ourcurriculumintegratesthe traditional liberal artswith selected pre‐professionalstudies. Our faculty arepassionate about teaching, valueclose relationships with students, and are committed tothe pedagogical and intellectual importance of re‐search. Allmembersofourcommunityarecommittedtoeducating the whole person through experiences withinand beyond the classroom. Honoring its historical heri‐tagefromtheLutheranChurchanditscontinuingconnec‐tion with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America,Muhlenbergencourages,welcomesandcelebratesavari‐etyoffaithtraditionsandspiritualperspectives.

This history is designed to acquaint you with

Muhlenberg traditionsduringyour firstweeksat theCol‐

lege. It isalso,wehope,akeepsakeyouwill lookatfrom

time to time over the next four years and even after

graduation. As you read this short history of the College

that highlights traditions, people, and activities past andpresent,considerthatyouarenowanintrinsicpartofthecontinuingstoryandmissionofMuhlenbergCollege. Thebookletaimstohelpyouconnectwiththepastasyoube‐gintoshapethefuture.Forexample,canyouidentifyDoc

Shankweiler:thepersonandthebuilding?WhatbeautifullandmarkatMuhlenbergwasdesignedafteratoweratOx‐ford University? And why? What is Victor’s Lament?WhichFirstLadyoftheUnitedStatesreceivedanhonorarydegree from Muhlenberg and dedicated a Peace Gardenhere? What isa“dink”? WhatwasthemascotbeforetheMule?ThisbookletanswerstheseandotherquestionsforyousothatyouareabletolinkthepastwiththepresenttoprepareyouforthenextfouryearsatMuhlenbergCollege.1

Bestregardstoyouallasyoubeginwhatwillbean

excitingfour‐yearjourney.

SusanClemens‐BruderSeniorLecturer,History

“Thusthepast,withallitstraditionssodeartotheoldcollegestudent,wouldbelinkedwiththefuturewithallitshopesandpossibilities

ofdevelopment.”

Dr.TheodoreL.SeipMuhlenbergCollegePresident

1892

ConnectingthePast,Present,andFuture 1

PrecariousBeginnings:

EstablishingtheCollege

It’sdifficulttobelieve,asyoulookaroundandseeover2,000students and numerous academic, residential and athletic facilities,that Muhlenberg once had just four students and one all‐purpose

building.TheCollegebeganasaninstitutiontotrainteachers.Oneofthemenfosteringtheplan,theRev.SamuelK.Brobst,alsoenvisionedaschoolthatpreparedministers,doctors,andlawyers.2Thenewschool,named Allentown Seminary, occupied the property known as Trout

HallatFourthandWalnutStreets,Allentown.Thefirsttermbeganin1848withfourstudents.Attheendoftheyearthestudentpopulationgrewtoelevenandcontinuedtogrowsothatby1853reportsassuredthepublicthatenthusiasticapplicantshadtobeturnedaway.Thenewschoolwasasuccess.3

To ensure con‐tinued success, the semi‐nary nurtured good rela‐tionswiththecommunity

by opening some schoolorganizations to thepub‐lic. Students and localcitizens joined commu‐

nityatchurchservicesandplannedexcursions.Theseminarywasbecom‐inganintegralpartofthegrowingAllentowncommunity.4

Within a decade, financial strains led to administra‐tive restructuring of the school. Thenewboardof trustees included

many prominent men from Allentown. In 1864, they changed thenameof the institutiontotheAllentownCollegiateandMilitary Insti‐tute(duringtheCivilWaritwasstylishtobemilitary).5TheBoardofTrustees secured a charter from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

forall therightsandprivilegesofacollegeandtheabilitytoawardanewA.B.degreeat thesuccessful completionofa three‐year curricu‐lum.6

AllentownSeminary

ConnectingthePast,Present,andFuture2

The military nature of the College intensified. Its all‐malepopulationwasrequiredtoparticipateinmilitarydrills. Thestaff in‐cludedaProfessorofMilitaryTactics,anAssistant Instructor inDrill,

and a Professor of Military and Civil Engineering, and Polytechnics.OfficialU.S.infantryarmytacticsbecamepartoftheprescribedcourseofstudy.Butthisperiodwasshort‐lived.Theinstituteclosedin1867andwasofferedforsale.7

Rev.Brobstcontinuedtobeanardentsupporteroftheinstitu‐tioninbothitsmanifestations. Hesawanewpossibilityforthecam‐pusofthedefunctcollege.AsaPennsylvaniaGerman,aLutheranmin‐ister,andasupporterofthenewlyformedLutheranTheologicalSemi‐

naryatPhiladelphia,hebelievedthattheCollegeshouldrespondtotheincreasedneed forGermanLutheranclergy in theeasternpartof thestate.AlthoughGettysburgCollegeandTheologicalSeminaryhadbeenadequateinthepast,thenewseminaryinPhiladelphiamadeanother

Lutheran‐sponsoredcollegedesirable.8Brobst sought the support of the local Lutheran synod, the

Ministerium of Pennsylvania and Adjacent States. Another Board ofTrusteeswaselectedandthepropertyof thedefunctmilitarycollege

was bought. It is notsurprising, after the history of the institution’sfinancialdifficulties,thattheSynodbecamesqueamishoverthefinan‐cial obligation of the new undertaking, so a joint stock companyformedtospreadtherisk.9

TogivethenewcollegeadecidedlyLutheranassociation,thenameMuhlenbergwaschosen. Thenamecommemorated the acknowledged eight‐eenth‐centurypatriarchofLutheranismin

America, Henry Melchior Muhlenberg(1711‐1787).10 To tap further into theillustrious Muhlenberg family, the Boardof Trustees approached Henry’s great‐

grandson, Frederick Augustus Muhlen‐berg,D.D.toserveaspresidentoftheCol‐lege. After first declining, the Rev. Dr.Muhlenbergacceptedtheposition. OnSeptember1,1867theCollegeopened,andtwodayslater

theRev.Dr.Muhlenbergwasinaugurated.Onthatdaytheadministra‐

TheReverendHenryMelchiorMuhlenberg,Patriarchofthe

LutheranChurch


tion and faculty convened at St. John’s Lutheran Church, South FifthStreet,Allentown,wheretheAllentownBandledtheacademicenclavetotheCourtHousefortheinaugurationceremonyandanotherhopeful

beginning.11Thisband,establishedin1822,istheoldestcivicbandinthecountryandcontinuestoplayforMuhlenbergCollegecommence‐ments.

FrederickAugustusMuhlenberg,D.D.thefirstPresidentoftheCollege

MuhlenbergCollegecontinuesitsaffiliationwiththeEvangeli‐

calLutheranChurchinAmerica.Thestudentprofileofreligiousaffilia‐tionhaschangedovertheyears,however.Inthefallof2011,6.6%ofthestudentbody identifiedthemselvesasLutherans,17%wereProt‐estantsotherthanLutheran,31.3%wereCatholic,32.3%wereJewish,

and7%OtherFaithTraditions.Thebalancewerenonaffiliatedordidnotsubmitaresponsetothequestionnaire.12

FittingSettingfortheLifeoftheMind:

TheCampus

The ideal college campusprovides a setting conducive to re‐flection.ExceptfortherumorthatthefirstsiteofMuhlenbergCollegewashaunted,itseemsthatthelocationprovidedthenecessaryatmos‐


phere for calmstudy. AllentownSeminarywas located inamansionknownasTroutHall,stillsituatedatFourthandWalnutStreets. Thisdistinguishedfieldstonebuildinghadoriginallybelongedto JamesAl‐

len,sonofWilliamAllen,thefounderofAllentown. Asweepinglawnextended from thehouse to the south, andagroveof treesborderedthepropertytothenorth.Allaroundthepropertywerevacantfields.Severalstreamsfilledwithtroutflowednearby(hencethename).13All

ofthisishardtoimagineifyoustandtodayinthecenterofdowntownAllentown.

The bucolic imagery of mid‐nineteenth century MuhlenbergCollegeissomewhattarnishedbyotherrealitiesoftheperiod.Forex‐

ample,coaloilprovidednightlightingforthestudents.Coaloilisnoto‐riouslydirtyandsmelly,especiallywhenmanystudentsstayeduplateandliterallyburnedthemidnightoil.

Inaddition, theMuhlenberg campushousedhogsuntil1869.

Inthispre‐refrigerationera,peoplestayedclosetotheirsourceoffood.Since themeat of choice for Pennsylvania Germans of the Allentownareawaspork,theCollegeraisedpigs. Pigsalsoservedas livinggar‐bage disposal units, roaming freely and gobbling up refuse to keep

streetsclean.14The central Allentown campus sufficed in the early years of

theCollege, especially since the financesof theCollegewereat timesrathershaky. Substantialdonationshelpedtocreateastableendow‐

mentbase. In1879, thePresidentof theLehighValleyRailroad,AsaPacker, donated $30,000 for a professorship in natural and appliedsciences, and in 1881, James K. Mosser and Thomas Keck provided


$20,000 forachair inGreek languageand literature. These twogiftsset a precedent for financial support from outside the Ministerium.Whenitbecameapparentthattheoldcampuswasinadequate,further

fundraisingyielded$200,000.Thepresident,Dr.TheodoreSeip,envi‐sioned a large campus west of Allentown where buildings could beadded as necessary. He then promoted the idea of purchasing suchland15

In1900,AllentownBoroughendedat17thStreet,butonetrolleylinecontinuedontoAlbrightandChew.AnothertraveledthroughthevalleytoDorneyvilleandontoKutztown.Thismeantthattheextremewesternsuburbs of Allentown were accessible to day students. Amid some

grumblingandargument,theBoardofTrusteesagreedtobuyfifty‐oneacresoflandknownastheEphraimButzfarm.Thelimitsoftheprop‐ertyranfromtheCedarCreektoLibertyStreet.Itwasborderedontheeast by Henry

Leh’sfarmandonthe west by theDorney brothers’property.16

The deci‐sion tomovewasbrilliant. Thesuburban setting

provided ade‐quatespacefornewbuildingsandroomtoconstructthepark‐likeat‐mospherethatwepresentlyenjoy.Toblendtheoldwiththenew,thecornerstone of the former college was placed in the main building

(1903) of the new campus and read “Muhlenberg College Founded1848.” The building was gutted by a fire in 1947, the night beforeCommencement.Rebuilt,itwasnamedtheEttingerBuilding.17 Other early structures were East Hall (1903) andWest Hall

(1916). The latter housed a college preparatory school and thenserved as a men’s residence hall. Renovated for the first class ofwomenstudents,WestHallwaslaterrenamedBrownHall.

OneofthetrolleycarsthatservedthewesternsuburbsofAllentownin1905.OnetrolleylinewentasfarasPhiladelphia.


In addition to these structures, the JohnPeterGabrielHousewas built in 1905 as the President’s house. It currently houses theWescoe School of evening and summer studies, which celebrated its

hundredthyearofexistence2009‐10.Onetime‐honoredstoryassertsthat officials of theCollegeplanned for thehouse to be on the southsideofChewStreet. Ithasbeen reported thatworkbeganwhile thePresidentvacationed.Whenhereturned,significantconstructionhad

been completedat the current location so thehouse remained there.AsyoustandinfrontoftheJohnPeterGabrielMuhlenbergHouse,youmaywonder,“Whydidtheyputitthere?”Othershaveaskedthesamequestionwhich,mayexplainthestory.18

In January1905, theCollegeofficiallybegan itsnew termonthenewcampuswithtenfacultymembersandninety‐fourstudents.19The facilities served the structural needs of Muhlenberg College fortwodecades,butafterWorldWarI,moreyoungmenandwomenbe‐

cameinterestedinattendingcollege.By1928,enrollmentatMuhlen‐berg increasedsignificantlyto438students.Thefacilitiesalsoservednine hundred extension students, some of whom were female. In‐creasedenrollmentseverelystressedexistingfacilities.20

A planning committee determined that three new buildingswould be essential tomodernize the campus. Fund raising began tofinance the proposed library (currently the remodeled Haas CollegeCenter),asciencebuilding(nowtheTrumbowerScienceBuilding),and

Mainpartofcampusin1930showingtheScienceBuilding,theLibrary,andtheAdministrationBuilding.


achapel(theGideonF.EgnerMemorialChapel,partlyfinancedbyMrs.AnnieJ.EgnerHartzellinmemoryofherparents).21

Egner Chapel (1929‐31) is a gemof Gothic architecture. The

structureconnectswiththeChristianarchitecturalpastbutalsocele‐brates the rich secular and ecumenical traditions of intellectual life.Thevisitorwalkingdeeply intotheonehundredandninety‐four‐footsanctuaryseesartisticrenditionscommemoratingthesacredpast.The

ascendantChristdepictedinmarbleinlaidwithgoldadornsthemiddleentrancetothenave.Stained‐glasswindowsofrichblue,reminiscentoftheblueinChartresCathe‐dral, commemorate saints

andkeyfiguresoftheProtes‐tantReformationandmemo‐rialize leaders of Luther‐anisminAmerica.

The windows andother art closer to the maindoor and the outside worldfittingly depict secular life,

such as scenes from colonialAmerica and twentieth‐century student life.The laststained‐glass windows to

view before leaving thebuilding portray the tradi‐tionalartsandsciencesstud‐iedattheCollege.Inthehall‐

way at the back, on thewayto the Chaplain’s Office, thevisitorcanseeastainedglasswindowdepictingafootballplayerfromtheearlydaysattheCollege.

Themagnificent structure communicates the sacred and secular, thetraditionalandmodern,and it invitesthevisitor topursuethe futurerenewed by the chapel’s beauty. Music has always been importanthere, the firstorganwasa2,381‐pipeorgancomparable toorgansatYale andPrinceton, donatedby theWoman’sAuxiliary in 1931. The

Auxiliary, which will celebrate its 100th anniversary in 2015, has

InterioroftheGideonF.EgnerMemorialChapel


funded not only the organ but several student scholarships over theyears.TheChapelcontinuestobeafittingstructureforOpeningCon‐vocation, Honors Convocation and other important gatherings of the

collegecommunity.22Buildingcampaignstendtooccurinwavesof intenseactivity

followedbyfinancialretrenchment.TheDepressionandWorldWarIIslowed recovery from the flurry of construction that ended in 1930.

After the war, the demand for a college education soared partly be‐causeofbenefitsprovidedbytheG.I.Bill.23Bytheearly1950soperat‐ingcostsrose,andthestated tuitionchargesbecame inadequate. Tocover increased operating costs and increased stress on the physical

plant, the administration and Board of Directors considered anotherbuilding program. Once again the problem of insufficient financesthreatenedtothwarttheplanbecausetheCollegeincurredasizeabledeficiteachyear. OfficialsappealedtotheMinisteriumformoresup‐

port.Lutheransfromwithinandoutsidethesynodofferedsignificantsupport.TheU.S.SteelFoundation,GeneralFoods,andtheFordFoun‐

dation gave generous grants. Aterrifying crisis abated; a new

building program ensued, andconfidenceallowedtheCollegetoraise tuition and faculty sala‐ries.24

TheoneandahalfmilliondollarbuildingprogramyieldedMemo‐rial Hall, a health center,MartinLutherResidenceHall,andreno‐

vations to West Hall. The newstructures allowed the collegecommunity to catch its breathbefore the next, perhaps most

dramatic change occurred –women as full‐time, on‐campus students. Financial support by theMinisterium for construction had come with the additional price ofadmittingwomen.Lutheranswantedtheirdaughterseducatedaswellastheirsons.PastorLutherSchlenkerwasadrivingforceinthecam‐

paign to admit women, including his daughters, which mobilized

ThefirstyearMuhlenbergwasco‐ed,therewasonlyonefemaleenrolledinthis

chemistryclass.


women in parishes to raise thesorelyneededfundsfortheCollege.Hearty supporters of coeducation

were faced with just as adamantresisterstothechange.TheCollegewasthefirst intheLehighValleytoadmitwomen(1957).25Womenhad

already attended the so‐called ex‐tensionschoolofcontinuingstudiesestablished in1915. Manyof themsoughtteachingcredentials,andthe

very first woman to receive aMuhlenberg bachelor’s degree didsoin1920.

An article in theMuhlenbergWeekly commented that an all‐

malestudentbodytreatedwomenlike“toystobeputawayuntilworkwas done.” The documentary evidence shows that, to the contrary,female students were not toy‐like. Reviews of records show thatwomenconsistently earnedhighacademichonors andheldpositions

ofimportanceinstudentgovernment.BarbaraFretzCrossette’61,thefirstwomantoserveasfeatureseditoroftheWeekly,wentontoholdseveral distinguished positions with the NewYorkTimes, includingBureauChiefof theUnitedNationsandChiefCorrespondent inSouth

Asia and Southeast Asia. (Ms. Crossette’s son and grandson were toattendMuhlenbergCollege.) Today,womencontinue toexcel inaca‐demics, athletics, and service within and outside campus borders.EarlyfemalefacultywereEnglishprofessors,Dr.JanetStammandDr.

Bessie Michael, and historians, Dr. Joanne Stafford (later Mortimer)and Dr. Katherine Van Eerde. An early administrator was Dean ofWomen,AnnNugent.26 In1996,Dr. Carol ShinerWilsonbecame thefirstfemalesenioracademicdeanattheCollege,andDr.MarjorieHass

thefirstfemaleProvostin2004.Dr.HassleftMuhlenberginJune2009tobecomePresidentatAustinCollegeinTexas. TheSeniorAcademicOfficerpositionatMuhlenbergwasheldbyDr.RobertC.Williams,anAfrican American, in themid‐1980s. Most recently, Karen Green, anAfricanAmerican, became the first femaleVicePresident for Student

Affairs.

BarbaraFretzCrossette’61,heldseveraldistinguishedpositionswiththeNYTimes


Withanincreasedstudentbody,newspacesforcoeducationalinteractionwere neededwhich in turn contributed to the need for astudentcenter.In1963,theJ.ConradSeegersUnion(nowcalledtheJ.

Conrad and Hazel Seegers Union) opened and provided the centralspace for the expanded social life of the 1960s.27President and Mrs.Seegers delighted in entertaining hundreds of students, faculty, staff,alumni, and friends of the College. Mrs. Seegers is reputed to have

been a particularly warm and gracious hostess. Their hospitabilitylivesonasanimportantpartofthewelcomingspiritoftheCollege.

DuringDr.ErlingN. Jensen’s tenureaspresident, the JohnV.ShankweilerBiologybuildingwasconstructed(1968‐1970).Dr.Jen‐

senwasa scientistwho focusedon strengthening the sciencesat theCollege.Dr. JohnV. Shankweiler—”Doc”Shankweiler—wasabelovedmember of the Biology Department, noted for his untiring advance‐ment of the sciences, excellent teaching, and PennsylvaniaDutch hu‐

morandaccent. Thebuildingwas the first academic structure tobe

added in forty years. Construction of Shankweiler was quickly fol‐lowedbyrenovationstotheoldsciencebuildingthatwasdedicatedtothe memory of Peter S. Trumbower, a noted college supporter andtrustee.28

A formerEnglishprofessor,Dr. JohnH.Morey succeededDr.

Jensenaspresident.Hisinterestslayinthearts,andPresidentMorey

TheCollegeLibraryinthe1950s,nowtheHaasCollegeCenter.


strove to strengthen the arts on campus. Renowned architect PhilipJohnson designed the new Center for the Arts (1976), which thenhousedMusic,ArtandEnglish.Johnsonboldlyarticulatedmodernism.

TheCA,controversialatthetime,pullsusintothelandscapesurround‐ingit.TheglassceilingoftheGalleriasparklesinthesunandglistensinthedark,invitingpeoplepassingthroughtobroadentheirperspec‐tive. ThisGalleria is situatedasacontinuationof thewalkway from

SeegersUnion.On theway,walkers can stretch intellectually as theycontemplatethered,modernistsculpturetitledVictor’sLament(1979)byMarkDiSuvero.TheDorothyandDexterBakerCenterfortheArtscontainstheMartinArtGallery, thePaulC.EmpieTheatre,a lecture/

recitalhall,andartstudios.29

Di Suvero’s monumental Victor’sLament is a “powerful con‐structionofsteelandcable”that,accordingtothesculptorandothers,“isacollectionofrelationships,whichspeakalanguageofweight,ten‐

sion,sizeandbalance”andcan“mean”somethingverydifferentasoneinteractswith the sculpture over time.30 Likemuch art, it teases uswithquestions: If, forexample, theVictor isavictoriousperson,whyshoulds/he“lament”?

DuringMorey’sadministration,significantadditionstotheLifeSportsCenterwereaccomplished,includingatwenty‐fivemeterswim‐mingpool,racquetballandsquashcourts,weighttrainingrooms,anda32,000 square‐foot, multipurpose field house. The setting supports

healthy lifestyles, the Principles of Fitness andWellness course, andelectivesthatenhancethecommunity’sphysical,spiritual,andintellec‐tualwellbeing.31

TheHarryC.TrexlerLibrary,dedicatedin1988,wasaproject

that began during the presidency of Jonathan C.Messerli. Replacingthe Haas Library, the new library was designed to provide muchneeded space foranexpanding studentbodyandanexploding infor‐mation environment. Designed by Robert Geddes, the library com‐

binesclassicalandmedievalinfluenceswiththebeautyofrich,cherryThomasMoserfurnitureandcomfortableleathercouches.Itexempli‐fiesMoser’shopefor“aquietplace,craftedofnaturalmaterialscater‐ing to all the senses and providing access to that storehouse ofwords.”32


Overthepast25yearstheTrexlerLibrarybuildinghasstoodthe testof timebyadapting toa rapidlychanging informationworld.At itsopening, a ceremonialpassingof several books tookplace as a

human chain stretched from the old library to the new. No longersolelyastorehouseofbooks,thelibraryoftodayoffersspacesforac‐tivelearning,interaction,andcollaborationalongwithquietreflectionandstudy.RecentlyaddedisanInformationCommonsthatcombines

current journals and cutting edge technologieswith innovative infor‐mationandtechnologyliteracyprograms.Faculty,staff,students,andcommunityareenjoyingprogramsincludingvisitingauthorreceptions,artexhibitswithCulturalCorridorcollaboration,andwirelessaccessto

awide variety of information resources. AWriting and InformationConsultationCenter,openedinthefallof2008,bringsWritingCentertutors and Public Outreach librarians together to assist students oneachstepofthepublishingprocess.Theseactivities,alongwithexpert

guidancetocompletethecircleof informationfromresearchtopres‐entation,makethelibrarythevibrantplaceit istoday. Throughtimethe Trexler Library continues to serve as the academic heart of thegreaterMuhlenbergCollegecommunity.

The1990sdecadeopenedwithmajor renovationprojects tocreatetheHaasCollegeCenterfromtheformerlibraryandtorenovatetheEttingerBuilding. The facadeof eachbuildingwasuntouched topreserve the traditional appearance, but the interiors were refash‐

ionedtobecomemodern,spaciousofficesandclassroomswithstate‐of‐the‐artequipment.33

Ettinger accommodates modern pedagogy with the readyavailabilityofmultimediapresentationsinclassrooms.Itsrenovations

celebrate the creations of the humanmindwith centers of advancedtechnology. They facilitate engaged learningwithout losing the rela‐tionship between professor and student. The interior renovation ofHaasCollegeCenterpreservedopenspacesandvisualaccesstohelpful

staffassoonasthevisitorentersthebuilding.34 Arthur R. Taylor succeeded PresidentMesserli in 1992. Hispresidencyusheredinaperiodofintensebuilding.In1996,becauseofincreasedenrollment,Collegeofficialsdecidedtoconstructanew,four‐story residence hall. Kathryn P. Taylor Hall complements the sur‐

roundingbuildingswithbrickandtrimsimilartoBrownHall.Thenew


structure retains the traditional flavor of the College and combinestradition with modern amenities. Large classrooms, a kitchen, andloungesarehousedinthebuilding.35Whenyouwalkaroundthecam‐

pus,noticetheblendingofthepastandthepresentwithaneyetothefuture. AgenerousgiftfromaFriendoftheCollegeandvigorousfundraisingeffortsresultedinseveralmajorprojects.In1998,soccerfields

were upgraded for practice and play of men’s and women’s soccer.Thesameyearamultipurposeturffieldandstateofthearttrackfacil‐itywerecompleted;theScottyWoodStadiumwasnamedforfoodser‐viceentrepreneurwhosefirstaccount(1947)wasMuhlenbergCollege.

IthousestheFrankMarinofootballfield,whichhonorsthememoryofthelateandbelovedfootballandwomen’svolleyballcoach.

Another project, the Trexler Pavilion for Theatre andDance,linked to the current Center for the Arts, was completed in January2000.CelebrateddancerGregoryHinesperformedattheopening,in‐

vitingMuhlenbergCollege students todanceon stagewithhim. ThePavilion houses rehearsal and performance spaces for theatre anddance,aswellasfacultyoffices.ThePavilionis“oneofthemostinno‐vativeandexquisiteexamplesofcontemporaryarchitectureinthere‐

gionandagreatcompaniontotheBakerCenterfortheArts.”Notetheimpressive “cascading exterior glass curtainwallwhich rises 45 feetintotheairinagiantcurveembracingthelobbiesandpublicspaces.”36

Construction finished in April 2000 on Moyer Hall, an aca‐demic building named for 1935 graduate Forrest G.Moyer,M.D. and

situated between Ettinger and Egner Chapel. Academic programs of

StudentsdoingscientificresearchintheCollege’sfacilities.


Psychology,Religion,PhilosophyandEducationare locatedalongsidetheInstituteforJewish‐ChristianUnderstanding.Everyclassroomhasadvancedtechnologyto facilitateeffective teachingand learning. But

remember, technology never replaces the human engagement andknowledgeinteachingandlearning.

In2002,thenewlyrenovatedJohnandMargaretWalsonCom‐munication Hall was dedicated. The Commons, as it was originally

known,wasbuilt in 1912 andonce served as the collegedininghall,theater,andentertainmentcenter.

InJanuary2002thedoorsopenedtotwonewresidencehalls,SouthHallandtheLoisM.andEdwardH.Robertson’42Hall.Located

westoftheTrexlerPavilion,theyofferaspectacularviewoftheCedarBeachpark.Abletoaccommodate140upperclassstudents,thesenewbuildings are comprised of 35 suites, each containing four singlerooms, a small living room, bathroom, and galley style kitchen. The

Village, a cluster of handsome brick residences,was opened in 2007and houses 145 students. The Village replaced Mac Gregor Village,“temporary” and popular suite‐style housing that was built in 1981.Anotherresidencehall,addednorthofChewStreetin2007,houses48

students.Building momentum continued during the tenure of Interim

President James Steffy as construction began on an expansion to theLife Sports Center. Opened in August 2004, the Center significantly

increased recreational, intramural, and intercollegiate opportunities.TheBruecknerFamilyWinghouses lockerrooms,additionalcoaches’offices,andajuiceandcoffeebar.ItwasprovidedthroughagiftfromRich ‘71andLaurieBrueckner ‘72. Adjacent to theWing is the John

andBarbaraHefferHealthCenter,housingStudentHealthServicesandCounselingServices.TheHeffer’sdaughter,AlisonJ.Heffer,graduatedin1996.

PresidentRandyHelm continues the tradition of capital pro‐

jects andnewacademicprograms to strengthen theCollege. The sci‐ences and student support are just two of many areas recently en‐hanced. Seegers Unionwas expanded to provide spaces for the Aca‐demic Resource Center, the Office of Disability Services, the CareerCenter, Student Activities, Leadership and Greek Affairs, Community

ServiceandCivicEngagement,andStudentGovernment.Studentpub‐


licationssuchastheCiarlawilltakeadvantageofaMediaCenter. In‐cludedaretestingspacesforstudentswithdisabilitiesacareerlibrary,andpre‐healthandpre‐lawadvising resources. Seegersdining facili‐

ties were dramatically expanded andmodernized to house beautifulspaces where students may choose from a wide variety of meals—traditional burgers and fries or Bagel Bombs, kosher, vegetarian, or‐ganicandmore.TheIleneandRobertWoodDiningCommons,agrand

welcoming space that is flooded with sunlight during the day andgracedbyaflickeringfireatnight,honorstwobelovedFriendsoftheCollege.BobWood,nowdeceased,wasthesonofScottyWood(seepg13).

A gracious, comfortable and vibrant site, the MulticulturalHouseincludesspaceforsocializing,studying,andexploringissuesofdiversity. It’s a popular destination formany students, and includesopportunities for enjoying ethnic foods. The International Programs

Officeissituatedupstairsinthisfacility,whichopenedin2006. Twootherareaswererecentlyexpandedorrenovated:HillelHouseandtheRehearsalHouse.HillelenjoysaShabbatDinnerHall,adedicatedsanctuary,akosherkitchen,andastudent‐designedlounge.

Hillel is a vibrant studentorganization comprisedof students fromawiderangeofJewishaffiliations,fromseculartoOrthodox.The10,360square foot Rehearsal House, formerly a fraternity residence, addsmuch needed practice space, studio space, and faculty offices for the

College’snationallycelebratedTheatre,DanceandMusicprograms.The Princeton Review, in fact, rated the Theatre program #1 in the

Studentschedulefromthe1922“M”book.


countryin2011‐2012. Greatly enhancing faculty and student col‐laboration, the New Science building provides classrooms, researchandteachinglaboratories,andinformal“hang‐out”spacesconduciveto

studyinganddiscussionforprogramsinBiology,Chemistry,Biochem‐istry, Neuroscience, and Environmental Science. The renovation ofShankweiler was completed in April 2007 and includes additionalclassrooms and student‐faculty research spaces, a Science Reading

Room, the Acopian Center for Ornithology, a renovated greenhouse,andnewanimalresearchfacility.

CompulsoryChapel,Dinks,andTugofWar:

TheRulesDuringtheearlyyearsofAllentownSeminary,theCollegepaid

significantattentiontothemoralandreligiouslivesofthestudents.Ina fashion consistent with the times, administrators carefully moldedstudents with daily devotional exercises, Bible study, and character

building lessons. The facultyandadministrationsought tosubstitutefor parents’ guidance in nurturing the intellectual, social, and moralwellbeingofthestudent.Infact,onefacultypositionwastitledProfes‐sorofMentalandMoralScience.37

OncetheSeminarychangeditsfocustoincludemilitarytrain‐ing,physicaldevelopmentbecameasimportantasmoralandspiritualdevelopment.Keypartsofthecurriculumincludedmilitarydrills.Mili‐tary discipline demanded “a ready and cheerful obedience to superi‐

ors; …an erect, manly and graceful carriage and politeness of de‐meanor; and …health, habits of order, exactness and punctuality….”

PresidentHaasasheappearedinthe“M’Book


TheCollegewantedtoensuregoodhealthtothestudent“whoisoftenapt to neglect regular exercise until his constitution is fatally im‐paired.”38

After1867,theemphasisoftheCollegechangedfrommilitarytraining to training youngmen for theministrywith a curriculum topromotea “high literaryand religiousstandard.” Compulsorychapelandchurchattendancecontinued,andtheCollegerecommendedthat

students volunteer for Sunday School teaching. College officials dis‐couraged town amusements and promoted leisure activities that in‐cludedwriting,oratory,theatricalproductions,andtastefulmusicper‐formances.Initially,allstudentswererequiredtobelongtooneofthe

literarysocieties;later,approximatelythree‐fifthsofthestudentspar‐ticipated. In theearlyyears, theCollegediscouragedsecretsocieties.Studentssometimesfellshortoftheloftysocialandmoralgoalsoftheinstitution,andbilliardparlorownersrequestedthattheCollegekeep

the students out of their “establishment.” Occasionally, students re‐leased water‐bags on unsuspecting pedestrians passing by the resi‐dencehalls.39

Sincethe1920s,andconsistentwiththetrendsoftheculture

at large,Muhlenberg has documented community policy – hence the‘M’Book (now the StudentPolicyandInformationGuide). Early rendi‐tionsof thehandbookwerea tinypocketsizebookletwithminusculeprint that instructed the studentonproperbehavior.Oneof the first

included a friendly, fatherly address byDeanGeorgeT. Ettinger. Hewrote:

You’ve moved to college. You’ve broken off from thefamiliarplanet.Youarepartofanewworld–aworldofgreaterfreedom.Youareratherstunnedbythechange.Humanityhassuddenlycontractedfromtheglobetothecollegecampus….40

TheDeanwantedtoadvisethestudentshowtoaccomplishthetransi‐

tionsmoothly.Inthesame‘M’Book,PresidentHaas’saddresswasmorestern

thanfriendlyandfatherly.Hewarnedthestudents:Our common life entails common duties. There is noplacewithus fora self‐centered individualist;Muhlen‐


bergwantsnoknow‐it‐allFreshmenwhowillnotstrivefor the common good; no obstreperous law‐breakingSophomores; no socially intoxicated Juniors; and noproud we‐run‐the‐college Seniors, but only just men,honest,upright,pure,strong….41TheCollegeassumedthatpublishingrulesofproperbehavior

wouldbeenoughtoassurecompliance.Butjustincase,stiffpenaltiesaccompanied infringement. For example,while atmeals in theCom‐

mons and elsewhere, studentswere to behave like gentlemen. Theyhadtowearstarchedcollars(attachedbybuttonstoshirts),coats,andties until May 15,when coats could be eliminated because of warmweather. Unnecessary noise was prohibited, and the rules forbade

throwingfood,wateror“otherarticles”.Finesofonedollaraccompa‐niedthefirstoffenseandtwodollarsthereafter.42

Thegeneralrulescoveredmanyaspectsofcollegelife.The‘M’Book noted themaximum sets of tennis that could be played before

givingway to other players. The rules required attendance at Stunt

Day. They forbadeclimbingondormitoryroofsandfinedthosetam‐pering with automobiles and bicycles. Often the rules were merelycommon sense reminders of living in a small community. Freshmenrules, on the other hand, seem capricious and demeaning by today’sstandards. For example, the button on freshmen headgear, a dink

(beaniewithsmallbrim),hadtobetouchedwiththerighthandwhen

Students participating in the required obstacle course during the 1940s


an upperclassman said “button.” The rules required that freshmencarrystampsfortheconvenienceofupperclassstudents.Stipulationsbarredfreshmenfromputtingtheirhandsintheirpockets.Freshmen

alsohadtoshowtheirsocksorgivematches toupperclass members on demand. The penaltyfor a matchbook infringement was to wear amatchbookcoverontheirlapel.43Justwhatpur‐

posedidtheserulesserve?Wasittheirintenttooccupy themindsof freshmenso that they forgot

theywereadjustingtocollegelife?Perhaps,buttheyservedanotherfunc‐tionbasedonthetraditionsofBritishboardingschools.Intheseschools,

recognitionofandacquiescencetoauthoritywasthoughttobeconducivetoacademicrigorandpreparationforworklife.

Bythe1930sthelanguageoftheruleshadsoftened,butfresh‐men regulations continued

to single out beginners inless than dignified ways.FreshmenhadtomemorizetheAlmaMaterwithinone

week. They could not cutacrossthegrassandhadtoenter all buildings frombasementsteps. Participa‐

tion was required in aweeklong orientation toacclimate new students tocollege life that included

completionofanobstaclecourse.TheyhadtowearadinkuntilChrist‐masbreak,andtheystillhadtocarrymatches.44 Bythe40sand50s,freshmencouldearntherighttoremovetheirdinksatThanksgivingiftheyweresuccessfulindefeatingthesophomoresatthreeoutoffour

contests:aTug‐of‐WaroverCedarCreek,aFlagRushupagreasedflag‐pole,atouchfootballgame,andapushballgame.

Someofthetraditionalrulescontinuedthroughoutthe1940s,eveninthemidstofWorldWarII,butthenumberofrulesincreased.Inadditiontotheregulationdinkandbutton,freshmentieshadtobe

red,andstudents’sockshadtobeblack.Theirpantshadtoberolled

Student in the pose of the

John Peter Gabriel Muhlenberg statue

Dink/Beanie


upteninchesfromthegroundtodisplaythepropersocks.First‐yearstudentscontinuedtoprovidematches,but inaddition,pipecleanersbecameanecessaryitemforfreshmantofurnishondemand. Upper‐

classmensmoked insidebuildings,but freshmenwerenotallowed tosmokeinanybuildingexcepttheirdormitory.45

In1942,theCollegeacquiredthestatueofGeneralJohnPeterGabrielMuhlenberg (1746‐1807) from the Capitol building inWash‐

ington, DC. A new rule stipulated that all freshmen when asked thetimemustassumetheposeofGeneralMuhlenbergandanswer,“Thereisatimetofight,andthattimehascome.Itisnow…”.GeneralPete,thestatue,arrivedoncampusduringthetwo‐hundredanniversaryyearof

hisfatherHenry’sarrivalinAmerica.TherealJohnPeter,asaministerand patriot, grappled with the appropriateness of volunteering toserveintheRevolutionaryarmy.OneSundayhewasreputedtohaveannouncedtohiscongregationinWoodstock,Virginia:“Thereisatime

topreachandatimetopray.Butthereisalsoatimetofight,andthattimehascomenow.”Withadramaticflourish,hesupposedlywhippedoff his clerical robes and displayed an officer’s uniform under hisgown.46A statue ofGeneral Pete is located in front of theHaasCollege

Center.ThecommemorationyearofHenryMelchiorMuhlenbergpro‐

videdother freshtopics fortheever‐increasingfreshmenregulations.Studentshad toknowpertinentdetailsof famousMuhlenberg family

members. Frederick Augustus ConradMuhlenberg (1750‐1801), forexample,was the very first speaker of theU.S.House ofRepresenta‐tives.GotthilfHenryErnestMuhlenberg(1753‐1815)wasacelebratedscientist and the first President of Franklin (later Franklin andMar‐

shall)College.Inaddition,freshmenhadtoreciteamemorizedspeechthatrecountedtheapocryphalstoryofJohnPeterGabriel’ssermoninfavoroftheAmericanRevolutionaryCause.47

Duringtheearly1950sthe ‘M’Bookhadafriendliertone,but

the rules for freshmen continued. Many of the traditional freshmenrules remained, but one new regulatory invention should be noted.The freshmen had to participate in the Pajama Parade on the nightpriortothehomecominggame.Pajama‐cladfreshmenwoundthroughthecenterofAllentownledbythecollegeband.48


After 1957, when the College became coeducational, socialregulationstookanewturn.Forexampleinthe1961 ‘M’BookunderRulesofSocialConduct:

Studentriots,“pantieraids,”anddemonstrationsresult‐ing in the commission of physical violence are strictlyforbidden. Participantsinsuchincidentsaresubjecttosuspensionorexpulsionfromthecollege.49

Themen’sdormitoryrulesdealtwithnoiseandsocialconduct,but the women’s dormitory rules concerned houseguests, telephonecalllimits,andstrictcurfewhours.Skirtsanddressesweremandatedattire for coeds; slacks were forbidden on the front campus.50 One

stipulation for special permission events held on campus stated that“girls” (1960s ‘M’ book language forwomen) had to be back in theirdorms fifteen minutes after any event. If the dormitory directressdeemed awoman overdue, the offender had towrite to the Dean ofWomenexplainingthespecificdetailsofherlateness.51

Themen’sdormitoryrulesnotedspecificallythatalcoholpos‐session in roomswas illegal, but thewomen’s dormitory rules nevermentionedalcohol since itwaspresumed thatwomenwouldnotusealcohol.Campusruleswarnedstudentsabouttheiruseofthecampus

forleisureandrecreation.Forexample:

Muhlenberginthesnow


Snowballing is not permitted near the dormitories ornear other campus buildings. Sunbathing as well assports isnotpermittedonthefrontcampus. Golfingisallowedonlyonthesoccerfield.52Consistentwithanationwidemoveawayfromstrictcontrolof

behavior—colleges had acted inlocoparentis, or in the place of par‐ents—themostonerousoffreshmenrulesendedinthelate1960s.By

theearly1970stheremainingregulationsusedsofterlanguagetogivethemanauraof cooperation rather thanobedience. The rulesnotedthatstudents“maynotuseillegaldrugsornarcotics.”Alcoholwasal‐lowedoncampus,butonlyby thoseof legaldrinkingageandonly in

residencehalls.53SuchlatitudewasbeforethestrictregulationsoftheCommonwealthlaws.

Duringthe1960sand1970scollegepolicygraduallychangedfromdictums tocooperativecodes. Students in the1980swere con‐sideredcitizensofthecollegecommunity.In1980‐81,theCollegees‐

tablished, in consultation with students, faculty, and administrators,policiesofself‐governmentandself‐responsibility.

Thetenorofthe‘M’Bookduringtheeightiesreflectedthebe‐lief that students could be responsible for themselves. Policies and

procedures replaced mandates. Language became impersonal andlackedtheadmonishingcharacterofthepast. Theruleshavebecomebasedoneveryone’srighttoequality,dignity,andprivacy. Theyvali‐datediversitysuchasrace,religion,andsexualidentity.54

Beginningin1962,theCollegehadbeenunderastrictHonorCode,wherebystudentswereexclusivelyresponsibleforpolicingaca‐demichonestyandrequiredtoreportoffenders.AnyinfractionwouldleadtoexpulsionfromtheCollege.Upsetbytheamountofunchecked

cheatingthatwenton,studentsinitiatedactiontobringinanAcademicBehavior Code with shared responsibility between faculty and stu‐dents for identifying anddealingwith academic dishonesty. Faculty,students,andadministratorsarecommittedtothe1980Code,votedin

bythefaculty,andmostrecentlyupdatedin2009.Penaltiesareseverefor violating trust and community inherent in the Code.55In 2011, tofocus on quality of character and mind, faculty renamed it the Aca‐demicIntegrityCode.


Touchstones,Traditions,andLandmarks

AnarticleintheFall1993issueofMuhlenberg’salumnimaga‐zinenotedthatitwassadtoseetheeliminationofmanyfineMuhlen‐bergtraditions.ThearticlespotlightedDeanofFreshmenHapsBenfer

whoactivelypreservedthesurvivalofmanyMuhlenbergobservancesfrom1925to1965.

Benferhimselfbecameabelovedinstitution,andfortyyearsofgraduates recall his “positive, vigorous” manner and close, paternal

oversightofhisboys.Heisreportedtohaveperformedabedcheckatnight. Heexertedtoughloveattimes,butevenifhechidedastudentfor doing poorly, he worked hard with that student to see he suc‐ceeded.56Youwillseeaplaqueinhishonorneartheeastentranceto

SeegersUnion.Thearticle’sauthormourned the lossofcustomssuchas the

waterfight,touchfootball,theflagrush,bannerscrapandmostespe‐ciallythefreshmanandsophomoretugofwar.Theauthornotedthat

theVietnamyearsandarapidlychangingsocietydilutedtime‐honoredcustoms. This may be true, but traditions have a life span and gothroughanevolutionaryprocess.Althoughsometraditionsfadeaway,otherscontinue,ifonlyinspirit.Thatspiritcanbeseeninthecollege’s

symbols,referencepoints,andcustomarypractices.

TomTower,ChristChurchCollege,OxfordUniversityandthe

DavidA.MillerBellTower,MuhlenbergCollege


CollegeSymbolsandCeremonies

TheMuhlenberg catalog usually features two touchstones oftheCollegeonitscover.OneistheDavidA.MillerBellTowerontopof

the Haas rotunda. Its struc‐

ture evokes the distinguishedBritish university traditionsby echoing Tom Tower atChrist Church College, Oxford

Universityandcontinuestobean Allentown landmark. Itlooks particularly impressivewhenyouwalktowarditfrom

the library on a snowy orfoggyevening.57The second touchstone is thestatue of General John Peter

GabrielMuhlenberg in frontoftheHaasCollegeCenter. GeneralPete

hasalong,colorfulhistoryasacenterofactivityandsymbolofcollegelife. In1957, studentsdressedhim inwomen’s clothes toprotest thedecisiontoadmitwomen.

Whenwomenarrivedoncampus,hewasdustedandcleaned

by the new coeds for the cameras of Lifemagazine. A decade later,againstcollegeregulations,studentsadornedhimwithsignstoprotestU.S.involvementinSoutheastAsia.In1996,hehadawreathplacedinfront of him by the Lutheran Historians of Eastern Pennsylvania to

commemorate the two hundred and twenty‐fifth anniversary of hisfather’sarrivalinAmerica.58

As youwalk into Trexler Library toward the stairs, youwillnoticethecollegesealimbeddedinthefloor.Thesealistheoldestex‐

istingsymbolofMuhlenbergCollegeandwasdesigned in1867whenthe College was named. No explanation accompanied its design, butRobert C. Horn, Emeritus Professor of Greek Language and History,later analyzed its content and meaning. The word TrinitatiSanctissi‐

mae inscribedon themiddleringof theemblemmeans“TotheMostHolyTrinity.”OnaribbonintheinnercircleiswrittenCruxetPatriaetCalamus. Thismeans “Cross andCountry andPen” signifying “Christ,

StatueofGeneralJohnPeterGabrielMuhlenbergduringWorldWarII


Patriotism,andLiteraryCulture.”Onthebottomhalfoftheinnercircleinaband iswritten Instit1848‐Reconstit1867. Itnotes theestablish‐mentofthecollegeasAllentownSeminaryin1848anditsrenamingas

MuhlenbergCollegein1867.Thesymbolsinthecenteroftheembleminclude a cross and book entitledBiblia,whichmeansBible or book.

These referencespoint to the founding ofthe college as a Christian institution. The

eagle,asymboloftheUnitedStatesrepre‐sentingstrength,standsontheBible,butithas anolivebranch in its claw represent‐ingpeaceandafeatherpeninitsclawrep‐

resentingliterarypursuits.ThesimilaritiestotheGreatSealoftheU.S.are evident and timely since our sealwas

createdtwoyearsafter theCivilWarended. TheSeal isdisplayedat

officialcollegeprocessions.TohonorthecelebrationoftheSesquicen‐tennial Anniversary in 1998, twoMuhlenberg staff carpenters volun‐teeredtocarveabeautifulnewsealoutoffinecherry.59 Theycarvedanothersealin2006fortheGreatRoominSeegers.

TheCollegemaceisanotherpowerfulsymbol.CarriedbytheFacultyMarshalatacademicceremonies,theheavymaceisa symbol of authority andhas its origins in themedievalweaponof the samename (Frenchmassé). Over4½ feet

long, the Muhlenberg College mace was handcrafted in1966byC.Leslie Smith, adistinguished local silversmith.Severalsignificantsymbolsappearonthemace, includingtheCollegeseal,theLutherRose,HenryMelchoirMuhlen‐

berg,TroutHall, thedomeoftheHaasCollegeCenter,thechapel,andthelampofknowledge.

OpeningConvocationandtheCandle lightingser‐viceduringOrientationWeekendanticipatetwoeventsof

your graduationweekend four years fromnow. OpeningConvocation takes place Sunday evening after the all‐CollegeBarbecue. Youwillbeseated in the lovelychapelandseeadignifiedprocessionoffaculty,ledbytheFacultyMarshal, in academic regalia whose design dates to the

garbofOxford andCambridgeUniversity scholars in

Seal of Muhlenberg College

MaceofMuhlenbergCollege


theMiddleAges. Anexplanationof theshapesof thehood,designofthesleeves,andcolorofhoodwillbe inyourprogram. Forexample,thewearerofagoldrobewithblackstripesandadarkbluefacingin

the hood earned his Ph.D. inHistory from JohnsHopkins University.Lookalsoforcrimson(Harvard),blueandwhite(Columbia),andoth‐ers.PresidentHelmwearsredandgrayregaliaspeciallydesignedforCollegedignitariesandamedalliontobewornonlybythecurrentCol‐

lege president. As a link to his advanced academic studies, he alsowearsthehoodheearnedwhenhefinishedhisPh.D.inHistoryattheUniversityofPennsylvania.Provost JohnRamsay,whospeaksat spe‐cialevents inthechapelandwhowill readyournameatCommence‐

ment,alsowearsthesignatureredandgrayMuhlenbergrobe.NotetheCollegemaceandthreebanners:theMuhlenbergCollegeCoatofArms,theLutherRose,andtheCollegeSeal.YoumaybehonoredonedayataDean’sListCeremonyorHonorsConvocationintheChapel.

Four years fromnow, on the College Green, youwill receiveyourdiplomaatCommencement.You,theFaculty,Trustees,andhon‐orarydegreerecipientswillwearacademicregalia.Youwillfollowtheleadof theFacultyMarshal and see theCollege seal andMuhlenberg

bannershangproudly.Itwillbeathrillingdayforyou,yourfamily,thefriendsyoumadeatMuhlenberg,andthefacultyandstaffwhotaughtyou. At Baccalaureate, the night before, you will have engaged in abeautiful candle lighting ceremonywhichwill recall that event from

OrientationWeekend.

LinkstotheWiderCommunity

Muhlenberg students have traditionally sought links to the

widercommunityinavarietyofways.DuringWorldWarI,manystu‐

dentsdelayedcompletionof theirdegreesbyvolunteering fororgan‐izedfarmserviceworkinconjunctionwithwartimefoodneeds.DuringWorldWar II, theCollege facilitated flight trainingeffortsbyofferingthecampus for training to theArmyandNavy.60 FromJuly1,1943 to

June30,1945,theCollegewasatrainingsiteforover900meninthearmedservices. In theOrientationbooklet forNavalAviationcadets,partoftheV‐12navalrefreshercourse,thecollegecampuswascalled


their“ship”.Rhetoricinthemanuallinkedthe“timetofight”speechofGeneral JohnPeterGabrielMuhlenbergandtheWorldWar II fighttopreservefreedom.61

Today,manyindividualstudentsandoverforty’Bergstudentorganizationsparticipateincommunityserviceopportunitiesassisting142 local, national, and international organizations.62 They oftenscheduleeventstoraisefundsforspecificorganizationssuchasTurn‐

ingPointorvolunteerinsettingssuchastheCaringPlaceortheSixthStreet Shelter. Alternative Spring Breaks have included buildinghousesinNewOrleansandruralareasoftheSouthandPennsylvania.Facultyandstaffassiststudents in findingopportunitiestobetterthe

community in which we live. Many classes have a service‐learningcomponent that highlights civic awareness, social justice, and obliga‐tionstocommunity.

Since the late nineteenth century, the College has provided

speakerswhoselecturesweresharedwiththeMuhlenbergcommunityandtheAllentowncommunity. As inthenineteenthcentury, lecturesareheldinthe1933collegechapel. Achapelwasoncelocatedattheeast end of the Ettinger building but that sectionwasdestroyed in a

firein1947.Inaddition,theMillerForumandLithgowScienceAudito‐riumcurrentlyserveaslecturesites.Thevarietyofspeakershasbeenimpressive. Some talks have specifically included thewider commu‐nity,somehavebeenheldatCommencement,andsomehavebeenen‐

joyedbytheinnerMuhlenbergcommunity.FirstLadyEleanorRoose‐velt spoke at the College and received an honorary degree in 1942.JustafterWorldWarII,in1947,journalistEdwardR.Murrowspokeatgraduation.In1988,civilrightsleader,CorrettaScottKinggaveamov‐

ing presentation at Commencement. Vice‐presidential candidateGeraldine Ferarro spoke at Commencement in 1990; comedian BillCosbysharedwit,andwarmthwiththoseassembledatgraduationin1995;SenatorArlenSpecterspokein2003;andAfricanAmericanau‐

thorLoreneCaryheld thecrowd inaweofher richpoetic eloquenceandwisdomin2005.In2007,famous“Doonesbury”cartoonist,GarryTrudeauspokeabout living lifewith imaginationandvigor. In2011,playwrightTonyKushner,knownespeciallyfortheprize‐winningAn‐gelsinAmerica,deliveredawise,fast‐pacedCommencementspeechon

life and the liberal arts. All received Honorary Doctorates from


Muhlenberg,asdidworldchampionboxerandphilanthropistMuham‐madAliin2009.

Literature has long been prominent at the College. An early

literarylandmarkattheCollegewastheeditingbyreturningveteran,student, andpoet, Thomas Cole ’50, of the distinguishedmodernpo‐etryjournal,Imagi. Coledevelopedcloserelationshipswithmanypo‐etsovertheyears,includingEzraPoundandWilliamCarlosWilliams.

Intheearly1960s,anumberofcounter‐culturewritersspokeoncam‐pus,invitedbyProfessorWilliamKinter.AllenGinsbergandLawrenceFerlinghetti are perhaps the most notable, but one, Denise Levertovcomposed a poem to Kinter entitled “A Letter to William Kinter of

Muhlenberg.”BlackactivistLeroiJonesspokeoncampusamidcontro‐versy.PresidentErlingJensenshowedcourageoussupportoffreedomofspeechinthefaceoffiercecriticismforallowingJonestospeak.

In the 1970s, “big name entertainment” reached out to the

community in song rather than commentary. Among others, folksinger Arlo Guthrie; folk ensemble Peter, Paul and Mary; and rockgroupsincludingTraffic,theGuessWhoandBillyJoelhaveperformed.

ConsumeradvocateRalphNadervisitedcampus,andwehave

enjoyed, amongothers, authorsMayaAngelou, JoyceCarolOatesandAdrienneRich; comedy teamFrankenandDavis;oralhistorianStudsTerkel; author of Schindler’s List Thomas Kenneally; and MichaelMoore, the creator of the documentary Roger and Me.63Alumni au‐

thors, includingnovelistFrederickBusch’62, and poet Theodore Weiss ’38, havealsoreadtheirworksattheCollege.Athletics as a tradition evolved slowly

and, consistent with the times, revolvedaroundfootball.Allentownresidentsandalumni flocked to the games. The teaminspired school spirit and community

support. Two landmark athletic eventsoccurredin1946whenthefootballteamwontheTobaccoBowlinLexington,Ken‐tucky, and the basketball team partici‐pated in the NIT (National Invitation

Tournament)atMadisonSquareGarden.

A1928baseballuniformshowstheCardinalmascot.


ThesevictoriesoccurredwhenmanyWorldWarIIveteransfilledteamrosters,andopponents includedVillanovaandNYU. In1964theCol‐legecompletedthetransitiontoDivisionIIIstatus.Thefootballteam,

under the leadership of Coach Mike “Duke” Donnelly, had an unde‐feated10‐0seasonin2007andwontheCentennialConferencetitlein2009,advancing to thesecondroundofNCAADivision III champion‐ship games. For the first time in Muhlenberg history, the 2008‐09

women’s basketball team, undefeated in the Centennial ConferenceandCentennialConferenceChampionship,madeittotheNCAASweetSixteenChampionship.

During the evolution ofMuhlenberg’s sporting programs, an

additionalchangeoccurred.Itisreportedthattheoriginalmascot,theCardinal, became the better knownMule of today, in part because localn e w s p a p e r s s h o r t e n e d

“Muhlenberg” to “Mules” over time.The team with the strongest four‐year win record at the College wasthe Field Hockey team, started as a

women’s club in 1958, that had en‐joyed30wins,0lossesby1962.

The College now fieldstwenty‐twovarsitysports. Football,

soccer, cross‐country, basketball,wrestling,baseball,indoortrackandfield, outdoor track and field, lacrosse, golf, and tennis comprise themen’s roster; field hockey, volleyball, cross‐country, basketball, soft‐

ball, lacrosse,golf, indoortrackandfield,outdoortrackandfield,ten‐nis, and soccer compose the women’s teams. Intercollegiate sportsnowsupplementthecollegefocusonwellnessandlifelongfitness. Inaddition, theCollegehosts thepopularScottyWoodBasketballTour‐

nament as an outreach to the community each fall.64Also in the fall,studentsenjoyHomecomingcelebrationsand theathletic events sur‐roundingit.

Two facilities that reachbeyond the immediatephysical con‐finesofthecampusfosterexperientialeducationforstudentsandput

theMuhlenbergcommunityintouchwiththewidercommunity.First,

RachelJakubowitcz’12and

KellyKirkley‘12HomecomingQueenandKing2011


theConradW.RakerBiologicalFieldStationandWildlifeSanctuary,aforty‐acre wooded area, provides biology classes with useful fieldstudyopportunities. Second,theLeeandVirginiaGraverArboretum,

locatedinBushkillTownship,providesmyriadopportunitiesforstudyand research. The Arboretum is also the site of quiet walks and oftrainingforgroupssuchasStudentAdvisors.65

Mind,BodyandSpirit

Although the College has consistently sought to educate thewholestudent,thelifeofthemindcomprisesthecoreofMuhlenberg’s

experience. Academic em‐phasishaschanged to someextent since Muhlenberg’sfounding. At its inception,

Muhlenberg concentratedona strictlyprescribedcur‐riculumofclassics,includingthestudyofLatinandGreek.

Asinterestintheliberalartsincreased,theCollegeincor‐porated a diverse curricu‐lum across the spectrum of

liberal education. RecentadditionsareNeuroscience,FilmStudies,JewishStudies,and Finance majors and a

PublicHealthminor. TheEnvironmental Studiesminorhas been re‐named Sustainability Studies, and African‐American Studies is nowAfricana Studies. Numerous programs that enrich academic life in‐clude:First‐YearSeminars,Self‐designedMajors,Self‐DirectedInquiry,

honorsprograms,semesters inWashington,DCandabroad, theDanaAssociates Program, the Muhlenberg Scholars Program, R J FellowsProgram,andthePresidentialAssistantsProgram. Facultyalsoteachsemester‐longMILA courses culminating in study trips toCostaRica,

Bangladesh,ChinaandTurkey.Theseprogramsassistandexpandaca‐demiclifeattheCollege.66

Dr.JohnV.Shankweilerinfrontofa

paintingofTrappeChurch,oneofthe

churchesservedbyHenryMelchior

Muhlenberg.ThepaintinghangsintheMiller

Room,HaasCollegeCenter


MentoringisatraditionatMuhlenberg.Itoccurseverydaybyfaculty,administratorsandsupportstaff,andotherstudents.Mentor‐inghasinfactbeencharacteristicofthecollegesinceitsinception.In

thenineteenthcentury, theschoolwassosmallandpersonal that in‐teraction among the members of the college community happenedautomatically. Mentoringhascontinued,eventhoughtheCollegehasgrowntoaround2150students.Althoughformerstudentshavenoted

many individuals for their concern and encouragement, one couple,citedbymany,willserveasanexample. JohnV.ShankweilerandhiswifeLelahcommittedmuchtimetothe College. Serving for forty‐three years from 1921 to 1964, “Doc”

Shankweiler, Professor of Biology, founded the Pre‐Medical Society in1931andcontinuallystrovetoputhisstudentsintouchwiththemedi‐calfield.Hewasreportedtobepatientandenthusiasticforhisentirecareer; he stayed late in the lab to assist studentswhoneeded extra

help;heevenpersonallydrovestudentstomedicalschoolinterviews.His fatherly advicewas delivered in a heavy Pennsylvania Dutch ac‐cent. Hiswife Lelah nurtured the students, often baking cookies forthem.SheiscommemoratedintheJ.ConradandHazelSeegersUnion

in thedining space calledLelah’sRoom.67The traditionofhosting stu‐dents, alumni and others continues as faculty and staff open theirhomesandothersitesthroughouttheyear.

Tonurturethewholeperson‐mind,body,andspirit‐physi‐

calactivity isamust.Thisphilosophy isconsistentwithclassicalandRenaissance authors who articulated the importance of the “healthymindinahealthybody”goinghandinhand.Intheearlyyearsfitnessoftenmeantunorganizedactivity. Oneof themost creativeoccurred

whenDeanEttingerwasastudent.Aheavycoalwagonwasdisassem‐bledwhere it lay in frontofa residencehall and reassembledon thefifth floor of the building.68Most fitness efforts since those days havebeen more positive. Intramurals have continued through the years.

StudentsandfacultynowmaybeseenrunningattheLifeSportsCen‐terandintheneighborhood.Inthefallandspring,Frisbeegolfaficio‐nadosreemergetotestthetimehonoredcourseacrossthecampus.


SelectedShortsAllhistoriesareselective,andhistoricalrenditionsshouldnot

beconstruedasrepresentingeverythingthathappenedinagivenpe‐riod or even the most significant events of any period. Landmarkeventsarereportedatthediscretionofthepersonreporting,whichof

course means that agreement over what is most noteworthy varies.With thatdisclaimer inmind, the following events shouldhave somerelevancetoyouryearsatMuhlenberg.

In1893,theCollegepublishedthefirstCiarla(yearbook–thetitleisItalianfor“chat”or“conversation”). Currentstudent‐managed

editionshavebeentheenvyofotherliberalartscollegesinthearea.69

In1933,aformalplantoopentheCollege’sregularsessionstowomenwas proposed but avoided until 1957, when one‐hundred and threefirst‐year women students enrolled and nineteen transfer students

arrived. TheNationalCouncilgrantedaccreditationtoMuhlenbergin1965fortheTeacherEducationprogram.In1967,theCollegesuccess‐fullysoughttheestablishmentofachapterofPhiBetaKappa,themostprestigiousacademichonorsocietyinthecountry.

In1989,studentserviceswereextendedasofficesofMinority(nowMulticultural) Affairs and Academic Support Services (now theAcademicResourceCenter)werestrengthened.TheInstitute for Jew‐ish‐Christian Understanding (IJCU), established the following year,

promotesinterfaithdialog.EachyeartheInstitutesponsorsinterfaithstudy groups, invites distinguished scholars to campus, and coordi‐natesanannualprogramon “YouthandPrejudice” for students from20 area high schools. Since then, its reputation and scope have ex‐

pandedinternationallyundertheleadershipofdirectorPeterPettit.In1990, the London Theatre Studies Program extended Muhlenberg’sStudyAbroadofferings.StudentsininternationalbusinessnowstudyregularlyattheCenterforEuropeanStudies,Maastricht,intheNether‐

lands,andmanyotherstudentsenrich theireducationbystudying incountriesasdiverseasFrance,SouthAfrica,Argentina,andIndia.Me‐diaandcommunicationstudentscanstudyforaMuhlenbergprograminDublin.Facultyhaveledshort‐termstudyprogramstoChina,Spain,

Bangladesh,Paris,Rome,andTurkey.Dr.RichNiesenbaum,ProfessorofBiologyanddirectorof theSustainabilityStudiesminor,pioneered


theMILA(MuhlenbergIntegratedLearningAbroad)programswithhistriptoCostaRicain1998.) Other programs intellectually enrich Muhlenberg students.

Forexample,theFirst‐YearSeminarProgramintroducesenteringstu‐dentsto“thelifeofthemind–towhatitmeanstothinkdeeply,totalkand write critically about ideas…” with an emphasis on writing andthinkinganalytically.70 Therearealso fourvalue‐addedprogramsfor

cohorts of students, beginning at their freshmen year and lastingthroughthesenioryear:DANAScholars,RJFellows,MuhlenbergSchol‐ars and,most recently, EmergingLeaders. TheLivingWriters seriesbringstocampusoutstandingpoets,essayists,andwritersoffictionto

conductworkshopswithstudentsandgivepublicreadings. TheCen‐terforEthicsandothergroupshaveregularlysponsoredopportunitiesforcampus‐widediscussiononthemessuchas,“HungerintheMidstofPlenty,” “Politicsof Identity,” and “ScienceandSensibility.”The Insti‐

tute forPublicOpinion, established in2001,polls individualsnation‐wide on current issues of importance to the public good— politicalraces, environmentalorhealth carepolicy, for example.The founder.Dr. Christopher Borrick of the Political Science department, is fre‐

quentlyquotedintheregionalandnationalpress. These symbols, traditions, and landmark events help definewhattheCollegehasbeeninthepastandisinthepresent.Butitisyouwhowillhelpdirectitsfuture.

Inthe1990s,theCollegegainedinvisibilityandprestige,witharticlesinForbes,Time,U.S.NewsandWorldReport,TheWashingtonPost, TheNewYorkTimes, andTheWall Street Journal. Barron’s, aninfluential guide to colleges and universities, pushed Muhlenberg’s

rankingupto“HighlySelective.”Applicantpoolscontinuetobestronginbothnumberandquality.

Students are also increasingly competitive for graduate andprofessionalschoolplacementandforprestigiousawards.Becauseof

thePrestigiousAwardsInitiative,Muhlenbergstudentshavecompetedsuccessfully forawards including theHarryS.TrumanScholarship instudiesforpublicservice,BarryGoldwaterScholarshipinscienceandmathematics,theWilliamJ.Fulbrightawardforteachingorstudyover‐seas,theRotaryInternationalFellowship,theHowardHughesMedical

Instituteaward,theJackKentCookeundergraduate


award,theNationalScienceFoundationScholarship,theJamesMadi‐son Fellowship, theMedical Scientist Training Award, the U.S. Envi‐ronmental Protection Agency NNEMS Fellowship, the National De‐

fenseScienceandEngineeringGraduateFellowship,theSt.Andrew’sScholarship,theMorrisUdallFellowship, the JacobJavitsaward,andthe Irish Research Council for Science, Engineering & Technology.“ThePrestigiousAwards Initiative is keen evidence ofMuhlenberg’s

commitment to helping students identify and realize their dreamsduringorafterundergraduatestudy,”notesDeanCarolShinerWilson,whocreatedtheprogramin1998.Foundationsforthesehighlycom‐petitivescholarshipssubsidizepostgraduatestudy forupto$50,000

peryear. Student research has become increasingly important at theCollege. Typically,around400studentsayearengageinresearchorindependentstudy.Someofthatresearchisfundedthroughfounda‐

tionssuchastheNationalScienceFoundationorfundsfromgenerousalumniandotherFriendsof theCollege. Inaddition, theCollegees‐tablished undergraduate summer research grants, available by com‐petitive application, todeepena student’s knowledge in aparticular

areaofinterest. Grantshavebeenawardedacrossthecurriculuminareasincludingbiology,chemistry,photography,psychology,theatre,communication,andliterature. Becausetuitioncoversonly85%oftherestofaMuhlenberg

education, theCollegeDevelopmentandAlumniAffairsOfficeworkshardtosolicitgiftsfromgenerousdonors—individuals,foundations,andcorporations—inordertopayforeverythingfromstudentschol‐arships ($28M in 2011‐2012) to zebra fish for scientific research to

MACs for the Media and Communication program. Every student,whetherafull‐payerornot,receivesasubsidyofatleast15%.Donorsgivetheirgiftsbecausetheyknowthatthesegiftsareaninvestmentinthefutureofourstudentsourcommunities,andourcountry.


Transitions

A new era began on July 1, 2003 when President

Peyton Randolph (Randy) Helm began his tenure as

Muhlenberg’seleventhpresident.Hecame toMuhlenberg

fromColbyCollege,whereheservedasVicePresidentforCollegeRelations.AgraduateofYale,wherehemajoredinArchaeology,PresidentHelmearnedaPh.D.inAncientHis‐toryfromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniain1980.Heisun‐abashedly in lovewithhistory andwith teachingandhastaughtHomerandtheHomericEpic.HiswifePat, teaches intheMusicDepartment.TheHelmshavetwosons,BurtandAlec.

It is fitting that this volume ends with heartfeltwordsfromPresidentHelm.


AMessagefromthePresident

Bythispoint,youreyesaretiredandyourmindis

crammedwithinformationaboutyournewalmamater.I

empathize!AsPresident,letmereassureyouthatyouare

going to love your years at Muhlenberg. This is an ex‐

traordinarily warm, welcoming community, full of inter‐estingpeoplefromwhom,ifyoumaketheeffort,youwilllearn a great deal. If you embrace this opportunity, em‐

bracethiscommunity,youwillundertakeoneofthemoststimulating,satisfying,andrewardingperiodsofyourlife.Make it a point to meet people different from yourself,throw yourself into your classes, experiment with newideasandextracurricularactivities,volunteerinthecom‐munity, offer your friendship to others on campus. Inshort,packasmuchasyoucanintoeverysingleday.Youwill be astounded, as I have been, by the opportunitiesthatawaityou.Seeyouaroundcampus!

PeytonR.(Randy)Helm,President


NOTES1Dr.CarolShinerWilsoncontributedsignificanttimeandeffortinedi‐torialconsultationforalleditionsofthisbooklet.Manythanks!Oth‐erscontributedsignificantlytotherecentrevisions:MichaelBruck‐ner,RichBrueckner,KellyCannon,BarbaraCrossette,EdDavis,Mi‐chael Falk, Lona Farr, Connie Kunda, Ted Lithgow, Frank Marino,Tom and Harriet Mendham, Joanne Mortimer, David Nowack, PhilSecor, Scott Sherk, James Skidmore, James Steffy, Nelvin Vos, andHaroldWeiss.

2 James E. Swain, AHistoryofMuhlenbergCollege,1848‐1967 (NewYork:Appleton‐Century‐Crofts,1967)6.Dr.Swain,professorofhis‐tory andpolitical science from1925 to1967 residedat23rd Streetnext to the studentparking lot.RobertChisolmHorn, “MuhlenbergCollege: History of One Hundred Years, 1848‐1948” (Unpublishedmanuscript,c.1948)8‐9.

3Horn,20‐21.AbriefchronologyofMuhlenbergCollegehistorycanbefoundintherotundaofHaasCollegeCenter.Checkitout!

4Horn,23‐25.5Swain,6.6Swain,6‐7;Horn25‐26.7Swain,6,Horn;26‐28.8Swain,6‐7;Horn,32.Inadditiontotheincreaseddemandforcollegeeducated Lutheran men for the ministry, the Lutherans had splitoverissuesofdoctrine.ThePhiladelphiaseminaryadheredmoretoGerman cultural and confessional Lutheran traditions, while theseminaryatGettysburgcontinuedamovementtoembracethemorehomogenizedAmericanProtestantismoftheSecondGreatAwaken‐ing.

9Swain,7‐8;Horn,32‐34.10 Other famousmembers of theMuhlenberg family include: GeneralJohnPeterGabrielMuhlenberg,whowinteredwithGeorgeWashing‐tonatValleyForge;GotthilfHenryErnestMuhlenberg,whowasrec‐ognized as a famous early scientist and first president of FranklinandMarshallCollege(aspeciesofturtlewasnamedforhim,astatueofwhichmaybefoundbetweenNewScienceandSeegers);andFre‐derickAugustusMuhlenberg,whowasfirstU.S.SpeakeroftheHouseofRepresentatives.

11Swain,8;Horn,32‐36.12MuhlenbergCollegeSourceBook:2008ed.byNicoleHammel,(October2008)13Horn,29‐3114Horn,43‐47.Nowstreet‐sweepingmachinespatroltheAllentown’sroads.Watchthesignstotellyouwhennottoparkon23rdStreet.

15Swain,17;Horn,50‐51.16Muhlenberg,Winter,1986,Vol.8Num.5(takenfromDailyCity,Janu‐ary3,1905);Swain,32‐35;Horn,60‐61.


17Swain,78.18Wordonthestreetandhearsayfrompeoplewhoworkinthebuild‐ing.

19 Ibid.; “MuhlenbergCollegeFactBook,” ed. by Roland W. Dedekind,(October,1996)4.

20Ibid.5.21Ibid.SeealsoMichaelSalvatoreTripaldiMuhlenberg’sLivingStones,(2003).

22Swain,151‐2.23

The G.I. Bill provided financial aid for returningWorldWar II veter‐ans, since they had delayed their careers and education for up tofouryears.CongresspassedtheG.I.Billtogivethemahead‐startinresumingtheirlives.

24Swain,85‐91.25Ibid.,90‐94.26Ibid.,93.27Swain,80‐84;FactBook,6.28

FactBook, 7; ConversationwithDr. EdwinBaldrige, Professor Emeri‐tusofHistory,July3,1997.

29Ibid.,33.30ScottSherk,emailMay29,2003.31FactBook,8,35.32 ThomasMoser, “Dedication of the Harry C. Trexler Library,” pam‐phlet,October1,1988,10.

33FactBook,9.34Ibid.35“MuhlenbergAnnualReport,1995‐1996,”19;BrochurefortheDedi‐cationofNewWestHall,FridayOctober11,1996.

36ConversationwithCurtisDretsch,January2000.37Horn,27.38Ibid.39Swain,24‐27;Horn,44‐62.40.CardinalandGreyAnnualofMuhlenbergCollege,Allentown,Pennsyl‐vania,1922‐1923,Volume III, Horace S.Mann, Editor (YoungMen’sChristianAssociation,1922)8‐10.

41Ibid.,7.42Ibid.,6143Ibid.,62‐63.44

The Students’ Handbook of Muhlenberg College, Allentown, PA., Vol‐umeXVI.FrederickJ.C.Gregorious,’37,Editor(MuhlenbergChristianAssociation,1936)53‐54.

45 TheMBook:The Students’Handbook ofMuhlenberg College, Allen‐town,PA.,1942‐1943,VolumeXXII,EdwardO.Lukens, Jr., ’44,Editor(MuhlenbergChristianAssociation,1942)70.


46Ibid.; TheStudents’HandbookofMuhlenbergCollege,Allentown,Penn‐sylvania,1971‐1972, VolumeXLVIII (OfficeoftheDeanofStudents,1971)13.

47Ibid.48 The ‘M”Book:TheStudents’HandbookofMuhlenbergCollege,Allen‐town,Pa.,1951‐1952,Volume XXVIII, David H. Black ’53, Editor‐in‐Chief(MuhlenbergCollege,1952)48‐49.

49 The ‘M’Book:TheStudents’HandbookofMuhlenbergCollege,Allen‐town,Pa.,1961‐1962, Volume XXXVIII. Robert Karl Bohm, Editor(MuhlenbergCollege,1961)23.

50TomandHarrietMendham,letterJune8,2003.51“M”Book1961‐1962,30‐31.52Ibid.,23.53The‘M’Book,1971‐1972,80‐81.54The‘M’Book:TheStudents’HandbookofMuhlenbergCollege,Allen‐town,Pennsylvania,1981‐1982,VolumeLVIII(OfficeofStudents,1981):MuhlenbergCollegeStudentHandbook,1990‐1991,VolumeLXVII(MuhlenbergCollege,1990).

55MuhlenbergCollegeWeekly,February23,1961,Ibid,October12,1961;MBook,1961‐1962,pp.40‐42.

56MuhlenbergMomentum,OfficeofDevelopmentandAlumniRela‐tions,May,2003.

57FactBook,34.58Muhlenberg,Winter1992.FramedpagesoftheLifeMagazinerendi‐tionofMuhlenbergcoeducationmaybefoundinthehallwayjustpasttherotundaofHaasasyouwalkdowntheright‐handsteps.

59 Horn, “TheMeaning of the Seal,” 1‐2. Dennis Gambler and BarryHerman,PlantOperations,carvedtheseal.

60Horn,75.61OnBoardatMuhlenbergCollege,July26,1945.62 Muhlenberg CollegeOffice of Community Service and CivicEngage‐mentwebsite, http://www.muhlenberg.edu/studorgs/service, June30,2005.

63 Horn, 53;Muhlenberg, Volume 1, Number 1(Fall, 1989); Ibid., Vol‐ume5,Number2 (Winter,1994); theMBook,1971‐1972;Muhlen‐bergDoortoDoor,Volume11,Number1(Summer,1988); Ibid.,Vol‐ume12, Number3 (Winter,1990); Ibid.,Volume12,Number4(Spring, 1990); Ibid., Volume 13, Number 3 (Winter, 1991); Ibid.,Volume17,Number1(Fall,1994).

64Fact Book, 3‐9. Muhlenberg College Catalog, 26‐27; Swain, 133;“ScottyWoodTournamentCatalog,”November22‐23,1996. ScottyWood,founderofthefoodserviceWoodCompanyandaMuhlenbergCollegeHonoraryDegreerecipient.

65MuhlenbergCollegeCatalog,1996‐1997, 208‐209. Conrad Raker re‐ceived an honorary doctorate of divinity in 1956; the Gravers re‐ceivedhonorarydoctoratesofsciencein1995.


66FactBook, 14. One turn of the century anecdote highlights the factthat enthusiastic intellectual querymay have fallen short at times.Professor Dowell, during chemistry class, while performing an ex‐perimentstated“Nowaddhydrochloricacidandwatchtheresults.”Heexpectedthestudentstoreportthespectaculardetailsoftheex‐periment’soutcome in theircarefullykeptnotebooks. Insteadtheyallwrote,“Nowaddhydrochloricacidandwatchtheresults.”

67“MuhlenbergDoortoDoor”,volume16,Number3(Summer,1994);ConversationwithGraceSchneck,retiredsecretary,July12,1997.

68Horn,95.69FactBook,4.70First‐YearSeminarbooklet,2012,1.

PlacestoKnow

DorothyandDexterBakerCenterfortheArts(1976) PaulC.EmpieTheatreJohnD.M.BrownHall(1916)D.FlorenceButzMemorialGarden(1942)GideonF.EgnerMemorialChapel(1930)GeorgeT.EttingerBuilding(1903,1948,1991)JohnPeterGabrielHouse(1905)JohnPeterGabrielMuhlenbergStatus(1942)GraverArboretum(CollegeGift1993)JohnA.W.HaasCollegeCenter,formerLibrary(1929,1990)Hillel/Sociology/Anthropology(2010)LifeSportsCenter(1982,1991,2004) BruecknerFamilyWing John&BarbaraHefferHealthCenterMartinLutherHall(1957,1977,1989,1994)MemorialHall(1954)ForrestG.Moyer,M.D.’35Hall(2000)TheMuhlenbergTurtle(1991)MulticulturalHouse(2006)NewScienceBuilding(2007)TheRakerWildlifePreserve(CollegeGift1989)RehearsalHouse(renovated2010)LoisM.andEdwardH.Robertson’42Hall(2002)J.ConradandHazelJ.SeegersUnion(1963,1998,1999,2006,2010)SerenityGarden,donatedbytheclassof1999JohnV.ShankweilerBuilding(1970,2006,2007)SouthHall(2002)KathrynP.TaylorHall(1996)HarryC.TrexlerLibrary(1988)TrexlerPavilionforTheatreandDance(2000) DorothyHessBakerTheatrePeterS.TrumbowerScienceBuilding(1927,1971)Victor’sLament(MarkDiSuverosculpture)(1979)Vigilance(VictorRiusculpture),donatedbytheclassof1973TheVillage,studentresidences(2007)TheJohnWalson,Sr.andMargaretWalson

CommunicationsHall(1912,1977,2002)

CanyoufindalltheMCsonbuildings?AndwhereisthereaGreenMan?

WherearetherosewoodCollegeSealsnormallydisplayed?Whatotherquestionswouldyouask?

PresidentsofMuhlenbergCollege

PeytonR.Helm(2003‐present)JamesB.Steffy(InterimPresident2002‐2003)

ArthurR.Taylor(1992‐2002)JonathanC.Messerli(1984‐1992)

JohnH.Morey(1969‐1984)ErlingJensen(1961‐1969)

J.ConradSeegers(1953‐1961)MorrisS.Greth(ActingPresident1952‐1953)Quintity(Five‐ManCommittee1951‐1952)

LeveringTyson(1937‐1951)RobertC.Horn(ActingPresident1936‐1937)

JohnA.W.Haas(1904‐1936)WilliamWackernagel(ActingPresident1903‐1904)

TheodoreLorenzoSeip(1886‐1903)BenjaminSadtler(1877‐1885)

FrederickAugustusMuhlenberg(1867‐1876)

EarlyMembersoftheMuhlenbergFamily

SeetheirnamesintheMuhlenbergRoom,justtoyourleftasyoucomeintheTrexlerLibrary.

EveElizabeth1748‐1808

JohnPeterGabriel1746‐1807MariaSalome1766‐1827

GotthilfHenryErnest1753‐1815MargaretHenrietta1751‐1831

HenryMelchiorMuhlenberg1711‐1787AnnaMariaWeiser1727‐1802

FrederichAugustusConrad1750‐1801MariaKatharine1755‐1812

MuhlenbergCollegeAlmaMaterIlovetositandthinkanddream,Andoftconspire.Andyetamidtheswellingstreamoffonddesire,MyheartstilleverturnstoThee,AlmaMater,AlmaMater.TheewillIeversing,ToTheemyheartshallcling.OfTheemypraisesringOMuhlenberg,AlmaMater,OmyMuhlenberg.

E.H.Kistler,1895

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